>L % sf] k|ToIf zf;gn] s] ug{ ;Sb5 <

dx]zdl0f bLlIft

g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& n] >L % dxf/fhflw/fhnfO{ /fhsLo ;Qf / sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ cfkm"df /x]sf] 3f]if0ff ug{, k|wfgdGqLnfO{ jvf{:t ug{ / gofF k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm ug{ s'g} clwsf/ lbPsf] 5}g . t;y{ c;f]h !* sf] zfxL 3f]if0ff ztk|ltzt c;+j}wflgs / u}/ sfg'gL 7xb{5 . u}/–;+j}wflgs 3f]if0ff / lgo'lQmsf] cfwf/df k|wfgdGqL x'g' ePsf nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb / dGqLx? klg u}/ ;+j}wflgs 5g\ . To:t} Tof] dlGqd08n / k|To]s dGqLx?sf lg0f{ox? klg u}/–sfg'gL 5g\ . >L % af6 eljiodf x'g ;Sg] ;+ljwfgdf ;+zf]wg jf gofF ;+ljwfgsf] 3f]if0ff klg g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& cGtu{t u}/ ;+j}wflgs x'g]5g\ . ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr jftf{, cGtl/d ;/sf/, hgdt ;+u|x jf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg klg u}/ ;+j}wflgs / u}/ sfg'gL 7xg]{ 5g\ . >L % af6 ;+ljwfgsf] pNn+3g u/]/ To;nfO{ d'l5{t kfl/Psf] l:yltn] ubf{ :jo+ >L % / b/af/sf] klg ;+j}wflgs xs clwsf/ z"Go l:yltdf k'u]sf] 5 . zfxL 3f]if0ff, c;f]h !* nfO{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf r'gf}tL lbg g;lsg] ePsf]n] Tof] 3f]if0ffaf6 lgd[t s'g} klg sfo{, lg0f{o, P]g, sfg'gsf] r'gf}tL cbfntdf ug{ ;lsGg . o; cy{df clxn] :jtGq Gofofno, df}lns xsx?sf] dfkb08 OToflb klg ug{ k'u]sf 5g\ .

o;/L clxn] >L % Psflt/ / csf]{lt/ ;+ljwfg, /fhgLlts kf6L{x? / ;+;bLo ax'bnLo k|0ffnL k/:k/sf] 6Ss/sf] l:yltdf plEeg k'u]sf 5g\ . of] 6Ss/sf] tLa|tf x'Fb} hfg] cj:yfn] ;+ljwfg / ax'bnLo k|hftGqnfO{ gi6 ug'{ lglZrt 5 . k|ToIf ;}lgs zf;gn] /fhtGqsf] cl:tTjdfly g} 7"nf] ;+s6 v8f ug{ g;Snf eGg ;lsGg . ;'/Iff lgsfox?n] o:t} slt lbg / ;do;Dd ;'/Iff lbg ;Snfg\ < cfhsf] 7f]; /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o l:yltdf ;}lgs zf;g cGt/utsf] k|ToIf zf;g slt lbg g} rNg ;Sb5 < /fhf / k|hfaLr a9\bf] 6Ss/n] o;kN6 k|hfx?aLr u0ftGqsf] cfjfh klg a9\b} hfg] lglZrt 5 . u0ftGqsf] dg;fo k|To]s JolQmsf] ;DklQsf] cfo>f]t, To;n] ju{x? / s/x? lt/]sf], glt/]sf] vf]htnf; ug'{ kg]{ cfjfh gp7\nf eGg ;lsGg .

cflv/ /fhtGq, b/jfl/ofnfO{ k|hfx?l;t 6Ss/sf] of] l:yltdf lsg NofOPsf] xf] < s] k|ToIf zf;g g]sfsf ;/sf/x?sf] lghLs/0f, pbf/Ls/0f / e'd08nLs/0fsf] gLlt, 8An'=6L=cf] / ;fkm\6fsf gLltx?nfO{ pN6fpg rfxG5 / ;Sb5 < s] Tof] hUuf :jfldTjsf] xbjGbLnfO{ ^ lauxfdf emf/]/ e"ldxLg, ul/j / blntx?nfO{ hUuf af8\g ;Sb5 < s] To;n] /fHoIf]qdf pBf]ux?sf] ljsf; u/fpg ;Sb5 . s] To;n] kfFr ljsf; If]qdf kfFr k|zf;sLo cbfntx? v8f u/]/ dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]lvt P]g lgodx?sf] pNn+3gsf] lj?4 sfg'gL sf/jfxL ;'? ug{ ;Sb5 < s] To;n] uflj; / lhlj;x?df r'gfj u/fP/ ltgLx?nfO{ :yfgLo ljsf;sf] ofjt lhDd]bf/L lbg ;Sb5 < s] To;n] sfnfkfgL If]qnfO{ lkmtf{ u/fpg, k~r]Zj/ afFw lgdf{0f u/fpg, l;dfgf ljjfb 6'+Uofpg, js{ k/ld6 nfu" u/fpg / g]kfn ef/t l;dfgfdf sf8]bf/ nufpg ;Sb5 . lgsf;L, k}7f/L agfpg, /fh:j a9fpFb} nUg, u|fdL0f cy{tGqdf ultzLntf Nofpg s] b/jf/ cufl8 a9\g ;S5 < s] b/jf/n] ca ;'gsf] t:s/L /f]Sg ;Sb5 . b/jf/l;t a}+sx?sf] 6f6 kN6\ofO{nfO{ /f]Sg s] gLlt 5 < b/jf/ a}+sx?sf] shf{ p7fpg cufl8 a9\g ;S5 <

b/af/af6 pk/f]Qm sfo{x? ug'{ c;+ej 5– lgxLt ju{ :jfy{n] ubf{, hgtfaf6 sfl6Psf]n] xNnfx? v8f ug{ ;lsPnf . t/ ;'wf/x? ug'{ c;+ej 5 . h] h:tf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, k|zf;lgs ;'wf/x? ug]{ 3f]if0ff ul/g]5, hgtfnfO{ zfGt kfg{ / bjfpg, ltgLx?sf] ;Rrf sfof{Gjog u/fpg k|ltkIfL kf6L{x? nfUg]5 . h;n] ubf{ ;'wf/sf] 3f]if0ff / To;sf] sfof{GjogaLr vf8n pTkGg eP/ tLa| ?ksf] e08fkmf]/ x'g]5 . r'gfj ul/Pnf t/ ax'dt Pdfn] / g]sfsf] x'g]5 .

d'Vo s'/f xf] cfh d'n'snfO{ uxg ;dosf] ;'wf/x?sf] cfjZostf 5 . Totflt/ a9\g g;s]sf] / cfkm\gf] b'zf;g Pj+ e|i6frf/n] ubf{ g]kfnL sf+u|]; abgfd eP/ sflt{s @& sf] r'gfjdf Psbd} k/fhLt x'g]jfnf lyof] . s] b/jf/ tL uxg ;'wf/x? ug{, e|i6frf/, sldzgvf]/LnfO{ /f]Sg ;Sg]5 < To;f] x'g' c;+ej 5 . k|]; :jtGqtf / k"0f{ hg;+nUgtf geO{, kf/blz{tf geO{ tNnf] :t/sf] e|i6frf/nfO{ /f]Sg' c;+ej 5 . t/ k|ToIf zf;gnfO{ Tof] ug{ klg hg;dy{g k|fKt x'Fb}g .

dfcf]jfbL xTof, cft+s / ljWj+;, zfxL ;]gfn] lgjf{rgdf ;'/Iff lbg g;Sg] eGg] lbPsf] ;"rgf / k|wfgdGqL b]pjfsf] l;kmfl/;nfO{ lgx'F agfP/ k|ToIf zf;g d'n'sdf nflbPsf] xf] . g]sfsf] !@ aif]{ s'zf;g, e|i6frf/, k|zf;gsf] /fhgLlts/0fsf] lj?4 /fhfåf/f ;+ljwfg, cy{tGq, r]tfjgL, gl;xt lbg ;lsGYof] . t/ To;f] ul/Pg . lsg < tL r]tfjgL lbOPsf] eP To;sf] c;/ kg]{ lyof] ls <

@)%( xf] g]kfn @)!& ;fnsf] g]kfn xf]Og . clxn] g t rLg, ef/taLr o'4 g} 5, g t lzto'4 g} 5 . clxn] ylkb} 5– ;~rf/ / cGt/f{li6«o ;Dks{sf] qmflGt . hgr]tgf ce"tk"j{ ?kdf a9]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLx?n] u/]sf] xTof, cft+s / ljWj+; Pj+ ltgsf] k|efj If]qdf ltgLx?sf] k"0f{ /fhgLlts lg/+s'ztf, bdg, cTofrf/n] ubf{, ltgLx?sf] juL{o / cfly{s gLltx?sf] hglj/f]wL qmflGtn] ubf{ hgtfdf ce"tk"j{ ?k / ax'bnLo k|hftGq, lgjf{rgx? ljs]lGb|t zf;g k4lt, ef}lts clwsf/x? / uxg cfly{s, ;'wf/x?k|lt cfsif{0f a9]sf] 5 .

d'n'ssf] cfhsf] cfjZostf Go"gtd ;+j}wflgs, cfly{s, k|zf;lgs, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts kIfx?nfO{ ;d]6\g] vfnsf] sfo{qmd / Tof] sfo{qmdnfO{ nfu" ug{ /fli6«o ;xdlt cfsif{0f a9]sf] 5 .

d'n'ssf] cfhsf] cfjZostf Go"tgd ;+j}wflgs, cfly{s, k|zf;lgs, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts kIfx?nfO{ ;d]6\g] vfnsf] sfo{qmd / Tof] sfo{qmdnfO{ nfu" ug{ /fli6«o ;xdlt cfhsf] clgjfo{tf /fhf / /fhg}lts bnx?aLr /fli6«o ;xdltdf cfwfl/t sfo{qmd / To;sf] s7f]/ sfof{Gjog . cfhsf] /fli6«o cfjZostf g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] k'g:yf{kgf, ;j{bnLo dlGqkl/ifb\, ;+;bLo / :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] lgjf{rg tyf Tof] lg0f{odf lahoL ePsf] kf6L{åf/f /fli6«o sfo{qmdsf] ;j{bnLo ;xof]udf sfof{Gjog . c? s'g} ljsNk 5}g . d'n'snfO{ lbjflnof x'gaf6, l5GgleGg x'gaf6, åGå / 6Ss/af6 arfpg'sf] lglDt csf]{ ljsNk 5}g . k|r08–afa'/fdsf] af6f] ;z:q åGå, ;/nLs/0f, ljb]zL ;}lgs x:tIf]k, d'n'ssf] l5GgleGgtf / PsbnLo tfgfzfxL u0ftGq :yfkgf ug]{lt/ pGd'v 5 . zfxL 3f]if0ff / k|ToIf zf;g zflGtk"0f{ / ;z:q bdg, ;z:qLs/0f ;+ljwfgsf] e/kbf]{ ;+zf]wg, To;nfO{ j}wflgstf lbg hgdt ;+u|x jf ;+ljwfg;eflt/ pGd'v 5 . ;+;bLo bnx?sf] af6f] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] k'g:yf{kgf, ;j{bnLo ;/sf/, dfcf]jfbLl;t ;j{bnLo ;Dd]ng, ;+;bLo lgjf{rg, ;j{bnLo sfo{qmd / sfof{Gjogsf] zflGtk"0f{ af6f] 5 . of] tLg af6f]dWo] b/jf/ / dfcf]jfbLn] s'g af6f] :jLsf/ ug]{ x'g\ Tof] eljion] lgwf{l/t ug]{5 . ;fy} b/jf/ / ;+;bLo bnx?sf] ;fy lng dfcf]jfbL kIfnfO{ t]>f] af6f]df clgjfo{ ?kdf hfg' lglZrt 5 .

/fhfåf/f q'l6x?nfO{ ;Rofpg' g} kb{5 . To;n] dfq ax'bnLo k|hftGq / /fhtGqnfO{ :yfloTj lbg ;Sg]5 . To;n] dfq dfcf]jfbLnfO{ lg/:q x'g cj;/ lbg]5 . To;n] dfq d'n'ssf] ;z:qLs/0fnfO{ /f]s]/ b]znfO{ ljb]zL ;}lgs x:tIf]kaf6 d'Qm /xg] l:yltsf] ;[hgf ug]{5 / d'n'ssf] cufl8 ljsf;sf cgGt ;+efjgfx?nfO{ vf]Ng]5 . cfw'lgs ;dodf ;fdGtL lg/s'+ztfjfbL dgf]j[lQaf6 cf]tk|f]t b/jfl/ofx? jf u2f/ x'g k'u]sf JolQmx?af6 d'n'ssf] g]t[Tj x'g ;Sb}g . ljsNk k|i6 5 . b/jf/n] s'g ljsNk /f]Hg]5 . To;}n] /fhtGq / k|hftGqsf] :yfloTjnfO{ lgwf{l/t ug]{5 . b/jf/sf] #) aif]{ c;kmntf g} @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] sf/0f xf] . @)$^ ;fnsf] cGt/f{li6«o l:ylt klg hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;kmntfsf] csf]{ sf/s xf] . Tof] /fli6«o–cGt/f{li6«o l:yltdf s]xL klg km/s cfPsf] 5}g . j? k|hftGqsf] nx/ emg\ prfO{df k'Ub}g . b/jf/n] /fhtGqnfO{ ;'/lIft /fvL /xg klg q'l6x?nfO{ ;Rofpg' h?/L 5 .

;+lawfg;efsf] dfu plrt ls cg'lrt <

/fdafa' bfxfn

d'n'sdf pTkGg ljifd kl/l:yltsf sf/0f ljBdfg ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf lglDt ;j}df lrGtf / rf;f] /xg' kg]{ xf] . of] lrGtf / rf;f] eGbf xfdL sxfF cfu|x k"jf{u|xsf] wf/0ff / cleJolQmn] k|d'vtf kfO/x]sf] 5 . of] g} ;j{yf cGof}n / c/fhstfsf] sf/0f xf] . d'n'snfO{ ljifd ;+s6af6 d'Qm u/L gofF / :ki6 lbzfdf cled'v u/fpg' ;a}sf] ;femf st{Ao xf] .

xfdL clxn]sf] ;+s6u|:t If0fdf h] h;/L cfOk'u]sf 5f}+, Tof] cfpFbfsf] If0fdf ;+ufn]sf cg'ejsf cfwf/df sltko lj/fPsf jf6fx?, eO/x]sf sdL, sdhf]/Lx? / ck'u tTjsf] kl/k"lt{ u/]/ gjLgtd\ ;d'Ggltsf] /fli6«o /fhdfu{ lgofNg' clxn]sf] h?/L xf] . g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] ;jf]{Qd lxt / rfxgf zflGt / ;d'Gglt g} xf] . o;tkm{ hfg] jf6f] pb\3fl6t ug]{ ljGb'df xfdL clxn] /x]sf 5f}+ .

oyfl:yltsf] ;+s6u|:t / cGof}nsf] cj:yfsf] lglZrt cGTosf nflu /fli6«o Pstfsf] k|tLs >L % af6 zfxL 3f]if0ff ul/jS;]/ Pp6f kl/j{tg pGd'v kl/l:yltsf] pTklt ul/jlS;Psf] 5 . o; cy{df >L % sf] o; sbdsf] sf/0f lgsf;sf] Pp6f laGb' pkl:yt ePsf] dfGg' kb{5 . casf] uGtJo ;sf/fTds lbzfdf uP lgZro g} ;a}nfO{ dfGo / ;j{u|fxo x'+b} hfG5 cGoyfdf uP To:sf] kl/0ffd b"/ufdL /xFb}g / Tof] s]jn Ifl0fs dfq x'g ;Sb5 eGg] zfZjt dfGotfdf sf]xL s;}sf] ljdlt gxf]nf .

d"ntM /fi6« / hghLljsfsf] efjgf / rfxgfsf] oy]i7 kl/k"lt{n] dfq s'g} klg k4lt jf k/Dk/fut ;+:yf hLjGt /xg ;Sb5 . of] zfZjt k|:tfjgfsf] d"n ljGb'sf] j[Qdf lgofNg] xf] eg] xfdL sxfF ljut !# aif{b]lv cjnDjg ul/b} cfPsf] k4ltn] lg/Gt/tf lgjf{x ug{ ;s]g . o;f] elgbf s'g} k"jf{u|xo'Qm wf/0ffnfO{ cl3 ;fg{ vf]lhPsf] geO{ oyfy{ jf:tljstfnfO{ s6' ;Tosf] ?kdf /fVg vf]lhPsf] ;Dd xf] . lautdf em}+ cGof}n, cNdn, czflGt / c/fhstfnfO{ g} lg/Gt/tf lbO{ /xg'kg]{ eGg] cfu|x ul/g] xf] eg] Tof] emg} eofjx / lj:kmf]6s cj:yf g} dfq cem ljsl;t x'Fb} hfg]5 .

@)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngn] kl/jt{g vf]Hof] . hgtfn] cfkm\gf] ;fj{ef}ldstfnfO{ k/Dk/fut /fhsLo ;Qfjf6 k|dfl0ft u/fpg rfx\of] . Tolt~h]n;Dd k/Dk/fut /fhsLo ;Qfaf6 elgb} cfPsf] nf]s;Ddlt / hgrfxgf cg'?k g} zf;g ;Qf ;+rfng ul/+b} cfPsf] zfxL sygnfO{ k"0f{tofM c:jLsf/ u/L To:nfO{ jf:tljs ?kdf hg;dIf clUg k/LIffdf k|dfl0ft ug{ u/fpg hg cfGbf]ng d'vl/t eof] . o:sf] cGTo geO{ ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] ;dGjo ljGb'df ;Demf}tf eof] . tTsfnnfO{ of] ;Demf}tfn] g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgfnfO{ kl/k"lt{ u¥of] / ;xdltsf] b:tfj]hsf] ?kdf g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& n] Pp6f cfsf/;Dd u|x0f u¥of] .

g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] k|:tfjgfdf @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgfnfO{ k|ltljlDjt u/L ToxL hgcfGbf]ngn] lgb]{lzt u/]sf] /fhg}lts ‘Dof08]6’nfO{ Pp6f lglZrt k4ltsf] ?kdf Joj:yf ug{ vf]lhof] . Tof] Joj:yfsf] ;+j}wflgs cEof; x'Fb} hfFbf sltko c;xhtf / sdL, sdhf]/L dx;'; x'Fb} /x] t/ ltgsf] oyf]lrt ;dfwfg / lgsf; ;lDjwfgtM x'g g;Sg' b'ef{Uok"0f{ lj8Djgf d'n'sn] Joxf]b}{ hfg' k¥of] .

hgtfn] cfkm\gf] ;fj{ef}lds hgflwsf/sf] k|of]usf nflu jf/];d's// ug]{ jflnu dtflwsf/sf] tLg k6s k|of]u u/] . t/ hgtfsf] Tof] jf/];gfdf -;+;b\_ n] slxNo} k"0f{tf kfpg ;s]g . k"0f{ cfo' ljtfpg kfPg . cfkm}+leqsf] cGtWj{+;L rl/q / ;QflnK;fn] ;b}j lsrnf] dfq x'Fb} /x\of] . hghLjLsfsf ofjt b}lgsL ;d:ofdf ;/sf/ / ;+;b\ pbfl;g /x\of] . cGTotM olt;Dd c/fhs l:ylt pTkGg x'g uof] ls hgtfn] cfkm\gf] dtflwsf/ k|of]usf] k'gM cj;/ ;d]t cft+ssf sf/0f aGws x'g k'Uof] / clgZrodf qflxdfd jfFRg' kl//x]sf] 5 .

clxn]sf] cj:yfjf6 kf/ kfpg / gjLgtd\ ;xdltsf] /fli6«o /fhdfu{df hfg s'g} klg cfu|x / k"jf{u|xsf] cndn eGbf ;Dd'gt af6f]sf] cfu|x / clkndf ;j}sf] k|oTg x'g' kb{5 . of] k|oTgsf nflu hfg] dfWod eg]sf] hg;xeflutfsf] /fli6«o cg'i7fg dfkm{t g} xf] . To:tf] /fli6«o cg'i7fg s'g k|Zgdf s]lGb|t ug]{ eGbf s'g} ‘xf]’ / ‘xf]Og’sf] ;/n lg?k0fdf hfg] ;Gbe{ hgtfn] vf]h]sf 5}gg\ . hgtfn] @)$^ ;fndf k/Dk/fut /fhsLo zlQmaf6 zAbfjlndf x:tfGt/0f ePsf] ;fj{ef}lds ;QfnfO{ cem k|dfl0ft ?kdf k|f0f k|lti7f ug]{ cj;/ / To;} cj;/sf] k|of]uaf6 xfn;Dd k4lt / k|j[lQdf /x]sf bf]if efjgfnfO{ d]6fO{ lbg] ;'cj;/ k|fKt ug]{ cg'i7fg vf]h]sf 5g\ . Tof] eg]sf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg dfq x'g ;Sb5 .

cj /x\of] ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu / cfx\jfgdf /fhg}lts j[Qdf /x]sf z+sfn3' z+sf / cfz+sfsf af/]df klg ljj]rgf ul/g' ;fGble{s x'G5 . /fhtGq / ;+;bLo zf;g k|0ffnLsf] lj?4df hgu0ftGqsf] cfkm\gf] dfu / p2]Zosf] cleofgdf ;z:q hgo'4 ub}{ cfO/x]sf] pu|jfbL dfcf]jfbL elgg] Pp6f cft+sdo zlQmn] cfkm\gf] Go"gtd ;xdltsf] ljGb' eg]sf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg x'g ;Sb5 eg]/ cfkm\gf ;fj{hlgs cleJolQmx?df cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 . k|s6 ?kdf pgLx?n] cl3 ;f/]sf] of] dfusf] kl/k"lt{ ug]{ k|lqmofdf /fhf;lxt uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] ;d]t dfunfO{ cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 . zfob lxhf] tLg r/0f jftf{df j;]sf] cj:yfdf ePsf ;Djfbsf] cfwf/df pgLx?sf] clei6 rfxgf / dgf]lj1fg s] /x]sf] lyof] To:sf] oy]i6 hfgsf/L k|fKt u/]sf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf o'jf g]tf g/xl/ cfrfo{ nufotsf ;/sf/L jftf{ 6f]nLn] /fd|};Fu cWoog u/]s} x'g' kb{5 . Tof] jftf{ 6f]nLsf] dWo:ystf{ egf}+ jf ;xhstf{ bdggfy 9'·fgf / kb\d/Tg t'nfw/h:tf JolQmTjx? klg ;+ljwfg;efs} kIfdf cfkm\gf] cledt hfx]/ ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . @)@* ;fndf gS;njfbL cfGbf]ngsf] k|efj / pu| jfd 36sx?sf] lzsf/ jg]sf tTsfnLg dfn]n] @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngdf k|hftflGqs zlQm;+u ;xsfo{ ug{ kfPsf] /f]df~rstfn] cfkm"nfO{ k"0f{tofM ;'wf/]/ ;+;b\jfbL /fhg}lgs j[Qdf lhDd]jf/ 9+un] pkl:yt u/fPsf] pbfx/0f :jo+ g]skf Pdfn] /x]sf] 5b}5 . k"j{ dfn] / pu|jfbL jfdkGyL k|j[lQn] klg cfkm\gf] ljutsf] e"nnfO{ ;RofP/ ;'wfl/Psf] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . To;/L g} ;lDjwfg;efsf] cfdlgjf{rg ;Gbe{df hg;dIf ;j} /fhg}lts zlQmx?;+u} hg;dIf cfkm"nfO{ v'Nnf k|:t't ubf{sf] cg'ejn] klg lgZro g} dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf/L zlQmnfO{ ;'/lIft /fhg}lts cjt/0fsf] cj;/ k|fKt x'g] ck]Iff /fVg ;lsG5 .

;+ljwfg;efdf hfFbf k|ltudg / pu|jfbsf] ;+efljt vt/fjf6 ptl;{Psf] dWodfuL{ /fhg}lts zlQmn] s] x]Ssf /fVg' h?/L 5 eGg] oyfl:yltd} w]/}j]/ cNdlnbfsf] emg\ eofjxnfO{ klg lj;{g' x'Fb}g . gofF kl/l:yltsf] sf/0f pTkGg /fhg}lts w'|ljs/0f k|lqmofdf ;j} /fhg}lts zlQmn] d'n's, k|hftGq / hghLljsfk|ltsf] cfkm\gf] OdfGbfl/tf / k|ltj4tfnfO{ lgi7fk"0f{ kfngf ub}{ /xg] xf] eg] s'g} clgi6 cfpg} ;Sb}g . t/ cfkm}+df cfkm\gf] lgi7fk|lt z+sf / e|d /x]sf] 5 eg] Tof] sfo/tfn] d'n'snfO{ ;xL lbzf lsdfy{ lbg ;Sb}g . /fhg}lts lgsf;sf] h'g s'g} ljGb' cem Tof] klg ;fj{ef}lds hgtf hgfb{gaf6} cflwsfl/s ?kdf cfkm\gf] ;fj{ef}ldstf k|dfl0ft ug]{ /fli6«o cg'i7fg s;/L cg'lrt x'G5 < o;tkm{ oyf]lrt lrGtg u/f}+ .

lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] c? Joj;fo ug{ kfpg] Joj:yfsf] vf“rf]

o'j/fh kf08]

lghfdtL ;]jf P]gsf] ;+zf]wgsf] ljifo g]kfndf lg/Gt/ rrf{df cfO/x]sf] kfOG5 . lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] a9'jf, kbfjlw / clgjfo{ cjsfzsf] pd]/sf ljifox?n] klg lg/Gt/ g} rrf{ kfO/x]sf] kfOG5 . o;/L P]gsf] ;+zf]wgsf] rrf{l;t a9'jf Joj:yfsf] ;+zf]wg s'/f, kbfjlw ;DaGwL Joj:yfsf] ;+zf]wgsf] s'/f / clgjfo{ cjsfzsf] pd]/sf] km]/abnsf] s'/f klg ;fy;fy} ufFl;g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLaf6 ljlzi6 >]0fLdf a9'jf ug]{ sfg'gL k|lqmof / ;f] eGbf tNnf] txsf kbx?df a9'jf ug]{ sfg'gL k|lqmofsf] lgwf{/0f km/s–km/s cfwf/df ePsf] kfOG5 . ljlzi6 >]0fLdf kbx? jfx]ssf kbx?df ul/g] a9'jfdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg, h]i7tf, ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/]sf] cg'ej, z}lIfs of]Uotf / tflndnfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ sd{rf/Lsf] d"Nof+sg u/L a9L c+s kfpg] sd{rf/LnfO{ Ps tx dflysf] kbdf n}hfg] Joj:yf 5 eg] /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLaf6 ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kbdf a9'jf ug{sf] lglDt a9'jf ;ldltn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;IfdtfnfO{ dfq cfwf/ agfP/ l/Qm kbsf] %) k|ltztn] a9L ;+Vofdf pDd]bjf/sf] l;kmfl/z ug]{ / To;/L l;kmfl/z ul/Psf pDd]bjf/x?dWo]af6 >L % sf] ;/sf/n] h]i7tf / pko'Qmtfsf] cfwf/df pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf] pDd]bjf/nfO{ a9'jf ug]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . To;}n] ljlzi6 >]0fL kbdf a9'jf ubf{ sd{rf/Lsf] of]Uotf, tflnd / ef}uf]lns If]qsf] cg'ejsf] s'g} :yfg g/xg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 / Jojxf/df ef}uf]lns If]qsf] cg'ej jfkt cs+n] s'g} txsf] a9'jfdf klg kfg{ g;Sg] u/]sf] jf b'u{d If]qdf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] If]qdf sfd gug]{ sd{rf/Ln] eGbf l56f] a9'jf kfpg g;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . To;}u/L d'Vo;lrj / ;lrjsf] kbfjlw qmdzM tLg jif{, kfFr jif{ x'g] Joj:yf P]gn] u/]sf] 5 . ;]jf k|j]zsf] lglDt tf]lsPsf] z}lIfs of]Uotfn] sfo{Ifdtfsf] d"Nof+sgsf] !!=% k|ltzt c+sef/ / Go"gtd z}lIfs of]UotfeGbf dflysf] ;DalGwt ljifosf] s'g} Ps cltl/Qm z}lIfs pkflwn] #=% k|ltzt c+sef/ kfPsf] b]lvG5 . b'a}yl/ of]Uotfdf t[tLo >]0fLdf pQL0f{ x'g]n] eGbf låtLo >]0fL jf k|yd >]0fLdf pQL0f{ x'g]n] qmdzM cfwf jf Ps k|ltztn] a9L c+s kfpg] / låtLo >]0fLdf pQL0f{ x'g]n] eGbf k|yd >]0fLdf pQL0f{ x'g]n] cfwf c+s a9L kfpg] sfg'gL Joj:yf 5 . ;]jfsfnLg tflnd jfkt >]0fL cg';f/ qmdzM Ps, 8]9 / b'O{ c+s lbg] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] %* jif{sf] pd]/ k'u]kl5 clgjfo{ cjsfz kfpg] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{ Ifdtfsf] d"Nof+sgdf h]i7tf jfkt !$ jif{;Ddsf] k|ltjif{ @ c+ssf b/n] a9Ldf @* c+s lbg] sfg'gL Joj:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . To;}n] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] ;+zf]wgsf] rrf{l;t sd{rf/Lsf] clgjfo{ cjsfzsf] pd]/ yKg] gyKg], d'Vo;lrj / ;lrjsf] kbfjlw yKg] gyKg], z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] >]0fL jfktsf] c+s /fVg] g/fVg] / h]i7tfsf] u0fgf ubf{ !$ jif{;Ddsf] cg'ejnfO{ cfwf/ hgfP/ c+s lbg] jf To;eGbf a9L jf 36L jif{sf] cg'ejnfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ c+s lbg] Joj:yf gofF ;+zf]wgn] u5{ of ub}{g eGg] vfnsf ;jfnx? g} ufFl;g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . b'u{d If]qdf sfd gu/]sf sd{rf/Lx?n] b'u{d If]qsf] cg'ejn] a9'jfdf k|efj kfg{ g;Sg] u/L a9'jf Joj:yfdf ;+zf]wg ug{ vf]Hg], clgjfo{ cjsfzsf] pd]/sf] glhssf] pd]/df k'u]sf sd{rf/Lx?n] To:tf] pd]/sf] a[l4 ug]{ u/L P]gdf ;+zf]wg ug{ plrt x'G5 eGg] ts{ ug]{, k|yd jf låtLo >]0fLsf] z}lIfs pkflw gePsf sd{rf/Lx?n] z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] pkflw jfktsf] c+s x6fpg] u/L a9'jfsf] Joj:yfdf ;+zf]wg ug{ cfjZos u/]sf], k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffsf] cfwf/df x'g] a9'jf Joj:yfaf6 cfkm"nfO{ kmfObf gx'g ;S5 eGg] ljrf/ /fVg]x?n] To:tf] k/LIffsf] cfwf/df a9'jf ug]{ sfg'gL Joj:yfnfO{ x6fpg' k5{ eGg] ts{ ug]{ jf ug{ ;Sg], kbfjlw tf]lsPsf] kbdf /x]sfx?n] To:tf] kbfjlwdf yk ug]{u/L P]gdf ;+zf]wg ug'{k5{ eGg] / kbfjlw tf]lsPsf] kbdf gk'u]sfx?n] To:tf] kbfjlwdf yk ug]{u/L ;+zf]wg ug{ cg'ko'Qm 7x¥ofpg] h:tf s'/fnfO{ klg ;fdfGotofM :jfefljs ?kdf g} lng] ul/Psf] 5 . lghfdtL ;]jf P]gsf] ;+zf]wgsf ljifodf clxn] eO/x]sf] rrf{ kl/rrf{x?df klg clgjfo{ cjsfzsf] pd]/, kbfjlw, a9'jf k4lt, z}lIfs of]Uotf tyf h]i7tf / ef}uf]lns If]qsf sfd u/]sf] cg'ej jfktsf] c+s h:tf] Joj:yfx?df s] s:tf] ;+zf]wg ug{ cfjZos 5 of 5}g eGg] s'/fn] g} dxTj kfPsf] b]lvG5 . To;}n] sd{rf/Lsf] tnj b/, tna a[l4 / sd{rf/Ln] ug{ kfpg] jf gkfpg] sfo{ jf Joj:yf ;DaGwL sfg'gL Joj:yf h:tf lghfdtL ;]jf P]gdf ePsf cGo s'/fx?sf] ;+zf]wg ug{ cfjZos 5 ls 5}g eGg] ljifon] ljutdf em}+ clxn] klg vf; gkfPsf] jf kfpg g;s]sf] b]lvG5 .

s'g} JolQmsf] hLjg a9L c;lhnf] x'Fbf p;sf] Wofg To:tf] c;fwf/0f sfd u/fpg]lt/ hfg] s'/fhfO{ c:jfefljs dfGg ;ls+b}g . d"Noa[l4sf] sf/0fn] sd tnasf] qmozlQm k|To]s jif{ 36\b} hfg] s'/fnfO{ klg c:jLsf/ ug{ ;lsb}g . o;af6 sd{rf/Lsf] qmozlQm 36]kl5 sd{rf/L cfkm\gf] sfdk|lt klxn] hlt hf+ul/nf] gx'g ;S5 . To;}n] ;+;f/sf w]/} b]zx? lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] kfpg] tna ;'ljwfdf d"Noa[l4sf] b/ cg';f/sf] b/df jif]{gL a[l4 ug]{ gLltsf] cjnDag u/]sf] kfOG5 . lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] qmozlQm ;fk]lIft ?kn] 36\6} uof] eg] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf klg k|lts"n k|efj kg{ ;S5 eGg] ljifon] g]kfndf ;d'lrt dxTj kfPsf] 5 eGg] cj:yfsf] l;h{gf x'g ;s]sf] b]lvb}g . lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] qmozlQmdf sdL cfpg glbgsf] lglDt w]/} k|sf/sf pkfox? ckgfpg ;lsG5 . d"Noa[l4sf] 8/df tnj ;'ljwfdf ^÷^ dlxgfdf jf Ps Ps jif{df a[l4 ub}{ hfg] s'/fnfO{ Pp6f pkfosf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 eg] sd{rf/LnfO{ cfocfh{gsf cGo j}w cj;/x? pknAw u/fpFb} hfg] s'/fnfO{ csf]{ pkfosf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . g]kfndf oL b'O{dWo] s'g} klg pkfosf] /fd|f];+u cjnDjg x'g ;s]sf] kfOb}g . xfd|f] b]zdf sd{rf/Lsf] tnj ;'ljwf d"Noa[l4sf] cg'kftdf k|To]s jif{ a[l4 x'g] vfnsf] l;4fGtsf] cjnDag ePsf] kfOb}g / sd{rf/LnfO{ cfocfh{gsf cGo j}w cj;/ pknAw u/fpg] of] s'/fdf Wofg lbg] sfd klg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . sfdsf] ;do tf]s]/ ;f] ;doeGbf afx]ssf] ;dodf sd{rf/LnfO{ :jtGq ?kn] cGo Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug]{ cj;/ pknAw u/fpg] sfo{nfO{ g} sd{rf/LnfO{ cfocfh{gsf] cGo j}w cj;/ pknAw u/fpg] sfdsf] ?kdf lng'k5{ eGg] s'/f :ki6 g} 5 .

lghfdtL ;]jf P]g bkmf $* sf] pkbkmf -!_ n] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt glnO{ s'g} a}+s jf sDkgLsf] :yfkgf, /lhi6«]zg jf ;~rfngsf] sfddf efu lng k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd btf{ u/fpg' kg]{ s'g} Jofkf/ jf Joj;fo ug{ jf cGoq s'g} k|sf/sf] gf]S;fg :jLsf/ ug{ gx'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;f]xL P]gsf] pkbkmf -@_ n] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] gLlt ljk/Lt gx'g] u/L ;flxlTos a}1flgs jf snfTds sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . t/ ;flxlTos a}1flgs / snfTds sfo{nfO{ ;f] P]gn] :ki6 ?kn] kl/eflift u/]sf] b]lvb}g . g]kfnL a[xt\ zAbsf]zn] ;flxTosf ljleGg cy{x? lbPsf] kfOG5 / s'g} b]z jf hfltsf] Jofjxfl/s jf efjgfTds ljifo ;DaGwL u|Gy, n]v cflbnfO{ Pp6f cy{sf] ?kdf pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . ;f] zAbsf]zn] ef}lts ljifosf] tTj, l;4fGt cflbsf] k|of]ufTds ljj]rgf u/L zf:q, ljlzi6 1fg cflbnfO{ lj1fgsf] ?kdf kl/eflift u/]sf] 5 . lj1fgnfO{ klg ;fdfGo lj1fg / ;fdflhs lj1fg egL b'O{ v08df ljefhg ug]{ rng 5 . ef}lts lj1fg, /;fog lj1fg, hLj lj1fg cflbnfO{ ;fdfGo lj1fgsf xfFufx?sf] ?kdf lnOG5 eg] cy{zf:q, /fhgLltzf:q, ;dfhzf:q, k|zf;g, Joj:yfkg, wd{;+:s[lt cflbnfO{ ;fdflhs lj1fgsf ljleGg xfFufx?sf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . To;}u/L s'g} klg sfd /fd|f]l;t ug]{ ;LknfO{ snf elgG5 . To;}n] s'g} klg sfo{ cfsif{s 9+un] ul/G5 eg] To:tf] sfo{nfO{ snfTds sfo{ eGg ;lsG5 . To;}n] s'g} klg ljifosf] cWoog tyf n]vgsf] sfo{nfO{ ;flxlTos / j}1flgs sfo{sf] ?kdf lng ldNg] / s'g} klg sfo{ cfsif{s 9+un] ;Dkfbg ul/Psf] 5 eg] To:tf] sfo{nfO{ snfTds sfo{sf] ?kdf lng ldNg] b]lvG5 . To;}n], s'g} lghfdlt sd{rf/Ln] sfg'g adf]lhd btf{ u/fpg gkg]{ vfnsf] Jofkf/, Joj;fo ug{ kfpg] / s'g} ;+3 ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 cWoog, cg';Gwfg / n]vgsf] sfd ug{ kfpg] b]lvG5 eg] btf{ u/fpg kg]{ vfnsf] Joj;fo jf Jofkf/ ug{ gkfpg] / s'g} a}+s jf sDkgLsf] :yfkgf, /lhi6«]zg jf ;~rfngsf] sfd >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ :jLs[lt glnO{ ug{ gkfpg] b]lvG5 . s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] csf]{ s'g} ;+:yf jf lgsfosf] s'g} kbdf /x]/ sfd ug{sf] lglDt >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] s'g} lgsfodf btf{ u/fpg' kg]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf clxn] /x]sf] 5}g . To;}n] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] sfof{no ;doeGbf afx]ssf] ;dodf s'g} ;+:yf jf lgsfosf] s'g} kbdf c:yfoL jf :yfoL lgo'lQm lnP/ sfd ug{sf] lglDt klg >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ :jLs[lt lng kb}{g eGg] lgisif{df klg k'Ug ;lsG5 . csf+{lt/ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] csf]{ s'g} ;+:yfsf] ;femFFsfnLg jf k|eftsfnLg sd{rf/Lsf] ?kdf sfd ug{ jf s'g} klg k|sf/sf] Joj;fo ug{sf] lglDt >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt rflxG5 eGg] ts{ klg ug]{ ul/G5 . To;}n] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt glnO{ ug{ kfpg] / gkfpg] sfdnfO{ :ki6 ?kn] kl/eflift ug]+{ sfd ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 .

;Lk, Ifdtf / 1fg 5 eg] sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] sfof{no eGbf afx]ssf] ;dodf ;j{;fwf/0f g]kfnLn] ug{ kfpg] s'g} klg Joj;fo jf Jofkf/ ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf ubf{ /fi6«nfO{ s'g} gf]S;fg x'Fb}g, kmfOb} x'G5 . s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] sfg'g adf]lhd btf{ u/]/ s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf vf]N5 eg] klg To;af6 /fi6«nfO{ gf]S;fg x'g] b]lvb}g . >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] cg'bfgaf6 ;~rfng eO/x]sf] :jfoQ ;+3, ;+:yf / lgsfodf sfo{/t sd{rf/Ln] ug{ kfpg] Jofkf/ jf Joj;fo lghfdtL sd{rf/L / ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgsf sd{rf/Ln] ug{ gkfpg] sfg'gL Joj:yf ubf{ To:tf] Joj:yf Gofof]lrt ;d]t x'Fb}g . /fi6«n] sd{rf/LnfO{ kl/jf/ kfNg k'Ug] hlt tna ;'ljwf lbg g;ls/x]sf] cj:yfdf sd{rf/Ln] sfof{no ;do aflx/sf] ;dodf c? Joj;foL ug{ kfpg] :jtGqtf lbg] xf] eg] ;'zf;gsf] :yfkgf ug]{ p2]ZonfO{ Jojxf/df ptfg]{ lbzfdf ;d]t d2t k'Ug] b]lvG5 . t;y{, s'g} klg g]kfnL gful/sn] sfg'g cg';f/ ug{ kfpg] s'g} klg Jofkf/ / Joj;fo lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] ;/sf/L sfof{no rNg] ;doeGbf afx]ssf] ;dodf ug{sf] lglDt >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt cfjZos gkg]{ tyf To:tf] s'g} klg Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug]{ sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug{ ;'? u/]sf] Ps dlxgfleq cfkm\gf] sfof{nodf To:tf] lnlvt hfgsf/L lbg] sfo{nfO{ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] st{Josf] ?kdf kl/eflift ug]{ u/L lghfdtL ;]jf P]g / lgodfjnLdf ;'wf/ ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 .