b]pjfnfO{ 9fNg] cleofg rls{g]
sf]O/fnf k|ltkIf;+u ldn] ljb|f]x x'g] M e|i6frf/ 5fglag ug{ cfof]u aGg]

;/sf/n] @)$^ ;fn otf dxTjk"0f{ kbx?df a;]sf JolQmx?sf] ;DklQ hf“r u/L j}wflgs ;|f]t gv'n]sf] ;DklQ hkmt\ ug{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf GofofwLzsf] cWoIftfdf pRr :t/Lo / zlQm;DkGg cfof]u u7g ug]{ ePsf] 5 . jxfnjfnf GofofwLznfO{ s'g} cfof]udf lgo'Qm ubf{ >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] :jLs[lt rflxg] x'"bf ;/sf/n] lxhf] g} o; ;DaGwL k|lqmof cufl8 a9fPsf] 5 . t/ k|wfgdGqL kbaf6 z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ x6fpg] cleofg s]xL lbgleq c? rls{g] ;Defjgf 5 .

;+;b\sf ;a} ljkIfL kf6L{x? k|=d=af6 b]pjfnfO{ x6fpg] ;Gbe{df ;Qf?9 bnsf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf;+u ;xdltdf k'u]sf] rrf{ Jofks ePsf] 5 . g]sf ;efklt sf]O/fnfsf] g]t[Tjdf efjL ;/sf/sf] :j?k;d]t alg;s]sf] atfOG5 . ljkIfL bnsf g]tfx? g} To:tf] ;/sf/ aGg} nfu]sf] bfjL ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] egfO 5– k|ltkIfL bnn] ;+s6sfnsf] cg'df]bg ugf{;fy b]pjfnfO{ x6fP/ ;a} k|ltkIfLx?nfO{ ;fd]n u/fP/ /fli6«o ;/sf/ agfOg] ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . k|ltkIfL bnsf g]tfx?n] To:tf] ;/sf/df ;fd]n x'g cfkm\gf kf6L{sf tkm{af6 gfp" ;d]t k|:tfj ul/;s]sf lyP . ;Qf kl/jt{gsf] of] cEof; clxn] klg pRr:t/ d} sfod /x]sf] / To;sf] k[i7e"lddf æ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgÆsf] ljifonfO{ cl3 ;fl/Psf] g]sf / Pdfn]aLr ;xdltePdf ;+;bsf] b'O{ ltxfO{ dt k'Ug] ePsfn] Pdfn] sf+u|];leqsf] u'6jGbLnfO{ pkof]u ub}{ sf]O/fnfnfO{ xftdf lnO{ cfkm\gf] cg's"n ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] cfzf ub}{ To;sfnflu k|of;/t 5 . ;+efljt ;+zf]wgdf æ/fli6«o ;/sf/Æsf] klg k|fjwfg /fVg] / tbg'?k ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg u/fO cfkm" æ/fli6«o ;/sf/Ædf ;fd]n x'g] bfp Pdfn] g]tfx?sf] 5 . To;}n] pgLx? l5§}eGbf l56} ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] k|:tfj Nofpg ;/sf/nfO{ bjfj lbO/x]sf 5g\ .

;Qf kl/jt{g ePsf] ;dfrf/ cfpg ;Qm5 . oBlk ;Qf?9 bndf rflx+ ;Qf kl/jt{gsf] of] v]nn] sf+u|];leqsf] u'6aGbLsf] vf8n emg\ rls{g] cj:yf 5 . of] a]nf ;/sf/l;t sf]xL ;Gt'i6 5}gg\ . t/ cfkm\gf] k"0f{ ax'dt x'"bfx'"b} k|ltkIfLnfO{ ;fd]n u/]/ sf+u|];n] ;Qf rnfpg] s'/fdf sf+u|];leqsf tTsfn nfe kfpg] s]xL ;Lldt JolQm afx]s af“sL sf]xL klg tof/ 5}gg\ . o;aLr ;Qf?9 bnsf ;efklt / k|d'v k|ltkIfL nufotsf k|ltkIFLx?df :j/ / zAb Pp6} ?ksf x'g] u/]sfaf6 ;Qf?9 bnsf ;efkltn] k|ltkIfL bnnfO{{ …s]xL g s]xLÚ jrg lbg'ePsf] cfefif lat]sf 36gfx?n] lbPsf 5g\ . sf+u|];sf w]/} sfo{stf{ / o;sf z'elrGtsx?n] of] s'/f a'lem;s]sf klg 5g\ . ;+s6sfn cg'df]bgsf ;Gbe{df ;/sf/L kIfsfx?n] s]=;=sf] a}7sn] kf6L{nfO{ cGo k|ltkIfLx?nfO{ klg ;xdt u/fpg clkn hf/L ug'{k5{ egL bjfj lbg' k/]sf] lyof] . kf6L{ ;efkltn] Tof]a]nf …d ;a};+u s'/f u5'{Ú eGg] jrg klg lbg'eof] . t/ cGTodf ;efklt :jod\n] ;/sf/L kIFaf6 ul/Psf] o:tf] cg'/f]w adf]lhdsf] s'g} lg0f{o lbg rfxg' ePg . w]/} 7"nf] bjfj / 3]/faGbL kl5 dfq ;+s6sfnsf] cg'df]bgsf nflu ;a} kf6L{;+u cg'/f]w ug]{ eGg] lg0f{o eof] . lg0f{o sfof{Gjog klg eof] . t/ sf+u|];n] …;a} kf6L{;+u ;+s6sfn cg'df]bg ug{ clkn ug]{Ú eGg] lg0f{o u/]kl5 k|wfgdGqLn] cfof]hgf ug'{ ePsf] ;j{bnLo a}7sdf kf6L{ ;efklt sf]O/fnfn] kf6L{sf] k|ltlglw egL k7fPsf JolQmn] g} ;/sf/nfO{ zlQmljxLg / t]hf]aw x'g] u/L s'/f /fv]kl5 ;Qf?9 bnsf sf/0f g} Tof] a}7s lgisif{xLg cyf{t\ clg0f{o d} 6'+luof] . ;Qf?9 bnsf tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{ JolQmn] …;/sf/n] kf6L{sf] ;xdlt j]u/ s'g} klg cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts / k|zf;lgs h:tf ljifodf ;'wf/sf s'g} k|:tfj k|:t't ug{ gkfpg] egL kf6L{n] lg0f{o u/]sf] ljj/0f /fVb} of] a}7snfO{ lg0f{o / lgisif{ljxLg t'Nofpg' ePsf] lyof] . t/ 7Ls o;sf] ef]lnkN6 kf6L{ ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] ;+;b\df cfkm\gf] efif0fsf qmddf cl3Nnf] lbg ;/sf/nfO{ h'g s'/fdf /f]s nufOPsf] lyof] ToxL ljifo– cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts / k|zf;lgs ;DaGwL ljleGg k|:tfj /fVg'sf ;fy} k|ltkIfLn] p7fPsf dfu / k|:tfjnfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf ;dy{g hgfpg' eof] . kmn:j?k k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] cfkm\gf] ;efkltsf] Tof] efif0fkl5 k"j{ tof/Lsf] dGtJo g} abNg' k/]sf] lyof] . ;efkltn] AoQm u/]sf s'/f ;Qf?9 bnsf tkm{af6 ljkIfLnfO{ lbPsf cfZjf;g adf]lhd k|wfgdGqLn] klg s]xL gof“ sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug'{kYof]{ . k|=d= b]pjfn] d'6'dfly 9'+uf /fv]/ Tof] jrg lbg'eof] .

;Qf kl/jt{gsf] rrf{ ;+s6sfn cg'df]bg x'g'eGbf cl3 klg grn]sf] xf]Og . kf6L{ ;efkltsf] cf8df a;]/ To;a]nf klg ;/sf/ abNg] 7"n} cEof; ul/of] . ;/sf/lj?4 ;f+;bx?sf] x:tfIf/ a6'Ng] sfd To;}a]nf yflnPsf] lyof] . ;+s6sfn 3f]if0ff ePsf] s]xL ;dokl5 b]lv g} ;/sf/k|lt ;f+;bx? ?i6 x'g yfln;s]sf lyP . t/ To:tf] a]nfdf a6'lnPsf] x:tfIf/df klg ;/sf/ kl/jt{g ug{ rflxg] ;+Vof k'u]g . k|wfgdGqL b]pjfsf] sfo{z}nL;+u ;fj{hlgs ?kaf6} c;Gt'li6 JoQm ug]{dWo]sf 7"nf] ;+Vofsf ;f+;bx? klg Tof] cleofgdf ylkPgg\ .

kf}8]nsf 7fp"df uf]ljGb/fh hf]zL a:g'eof] . k|=d= z]/axfb'/ b]pjf kb]g ;b:o h:tf] u/L /flvg' eof] . cyf{t\ pxf“ ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tf / k|wfgdGqL kbaf6 x6]sf v08df of] ;ldltsf] ;b:o klg /xg] xf] ls xf]Og eGg] sf+u|];sf sfo{stf{n] cem} a'em\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ;ldltaf6 v'daxfb'/ v8\sf lsg x6\g' eof] < Pp6f sf+u|];Ln] csf]{ sf+u|];L;+u k|Zg ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . ;"q cg';f/, v8\sfn] cl3Nnf] r'gfjdf l6s6 lbnfPsf JolQmx? clxn] klg ;/sf/nfO{ ;fy lbO/x]sf 5g\ . tL JolQmx? v8\sfn] hxf“ eGof] ToxL ;xL ug]{ / To;n] kf6L{leq v8\sfsf] Pp6f 5'§} u'6 ag]sf] dx;"; x'g yfn]sf] lyof] . v8\sf u'6df nfu]sf tL ;f+;bx?sf] eljionfO{ /fhgLlts ?kdf c;'/Iffsf] af]w u/fpg v8\sfnfO{ x6fOPsf] xf] . /fdrGb| kf}8]n lsg x6] < sfo{stf{aLr pgsf af/] klg s]xL l6Kk0fLx? x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . kf}8]nn] kl5Nnf lbgdf h:tf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{eof] To;af6 ;/sf/L / kf6L{ v]dfsf b'j} kIf ;Gt'i6 lyPg . ;+s6sfnLg l:yltsf] cg'udg ug]{ gfddf ljleGg lhNnfdf uP/ kf6L{ dxfdGqLn] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgh:t} ;/sf/k|lt cfnf]rgf ePsf] k|ltj]bg lbPsf]df k|wfgdGqL / ;/sf/kIf pxf“k|lt ;Gt'i6 lyPg eg] kf6L{tkm{ ;efklt sf]O/fnf v]df klg pxf“;+u c;Gt'i6 lyof] . ;efklt sf]O/fnfn] JoQm ub}{ cfpg' ePsf x/]s s'/fk|lt kf}8]nn] lat]sf s]xL lbg otf x/]s 7fp"df / x/]s s'/f;+u ljdlt hgfpg yfNg' ePsf] lyof] . o;af6 kf}8]nk|lt sf]O/fnf kIf ?i6 x'g' :jfefljs g} lyof] . o:tf] a]nf kf}8]nnfO{ of] ;ldltaf6 x6fp"bf b]pjf kIfn] klg lj/f]w hgfp"b}g eGg] d"Nof+sg u/]/ pQm lg0f{o ePsf] a'lemG5 . To:t} b]lvof] klg . kf}8]nnfO{ of] ;ldltdf g/flvPsf] k|lt s}of}+n] …v'lrËÚ klg eg] . t/ pxf“sf] ;§f uf]ljGb/fh hf]zLnfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] b]v]kl5 kf}8]nk|lt s]xL ;xfg'e"lt ylkPsf] 5 . ;ldlt u7g u/L cfkm"nfO{ lgisfzg u/]sf] ;dfrf/ ;'Ggf;fy kf}8]nn] pQm u7g …k/Dk/f ljk/Lt ePsf]Ú k|ltlqmof JoQm ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . ljwfgsf] s'/f p7fpg' ePsf] lyPg . cyf{t\ cfkm"nfO{ x6fOPsf]df dfq pxf“nfO{ cfklQ /x]5 / pxf“nfO{ ;fd]n ul/g] xf] eg] ;dy{g ug'{ x'g] /x]5 eGg] b]lvof] . lxhf] pxf“n] sf]O/fnf lj/f]wL dflgg] lgjf{lrt s]Gb|Lo ;b:o / dWoddfuL{ lgjf{lrt ;b:o ;d]t;+u k/fdz{ u/]/ nfdf] lj/f]wkq ;efkltnfO{ lbg'eof] . To;df rflx+ ljwfgsf] s'/f p7fOPsf] 5 . w]/} k|k~r / jfrfx? u/]df kf}8]n / v8\sfnfO{ ;+;bLo ;ldltdf k'gM ;dfj]z u/fOg c;Dej 5}g . bjfjdf g]tfx?n] w]/} lg0f{ox? km]g]{ u/]sf k/Dk/f g} 5 ;+;bLo ;ldltdf ylkg] ;+efjgf kf}8]neGbf v8\sfsf] a9L ePsf] a'lemG5 .

;+;bLo ;ldltsf] of] k'gu{7gkZrft\ sf]O/fnfsf] cfu|x dfGg] ;f+;bx?sf] ;+Vof a9\g ;Sb5 . cyf{t\ b]pjf lj?4 rnfOPsf] x:tfIf/ cleofgdf s]xL ;+Vof ylkg ;Sb5 . ca sf]O/fnfn] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;+;bLo bndf rflxg] ax'dt %* k'¥ofpg c;+ej 5}g . t/ cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] ax'dt x'"bfx'"b} k|ltkIfL bnx?nfO{ ;/sf/df ;fd]n ug]{ lg0f{o ePdf sf+u|]; leqaf6 g]t[Tjk|lt ljb|f]x x'g ;Sb5 . of] cg'ej ;efklt sf]O/fnf :jod\n] ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . jt{dfg kf6L{ ;efklt sf]O/fnf klxnf] cfdlgjf{rgkl5 k|wfgdGqL x'g' ePsf] a]nf cfkm\g}{ kf6L{sf ;f+;bx?n] pxf“sf] ;/sf/ 9fn]sf lyP . Tof] a]nf pxf“n] k|ltlglw;ef lj36g ug'{ ePsf] laifonfO{ lnP/ g]sfsf tTsfnLg ;efklt s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ :jod\n] ljkIfL;+u nfu]/ pQm lg0f{o pN6\ofpg / k|wfgdGqLsf] jvf{:tuL ug{ df+u ub}+ b/jf/;dIf hfg' ePsf] 36gfk|lt sf+u|];sf sfo{stf{n] h:tf] cfqmf]z JoQm u/]sf lyP clxn] ljkIfL;+u ;+emf}tf u/]/ cfkm\gf] ax'dtsf] cl:tTj d]6fpg sf]O/fnfn] To:t} sfd ug'{eof] eg] Tof] cfqmf]zsf] k'g/fj[lQ gxf]nf egL dfGg ;lsGg . t/ sf]O/fnf of] xb;Dd k'luxfNg' xf]nf egL cem} klg sf]xL dfGg tof/ 5}gg\ . o;f] ug'{ sf+u|];sf nflu cfTd3ftL sbd x'g] / To:tf] sfd sf]O/fnfaf6} ;DkGg u/fOg] tyf To;df sf]O/fnf d"sbz{s eP/ a:g'xf]nf egL clxn];Dd s;}n] 7fg]sf klg 5}gg\ .

o;}aLr, kf6L{n] ;efkltåf/f ;+;b\df JoQm k|ltj4tf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ lnlvt lgb]{zg lbPsf] 5 . dxfdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnfn] cl:t a'wjf/ k7fpg' ePsf] pQm kq k|=d=n] k|fKt ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . t/ ;efkltåf/f JoQm k|ltj4tfdWo] dGqLd08nsf] cfsf/ ;fgf] kfg]{ -;f+;b ;+Vofsf] bz k|ltzt dfq agfpg]_ s'/f nfu" ug{ b]pjf tof/ x'g'x'Gg . To;f] ubf{ x6fOg] dGqLx? ;/sf/sf] lj?4 hfg] ;+efjgf ePsfn] b]pjf of] hf]lvd p7fpg tof/ x'g'x'Gg . dx]z cfrfo{ hok|sfzk|;fb cfgGb, cfdf]bk|;fb pkfWofo h:tf s]xL dGqLn] ædGqLd08n ;fgf] kfg]{ eP xfdL 5f]8L lbG5f}+ / dGqL g/x] klg ;/sf/nfO{ ;xof]u ul//xg] 5f}+Æ eg]sf 5g\ . t/ ;]t" / ;dGjosf] e"ldsf lgefO/x]sf km"n dGqLnfO{ x6fp"bf cl:y/tfsf] ;Gb]z hfg] eon] b]pjf To;sf] nflu klg tof/ x'g'x'Gg . pxf“ ef/ ag]sf / bjfjdf cfPsf ;xfos / /fHodGqLx?nfO{ x6fpg rfxg' x'G5, t/ pgLx? 5f]8\g tof/ 5}gg\ . clxn] ;/sf/af6 x6] efjL ;/sf/ cem ;fgf] cfsf/sf] aGg] ePsfn] of] df}sf klg gkfOPnf eg]/ pgLx? oxL cj;/df clwstd\ nfe p7fpg] kIfdf 5g\ . k|=d=b]pjfsf] of] t'i6Ls/0f k|j[lQn] ubf{ x/]s dGqfnodf cg'zf;gxLgtf / e|i6frf/ a9\b}5 . k|=d= dGqLx?n] u/]sf e|i6frf/sf] k|df0f;lxt ph'/L kfP/ klg 6'n'6'n' x]/]/ a:g' ePsf] 5 . hfgsf/ ;"qx? eG5g\– clwsf+z dGqfno / ljefux? klxn]b]lv e|i6frf/df 8'j]sf lyP / b]pjf cfP kl5 tL dGqfno / ljefu emg\ 5f8f ePsf 5g\ . lgdf{0f tyf cfjf; ef}lts -lr/~hLjL jfUn]sf] dGqfno_df o:tf] e|i6frf/ slxNo} ePsf] lyPg elgG5 . Toxf“ dGqL x}g dGqL k'qsf] /fHo 5 eGg] ;j{q cfPsf] 5 . t/ k|=d=nfO{ s'g} rf;f] 5}g . cfkm"nfO{ k|=d=sf] kbdf /xg ;xof]u u/]df h] ug{ klg 5'6 lbg] b]pjfsf] k|j[lQn] pxf“sf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt ub}{5 .

ut d+unjf/ g]sf ;efklt sf]O/fnfn] >L % dxf/fhflw/fh;+u d'n'ssf] l:ylt / cfkm\gf] of]hgf jf/] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . To;sf] ef]lnkN6 >L % 1fg]Gb|af6 k|=d= b]pjfnfO{ af]nfP/ sf]O/fnfsf s'/fx? ;lxt ;d;fdlos ljifodf 5nkmn ul/jlS;of] . of] 5nkmnsf] kl/0ffd b]lvg af“sL 5 . t/ e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f ug]{ ;Gbe{df sbd rfNg k|=d= b]pjfsf] cf“6 a9]sf] rflx+ k|:6 ePsf] 5 .

lg0f{o Ps M k|ltlqmof cg]s

g]sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] xfn} u7g ug'{ ePsf] ;+;bLo ;ldlt / sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldlt ;DaGwdf s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox?sf] k|ltlqmof—

g/xl/ cfrfo{M cWoIffTds 9+usf] s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf] ;+/rgfnfO{ sf+u|];sf] bzf}+ dxflwj]zgåf/f lgwf{l/t gof“ lgjf{rg k|lqmofn] df}lns ?kdf g} kl/jt{g u/]sf] 5 . o; kl/k|]Iodf kf6L{ ljwfgn] tf]s]sf] ljlw cGt/ut /xL lg0f{o x'g' :jfefljs x'GYof] . s]Gb|Lo sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldlt / ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] u7g ug]{ lhDdf kf6L{ ljwfgn] k"0f{ ?kdf s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf] clwsf/leq /fv]sf] 5, o;df s'g} c:ki6tf 5}g . kf6L{ / ;efklthLsf] k|hftflGqs 5ljnfO{ an k'¥ofpg o; q'l6nfO{ ljlw;Ddt 9+un] ;Rofpg' /fd|f] x'G5 .

v'daxfb'/ v8\sfM of] lg0f{oaf6 dnfO{ s'g} xif{ klg 5}g / lj:dft klg 5}g . ;+;bLo ;ldltdf dnfO{ /fv]sf] eP klg x'GYof] . g/fv] klg s]xL km/s 5}g .

ljdn]Gb| lglwM kf6L{ ;efkltn] ;+;bLo ;ldlt / sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldlt kf6L{ ljwfg / ljk/Lt u7g ug'{ ePsf] 5 . d'n'sdf lx+;f, xTof / cft+s a9]sf] a]nf ;Dk"0f{ kf6L{ Ps eP/ cufl8 hfg' kg]{ cj:yf 5 . o:tf] kl/l:yltdf ljwfgnfO{ ldr]/ ;efkltn] u/]sf] lg0f{o tTsfn lkmtf{ lng' k5{ / ljwfg;Ddt 9+uaf6 b'j} ;ldlt agfpg' k5{ .

s[i0fk|;fb l;6f}nfM sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldlt / ;+;bLo ;ldlt u7g ubf{ kf6L{df ljutdf s:tf] k/Dk/f lyof] To;tkm{ xfdL ;a}n] Wofg lbg' h?/L 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|]; kf6L{sf] ljwfg / k/Dk/f adf]lhd g} ;efklthLn] oL b'O{j6f ;ldlt u7g ug'{ ePsf] 5 . ljutdf klg o;/L g} ;ldltx? u7g x'g] u/]sf lyP . oL ;ldltx?nfO{ sfo{;ldltsf] cfufdL a}7sn] cg'df]bg ug]{5 .

/fds[i0f tfd|fsf/M kf6L{ ;efkltn] ;+;bLo ;ldlt u7g ug{ cfjZos ePsfn] k|wfgdGqL / kf6L{sf jl/i7 g]tf lsz'ghL ;lxt s]Gb|Lo sfo{ ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ /fv]/ agfPsf b'j} ;ldlt ljwfg;Ddt 5g\ .

8f=/fdj/0f ofbjM tTsfn cfjZos k/]sf] a]nf ;efkltn] s'g} klg ;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ljwfgdf 5 . t/ To;nfO{ sfo{;ldltaf6 cg'df]bg u/fpg' k5{ . sfo{;ldltnfO{ pxf“n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' x'g]5 / cg'df]bg klg u/fpg' x'g]5 . ;efkltsf] lg0f{o ljwfg;Ddt 5 . To;df z+sf ug]{ 7fp" 5}g .

nLnf sf]O/fnfM ;efklthLn] ljwfg;Ddt g} b'j} ;ldlt u7g ug'{ ePsf] xf]nf . ljwfg ljk/Lt uP/ olt 7"nf] lg0f{o pxf“n] ug'{ ePgh:tf] dnfO{ nfU5 / ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostf klg lyPg .

;'lgns'df/ e08f/LM cfjZos k/]sf] cj:yfdf kf6L{ ;efkltn] kf6L{sf] sfd sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg / To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu ljwfgn] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L ljz]if lg0f{o lng ;Sg'x'G5 . o:tf lg0f{o kl5 sfo{ ;ldltaf6 cg'df]bg u/fpg] k/Dk/f cg';f/ kf6L{ ;efkltn] kf6L{sf] lxtsf nflu cfjZos lg0f{o lng ;Sg] k/Dk/f /lxcfPsf] 5 . To;} cg';f/ g} lul/hfafa'n] of] lg0f{o lng' ePsf] xf] . o;nfO{ ljwfgeGbf aflx/ uP/ ePsf] lg0f{o eGg ldNb}g .

af;'b]j l/;fnM of] laifodf dnfO{ nfu]sf] s'/f ;efklthLnfO{ dfq eG5' .

lagoWjh rGbM ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnn] kf6L{ ljwfg cg'?k g} ;+;bLo ;ldlt / sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldlt u7g ug'{ ePsf] 5 . pxf“sf] of] lg0f{o 7Ls 5 .

sf] eGbf sf] sd <

xl/x/ lj/xL

/fhgLltzf:q cg';f/ k|hftGqdf OdfGbf/ / g}lts aGg] xf]8jfhL rN5, ljlw / ljwfgsf] zf;g x'G5 tyf cfkm\gf] jrg k"/f gug]{ g]tfsf] eljio ;dfKt x'G5 . t/ xfdL sxf“ s'g} zf:qdf gePsf], klxn] s;}n] sNkgf;Dd gu/]sf] Pjd\ c/fhs / lg/+s'ztfsf] hdfgfdf x'g] v]n / b[Zox? clxn] klg jf/Djf/ bf]xf]l/g] u/]sf 5g\ . of] eGbf lj8Djgfsf] s'/f s] 5 eg] k|hftflGqs d"n dfGotf, hgtfsf] efjgf / ljwfgsf] ckx]ngf / cjd"Nog ToxL d}bfgdf x'g] u/]sf] 5, hxf“af6 ;j}n] k|hftflGqs cfbz{sf] kf7 l;Sg' kg]{ lyof] . k|hftflGqs cfbz{, g}ltstf / ljj]szLntfsf] u'?s"n aGg' kg]{ kf6L{nfO{ ToxL kf6L{sf g]tf / sfo{stf{x?n] 5f8fkg, cg'zf;gxLgtf / If'b| :jfy{x?sf] lqm8fe"ld agfOlbPsf 5g\ . h:tf];'s} x08/ vf“bf klg sf+u|];sf g]tfx?sf] dfgl;stfdf s'g} kl/jt{g gcfpg' ;a}sf] nflu pb]ssf] ljifo ag]sf] x'g'k5{ M cl:t ev{/ k|=d=kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbg ljjz x'g' ePsf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf km]l/ k|ltkIfLl;t ;+emf}tf u/]/ eP klg k|wfgdGqL aGg k|oTgzLn x'g'x'G5 eGg] cfz+sf ljZjf;df kl/0ft x'"b} hfg' / klxn] k|=d=x'"bf ljs[ltx?sf ;Djfxs 7xl/g' ePsf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] o;kN6 emg\ gof“ ljs[ltx? yKg] ;Defjgf b]lvg' s;}n] klg ;f]Rg g;Sg] s'/f xf] . ;QfnfO{ g} Ps dfq nIo 7fGg] xfd|f g]tfx?sf] lqmofsnfkn] /fhgLltzf:qLsf ljZn]if0fnfO{ unt ;fljt ug'{sf ;fy} k|hftGqsf ljz]iftfx?dfly Wjf“;f] kf]ltlbof] . oL g]tf geP klg b]znfO{ gx'g], t/ oL g]tfx?n] g} b]znfO{ jjf{b kfg]{— o:tf] cj:yf st} x'G5 <=== cGt st} eP klg oxf“ rflx+ gxf];\ ††

clxn] g]kfnnfO{ hgtfsf] cf:yfsf] s]Gb| aGg ;Sg] Pp6f g]tf / Pp6f s'zn k|zf;s rflxPsf] 5 . /fi6«sf] of] cfjZostf k"/f ug]{ lhDd]bf/L hgtfn] g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ lbPsf 5g\ . hgtfsf] dt kfpg ;lhnf] 5}g . t/ dt kfpgeGbf kfPsf] dtsf] dof{bfsf] /Iff ug{ ufx|f] 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|];n] k|hftGqsf] :yfkgf / k'g:yf{kgfsf nflu Tolt si6, oftgf / jlnbfg ga]xf]/]sf] eP g]tfx?sf] d'v x]/]/ dfq hgtfn] sf+u|];nfO{ Tolt dt cjZo lbg] lyPgg\ . hgtfn] d'veGbf ?v x]/] . of] :jfefljs xf] . JolQmeGbf kf6L{ x]/]/ dt lbg] k|j[lQ a9]df To;n] ax'bnLo / k|hftflGqs dfGotfnfO{ an k'¥ofpg] 5 . t/ csf]{ b'ef{Uo s] 5 eg] xfd|f kf6L{ / g]tfx?df k|hftflGqs dfGotfk|lt cfd gful/s hlt klg lgi7f b]lvPg . ufp"sf hgtfn] rflx+ æ?vÆ x]g]{, g]tfx?sf] rflx+ æd'vÆ x]g]{ < b]pjfnfO{ sf]O/fnf g?Rg], sf]O/fnfnfO{ b]pjf gkRg] < l;4fGt, gLlt, sfo{qmd— sf]O/fnf / b]pjfjLr s'g} dte]b 5}g . z}nL km/s 5 . pd]/ of]ubfg 36La9L 5 . b]pjf cl:t;Dd sf]O/fnfsf] u[xdGqL / sfo{stf{ x'g'x'GYof] . sfo{stf{ clxn] klg xf], t/ kbLo k|lt:wf{sf] b[li6n] sf]O/fnfn] pxf“nfO{ cfkm\gf] k|ltåGåL agfO{ lbg'eof] . oltdfq x}g, lj/f]wLx?k|lt a9L ;Ddfg ug]{ aL=kL= sf]O/fnfsf] 5fof“df x'ls{g' ePsf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] cfkm"lj?4 r'gfjdf plqPsf] a]nf sltko 7fp"df b]pjfnfO{ æpxf“ xfd|f] o'jf g]tf, d]/f] klg g]tf, efjL k|wfgdGqLÆ eg]/ kl/ro lbg' ePsf] ;'Gg]x? w]/} 5g\ . To:t} b]pjfn] cfGtl/s ?kdf sf]O/fnf kl/jf/sf] jr{:j ;dfKt kfg]{ ;+sNk ug'{ x'g] s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{nfO{ lg/Gt/ pkof]u ug'{ eP tfklg ælul/hfafa' d]/f] ;efklt dfq x}g g]tf klg xf]Æ eGg 5f]8\g' ePsf] 5}g . o; k|sf/sf] efjgfTds ;DaGw jf /0fgLlt eP tfklg a]nfa]nfdf b'a} g]tf Ps csf{ lj?4 k|ltkIfLx?sf] ;xof]u ;d]t lnP/ plqg' k6Ss} g;'xfpg] s'/f xf] . sf]O/fnf k|=d=x'g'ePsf] a]nf b]pjfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;d]t pkof]u u/]/ sf]O/fnfnfO{ c;kmn ug{ vf]Hg' cIfDo ck/fw xf] / clxn] Pdfn]x?sf] ;xof]u lnP/ b]pjfnfO{ kbRo't ug{ vf]Hg' sf]O/fnfsf] uNtL 7xg]{5 . ;Qf k|fKt ug{sf nflu b]pjfn] w]/} cgk]lIft sfd / cjflG5t ;+emf}tf ug'{ ePsf] dx;"; x'G5 . Tof] ;+emf}tfsf] b'ikl/0ffd cfh d'n'sn] j]xf]l//x]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] ;/sf/ eGbf of] ;/sf/sf] lqmofsnfkaf6 v'zL x'g] Pshgf klg ylkPsf 5}gg\, a? ;/sf/ kl/jt{g / bf];|f] k':tfdf ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj x:tfGt/0fkZrft\ emg\ ljs[lt / e|i6frf/ a9]sfn] a? ;/sf/k|lt /f]if / c;Gtf]ifsf] dfqf a9]sf] 5 . o:tf] ;/sf/nfO{ lsg s;}n] ;dy{g / ;xof]u ug]{ < of] k|Zgsf] hjfkm :jo+ dGqLx? klg lbg ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ .

k|hftGqdf OdfGbf/L / g}ltstfsf] k|lt:kwf{ x'G5 eGg] /fhgLltzf:qdf n]lvPsf] eP tfklg k|hftflGqs g]kfnsf] k|hftGqjfbL kf6L{df 7Ls To;sf] ljk/Lt 36gfx? x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . xfn} g]sf ;efklt sf]O/fnfn] cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] ljwfgn] ;d]t cfkm"nfO{ glbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/]/ u7g / k'gu{7g ug'{eof] . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ljwfg ;efkltsf] …clwsf/ / st{JoÚ egL tf]s]sf] sfddf ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] u7g kb}{g . ljwfgn] of] sfd s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltn] ug'{ kg]{ / æcfkm"leqaf6Æ ug'{ kg]{ ls6fg u/]sf] 5 . t/ of] sfd s]=;=n] u/]g . s]xL lbg cl3 dfq s]=;=sf] a}7s lyof], To;df of] k|;+u} p7]g . ;efkltn] rfx]+df s'g} klg a]nf s]=;=sf] a}7s 8fSg ;Sg'x'GYof] . cfjZos eP ToxL a}7snfO{ nDAofpg klg ;Sg'x'GYof] . t/ Tof] ePg . ;ldltn] g} ug'{ kg]{ sfd a}7s ;lsgf;fy ;efkltn] :jljj]sn] 3f]if0ff ug'{eof] . s]=;=df ;efkltsf] k"0f{ jx'dt 5 . sf]O/fnfn] rfx]sf] x/]s s'/f a}7sn] kf; ug{ ;S5 . oxL ;ldltdf klg kf; x'g ;SYof] . of] lglZrt x'"bfx'"b} klg d"n 9f]sfaf6 k|j]z gu/fO{ h:s]nfaf6 ;fj{hlgs ug'{eof] . pxf“n] cfkm\g} cu|;/tfdf ag]sf] ljwfgnfO{ nTofpg' kg]{ s'g} cfjZostf lyPg . oxL ;ldlt ljwfg;Ddt 9+uaf6 :jLs[t x'g] lyof] . t/ ;efklt sf]O/fnf cfkm\g} ;xof]uLdfly ;d]t e/ kg{ ;Sg' ePg . #^ ;b:oLo s]=;=df !% hgf ;efkltn] :jljj]s dgf]gLt u/]sfx? g} 5g\ . lgjf{lrtx?dWo]df sf]O/fnfnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{x?s} ax'dt 5 . t/ ;+Vofsf] b[li6n] ;'b[9 eP klg Tof] dgf]gogsf] cf}lrTo ;fljt ug{ cfkm\gf ;dy{sx?n] g;Sg] cfz+sf b]v]/ sf]O/fnf of] ljjfb em]Ng p2t x'g'eof] . ;efkltn] cfkm\g} sfo{;ldltdfly ;d]t ljZjf; ug{ ;Sg' ePg .

t/, sf+u|];leq o:tf] æPstkmL{Æ sbd rflnPsf] 36gf of] klxnf] xf]Og s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ ;efklt x'g'ePsf] a]nf klg o:tf] jf/Djf/ ug'{x'GYof] / sf]O/fnfn] k|r08 bjfj lbP/ To;nfO{ jb/ jf k'gu{7g u/fpg' kYof]{ . e§/fO{n] e/tzDz]/ / s'j]/ zdf{ cflbnfO{ / sf]O/fnfn] uf]kfn /fO{ / bLnaxfb'/ 3tL{nfO{ Nofpbfsf b[Zo w]/}n] ;+lemPsf] x'g'k5{ . To;}n] clxn]sf] sf]O/fnfsf] sbd sf+u|];sf] k'/fgf], cnf]slk|o / czf]egLo k/Dk/f cg'?k dfq 5 . o;n] ljs[ltlt/sf] ofqfdf …sf] eGbf sf] sdÚ eGg] xf]8jfhLdf lahoL u/fpg ;Snf, t/ d'n'snfO{ cfjZos /fhg]tfsf] cefjsf] k"lt{ ug{ ;Qm}g . /fi6«sf] ;a} zlQmnfO{ ;d]6]/ d'n'ssf] Ps5q g]tf aGg] JolQmTj / pmhf{ lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfdf dfq 5 . pxf“ ca bnLo kl/lwaf6 dfly p7]/ b]zsf ;Dk"0f{ k|hftflGqs / /fi6«jfbL zlQmsf] g]t[Tj ug{ cu|;/ x'g'kg]{df pxf“nfO{ cfkm\g} kf6L{sf] klg Pp6f u'6sf] g]tfsf] ?kdf s}b ug{ vf]lhb}5, cfkm\g} kf6L{n] kfPsf] k|wfgdGqL kbsf] …Do"lhsn r]o/Ú v]nsf] uf]6L agfOb}5 . o:tf] v]ndf ;fd]n x'"bf pxf“sf] ;Ddfg a9\5 ls ckdfg x'G5 < t/ g]=sf ;Qfdf ePsf] a]nf ;/sf/n] o:t} sfd ug]{ xf] eg] sf+u|];sf] ;efklt /ldt] dfq eP/ a:g klg ldNb}g . ;/sf/nfO{ ;Ifd / lqmofzLn agfpg ;efkltn] of]ubfg ug'{k5{ . 7Ls 9+un] sfd gug]{nfO{ rfj"s xfGg' k5{, c+s'z nufpg' k5{ / pmhf{ yKg' k5{ . s]xL ug{ g;s] sDtLdf g]sf h:tf] kf6L{sf] ;efklt / k|wfgdGqLn] ljlw ljwfg, k|hftflGqs dfGotf / hgefjgf ljk/Lt hfg] Pjd\ Pp6fn] csf{nfO{ c;kmn kfg]{ s'/fdf sf] eGbf sf] sd eGg] dfgl;stf /fVg' x'"b}g . To:tf] efjgf /fVg]nfO{ s;}n] dfkm ug]{ 5}gg\ .

;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg rf8} gx'g]

;+ljwfg ;'wf/ ug'{ kg]{ s'/fdf ;a} bnx?aLr ;xdlt eP klg ;Defljt ;'wf/n] tTsfn cfsf/ lng] ;Defjgf d]l6b} uPsf] 5 . ;a} kf6L{x?n] ;+ljwfgdf s]xL sdhf]/L b]v]sf / s]xL bkmfx? kl/jt{g ug'{ kg]{ 7fg]sf lyP . t/ k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn Pdfn]n] ;+ljwfgsf k|fjwfgnfO{ cfkm\g} 9+un] dfq kl/jt{g u/fpg] rfxgf b]vfPsf]n] cGo kf6L{x? lzlyn x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . ;a} kf6L{ / ;/sf/ ;d]t ;'wf/sf] u[xsfo{df nfu]sf a]nf Pdfn]n] ;/sf/nfO{ Ps xKtfsf] klg ;do glbP/ lbg tf]s]sf] 5 . Pdfn]sf] of] …cft"/LÚnfO{ /x:odo 7flgb} 5 . ;+ljwfg lgdf{tfx? …;+ljwfg h:tf] s'/fnfO{ v]nf}gf h:tf] u/L lng gx'g] / xr'jfsf e/df cfkm"nfO{ tTsfn nfe x'g] b[li6af6 dfq To;sf bkmfx? rnfpg gx'g]Æ eGg yfn]sf 5g\ .

;Qf?9 bn g]kfnL sf+u|];n] ;+zf]wgsf] k|lqmofnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg yfln;s]sf] lyof] . Pp6f ;ldlt klg agfof] . dxGy 7fs'/sf] cWoIftfdf lgld{t Tof] ;ldltdf nId0f l3ld/], s[i0fk|;fb l;6f}nf, s]jL u'?ª / ch'{gg/l;+x s];L ;b:o x'g'x'G5 . of] ;ldltn] sfd klg yfln;s]sf] 5 . otf jl/i7 GofofwLz nId0fk|;fb cof{n, k"j{ ;efd'v bdggfy 9'+ufgf, jl/i7 clwjQmf d's'Gb /]UdL hf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{tf x'g'x'G5, xr'jfsf e/df ;+ljwfgsf wf/f rnfpg yflnof] eg] To;n] emg\ clgi7 lgDTofpg] pxf“x?sf] lgisif{ 5 . jl/i7 GofofwLz cof{nn] eGg'eof]– …s'g wf/fn] s] ;d:of pAHofof] To;sf] 6'+uf] g} gu/L ;+zf]wg ubf{ 3fp Ps 7fp"df cf]vlt csf{ 7fp"df nufOPh:tf] x'G5 .Ú GofofwLz cof{nn] r'gfjdf x'g] wf“wnL ;+ljwfgn] NofPsf] geP/ bnx? g} To;sf] sf/s ePsf] atfpg' x'G5 .

;+ljwfg ;'wf/ ;'emfj cfof]usf cWoIf ljZjgfy pkfWofo ;b:o, bdggfy 9'+ufgf / of] ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{ cGtl/d ;/sf/sf b'O{ dGqL 8f=b]j]Gb|/fh kf08] / gLnfDa/ cfrfo{n] cl:t dfq ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg s] sf nflu s'g ljifok|lt s]lGb|t x'g'kg}{df of] s;/L bnut :jfy{af6 k|]l/t x'"b}5 eGg] ;+s]t ub}{ Pp6f ;+o'Qm jQmJo k|sflzt ug'{ePsf] 5 . Tof] jQmJodf elgPsf] 5— æclxn] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] k|of]hg ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfsf] k|ToIf sf/ssf] ?kdf /x]sf] d"n ;d:of ;dfwfgdf of]ubfg lbg] eGbf k[ys x'g ;Sb}g / x'g'x'"b}g . cGoyf gful/ssf df}lns xs lgnlDat ePsf] cj:yfdf ;+zf]wg k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg' k|hftflGqs ;+:sf/ cg's"n x'g]5}g .Æ

;Qf?9 kf6L{n] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgaf/] cfk\gf] wf/0ff cem} lgdf{0f ul/g;s]sf], ev{/ ;ldlt agfPsf]n] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] k|lqmof nlDjg] lglZrt 5 .

Pdfn]n] oL dfux? 5f]8]s} xf] <

clxn] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug{ xtfl/Psf] Pdfn]n] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] d:of}bf tof/ x'gf;fy kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 @& ;"qLo ;'emfj k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] . :juL{o dxf;lrj dbg e08f/Ln] tTsfnLg kf6L{ -dfn]_ k|jQmfsf] x}l;otn] @)$&÷^÷!! ut] k|:t't ug'{ ePsf tL dfuk|lt clxn]sf] Pdfn]sf] s] wf/0ff 5 < xfn ;+ljwfg ;'wf/sf ;Gbe{df Pdfn] g]tfx?n] JoQm ul//x]sf s'/fx?df tL dfusf w]/}h;f] a'"bfn] :yfg kfO/x]sf] b]lv+b}g . Pdfn] g]tfx? clxn] To;nfO{ ;+lemg klg rfxb}gg\ . t/ s] Pdfn]n] tL dfu ca 5f]8]sf] xf] < :ki6 5}g . s] lyP dfn]sf tL dfu < kf7sx? cfkm}+ k9\g';\–

!= d:of}bf ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f # df ;fj{ef}d;Qf hgtfdf lgxLt /x]sf] / o;sf] k|of]u ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 elgPsf] 5 . o:tf] c:ki6tf x'g' x'"b}g . o;df ;':ki6 ?kdf hgtf / hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx?åf/f ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] k|of]u x'g]5 eg]/ n]lvg'k5{ gq km]l/ 3'dfp/f] 9+un] Tof] clwsf/ /fhfs} xftdf k'Ug ;S5 .

@= wf/f $ clw/fHosf] -!_ df pNn]v ePsf] ælxGb'Æ zAb x6fOg' k5{ . /fhf lxGb' wdf{jnDaL x'g]5g\ eGg] s'/f wf/f @& df n]lvPsf] x'gfn] oxf“ clw/fHosf] kl/efiffdf To;nfO{ /fVg' cfjZos 5}g . To;}n] clw/fHosf] ;DaGwdf e|d v8f ug{ ;S5 . /fhf lxGb' x'g' jt{dfg oyfy{tfsf] t:jL/ dfq xf] . clw/fHosf] ;jfndf o:tf] s'g} e|d /lrg' x'"b}g .

#= wf/f ^ df g]kfnL efiffnfO{ æ/fi6« efiffÆ / b]zsf ;a} dft[efiffx?nfO{ /fli6«o efiff n]v]sf] x'gfn] kIfkft ug{ vf]lhPsf] e|d pTkGg ePsf] 5 . ;a} efiffnfO{ ;dfg 9+un] ;Ddfg ug{sf] lgldQ Pp6} dfq zAbsf] k|of]u u/L g]kfnL efiffnfO{ /fhsLo jf ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiff dfq dfGg'k5{ .

$= wf/f & sf] # df pNn]v ePsf] lgzfgf 5fk jt{dfg kl/l:ylt cg'?k km]g'{k5{ .

%= efu # sf] df}lns xs ;DaGwL Joj:yfdf k|ltaGwfTds pkwf/fx? /flvPsf 5g\ . ltgLx?df k|of]u ul/Psf] æ/fhb|f]xÆ tyf ælx+;fTds sfo{ ug{Æ h:tf zAbx? x6fOg'k5{ . Toxf“ ;':ki6 ?kdf æ/fHob|f]xÆ tyf ælx+;fTds sfo{ ug]{Æ zAb /fVg'k5{ elgPsf] 5 . gq zf;sx?n] hlxn] klg ljkIfL dfly o:tf] cf/f]k nufP/ k|ltaGw nufpg] vt/f /xG5 . k|ltaGwfTds ljifonfO{ cToGt cfjZos ePsf 7fp"df ;Dddfq ;Lldt ug'{k5{ . Ps xftn] df}lns xs lbP h:tf] ug]{ / csf]{ xftn] vf]:g] 9+un] ul/Psf] Joj:yf cfklQhgs 5 .

^= wf/f !& sf] ;DklQsf] xs ;DaGwL Joj:yfdf nf]s sNof0fsf/L /fHosf] cjwf/0ff cg'?k x'g'k5{ . cfd"n kl/jt{gsf/L e"ld;'wf/ / c? cfly{s ;'wf/sf sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ug]{ xbaGbL lglZrt ug]{ / xbaGbLeGbf a9L hUufnfO{ sfg"g agfP/ clwu|x0f ug]{ ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf x'g'k5{ . >ldsx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] >d / >dsf] pTkfbg dfly k"0f{ :jfldTj k|bfg ug]{ s'/f pNn]v ul/g'k5{ .

&= efu % sf] æ>L %Æ ;DaGwL dxndf wf/f @& sf] @ df æ>L %Æ nfO{ g]kfnsf] /fli6«otf / g]kfnL hgtfsf] Pstfsf] k|tLs elgPsf] 5 . æ>L %Æ eg]sf] ;+ljwfg cg';f/ Pp6f JolQm xf] / JolQm /fli6«otf / hgPstfsf] k|tLs x'g ;Sb}g, o;nfO{ x6fpg'k5{ . ax'bnLo k|hftGq / k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfg dfq /fli6«otf / hgPstfsf] k|tLs x'g ;S5 .

*= wf/f @& sf] # df ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f >L % af6 ug]{ elgPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0fstf{ hgtf x'g\, >L % af6 s'g} JolQm, /fhgLlts kf6L{ jf ;+:yf x'g ;Sb}g . >L %, /fhgLlts kf6L{ / x/]s JolQmn] ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf ug'{k5{ . ;fj{ef}d clwsf/ ePsf hgtf dfq To;sf ;+/Ifs x'g ;S5g\ .

(= wf/f @* sf] ! / @ b'j}nfO{ x6fOg'k5{ . >L % sf j+zhx?sf] /Lt / k/Dk/f eg]sf] :j]R5frf/L / lg/+s'ztGqL /x"b} cfPsf] 5 . ca To:tf] l:ylt /xg kfpg] 5}g . /fhf k"0f{ ?kdf ;+ljwfgsf] dftxt x'g'k5{ . pQ/flwsf/Lsf] qmd ;DaGwL sfg'g agfpg], ;+zf]wg ug]{ / vf/]h ug]{ clwsf/ >L % sf] :jLs[ltdf ;+;b\df /xg'k5{ .

!)= wf/f @( sf] >L % / /fhkl/jf/sf] vr{ ;DaGwL Joj:yfdf k|rlnt sfg'gdf Joj:yf ePsf] vr{ / ;'ljwf 36\g] u/L s'g} sfg'g agfpg kfOg] 5}g eGg] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+znfO{ x6fpg' k5{ . o; wf/fdf pNn]v ul/Psf] >L % zAb klg x6fpg' k5{ .

!!= wf/f #) df /fhkl/jf/sf] cfo jf lghL ;DklQ s/d'Qm / cltqmDo gx'g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o;nfO{ k"/} x6fpg' k5{ . >L % / /fhkl/jf/ hldg, pBf]u, Jofkf/, Joj;fo, cflbdf k"/} nfUg kfpg] t/ xbjGbL / lgoGq0f ug]{ s]xL klg x'g gx'g] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf x'g' x'"b}g . /fhf, /fhkl/jf/sf] ;DklQdf klg gful/s ;/x s/ nfUg] Joj:yf ul/g'k5{ .

!@= wf/f #) df ul/Psf] :ki6Ls/0fnfO{ cnu / l;+uf] wf/f agfP/ ;':ki6 Joj:yf ul/g'k5{ / æ/fhkl/jf/Æ eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 eGg] ls6fg;fy pNn]v x'g'k5{ .

!#= wf/f #! df >L % n] u/]sf s'g} sfdsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} klg cbfntdf ;jfn hjfkm ug{ gkfOg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o;nfO{{ ;RofP/ >L % n] ;+ljwfg adf]lhd u/]sf] sfdsf] af/]df cbfntdf ;jfn hjfkm gx'g ;S5 . ;+ljwfg ldr]/ sfd u/]sf] ePdf cbfntdf d'2f rnfpg, ;jfn hjfkm ug{ kfpg'k5{ .

!$= efu ^ sf] /fhkl/ifb\n] ug]{ elgPsf] sfd ;+;b\n] g} ug{ ;Sg] x'gfn] /fhkl/ifb\sf] cnu Joj:yfnfO{ k"/} x6fpg' k5{ .

!%= wf/f $) df pNn]v ul/Psf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/af6 æ>L %Æ nfO{ x6fpg' k5{ . o;}sf] pkwf/f -@_ nfO{ k'gn]{vg u/L æcGoyfÆ zAbn] eGg vf]h]sf] Joj:yfnfO{ k|i6 kfg'{k5{ / af“sL ;a} >L % n] ug]{ sfd dlGqkl/ifb\sf] ;Nnfx / ;Ddltaf6 dfq ug]{ Joj:yf ls6fg x'g'k5{ .

!^= wf/f $! sf] -^_ df æk|ltlglw;efdf lghsf] lj?4 cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj kfl/t ePdfÆ eGg] s'/f klg yKg'k5{ .

!&= k|ltlglw;ef lj36g eO{ sfo{jfxs dGqL kl/ifb\n] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug]{ bfloTj lgjf{x ug]{ qmddf k|wfgdGqLsf] lgwg ePdf /fli6«o;efsf] l;kmfl/zdf >L % af6 csf]{ sfo{jfxs dGqL kl/ifb\sf] u7g ul/g] s'/f :ki6 ul/g'k5{ .

!*= wf/f ^! sf] -!_ df æax;df aGb]hÆ ul/Psf] s'/f x6fpg' k5{ . cg'lrt cfr/0f ePsf] v08df ;+;b\df ax;, 5nkmn ug{ kfpg'k5{ .

!(= wf/f &# sf] -@_ df ljw]osdf ;+zf]wg k]z ug{ >L % sf] k"0f{ :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ Joj:yfnfO{ x6fpg' k5{ .

@)= wf/f && sf] cWofb]z ;DaGwL Joj:yfdf pkwf/f ! sf] æ>L % ;Gt'i6 xf]OaS;]dfÆ ædf};"kmaf6 cfjZos ;DemL aS;]sf]Æ eGg] jfSof+z x6fpg'k5{ / dGqL kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf cWofb]z hf/L ug'{kg]{ ;':ki6 Joj:yf ul/g'k5{ .

@!= wf/f *@ sf] -!_ / wf/f *$-!_ df ug'{kg]{ sfdx? >L % af6 u/fpg] eGg] k|fjwfg x6fpg'k5{ . wf/f *^ / wf/f *& df >L % sf] :jljj]s, ;Gt'i6L / :jLs[t eGg] h:tf jfSof+znfO{ x6fpg'k5{ . of] dlGqkl/ifb\sf clwsf/ / st{Josf] ljifo xf] .

@@= efu !* adf]lhd ;+s6sfnLg l:ylt pTkGg ePdf wf/f !@@ sf] -*_ cg';f/ lgnlDat wf/fx? afx]s wf/f @# sf] ;+j}wflgs pkrf/x? k|fKt ug{ xs ;d]t lgnDag ug'{ x'"b}g .

@#= wf/f !@% df /fli6«o ;'/Iff ;ldltsf] Joj:yf pNn]v ug'{ cfjZos 5}g . b]zsf ;]gf k"0f{?kn] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] dftxt x'g'k5{ . ;]gfsf] kl/rfng sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ xf] / Tof] k"0f{?kdf dlGqkl/ifb\df /xg'k5{ .

@$= wf/f !@( df afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg] clwsf/sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 7fp"df k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/zdf >L % af6 cfb]z hf/L ug]{ s'/f pNn]v x'g'k5{ . Tof] cfb]znfO{ k|ltlglw;efaf6 cg'df]bg u/fpg'k5{ . k|ltlglw;efn] cg'df]bg gu/] Tof] cfb]z cdfGo / vf/]h x'g'k5{ . of] wf/f ;+ljwfg nfu" ePsf] Ps jif{kl5 :jtM x6\g] 5 .

@%= wf/f !## df ;+ljwfg nfu" eP kl5 klg ;+ljwfg;+u aflemPsf] eP klg vf/]h jf ;+zfw]g geP;Dd k'/fgf sfg'gx? Psjif{;Dd nfu" /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o;nfO{ abNg'k5{ / ;+ljwfg nfu" ePb]lv g} To;;+u af“em\g] P]g sfg'gx? aflemPsf xb;Dd lglqmio x'g] / gaflemPsf sfg'gx? dfq nfu" /xg] Joj:yf ul/g'k5{ . gq ;+ljwfg h:tf];'s} eP klg hgtfsf] b}lgs hLjgdfly tfgfzfxL zf;g ablnPsf] cg'ej x'g kfpg] 5}g .

@^= æ>L % sf] ;/sf/Æ df >L % x6fP/ g]kfn ;/sf/ eGg] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ . zfxL ;]gf elgPsf] 7fp"df g]kfnL ;]gf eGg] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ . ;/sf/L ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx? / lgsfox? ;a} 7fp"df /x]sf] zfxL zAb x6fpg'k5{ .

@&= >L % n] ;+ljwfg ljk/Lt sfd u/]sf] v08df dxfleof]u nufpg kfOg] clwsf/sf] Joj:yf ul/g'k5{ . olb o:tf] k|fjwfg ePg eg] Oltxf;df h:t} km]l/ lg/+s'ztGq :j]R5frf/L a9\b} hfg ;Sg] vt/faf6 hf]lug ;lsG5 .

;Qfsf] v]ndf clNemg] kl/l:ylt 5}g

;'zLn sf]O/fnf

u g]kfnL sf+u|]; kf6L{n] jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj kl/jt{g ug{ rfx]sf] xf] <

– ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj kl/jt{g ug]{ lhDdf ;f+;bx?sf] xf] . ;f+;bx?n] rfx]df ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj kl/jt{g :jfefljs k|lqmof xf] . t/ sf+u|]; kf6L{n] clxn] ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj kl/jt{g ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5}g .

u o; k|lqmofdf kf6L{sf] s'g} e"ldsf g} x'"b}g / <

– ;+;bLo bn ag]kl5 ;a} lhDdf bnsf] xf] . bnn] h] lg0f{o u5{, ToxL nfu" x'G5 .

u tkfO{ klg ;f+;b x'g'x'G5, ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj kl/jt{g xf];\ eGg] tkfO{ rfxg'x'Gg <

– d}n] t af/Daf/ ;/sf/ k|efjsf/L 9+un] rNg ;s]g elg/x]sf] 5' . ;'zf;g, e|i6frf/, clgoldttf / kf/blz{tfsf s'/f p7]sf 5g\ . dlGqd08nsf] cfsf/sf] ;DaGwdf k|Zg p7]sf] 5 . ;/sf/nfO{ kf6L{sf] k"0f{ ;dy{g /x"bf /x"b} ;/sf/n] lsg ldtJolotfsf nflu ;fgf] dlGqd08n agfPg < ;+s6sfnkl5 cg'udg / ;"rgf d"Nof+sg ;ldlt agfP/ xfdL lhNnf lhNnf k'Ubf ;a}sf] k|ltlqmof klg oxL g} kfof}+ . ;/sf/ d'n'ssf] kl/l:ylt cg'?k rNg' k¥of] eGg] dxfdGqLsf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] 5nkmn u/]/ sfof{Gjogsf nflu k7fPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ ;/sf/n] tTsfn sfof{Gjog ug'{k5{ .

u kf6L{ ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] cl:t -a'wjf/_ dfq} k|wfgdGqLnfO{ kq k7fP/ e|i6frf/ 5fglag, ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg / ;fgf] dlGqd08nsf] nflu cfu|x ug'{ ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] o;nfO{ sfof{Gjog unf{ <

– cjZo sfof{Gjog ug'{k5{ . kf6L{n] hgtf / sfo{stf{sf] efjgf a'em]/ ;/sf/nfO{ Tof] cfu|x u/]sf] xf] . ;/sf/n] o;nfO{ pk]Iff ug{ ldNb}g .

u slxn];Dd sfof{Gjog ug]{ < To;sf] Dofb tf]lsPsf] 5}g <

– kf6L{ ;efkltsf] kqdf cljnDa sfof{Gjog ug{ elgPsf] 5 . d eG5' ;/sf/n] tTsfn To;sf] sfof{Gjog ug'{k5{ . ;'wf/ ug]{ ljifodf ca ljnDa ug]{ a]nf 5}g .

u %& hgfnfO{ g} dGqL agfpg' kg]{ cj:yfdf k|wfgdGqLn] @& hgfsf] dlGqd08n agfpg ;Sg' xf]nf <

– ca ;Qfsf] v]ndf clNemg] kl/l:ylt 5}g . kl/l:ylt l56f] l56f] kl/jt{g eO/x]sf] a]nf ;/sf/n] kl/jlt{t kl/l:ylt cg'?k cfkm"nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg' k5{ .

u ;fgf] dlGqd08n agfpg nufP/ cfkm\gf] kIfsf ;f+;b ;+Vof 36fpg] v]n eO/x]sf] dx;"; k|wfgdGqLn] ug'{ ePsf] 5 elgG5 lg <

– kf6L{n] To:tf] lgotn] dlGqd08n ;fgf] agfpg] s'/f cufl8 NofPs} xf]Og\ . 6fpsf] uGg] k|j[lQ unt k|j[lQ xf] . To;nfO{ xfdLn] kl/Tofu ug}{k5{ .

u tkfO{+ :jod\ clxn] 6fpsf] uGtL u/]/ al;/xg' ePsf] 5 eGg] cf/f]k 5 lg <

– ;a jflxoft s'/f xf] . To:tf] v]n ePsf] jf gePsf] s'/f dnfO{ yfxf 5}g . ;To s] xf] eg] ;/sf/k|lt c;Gtf]if a9\b} uPsf] 5 . of] /fd|f] xf]Og . ;f+;bx?n] cfkm\gf] c;Gtf]if kf6L{ ;dIf k|s6 ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] :jfefljs s'/f xf] .

u ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj kl/jt{g ug{ ;f+;bx?sf] x:tfIf/ cleofg ;'? ePsf] 5}g / <

– Tof] s'/f dnfO{ yfxf 5}g . kqklqsfdf d}n] klg k9]sf] x'" .

u sf+u|];n] e|i6frf/ lj/f]wL cleofg sxf“af6 ;'? u5{, cfkm\g} kf6L{af6, ;/sf/af6 of gful/s ;dfhaf6 <

– kf6L{ ;efkltn] ;+;b\df o;af/]df :ki6 ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . To;nfO{ k"/f ug]{ bfloTj / lhDd]jf/L ;/sf/sf] xf] . ;/sf/n] cljnDa Pp6f pRr:t/Lo cfof]u u7g u/]/ e|i6frf/ lj/f]wL sf/jfxL yfNg'k5{ . kf6L{ ;efklt :jo+n] of] cleofg g]kfnL sf+u|];af6 g} ;'? xf];\ egL ;Sg' ePsf] 5 .

u sf+u|]; kf6L{df e|i6x? slt 5g\ xf]nf <

– klxn] Pp6f pRr:t/Lo cfof]u aGg lbg';\, To;}n] kQf nufp"5 .

u sf+u|];n] e|i6frf/sf] lj/f]wdf efif0f dfq} u5{, Tof] sfof{Gjog x'"b}g eGg] 5fk hgdfg;df k/]sf] 5 lg <

– oxL s'/f d}n] k6s k6s eGb} cfPsf] x'" . clxn] :jod\ kf6L{ ;efkltHo"n] ;+;bdf pRr:t/Lo cfof]u u7g u/ eg]/ elg;Sg' ePsf] 5 . h;n] e|i6frf/ u/]sf] 5, To;nfO{ ca h]n k7fpg} k5{ . xfd|f l5d]sL b]zx?d} x]g'{;, hlt;'s} pRr kbsf dfG5] lsg gx'g h]n k/]sf 5g\ .

u====sf+u|];sf 5g\ eg] klg sf/jfxL x'G5 <

– 5fglag x'g lbg';\ g . sf+u|];n] dfq e|i6frf/ u¥of] elgofÚ5 . ca ;a}sf] e|i6frf/sf] kf]n v'Ng]5 . o; aLrdf s;n] 7"nf] ljlN8ª agfof], s;n] kh]/f] ;+:s[ltÚ ;'? u¥of], ;a} s'/f aflx/ cfpg] 5 . e|i6frf/ ug]{ dfdnfdf Pdfn], dfn], /fk|kfsf dfG5] emg\ cufl8 b]lvPsf 5g\ . ;a}n] ;hfo kfpg'k5{ .

u e|i6frf/ 5fglag ug]{ pRr:t/Lo cfof]u s;sf] g]t[Tjdf u7g x'G5 <

– Goflos cfof]u u7g ug'{k5{ . To;df Gofo IF]qsf dfG5] x'G5g\ . o; lbzfdf ;/sf/n] tbf?stfsf;fy sfd ug'{k5{ .

u ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ aGg ;Snf <

– of] ljifo 5nkmns} qmddf 5 .

u tkfO{+ k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] k|ltåGåL x'g'x'G5, ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj kl/jt{g ePdf ca k|wfgdGqL sf] aGnf < lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf of ;'zLn sf]O/fnf <

– d s;}sf] k|ltåGåL xf]Og . ;+;bLo bndf g]tfsf] r'gfj x'G5, To;df hf] klg p7g ;S5, klxnf o;df :ki6 x'g';\ . ;+;bLo bnn] h;nfO{ g]tf 5fG5 pxL k|wfgdGqL aG5 .

u tkfO{+ k|wfgdGqL aGg] ;+efjgf 5}g <

– lsg 5}g < ;+;bLo bndf d /x'~h]n Tof] ;Defjgf /xG5 .

u k|wfgdGqL / tkfO{+aLr s:tf] ;DaGw 5 <

– k|wfgdGqL;+u d]/f] ;DaGw lsg lju|g' k¥of] < z]/axfb'/hL g]kfnL sf+u|];s} k|wfgdGqL xf]Og / < kqsf/x? g} o;df e|d lsg l;h{gf ug{ vf]H5g\, dnfO{ yfxf 5}g . z]/axfb'/ b]pjfhL;+usf] d]/f] JolQmut ;DaGwn] /fhgLltdf s'g} dtna /fVb}g . d kf6L{ut ?kdf ;f]R5' . kf6L{n] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ k|ltj]bg lbO;s]sf] 5, k|wfgdGqL To; cg's"n lx+8\g'k5{ .

u kf6L{ ;efkltn] ;+;bLo ;ldlt / sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldlt PskIfLo u7g ug'{ ePsf] cf/f]k 5 lg <

– of] klg em'7f] s'/f xf] . ;+;bLo sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldlt ljwfgtM u7g ePsf] 5 . To;nfO{ kf6L{ ;efkltn] s]Gb|Lo sfo{ ;ldltsf] cfufdL a}7sdf k|:t't ug'{ x'g]5 . lrQ a'em] ga'em]sf] lg0f{o sfo{ ;ldltn] ubf{ k/Dk/f g} oxL xf] . kf6L{ ;efkltn] cfkm\gf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/]/ ljwfg cg'?k tL ;ldlt agfpg' ePsf] xf] .

u ;ldltdf /fdrGb| kf}8]n / v'daxfb'/ v8\sf h:tf g]tfx?nfO{ lsg kfvf nufOof] <

– of] s'/f kf6L{ ;efkltnfO{ ;f]Wg';\ . d}n] s] eGg ;S5' / <

u dfcf]jfbL;+u ;/sf/n] km]l/ jftf{ ug]{ ;f]rfO{ agfPsf] xf] <

– ca jftf{sf] s'/} 5}g . dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf/Lx?n] Toqf] dfG5] df/]sf 5g\, Toqf] xTof u/]sf 5g, k|x/L / ;]gfn] aL/ult k|fKt ul//x]sf] a]nf pgLx?;+u s;/L jftf{ ug{ ;lsG5 . h;n] jftf{sf] s'/f u5{ p;sf] dfcf]jfbL;+u ;+nUgtf 5 eGg] s'/f k|i6 x'G5 .

u sf+u|];n] k|d'v k|ltkIfL Pdfn];+usf] ;DaGw lgs} ;'wf/]sf] 5, ca Pdfn] / sf+u|]; xft]dfnf] u/]/ cl3 a9\5g\ <

– /fi6«df oqf] ;+s6 5, Pdfn];+u dfq xf]Og, /fk|kf, ;+hdf], ;b\efjgf ;a};+u sf+u|]; xft]dfnf] ug{ rfxG5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] k|hftGqnfO{ ;kmntfk"j{s ;~rfng ug{ cfkm\gf sdhf]/L x6fpg' k5{ . k|hftGq ;'b[9 ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ;Qfdf uPsf] kf6L{sf] dfq xf]Og . ljkIfLsf] klg plQs} lhDd]jf/L 5 .

– Clif wdnf

b]zsf] ;'/Iffsf] lhDdf ljb]zLnfO{ lbPsf] xf] <

æo'4 d}bfgdf /fhb"tsf] e|d0f×Æ×× clxn] ;a}lt/ rrf{sf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . g]kfnsf nflu ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf /fhb"t dfOsn O= dfUn]gf]i:sL Pp6f 6f]nL;lxt utxKtf dfcf]jfbL o'4u|:t If]qsf lhNnfx? c5fd, ;Nofg, bfª / af“s]sf] g]kfnu~hsf] e|d0f u/]/ kmls{g'eof] . t/ PsxKtf cl3sf] of] e|d0fnfO{ clxn];Dd klg s;}n] ;xh dfg]sf 5}gg\ .

/fhb"t dxf]bon] of] e|d0fsf] nflu ;/sf/;+u cg'dlt dfUbf k"/} ;b/d'sfd ;vfk ePsf] c5fdsf] d+un;]gdf cfuf] lge]sf] lyPg . k"/} ;'/IffsdL{sf] Ps} lrxfg ePsf] / gof“ uPsf ;'/IffsdL{ ;a} ;/sf/L ejg Wj:t ePsf sf/0f kfn 6fu]/ al;/x]sf Tof] ;b/d'sfddf of] e|d0f slt hf]lvdo'Qm lyof] eGg] cfkm}+ cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . Tof] cj:yf /fhb"t cfkm}+n] klg b]Vg'eof] . Tof] If]q cem} ;~rf/ ljR5]bs} cj:yfdf 5 . To;sf] nuQ} oxL lhNnfsf] l5d]sL ;Nofgdf ePsf] cfqmd0fdf Ps} 7fp"df #$ hgf ;'/IffsdL{sf] xTof ePsf] lyof] . o;}aLr nueu oxL If]qdf / ltgsf l5d]sL lhNnfdf ;]gf / dfcf]jfbLaLr le8Gt x'"bf *) eGbf a9L ;+Vofsf dfcf]jfbLx? dfl/Psf] ;dfrf/ cfO/x]sf lyP . cyf{t\ o'4 em08} r/d ;Ldfd} rln/x]sf] oL 36gfx?n] g} atfp"5g\ . o:tf] a]nf cd]l/sfn] lsg tL If]qsf] :ynut e|d0f ug{ rfx\of] Tof] a]nf s'g} eljtJo eOlbPsf] eP To;sf] lhDdf s;n] lnGy] cflb k|Zg ;a}lt/ p7\g yfn]sf 5g\ .

s'g} klg s"6gLlts lgof]usf s'g} klg JolQmTj / ef}lts j:t'x?sf] ;'/Iffsf] lhDdf ;DalGwt b]zsf] ;/sf/sf] x'G5 . of] ;+;f/e/L oxL s'/f nfu" 5 . To;sf/0f klg cd]l/sL /fhb"tsf] of] e|d0f ;Gbe{sf ;Dk"0f{ hf]lvd oxL b]zsf] ;/sf/n] p7fpg' kg]{ x'GYof] . clxn] ;fdflhs sfd ug{ jf To:t} s'g} JolQmx?sf] e|d0f hf] k"0f{ :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ x'G5 . To;sf nflu cg's"n jftfj/0f gePsf] egL :yfgLo txsf lgsfox?n] hjfkm lbg] u/]sf cj:yf ljBdfg 5 . /fhb"tsf] e|d0f ;/sf/sf] cg'dlt j]u/ ePsf] xf]Og, s'6gLlts k|rng cg';f/ b"tfjf; /x]sf] If]qaf6 s'g} s'6g}lts JolQmTj cGoq hfg Tof] b]zsf] ;/sf/sf] cg'dlt clgjfo{ x'G5 . To;sf/0f klg of] e|d0f cg'dlt j]u/sf] lyPg eGg] cfkm}+ k|i6 5 . cg'dlt lbgsf nflu ;DalGwt b]zn] OR5f hfx]/ ug}{ k5{ . To;f] eP cd]l/sfn] o:tf] a]nf To:tf] OR5f lsg k|s6 u¥of] ;a}n] a'em\g g;s]sf] ljifo klg oxL xf] . cd]l/sf 7"nf] / zlQm ;DkGg b]z xf] . To;sf] OR5fnfO{ g]kfnh:tf] ;fgf] b]zn] To;} OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf /x"b}g . clxn] g]kfn ;a}lt/af6 ;xof]u rflx/x]sf] 5 . Tof] ;xof]usf] xft cd]l/sf;+u klg km}lng' c:jfefljs xf]Og . cd]l/sfn] g]kfnnfO{ s] s:tf] ;xof]u ug]{ eGg] rrf{x? klg rln/x]sf lyP / 5g\ . To:tf] a]nf dxfzlQm /fi6«n] k|s6 u/]sf] o:tf] rfxgfnfO{ g]kfnn] k"/f ug{ nueu afWo g} x'g'kg]{ x'G5 . s'g} klg ?kn] cg's"n b]lvb}g, t/ cfkm"dfly rfxgf k|s6 e};s]kl5 To;nfO{ c:jLsf/ klg ug{ g;Sg] ;fgf] b]zsf] o:tf] cK7]/f]nfO{ cd]l/sfh:tf] 7"nf] b]zn] lsg dx;"; ug{ ;s]g, lh1f;fsf] h/f] oxL xf] . g]kfnn] cd]l/sfsf] rfxgf k"/f u¥of] . t/ o:tf] jfWotfdf k/]sf] Pp6f b]zn] cfkm\gf] rfxgf k"/f ug'{nfO{ sdhf]/L ;+em]/ o:tf clenfiffx? æbfbflu/LÆsf] dfgl;stf xf] / >L % sf] ;/sf/n] s'g} /fhb"tnfO{ To:t} ;Dj]bgzLn If]qdf n}hfg' bf; / cf}klgj]lzs dfgl;stf xf] .

oxf“g]/ ;/sf/sf] sdhf]/L b]lvof] . d'n's rnfp"5' egL ;Qfdf a;]kl5 s'g} klg ;/sf/n] /fi6«sf] cl:tTjdfly gsf/fTds k|efj kg]{ / unt k/Dk/f a:g] sfdnfO{ ljgd|tfk"j{s c:jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg'kb{Yof] . To;f] ul/Psf] b]lvPg . ef]ln s'g} b]zsf csf{ /fhb"tsf] o:t} a]nf, s'j]nf o:tf] OR5f hfx]/ u/] eg] s] x'G5 < 36gf ;fgf] xf]nf t/ xf]8jfhLn] k|lti7fsf] k|Zg aGof] eg] gof“ ;+s6 cfpg ;S5 . g]kfnsf] k//fi6« gLlt c;+nUg l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t 5 . To:tf] /fi6«dfly cd]l/sfn] b]vfPsf] of] x]kfOo'Qm Jojxf/n] of] b]zn] ckgfPsf] To:tf] gLltsf] dd{dfly ;d]t k|xf/ u/]sf] dx;"; ul/Psf] 5 . cd]l/sL /fhb"tsf] of] e|d0fdf of] b]zsf ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkgk|lt ;d]t ?lr b]vfPsf] kfOof] . o;nfO{ lgb]{zg lbg] sfd eg] klg x'G5 . ;}lgs Joj:yfkgk|lt cd]l/sfsf] ljz]if ?lr o;eGbf cl3 klg b]lv;lsPsf] lyof] . cd]l/sL ljb]zdGqL sf]lng kfjnsf] g]kfn e|d0f qmddf ;/sf/n] lbPsf] ljz]if t/ cfklQhgs 5'6nfO{ To;a]nf klg ko{j]Ifsn] ;xh dfg]sf lyPgg\ . /fhb"tnfO{ o:tf] 5'6 lbPkl5 w]/}n] eGg yfn]sf 5g\— s] b]zsf] ;'/Iff ljb]zLs} lhDdfdf lbPsf] xf] t < ;xof]usf] jrg kfpb}df /fi6«sf] cl:dtfdf v]Njf8 ug{ lbg] <

;xdltsf] ljGb'sf] vf]hL

tLg lbg kl5 -kmfu'g @) ut]_ ;dfKt x'g nfu]sf] g]kfn ef/t jfl0fHo ;lGw gjLs/0fsf] nflu b'j} b]zsf clwsf/Lx? æb'j} b]zsf] clxt gx'g]Æ ljGb' klxNofpg ef/tsf] /fhwfgL gof“lbNnLdf hf]8tf]8sf;fy h'l6/x]sf 5g\ . cl:t a'wjf/ k|f/De ePsf] jftf{df b'j} kIf s]xL nlrnf] ?kdf k|:t't eP klg ;lGw gjLs/0fsf nflu afws ag]sf g]kfnaf6 ef/t lgsf;L x'g] kf“r j:t'df slt k|ltzt d"No clea[l4 nufpg] eGg] ljifodf ;xdlt x'gf;fy ;lGw gjLs/0f x'g]5 .

ef/tn] clxn] /fv]sf dfu cfkm\gf] ;'/Iff / /fi6«sf] lxt rfxg] ef/tLo Jofkf/Lx?sf] bjfjsf ;fy} xfd|} ;/sf/sf] u}/–lhDd]bf/Lkgf klg sf/s /x]sf] ef/tsf nflu zfxL g]kfnL /fhb"t 8f=e]ifaxfb'/ yfkfn] ;d]t k'li6 ug'{ ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– ætLg jif{b]lv ef/tn] ;lGwk|lt gsf/fTds b[li6sf]0f /fVb} cfp"bf klg To;nfO{ a'em]/ gLltut tyf Jojxf/ut kl/jt{g ug{ g;Sg' xfd|f] klg sdhf]/L xf] . clxn] ljZje/ k|lt:kwf{sf cfwf/df Jofkf/ x'G5 . o;nfO{ a'em]/ xfdLn] cfly{s ;+/rgf tof/ ug'{k5{ . /fhb"t yfkfn] g]kfnn] k|lt:kwf{df hfg' kg]{ ;do cfPsf] / ;w}+e/L ;x'lnotsf] cfzf ug{ gx'g] atfp"b} eGg'ePsf] 5– æef/tn] k"0f{ Jofkfl/s cjwf/0ffsf cfwf/df ;lGw gjLs/0f ug{ vf]h]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ xfdLn] a'em\g' k5{ .Æ

;lGw gjLs/0fsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ ljjfb pTkGg eO;s]kl5 klg g]kfnaf6 lautdf eGbf klg a9L jg:klt £o" ef/ttkm{ k7fOPsf] s'/f cfPkl5 ef/t emg\ If'Aw ePsf] a'lemG5 . b'O{ k|=d=x?aLr jftf{kl5 Dofb ylkPsf] of] # dlxgfsf] cjlwdf g]kfnL Jofkf/Lx?n] Ps} lbgdf # s/f]8 eGbf klg a9L d"Nosf] jg:klt £o" ef/ttkm{ lgsf;L u/]sf] tYo km]nf k/]sf] 5 . h'g ;fdfGo cj:yfsf] kl/0ffd lgSs} a9L xf] . Jofkf/Lx?sf] o:tf sltko tYon] gfhfoh sfo{n] ;/sf/nfO{ cK7\of/f]df kf/]sf] 5 . ef/tLo kIfn] sf7df8f}+df ;DkGg 5}7f}+ r/0fsf] jftf{df kl/df0ffTds aGb]h jf %) k|ltzt;Dd d"No clea[l4 nufpg] k|:tfj /fv]sf] lyof] . t/ Tolt d"No cleJolQm ubf{ g]kfnL pTkfbgn] ef/tdf k|lt:kwf{ ug}{ g;Sg] atfPkl5 #% k|ltztdf pq]sf] lyof] . To:t}, g]kfn kIf ;'?df d"No clea[l4 / kl/df0ffTds b'j} :jLsfg{ tof/ lyPg, t/ kl5 @@ k|ltzt;Dd d"No clea[l4 nufpg] ;}4flGts ;xdlt hgfPsf] lyof] . k|ltztdf s'/f gldn]/ jftF{ :ylut ul/Psf] lyof] .

ef/tn] g]kfnaf6 ef/tLo ahf/df lgjf{w ?kdf uO/x]sf jg:klt £o", oflqmlns ofg{, tfdfsf] tf/, l:6n kfOk / lhÍ cS;fO8 ef/tLo ahf/df gsf/fTds k|efj kf/]sf] atfp"b} ls kl/df0ffTds jGb]h nufOof];\ ls d"No clea[l4 ul/of];\ egL nfdf] ;dob]lv hf]8 lbOcfPsf] 5 . klxn] k|:tfjn] ;DalGwt Jofkf/Lsf] :jfy{df cf3ft k'U5 eg] bf];|f] k||:tfjn] To:tf Jofkf/LnfO{ ef/ yKg] t/ b]znfO{ kmfObf k'¥ofpg] sfd u5{ . /fh:j a[l4 x'g ;S5 . t/ ;/sf/ o;sf] nflu klg tof/ ePg . ;/sf/ o:tf Jofkf/Lx?nfO{ gfhfoh ;+/If0f lbO/x]sf] 5 .

;Qfdf a:g]x?n] o:tf pBf]unfO{ Jofkf/sf] cGt/f{li6«o dfGotf ;d]t ldr]/ ;+/If0f lbO/x]sf] wf/0ff cy{ljb\x?sf] 5 . o:tf slyt pBF]unfO{ lbPsf] ;+/If0faf6 ;DalGwt Jofkf/L afx]s k|foM s;}nfO{ kmfObf gePsf] s'/f cy{ljb\x? atfp"5g\ . pgLx? k|Zg u5{g\– ljb]zL sRrf kbfy{df cfwfl/t o:tf pBf]ux?nfO{ d"No clea[l4 ;d]t gnufO{ slxn];Dd 5'6 lbg] / lsg lbg] < ef/ttkm{ xfn g]kfnaf6 !*% j:t' lgsf;L x'G5g\ . ef/tLo kIfn] cfklQ hgfp"b} cfPsf % j:t'sf] lgsf;L hDdf !$ k|ltzt dfq x'g cfp"5 . To;}n] !$ k|ltzt Jofkf/sf] nflu *$ k|ltzt Jofkf/df cGof}n Nofpg' plrt gx'g] wf/0ff cy{ljb\x?sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] tL % j:t'df d"No clej[l4 nufP/ ;lGw tTsfn gjLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ ;'emfj klg pgLx?sf] 5 t/ Jofkf/Lx?sf] bjfjn] ubf{ ;/sf/n] ;dodf lg0f{o lbg ;s]g / d"No clea[l4 nufp"bf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] /fh:j a[l4 x'g] :ki6 5 . hlt w]/} d"No clea[l4 nufof] ;/sf/nfO{ k|ToIftM Tolt g} nfe x'g ;S5 . t/ To;f] ubf{ tL ;fdfu|Lx?sf] d"No a9\g] ePsfn] ef/tLo ahf/df ef/tLo pTkfbg;+u k|lt:kwf{ ug{ sl7gfO{ pTkGg ePsfn] ;/sf/n] 5'6 lbPsf] xf] . t/ tL pBf]ux?sf] ;'ljwfsf] emg\ emg\ b'?kof]u u/]sf] / ef/tn] cfklQ / c? lj1x?n] lgu/fgL ul//x]sf] a]nf klg emg\ 7"nf] kl/0ffddf ef/t lgof{t u/]sf] b]v]kl5 ltgLx?nfO{ of] ;'ljwf s]xL s6f}tL ug'{ g} pko'Qm x'g] 7x/df ;/sf/ k'u]sf] xf] . lbNnLdf xfn e}/x]sf] ;ftf} r/0fsf] jftf{df g]kfnL kIfsf] g]t[Tj pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnosf ;lrj efg'k|;fb cfrfo{ / ef/tLo 6f]nLsf] g]t[Tj Toxf“sf jfl0fHo ;lrj bLks r6hL{n] ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . g]kfnaf6 jftf{df efu lng !! ;b:oLo 6f]nL uPsf] 5 .

– hut g]kfn

ca /fli6«o ;/sf/ agfpg' k5{

/fwfs[i0f d}gfnL
g]tf, Pdfn]

kf6L{ ljefhgn] b]zsf] ;d:of xn ub}{g eGg] dfGotfn] ubf{ To;nfO{ cGTo u/]/ ljefhg xf]Og Pstfsf] wf/df hfg' kg]{ cfjZostf dx;"; ul/of] . kf6L{ ljefhg x'g] ljlQs} klg o;nfO{ km]l/ Pstfdf hfg] k|lqmof ;'? eO/xG5 . ;g\ !(^) ;fnb]lv sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? ljefhg x'"b} g]kfndf !@÷!# j6f sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? ljsl;t ePsf 5g\ . olt w]/} hgk|efj ;Dxfn]/ klg hgtfnfO{ /fxt lbg g;s]sf] dx;"; @)%$ ;fndf dfn] ljefhg x'"bf klg ePsf] xf] . ljefhg PskIfaf6 rfx]/ dfq x'"b}g . ljefhg v'zLn] x'"b}g, afWotfn] ubf{ g} x'G5 . Tolta]nf PsLs[t g]t[Tjn] clnslt a'l4 k'¥ofPsf] eP kf6L{ ljefhg x'"b}gYof] . Pdfn]leqs} s6'tf / ljeflht kIf hlt pQ]lht eP klg ax'dt kIf Tof] eGbf a9L lhDd]jf/ eOlbPsf] eP ljefhg x'"b}gYof] . kf6L{ ljefhgkl5 tTsfn ljefhgsf /]vf d]6\g df]rf{ut ?kdf cufl8 hfg k|of; klg k|z:t eof] . Tof] ;Dej ePg . t/ clxn] lxhf]sf] ljefhgsf] a]nfsf] g]t[Tjn] ljefhgaf6 kmfObf 5}g eGg] dx;"; u¥of] . pgLx?n] dx;"; u/]kl5 dfq Pstf ePsf] xf] . t/ aflx/ lxhf]sf] dfn] kIfw/n] ljefhgsf] cf}lrTo gb]v]/ Pstf u/]sf] k|rf/df cfPsf] 5, Tof] oyfy{ xf]Og . Ps ;do Pdfn]– g]skf dfn]nfO{ /fhgLlts kf6L{ dfGg klg tof/ lyPg, To;a]nf kf6L{ Pstfsf] u'~hfo; g} lyPg . To;}n] ubf{ klg Pstf sfod ug{ l9nf] ePsf] xf] .

ax'bn cfO;s]kl5 h'g, h'g kf6L{ ;/sf/df uP, ltgsf g]tf cyf{t\ k|wfgdGqLx? b"/ufdL b[li6sf]0f ePsf sf]xL klg lyPgg\ . b]z ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos y'k|} s'/fsf] sdLsf afah'b klg pgLx?df ælehgÆ ePg . g]tfx?df cfjZos kg]{ y'k|} u'0fx?dWo] lehg, OdfGbfl/tf / ;lqmotf xf] . ;lqmotf t y'k|} g]tfx?df /x\of] . t/ OdfGbfl/tfsf] dfqf Hofbf /x]g . g]tfx?df /fHok|ltsf] jkmfbfl/tf dfq /x\of] eg] klg w]/} ljsf; x'G5 . g]tfx? kf6L{ut :jfy{ / lghL :jfy{eGbf dfly p7]/ /fli6«o :jfy{df k'Ug ;s]gg\ . t/ pgLx?df x'"b} gePsf] s'/f rflx+ …lehgÚ xf] . of] ;fk6L lnP/ x'"b}g . Oltxf; ePsf, lehg gePsf g]tfx?sf] xftdf g]t[Tj uPsf]n] a]/f]huf/L / ul/aL a9\of] eg] hgtfsf] kf6L{ / ;/sf/k|ltsf] cf:yf / ljZjf; 36\of] . o:tf] a]nfdf dfcf]jfbLx? pu| ;f]r lnP/ cfP . oBlk pu|jfb ul/jLdf dfq xf]Og ;DkGgtfdf klg cfp"5 . t/ oxf“ …lehgÚljxLg g]t[Tjn] ubf{ dfcf]jfbL a9\of] . lehgljxLgtfn] ul/jL Nofof], u/LjLn] lg/fz Nofof], lg/fzfn] pu|tf Nofof] . ;du| d'n'ssf] o:tf] l:yltn] k|hftflGqs cEof;df ePsf] ;+s6 pTkGg eof] h;nfO{ xfdLn] ;+s6sfn 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5f}+ . b]zsf] slt k|ltzt e"–efudf ;/sf/ 5 eg]/ vf]Hg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 . o:tf] a]nfdf klg g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] g]t[Tjk+lQm u[xsnxdf em]ln/x]sf] 5 . p;n] b]zsf] ;+s6 a'em]s} 5}g . clxn] ;+;b\sf] :yfg ul0ftLo eO;s]sf] 5, /fhgLlts k|efjdf ;+;b\ 5}g . o:tf] a]nfdf cfk;df ldNg g;Sg] sf+u|];n] c? /fhgLlts kf6L{x?nfO{ ldnfpg] s'/f t w]/} k/sf] xf] . o;n] dfn], Pdfn]sf] g]t[Tj d08nLdf 7"nf] lrGtf 5fof] . b]z ;+s6df ePsf] a]nfdf c? kf6L{aLr Pstf ;Dej geP klg sDtLdf b'O{ kf6L{ ldn]df Pstf k|s/0fn] :jf; km]g]{ l:ylt agfpg ;S5 . kf6L{ PsLs/0fn] lglj{sNk gof“ ljsNk lbG5 eGg] bfjL ul/Psf] 5}g, t/ gof“ k|hftflGqs ljsNk lbg] k|of;:j?k PsLs/0f ePsf] xf] . To;}sf/0f xfdLn] cfkm\gf] cxd\x? 5f8]/ /fli6«o :jfy{sf] nflu kf6L{ PsLs/0fdf uPsf xf}+ . k|hftflGqs kf6L{sf] ljsNk lbgsf] nflu ul/Psf] o; k|of;n] k|hftflGqs zf;g k4lt arfpg klg d2t ub{5 . Pstfaf6 klg gof“ hfu/0f Nofpg ;lsPg, Pstfsf] l;nl;nfdf ;+sL0f{tf 5fof], jf Pstfsf] gfddf gof“ nx/ Nofpg ;lsPg eg] Tof] b'ef{Uo x'g]5 . dfn], Pdfn]sf] Pstfn] sDtLdf oL b'O{sf] zlQmnfO{ PsLs[t ug{ ;lsPsf] v08df o;n] Pp6f ljsNk tof/ kfg{ ;S5 .

PsL/0fdf dfn]sf ;a} ;fyLx? ;d]l6g' ePsf] 5}g . clwst/ dfn]sf sfo{stf{nfO{ Nofpg' k5{ . Nofpg ;lsPg eg] o;n] klg gof“ nx/ Nofp"b}g . h'g kIf clxn] PsLs[t ePg To;n] /fi6«sf] :jfy{eGbf klg cfkm\gf] gLltsf] :jfy{nfO{ d'Vo 7fGof] . To; kIfn] ;}4flGts :jfy{ / cfkm\gf] cx+dtfnfO{ k|d'v 7fGof] . dfn]–Pdfn] ldNg] l;nl;nfdf JolQmsf] dg, efjgf xflb{stf slt ldNof] Tof] cfkm\gf] 7fp"df 5 . ljefhgsf] a]nfsf] h:tf] s6'tf clxn] PsLs[t ePkl5 g]tfx?aLr 5}g . ljefhg k5fl8 hf]l8+bf :jfefljs ?kdf s]xL cj/f]w, cfu|xx? t eOxfN5g\ . t/ Pdfn] g]t[Tjn] To;nfO{ ca la:tf/} s'Nrb} / la;{+b} cufl8 a9\g' k5{ . of] g} clxn]sf] cfjZostf xf] . xfdL gldn]sf] v08df sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng dfq xf]Og b]z u+eL/ ;+s6df hfg] b]lvof] . /fli6«o :jfy{sf] nflu xfdL ldNof}+ . t/ s]xL ;fyLx?n] o;/L a'em\g ;Sg' ePg . cfd hgtf sf+u|];sf] alnof] ljsNk rfxG5g\ . Tof] ljsNk Pdfn] aGg'k5{ . To;sf nflu xfdLdWo] lxhf] s;n] s] u/]sf] lyof] eGg] eGbf klg ca ljsNk agfpglt/ nfUg' a'l4dfgL xf] .

b]z h'g ;+s6df 5, xfdL dfq Ps eP/ klg o;sf] ;dfwfg gx'g ;S5 . Tof] eGbf j[xQ/ ?kdf ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{x? sfo{qmlds Pstfdf Pp6f df]rf{df cfpg'k5{ . @–# jif{df b]znfO{ cfly{s, ;fdflhs ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ;xdlt x'g'k5{ . Tof] ;xdltsf] cfwf/df Pp6f df]rf{ lgdf{0f ul/g' k5{ h;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ Pp6f /fli6«o ;/sf/ rflxG5 . o;/L cufl8 a9\of] eg] l;i6d cufl8 a9\5 . t/ o;f] eGg] ljlQs} sf+u|];sf s]xL ldqx?nfO{ …PnhL{Ú x'G5 . pxf“x?nfO{ ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] ax'dt xftdf 5 eGg] 3d08 5 . t/ pxf“x?sf] ax'dt pxf“x?sf] uf]hLdf klg 5}g . 6fpsf] ug]/ dfq zf;g ug{ ;ls+b}g . sf+u|];sf] clxn]sf] zf;g / g]t[Tj km]n eO;Sof] . o:tf] xfntdf sf+u|];n] cfkm"nfO{ zf;s xf] eGg' of] eGbf d'Vof{+O{ c? s]xL x'g ;Sb}g . sDtLdf pgLx? cfk;df ldNg] xf] eg] klg To;n] Pp6f dfxf}n ljsf; ug{ / gof“ jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ ;S5 . t/ Tof] ;Dej b]lvb}g . t;y{ ca ;a} bnaLr ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ aGg' k5{ .

;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{x? ca Ps 7fp"df cfpg' k5{ . To;n] df]rf{ agfpg] / cfly{s sfo{qmd to ug]{ / o;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ;+ljwfgdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg ug'{k5{ . oxf“ s'g} Pp6f /fhgLlts kf6L{n] dfq klg b]z xf“Sg ;Sg] l:ylt 5}g . ;+s6sfn cg'df]bg ug]{ a]nfdf ;a} g]tfx?n] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgk|lt /fli6«o ;/sf/sf] s'/fnfO{ ;Qf;+u dfq hf]l8g' x'Gg . ;'wf/sf] Kofs]h tof/ kf/]kl5 sf+u|];n] g} ;xL 9+un] nfu" u5{ eGg] s] cfwf/ 5 < cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ x'"bf ;d]t cfk;L lvrftfgLdf ?dlNng] sf+u|];n] ca aGg] Kofs]h s;/L nfu" unf{ < kTofpg] s'g} cfwf/ 5}g . d'n'ssf] ljsf;sf] nflu ;a} Psh'6 eP/ hfg'k5{ . o;f] ubf{ lgjf{rgsf] Dof08]6 pNn+3g u/]sf] eGg ldNb}g . b]zdf clxn] cfPsf] ;+s6sf] Dof08]6 s;n] lbof] < lgjf{rgsf] rfxgf cg';f/ sf+u|];n] zf;g u¥of] . lgjf{rgdf g;f]lrPsf] ;+s6 b]zdf clxn] cfO;s]sf]n] Tof] Dof08]6eGbf cufl8 hfg'k5{ . df]rf{ gagfOsg csf]{ pkfo 5}g . sf+u|]; g]t[Tj cfkm+}n] klg df]rf{sf] s'/f u/]sf] 5 .

k|:t'lt– k|sfz lu/L

kf}8]nsf] k'sf/

ldltM @)%*÷!!÷!^

cfb/0fLo ;efkltHo"

g]kfnL sf+u|]; s]Gb|Lo sfof{no

6]s', sf7df8f}+ .

ljifoM kf6L{ ljwfgsf] kfngf xf];\ eGg] af/] .

dxf]bo,

oxL kmfu'g !$ ut]sf ;~rf/ dfWodx?af6 g]kfnL sf+u|];sf æs]Gb|Lo sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldltÆ / æ;+;bLo ;ldltÆsf] u7g ul/Psf] s'/f k|sfzdf cfPsf] 5 . oL b'O{ ;ldlt g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ljwfgsf] wf/f @% / @& cGtu{t ul7t x'g] ;ldlt x'g\ . oL b'a} wf/f cg';f/ oL ;ldltx?sf] u7g s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltn] cfkm"dWo]af6 ug]{5 / wf/f @% sf] pkwf/f -#_ df æs]Gb|Lo sfo{ ;ldltn] cfkm"dWo]af6 s]Gb|Lo sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldltsf nflu a9Ldf & hgf ;b:o rog ug]{5Æ elgPsf] 5 eg] wf/f @& sf] pkwf/f -#_df ;+;bLo ;ldltdf a9Ldf & hgf ;b:o sfo{;ldltn] tf]Sg]5 eg]/ :ki6 pNn]v ePsf] 5 . of] ætf]Sg]5Æ eGg] zAbn] t ljleGg lgjf{rgdf kf6L{sf tkm{af6 pDd]bjf/ 5gf}6 ug]{ lhDd]jf/L jxg ug]{ ;+;bLo ;ldlt ;j{:jLsfo{ / tdfd sfo{stf{n] k"0f{?kdf ljZjf; / e/f];f ug{ nfos ;+:yf x'g'kg]{ x'gfn] ;j{;Ddt ?kdf u7g x'g'kg]{ s'/f tkm{ ;+s]t ul/Psf] 5 .

o;/L kf6L{sf] ;jf]{Rr txdf /x]sf o:tf dxTjk"0f{ ;ldltx? s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7s g} gj;L, Toxf“ s'g} 5nkmn g} ge} u7g ePsf] elgPsf] s'/f xfd|f] ljwfgsf] ;j{yf lj?4df /x]sf] tkm{ ;efkltHo"sf] Wofgfsif{0f ub{5' . ;fy} k|hftGq ljlwsf] zf;gsf nflu hLjge/ ;+3if{ ub}{ cfPsf s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf tdfd ;fyLx?sf] klg Wofgfsif{0f ub{5' .

;efklt dxf]bo,

xfd|f] kf6L{ g]kfnL sf+u|]; nueu ljut 5 bzsb]lv k|hftGq, ljlwsf] zf;g / :jtGq cf}+ ;Ddflgt hLjgsf nflu lg/Gt/ n8\b} cfPsf] kf6L{ xf] . cw{ ;fdGtL k/Dk/faf6 u'h|b} cfPsf] g]kfnL ;dfhnfO{ k|hftflGqs hLjg k4lt / cfw'lgs ;dfhdf ?kfGtl/t ug]{ dxfg bfloTj af]s]sf] xfd|f] kf6L{n] cfkm"leq} ljlw;Ddt Jojxf/ / k|hftflGqs cEof;nfO{ k|blz{t ug{ ;lsPg eg] s;/L ;dfhnfO{ gof“ af6f]tkm{ lx+8fpg] sfdsf] cu'jfO{ ug{ ;lsPnf < :jljj]s, ckf/blz{tf / cJoj:yfsf lj?4 ;xdlt consensus / lglZrt cfwf/ criteria tyf kf/blz{tf / lglZrt k4ltsf] ;+:s[lt xf] . k|hftGq / k|hftGqsf s'g} klg ;+:yfdf ;+:yf k|d'vx? j/fj/x?sf aLr Ps gDa/ (first among equal) sf] ?kdf x'G5g\ / lg0f{osf] cfwf/ :jljj]s x}g lglZrt l;4fGt x'G5 . lgwf{l/t k|lqmofdf lx+8\g lememf] dfg]/ ;lhnf] af6f] vf]Hbf cg]s u8a8L / lj;+ult pTkGg ePsf x'G5g\ . hf] e}/x]sf 5g\ .

;efklt dxf]bo,

cfh g]kfndf k|hftflGqs k4lt grfxg]x? cToGt pu| / lx+;s eP/ xfdL dfly cfqmd0f ul//x]5g\ . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] hLjgdf o:tf] ;+s6 slxNo} cfPsf] lyPg . cfh xfd|f] cufl8 rf}tkmL{ r'gf}tL pkl:yt 5g\ . pu|jfbLtTjaf6 k|hftGq ;dfKt kfg]{ lgof]lht if8\oGq cGt/ut dfcf]jfbL cft+sn] cfh b]ze/sf k|hftGqsf of}4f xfd|f kf6L{sf ;fyL cfkm\gf ufp"3/af6 lj:yflkt u/fOPsf 5g\ / Ps Ps u/L g[z+; xTofsf lzsf/ agfOPsf 5g\ . o:tf] 38Ldf kf6L{leq k"0f{ Pstf / ljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f sfod ub}{ d"n d'2fdf s]lGb|t /x]/ uDeL/ 5nkmn u/L b]zdf zflGt axfn u/fpg] tkm{ k|oTgzLn /xg'sf] ;f6f] xfdL st} ;Lldt :jfy{sf ;fgfltgf s'/fx?df clNemg], cfk;d} cljZjf; / c;'/IffnfO{ a9fjf lbg] / :jod\ cl:y/tf lgDTofpg] sfo{df t cNdlnPsf 5}gf}+ < eGg] k|Zg cfh rf/}lt/ p7\g yfn]sf 5g\ . :jod\ ;efkltHo"n] cl3 ;fg'{ ePsf] æa[xt\ k|hftflGqs PstfÆsf] k|Zgdf kf6L{sf a}7sdf oy]i6 5nkmn gx'g] / g]kfnL sf+u|];n] /fhgLlts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs ;'wf/sf sbdx? s'g ;Ldf / xb;Dd rfNg tof/ x'g] xf] eGg] cfkm\gf] :ki6 b[li6sf]0f lgdf{0f u/L k|ltkIf;+u To;}sf cfwf/df ;xdlt lgdf{0f ug]{ sf]lz; gx'g] / ptf eg] ;efklthL / k|wfgdGqLhL Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ k|ltkIf ;fd' lg?Q/ / lg/Lx b]lvg] lbzftkm{ tflgb} uPsf] cfef; x'g yfNg' kf6L{ / k|hftGq b'a}sf nflu z'e ;+s]t dfGg ;lsb}g .

cfhsf] d"n d'2f eg]sf] xTof, lx+;f / cft+ssf] ;dflKt g} xf] . of] nIo k|flKtdf s] s:tf ;'wf/ ;xfos x'g ;S5g\ eGg] s'/fdf s]lGb|t /x]/ kf6L{leq oy]i6 5nkmn lsg x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g < s] oL ;a} sf/0f xfdLn] cfkm"leq k4ltsf] ljsf; ug{ g;s]sf]n] t x}g < g]kfnL sf+u|];n] g} ljlw;Ddt k|lqmof / k|hftflGqs cfbz{nfO{ rl/tfy{ ub}{ ToxL dof{bfleq /x]/ lg0f{o ug]{ / ;dfwfgsf] vf]hL ug]{ k|oTg gug]{ xf] eg] xfdLaf6 ;dfhn] s] lzIff kfp"5 < otflt/ u+eL/ x'g d ;efkltHo" dfkm{t\ kf6L{sf tdfd ;fyLx?nfO{ xflb{s cfu|x ub{5' . cfh pTkGg ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ljs[lt, lj;+ult, lx+;f / c;'/Iffh:tf ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg k|hftflGqs k4ltn] g} lbg ;S5 eGg] s'/f l;4 ug]{ pQ/bfloTj sf+u|];s} sf“wdf 5 .

ctM kf6L{sf] b[li6sf]0f lgdf{0f, gLlt lgwf{/0f / lg0f{o k|lqmofdf k|hftflGqs dfGotf / z}nLsf] k"0f{ kl/kfng / ljlw;Ddt af6f]sf] cjnDag ub}{ cfk;df cljZjf; / cfz+sf k}bf x'g] cj;/ g} cfpg glbP/ ;+s6sf] 38Ldf Ps l9Ssf eP/ pleg], ;f]Rg] / r'gf}tLsf] d'sfljnf ug{ ;Ifd u/fpg] lbzftkm{ kf6L{nfO{ cl3 a9fpg ;efkltHo" :jod\n] kf6L{ ljwfgn] lgwf{l/t u/]sf] Joj:yfx?nfO{ sfod u/fpg kxn ug'{x'g]5 / k|hftflGqs kf6L{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] 5ljnfO{ c? pHHjn kfg{ ljwfg ljk/Lt x'g uPsf s'/fx?nfO{ ;Rofp"b} clxn] k|sfzdf cfPsf sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldlt / ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] u7g ;DaGwL lg0f{o lkmtf{ lnO{ ljlw;Ddt 9+uaf6 tL ;ldltx? u7g u/fpg] k|lqmof cl3 a9fpg'x'g]5 eGg] ljZjf;sf] ;fy cg'/f]w ub{5' .

;bf ;xof]uL

/fdrGb| kf}8]n,

af]wfy{M s]Gb|Lo ;b:o

s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf ;Dk"0f{ ;fyLx?