;/sf/lj?4 bz bnsf] Ps :j/
b]pjf ;d"xnfO{ c? bnn] dfGotf lbPgg\]

clxn] ;/sf/ Psflt/, c? ;a} /fhgLlts bn csf]{lt/ ePsf 5g\ . r'gfjdf ;a} bnx?aLr cfk;df k|lt:kwf{ x'g] eP tfklg r'gfj ;DkGg ug]{ / hgtf clwsf/ k|bfg ug]{ s'/fdf ;a} bn Psdt 5g\ . :j3f]lift ;efklt z]/axfb'/ b]pjf ;d"x lgjf{rg cfof]un] cfkm"nfO{ g} g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] dfGotf lbg] bfjL ub}{ xif{ a9fO{ ul//x]sf] a]nf cfof]lht ;j{bnLo a}7sdf Tof] kIfnfO{ lgDtf ;d]t u/]g . Pdfn] sfof{nodf ePsf] pQm a}7sn] lgjf{rg cfof]usf] xfnsf] sfo{z}nLsf] tLj| cfnf]rgf ePsf] lyof] . a}7sn] ljlwjt kfl/t u/]sf] k|:tfjdf r]tfjgLsf] z}nLdf k|i6 zAbdf elgPsf] 5– æg]kfnL sf+u|];sf] cflwsfl/stf ;DaGwL ljjfbnfO{ k|rlnt sfg'g tyf kf6L{sf] ljwfg adf]lhd cljnDa 6'+uf] nufpg' kb{5 .Æ

g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]skf Pdfn], /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{, g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{, hgdf]rf{ g]kfn, g]skf ;+o'Qm, g]skf dfS;{jfbL, g]skf dfn]df, g]dlskf, g]skf Pstf s]Gb|, -d;fn_ oL kf6L{x?n] Psdt eP/ rfn] eg] s'g sbd ;kmn gxf]nf < cl:t;Dd lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf PSn}n] d'n's xNnfPsf lyP eg] ca sf]O/fnf, dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf, ab|Lk|;fb d08n, gf/fo0fdfg ljh'S5], nLnfdl0f kf]v/]n, df]xgljqmd l;+x, lji0f'axfb'/ dfgGw/, clds z]/rg h:tf g]tfx?n] Ps;fy s'g} cleofg rnfP eg] s] kl/0ffd xf]nf < oL g]tfx? o:tf JolQmTj x'g\, hf] b]z, hgtf / hgclwsf/sf nflu h] ug{ klg tof/ x'G5g\ . cfkm\gf] p2]Zosf nflu aGb's ;d]t af]s]sf / cfkm\gf] sfqf] af]s]/ lx8]sf g]tf x'g\ logLx? . logLx?sf] ;fd"lxs :j/ g} kl/jt{gsf] zlQm xf] . cl:t;Dd k|ltufdL elgPsf] /f=k|=kf= ;d]t k|hftflGqs d"nwf/df ;dflxt e} ‘k|hftflGqs ljsNk’ aGg] s;/t ul//x]sf] a]nf k|ltudgsf] kl/sNkgf cfTd3ftL ;f]r dfq 7xg]{5 . hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ /fhgLlts bn logLx? g} x'g\ . logLx?sf] efjgfsf] pk]Iff ug'{ hgzlQmsf] ckdfg ug'{ xf] . a'l4eGbf an 7"nf], l;4fGteGbf ;Qf 7"nf] / hgtfeGbf ;]gf 7"nf] 7fGg]x?n] afx]s s;}n] o:tf] ub}{g . of] ;/sf/nfO{ hgtf / k|hftGqk|lt clnslt klg dfof 5 eg] oL bz /fhgLlts bnsf] lg0f{onfO{ ;;Ddfg :jLsf/ ug'{kb{5 .

cl:t a'wjf/ Pdfn]sf] cu|;/tfdf ePsf] pQm ;j{bnLo a}7sn] eg]sf] 5 – @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] pknlAwsf] /Iff ub}{ ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg hgtfnfO{ yk ;jn agfpg / hl6n aGb} uO/x]sf] ljBdfg cj:yfdf b]znfO{ d'Qm ug{ ;sf/fTds jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gfsf] nflu lgDg sfo{x? x'g' kb{5 eGg] o; ;j{bnLo a}7ssf] lgisif{ /x]sf] 5M s= ;+s6sfn / lgjf{rg ;+u} hfg ;Sb}g . t;y{ ;+s6sfnsf] 3f]if0ff k'gM hf/L gu/L gful/s clwsf/nfO{ k"0f{?kn] axfnL ul/g'k5{ . v= jftf{ tyf ;Djfbåf/f dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] xn ug'{k5{ . o;sf] nflu dfcf]jfbL kIf;+u cljnDa o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ffsf] nflu cfx\jfg ub{5 / b'a} kIfaf6 cljnDa jftf{ tyf ;Djfbsf] k|lqmof ;'? ug{ cfu|x ub{5 . u= lgjf{rg ldlt 3f]if0ff e};s]kl5 ;+s6sfn hf/L ug]{ sfo{ / ;/sf/sf] unt /j}ofn] lgjf{rg ;DaGwdf cfz+sf pTkGg eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf sflt{s @& ut] :jtGq, lgikIf tyf wfFwnL/lxt lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'g] s'/fdf ;/sf/n] cfd hgtfnfO{ cfZj:t t'Nofpg' k5{ / ª= g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] cflwsfl/stf ;DaGwL ljjfbnfO{ k|rlnt sfg'g tyf kf6L{sf] ljwfg adf]lhd cljnDa 6'+uf] nufpg' k5{ .

;/sf/ / lgjf{rg cfof]usf] lqmofsnfkn] ;a} /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ pQ]lht u/fpFb}5 . ;/sf/sf] o:t} gLlt /x\of] eg] d'n's cfGbf]ngdf xf]ldg a]/ 5}g . Pdfn] zflGtk"j{s r'gfj eof] / sf+u|];sf] ljefhg sfod} /x\of] eg] r'gfjkl5 cfkm" ;Qfdf hfg ;Sg] cfzfn] r'gfjk|lt a9L cfslif{t ePsf] lyof] . t/ lgikIf lgjf{rgsf] ;Defjgf ;dfKt x'Fb} uPsf]n] p;sf] cfzf klg lzlyn ePsf] 5 . :jo+ cfkm\g} kf6L{ / g]tfdfly o:tf] k|xf/ ug]{ k|wfgdGqLn] df}sf kfPdf cfkm"x? dfly s] ufn{g\ eg]/ cGo kf6L{sf g]tfx? lrlGtt x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . To:t}, lgjf{rg cfof]un] sf+u|];sf] ;Gbe{ kf/]/ sfod ug{ vf]h]sf] ghL/ cg'?k cfkm\gf] kf6L{dfly Jojxf/ eof] eg] ef]ln ;a} kf6L{sf] cl:tTj ;dfKt x'g ;Sg] eon] klg pgLx? q:t 5g\ .

;/sf/sf] sfdsf] k|efj lgjf{rg cfof]udf k/]sf] 5 / lgjf{rg cfof]]usf] csd{0otfsf] cfqmf]z ;/sf/dfly JoQm eO/x]sf] 5 . lgjf{rg cfof]un] s'g} klg kf6L{sf] cfGtl/s dfdnf jf pgLx?n] cfkm\gf] ljwfg cg';f/ u/]sf] s'/fdf rf;f] /fVg' x'Fb}glyof] . emg\ p;n] ;+;bLo bnsf] ljwfg, h'g ljwfg lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ ;d]t x'Fb}g / h;k|lt ;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf] dfq ;/f]sf/ x'G5, nfO{ cfwf/ agfpg vf]h]sf] b]lvPsf]n] klg of] z+sf p7]sf] xf] . cfof]un] ;a} bnsf] dfu / b]zsf] sfg'g nTofP/ dgk/L u¥of] eg] cfGbf]ng x'g c;Dej 5}g .

k|wfgdGqL lgjf{rg n8\g' x'G5 ls n8\g' x'Gg, pxfFnfO{ kf6L{n] l6s6 lbG5 ls lb+b}g eGg] s'/f lgjf{rg cfof]usf] rf;f]sf] ljifo xf] < k|wfgdGqLn] r'gfj n8\g' ePg eg] s] r'gfj g} x'Fb}g, /f]lsG5 < kf6L{n] pxfFnfO{ l6s6 lbPg eg] klg r'gfj /f]lsG5 < ;+;f/e/L sflx+ o:tf] x'Fb}g . 3f]lift e};s]sf] r'gfj ;DalGwt If]qsf] pDd]bjf/sf] d[To' ePdf afx]s r'gfj /f]ls+b}g . lgjf{rg cfof]un] 3f]lift r'gfj lgikIf ?kn] ;DkGg ug]{ eGbf bf];|f] sfd x'g ;Qm}g . hLtxf/ s;sf] x'G5, s;n] l6s6 kfpF5g\, s;n] kfpFb}gg\, sf] r'gfj n8\5, sf] n8\b}g eGg] h:tf kl/0ffd x]g{ yflnof] eg] Tof] cfof]unfO{ :jtGq s;/L eGg] < @)%! ;fndf dWofjlw 3f]if0ff ug]{ tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] r'gfjdf gp7\g] 3f]if0ff ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . dWofjlw 3f]if0ff ug{ k|wfgdGqLn] r'gfj n8\g} k5{ eGg] b]pjfsf] blnnsf] of] Pp6f hjfkm x'g;S5 . kl5 sfo{stf{sf] bjfj k¥of] / sf]O/fnf r'gfjdf hfg'eof] . dWofjlwsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{ Pp6f s'/f xf] k|wfgdGqL r'gfj n8g' gn8\g' csf]{ tyf lgjf{rg cfof]un] ;+ljwfg, P]g, sfg'g, lgod, ljlw ljwfg adf]lhd cfkm\gf ;fd' cfPsf ljifodf lg0f{o ug'{ t];|f] s'/f xf] . oL tLg s'/f aLr st} tfnd]n 5}g x'Fb}g / x'g' klg x'Fb}g . ank"j{s tfnd]n u/fpg vf]lhof] eg] cgy{ g} x'G5 . r'gfj n8\g] JolQmsf] OR5f xf], l6s6 lbg] kf6L{sf] ljj]s xf] . t/ lgjf{rg cfof]usf] lg0f{o /fHoåf/f tf]lsPsf] P]g lgod adf]lhd bfloTj k"/f ug'{ xf] . olb kl/0ffd x]/]/ jf To;sf] cg'dfg u/]/ lg0f{o ug]{ xf] eg] lsg uf]Ko dtbfg ug'{ k¥of] < kl/0ffdsf] JolQmut cg'dfg u/]/ r'gfjdf hfg] kf6L{x?nfO{ lgjf{rg cfof]un] r'gfj cl3 g} l;6 ljefhg ul/lbP x'Fb}g < lgjf{rg cfof]usf] oltv]/sf] e"ldsf s:tf] xf:of:kb b]lvg yfn]5 eGg] o:tf a]t'ssf s'/f ug'{kg]{ cj:yfn] klg b]vfpF5 .

kl/0ffd g} x]g{] xf] eg] z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ lgjf{rg cfof]un] j}wtf lb+bfsf] kl/0ffd 8/nfUbf] b]lvg]5 . oxL ldltb]lv kf6L{x?sf] :jtGq cl:tTj ;dfKt x'G5 . bnsf] :jtGq cl:tTj ljgfsf] k|hftGq s:tf] xf]nf, cfkm}+ cg'dfg u/f}+ . s'g} klg /fhgLlts bn Tof] ;fgf] 7"nf] h:tf] xf];\ To;sf g]t[Tj 5fGg]b]lv gLlt lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;Ddsf ;Dk"0f{ sfd ltg} ;b:ox?sf] lg0f{oaf6 x'G5 . lgjf{rg cfof]un] To:tf] lg0f{o u¥of] eg] ToxL ldltb]lv s'g} klg bnn] cfkm\gf] bnsf] ;b:otf lgwf{/0f ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ vf];fPsf] dfGg' kg]{5 . To;kl5 s'g} kf6L{ 7"nf eP hf] dxflgjf{rg kl5 x'G5g\ eg]/ cfkm\gf sfdaf6 nf]slk|o klg x'Fb} uP eg] ltgnfO{ Pp6f lglZrt ;fOhdf Nofpg] dfq xf]Og ltgsf] cl:tTj ;dfKt ug{ hf];'s}n] ‘afg]Zj/ e]nf’ ug{ ;Qm5g\ . afg]Zj/df of] k6s ul/Psf] / kf6L{ k4lt dflysf] k|xf/ g} ToxL lyof] . Tof] kf6L{sf lg0ff{os ;b:ox?sf] klxrfg kf6L{ eGbf aflx/sf cyf{t\ kf6L{sf] ljwfgn] s'g} x}l;ot glbPsf JolQmaf6 eof] . kf6L{sf] dxflwj]zg k|ltlglw egL h'g JolQmn] Tof] e]nfdf k|df0fkq lbP of] k|f/Des} cj}wflgs sfd lyof] . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf lg0ff{os JolQmx? klxrfg To;sf] ljwfgn] tf]s]sf] eGbf aflx/sf] dfG5]n] u/]/ To;kl5 To:tf ;b:oaf6 pQm kf6L{ ;DaGwL h] h:tf lg0f{ox? eP tL lg0f{o x]l//fVg'kg]{ h?/t g} lyPg .

x/]s ;+:yfsf cfkm\gf lgod sfg'g x'G5g\ . b]zsf] d"n lgod sfg'gsf] kl/lwdf /x]/ pgLx?n] cfkm" kl/rflnt x'g 5'§} lgod sfg'g agfpg' c:jfefljs xf]Og . b]zsf] ;+ljwfgn] g} of] s'/f ls6fgL u/]sf] 5 . x/]s ljjfbsf] 6'+uf] nfUg] dfWod klg lgod sfg'g xf] . lgjf{rg cfof]usf] of] k6ssf] e"ldsf dfly k|Zg p7]sf] Pp6f sf/0f of] klg xf] . cflwsfl/s klxrfg gePsf JolQmx? Ps 7fpFdf hDdf u/L j}wflgs ?kdf /x]sf] kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj km]l/Psf] 3f]if0ff x'g' / To;nfO{ lgjf{rg cfof]u h:tf] ;Dj}wflgs bfloTj kfPsf] ;+:yfn] o;/L j}wflgs ;+:yfnfO{ k|tf8gf x'g] u/L of] txdf k'¥ofpg' g]kfnL sf+u|]; dfly dfq xf]Og k|hftGq dflys} cfqmd0fsf ?kdf x]g'{ k5{ . of] cj:yf ef]ln hf];+u klg cfO{ kg{ ;Qm5 eg]/ nueu ;a} kf6L{ To;}a]nfb]lv lrlGtt x'g yfn]sf x'g\ . ;a}sf] dfu 5– kf6L{sf] ljwfg adf]lhd lg0f{o x'g'k5{ . lgjf{rg cfof]usf] z+sf:kb e"ldsfs} sf/0f r'gfj 3f]if0ff ePsf] tLg dlxgf eGbf a9L ePtf klg b]zdf s'g} r'gfjL rxnkxn ;'? ePsf] 5}g . cGof}n JofKt 5 . To; dfly k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf cleJolQmx?n] emg\ cGof}n ylk/x]sf] 5 . ‘lgod sfg'g dfq xf]Og cfpg ;Sg] /fhgLlts l:ylt / lg0f{o kl5 kl/0ffd x]/]/ lg0f{o u5'{’ eGg] k|d'v cfo'Qmsf cleJolQmn] h'g;'s} bnx?sf] eljiodf uDeL/ r'gf}tL lbPsf] !) j6f kf6L{sf] ;j{bnLo a}7sdf ;d]t cfnf]Ro aGg k'Uof] . lgs6 eljiod} ;DkGg x'g nfusf]] oqf] dxflgjf{rg lgikIf ?kdf ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ lgsfo o;/L u}/–sfg'gL sfdnfO{ dfGotf lbg ;Sg] ;+s]t lbg] cfof]usf oL cleJolQmx? o;} sf/0f klg b]zJofkL ?kdf ljjfbsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 .

o;n] clxn] agfPsf] ghL/ u}/–sfg'gL eof] eg] of] dxflgjf{rg kl5 o;sf cfo'Qmx?nfO{ ;+;b\n] 5f]8\nf <

k|d'v cfo'Qmn] cfO{=hL=kL=;+u u'xf/ dfu]

ofs P08 otL xf]6ndf ;fs{ k|x/Lx?sf] e]nf rln/x]sf] lyof] . o:tf] pRr:t/Lo ;Dd]ngdf k|x/L k|d'v /xg] s'/f :jfefljs xf] . t/ c:jfefljs sxfFg]/ eof] eg] pxfF aLr}df 5f]8]/ lx+8\g' eof] . lx+8\g'eGbf cl3 pxfFsf] df]jfOndf Pp6f kmf]g cfPsf] lyof] .

Tof] kmf]g k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] /x]5 . ;f]xL adf]lhd cfO{=hL=kL= k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] sfo{qmddf k'Ug'eof] . pxfF ToxfF k'Ugf;fy k|d'v cfo'Qmn] eGg'eof]— ‘xfdL s]xL lg0f{o ub}{5f}+ . of] lg0f{on] ;8sdf w]/} s'/f x'g ;Qm5g\ . To;sf nflu tkfO{+ ;ts{ x'g'xf];\ jf Joj:yf ug'{xf];\ . k|d'v cfo'Qmn] rln/x]sf] sf+u|];sf] ljjfb af/] Pp6f lg0f{o ug{ nfu]sf] ;+s]t lbg'eof] . cf=hL=kL=n] eGg'eof]— lg0f{o s] x'G5 yfxf 5}g, oxL a]nf b]zdf k|wfgdGqL / ljefuLo dGqL klg aflx/ x'g'x'G5 . o:tf] a]nf ;8sdf s]xL e}xfNof] eg] ‘k|ltsfp06/’ klg x'g ;Qm5 . of] a]nf xfdL s]xL ug{ ;Qm}gf}+ . cfOhLkLn] ToxL+ ;'emfj lbg'eof]— lg0f{o ;'gfpg olt l9nf] e};s]sf] 5 eg] k|wfgdGqL / ljefuLo dGqL aflx/ /x]sf] a]nf xfdLnfO{ lsg o:tf] lgb]{zg lbg' x'G5 < kl;{ cfOtjf/ jf ;f]djf/ k|wfgdGqL kmls{g'x'G5, ljefuLo dGqL klg cfOk'Ug'xf]nf . To;kl5 h] ug'{x'G5, h:tf] cfb]z lbg'x'G5 xfdL dfG5f}+ .

/fhwfgLdf g} dfcf]jfbL cfqmd0f
;+s6sfn gyKg ;a} kIfsf] bjfj

;+s6sfn ;lsg] ;lsg] a]nfdf lx+;f / cft+s tLa| kf/L ;+s6sfnsf] Dofb nDJofpg o;cl3 em+} clxn] klg dfcf]jfbLn] lgx'F vf]Hg yfn]sf 5g\ . oxL ;ftf pgLx?n] /f}tx6 lhNnfsf] rGb|lgufxfk'/df a}+s n'6\g], ;nf{xLsf] xl/k'/ / nfnaGbL k|x/L yfgfdf cfqmd0f ug]{ dfq xf]Og /fhwfgLsf] d'6' ljzfn lazfnahf/df g} ad k8\sfP/ ;/sf/nfO{ ;+s6sfn nDAofpg] cfwf/ lbg yfn]sf 5g\ . lxhf]dfq klg kf6gdf Pp6f zlQmzfnL ad lj:kmf]6g u/fpg tof/ kf/]sf lyP . lxhf] kf6gsf] ;'Gwf/fl:yt O6'Djxfndf dfcf]jfbLn] /fv]sf] ad lg:s[o kfg{ vf]Hbf Ps ;'/IffsdL{ uDeL/ 3fOt] eP kl5 pgsf] d[To' g} eof] . ToxL 5]pdf csf]{ t'n ad 6fFu]/ hgtfnfO{ ql;t kfg]{ sfd klg lxhf] dfcf]jfbLn] u/] . bf]nvfsf] Pp6f :s"n dx]Gb|f]bo dfWolds ljBfnodf dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf/L hTyfn] lxh} ad lj:kmf]6 u/fP5g\ . dfcf]jfbL cft+s / qm"/tfsf oL tfhf 36gfx?sf] b]zsf a'l4hLjLx?n] d'n'snfO{ ;+s6sfnaf6 d'Qm ul/of];\ egL dfu ul//x]s} a]nf ePsf 5g\ . ;a} /fhgLlts bn, af}l4s ;d'bfo, dfgj clwsf/jfbLx? dfcf]jfbLnfO{ jftf{df Nofpg' k5{ elg ;/sf/nfO{ bjfj lbO/x]sf a]nf dfcf]jfbLx?n] u/]sf] of] lgxF' vf]hfxf sfo{n] ;a}nfO{ If'Aw t'NofPsf] 5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{x? dfcf]jfbLx?n] o'4lj/fd u?g\ / ;/sf/n] jftf{ yfnf];\ eGg] hf]8 lbO/x]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx?n] xfn} /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ kq k7fP/ cfkm"x? jftf{ ;Djfbåf/f ;sf/fTds /fhgLlts lgsf; vf]Hg tof/ /x]sf] atfpFb} To;sf nflu pko'Qm jftfj/0f tof/ kfg{ /fhgLlts g]tfx?nfO{ cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP . tbg'?k ;j} kf6L{sf g]tfx? 5'§f5'§} / ;+o'Qm ?kdf klg of] k|oTgdf nfu]sf 5g\ . t/ dfcf]jfbLx?sf] lqmofsnfk pgLx?sf] jrga4tfsf] ljk/Lt e}/x]sf] 5 . cft+sjfbL lqmofsnfkn] jftf{nfO{ eGbf ;+s6sfn yKg / zlQm k|of]u ug{ g} an k'¥ofpg] :ki6 5 .

/fhwfgLdf lxhf] kfFr jfdn] ;+o'Qm h'n'; ;DkGg u¥of] . To;sf] d'Vo dfu ;+s6sfn k'gM gnufp eGg] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ klg lx+;f, xTof 5f]8\g / ;/sf/nfO{ jftf{sf] jftfj/0f agfpg of] h'n'; bjfjsf ?kdf cfof]hgf ePsf] jfd g]tfx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . g]skf dfn], g]skf dfS;{jfbL, g]skf ;+o'Qm, ;dfhjfbL cfGbf]ng g]kfn / g]kfn ;fDojfbL kf6L{ dfn]df of] h'n';sf k|d'v cfof]hs lyP .

o;}aLr, b]zsf !$ hgf jl/i7 gful/sx?n] ckLn hf/L ub}{ of] k6ssf] bz}+ hgtfn] zflGtk"j{s dgfpg kfpg] u/L ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL b'j}n] t'?Gt} sbd rfNg b'j} kIf;+u cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L of] aStJo hf/L ug]{x?df lxdfnozDz]/ hj/f, uf]ljGbk|;fb nf]xgL, 8f=df]xgdfg ;}h", 8f=ab|Lk|;fb >]i7, 8f=xs{ u'?ª, 8f=d[u]Gb|/fh kf08], /fh]Gb| v]tfg, em/]Gb|gf/fo0f l;+x, s]zj/fh emf, q}nf]Sogfy pk|]tL, g/]Gb| e§/fO{, k|l;4 kf08] / /fh]zsfhL >]i7 cfbL 5g\ .

oxL xKtfsf] ;'?df dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f d~råf/f cfof]lht b]zsf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf ;+s6sfn / lgikIf lgjf{rg ljifodf 5nkmn sfo{qmdsf ;xefuL jl/i7 JolQmx?n] klg lgjf{rg /fhgLlts ;'b[9Ls/0fsf nflu xf], To;df ;+s6sfn nfUof] eg] lgjf{rg g} ;+s6df kg]{ ePsf]n] o:tf] a]nfsf] lgjf{rgn] s'g} lgsf; lbg ;Qm}g , j? k|hftGq g} vt/fdf k5{ eGg] ljrf/ k"j{ ;efd'v bdggfy 9'+ufgfn] JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . Pdfn]sf /fwfs[i0f d}gfnL, ;+:yfsf cWoIf kb\d/Tg t'nfw/, ;b:o dNn s] ;'Gb/, g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;Pzgsf cWoIf l;Gw'gfy Kofs'/]n, ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf ;l/tf lu/L, xl/ofnL kf6L{sf ab|Lk|;fb vltj8f, dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f d~rsf s[i0fk|;fb lzjfsf]6L, /fli6«o hgdf]rf{sf k"j{ ;f+;b kl/ yfkf, ;flxTosf/ vu]Gb| ;+u|f}nf cflbn] klg ;+s6sfnsf] cGTo ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

dfS;{jfbL ljrf/ d~r g]kfnn] eg]sf] 5— ‘km]l/ klg ;+s6sfnnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] 3[l0ft sfo{ ePdf d'n's k|ltudgsf] cj:yfdf u'lh|Psf] k|dfl0ft x'g]5 . a'l4hLjL gful/s ;dfh, /fhg}lts kf6L{ / g]kfnL hgdtsf] sb/ ub}{ dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngnfO{ jftf{ / ;Djfbsf dfWodaf6 xn ug{ kxn ul/of];\ .’

o;} xKtf k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn Pdfn] ;lxtsf ;ft jfdn] ;/sf/n] km]l/ ;+s6sfn yKbf ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfsf] cj1f x'g] atfpFb} r'gfjsf nflu pko'Qm jftfj/0f agfpg ;+s6sfnsf] cGTo ul/of];\ eGg] Joxf]/fsf] 1fkgkq k|wfgdGqLnfO{ lbPsf] 5 .

oxL xKtfsf] ;]/f]km]/f]df jl/i7 sfg'gljb\x?n] klg r'gfj / ;+s6sfn;+u} hfg g;Sg] jtfPsf lyP . ‘km]l/ ;+s6sfn ylkof] eg] of] ;+ljwfgsf] b'?kof]u x'g]5’ pgLx? o;f] eG5g\ .

ut cfOtjf/ ljleGg kIfsf a'l4lhljx? /Tgkfs{df hDdf eO{ ;+s6sfnsf] cGTo ul/of];\ eGg] t'n k|bz{g u/L 306f}+ ;fd'lxs k|ltj4tf JoQm u/]sf lyP .

gf} dlxgfdf #( ;o dfl/P

dGqLx?nfO{ sf/jfxL x'g ;S5

/fdk|;fb >]i7, k"j{ k|d'v cfo'Qm, clVtof/

á clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] @@ hgf sd{rf/Ldfly e|i6frf/sf] 5fglag ;'? u/]sf] 5 . of] sf/jfxL /fhgLlts g]tfx?af6 ;'? ul/g'kYof]{ eGg] cfu|x hgdfg;df ;'lgg yfn]sf] 5 . tkfO{+ s] eGg'x'G5 <

– e|i6frf/L lj?4sf] sfg'gL sf/jfxL Pp6f k|lqmofsf] cfwf/df x'G5 . k|s[of k"/f ubf{ sf] sf] k5{g\, ltg} dfly sf/jfxL x'G5 . e|i6frf/sf] d"n t /fhgLltd} 5, ToxLaf6 sf/jfxL ;'? u/] j]z x'GYof] .

á e|i6frf/sf] hfnf] htftt} 5 . hfnf] x6fpg sxfFaf6 ;'? ug]{ < g]tf, sd{rf/L Jofkf/L=== <

– of] lhDd]jf/L /fhgLlts g]t[Tj lng] JolQmx?n] lng}k5{ . b]zdf hlt cJoj:yf 5, Tof] ;a}sf] lhDd]jf/L klxnf] gDa/df /fhgLlts g]t[Tjn] g} lng'k5{ . e|i6frf/sf] lhDd]jf/L klg g]tfx?n] g} lng'k5{ . To;}n] clVtof/n] sfjf{xL sxfFaf6 ;'? ug]{ eGg] k|Zg uf}0f xf] . clVtof/n] k|df0fsf cfwf/df hf] hf] e]l6b} hfG5g\, tL ;a}nfO{ sf/jfxL ub}{ hfg'k5{ .

á g]tfx?dfly sf/jfxL rnfpg clVtof/n] cfF6 gu/]sf] h:tf] b]lvG5 lg <

– clxn] g} To;f] eGg ufx|f] x'G5 . s]xL ;do w}o{ eP/ kv{g' k5{ . h'g lxDdt / of]hgfsf;fy clVtof/n] sfjf{xL ;'? u/]sf] 5, To;df sd{rf/L afx]s c? ju{sf dfG5] kb}{gg\ eGg ;ls}bg . To;}n] s]xL lbg kvf}{+ g . g]tfx?sf] 5fglag ug}{k5{ . k|hftGqdf zf;g ug]{ /fhgLlt1x? g} x'g\ . /fhgLlt1 rf]vf] geP/} e|i6frf/ / clgoldttf oxfF a9]sf] xf] . ;Ifd / /fd|f] rl/q ePsf] g]t[Tj geP/} e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f x'g g;s]sf] xf] . a? pN6} g]t[Tj txaf6} e|i6frf/n] k|f]T;fxg kfO/x]sf] 5 . dflyaf6} r'gfjsf nflu, kf6L{ rnfpgsf nflu k};f rflxof] eGb} sd{rf/Lsf dfWodaf6 k};f c;'Ng] k|j[lQ JofKt 5 . d]/f] kfnfdf d}n] sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ 8fs]/ g} eg]sf] lyPF— ltdLx?n] /fhgLlts kf6L{x?nfO{ k};f h'6fO{lbg] ‘Ph]G6’sf] ?kdf sfd ug'{ ePg .

á /fhgLlts g]tfx?nfO{ k};f sdfpg sd{rf/Ln] ;3fP eGg vf]Hg' ePsf] <

– /fhgLlt1 / sd{rf/L kl5 k};f sdfpg] au{df c? k5{g\ . gDa/ jg / 6' t /fhgLlts g]tf / sd{rf/L g} x'g\ . /fhgLlt1, sd{rf/L / 7]s]bf/sf] ;xdltdf e|i6frf/ df}nfPsf] xf] . clxn] /fh:jsf hlt klg sd{rf/L kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ pgLx?n] Jofkf/L / t:s/x?af6} k};f lng] xf] . /, sd{rf/LnfO{ o;/L k};f lng] 5'6 /fhgLlt1x?n] lbPsf x'g\ . /fhgLlt1x?n] 5'6 glb+bf;Dd To;f] ug]{ lxDdt sd{rf/LnfO{ x'Fb}g . sd{rf/Ln] eGbf a9L k};f Jofkf/Ln] sdfPsf 5g\ / of] eGbf a9L /fhgLlt1x?n] sdfPsf 5g\ . sd{rf/Laf6 a/fdb ;DklQ x]bf{ cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 ls To;sf] cg'kftdf Jofkf/Ln] clgoldt tl/sfn] slt ;DklQ sdfPsf xf]nfg\ <

á Jofkf/L;+u eGbf a9\tf clgoldt ;DklQ /fhgLlts g]tfx?;+u 5 <

– Jofkf/Ln] a? d]xgt u/]/, a9L ;DklQ sdfpg] k|of; u5{ . sfg'gsf] kl/lwleq /x]/ klg a9L sdfpg s;/L ;lsG5 eGg] k|of; Jofkf/Lsf] x'G5 . t/ /fhgLlt1x? t s]xL gu/L k};f sdfO/x]sf 5g\ . clgoldttf geO{ s;/L sdfpg ;S5g\ < j]Odfgx?sf] t ;+u7g g} x'G5 . /fhgLltdf klg OdfGbf/ JolQmx? 5g\, sd{rf/Ldf klg OdfGbf/ 5g\ . t/ j]Odfgx?sf] ;+u7g x'g] ePsf]n] pgLx?n] of]hgf agfP/ e|i6frf/ u5{g\ . To;}n] /fhgLlt1, sd{rf/L / Jofkf/L ltg} ju{sf] e|i6frf/df a/fa/ ;+nUgtf 5 . sf]xLeGbf sf]xL sd 5}g .

á ;DklQ hfFra'em cfof]un] 5fglag ubf{ dGqLx?n] Jofks ?kdf ;DklQ n'sfPsf] tYo aflx/ cfO/x]sf] 5 . o;af6 ljut !@ jif{df Jofks e|i6frf/ ePsf] k'i6L x'Fb}g / <

– kSs} xf] . ljut !@ jif{df Jofks ?kdf e|i6frf/ ePsf] 5 eGg] s'/fdf s'g} z+sf 5}g . /fhgLlts ;+/If0f ljgf sd{rf/L / Jofkf/Ln] e|i6frf/ ug}{ ;Sb}gg\ . /fhgLlt1x?n] e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f ug'{ kg]{df pN6f] eO/x]sf] 5 .

á clVtof/sf] sfjf{xL klg pN6f] eof] ls <

– To;f] x}g . hgtfaf6 ph'/L / ;"rgf gcfP;Dd clVtof/n] sfjf{xL ug{ ;Sb}g . clVtof/sf] ;Ldf ;a}n] a'lemlbg' k5{ .

á dGqLx?dfly sfjf{xL ug]{ ;fx; clVtof/;+u 5 t <

– clVtof/;+u ;fx; lsg gx'g] < dGqLx?dfly sfjf{xL ug{{ ca s'g} 5]sjf/ 5}g . s'g} ju{k|lt k"jf{u|x g/fvL sfg'g jdf]lhd h;nfO{ klg sfjf{xL ug{ ;lsG5 .

á clVtof/n] /fhgLlts k"jf{u|x /fv]/ sfjf{xL cufl8 a9fpg] ;Defjgf slt 5 <

– s]xL ;do kv{g' k5{ . dnfO{ s]jn ;fgf sd{rf/L dfly dfq sfjf{xL x'G5 h:tf] nfUb}g, olb To:tf] eof] eg] kSs} Tof] gsf/fTds s'/f xf] . clVtof/n] /fhgLlts k"jf{u|x /fVof] eg] Tof] lgs} 7"nf] b'ef{Uo 7xl/g] 5 . clVtof/sf cfo'Qmx?nfO{ /fhgLlts ?kdf cfu|x, k"jf{u|x /fVg'kg]{ h?/L d b]lVbg . /fhgLlts k|nf]egn] cfo'Qmx?nfO{ c;/ gkfnf{ . xf], sd{rf/Laf6 cfof]udf hfg] dfG5]x? ;/sf/k|lt a9L nf]on x'g] sdhf]/L x'g ;S5, To;nfO{ x6fpg'k5{ . o;df ;'wf/ ug]{ 7fpF 5 . t/ ;/sf/n] h] eG5 ToxL ug]{ eGg] x'Fb}g . sd;]sd d}n] To:tf] cg'ej u/]sf] 5}g .

á t/ clVtof/leq} klg ljZjf;sf] ;+s6 b]lvof], ;"rgf …lnsÚ gxf];\ eg]/ k|d'v cfo'Qm cfkm}+ /flt/flt 5fkf dfg{ uPsf] b]lvof] . o;nfO{ s] eGg'x'G5 <

– hf] k|d'v 5, ;a} lhDd]jf/L p;}sf] x'G5 / c?n] ;xof]u ug]{ eGg] k|a[lQ 5}g . c? egf}+ g]t[Tjsf] ljsf; x'g] / tnaf6 ;xof]u ug]{ efjgf ePg . of] cfd ;d:of xf] . clVtof/ o;af6 kLl8t x'g ;S5 .

á t/ ;"rgf …lnsÚ eof] lg <

– ;"rgf s;n] aflx/ r'xfof], To;dfly t'?Gt} sfjf{xL ug'{k5{ . q'l6 dfG5]af6 x'G5 . d k|d'v cfo'Qm x'Fbf klg Ps b'O{hgf sd{rf/Ln] ;"rgf ‘lns’ u/]sf lyP, rf}jL; 306fd} xfdLn] pgLx?nfO{ cfof]uaf6 aflx/ k7fOlbof}+ . sd{rf/Lx?df sdhf]/L x'G5 . pgLx? ljleGg k|nf]egdf k5{g\ . o;df cfof]u u7gs} klg sdhf]/L 5 . clVtof/df ;/sf/n] h'g sd{rf/L v6fpF5, ToxL hfg] rng 5 . o;sf] 5'§} ;]jfsf] Joj:yf 5}g . k|d'v cfo'Qm jf cfo'Qmsf] 5gf}6sf] dfG5] ToxfF x'Fb}g . ;/sf/n] ultnf] dfG5] k7fpFb}g . sfd gnfUg] dfG5] cfof]udf k7fpg] eGg] dgf]lj1fg ;/sf/df x'G5 . o:tf JolQmsf] ;d"x ToxfF x'G5 . dGqL / ;lrjn] rf;f] g/fVg] / vf;} bIftf gePsf dfG5] k7fpg] ul/G5 . t/ klg clVtof/n] sfd yfn]sf] 5, hgtfsf] bjfj klg ePsf]n] clVtof/ cfkm\gf] cleofgdf ;kmn x'G5 . cfof]un] :ofjf;L kfO/x]sf] 5 .

á s] e|i6frf/ lgoGq0fsf lbzfdf lg0ff{os / k|efjsf/L sbd ;'? ePs} xf] <

– e|i6frf/ eg]sf] dfG5]sf] dgf]efjgfsf] s'/f xf] . ;bfrf/ / e|i6frf/ b'O{ cnu–cnu rl/q ;DaGwL s'/f x'g\ . rl/qdf ;'wf/ Nofpg], dfG5]nfO{ g}ltsjfg agfpg] s'/f tkm{ s;}n] ;f]r]s} 5}gg\ . To;}n] sfjf{xL ug]{ kIfnfO{ dfq ‘kmf]s;’ u/]/ slt dfqfdf e|i6frf/ lgd"{n x'G5 < e|i6frf/ leqaf6 cfpF5 . ;dfltg]x? dfq e|i6frf/L x}gg\ . sfg'gL b[li6n] dfq xf]Og of] ;d:ofnfO{ ;fdflhs b[li6n] klg x]g'{k5{ . g;dfltp~h]n bf]ifL klg lgbf]{if 7xl/G5 . clxn] g]tfx? eG5g\ ls cbfntn] xfdLdfly sfjf{xL u/]sf] 5}g . d k|d'v cfo'Qm x'Fbf rnfOPsf d'2fdf klg w]/} dfG5]x? cbfntaf6 5'6] . () k|ltzt 5'6], sfjf{xL g} ePg .

á To;/L 5'6\g] qmd ca gbf]xf]l/Pnf <

– gbf]xf]l/Pnf eg]/ s;/L eGg ;lsG5 / < t/ klxn] / clxn]df km/s olt xf] ls e|i6frf/ lgoGq0fsf nflu clVtof/nfO{ sfd ug{ ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 . klxnf e|i6frf/Lx?dfly sfjf{xL yfNbf clVtof/n] e|i6frf/sf] k|df0f k]z ug'{kYof]{, clxn] e|i6frf/sf] jft nfu]sfn] cfkm"n] e|i6frf/ gu/L ;DklQ sdfPsf] eg]/ k|df0f k]z ug'{k5{ . e|i6frf/L gePsf] k|df0f k]z ug{ g;s] p;sf] ;DklQ hkmt x'G5 / ;hfFo ef]Ug' k5{ . clxn] clVtof/sf] nflu kl/l:ylt cln pko'Qm 5 . clxn] e|i6frf/ d'2f x]g]{ 5'§} ljz]if cbfnt u7g ePsf] 5 . o;n] ljifout ulx/fO{df k'u]/ d'2fsf] 5fglag ug{ kfpF5 .

á clVtof/s} dfG5] e|i6frf/L ePdf <

– clVtof/sf dfG5] e|i6 5g\ eg] pgLx? dfly klg sfjf{xL rnfpg' k5{ . ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] u/]sf] Pp6f Joj:yf;+u d JolQmut ?kn] ;xdt 5}g . sf]xL klg sfg'geGbf dfly x'g' x'Fb}g . ;a}wflgs lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx?, ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf GofofwLzx?, ;]gfsf dfG5]x? ;a} sfg'gsf] 3]/fdf cfpg' k5{ . s]xL kbflwsf/Ldfly a]Un} sf/jfxL ug]{ e|i6frf/ ;DaGwL h'g ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf 5, To;sf cfwf/df ;jf]{Rrn] ltgLx?dfly sfjf{xL ug]{ lhDd]jf/L clVtof/nfO{ glbg] eg]sf] 5 . To:tf kbflwsf/LnfO{ e|i6frf/sf] sfjf{xL geO{ dxfleof]u nufpg] elgPsf] 5 . dxfleof]u klg kbLo ?kdf cof]Uo ePsf] v08df elgPsf] 5 . d rflx+ s] eG5' eg] e|i6frf/L rfx]+ hf] ;'s} x'g\, ;a}nfO{ clVtof/n] sfjf{xL ug{ kfpg'k5{ . e|i6frf/ x]g]{ lgsfonfO{ g} Tof] lhDdf lbOg'k5{ .

á ax'bn cfPkl5 ePsf] e|i6frf/nfO{ dfq 5fglag ug]{ s'/fn] st} ax'bnLo Joj:yfs} jbgfd ug{ if8\oGq ePsf] t x}g <

– dnfO{ To:tf] nfUb}g . k|hftflGqs Joj:yfdf ;a} :jtGq x'G5g\ . dGqLn] cfkm\gf] clwsf/ :jtGqtfk"j{s ug{ kfpF5g\ . k~rfotsfndf /fhfn] ;a} s'/f x]y]{ . k~rfotsfndf /fhfn] ug]{ lg0f{osf] clwsf/ clxn] dGqLx?nfO{ 5 . dGqL ;fwf/0f hgtfsf] 5f]/f x'g] / k|zf;lgs cg'ej gx'g] ePsf]n] ;fwf/0f q'l6 x'g' :jfefljs xf] . t/ hfgLhfgL e|i6frf/ u/]sf] 5 eg] p sf/jfxLsf] xsbf/ x'G5 . ax'bnLo Joj:yfnfO{ nf]slk|o agfpg ;do nfU5 . ljleGg dtbftfx?nfO{ ;dGjo u/]/ rnfpg] g]t[Tjsf] sdL 5 . e|i6frf/ dfcf]jfbL h'g;'s} ;d:of xf];\, To;sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu Pp6f ;Ifd g]t[Tjsf] vfFrf] 5 . ;Ifd g]t[Tj gePsf sf/0f ax'bnLo Joj:yf abgfd ePsf] xf] . t/ e|i6frf/n] ubf{ ax'bnLo k|0ffnL g} vtd xf] eg]/ d dflGbg . e|i6frf/ klxn] klg lyof] . clxn] v'nfkg a9L ePsf]n] e|i6frf/ klg a9L b]lvPsf] xf] .

á @)$^ ;fn cl3 k}bn lx+8\g] g]tf kh]/f] r95g\, 8]/fdf a:g]x? dxndf a:5g\, s] of] e|i6frf/ xf]Og <

– ca Tof] 5'6 s;}nfO{ 5}g . kh]/f] r9\g] g]tfnfO{ kh]/f] lsGg] k};f sxfFaf6 cfof] eg]/ clVtof/n] ;f]Wg / sf/jfxL ug{ ;S5 . ca g]tfdfly sf/jfxL ug{ jfwf Jojwfg 5}g .

– Clif wdnf

k|wfgdGqLsf] e|d0fsf] /x:o

k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] ljb]z ofqf ljjfbdf k/]sf] 5 . d'n'snfO{ e|ddf kf/]/ blIf0f clk|msfsf] /fhwfgL hf]xfG;ju{df e}/x]sf] lbuf] ljsf; ;DaGwL ljZj ;Dd]ngdf g]kfnsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ / ;fs{sf] ;femf cjwf/0ff;d]t k|:t't ug]{ egL ebf} ( ut] sf7df8f}+af6 bnan ;lxt Totf hfg' ePsf k|wfgdGqL b]pjf a|;]N; / n08gsf] e|d0f u/]/ ;f]daf/ kmls{b} x'g'x'G5 .

k|=d=b]pjf lxhf] a]nfotsf k|wfgdGqL 6f]gL An]o/nfO{ e]6\g nGbg k'Ug'eof] . t/ nGbg k'Ubf ToxfFsf] ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 ljdfg:yndf sf]xL cfPg .

k|=d= b]pjf j]lNhodd} ePsf] a]nf g]kfnnfO{ d2t u/] jfkt ToxfFsf] ;/sf/ ;+s6df k¥of] . xltof/ ;DaGwL k"j{ lgwf{l/t ‘l8n’ j]lNhod ;/sf/sf] g]kfnk|ltsf] ;bfzotfk"0f{ c8fgn] ubf{ ljkmn geP klg b]pjfn] ToxfF ckdflgt x'g' k¥of] . pxfFsf] e|d0fsf] d'Vo p2]Zo g} xltof/sf] sf/f]af/ /x]sf] / blIf0f clk|msf hfg] s'/f jxfgfdfq /x]sf] :ki6 ePsf] 5 . j]lNhoddf k|wfgdGqL b]pjfsf] e|d0f ;'vb\ /x]g . k|=d= b]pjfn] ToxfFsf k|=d= uk e/xf]km\Qbt nufot ljleGg g]tfx?nfO{ e]6]/ g]kfnnfO{ cft+sjfbLx?af6 k|hftGqsf] /Iff ug{ xftxltof/sf] cfjZostf k/]sf] atfpFb} cfkm" k|hftGqsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu k|lta4 /x]sf] / r'gfjsf] a]nf ;+s6sfn g/xg] jrg lbg' ePsf] lyof] . j]lNhod ;/sf/n] ul/j, u[xo'4df km;]sf] tyf clwgfosjfbL b]znfO{ xltof/ ga]Rg] d'n'ssf] 3f]lift gLlt ljk/Lt g]kfn h:tf] ul/j d'n'snfO{ xltof/ ljqmL ug{ u/]sf] lg0f{o æu+eL/ z+sf:kbÆ / cfklQhgs ePsf] cf/f]k hg:jf:Yo Pj+ jftfj/0f dGqfno x]g]{ pkk|wfgdGqL DofUbf Pnef]P6n] k|=d= b]pjf ToxL ePs} a]nf /fhLgfdf lbOg . s'g} klg cltlysf nflu cfkm" ToxL ePsf] a]nf cfkm\gf] b]zl;t ;DalGwt dfdnfdf ;/sf/ leq / ;+;b\df o:tf] ljjfb p7\g' ckdfghgs s''/f xf] . j]lNhodsf k|wfgdGqL e/xf]km\Qfbtsf] g]kfnsf] gjf]lbt k|hftGqk|ltsf] ;b\efjgf, s]xL o'/f]kLo ldqx?sf] ;Nnfx tyf cfkm\gf] k"j{ k|lta4tfn] ubf{ ToxfFsf] ;/sf/ cfkm\gf] c8fgdf sfod} /x\of] . g]kfnn] klg pQm xltof/sf nflu ‘/fd|}’ d"No ltg]{ ePsf]n] klg ToxfFsf] ;/sf/ /fhL ePsf] xf] . g]kfnnfO{ xltof/ a]Rg] lg0f{on] ubf{ j]lNhodsf] ;/sf/ ;+s6df k/]sf] hfgsf/L k|=d= b]pjfnfO{ klxNo} lyof] . ToxfFsf] ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] ;d:ofaf/] >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{ hfgsf/L lbO/x]sf] lyof] . To;}n] k|=d=b]pjfn] pQm xltof/ k|hftGqsf] /Iffsf nflu cfjZos ePsf] cfkm" k|hftGq k|lt k|lta4 /x]sf] / rfF8} ;+s6sfn x6fpg] hfgsf/L lbg j]lNhod hfg' h?/L lyof] . k|=d= b]pjfn] ToxfF uP/ pQm jrg glbPsf] eP j]lNhodsf k|wfgdGqLn] cfkm\gf] k"j{ lg0f{o :ylut ug{ c;Dej lyPg . To;}n] ToxfF hfg sldzg Ph]G6x?sf] tkm{af6 klg k|=d= b]pjf dfly 7"nf] bjfj k/]sf] lyof] . o;sf] sldzgsf] s]xL c+z b]pjfsf] sfG5f ;;'/fn] kfpg] ePsfn] klg pxfFn] olt ?lr lng' ePsf] rrf{ 5 . k|=d= b]pjfsf] of] e|d0fsf] jf:tljs p2]Zosf] ;'O{+sf] w]/}n] kfO;s]sf lyP . pxfF j]lNhodsf nflu k|:yfg ug'{ cl3 kqsf/x?n] of] lh1f;f /fVbf pxfFn] xftxltof/ vl/b laqmL ;DaGwdf cfkm"nfO{ s'g} hfgsf/L gePsf] clego ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

ca dx+uf] d"Nodf j]lNhodaf6 % xhf/ % ;o yfg Pd=Pd= %=%^ gfds cTofw'lgs xltof/ cfpg] kSsf ePsf] 5 . o; k|s/0fdf ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o k|lt cfklQ hgfpFb} j]lNhodsf] ;+o'Qm ;/sf/sf] Ps 36s -lu|g kf6L{_sf] k|ltlglw pkk|wfgdGqL Pj+ :jf:Yo / jftfj/0f dGqL DofUbf Pnef]P6n] /fhLgfdf lbg' ePsf] 5 . lu|g kf6L{n] ;/sf/df cs}{ k|ltlglw k7fP klg ;/sf/ vt/fd'Qm ePsf] 5}g .

zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ cTofw'lgs xftxltof/n] ;';lHht ug]{ s]xL jif{ cl3b]lv rln/x]sf] k|oTgsf] >[+vnfdf of] xltof/ lemsfOPsf] xf] . zfxL ;]gfsf] pRr ;"q cg';f/ cd]l/sfaf6 vl/b ul/Psf] % xhf/ % ;o yfg Pd= !^ gfds /fOkmn g]kfn lelqO;s]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] o; cl3 a]nfotsf] sDkgLaf6 xltof/ lemsfpg] lg0f{o u/L Pn=;L= ;d]t vf]n]sf] lyof] . k/LIf0fsf] ?kdf s]xL xltof/ lemsfOPsf]df kl5 pQm xltof/ Hofb} g} ;+j]bgzLn, vlr{nf] / g]kfnsf] nflu cg'kof]uL 7xl/Psf] lyof] . b/af/n] ;d]t hfFr u/] kl5 klxn] lg0f{o e};s]sf] ;f] xltof/ vl/b ug]{ ljifo :ylut ul/Psf] lyof] . To;}sf] ljsNksf ?kdf cd]l/sfaf6 ;f9] % xhf/ yfg Pd !^ NofO{ ;lsPsf] 5 eg] j]lNhodaf6 ;f9] % xhf/ yfg Pd=Pd=%=%^ gfds xltof/ NofOb}5 .

of] xltof/ lsGg] lg0f{o ut jif{ g} ePsf] lyof] . b/af/n] klg To;nfO{ :jLs[lt lbP kl5 zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] @)%* j}zfvdf xltof/ vl/bsf nflu Unf]an 6]08/ u/]sf] lyof] . cd]l/sf / j]lNhod nufot Oh/fon / hd{gLsf xltof/ lgdf{tf sDkgLx?n] To;df af]nkq xfn]sf lyP . kl5 ;/sf/n] ljz]if1x?sf] /fo cg'?k cd]l/sf / j]lNhoddf lgld{t xltof/ g]kfnsf nflu pko'Qm x'g] 7x/ ub}{ tL b'O{ b]zaf6 oL xltof/ lsGg] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] .

hfgsf/ ;"q cg';f/ ;]gfsf nflu Nofpg nfluPsf] Pd !^, / Pd Pd= %=%^ gfds /fOkmn clxn] ljZjsf &) k|ltzteGbf a9L d'n'ssf ;]gfx?n] k|of]u ul//x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnd} klg /fhb/af/sf] ;'/Iffy{ vl6Psf ;}lgsx?n] Pd !^ xltof/ kfPsf 5g\ . s]xL jif{ cl3 pQ/ P6nflG6s ;lGw ;+u7g -g]6f]_n] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 k"/f u/L o'4df vl6Psf ;}lgssf] cfTd/Iffsf nflu clt pko'Qm x'g] 7flgP/ cd]l/sfsf] cu|;/tfdf ljZjsf % j6f xltof/ pTkfbg /fi6«x?n] ;+o'Qm ?kdf Pd !^ xltof/ agfPsf lyP . bf];|f] ljZjo'4 kl5 cfPsf] P;=Pn=cf/= /fOkmn eGbf Pd= !^ /fOkmn s}of}+ u'0ff /fd|f] dflgG5 . P;=Pn=cf/=sf] tf}n em08} !) s]=hL= a/fa/ x'G5 / Pd !^ Tof] eGbf em08} 8]9 b]lv @ s]hL xn'sf] 5 .

;'/Iff ;DaGwL csf]{ ;"q cg';f/ Pd=Pd=%=%^ / Pd !^ b'j} /fOkmn em08} em08} Ps} k|sf/ 5 . Ps] $& /fOkmn h:t} /x]sf oL b'j} xltof/n] P;=Pn=cf/= /fOkmn eGbf kfFr–5 ;o ld6/ 6f9f;Dd uf]nL xfGg ;lsG5 . hfgsf/x? eG5g\– xltof/sf] Jofkf/df ;a}eGbf a9L sldzgsf] v]n x'g] u5{ . xltof/df #) b]lv $) k|ltzt ;Dd kfOG5 . ljutdf % ;o 8n/ kg]{ xltof/sf] * b]lv ( ;o 8n/;Ddsf] ljn agfpg] u/]sf k|z:t pbfx/0f 5g\ .Æ

xltof/ sDkgLx?n] cfkm\gf Ph]G6x?nfO{ $) k|ltzt;Dd sldzg lbg] ePsfn] xltof/ vl/b laqmLdf klg s/f]8f}+sf] v]n x'g] u5{ . Ph]G6nfO{ sldzg jfkt k|fKt x'g] /sd, xltof/ vl/b ug]{, lg0f{o u/fpg] pRr g]t[Tj tx / pRr clwsf/Lx?;Dd efuj08f x'g] ub{5 . o; k6ssf] xltof/ vl/b ubf{ ;/sf/nfO{ 7"nf] /sd k|fKt ePsf] rrf{ 5 . o;n] cfufdL r'gfjdf ;/sf/L kIfn] ug]{ vr{sf] 7"nf] lx:;f k"lt{ ug]{ rrf{ 5 .

of] ‘8Ln’sf] jf:tljs Ph]G6 /f]lx0fL yklnof eP tfklg k|=d= b]pjfsf lk|okfq æsfG5f ;;'/fÆ k|bLkzDz]/ /f0ff ;+nUg eP kl5 dfq pgLx?sf] sfd ag]sf] a'lemG5 . k|bLk :jo+ lx;fa lstfa ldnfpg k|=d=;+u uPsf lyP . oxL ‘aft’ nfUg] cfz+sfn] cGTodf >LdtL cf/h' b]pjf ghfg] to ePsf] lyof] .

cfhsnsf dGqL !

cfkm" ;fd]n /x]sf] ;/sf/n] u7g u/]sf] cfof]un] cfkm}+ dfly ;DklQ ljj/0f 9fF6]sf] eGg] uDeL/ cf/f]k nufpFb} kq sf6]kl5 clnslt klg g}ltstf ePsf s'g} dGqLn] kbdf al;/xg ldN5 < ;/sf/ ePkl5 b]zsf k|rlnt lgod sfg'g, d"No dfGotf dfGg' kb}{g eGg] k|]/0ff dGq agfpg' ePsf k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf jl/i7 dGqLx?sf nflu o:tf] kq ;fdfGo x'Fbf]/x]5 . dGqL kl/ifb\sf] k|wfgdGqL kl5sf] klxnf] ;"rLdf /xg' ePsf ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqL lr/~hLjL jfUn] x'g' ePsf] 5 . pxfFn] pQm cfof]unfO{ ;DklQ ljj/0f a'emfpFbf w]/} ;DklQ n'sfPsf] 5fglagaf6 b]lvP kl5 pxfF, pxfFsf 5f]/f a'xf/L ;d]tsf gfpFdf b]ze/L /x]sf a}+s vftfx? /f]Ssf /fvL jf:tljs ;DklQ ljj/0f a'emfpg cfof]un] ut z'qmjf/ g} kq sf6]sf] lyof] . To;sf] hjfkm lbg' ;f6f] jfUn]n] ‘cfkm"dfly /fhgLlt’ ePsf] pN6f] cf/f]k cfof]unfO{ nufpg' eof] . pxfF cg';f/ cfkm";+u hDdf ^ nfv ?k}ofF dfq 5 . ef]lnkN6 pxfFn] 5'§} 7fpFdf k|ltlqmof lb+b} o:tf] hjfkm lbg'eof] . t/ cfof]un] dfu]sf] yk ljj/0f eg] pxfFn] lbg' ePg . jfUn]n] klxn]sf] h:tf] ;DklQ ljj/0f lbg' eof] . cfof]u To;dfly 5fglag ul//x]sf] lyof] . ToxL qmddf pxfFsf] ;DklQ ljj/0f v'Ng] u/L oL oL ;DklQx? pxfFn] ljj/0fdf v'nfpg' ePsf] 5 ls 5}g x]g{ egL cfof]u ;fd' Ps bh{g hlt ph'/L k/] . tL ph'/L / pxfFsf] Tof] ljj/0f x]bf{ k|f/lDes txdf g} pxfFn] 9fF6]sf] b]lvPkl5 cfof]un] jfUn]nfO{ To:tf] kq k7fpFb} pxfF / pxfFsf kl/jf/sf gfpFdf /x]sf b]ze/Lsf vftfx? tTsfn /f]Sg / vftf ePsf 7fpFsf a}+saf6 vftf dufpg] sfd ;'? ePsf] atfOG5 .

dGqL jfUn];+u ^ nfv dfq} xf]nf t < Pp6f ;fdfGo gful/s klg of] s'/f kTofpg tof/ 5}gg\ . pxfFnfO{ glhsaf6 lrGg]x? klg of] ;'Gbf xfF:5g\ . jfUn] s]xL cl3 dfq Pp6f sfddf sl/a ^ s/f]8 n]gb]gdf ;+nUg x'g' ePsf] eGg] ;fj{hlgs ePsf] lyof] . cfkm\gf dftxtsf sd{rf/L / cfkm\gf 5f]/f dfkm{t xf]6]ndf ;/sf/L ‘sfh’ ul/Psf] ;DaGwdf ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] 5fglag u/]/ k|f/lDes txd} clgoldt / z+sf:kb sfd egL dlGqkl/ifb\nfO{ ;f] sfd /f]Sg kq n]Vb} kmfOn clVtof/df k7fPsf] lyof] . clVtof/n] klg yk 5fglag u/]/ k|wfgdGqLb]lv ljefu;Dd kq n]vL dfkb08 pNn+3g ug{ vf]lhPsf] 7x/ u/]sf] lyof] . Pp6f ljb]zL kf6L{nfO{ Pp6f 7]Ssf lbg] qmdsf 36gf x'g\ oL . b]zsf] s"n ah]6sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] c+z nufgL x'g] dGqfno xf] of] . of] dGqfnonfO{ jfUn]n] cfkm}+ /f]Hg' ePsf] lyof] .

jfUn] g]kfnL sf+u|]; b]pjf v]dfsf] pk;efklt klg xf] . r'gfjdf hfg] / lhTg] klg bfjL ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf ;DklQ 9fF6]sf] Tof] klg pRr :t/Lo cflwsfl/s cfof]udf of] ;fgf] ljifo xf]Og . cfof]un] kq n]Vgf;fy pxfFn] /fhLgfdf lbP/ :jtGq 5fglagsf nflu af6f] vf]lnlbg] ;xof]u ug'{ xf]nf eGg] w]/}n] 7fg]sf lyP . t/ pxfF cfof]un] To;/L a}+s vftf /f]Ssf u/L ;DklQ 9fF6]sf] cf/f]kdf kq sf6]sf] t];|f] lbg k|wfgdGqL b]pjfaf6 sfo{jfxs k|wfgdGqL agfOg' eof] . e|i6frf/ jf g}ltsx? sfddf ;/sf/sf] wf/0ff s] /x]5 eGg] of] kl5Nnf] pbfx/0f xf] . pxfF cfof]un] o:tf] kq sf6] kl5sf] of] xKtf e/L k|wfgdGqLsf] sfd ug]{ JolQmsf ?kdf g} x'g'x'G5 . cfof]usf] ;"q cg';f/ To;/L jfUn]n] ;uf]nsf] ;DklQ 9fF6\g' kg]{ sf/0f ;f]Wb} o;/L kq n]lvPsf] xKtf lbg;Dd klg pxfFn] cfof]udf ;Dks{ /fVg' ePsf] 5}g . ;"q eG5 Tof] ljj/0fdf dGqL jfUn]n] ;uf]ndf /x]sf cfkm\gf 5f]/f a'xf/L dfq xf]Og cfkm\gL >LdtLsf] klg pgn] k|of]u u/]sf u/uxgfb]lv pgsf gfddf ePsf s'g} klg rn, crn ;DklQ b]vfpg' ePsf] 5}g . cfof]un] tof/ kf/]sf] kmf/ddf eg] Tof] ;a} clgjfo{ ?kn] v'nfpg' k5{ . ;"qs} cg';f/ dGqL jfUn] o;/L klG5g' eP klg cfof]udf k/]sf ph'/Ln] w]/} s'/f hfFra'em ug{ ;lsG5 .

ljwfg adf]lhdsf b:tfj]h dfq} cflwsfl/s x'G5g\

g/xl/ cfrfo{, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o g]=sf=

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] kbflwsf/Lsf] cflwsfl/stf ;DaGwL ljjfbnfO{ lgjf{rg cfof]un] b'O{ dlxgfeGbf a9L ;dob]lv ljrf/fwLg /fv]/ d'n'ssf] ;du| /fhgLltnfO{ g} cGof}n / clgZrok"0f{ agfPsf] 5 . To;dfly k|ltlglw;efsf] lgjf{rg ldlt @)%( sflt{sdf tf]lsO;s]sf] kl/l:yltdf o; clg0f{on] lgjf{rg ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ultljlwnfO{ g} låljwfk"0f{ / ;+s6u|:t kf/]sf] 5 . l9nfO{sf ;DaGwdf lgjf{rg cfof]un] cl3 ;f/]sf ts{x? ljZj;gLo, ljlw cg's"n / ts{k"0f{ klg b]lv}gg\ . lgjf{rg ;DaGwL Joj:yfn] ubf{ ;Qf?9 bnsf] cflwsfl/stf ;DaGwL ljjfb 6'+Uofpg ;do k|fKt x'g g;s]sf] eGg] ts{n] lgjf{rg cfof]usf] ul/dfnfO{ emg\ sdhf]/ kfl//x]sf] 5 .

l g]kfnL sf+u|]; ;DaGwL ljjfb s]jn kf6L{sf] cfGtl/s ;d:of dfq /x]g . d'n'ssf k|d'v !) kf6L{x?sf] ebf} !@ ut] ;DkGg ;j{bnLo a}7sn] o; ljifonfO{ u+eL/ rf;f] / lg0f{osf] ljifo agfpg'n] klg o;sf] /fli6«o k|efjsf] kIfnfO{ /fd|};+u b]vfpF5 . b'O{ lbg cl3 dfq lgjf{rg cfof]un] sf+u|];sf] cflwsfl/stf ;DaGwL ljifo sfg'gL dfq} geP/ /fhgLlts klg ePsf] / cfof]usf] sfd ‘/fhgLlts kl/0ffd / Jofjxfl/s kIfnfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fv]/ ;DkGg ug'{kg]{’ eGg] wf/0ffaf6 lgjf{rg cfof]u emg\ a9L ljjfbdf kg]{ ;Defjgf a9]/ uPsf] 5 . lgZro g} sf+u|]; ljjfbsf] /fhgLlts kIf / o;sf] Jofjxfl/s kIf klg 5 t/ cfof]un] lg0f{o ubf{ ;+ljwfg P]g / kf6L{ ljwfgnfO{ dfq} ;dfTg ldN5 cyf{t\ sfg'gL cfwf/ dfq} lng ldN5, c? af6f] ;dfTbf lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug]{ qmddf ug'{kg]{ cGo lg0f{osf nflu ;d]t sl7gfO pTkGg x'g]5 . lgjf{rg cfof]usf] jt{dfg cndnn] cfof]u ljlwsf] zf;g / xfd|f] ;+ljwfgn] ljz]if dxTj lbPsf] bnLo k4ltsf] ;+/If0f ug{ ;dy{ x'G5 ls x'Fb}g eGg] uDeL/ cfz+sfsf] 3]/fdf klg k/]sf] 5 .

l c;f/sf] klxnf] xKtf -@)%( c;f/ @–%_df k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] ug'{ ePsf uNtLx?nfO{ lgjf{rg cfof]un] hlt g} k|oTg u/]/ klg ldnfpg ;Dej 5}g . lsgeg] k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf;+u pTkGg cfkm\gf] ljjfbnfO{ 6'+Uofpg a}wflgs af6f] ;dfTg klg ;Sg' ePg / /fhgLlts lg0f{o klg ug{ ;Sg' ePg . k|wfgdGqL b]pjf clxn] cfP/ cfkm" / cfkm\gf jlsn dfkm{t\ cfkm\gf] lg0f{o /fhgLlts ePsfn] kf6L{ ljwfgsf ;a} k|lqmof x]g{ gldNg], cfkm"n] kf6L{sf ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof k"/f ug{ klg g;s]sf] ts{ klg /flv/xg' ePsf] 5 . t/ b]pjfsf] /fhgLlts af6f] 7Ls ePg, olb k|wfgdGqL b]pjf /fhgLlts af6f]af6} lx+8\g tof/ x'g'x'GYof] eg] cfkm\gf cfx\jfgdf jfg]Zj/df hDdf ePsf sf+u]|; ;b:osf aLrdf g} gofF sf+u|];sf] 3f]if0ff ug{ ;Sg'kYof]{ . k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhgLlts x}l;otnfO{ ;d]t k|of]u u/]/ pxfFn] cfkm\gf] gofF kf6L{nfO{ b]zJofkL ?kdf :yflkt ug{ c;lhnf] lyPg . sf+u|];sf ;b:o Pj+ ;dy{s / z'e]R5'sx?n] kTofpFbf pxfFsf] kf6L{ sf+u|];s} alnof] pQ/flwsf/L kf6L{ aGg] ;Defjgf klg /xGYof] . of] pxfFsf] /fhgLlts lg0f{o x'GYof] . t/ b]pjfsf] af6f] /fhgLlts z}nLsf] ePg .

k|wfgdGqL b]pjf a}wflgs af6f] klg lx+8\g' ePg . k|hftGq eg]sf] k|lqmof klg xf] . k|lqmof k"/f u/]/ nIoe]bg ug]{ w}o{ ePsf JolQmn] dfq} cfkm"nfO{ k|hftGqjfbL eGg ldN5 . sf+u|]; leq k|lqmof kfngf ePg eGg] u'gf;f] ljutdf klg p7]sf x'g\ / To;sf] g]t[Tj obfsbf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] klg ug'{ ePsf] xf] . t/ o;k6s k|wfgdGqL b]pjf cfkm}+ ljlw / k|lqmofsf] pNn+3g ug]{ sfo{df cu|;/ /xg' eof] . kf6L{n] cfkm"nfO{ sf/jfxL u/]kl5 k|wfgdGqL ePsf] JolQmn] /fhgLlts k/fdz{ jf zlQm k|bz{gsf nflu e]nf af]nfpg' cfkm}+df cg'lrt lyPg . t/ To; e]nfn] /fhgLlgs k|:tfjåf/f cfkm\gf] zlQm k|bz{g ul/;s]kl5 To; zlQmnfO{ j}wflgs k|lqmofdf k|j]z u/fpg' kYof]{ . Tof] af6f] eg]sf] b'O{j6} dfq} lyof] . $) k|ltzt dxflwj]zg k|ltlglw pknAw x'Fbf ljz]if clwj]zg dfu ub}{ kf6L{ sfof{nodf ljlwjt lgj]bg btf{ / @% k|ltzt dfq} pkl:yt ePsf cj:yfdf ;efklt dfly cljZjf; k|:tfjsf] k|:t'lt x'g;SYof] . cfh c9fO{ dlxgf;Dd klg ljifo clgl0f{t 5 t/ cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k|:t't x'Fbf b'O{ dlxgf leq} ;a} s'/f 6'+uf]df k'UYof] . k|wfgdGqL b]pjfnfO{ cfkm"n] lnPsf] af6f] d'n's / hgtfsf] lxtdf 5 / cfkm" unt af6f]df 5}g eGg] cfTdljZjf; lyof] eg] of] af6f] pxfFsf nflu ;jf{lws ;'/lIft / OHhtbf/ x'GYof] . cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj c;kmn x'Fb}df pxfF /fhgLlts ?kdf c;kmn x'g] eGg] klg lyPg . t/ k|wfgdGqL b]pjf b'a} af6f] lx+8\g' ePg . lgjf{rg cfof]un] d'Vo ?kdf lg0f{o lbg'kg]{ ljifo eg]sf] sf+u|];sf] j}wflgs ;efklt sf] xf] < eGg] k|Zgsf] ljlw;Ddt pQ/ vf;u/L k|wfgdGqL b]pjfsf tkm{af6 afg]Zj/ e]nfsf] xjfnf lb+b} ut c;f/ % ut] lgjf{rg cfof]u ;dIf k|:t't kbflwsf/L bfjL ;DaGwL lgjb]gdflysf] lg0f{osf nflu cfof]un] ;dfTg] cfwf/ eg]sf] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$&, k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg P]g @)$& -@)%# df ePsf] ;+zf]wg ;lxt_ / g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ljwfg, @)!& -@)$*, @)%! / @)%& sf] ;+zf]wg ;lxt_ g} xf] . oL ;a} a}wflgs b:tfj]h lgjf{rg cfof]u;+u ljjfb x'g'eGbf klxn]b]lv g} ;'/lIft 5g\ .

clxn] k|wfgdGqL b]pjfsf tkm{af6 sf+u|]; ;efklt kbsf] bfjL ub}{ cl3 ;fl/Psf d"n ts{ o; k|sf/ 5g\—

-!_ ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tf ePsf sf/0fn] / lgjf{rgsf] lg0f{o ug]{ k|wfgdGqL ePsf sf/0fn] ;d]t ljgf kf6L{ / ljgf r'gfj lrGx pxfFn] /fVg ldNb}g ?v lrGxaf6 r'lgPsf JolQmx?sf] g]tf ePsf sf/0fn] ?v lrGxsf] jf:tljs xsbf/ k|wfgdGqL b]pjf g} xf] .

-@_ ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tf kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo sfo{ ;ldltdf kb]g ;b:o ePsf] x'Fbf ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tf /xFbf;Dd kf6L{af6 pxfFnfO{ x6fpg ldNb}g .

-#_ kl5Nnf] ljj/0f g} cflwsfl/s ljj/0f x'G5 . To;}n] k|wfgdGqL b]pjfsf tkm{af6 lgjf{rg cfof]udf a'emfOPsf] ljj/0fnfO{ g} cflwsfl/s dfg]/ lg0f{o ug'{k5{ .

-$_ d'n'ssf] ;+ljwfg adf]lhd rNg' kg]{ k|wfgdGqLn] kf6L{ ljwfgsf] kfngf ug{ ldNb}g . To;}n] kf6L{ ljwfg cg';f/ xf]Og ;+ljwfg cg';f/ lg0f{o ug'{k5{ .

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !!@, !!# / !!$ df /fhg}lts ;+u7gx? ;DaGwL Joj:yf lgjf{rg ;DaGwL btf{ k|lqmof / To;sf d"n cfwf/sf af/]df Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . o;df ;+;bLo bn / bnsf] g]tfsf] kf6L{leqsf] e"ldsf cflbaf/] s'g} pNn]v u/]sf] 5}g . To;}n] lgjf{rg cfof]un] ;f]em} ;+;bLo bn;+u s'g} ;DaGw /fVb}g . ;+;bLo bnsf] ljwfg lgjf{rg cfof]udf a'emfpg] sfg'gL k|fjwfg 5}g . bn Tofu P]g cg';f/ ;+;bLo bnsf] ljlwjt ljefhg ePdf klg To;nfO{ lgjf{rg cfof]u hfgsf/L lng];Dd klg s'g} Joj:yf 5}g . ;+;bLo bnleqsf] ljefhgn] ;+;bLo cEof;sf] k|of]hgdf afx]s /fhgLlts kf6L{sf ?kdf lgjf{rg cfof]usf tkm{af6 s'g} sfg'gL dfGotf kfpFb}g . g]kfnL sf+u|]; ;+;bLo bnsf] ljwfg, @)%! sf] wf/f $ sf] pkwf/f ! cg';f/ c? kf6L{af6 p7]sf jf :jtGq ;f+;bx? klg kf6L{sf] gLlt :jLsf/L ;+;bLo bnsf] ;b:o aGg ;Sg] / tL ;b:o ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tf klg aGg ;Sg] Joj:yfn] ubf{ ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tf ePs} sf/0fn] kf6L{ ;efklt aGg kfpg] jf kf6L{df ljz]if xs :yflkt x'g] s'g} j}wflgs k|fjwfg 5}g .

z]/axfb'/ b]pjf ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tf gx'Fb} kf6L{ ;efkltåf/f dgf]gLt s]Gb|Lo ;b:o x'g' ePsf] xf] . h'g a]nfdf kf6L{sf] cg'zf;g ;ldltn] pxfFdfly sf/jfxL u¥of] To;avt k|ltlglw;ef lj36g eO;s]sf] lyof] . To;jvt k|ltlglw;ef lj36gsf sf/0f k|wfgdGqL b]pjf ;f+;b x'g'x'Gy]g To;}n] ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tf :jtM g/x]sf] cj:yf ag]sf] lyof] . pxfF k|wfgdGqL clxn] klg x'g'x'G5 t/ k|ltlglw;ef ;b:o g/x]sf] sf/0f wf/f #^-!_sf] k|wfgdGqL geP/ wf/f #^-&_ sf] sfdrnfp cyf{t\ csf]{ Joj:yf geP;Ddsf] k|wfgdGqL x'g'x'G5 . ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tf s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltdf kb]g ;b:o x'Fb}df ;efklt klg :jtM x'g] k|fjwfg b]lvb}g .

kl5Nnf] ljj/0f ePs} sf/0f s'g} b:tfj]h cflwsfl/s x'Fb}g . sfg'g adf]lhd 5fglag u/L :jLs[t ul/Psf] ljwfg cg';f/ kf6L{ rn] jf grn]sf] cg'udg / lg0f{o ug]{ sfd lgjf{rg cfof]usf] xf] . To;}n] ljwfg adf]lhdsf b:tfj]h dfq} cflwsfl/s x'G5g\ .

lgZro g} kf6L{sf] ljwfg k|wfgdGqLsf nflu ;f]em} jfWosf/L x'Fb}g t/ /fhgLlts bfloTjsf] laifo aGg] u5{ . t/ kf6L{ ;efklt aGg rfxg]n] klg kf6L{ ljwfg dflGbg eGg ldNb}g . ;efkltsf] cflwsfl/tfsf] 6'+uf] kf6L{ ljwfg cg';f/ g} nufpg' kg]{ x'G5 .