k|]d / hLjg

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…5\of s:tf] grflxg] s'/f u/]sf] †Ú

k'?ifn] :qLsf] lzn, :jefj / ;'Gb/tfsf] avfg u/]sf] w]/} ;'lgPsf] 5, t/ :qLn] k'?ifsf] u'0fsf] k|z+;f u/]sf] lj/n} ;'Gg kfOG5 . pk;efd'v lrqn]vf ofbj Pp6L o:tL dlxnf x'g'x'G5, hf] cfkm\gf >Ldfg\sf] k|z+;f u/]/ slxNo} yfSg' x'Gg\ .

æd]/f] h:tf] >Ldfg\ t ;+;f/df s;}sf] 5}gÆ lrqn]vfn] uj{sf;fy eGg'eof] .

ofbj ;d'bfo o:tf] ;d'bfo xf], hxf“ >Ldfg\n] cfkm\gL >LdtLaf6 ;Dk"0f{ ;]jfsf] rfxgf /fV5 . kl/jf/df dlxnfn] :jtGqtfaf6 al~rt x'g'k5{ t/ cfkm\gf klt 8f=>Ls[i0f ofbjdf To:tf] k|j[lQ gePsf] atfp"b} lrqn]vfn] eGg'eof]– d cfh h'g :yfgdf 5', o;sf k5fl8 >Ldfg\sf] lgs} 7"nf] Tofu /x]sf] 5 . olb >Ldfg\x?sf] k|ltof]lutf u/fpg] xf] eg] d]/f] >Ldfg\ ljZjd} pTs[i6 7xl/g' x'g]5 . ædfO xhj]G8 Oh j]i6 Og b jN8{ .Æ

@)@@ ;fndf l;/xfsf] gj/fhk'/ uflj;df hGdg' ePsL lrqn]vfsf] kGw| jif{sf] pd]/df ljjfx ePsf] lyof] . gf} sIff k9\b} ubf{ cfkm"eGbf P3f/ jif{ h]7f] s]6f;+u ljjfx ug'{ ePsL lrqn]vfn] cfkm\gf] k9fO{nfO{ To;kl5 klg lg/Gt/tf lbg' eof] .

æh;n] d]/L 5f]/LnfO{ k9fp"5, To;};+u 5f]/Lsf] ljjfx ul/lbG5' eg]/ a'afn] eGg'ePsf] lyof], k9fOsf] lg/Gt/tf ljjfxsf] k|d'v zt{ lyof]Æ pxf“n] eGg'eof] . >Ls[i0f ofbj klg lzlIft x'g'x'GYof] . pxf“n] lrqn]vf;+u eGg'eP5– æljjfxkl5 d ltdLnfO{ k9fp"5', ltd|f] k9fO{df s'g} /f]sfj6 cfpg] 5}g .Æ

t/fO{df bfOhf] k|yfn] hlt lj;+ult hGdfP klg lrqn]vfsf] ljjfxdf …bfOhf]Úsf] k|;+un] 7fp" g} kfPg . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– a]x'nf kIfaf6 bfOhf] g} dfluPg, a'afn] :j]R5fn] Pp6f 3/ agfO{ lbg'eof], cfdfn] lbg'ePsf] rf“bLsf] uxgf a]r]/} @)$# ;fnlt/ ;fg]kfdf Pp6f 38]/L lsg]sf] lyP" . bfOhf]sf] ?kdf hUuf klg kfPsL lyP", t/ Tof] efOx?nfO{ 5f]l8lbP" .Æ ljjfxkl5 pxf“n] l;/xfaf6} P;=Pn=;L= / cfO=P8= kf; ug'{eof] . To;kl5 >Ls[i0f kL=Pr=8L= ug{ ef/tsf] /fh:yfg k'Ug'eof], lrqn]vf jL=P8= k9\g sf7df8f}+ cfpg' eof] .

æsn]hdf dnfO{ dg k/fpg] / k|]dsf] k|:tfj /fVg]x? w]/} lyP . t/ d pgLx?nfO{ elglbGy]– d;+u ldqtf rflx+ /fv, c? ;DaGw 5}g .Æ pxf“n] eGg'eof] . 5f]/LnfO{ xtklt k9\g gkfpg] ofbj ;d'bfosL 5f]/L ePsf]n] lrqn]vfn] k9fO{df afx]s cGt dg 8'nfpg' ePg . æd k|]d / /f]dfG;sf] rSs/df nfu]sf] eP ufp"df a'af–cfdfsf] OHhtdf bfu nfUYof] . 5f]/LnfO{ k9\g k7fp"bf o:t} x'G5 eg]/ xfd|f] ;d'bfosf dfG5]n] s'/f sf6\g] df}sf kfpg ;Sy] . d}n] To;f] x'g lbOg .Æ lrqn]vfn] eGg'eof] .

sn]h k9\bf pxf“ 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] cfdf eO;Sg' ePsf] lyof] . t/ o;n] klg pxf“sf] k9fOnfO{ c;/ k'¥ofPg . pxf“n] Pp6f clj:d/0fLo If0f :d/0f ub}{ eGg'eof]– cfO=P8= bf];|f] jif{sf] k/LIff lb+bf d]/f] sfvdf @) lbgsL 5f]/L lyO{ . ;'Ts]/L cj:yfdf hf“r lbP/ klg d}n] cfO{=P8=df g]kfn 6k u/]+ / P]Zjo{ ljBf kbs kfP" .Æ

ljjfx u/]kl5 pxf“ >Ldfg\sf] 3/df t hfg' eof], t/ Tof] dfOtL h:t} lyof] . pxf“nfO{ ;f;' ;;'/fn] a'xf/L xf]Og, 5f]/Lsf] h:tf] Jojxf/ u/] . lrqn]vf k9\g a:bf >Ls[i0f efG;fdf k'Ug' x'GYof] / dL7f] kl/sf/ agfP/ pxf“nfO{ lbg'x'GYof] . s:tf] ;f}efUo, ljjfxkl5 klg lrqn]vfn] r'nf] rf}sf] ug'{ k/]g . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– l5d]sLn] s'/f sf6\g] uy]{ . a'xf/L cfgGb;+u a;]/ k9\g], ;f;'n] vfgf agfpg] < eGb} ;f;'nfO{ e8\sfpg vf]Hy] . t/ ;f;'n] tL s'/fnfO{ jf:tf ug'{x'Gy]g .Æ

;f;'n] s'/f sf6\g]x?;+u eGg] ug'{x'GYof]– d]/L a'xf/L ltdLx?sL a'xf/L h:tL xf]Og . d]/L a'xf/L t k9]/ cfkm\gf] v'§fdf pleg rfxG5] .

cfkm\gf >Ldfgk|lt pxf“ uj{ ug'{x'G5 . xfn nf]s;]jf cfof]usf ;b:o /xg' ePsf >Ls[i0fsf af/]df lrqn]vf eGg'x'G5– æpxf“ dgleq s]xL s'/f n'sfpg' x'Gg . pxf“sf] ;a} s'/f dnfO{ dg k5{ . cgfjZos ?kdf z+sf ug}{ k|j[lQ pxf“df 5}g .Æ

>Ls[i0f klg Snf;df hlxn] klg km:6{ g} x'g'eof] . pxf“nfO{ klg w]/} s]6Lx?n] dg k/fPsf lyP . æt/ pxf“ k/:qL;+u nfUg' x'Gg eGg] s'/fdf d ljZj:t 5' . nf]Ug]:jf:gLaLr ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ s'/f ljZjf; xf] . xfd|f] ;DaGw klg ljZjf;, ;xof]u / ldqtfdf cfwfl/t 5 .Æ lrqn]vfn] atfpg'eof] .

>Ldfg\;+u clxn];Dd emu8f k/]sf] 5}g pxf“sf] . t/ dfG5] e]6\g cfPsf] a]nf Jo:ttfn] ge]6\bf / vfgf gvfO{ k7fp"bf >Ls[i0f lrqn]vf;+u emu8f ug'{x'G5 . æltdL Jo:t eP klg d 5b}5' lgÆ eGb} pxf“ dnfO{ e]6\g cfpg] dfg5]nfO{ vfgf v'jfP/ k7fpg' x'G5 . xfd|f] emu8f x'g] eg]sf] o:t} s'/fdf xf] .Æ pxf“n] eGg'eof] .

cf7 sIffdf k9\bf g} lrqn]vf /fhgLlttkm{ cfslif{t x'g'eof] . hgsk'/df :s"n k9\bf jfbljjfb k|ltof]lutf x'Gy], pxf“ ;a}nfO{ lhTg' x'GYof] . v]ns'b, bf}8 h] k|ltof]lutfdf klg pxf“ k|yd x'g'x'GYof] . hgsk'/df pxf“nfO{ ;a}n] lrGy] . o'j/fh vftL, dx]Gb| dw's/h:tf sf+u|];sf sfo{stf{x?sf] ;+utn] pxf“n] /fhgLlts k':ts / kqklqsf k9g\ kfpg' eof] . …aL=kL= sf]O/fnfsf n]vx? k9\bf d olt k|efljt ePsL lyP" ls bf}8]/ uP/ k|hftGq vf];]/ Nofpg kfP x'GYof] eGg] nfUYof] ælrqn]vfn] atfpg'eof] . aL=P8= k9\g sf7df8f}+ cfPkl5 pxf“ g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 lqljlj SofDk; OsfOsf] sf]iffWoIf aGg' eof] . lj/f]w ;ef, h'n'; / wgf{df efu lng] qmd a9\g yfNof] . @)%! ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf k/fhLt eP klg @)%^ ;fndf pxf“ ;f+;b kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g'eof] / pk;efd'v aGg'eof] . ofbj ;d'bfoaf6 dlxnf eP/ olt pRr :yfgdf k'Ug] pxf“ klxnf] x'g'x'G5 . …d r'gfj lht]kl5 /flt lrtjgdf af; a;]sL lyP", dnfO{ yfxf klg lyPg, s;};+u dfu]sf] klg xf]Og, kf6L{n] pk;efd'vdf d]/f] gfd 5gf}6 u¥of]{Æ pxf“sf] egfO{ lyof] .

lbj+utdf aL=kL= sf]O/fnf / u0f]zdfg l;+x clg hLljtdf lul/hfk|fb sf]O/fnf / s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ pxf“nfO{ dgkg]{ g]tfx? x'g\ . hLjgdf Ps k6s k|ToIf ?kdf aL=kL= sf]O/fnfsf] af]nL ;'Gg] cj;/ pxf“n] kfpg' ePsf] 5 . aL=kL=nfO{ e]6\g uPsf] sf+u|]; sfo{stf{sf] Pp6f le8df lrqn]vf klg ;xefuL x'g'x'GYof] .

/S;Lsf] :jfb s:tf] x'G5, Tof] pxf“nfO{ yfxf 5}g\ . kf6L{x?df hf“bf sf]s, km]G6f lng' x'G5 . Pp6f k|f]h]S6df sfd ubf{ pxf“nfO{ Ps hd{g ldqn] tLg dlxgf;Dd /S;L vfg lgs} hf]8 u/]sf] lyof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– tL hd{g ldqn] jfOg eg]sf] c+u'/sf] /; xf], o;n] kmfObf u5{ eGb} dnfO{ lgs} s/ ug]{ uy]{ t/ d}n] p;sf] of] cfu|x dflgg . kms{g] a]nfdf p;n] d]/f] …OR5f zlQmÚsf] k|z+;f u/]/ uof] . /S;L eg]sf] 5'g / x]g{ gx'g] lrh xf] eGg] 1fg ;fg}b]lv ddf lyof] .Æ

vfgf ;fdfGo eP x'G5 pxf“nfO{ bfn, eft t/sf/L . nufpg klg ;fwf/0f sk8f nufpg' x'G5 . …:s"n k9\bf ldlg:s6{, ldl8 nufp"y+], clxn] ;fdfGo /+usf] ;f8L nufp"5' . sn]h k9\bf kfOG6, ldgL :s6 klg nufOGYof] . Æ pxf“n] eGg'eof] . laafxkl5 xlgd'g dgfpg pxf“ st} hfg' ePg . æufp"d} xlgd'g dgfOof], kl5 >Ldfg\ kL=Pr=8L= ug{ ef/t hf“bf pxf“;+u lbNnL, cfu/f, /fh:yfg 3'd]sL 5' .Æ lrqn]vfn] atfpg' eof] .

;fg}b]lv :j:y ;+:sf/df x's{g' ePsL lrqn]vf ofbjn] >Ldfg\;+u afx]s c?;+u ;]S; ;DaGw /fVg' ePsf] 5}g . ælhGbuLdf To:tf] If0f slxNo} cfPg . d;+u ;]S;sf] k|:tfj /fVg] lxDdt s;}n] u/]g / ug{ ;Sb}g . d s:tf] dfG5] x'" eGg] s'/f ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5, To;}n] d;+u grflxg] s'/f ug{ s;}n] lxDdt ub}{g .Æ pxf“sf] egfO{ 5 t/ >Ldfg;+u clxn] klg pxf“sf] ;]S; ;DaGw 6'6]sf] 5}g . pxf“n] :ki6;+u eGg'eof]– !% jif{b]lv ;]S; ;DaGw eof], clxn] ;}tL; jif{sf] pd]/;Dd hf/L 5 . ;]S; t zf/Ll/s cfjZostf xf] lg . >Ldfgaf6 d k"0f{ ;Gt'i6 5' .Æ s'/f ubf{ ub}{ >Ls[i0f cfOk'Ug' eof] . lrqn]vfsf] s] u'0f dg k¥of] < eGg] k|Zg ubf{ pxf“n] eGg'eof]– lrqn]vfnfO{ d}n] ;Dk"0f{tfaf6 x]/]+ . dnfO{ /fd|L nfUof] . dg k/fpg' eGbf klg dg ldNg' 7"nf] s'/f xf] . pgsf] k9fO{k|ltsf] nufj b]v]/ d pgLk|lt emg\ cfslif{t ePsf] lyP" .Æ

lrqn]vf ofbj gf/L pTyfgsf nflu gf/LnfO{ lzIff lbg'kg]{ wf/0ff /fVg'x'G5 . pxf“n] eGg'eof]– d cfh hxf“ 5', lzIffs} sf/0fn] 5' . 5f]/LnfO{ lzIff lbg ufp":t/af6} Pp6f lglZrt Joj:yf ug'{k5{ . x'g] vfg]sf 5f]/Ln] ;d]t k9\g kfPsf 5}gg\ . 5f]/L k9\g gkfpg]n] b08 ;hfos} Joj:yf ug'{k5{ .Æ

s;}n] km]l/ ljjfxsf] k|:tfj /fv]df s] ug'{x'G5 < lvTsf 5f]8]/ xf“:b} lrqn]vfn] eGg'eof]– 5\of s:tf] grflxg] s'/f u/]sf] <, tTsfn …l/h]S6Ú ul/xfN5' lg <

rlr{t k|;+u

s]bf/ ;'j]bL

Ps k|wfgdGqL cg]s :j?k

k|wfgdGqLsf :j?kx?

k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf dfcf]jfbLsf ;Gbe{df nueu P]ltxfl;s JolQm g} x'g'eof] eg] klg x'g] cj:yfsf ?kdf lrlgg yfNg' ePsf] 5 . jftf{sf ;Gb{edf t kl5Nnf] k6s;Dd u/L of] k|;+udf dfq tLgj6f :j?k b]lvof] . jftf{ gug]{, jftf{ gu/L gx'g] / jftf{ ub}{ gug]{ pxf“sf tL :j?k x'g\ . ca km]l/ pxf“n] s'g ?k lng' xf]nf eGg] rflx+ x]g{ af“sL 5 .

of] b]zdf dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] ;"qkft @)%@ kmfu'gdf ePsf] xf] . Tof] jif{sf] k'; dlxgfdf dfcf]jfbLx?n] $) ;"qLo dfu /fvL ;/sf/ ;dIf #% lbg] clN6d]6d lbPsf lyP . 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{n] x:tfIf/ u/]sf Tof] dfukqdf …cfufdL kmfu'g % ut];Dd ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 o;af/] s'g} ;sf/fTds kxn gePdf xfdL ljBdfg /fHo;Qfsf] lj/f]wdf ;zQm ;+3if{sf] af6f]df pqg afWo x'g'kg]{ hfgsf/L klg u/fpg rfxG5f}+Ú elgPsf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfkm}+n] lbPsf] Dofb k"/f x'g kf“r lbg af“sL /x"bf g} kmfu'g ! b]lv lgbf]{if hgtfsf xft v'§f ef“Rg] sfd ;'? u/] . kmfu'g ! / @ ut] dfq /f]Nkf ?s'ddf %) eGbf a9L hgtfsf xft, v'§f ef“lr;s]sf lyP . Tof] a]nf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] xft v'§f ef“Rg] lgx'"df @)%! ;fn sflt{sdf ;DkGg cfd lgjf{rgdf dtbfg u/]sf eGg] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLn] Tof] lgjf{rg jlxisf/ u/]sf lyP .

of] a]nfsf k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf g} x'g'x'GYof] . Tof] a]nf jftf{k|lt pxf“n] s'g} ?lr b]vfpg' ePg . of] s'/f kl/0ffdn] g} atfp"5g\ . oBlk dfcf]jfbLn] lbPsf] ;do k"/f x'g kf“r lbg af“sL lyof] . tL kf“r lbgleq jftf{ x'GYof] ls egL lemgf] cfzf ug]{ 7fp" rflx+ g/x]sf] xf]Og . t/ tL; lbg To;} lat]sf x'"bf af“sL kf“r lbgdf jftf{ eP/ kl/0ffd cfpYof] ls egL dfGg] cfwf/ rflx+ lyPg . o;n] b]pjf Tof] a]nf jftf{ gug]{ kIfd} x'g'x'GYof] eGg] hgfp"5 . Toltv]/ jftf{ ul/lbPsf eP l:ylt s] x'GYof] eGg] cem} obfsbf rrf{df cfO/x]sf] dWo]sf] ljifo ePsf] 5 .

To;sf] $ jif{kl5 @)%^ ;fnb]lv b]pjf dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{ ug'{ kg]{ egL dfu /fVg] / bjfj lbg]dWo]sf Ps g]tfsf ?kdf b]vf kg{ yfNg' eof] . Tof] a9\b} a9\b} uP/ pxf“s} cWoIftfdf @)%^ k';df dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg pRr :t/Lo ;'emfj ;ldlt g} aGof] . Tof] ;ldltn] dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] h8 egL o;/L pNn]v u/]sf] 5– ;du|df dfcf]jfbL ultljlw la:tf/ x'g'sf sf/0f k|hftflGqs k4ltsf] c;kmntf geP/ /fHo ;~rfng / Joj:yfkgdf b]lvPsf] sdhf]/L / k6s–k6ssf] ;Qf kl/jt{gaf6 pTkGg ;d:of klg xf] . dfcf]jfbLsf k|lt hg;dy{g a9]sf] geP/ /fHo ;+oGq k|efjsf/L ?kdf k|:t't x'g g;Sbfsf] ;d:of xf] .

jftf{sf af/] Tof] ;ldltn] o;f] eg]sf] lyof]– …;Djfbsf] dfWodaf6 ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg vf]Hg ;lsG5 / hl6ntd\ kl/l:yltdf klg ;Djfbaf6 lgsf; kfPsf k|z:t pbfx/0fx? 5g\ . k|hftflGqs /fhgLlts Joj:yf g} ;a}sf ljrf/x? c6fpg] ynf] x'g ;Qm5 .Ú

k|hftGqdf s'g} klg ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ;Djfbaf6 ;Dej x'G5 . o; dfGotfnfO{ la;]{/ jftf{sf] 9f]sfnfO{ aGb ug{ ldNb}g . To;}n] dfcf]jfbL cft+sn] l;h{gf u/]sf] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg klg jftf{af6 ;Dej 5 eGg] o; ;ldltsf] b[li6sf]0f 5 . o;y{ o; ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf] xsdf jftf{ k|lqmof k|f/De u/]/ lx+;f, xTof /f]Sg' k|fylds bfloTj x'g hfG5 . o; ;Gbe{df jftf{ k|lqmofnfO{ cl3 a9fpg] dfxf}n agfpg ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 kxn x'g'k5{ eGg] ;ldltsf] ljrf/ 5 .

of] k|ltj]bg lbPkl5sf s]xL dlxgf kl5 b]pjf k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm x'g'eof] . pxf“ To:tf] efUodfgL JolQm x'g'x'GYof] . cfof]udf a;]/ dfcf]jfbL af/] ljrf/ agfpg / To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfo ;/sf/sf] k|d'v klg x'g'eof] . ;/sf/df k'Ug' ePsf] b'O{ dlxgf jftf{sf] s'/f eGbf c? s]xL ePg . pxf“n] g} eGg'ePsf] dfcf]jfbL a9\g'df /fHo ;~rfng / Joj:yfkgdf b]lvPsf sdL, sdhf]/Lx?sf af/] st} ;'wf/ ePg . x/]s s'/fx? jftf{ / km]l/ jftf{df dfq} s]lGb|t /x] . @)%* ;fndf pxfdf:" k|wfgdGqL eP/ ebf}sf] clGtd;Ddsf b'O{ dlxgfsf lqmofsnfkx? x]l/of];\ . tLg r/0fdf jftf{ klg eof] . To;sf] kl/0ffd rflx+ s] cfof] huhfx]/ g} 5 .

To;a]nf dfcf]jfbLx?n] xltof/ lnP/} jftf{ u/]sf], dfcf]jfbL;+u /x]sf xltof/nfO{ ;/sf/n] j}wtf lbPsf] eGg] ;a}lt/af6 b]pjfdfly cf/f]k nfu]sf] lyof] . ;/sf/ otf jftf{ eg]/ kqmfp k/]sf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ 5f]8\b} hfg] ptf dfcf]jfbLx? v'nf ?kn] xltof/ lnP/ b]zJofkL ljr/0f u/L hgtfnfO{ emg\ emg\ cft+lst kfl//xg] cj:yf lyof] . b]pjfn] jftf{ yfn]kl5 / ;+s6sfn 3f]if0ff x'g'eGbf cl3sf s/La tLg dlxgfsf Hofbltx? clxn] klg s;}n] lal;{Psf 5}gg\ . ;/sf/ s]jn xft hf]8]/ cg'/f]w ug]{ lgsfo dfq ePsf] lyof] . Jofkf/Lx?nfO{ lbg bxf8} dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfkm\gf sfof{nodf nuL nfvf}+ /sd rGbf dfu]/ lbg g;Sbf pgLx?n] y'gfdf /fv]sf h:tf 36gfx? /fhwfgLd} ePsf lyP . /fhwfgLdf ltgn] cfd;ef ug{ vf]Hbf ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbL;+u /fhwfgL hf]ufO b]p, df]km;ndf uP/ cfd;ef u/ egL cg'/f]w u/]sf k|;+ux? ;+ejtM s;}n] lal;{Psf 5}gg\ . ToxL ;dodf /fhwfgLdf xltof/ lelqPsf To;a]nfsf cg'dfg clxn] ;To ;fljt x'"b}5g\ . jftf{sf gfddf Tof] a]nf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ xltof/ af]Sg ;/sf/n] g} 5'6 lbP h:tf] lyof] .

o;sf] 5 dlxgfsf] cGt/df b]pjf km]l/ ;a}eGbf a9L jftf{ lj/f]wL eP/ lg:sg' eof] . of] a]nf b]zsf ;a} kf6L{x? jftf{sf] 9f]sf v'Nnf /fVg cfu|x ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;af/] ;j{bnLo lg0f{ox? klg eP . k|wfgdGqLsf] kf6L{n] klg jftf{sf] 9f]sf v'nf /fVg ;/sf/nfO{ lgb]{zg g} lbof], kf6L{ ;efkltn] jftf{sf] 9f]sf aGb gug{ ;/sf/ ;dIf af/Daf/ cfu|x ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . t/ otf b]pjf eGg'x'G5– …dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{sf] s'g} ;Defjgf 5}g . jftf{sf] ;Defjgf gePsf] s'/fnfO{ b]pjfn] lat]sf] xKtfdfq aL; k6s bf]xf]¥ofpg' eof] . clxn] pxf“ eGg yfNg' ePsf] 5–…dfcf]jfbLn] ;/sf/ ;dIf ljgf zt{ xltof/ a'emfP eg] dfq jftf{sf] ;Defjgf /x"nf gq jftf{ x'"b} x'"b}g .

dfcf]jfbLsf ;Gbe{df Ps JolQmsf oL tLg ?k xf]Ogg\ t <

;fx;L g]tfsf] 6fpsf] dflubf

z]/axfb'/ b]pjf k|wfgdGqLdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf] nuQ} pxf“n] dfcf]jfbL g]tfx?sf] Pp6f pRr d"Nof+sg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pxf“sf] Tof] d"Nof+sgnfO{ klg To;a]nf s;}n] ?rfPsf jf 7Ls dfg]sf lyPgg\ . pxf“n] To;a]nf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf k|r08nfO{ …7"nf] ;fx;L g]tf dfg]sf] 5'Ú egL ;+1f lbg' ePsf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbL g]tf k|r08sf] Tof] a]nfsf] ;fx; eg]sf] xltof/ af]s]/ g} jftf{df cfpg dGh'/ ug'{ lyof] . dfcf]jfbLn] xltof/ /fVg kfpg] 5'6 ;/sf/n] g} lbPsf] x'"bf tL xltof/ s]xL lbg;Dd ;j{;fwf/0f dfly grNg] eGg] dfq dfcf]jfbLn] 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP . Tof] sfd s] s;/L b]zsf] k|wfgdGqLn] …7"nf] ;fxl;nf]Ú egL d"Nof+sg of]Uo lyP egL To;a]nf ;a}df plAhPsf] k|ZgnfO{ k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] st} klg hjfkm lbg' ePsf] lyPg . To:tf] ;fxl;nf] g]tf egL k|r08sf] d"Nof+sg ubf{ To;kl5sf lbg dfcf]jfbLn] ToxL xltof/ b]vfP/ v'nf?kdf htftt} ;dy{geGbf w]/} 7"nf] c+sdf rGbf c;'Ng] u/]sf 36gfnfO{ klg clxn];Dd s;}n] lal;{Psf 5}gg\ xf]nf . k;n–k;ndf k'uL rfdn, bfn, lrgLsf af]/f;Dd klg p7fpb} nluPsf :s"n–:s"ndf ank"j{s vfg a:g Joj:yf ug{ nufOPsf Hofblt ltg} xltof/sf andf ul//lxPsfnfO{ dsf{ kg]{ kIfn] la;{g ;Sg] s'/f klg lyPg\ .

t/ k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] o:tf] d"Nof+sg u/]sf] tLg dlxgf klg gk'Ub} pxf“n] …dfcf]jfbL s'n+uf/ x'g\Ú egL csf]{ ;+1f lbg' eof] . s'n+uf/ eGg] ;+1fn] dfq k'u]g To;sf] s/La ^ dlxgfkl5 t tL JolQmsf] 6fpsf] g} dfUg' eof] . k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] …7"nf] ;fxl;s g]tfÚ egL ;fj{hlgs ?kdf d"Nof+sg u/]sf JolQm k|r08sf] 6fpsf]sf] d"No ;/sf/n] g} %) nfv egL tf]s]sf] ;j{ljlbt 5 . pxf“sf] of] lg0f{osf] JofVof ub}{ pxf“s} u[x/fHodGqLn] kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L …emf]nfdf xfn]/ 6fpsf] Nofpg] / emf]nfdf xfn]/ ?=%) nfv nfg]Ú lg0f{o ePsf] hgfPsf lyP . tL u[x/fHodGqLn] of] s'/fnfO{ cem} klg k6s–k6s bf]xf]¥ofO/x]sf 5g\ .

klxn] k|wfgdGqLn] …7"nf] ;fx;L g]tf dfG5'Ú egL 3f]if0ff ubf{sf] If0f;Dd dfcf]jfbLsf gfpaf6 / ltgsf sf/0f of] b]zdf @%)) b]lv #))) ;Dd JolQmsf] xTof e};s]sf] lyof] . JolQmnfO{ c+ue+u ul/Psf] / ckx/0f ul/Psf] ;+Vof of] luGtLdf k/]sf] lyPg . To;}sf/0f klg To:tf] sfd ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]zsf] k|wfgdGqLn] o:tf] 7"nf] ;fx;L g]tf dfG5' egL ul/Psf] 3f]if0ffnfO{ b]zsf s;}n] klg 7Ls dfg]sf lyPgg\ . lgbf]{if hgtfnfO{ v;L, s'v'/f sf6] h;/L dWo/ftdf ;'lt/x]sf 7fp"af6 cf“ugdf lgsfnL 6'qmf 6'qmf kf/L lu8\g] sfdnfO{ k|wfgdGqLn] ;fxl;nf] dfg]sf] h;/L aflx/ cfPsf] x'"bf cGon] 7Ls dfGg] s'/f klg lyPg . kl5 To;sf] s]xL dlxgfdfq kl5 ltg} JolQmsf] 6fpsf] dfluPsf] s'/fnfO{ klg ;/sf/df /x]sf afx]sn] 7Ls dfg]sf 5}gg\ . hgdteGbf k|wfgdGqL slt leGg x'g'x'G5 eGg] of] Pp6f pbfx/0f dfq x]/] k'Unf .

;/sf/df x'"bf / ;/sf/df gx'"bf

k'ln; k|zf;gaf6 zflGt ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt dfcf]jfbL lgoGq0fsf] l;nl;nfdf dfgj clwsf/;Ddt Jojxf/ dxTjk"0f{ x'g hfG5 . o; cGt/ut zlQmsf] k|of]u ubf{ ;j{;fwf/0f / lg/k/fw JolQmx? df/ gk?g\ eGg] tkm{ ljz]if Wofg hfg' kb{5 . lsgls /fHon] cft+ssf/L ;+u7g h:tf] u}/–lhDd]jf/ aGg ldNb}g . /fHo klg u}/ lhDd]jf/L aGg yfNof] eg] of] dfgj clwsf/;Ddt gx'g] dfq geP/ k|To'Tkfbs klg x'g ;S5 . o;af6 k|hftflGqs ;/sf/sf] /fli6«o, cGt/f{li6«o :t/df ljZj;gLotf (credibility)df klg x|f; cfp"5 .Æ

dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg pRr :t/Lo ;'emfj ;ldltdf /x"bf cWoIfsf] x}l;otaf6 b]pjfn] Tof] a]nfsf] ;/sf/nfO{ lbPsf ;'emfjsf zAb x'g\ oL . of] ;'emfj lbPsf] w]/} ;do ePsf] 5}g . pxf“ k|wfgdGqL ePsf] bzf}+ dlxgfsf] dWolt/ pxf“sf] ;/sf/n] kqmfp ug]{ jf lgoGq0fdf lnO{ hLljt jf d[t ?kdf ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ a'emfpg] JolQmnfO{ k'/:sf/:j?k %) nfv lbg] lg0f{o ePsf] 5Ú egL k|]; lj1lKt hf/L u¥of] . ;/sf/sf] of] 3f]if0ffk|lt lrGtf hfx]/ ub}{ dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] …;/sf/sf of] 3f]if0ffaf6 JolQmsf] af“Rg kfpg] clwsf/ pNn+3g x'g ;Sg] tyf xTof / lx+;fnfO{ a9fjf k'Ug] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5, ;fy} o;af6 sfg'gL /fHosf] l;4fGtdf ;d]t gsf/fTds c;/ kg]{5Ú eGg] k|ltlqmof ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 .

;/sf/n] hLljt jf d[t JolQmnfO{ NofP %) nfvsf] k'/:sf/ lbg] 3f]if0ff 7Ls jf a]7Ls s] xf] Tof] cnu kIf xf] t/ b]pjf cfkm}+n] klxn] pNn]v ug'{ ePsf …/fHo u}/ lhDd]jf/ aGg gldNg]Ú eGg] wf/0ff;+u of] kl5Nnf] 3f]if0ff slt d]n vfG5 eGg] rflx+ cfkm} x]/f}+ . of] b]zdf d[To'b08sf] k|fjwfg 5}g . ;+ljwfgn] klg To:tf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5}g . cft+sjfbnfO{ lj/f]w ubf{ ub}{ klg ;+ljwfgsf] kfngfsf ;Gbe{df ;/sf/ of] 3f]if0ffaf6 s'g ?kdf b]lvof] eGg] clxn] ;a}lt/ ;a}aLr k|Zg plAhPsf] 5 . ;/sf/df gx'"bf h'g ;'emfj lbOof] ;/sf/df x'"bf To;sf] pN6f] ul/Psf] of] klg Pp6f pbfx/0f xf] .

;'emfj / sfd

æd'n'sdf ljBdfg ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ k|d'v bfloTj ;/sf/sf] eP klg cGo /fhgLlts bnx? klg o; bfloTjaf6 klG5g ldNb}g . jt{dfg ;+ljwfg / Joj:yfk|lt cf:yf /fVg] ;a} /fhgLlts bnx?aLr o; ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf nflu cjnDag ul/g' kg]{ sbdx?af/] Go"gtd j}rfl/s ;dfgtf sfod ul/g' kg]{5 . ;/sf/n] s'g} klg /fli6«o ;d:of;+u h'Wg b]zsf ;a} /fhgLlts bnx?aLr Go"gtd j}rfl/s ;dfgtf cjZo x'G5 . o:tf] j}rfl/s ;dfgtfn] ;/sf/sf] kIfdf hgdt ePsf] k'i6L ub{5 . ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ yk an k'¥ofp"5 .Æ

Tof] a]nf ;a} kf6L{x?aLr ;xdlt x'g' kg]{ egL b]pjfn] o:tf] ;'emfj lbg' ePsf] lyof] . t/ clxn] pxf“ ;/sf/df uPkl5 d"n /fli6«o ;d:ofsf ?kdf /x]sf] dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf ;Gbe{df ;/sf/ Psflt/ / kf6L{x? csf]{lt/ b]lvP . ;a} kf6L{x?n] s]xL cl3 ;j{bnLo a}7s a;L dfcf]jfbL;+u ;/sf/n] jftf{sf nflu 9f]sf v'nf /fVg'kg]{ lg0f{o u/] . t/ otf ;/sf/n] eg] dfcf]jfbLsf] 6fpsf] dfUof] . h;nfO{ ;a} kf6L{n] lj/f]w hgfP . ;j{bnLo a}7sdf jftf{ ug'{kg]{df kf6L{ cl8P t/ ;/sf/ …jftf{sf] ;Defjgf 5}gÚ eGg] c8fgdf clxn];Dd sfod 5 . o; ;DaGwdf k|wfgdGqLsf cleJoQm cGoq pNn]v e};s]sf 5g\ . cl3Nnf] lbg cyf{t ( ut] ;a} kf6L{sf ;efklt / dxf;lrjsf] pkl:yltdf …jftf{sf] 9f]sf vf]Ng ;/sf/;+u cfu|x ul/of] . of] ;j{;Ddt cfu|x lyof] . ef]lnkN6 !) ut] dlGqkl/ifb\sf bf];|f] gDa/sf dGqL lr/~hLjL jfUn]n] Tof] ;j{bnLo a}7s / To;sf] lg0f{o Toxf“ pkl:yt x'g] JolQmx?sf] lghL ljrf/ xf], To;n] dfu u/] adf]lhd dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{ ug]{ s'g} ;Defjgf 5}gÆ egL kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/]/ hgfpg' eof] . b]pjfn] Tof] a]nf ;'emfj lbg' ePsf] ;j{bnLo ;xdltsf] ?k o:tf] kfOof] .

;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] csf]{ ljifosf] klg xljut To:t} eof] . ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf nflu ;/sf/n] k|:tfj Nofpg] hgfPkl5 ;+s6sfn / cft+sjfb lgoGq0f ;DaGwL cWofb]z ;+;bdf ;j{;Ddt kfl/t eof] . ToxL ;+zf]wg k|:tfj rflx+ cfPg . of] k|:tfj o;} clwj]zgdf Nofp"5' egL k|wfgdGqL :jo+n] lat]sf] PSsfO;f}+ clwj]zgdf atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . t/ To;kl5 Tof] ;+zf]wg lsg cfPg eGg] Ps zAbdf klg st} k|i6Ls/0f cfPg . ;j{bnLo ;xdltaf6 ;/sf/ rNg' k5{ eGg] b]pjfsf] ;'emfjsf] of] bf];|f] xljutsf ?kdf b]vfk¥of] .

;j{bnLo ;xdltdf ;/sf/n] t'?Gt} ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ /fxt k'Ug] sfo{qmdx? Nofpg ;+s6sfn ;'? ePb]lv g} dfu x'"b} cfPsf] lyof] . ;Qf?9 bnn] / k|d'v k|ltkIfn] o;nfO{ ;/sf/sf sfd s'/fsf] ;dy{g ug{ zt{ h:t} ?kdf ;fdflhs ;'wf/ / ;j{;fwf/0fn] k|ToIf /fxt dx;'; ug{ kfpg] sfo{qmd Nofpg' kg]{ eGg] lyof] . t/ ;+s6sfnsf ^ dlxgf laTg ca s]xL lbgdfq af“sL 5 . ;/sf/n] eg]

To:tf s'g} sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5}g . dlxnf cfof]u, ;DklQ 5fglag cfof]u ;+s6sfndf ePsf sfd egL ;/sf/n] b]vfpg] u/]sf] 5 . of] sfdaf6 hgtfn] s;/L k|ToIf /fxt dx;'; unf{g\ eGg] s;}n] a'em\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . sfo{qmd h] x'g\ t/ ;j{bnLo ;xdlt / ltgsf dfuk|lt j]jf:tf ul/Psf] cyf{t\ b]pjf cfkm}+n] ;'emfj lbPsf] ljifodf pxf“ cfkm}n] gu/]sf]dWo] of] klg Pp6f pbfx/0f g} ePsf] 5 . clxn] ;a} kf6L{x? ;/sf/lj?4 vlgPsfdWo]df of] klg Pp6f k|d'v ljifo xf] . clxn] kf6L{x? eGg yfn]sf 5g\ To;f] eP ;/sf/;+u s] dfUg], lsg dfUg] <

ljz]if If]q ljsf; sfo{qmd b]pjf cfof]usf] ljz]if ;'emfj cGt/utdf k5{ . Tof] cfof]usf] ;'emfj v08sf] of] zLif{sdf o;f] elgPsf] lyof]– o; kl/k|]Iodf ;du| /fli6«o ljsf;sf nflu x'g] kxnsf ;fy ;fy} dfcf]jfbL cft+s kLl8t IF]qsf] cfly{s pTyfgsf nflu ljz]if sfo{qmd cfpg' h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 . ;8s oftfofth:tf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; dfkm{t\ cNksfnLg /f]huf/L / bL3{sfnLg ljsf;, /f]huf/Ld"ns lzIff cflbdf To:tf] ljz]if sfo{qmd s]lGb|t /xg' kb{5 . of] ;'emfj adf]lhd oL sfo{qmd ;~rflnt klg lyP . t/ lat]sf ^ dlxgfb]lv tL sfo{qmd 7Kk /x]5g\ . k|ltlglw;ef / /fHo Joj:yf ;ldltsf ;b:ox?nfO{ k|wfg;]gfkltn] o;} xKtf of] hfgsf/L lbg' ePsf] xf] . cyf{t\ gof“ sfo{qmd t nluPg nluPg, b]pjf cfkm+} ;'emfj lbP/ ;~rfng ePsf sfo{qmd pxf“ k|wfgdGqL ePsf a]nf /f]lsP5g\ .

b]pjfsf] Tof] cfof]un] dfcf]jfbL kLl8tnfO{ lgDg k|sf/n] /fxt lbg'kg]{ egL ls6fg u/]sf] lyof] . tLdWo] pxf“ k|wfgdGqL ePsf] a]nf of] s'/fsf] kfngf eof] t, k|Zgn] pQ/ kfPsf] 5}g . x]/f} tL ;'emfjx?

!= d[tssf] kl/jf/nfO{ cfly{s ;xfotf, @= c+ue+u ePsfnfO{ pkrf/sf] Joj:yf ug]{ / pkrf/kZrft ckf+u x'g] l:yltdf, cj:yfsf] k|sf/ cg';f/ hLjgofkgsf] nflu hLjge/ cfly{s ;xfotf lbg] of /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf ug]{, #= kl/jf/sf s'g} 3/d"nL dfcf]jfbL cfqmd0fdf k/L Hofg u'dfPsf, czQm x'g] u/L c+ue+u ePsf cj:yfdf ltgdf cfl>t k9\g] pd]/sf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ k7gkf7gsf] plrt Joj:yf ldnfpg] / sfd ug{ ;Sg]nfO{ /f]huf/L pknAw u/fpg] sfo{ ug]{, $= dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf lgzfgf agfOPsf JolQmx?sf] k"0f{ ;'/Iffsf] nflu lhNnf ;b/d'sfd tyf pko'Qm 7fp"df lzlj/ sfod ul/g' kg]{ / pgLx?sf kl/jf/ ;d]tnfO{ vfg], a:g] ;d]tsf] k|aGw ldnfpg' kg]{, %= kLl8t sd{rf/L / ;'/IffsdL{sf lglDt ;/sf/n] lbO/x]sf] ;xfotfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] / cfjZostf cg';f/ a9fpg], ^= dfcf]jfbLaf6 d[To' jf czQm ePsf kl/jf/sf sd;]sd Ps ;b:onfO{ clgjfo{ /f]huf/L lbg], &= dfcf]jfbL kLl8t kl/jf/sf o'jf ;b:ox?nfO{ k'ln; / ;]gfdf etL{ ubf{ k|fyldstf lbg] .

cGt/+u

e/t sf]O/fnf

e/t h+ud

nfdf] ;dob]lv e|i6frf/ lj?4df lqmofzLn e/t h+udsf] k"/f gfd e/tdl0f h+ud xf] . e/t h+ud g]kfnL ;dfhdf ;flxTosf/sf] ?kdf :yflkt JolQmTj xf] . tL;sf] bzsdf …sfnf] ;"o{Ú gfds pkGof; k|sflzt ePkl5 rrf{df cfpg' ePsf h+ud pkTosfsf] P]ltxfl;s gu/ eQmk'/sf] 6f}d9L 6f]ndf @))$ ;fn d+l;/ dlxgfdf hGdg' ePsf] xf] . :gfts txsf] cWoog k"/f u/L @)@& ;fnb]lv kqsfl/tfdf k|j]z ug'{ ePsf h+udn] n]v]sf pkGof;x? ljleGg efiffdf cg'lbt eO;s]sf 5g\ . xfn pxf“ æe|i6frf/ lj?4sf] lj1fgÆsf] ljsf;df sfo{/t x'g'x'G5 . k|:t't 5 pxf“;+usf] cGt/+u–

k|= xfn e|i6frf/ ;DaGwL ljifodf s]lGb|t /xg' eP klg tkfO{+nfO{ ;flxTosf/sf] ?kdf w]/}n] lrGb5g\ . slxn]b]lv ;flxTo If]qdf nfUg' ePsf] xf] <

– k|hftGqsf] :yfkgfkl5 d'n'se/ lzIf0f ;+:yf / k':tsfnox? v'Ng yfn] . h:t}, eQmk'/df klg To;sf] yfngL eof] . d]/f] lktfhL uf]ljGbxl/ h+ud To;avtsf] Voflt k|fKt ;dfh;]jL x'g'x'GYof] . lktfhLx?n] lzIf0f ;+:yfx? vf]Ng yfNg' eof] eg] xfdLeGbf pd]/n] h]7f bfh'x?n] k':tsfnox? vf]Ng' eof] . ToxL b]vfl;vLdf d}n] klg @)!# ;fndf 3/el/sf] sfd nfUg], gnfUg] k':tsx? hDdf u/L …afn ljsf; k':tsfnoÚ vf]n] / To;sf] cWoIf eP" . To;}tfsf xfdLn] x:tlnlvt klqsf klg lgsfNg yfNof}+ . d /fli6«o efjgfn] cf]tk|f]t ePsf] sljtf / n]v n]Vy]+ eg] cem ;fyLx? sf6"{g lrqx? n]Vy] . o;}u/L la:tf/} ;flxTodf k|j]z eOof] . @)!% ;fndf eQmk'/af6 afg]Zj/df a;f]af; ;/]kl5 klg k':tsfno;+u} lnP/ cfP" . ToxL k':tsfno kl5 @)!( ;fndf …eLd;]guf]n k':tsfnoÚ eO{ afg]Zj/sf] klxnf] k':tsfno eof] . @)!& ;fnb]lv /]l8of] g]kfnsf] afn sfo{qmddf efu lng yfn] kl5 eg] k|To]s xKtf Pp6f sljtf n]Vg yflnof] / /]l8of] g]kfnaf6 k|;f/0f x'g yfNof] . o;}u/L, ;flxTo n]vgdf ?lr a9\b} uof] . aL;sf] bzsdf l56\km'6 syf sljtf k|sflzt eP klg @)#% ;fndf n]lvPsf] …sfnf] ;"o{Ú gfdsf] pkGof; @)#^ df k|sflzt eof] .

k|= e|i6frf/ lj?4 o;/L cleofg rnfpg] ;f]r s;/L agfpg' eof] <

– hlxn]b]lv d}n] cGofo, cTofrf/ / b'/frf/sf] lj?4df snd rnfP" cyf{t\ kqsfl/tfdf k|j]z u/]+, To;}a]nfb]lv d e|i6frf/ lj?4 nfu]sf] x"' . To;tfsf d'n'ssf] zf;g lgb{nLo k~rfotL Joj:yfn] rnfPsf] lyof] . ;Qfdf s]xL kx'"rjfnf JolQmx?dfq k'u]sf lyP . clwsf+z hgtf /fHo Joj:yfaf6 cnu lyP . e|i6frf/ clxn]sf] h:tf] v'n]cfd geP klg ;Qf;Lgx? e|i6frf/df 8'a]sf lyP . 7"nf ;fgf lg0f{odf k};fn] k|efj kfg{ yfn]sf] lyof] . /fHosf] ;DklQ ag h+un / vf]nfgfnfsf] b'?kof]u x'g yfn]sf] lyof] . ljb]zLd"nsf dfG5]x?sf] /fHo k|zf;gdf la:tf/ xft a9L /x]sf] lyof] . 7]Ssfk§fdf sldzgsf] k|ltzt tf]lsg yfn]sf] lyof] . ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] lgo'lQmdf ;j{;fwf/0fn] lj/n} df}sf kfp"y] cyf{t\ /fHo ;+oGqdf ljs[lt ;'? x'g yfn]sf] lyof] . o; l:yltn] /fHo, /fHoJoj:yf / hgtfsf] enfO{ gx'g] b]v]/ d To;sf] lj?4df plqP" / e|i6frf/sf] lj?4df v'n]/ lj/f]w hgfpg ;'? u/]+ / cfh;Dd To;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] 5' .

k|= lj/f]w ;'? ePkl5 e|i6frf/ /f]lsPsf] dx;'; ug'{ ePsf] 5 <

– e|i6frf/ /f]lsg'sf] ;f6f] cg]s ?k kl/jt{g ub}{ emg a9]sf] 5 . hltv]/ d}n] lj/f]w ;'? u/]sf] lyP", To;avt 3"; dfq rNg uYof]{ . kl5 Tof] 3"; ;Eotf la:tf/ e|i6frf/L Joj:yfdf kl/jlt{t eof] . ha ax'bnLo Joj:yf d'n'sdf k'gM:yf{lkt eof] tL k~rfotL ;dosf 3"; ;Eotf / e|i6frf/L Joj:yf …n'6Údf ?kfGtl/t eof] . clxn] t n'6dfq xf]Og 8s}tL g} ;'? ePsf] 5 . /f0ffsfnLg ;dodf ;–;fgf sd{rf/Ln] vfg] 3"; ;Eotf emflËb} / km}nb} ;+:yfut ?kdf ljsf; eof] . klxn] d}n] e|i6frf/sf] lj?4 lj/f]w k|s6 uy]{ eg] clxn] d e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] cfGbf]ngdf plqPsf] 5' .

k|= s:tf] lsl;dsf] cfGbf]ng <

– d @)%# ;fn d+l;/ & ut] b]lv ljlwjt 3f]if0ff u/L e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] cfGbf]ngdf lqmofzLn ePsf] 5' . tTsfn / bL3{sfn u/L sfo{qmdnfO{ b'O{ ju{df af“8]/ ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 . tTsfn cGt/ut -!_ ;8s cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd, -@_ cg';Gwfg, -#_ sfg'gL pkrf/, -$_ e|i6frf/L b:tfj]hsf] k|sfzg kb{5g\ eg] bL3{sfnLg sfo{qmd cGt/ut …e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] lj1fgÚ ljsf;sf nflu ljZjljBfnosf :gftsf]Q/ :t/sf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] zf]w ug{ nufpg] / a9LeGbf a9L e|i6frf/ lj?4sf lj1 tof/ ug]{ / ug{ nufpg] sfd ug]{ xf] .

k|= tkfO{+n] Gofofnosf] dfWodåf/f ;f+;bx?sf k]G;g ;'ljwfnfO{ ;dfKt u/L lbg' eof] / lgjf{rg ljsf; sf]ifnfO{ klg /f]sL lbg'eof] s] of] e|i6frf/ lj?4s} cfGbf]ng cGt/ut ul/Psf] xf] <

– xf] . e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] cfGbf]ng cGt/ut g} d}n] of] sfo{ u/]sf] x'" . hgtfsf] k|ltlglw eP/ d'n'ssf] ljsf;sf] nflu gLlt lgdf{0f ug{ cfPsf ;f+;bx? g} ;'ljwfd'vL / e|i6 x'g uPsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ of] wfjf af]Ng' k/]sf] xf] . uf8L ;'ljwf, cf}ifwf]krf/sf] ;'ljwf, ;Nnfxsf/sf] ;'ljwf, lgjf{rg ljsf; sf]ifsf] ;'ljwfn] gk'uL k]G;g ;'ljwf ;d]t lng] Joj:yf u/]sf] x'"bf ltgLx?nfO{ st{Joaf]w u/fpg d}n] tL s7f]/ sbd rfn]sf] x'" . ca t ltgLx?nfO{ 1fg eof] xf]nf a9L ;'ljwf lng' x'"b}g / h'g p2]Zo k|flKtsf] nflu ;+;bdf cfPsf] xf] ;f] ug'{k5{ . ax'bnLo Joj:yfdf ;+;b g} zlQmzfnL x'G5 . zlQmdf a:g] dfG5] g} nf]e, nfnrdf 8'a]/ sfo{ ug{ yfn] eg] d'n's / hgtfsf] enfO{ x'"b}g– of] ;TotfnfO{ ;f+;b dxf]box?n] a'em\g' k5{ .

k|= tkfO{+n] e|i6frf/ ;DaGwL s:tf b:tfj]h k|sfzgdf s;/L Nofpg' ePsf] lyof] t <

– ;/sf/n] w]/} e|i6frf/;+u ;Da4 clen]vx? k|rf/df gNofpg] / sfo{jfxL klg gug]{ u/]sf] d}n] kfPkl5 To:tf ;/sf/n] ljleGg ;dodf cfof]u agfO{ tof/ u/]sf] b:tfj]hnfO{ vf]htnf; u/L k|sflzt ug]{ u/]sf] 5' . To; cGtu{t /fh:j r'xfj6 5fglag ;DaGwL ;+o'Qm ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] ax'rlr{t k|ltj]bg, zfg]jflgsf] wldhf sf08sf]] :j]tkq / ljleGg a}+sdf ePsf] k|tLtkq 3f]6fnf sf08sf k|ltj]bgx? k|sflzt u/]/ k|rf/df NofOPsf] 5 . / To;af6 sf/jfxL klg ;'? ePsf] 5 .

k|= e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] lj1fgsf] ljsf; s;/L ;'? ug'{ ePsf] 5 <

– e|i6frf/ lj?4 cWoog cWofkg x'g ;S5 eGg] olsg ePkl5 d lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf] ;DalGwt ljefux? rxfg{ yfn]+ . st}af6 klg ;Defjgfsf] ;+s]t kfO{g . nfvf}+ ?k}of“sf] of]hgf rflxg] dfu cfof] . ljgf k};f / ljgf of]hgf of] ;Dej 5}g eGg] ljZjljBfnosf kbflwsf/Laf6 hjfkm kfPkl5 o;sf] sfo{ z"Goaf6 ;'? u/]+ . k|ydtM d}n] ;Defljt ljefu / ljifox? r'g] . ;dfhzf:q, /fhgLltzf:q, cy{zf:q, sfg'g / Joj:yfkgsf :gftsf]Q/sf ljBfyL{x?;+u cGt/lqmof u/L …e|i6frf/ lj?4 cWoog cWofkgÚ u/fpg ;lsg] af/]df 5nkmn ;'? u/]+ . ;j{k|yd @)%^ ;fn r}q !% ut] kf6g ;+o'Qm SofDk;sf] ;dfhzf:q ljefusf k|fWofks / ljBfyL{sf] aLrdf e|i6frf/lj?4 cWoog cWofkg ljifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]+ . To;}lbg lqrGb| ax'd'vL SofDk;sf] ;dfhzf:q ljefudf klg sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/]+ . To;avt d}n] rf/ hjfg ljBfyL{nfO{ …e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] zf]w sfo{df nufpg ;kmn eP" . To:t} ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo SofDk;x?df klg o;} ljifodf cGt/lqmof ;'? u/]+ . clxn] % hjfg ljBfyL{ e|i6frf/ lj?4df zf]wsfo{df sfo{/t 5g\ eg] Ps hgf ljBfyL{ k|sfzrGb| e§/fO{n] zf]w a'emfO{ plQ0f{ eO{ ;s]sf 5g\ . d]/f] nIo 5 !) jif{leqdf sdeGbf sd bz hgfnfO{ o;} ljifodf ljBfjfl/lw u/fpg] . To;kl5 tL JolQmx? e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] lj1 ePkl5 o; ljifosf] pRr lzIff ;+rfng x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf 5 .

k|= ca s] ;flxTo n]vg aGb ePsf] xf] <

– ;flxToaf6 d cnu ePsf] 5}g . xf], sfNklgs ;flxTonfO{ xfn /f]s]sf] 5' . t/ d]/f] ;a} sfd ;flxTo;+u ;DalGwt x'g\ . e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] lj1fg ljsf;sf nflu klg ljrf/nfO{ cleJolQm lbg'k5{ . cg]sfg]s n]v, /rgfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO{ g} /x]sf] 5' . s]jn sljtf / pkGof; n]Vg eg] xfnnfO{ aGb u/]sf] 5' .

k|= tkfO{+sf] æsfnf] ;"o{Æ t lgs} rlr{t ePsf] lyof] lg . To;sf] sf/0f s] xf] <

– d}n] @)#^ ;fndf …sfnf] ;"o{Ú n]v]/ b]zdf ljBdfg ;fdflhs Pjd\ cfly{s e|i6frf/nfO{ ;s];Dd ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] sf]lz; u/]+ . Tof] lstfa k9]/ d'n'sleq aflx/sf lrGts a'l4hLjL, /fhgLlt1 cflbn] ax;sf] ljifo g} agfO{ k|ltlqmof JoQm u/]sf lyP . o;} qmddf aL=kL= sf]O/fnfn] eGg'ePsf] lyof]– …xfd|f] /fli6«o hLjg s:tf] e|i6 kfl/Psf] 5 eGg] s'/f 5n{Ë ?kdf b]vfpg] p2]Zo of] pkGof;sf] sf] xf] . t/ ca cfjZostf 5 o:tf] l:yltnfO{ agfpg], /fi6«nfO{ o:tf] bnbndf kfg]{ sfd s;n] u¥of], s;/L o:tf] eof] eGg] s'/fkl§ klg cf}+nf b]vfpg] .Ú kf7sx?sf] o:t} 3R3RofO{sf] pkh lyof]–…rqmJo'xÚ Tof] klg w]/} rlr{t /x\of] .

dgsf] uf“7f]

s]xL cg'Ql/t ;jfn

z/bk|;fb cfrfo{

/fhf /fd zfxn] Gofo 5f8]sf] of] b]zdf b'v];f] kf]Vg] 7fp", b'v];f] ;'lglbg] dflg; 5}gg . ;+;f“em} ;a}sf 3/sf 9f]sf nfU5g\, af6f] nfu]sf] a6'jf gkms{g ;S5 . o:tf] lsg ===<

cfh x/]s a[4 afa'cfdfx?sf] ;xf/fsf] nf}/L vf]l;Psf] 5, d'v;Dd k'u]sf] uf“; n'l6Psf] 5 . e"d/Lsf] xfjfdf em+} b]z lbzfxLg eO{ d8fl/Psf] 5 . oL ;a}–;a}sf] hjfkm s;n] lbg] < kmnfgf] bnn] s'7f/f3ft u¥of], kmnfgf] kf6L{n] Jolerf/ u¥of], kmnfgf] ;+:yfn] e|i6frf/ u¥of], s] ;a}–;a} e|i6 / cof]Uo 5g\ < sf]xL kmnfgf]jfbL, sf]xL ltnfgf]jfbL cflv/ /fi6«k|]dL / hgtfjfbL sf] t < b]zsf] ;jf{ª\uL0f ljsf;, zflGt ;'/Iff, cdgr}gsf nflu k|wfgdGqL kmnfgf] axfb'/, b]zdf ;'zf;g–e|i6frf/ pGd"ng / ul/aL lgjf/0fsf] nflu k|wfgdGqL kmnfgf] k|;fb cflb cflb slt ;'lg/xg' kg]{ < k|foM ck/fwdf dGqL, /fHodGqL ;fd]n 5g\ rfx] k|ToIf xf];\ of ck|ToIf s] pgLx? sfg'geGbf pRr 5g\ < zfob oxL eP/ g} xf]nf pgLx?sf] /f}+ klg pv]lnb}g . s] >L k/d]Zj/n] ;b}j logsf tfn'df xft /fv]/ tyf:t' eg]sf x'G5g\ t < x/]s ;'/IffsdL{sf >LdtL cfkm\gf >Ldfg\nfO{ cf“vfdf cf“;' eP/ klg ljho>L ltns nufP/ labf ul5{g\ . s:tf] lj8Dagf pgn] klg lgb|fd} ljwjf x'g' k/]sf] 5 . o:tf cfttfoLx?nfO{ cfufdL lk+9Ln] sbflk dfkm ug]{ 5}g . ljZjsf] s'g} klg Oltxf;df qmflGt dfg]{ s'g} klg ;d:of lgbfg ePsf] 5}g . zflGtsf b"t a'4n] eg]sf lyP, æ;fjwfg ;fjwfg ;d'Gb|df hlt kfgL 5 Tolt cf“;' jlu;Sof] .Æ cflv/ dfg]{ / dg]{ qmd g/f]lsg] xf] eg] km]l/ csf]{ k|ltqmflGt t ;[hgf x'g] x}g < >Ls[i0f eujfgsf] nLnf lyof] kmnfdsf] d';n . ToxL d';nsf] z]ifsf] rf]6n] pgn] d[To'j/0f ug'{k¥of] . ljZjljVoft oËf eG5g\– æhxf“af6 dxTjfsf+IfL p8fg 6'+luG5 ToxLaf6 zflGt sfod x'g ;S5 .Æ t;y{ 5f]8f}+ of] tf08j / zflGt, Gofo / hgtfsf] p4f/df nfuf}+ . hgtf g} g/x], d'n's g} Wj:t eP s;n] s;dfly zf;g ug]{ <

– v'sf]{6, l;Gw'nL

gfg', of] ;jfn k|r08x?nfO{ ;f]Wg'

l;tf/fd d'8j/L

dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf] sf/0fn] ubf{ clxn] d'n'sdf …;~r} 5'Ú eGg] cj:yf ;d]t 5}g . pgLx?n] Tof] xs ;d]t vf];]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] cft+ssf] lzsf/ ;–;fgf afnaflnsf ;d]t ePsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL cft+sn] b]znfO{ 8;] klg g]tfx?sf] e|i6 rl/qn] b]z n'l6O/x]sf] eP klg To;sf] c;/ cjf]w afnaflnsfdfly kg'{ x'"b}g . c5fdsf] 36gfdf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L df]xgl;+x vqLnfO{ 6fpsf]df a~r/f]n] lxsf{P/, 5ftLdf uf]nL 7f]sL lgd{dtfk"j{s xTof ul/of] . pgLx?sf] o:tf] lgd{dtfn] ubf{ rf/ jifL{of vqLsf] 5f]/L 6'x/L ePsL l5g\ . ;+;f/ 5f]8]/ hfg]x? h'g ultn] uP klg u/ t/ tL cjf]w aflnsfsf] :ofxf/ ;';f/ s;n] ug]{ < tL aflnssf] dgdf p7]sf nx/ em}+ ;jfnsf] hjfkm s;n] lbg] < g]kfndf dfcf]jfbLsf] zgssf] lzsf/ ePsf s}of}+ cjf]w afnaflnsfn] v]Kg' k/]sf] dfgl;s tgfjsf] Ifltk"lt{ s;n] lbg] < o; k+lQmsf/ :jod\nfO{ b]Vg] ljlQs} cfNxflbtf eP/ e]6\g cfpg] tL ;fgL gfgLsf] jf0f em}+ tLvf ;jfnsf] hjfkm d;+u 5}g . To;}n] ltdL hfGg] a'em\g] ePkl5 tL k|Zgsf] hjfkm ltd|f csf{ sfsf k|r08 / afa'/fdnfO{ ;f]Wg' ltgn] dfq lbg ;Sg]5g\ ltd|f] ;jfnsf] hjfkm .

dfcf]jfbLsf] zgssf] lzsf/ x'g] ltdL PSnL dfq klg xf]Ogf} . cfqmd0fsf] qmddf dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg u/]/ cgdQ eP/ hfg] dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ dfG5] dfg'{ eg]sf] agsf] 9's'/ lzsf/ ug'{ h:t} ePsf] 5 . pgLx?nfO{ h;/L klg cfkm\gf] lj/f]wL l;Wofpg' 5 . rfx] To;af6 xhf/f}+ afnaflnsf 6'x'/f xf]pg jf 3/jf; p7]/ dfUb} lx+8'g\ . ;/sf/L ;]jfdf nfUg' g} vqLsf] bf]if /x]5 . 7"nf] e"n u/]5g\ pgn] hfuL/ vfP/ . hgtfsf] esf/L / 9's'6L n'6]/ vfg hlt ;lhnf] x'G5 Tolt ;lhnf] 5}g Pp6f st{Jolgi7 sd{rf/L eP/ af“Rg . c/fhs ultljlw ;kmn eP qmflGt x'G5 gq n'6, u'08fubL{ . cfh eTsfpg], ljufg]{, ljgfz ug]{, 6'x'/f] agfpg], clg ef]ln ;Qfdf k'u] ltg}sf] gfddf dfuL vfg] . ef], of] n'6sf] /fhgLlts rflx+b}g .

– uf}/, /f}tx6,

jftf{ g} e/kbf]{ cfwf/ xf]

wd{ ltlD;gf

dfcf]jfbL xTof, lx+;f, ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] tf]8kmf]8 cflbaf6 b]zdf /fhg}lts kl/jt{g vf]Hb}5g\ . hjls jt{dfg PSsfO;f}+ ztFAbLdf o; k|sf/n] kl/jt{g ug{ vf]Hg' c;Dej 5 . cfkm\gf] kIfdf hgdt tof/ ug'{ kg]{df dfcf]jfbL JolQm xTofdf plqPsf 5g\ . g]kfnsf 7"nf, ;fgf /fhg}lts bnx?b]lv lnP/ ljZjsf ljleGg /fi6«x? klg v'n]/ dfcf]jfbL lj?4 Psh'6 ePsf 5g\ . o;af6 s] :ki6 x'G5 eg] dfcf]jfbLsf] o; k|sf/n] /fhg}lts kl/jt{g Nofpg] unt z}nLk|lt b]zsf clwsf+z hgtf / ljZjsf clwsf+z /fi6«x? c;Gt'i6 5g\ . b]zsf clwsf+z hgtfnfO{ ;Gt'i6L k|bfg ug{ g;sL s;/L kl/jt{g ;Dej 5 < ;+;f/ hgdt Ps kIfdf ePsf] cj:yfdf, dfcf]jfbL s]jn Pp6f ;fgf] hTyfn] xTof / lx+;fsf] e/df Joj:yf kl/jt{g ug]{ ;kgf b]Vg' eg]sf] ju]sf] vf]nfnfO{ jfn'jfn] 5]Sg vf]Hg' l;jfo s]xL x'g ;Sb}g . Pp6f s'/f lgZro g} s] xf] eg] cft+s ;[hgf ug{ 7"nf] hdft rflx+b}g .

dfcf]jfbL xTof / lx+;fdf plqPsf] cj:yfdf ;/sf/ klg dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cft+ssf/L 3f]lift u/L b]zdf ;+s6sfnsf] 3f]if0ff u/]/ Jofks ?kdf ;'/Iffsf ;Dk"0f{ c+ux? kl/rfng u/L k|ltsf/df plqPsf] 5 .

;du| ?kdf o; kl/l:yltsf] d"Nof+sg u/]/ l56f]eGbf l56f] b]zdf l:y/tf / zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug'{kg]{ cleofg jt{dfg b]pjf ;/sf/sf sf“wdf cfPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] bfp 5f]k]/ cft+s km}nfpg] z}nL / ;/sf/sf] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ lgz:q kfg{ xfn rflnO/x]sf] z}nL b'j}af6 b]zn] cjZo klg zflGt kfp"b}g . o; cj:yfdf d'n'sdf zflGt :yfkgf ug{sf nflu ;/sf/n] jftf{sf] jftfj/0f tof/ ug'{kb{5 / dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf xltof/x? a'emfO{ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf k'gM a:g'kb{5 . ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLaLr k'gM jftf{ g} dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] Pp6f e/kbf]{ cfwf/ xf] .

– kf“uf, sLlt{k'/

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dfcf]jfbL kIf jftf{sf nflu tof/ eP/ cfpg' kb{5 . o; cl3 ;/sf/sf] cfx\jfgdf jftf{ ;+ej ePsf]n] casf] kfnf] dfcf]jfbLsf] xf] . hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL ePsf] eg]/ gyfSg] dfcf]jfbLn] jftf{nfO{ /0fgLlts rfnsf] ?kdf k|of]u u/]sf] xf]Og jf:tjdf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] glhs k'Ug vf]h]sf] xf] eg]/ ;/sf/nfO{ / hgtfnfO{ ljZjf; lbnfpg ;Sg' k5{ . dfcf]jfbLn] xfdL cft+sjfbL xf]Ogf}+, xfd|f] nIo ;Qf ;+3if{sf] xf] eG5g\ eg] jftf{df cfpg' k5{ . cGoyf dfcf]jfbLsf] gfddf nfu]sf] cft+sjfbLsf] sfnf] wAjf d]6\g d'lZsn 5 . / kl5Nnf 36gfx? x]bf{ pgLx? emg\ ljWj+;s aGb} uPsf 5g\, h;n] dfcf]jfbLleq n'6]/fx?sf] xfjL ePsf] k|i6\ofp"5 . p;} t ljs6 lhNnf hfh/sf]6df ljb]zLn] aNntNn k'¥ofOlbPsf] rfdn dfcf]jfbLn] n'6]kl5 hgtfn] s] vfg] < hgtfn] sfd u5f}+ / To;af6 cfPsf] rfdnn] hLljsf]kfh{g u5f}+{ eGbf klg gx'g] < s] oxL xf] ;j{xf/f d'lQmsf] cfGbf]ng < of] s:tf] qmflGt xf] < rLgn] eg]sf] 5– xfd|f dxfg g]tfnfO{ abgfd ug]{ k|of; ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL ltgnfO{ cfkm\gf] Oi6 b]jtf dfGb5g\ lrlgof“x? …Oi6Ú dfg]sf] h:tf] u/]/ abgfdL u/fPsf] dfGb5g\ . o;n] dfcf]jfbLn] unt af6f] cjnDag u/]sf] k|li6G5 . ca of] eGbf pgLx? unt 5g\ eg]/ b]vfpg s] af“sL 5 / <

x'g ;S5, ;/sf/n] clVtof/ u/]sf] gLltdf s]xL sdhf]/L ePsf] klg x'g ;S5 . t/ ToxL k/fnsf] TofGb|f] hqf] cfwf/df kLª v]n]/ dfcf]jfbLx? eflRrg t ePg lg . To;nfO{ s;/L ;'wfg{ ;lsG5, o;tkm{ ;f]Rg' k5{ . xf]Og eg] tflnjfgLsf] ktg h:t} dfcf]jfbLsf] klg x'G5 . o;df s'g} z+sf 5}g .

– sf7df8f}+

oL s:sf hgk|ltlglw x'g\ <

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/fhf hok|tfk dNnn] !&@& ;fndf lznfkq s'bfp"bf g]kfnL efiffsf] k|of]u u/]sf lyP . of] s'/f /fgLkf]v/Lsf] lznfkq x]bf{ yfx x'G5 . kj{t] s'/f cfkm\gf] lznfn]vdf lsg n]vfPsf xf]nfg\ < To;avt sf7df8f}+df d}lynL efiff / g]jf/L efiff k|rng lyof] . sf7df8f}+sf] 5]p5fpdf tfdfª efiff 5"b} lyof] . zfob o;sf lglDt Jofj;flostf lyof] jf jfWotf .

!(!% df d':tfªsf -6's'r]_ anjL/n] cfkm\gf] efiff -ysfnL_ nfO{ 5f8]/ kj{t] efiffdf s'/fsfgL ug'{ eGg] lylt a;fn], cfkm\gf] Jofkf/ kmi6fcf];\ eGgsf nflu . c+u|]h uf]/f clkm;/x?n] g]kfnL l;s]sf x'Gy] / clxn] klg l;s]sf x'G5g\ . clxn] g]kfnL efiff dnfofsf h+unb]lv n08gsf Jof/]s;Dd / kmsNof08 o'4 e"ld;Dd km}lnPsf] 5 . g]kfnL efiffsf] o:tf] ?k 5 eg] /fli6«o kf]zfsn] of] eGbf klg Jofks If]q cf]u6]sf] 5 . Tof] n08gdf a:g] uf]vf{nL xf];\ cyjf sf7df8f}+sf] g]jf/ xf];\ jf cGo hfthflt ;a}hgf nufp"5g\ . olt nfdf] Oltxf; af]s]/ / b]z ljb]zdf Jofks k|rf/df cfO;s]sf] /fli6«o kf]zfsnfO{ clgjfo{?kdf ;f+;bx?n] ;bg rn]sf avt nufpg pko'Qm x'g]5 . kj{df, ljZjdf hxL+ txL+ 5l/P/ a;]sf g]kfnLn] /fli6«o kf]zfs nufpg x'g] t/ hgtfsf k|ltlglw ;bgdf /fli6«o kf]zfs nufP/ hfg lsg c;lhnf] / cK7\of/f] dfGg] < g]kfnL ;dfhdf ;+ls0f{tfn] af6f] vf]Hb}5 < ;fdflhs ;fdGh:o :yflkt cem ;+;b\df lxGbLdf efif0f ug'{ sltsf] ;fGble{s xf] < xfdL s] sf nflu, s;sf] nflu jsfnt ub}{5f}+ < xfn} dfq klg ;+;b\df o:t} 36gf k'g/fj[lQ ePsf] 5 . g]kfnL ;dfhdf :t/Lo ;f]rfO{, sfd u/fO{sf] cfjZostf 5 . ;a}nfO{ dfly Nofp", xfdL tn g em/f}+, eGg] dfq x'g' kb{5 .

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k|foM b}lgs 5fkfx? kN6fp"bf d]/f lglDt ;a}eGbf a9L cfsif{0fsf ljifo Toxf“ 5flkPsf t:jL/x? x'g] u5{g\ . zAbsf] cfsif{0feGbf lrqsf] cfsif{0f a9L x'G5, lrqsf] efiff / efj a'em\g dg dfq} eP klg k'U5 . zAbdf k|j]z ug'{ cl3 k"j{– tof/L cfjZos kb{5 . 5fkfsf t:jL/ x]l/;s]kl5 d ltgsf] l;/fgdf jf k'5f/df n]lvPsf jfSof+zx? k9\g] u5'{, h'g >4f~hln, awfO{, z'e–sfdgf cyjf s'g} ;"rgf ;dfrf/ h];'s} x'g ;S5g\ . oL ;a} ljj/0f / j0f{g xfdL ;a}sf cg'xf/ d'lGt/ ljleGg cj:yf / cj;/x?df 6f“;]/ 5fKg ldNg] ePtf klg >4f~hlnsf] SofK;g eg] xfdL ;a}nfO{ s'g} g s'g} lbg ldNg} kg]{ SofK;g xf] eGg] ;Dem"bf a8f] cgf}7f] cg'ej u5'{ d . dg]{ dfG5]sf] t:jL/ ;'Gb/ 5 eg] t Tof] yk pT;'stfsf] s'/f aGg] u5{— cflv/ hlt;'s} ;'Gb/ cg'xf/ eP klg dl/G5 eGg] s'/f dfq} t xf] xfd|f] hLjgsf] ;To . cfkm"n] slxNo} dnf{g eg]/ glrtfPsf zlQm / ;fdYo{jfg\x?sf t:jL/ o;}u/L lg:s]sf] b]Vtf d[To'sf] ;j{zlQmdotfsf] af]wsf sf/0f leq st} ;Ggf6fn] lrdf]6]sf] cg'ej x'G5 . lgs6 kl/rosf, cfTdLox?sf t:jL/nfO{ o:tf ;Gbe{df t6:ytfk"j{s x]g{ ;ls+b}g, ltgdf ;fb[Zo cg'ej x'G5 cfkm\gf] / o:tf b[Zox?n] xNnfpg] u5{g\ . xfdL d[To'nfO{ ;w}+ cfkm"eGbf k[ys x]g{ ?rfp"5f}+, To;nfO{ 5]Sg / 6fg{ ldN5 eg]/ kTofpg ?rfp"5f}+ .

a"9fa'9L pd]/df d/]sfx?sf] k|foM hjfgLsf t:jL/ 5flkPsf] b]Vtf ;'? ;'?df a8f] gldn]sf] h:tf] nfUYof] dnfO{ . cr]n nfU5— 7Ls} t xf] . ;f}Gbo{–r]tgfk|ltsf] dfG5]sf] cgGt ltvf{sf] OdfGbf/ cleJolQm xf] of] . cf–cfkm\gf] ;fdYo{ / ;Ldf cg'?k cfkm\gf / cfkmGtsf ;'Gb/td t:jL/x? s'g} g s'g} axfgfn] ;fj{hlgs ug]{ /x/ cf–cfkm\gf] uR5] cg';f/, cf–cfkm\gf lsl;dn] xfdL ;a}n] ul//x]s} x'G5f}+ . cfkm" of] ;+;f/df pkl:yt 5' / ;'Gb/ 5' eg]/ b'lgofnfO{ b]vfpg] OR5f xfd|f] ;gftg OR5f xf] . lzjTj / ;Tok|ltsf] dfG5]sf] cfGtl/s nufj o:t} ;f}Gbo{ r]tgfsf laDax?df d'vl/t x'g] u5{g\ . d cg'ej u5'{— ;a} dfG5] cfkm\gf] cg'xf/ P]gfdf x]/]/ ;f]Rtf xf]nfg\— …;+;f/df ;a}eGbf ;'Gb/ / lk|o cg'xf/ oxL xf] .Ú cGoyf ToxL Pp6} cg'xf/ lbglbg} l5gl5g} x]l//x]/ klg dfG5] lsg jfSs x'"b}g < yfSt}g lsg < j}/fu lsg nfUb}g < cem To;}nfO{ l;+ufg]{, ;hfpg], cem /fd|f] agfpg] OR5f lsg e}/xG5 < d cfkm}+ cg'ej u5'{— cfkm\gf] cg'xf/ / cj:yf cfkm"nfO{ /fd|f] gnfu]sf] l:yltdf ;+;f/sf] ;fdgf ug]{ OR5f a8f] sdhf]/ x'g] u5{ . oyfy{df d[To'kl5 klg of] k[YjLdf xfd|f ;'Gb/tfsf kIf dfq} 1ft /x"g\ eGg] xfdL rfxG5f}+ . w]/}kN6 7§} 7§fdf d}n] klg 3/df eg]sL 5'– d d/]+ eg] / d]/f] t:jL/ 5fkfdf lgsfNg k¥of] eg] ;aeGbf /fd|f] t:jL/ lbg' x} < o:tf ux'|uf, ;To s'/fx?nfO{ cfkm"dfly cf/f]lkt u/]/ cleJoQm ubf{ xf:osf] ;xof]un] a8f] ;lhnf] x'g] u5{ . o:tf cj:yfdf nfU5— ;f“lRrs} d[To' d]/f ;Gbe{df o:t} 7§f dfq} xf], 5fkfdf d]/f] t:jL/sf 5]pdf slxNo} >4f~hln n]lvg] 5}g, sd;]sd d}n] cfkm\gf cf“vfn] Tof] b]Vg] 5}g .

o:tf] oyfy{sf cltl/Qm xfdL k|To]sn] of] k[YjLdf cfkm"nfO{ ckl/xfo{ 7fGg] u/]sf] cj:yfn] dleq pT;'stf k}bf ul//x]5 . klxnf klxnf d cfkm}+nfO{ klg nflu/xGYof]— h'g kl/j]z;+u d uf“l;PsL 5', Toxf“ d]/f] ljsNk 5}g, d]/f cefjdf Toxf“ ck"/0fLo l/Qmtf k}bf x'g]5, ah|kft x'g]5 ;dosf] To; v08df . dnfO{ k|]d ug]{x?aLr d]/f] cg'kl:ylt ljiffb ag]/ /lx/xg]5 . a8f] c:tJo:t x'g]5, zf]sdf 8'la/xg]5 of] kl/j]z . cfkm\g} cl3lNt/ Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ dfG5]sf] ckl/xfo{tf ;dfKt ePsf b[Zox? b]Vt} x]b}{ uPkl5 qmdzM of] oyfy{ klg v'Nb} uPsf] cg'ej d u5'{ . ;+;f/df sf]xL geP/ jf s]xL geP/ s]xL 5]ls+b}g, s'g} k|no x'"b}g k[YjLdf . cl:tTj cfkm\g} ultdf lx+l8/xG5 .

Pshgf a[4f 5g\ d]/f] 3/ glhs} al:5g\– 7"lNbbL . ;w}+ xtf/df x'lG5g\Ù g ldnfP/ n'uf nufpg] km';{t 5 pgnfO{, g vfg km';{t 5 . hltv]/ klg …laTof;} kl/;Sof], af/Ldf dn xfNg kfPsf] 5}g, kfgLn] kvf{n n8fP/ df6f] aufP/ nlu;Sof] . vGg, v';f{gL /f]Kg laTof], ds} xfNg, ds} uf]8\g lalt;Sof], kmnfgf]n] ;f“w ldlr;Sof], cflb Pp6f g Pp6f lk/f]nf]n] afx|}df; pgnfO{ 5f]8]sf] x'"b}g . Hj/f]n] lg:nf]6 eP/ ;'Tbf klg pgL o:t} aa{/fO/xlG5g\ . c;L jif{ sl6;s]sL oL a[4fsf] of] cfQ'/L b]Vtf nfU5, logn] slxNo} cfkm" ljgfsf] ;+;f/sf] sNkgf u/]sL 5}gg\ . d pgnfO{ b]v]/ 5Ss k5'{— cflv/ 7"lNbbL gePsf] lbgdf klg t of] af/L x'G5, Toltv]/ klg ds} 5g]{, uf]8\g] a]nf cfp"5, kvf{n eTs]/ df6f] aU5 . xfdLnfO{ 7"N7"nf ;d:of nfu]sf s'/f k|s[ltsf lglDt ;d:of gx'g klg ;S5g\ . k|foM x'"b}gg\ g} . oyfy{df xfdLn] cfkm\gf] dxQf :yflkt ug}{sf lglDt cfkm}+n] ;d:ofx?sf] l;h{gf u5f}{+, To;sf] ;dfwfgsf] lglDt ;a}eGbf pQd kfq cfkm" x'" eGg] af]wn] cfkm\gf] pkof]lutf :yfkgf ug{ ;lhnf] x'G5 . cfkm"nfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/, cfkm\gf] dxTj ug{ :yflkt u/]/ af“Rbf 7"nf] ;Gtf]if ldN5 xfdLnfO{, t[Kt x'g] u5{ xfd|f] cxÍf/ . ;s];Dd t xfdL 7"nf] j[Qdf cfkm\gf] dxQfnfO{ :yflkt ug]{ k|oTg u5f}+{, geP klg cf–cfkm\gf] uR5] / x}l;ot cg';f/ ;a}n] cfkm\gf] ckl/xfo{tfsf k|lt cfkm}+nfO{ rflx+ cfZj:t kf/]s} x'G5g\ . d geP of] 3/sf] ;Gt'ng s;n] ldnfp"5 < jf d geP oL afnaRrfsf] x]/ljrf/ s;n] u5{ < jf s;n] ;DxfN5 oqf] dxTjk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L < s;n] lnG5 g]t[Tj jf s;n] hf]ufp"5 /fi6« < s;n] /fd|/L ds} uf]8\5 of v';f{gL /f]K5 < of] ;Dk"0f{ Joj:yfleq cfkm\gf] ck|f;flËstf / cy{xLgtfsf] cg'ej ug'{ jf cfkm\gf] cefjdf klg of] ;a rN5 eg]/ :jLsf/ u/L u/L af“Rg', xfdL ;fdfGo sf]l6sf dfG5]x?sf nflu d[To' ;dfg s} cg'ej x'g] u5{ . e|d g} eP klg xfdLnfO{ ;fGTjgf rflxG5 ls xfd|f] pkl:ylt ;f“lRrs} cy{k"0f{ 5, ;'Gb/ 5 . dfG5]n] hLjgdf ;w}+ cfkm\gf] cy{ / pkof]lutf vf]lh/x]sf] x'G5 .

k|foM tTsfnsf] /fhgLlts l:yltnfO{ nIo u/]/ sltko dfG5] a8f] efj's / ;f“lRrs} b'MvL eP/ s'/fsfgL ul//x]sf] ;'Gbf ;w}+ cNdlng] u5'{ d— …x}g, 8'la;Sof] b]z, vQd} e};Sof], s] ug]{ < s;f] ug]{ < s;/L arfpg] <Ú cflb cflb . o:tf cj:yfdf d cg'ej u5'{, 7"lNbbLsf] cfQ'/L / logLx?sf] cTof;df s'g} leGgtf 5}g . 7"lNbbLn] kvf{n eTs]/ df6f] alu;Sof] jf ;+lwof/n] ;f“w ldlr;Sof] eGg' / b]z ;dfKt x'g nfUof] eGg' Pp6} s'/f xf] . ;lsG5 eg] cf–cfkm\gf] ;fdYo{ / a"tf cg';f/ ;+/If0f ug{ k|oTg ug]{ xf], cGoyf k|no g} eP/ ;a} ;lsG5 g} eg] klg s] ug{ ;lsG5 / < ;dosf] cgGt sfnv08df hdLgsf, b]zsf ;Ldfx? af/Daf/ eTs]sf 5g\, d]l6Psf 5g\ . Ps5Q ;dosf] ;Ldfleq e"v08df k'gM k'gM ;f“w lsNnf sfod u/]/ chËsf kvf{n nfUg] / 9Ng] u/]sf 5g\ af/Daf/ . aGg] / eTsg] of] lqmof k[YjLdf lgTo lg/Gt/ eOg} /x]sf] 5 / ;w}+ dfG5]s} /utsf] e]ndf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 of] lqmof . oxL cgGt sfnv08sf] Pp6f ljGb'df oxL k|lqmofsf] Ps emnsleq d ;xefuL klg x'" / ;fIfL klg x'" . d}n] d]/f] efudf k/]sf] bfloTj OdfGbf/Lk"j{s lgjf{x ug]{ k|oTg ug]{ ;Dd dfq} xf] . ;a} s'/f d]/f] lgoGq0fdf sxf“ 5g\ / < d lrlGtt eP/ ;+;f/sf ;a} ;d:of ;'Nem"b}gg\ . ;To oxL xf] / klg ;+;f/sf 36gf b'3{6gfåf/f af/Daf/ ljrlnt x'g] u5'{ d . r]tgfsf] h'g txdf d 5', Toxf“ dfG5] nf}lss ljklQåf/f cfqmfGt x'g' :jfefljs} klg xf] . t/ ha sltko k|Voflt k|fKt of]uL, ;Gof;Lx? ;d]t xfdL ;f+;f/L h:t} nf}lss If0feË'/ lqmofx?k|lt cToflws ;+j]bgzLn /x]/ cflQg], cf“;' aufpg] u5{g\, pgLx? / cfkm"aLrsf] leGgtf a'em\g g;Stf dnfO{ cfZro{ nfUg] u5{ .

;+;f/sf clwsf+z dfG5] b'MvL 5g\ . cfkm" b'MvL ePs} sf/0fn] tL c?nfO{ klg b'Mv lbG5g\ . ;Gt'i6, cfglGbt dfG5]n] c?nfO{ kL8f lbg] s'/f ;f]Rt} ;f]Rt}g . oxL b'Mvaf6 d'lQm / cfgGbsf] k|flKts} k|of]hgsf lglDt af/Daf/ dfG5]n] lj4+; dRrfp"5 / lgdf{0f u5{ . p;leqsf cgGt ct[lKt, cefj / xfxfsf/sf laDa x'g\ oL lqmof . oL ;a s[Toaf6 cflht e};s]kl5 dfq dfG5] logsf] lg/y{stf af]w ug]{ l:yltdf k'U5 ;DejtM . Wj+z / /rgfsf oL s[Tox?nfO{ …nLnfÚsf ?kdf dfq} u|x0f u/]/ To;af6 k[ys /xg ;s]sf If0f dfG5]sf] cfgGbsf] vf]hLtkm{sf] ofqf k"0f{ x'G5 eG5g\ . ;f}Gbo{sf] To; cj:yfdf pknAw ePsfx?sf lgldQ cfkm\gf] nf}lss ;f}Gbo{ c?åf/f cg'df]bg u/fO/xg' kg]{ s'g} cfjZostf ;DejtM kb}{g .

nLnfd} lnKt /x]sf xfdL h:tfsf lglDt eg] 7"nf] lk/nf] aGg] u5{ of] ;+;f/, hLjg a8f] ef/L af]em aGg] u5{ . v';f{gL /f]Kgb]lv lnP/ /fi6« arfpg d dfq} of]Uo, pko'Qm / ckl/xfo{ klg 5' eg]/ af/Daf/ c?sf ;fd'Gg] k|bz{g, k|dfl0ft ul//xg' kg]{ cfjZostf kg]{ x'gfn] g} xf]nf, hLjgdf dfq} xf]Og, d/0ff]k/FGt klg xfdLnfO{ 5fkfdf cfkm\gf] ;'Gb/ t:jL/ / ;'?lrk"0f{ j0f{g 5kfpg] nf]e nflu/xG5 .

– kf]=j=g+ $^*! sf7df8f}+

k|ltWjlg

Po/kf]6{sf e|i6frf/LnfO{ sf/jfxL xf];\

b'MvL hLjg ljtfpg afWo ePsf] ljut % jif{b]lv d c/asf] d?e"lddf sfd ub}{ cfPsf] 5' . b'O{ jif{ kl5 g]kfn kms{g] 5' . / g]kfn Po/kf]6{df cf]n{+bf dnfO{ ;f/} g} uj{ dx;'; x'G5 . t/ xfd|f g]kfn Po/kf]6{sf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ceb| Jojxf/n] ubf{ d]/f dfq geP/ :jb]z kms{g] g]kfnL bfh'efOx?sf] dg ;fx}| g} b'MvL aG5 . xfdLn] v'g, kl;gf Ps Ps u/L sdfP/ gof“ k'/fgf] x/]s vfnsf ;fdfg nU5f}+ . gof“ ;fdfgsf] t lgod cg';f/ eG;f/ lbg' g} k5{ lbG5f}+ klg t/ tL sd{rf/Lx?n] k'/fgf] ;fdfg h:t} l6eL, eL;Lcf/, ;L8L, eL;L8L OToflb ;a}sf] gof“sf] eG;f/ /]6 atfp"5g / kl5 xfdL ldnfp"5f}+ eG5g\ . clg kl5 cfwf /]6 h:t} eL;Lcf/nfO{ !* xhf/ 5 eg] kl5 bz xhf/df ldnfp"5' egL xfdLaf6 !) xhf/ lnG5g\ . / k|of]u ul/;s]sf] egL @÷# xhf/ eG;f/sf] k'hL{ sf6\5g\ . / xfdLnfO{ ydfO{ lbG5g\ . & xhf/ cfkm"n] vfG5g\ . pgLx?n] k};f vfg kfP eg] gof“ ;fdfg klg k'/fgf] u/fO{ eG;f/ z'Ns lnG5g\ . ;/sf/n] oL e|i6frf/L sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ lsg 5'6 lbO/fv]sf] 5 < olt v'nf ?kdf e|i6frf/ ePsf] 5 ltgLx?nfO{ lsg sf/jfxL x'"b}g .

– eLdsfGt clwsf/L
bf]xf, stf/

g]tfx?n] hgtfnfO{ af]sf] agfP5g\

j}zfv ^ ut]sf] …ljdz{Údf gLnfDa/ cfrfo{n] JoQm ug'{ ePsf] ljrf/ k9]kl5 xfdL e|ddf /x]5f}+ h:tf] nfUof] . cfkm\gf] ljrf/sf] nflu cfrfo{nfO{ wGojfb . jf:tjdf a]/f]huf/L, clzIffsf] ;:tf] gf/f lbP/ hgtfnfO{ /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] af]sf] agfpg] u/]sf /x]5g\ . a]/f]huf/L sxf“ 5}g < k"0f{tM lzlIft sxf“ 5g\ . oBlk xfdLn] oL s'/fdf ;'wf/ ug'{k5{ . ;Qfsf] rfjL xftdf lnP/ lx+8]sfx?df b]lvPsf] ljrf/xLgtf / h;/L eP klg ;Qf k|fKt ug]{ kmf];|f] v]n g} tdfd ;d:ofsf] h8 xf] . h;n] ubf{ d'n'sdf cl:y/tf JofKt eof] / dfcf]jfbL nufotsf df}sfsf] vf]hLdf /x]sf zlQmx?nfO{ hgtf e8\sfpg] d;nf ldNof] .

To;}u/L, k|To]s k6s HjnGt ljifodf cfkm\gf] ;f/ule{t larf/ sndsf] dfWodaf6 kf]Vg' x'g] xl/x/ lj/xL klg wGojfbsf kfq x'g'x'G5 . hDaf] dlGqd08n, ;+s6sfn ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg nufot hlt klg ljifodf pxf“n] n]Vg'eof] To;kl5 ;j{q rrf{ kfof] . o;k6s n]Vg'ePsf] s'g af6f]af6 hfg], zLif{ssf] n]v cToGt ljrf/f]Q]hs 5 . …ljdz{Ún] cfufdL lbgdf o:t} :ki6 ljrf/ k|bfg ub}{ hfcf];\ .

– u0f]z vltj8f
sf7df8f}+

cft+sjfbL;+u clxn] jftf{ ug'{ 7Ls 5}g

g]kfnsf dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+:yf Pjd\ cGo s]xL jfdkGyL kf6L{x?n] dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf/L;+u jftf{ ug'{k5{ eg]sf 5g\ . t/ clxn] dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{ ug'{ x'"b}g . dfcf]jfbLx? t cft+ssf/L dfq xf]Og ck/fwL / xTof/f klg x'g\ . To;}n] To:tf xTof/f / ck/fwL;+u s] sf] jftf{ < lsg jftf{ < ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] ;}Go ;'wf/ u/]/ To:tf cft+sjfbLnfO{ tx nufpg' k5{ / clxn] ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbL g]tfx?sf] 6fpsfsf] df]n tf]s]/ 7Ls sfd u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf s]xL kf6L{x?n] o;nfO{ ck|hftflGqs lg0f{o eg]sf 5g\ t/ dnfO{ To:tf] nfUb}g . lsgeg] cd]l/sf h:tf] k|hftflGqs d'n'sn] klg ljg nfb]gsf] d"No tf]s]sf] lyof], Tof] rflx+ s;/L u}/ k|hftflGqs ePg < To;}n] of] jftnfO{ jt+u agfpg] k|of; dfq xf] . To;}n] dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{ ul/g' x'p:"b}g .

– l/tf s];L
Od]naf6

kf08]sf] ;fxl;s lg0f{o

utf+ssf] ;fKtflxs …ljdz{Ú df k|sflzt k"j{dGqL xl/k|;fb kf08]sf] cGtjf{tf{ kl9of] . pgsf] cGtjf{tf{ k9]kl5 d cToGt k|efljt eP" . e|i6frf/n] ubf{ lbgk|ltlbg vf]qmf] aGb} uPsf] g]kfnsf] nflu k"j{dGqLn] cfkm"n] u/]sf s's[Tosf] e08fkmf]/ ug'{nfO{ ;sf/fTds sbd dfGg ;lsG5 . kfk u/]kl5 kZrftfk ug'{ lgZro dxfgtf xf] . kf08]sf] o:tf] a'nGb lg0f{on] c? e|i6frf/df lnKt ePsf dGqL Pj+ pRr kb:y JolQmx?nfO{ klg ;xL af6f]df Nofpg d2t k'¥ofpg ;S5 . e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] cfGbf]ngdf :jod\nfO{ cK7\of/f] kg]{ lg0f{o ug]{ kf08] wGojfbsf kfq x'g'x'G5 .

– Pg= ;f]gfd z]kf{
xfnM Go"of]s{, cd]l/sf

clen]v

cft+ssf/Lsf] d"No

;/sf/n] cft+ssf/L 3f]lift dfcf]jfbLsf g]tfx?sf] t:jL/ ;fj{hlgs u/]kl5 ut a'wjf/ -@)%( a}zfv !) ut]_ pgLx?nfO{ kqmfp u/L hLjLt jf d[t ?kdf ;'/IffsdL{ ;dIf a'emfpg ;Sg] JolQmnfO{ plrt /sd k|bfg ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL g]tfx?nfO{ kqmg] dfq xf]Og pgLx?sf] ;'/fsL lbg] JolQmnfO{ ;d]t ;/sf/n] k'/:s[t ug]{ ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] tL g]tfx?sf] >]0fL cg';f/ /sd 5'6\ofPsf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} dfcf]jfbL g]tf kqmfp ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] JolQmnfO{ ;'/Iff / /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf ug]{ / ;"rgfsf] ;|f]t uf]Ko /fVg] ePsf] 5 . o:tf] k'/:sf/ xft xltof/ a/fdb ug{ ;'/fsL lbg] jf a'emfpg]sf] nflu klg Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/n] txut ?kdf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx?sf] o; k|sf/n] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 .

u[x dGqfnosf lj1lKtM dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn -k|r08_, 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{, df]xg j}B -ls/0f_nfO{ kqmfp ug]{ jf lgoGq0fdf lnO{ hLljt jf d[t ?kdf ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ a'emfpg] JolQmnfO{ k'/:sf/:j?k %) nfv ?k}of“ lbOg]5 . o:tf] sfo{sf nflu ;'/fs lbO{ To:tf JolQm kqmfp k/]df ;'/fs lbg] JolQmnfO{ %) k|ltzt k'/:sf/ lbg] lg0f{o ;/sf/n] u/]sf] 5 .

cft+ssf/L lqmofsnfk lgoGq0f ug]{ qmddf ;/sf/n] of] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . To:t}, dfcf]jfbLsf kf]i6axfb'/ af]u6L, gGblszf]/ k'g, s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f, ;LkL uh'/]n / pgLx?sf] :t/sf JolQmnfO{ kqmfp ug]{ jf lgoGq0fdf lnO{ hLljt jf d[t ?kdf ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ a'emfpg] JolQmnfO{ #% nfv lbOg]5 . To:tf] sfo{df ;'/fs lbO{ ;DalGwt JolQm kqmfp k/]df ;'/fs lbg] JolQmnfO{ pQm /sdsf] %) k|ltzt pknAw u/fOg]5 .

To:t}, dfcf]jfbLsf] slyt s]Gb|Lo sld6L ;b:onfO{ kqmfp ug]{ jf lgoGq0fdf lnO{ hLljt jf d[t ?kdf ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ a'emfpg]nfO{ @% nfv lbOg]5 eg] ;'/fsLnfO{ To;sf] %) k|ltzt pknAw u/fOg]5 . slyt OGrfh{ / Knf6'g sdf08/nfO{ kqmfp ug]{ jf lgoGq0f lnO{ ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ hLljt jf d[t ?kdf a'emfpg]nfO{ !) nfv ?k}of“ / ;'/fsLnfO{ To;sf] cfwf pknAw u/fOg]5 .

dfcf]jfbL;+u ePsf xltof/ a/fdb ug{ ;'/fs lbg] jf a'emfpg Nofpg]nfO{ ;d]t k'/:sf/ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . hLkLPdhL÷$) PdPd /s]6nGr/, *! PdPd df]6f{/sf] $ nfv ?k}of“, PdhLsf] # nfv ?k}of“, PnPncf/sf] ! nfv ?k}of“, #)#sf]÷PdPdhLsf] &% xhf/ ?k}of“ / km\ofS6«L d]8 lk:tf]n÷l/eNj/sf] @% xhf/ ?k}of“ lbOg] 5 .

dfcf]jfbL g]tfnfO{ kqmfp ug{ jf d[t cj:yfdf ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ a'emfpg], pgLx?sf xltof/af/] ;'/fs lbg] jf a'emfpg] JolQmnfO{ k'/:sf/sf;fy ;'/Iff k|bfg ug]{, /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf ug]{ Pj+ ;"rgf / cfly{s ;|f]t uf]Ko /flvg] 5 .

/+ut/+u

g'dfkm'ª, ca sf7df8f}+df

lnDa' ;+:s[ltdf cfwfl/t rnlrq g'dfkm'ªsf] @)%( h]7 $ ut] jL/]Gb| cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|df g]kfnsf] k|yd k|bz{gL cfof]hgf x'"b}5 . lnDa' hfltsf] ;fdflhs ;+:yf ls/ft ofSy'd r'Dn'ªn] pQm k|bz{gLsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ ePsf] 5 . of] rnlrq o; cufl8 xªsªdf k|bz{g e};s]sf] 5 .

h]7 $ df cfof]hgf x'g] k|yd k|bz{gkl5 sf7df8f}+ nufot g]kfnsf k|d'v zx/x? kf]v/f, a'6jn, gf/fo0f3f6, x]6f}+8f, jL/u~h, lj/f6gu/, w/fg, bds, ljtf{df]8, eb|k'/ cflbdf ljz]if k|bz{gLsf] cfof]hgf ul/g]5 . oL k|bz{gLx?sf] cfof]hgf :yfgLo ;fdflhs ;+3, ;+:yfx?n] ug]{5g\ .

o;}aLr, g'dfkm'ª rnlrqsf] ef/tdf x'g] k|bz{gsf] ;'?jft l;lSsdsf] ufGtf]saf6 ul/g] 5 . To;kl5 bflh{lnª, sflnªkf]ª, v;f{ª, 8'c;{, l;lnu'8Ldf klg ljz]if k|bz{gLx? cfof]hgf ul/g] 5 .

d]G5\ofo]d lkSr;{sf] Aofg/df Sof=5ljnfn xfª;f]ª / gjLg ;'Aafn] ;+o'Qm ?kdf lgdf{0f u/]sf] g'dfkm'ªsf] lgb]{zs gjLg ;'Aaf x'g\ . sflhdfg sGbªjfsf] syf sf/f]jf/ ls 3/jf/df cfwfl/t of] rnlrqdf cg'kdf ;'Aaf, lgªjfxfªdf lnDa', cfnf]s g]Djfª, k|]d ;'Aaf, rGb|Wjh lnDa', lgd{nf b]jfg /fO{, ljdnf ;'Aaf, l;vf tfdfª, :j=h]=jL= ;'Aaf / /fddfof t'd|'s k|d'v e"ldsfdf /x]sf 5g\ .

o; rnlrqdf l;g]df6f]u|fkm/ /fh' yfkf, ;Dkfbg ;ld/f h}g, ;+uLt Gx\o' ah|rfo{, uLt e"kfn /fO{ / lgdf{0f kl/sNkgf /fh yfkfsf] /x]sf] 5 .

lw/hnfO{ klxnf] k'/:sf/ Û

g]kfn o'jf ;dfhn] kk ufos lw/hnfO{ @)%* ;fnsf] pTs[i6 kk ufossf] 3f]if0ff ub}{ k'/:s[t ug{] ePsf] 5 . oxL j}zfv @$ ut] Ps ;df/f]xaLr k|bfg ul/g] ;f] k'/:sf/ sfo{qmddf ufos /fO{n] % xhf/ Ps ?k}of“ k'/:sf/ kfpg]5g\ .

x/]s jif{ leGbf leGb} snfsd{sf ljwfx?df rrf{ kfPsf k|ltefx?nfO{ k'/:s[t ub}{ cfPsf] o'jf ;dfhn] em08} Ps bzssf] sfnv08 kk ufogdf vr]{sf k|ltef /fO{nfO{ ;f] k'/:sf/ lbg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] xf] . k'/:sf/sf] 3f]if0ffkl5 kk ufos /fO{n] o;n] cfkm"nfO{ Pp6f ultnf] pTk|]/0ffsf] jftfj/0f tof/ ul/lbPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . ufog ofqfdf Ps bzs latfO;Sbf klg pgsf nflu of] klxnf] k'/:sf/ aGg k'u]sf] 5 .

lat]sf] jif{el/ clwsfz ;~rf/ dfWodx?df 5\ofK5\ofKtL 5fPsf kk ufos /fO{n] lgs6 eljio e} Pp6f csf]{ gof“ PNadsf] tof/L ul//x]sf 5g\ . casf cfkm\gf uLtx? cem} ;+j]bgzLn / efjgf k|wfg x'g] atfpg] /fO{nfO{ of] klxnf] k'/:sf/n] slQsf] pmhf{zLn agfpnf ;a}sf] rf;f]sf] ljifo aGb}5 .

b'O{ rnlrqsf] k|lt:kwf{

aflx/ Jofj;flos ?kdf em08} em08} …km\nkÚ eP/ /fhwfgL lelqPsf b'O{ rnlrqx? …sd{Ú / …km]l/ ltd|f] ofb cfof]Ú sf] k|lt:kwf{ ;'? ePsf] 5 . oxL ;ftfb]lv ljZjHof]lt Kofgnsf s]xL rnlrq 3/x?df ;fj{hlgs ePsf] rnlrq …sd{Ú lgb]{zs bof/fd bfxfnsf] ;a}eGbf sd rrf{ ePsf] l;g]df xf] eg] lgb]{zs /d]z a'9fyf]sLsf] ;a}eGbf rrf{ ePsf] l;g]df …km]l/ ltd|f] ofb cfof]Ú xf] .

rrf{sf lx;fan] b'j} l;g]dfx?df km/s b]lvP klg ljifo:t' / rnlrqsf] ;Lk ;f}Gbo{sf] b[li6sf]0fn] eg] oL b'j} gfdx?df s]xL km/skg kfpg ;ls+b}g . b'a} rnlrq kfl/jfl/s k|]dsyfdf ag]sf rnlrqx? x'g\ .

lgb]{zs bfxfnsf] rnlrq …sd{Údf /fds[i0f ahufO+{, piff kf}8]n, d'/nLw/, lzj >]i7 / zld{nf dNn nufotsf snfsf/x?sf] zLif{ e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 eg] /d]z a'9fyf]sLsf] rnlrq …km]l/ ltd|f] ofb cfof]Údf ;f}/e sfsL{ / cd[th+u a:g]t, df]lgdf, / >'tL cof{nn] clego u/]sf 5g\ .

zxl/of t8se8s / u|fdL0fkgaLrsf] cGt/ lj/f]wnfO{ d'Vo ljifoj:t' ePsf] rnlrq …km]l/ ltd|f] ofb cfof]Ún] /fhwfgLdf /fd|f] Joj;fo ug]{ cfzf JoQm u/]sf 5g\ lgdf{tf ljb'/ kf}8]nn] . kf}8]n eG5g\– pkTosf / aflx/ plrt ;dodf ;fj{hlgs ug{ g;lsPsf]n] / ev{/ ev{/ b]zdf ;+s6sfn ;'? ePsf]n] d]/f] rnlrqn] /fd|f] Joj;fo u/]sf] lyPg . t/ pkTosfdf eg] d a9L cfzfjfbL 5' .

cy{rqm

g]kfnsf] a}+ls¨ If]qsf] oyfy{

/fhgl;+x e08f/L

cGo d'n'sx?df em}+ g]kfnsf] ljQLo If]qdf klg a}+lsË If]qsf] sf/f]af/ ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . @)%* c;f/df jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] ljQLo If]q;+u /x]sf] s"n lgIf]ksf] s/Lj (! k|ltzt / shf{ nufgLsf] *! k|ltzt sf/f]af/ cf]u6]sf 5g\ . o;n] g]kfnsf] ljQLo If]qdf a}+lsË If]qsf] of]ubfgnfO{ k|i6 kfb{5 . o;/L g} a}+lsË If]qsf] sf/f]af/nfO{ d"Nof+sg ug]{ xf] eg] a}+lsË IF]qn] kl/rfng u/]sf] s"n lgIf]k ?=!*) ca{dWo] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s / g]kfn a}+s ln=sf] of]ubfg $@ k|ltzt -?=&^ ca{_ /x]sf] 5 eg] shf{ nufgLtkm{ s"n shf{ ?=!!$=% ca{dWo] oL b'O{ a}+sx?sf] of]ubfg $^ k|ltzt ?=%)=% ca{_ /x]sf] 5 . To;}n] a}+lsË If]qsf] em08} cfwf lx:;f cem} oL b'O{ a}+sn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . To:t} zfvfut b[li6sf]0faf6 x]g]{ xf] eg] oL ;/sf/L :jfldTj ePsf b'O{ a}+sx?n] *! k|ltzteGbf a9L of]ubfg b]lvG5 . t;y{, clxn]sf] l:yltdf oL b'O{ a}+sx?sf] a}+lsË If]qdf u/]sf] of]ubfg ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ b]lvG5 Pj+ a}+lsË If]qsf] ultljlwdf oL a}+sx?n] lg0ff{os e"ldsf v]Ng] u/]sf] kfO{G5 .

a}+lsË If]qsf] ultljlwnfO{ d"Nof+sg ubf{ ;/sf/L :jfldTjsf oL b'O{ a}+sx?sf] l:ylt eg] qmdzM v:sbf] cj:yfdf /x]sf] t/ cGo lghL If]qsf a}+sx?sf] sf/f]af/sf] c+z a9\bf] l:yltdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . tnsf] tflnsfn] oL b'O{ a}+ssf] ahf/ c+z lubf]{ cj:yf /x]sf] / cGo a}+sx?sf] a9\bf] cj:yf /x]sf] k|i6 b]vfPsf] 5 .

a}+ssf] ahf/ c+z

-ahf/ c+z k|ltztdf_

@)%) c;f/ @)%% c;f/ @)%* c;f/

g]=a}+=ln= / cGo g]=a}+=ln= / cGo g]=a}+=ln= / cGo

/f=jf=a}+s /f=jf=a}+s /f=jf=a}+s

k'"hL sf]if &# @& $^ %$ #! ^(

lgIf]k ^* #@ %$ #^ $@ %*

t/n sf]if ^# #& %# $& $! %(

shf{ nufgL &$ @^ ^! #( $^ %$

o;/L ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf a}+sx?sf] ;j{;fwf/0f hgtf ;dIf kof{Kt kx'"r ePtf klg sf/f]af/ eg] ;Gtf]ifhgs l:yltdf g/x]sf] / cGo a}+sx?n] qmdzM k|lt:yfkg ub}{ nu]sf] l:ylt b]lvG5 . ljQLo If]q ;'b[9 x'gsf nflu ;a} a}+sx?df k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtfdf clea[l4 x'g' kb{5 / cfkm\gf] s'zntf k|bz{g u/L sd nfutdf ;fwg kl/rfng ub}{ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;:tf] Jofhb/df shf{ pknAw u/fpg ;Ifd x'g' kb{5 . o;sf] nflu s'g} Ps lgsfo / ;+:yfdfq ;Ifd eP/ x'"b}g ;a} ;+nUg ;+:yfx? plQs} ;Ifd, sfo{s'zn / IFdtf k|bz{g ug{ ;Ifd x'g'kb{5 .

g]kfnsf] ljQLo If]qsf] dxTjk"0f{ c+u a}+lsË If]q /x]sf] ePtf klg of] If]q ;Ifd, ;jn / sfo{s'zn gx'gfn] ;du| ljQLo If]qsf] sfo{s'zntfdf clea[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o:tf] x'g'df ljQLo If]qleq sdhf]/ kIfx?nfO{ pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5 . -s_ ;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] cefjM ljQLo If]qsf] s'zn Joj:yfkgsf] nflu ;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . o;sf] nflu g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] klg lglZrt lgodg hf/L u/]sf] 5 . a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf] o:tf] lgodg÷lgb]{zgsf] cIf/zM kfngf x'g' kg]{df cGoyf ;f]r /fVg] k|j[lQsf] ljsf; x'g' cfkm}+df Pp6f sdhf]/ kIf x'g uPsf] 5 . -v_ a}+lsË ;+:s[ltdf ;'wf/ gcfpgM a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Pp6f lglZrt tyf kf/bzL{ sfo{z}nL / k|lqmof ckgfP/ cfkmg\f] sfd sf/jfxL rnfpg' kg]{ x'gfn] To:tf] ;+:yfx?n] cfkm"n] cjnDag ug]{ sfo{z}nL, shf{ gLlt, lgIf]k ;+sng gLlt, dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; gLlt, n]vf gLlt tyf n]vf k/LIf0f Joj:yf, ljQLo cj:yfsf] lgoldt ;"rgf k|jfx, cfGtl/s lgoGq0fsf k|efjsf/L Joj:yfx? cflb th'{df u/L lgoldt ?kdf sfof{Gjog ug'{kb{5 . To:t} s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf lgb]{zgx? x'ax' kfngf eP, gePsf] af/] a}+s :jod\n] lgoldt cg'udg u/L kfngf ug]{ ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; x'g' kb{5 t/ xfn;Dd o:tf] ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; gx'gfn] a}+sx? :j:y / s'zntfk"j{s ;+rfng x'g g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . -u_ a}+lsË If]q;+u ;DalGwt ljQLo sfg'gsf] cefjM xfn a}+lsË IF]qn] ef]Ug' k/]sf] k|d'v ;d:ofdWo] o; If]qnfO{ nfu" x'g] ljleGg efudf ljeflht sfg'gL Joj:yf klg Ps xf] . jf:tjdf lgIf]k ;+sng / kl/rfng ug]{ ;+:yfx?nfO{ Pp6} sfg'gL ;+/rgfleq /fv]df logLx?nfO{ ;+rfng x'g ;/n kg]{ x'G5 . ;fy}, ljQLo If]qsf] s'zn ;+rfngsf] nflu cGo s]xL ;xof]uL ;+:yf :yfkgf ug{ yk sfg'gL Joj:yfx?sf] klg cfjZostf 5 . of] vf;u/L a}+lsË If]q;+u ;Da4 sf/f]af/x?nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ cfjZos kg]{ x'G5 . o; l;nl;nfdf shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| P]g, ljQLo ;fv d"Nof+sg ;+:yf P]g, ufleg] jf k|fKt ug]{ P]g h:tf P]gx?sf] cfjZostf ljQLo If]qdf b]vf k/]sf]n] To:tf] P]gx?sf] klg th'{df x'g' cfjZos 5 . -3_ a}+s lgodg, lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f Ifdtfdf kof{Kt ;'wf/ gx'g'M a}lsË If]qdf cfd"n ;'wf/ Nofpg s]Gb|Lo a}+ssf] lgodg Joj:yf, lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f Ifdtfdf klg kof{Kt ;'wf/ x'g' kb{5 . k/Dk/fut z}nLaf6 dfly p7]/ cfhsf] ljZjJofkLs/0f / cfw'lgs ;+oGqsf] h+hfn;+u ljsf; eO/x]sf a}+lsË If]q;+u tfnd]n ldnfpg] u/L s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] klg cfkm\gf] ;+:yfut ;'b[9tfdf clea[l4 ug'{kb{5 . o;sf] nflu g]kfn /fi6« a}+sleq} klg Jofks k'g;{+/rgf sfo{qmd ;dodf g} nfu" ug'{kg]{ cj:yf b]lvPsf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ eljiodf g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] lgodg, lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f Ifdtfdf clea[l4 eO{ ljQLo If]qsf] /]vb]v / ;+rfngdf ;xof]u k'Ug]5 . -ª_ ;/sf/L :jfldTjsf a}+sx?sf] sfo{z}nLM d'n'ssf] a}+lsË If]qdf cem} klg ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf b'O{ 7"nf a}+sx? -/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s / g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8_ sf] sf/f]af/n] ;du| a}+lsË If]qsf] sf/f]af/nfO{ k|efj kfg]{ u/]sf] 5 . logLx?sf] cy{tGqdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] eP tfklg oL a}+sx?df /fhg}lts x:tIf]k, sdhf]/ Joj:yfkg, sdhf]/ ljQLo ;"rgf k|0ffnL, a9\bf] v/fjshf{, ckof{Kt cfGtl/s gLlt tyf lgodx?sf] sf/0fn] oL a}+sx?sf] v'b ;DklQdf 7"nf] ¥xf; cfPsf] cWoogx?n] b]vfPsf] 5 . o:tf ;d:ofu|:t a}+sx?n] g} d'n'ssf] ;Dk"0f{ efudf ;]jf k'¥ofpg' k/]sf] cj:yfdf logLx?sf] ljBdfg ;+rfng cj:yfaf6} kof{Kt k|lt:kwf{Tds jftfj/0fsf] >[hgf x'g g;Sg] k|i6 5 . oL b'O{ a}+sx?df ;+rfng vr{ 7"nf] 5, ;fwg kl/rfng nfut a9L 5 . To;}n] oL b'O{ a}+sx?sf] sdhf]/ sfo{Ifdtf / cs'zntfsf] sf/0f b]zsf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos k' :"hL kl/rfng u/L ;f] sf] pko'Qm pkof]u ug{ g;Sbf ljQLo If]qaf6 ;du| cy{tGqdf d2t k'Ug ;s]sf] b]lvb}g .

-n]vsM a}+s Joj:yf ljefusf] sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs x'g'x'G5 ._

;ftfsf] :j/

cl3Nnf] lbg;Dd /fhgLlts zlQm dfg]/ jftf{df a:g] ef]lnkN6 pgLx?nfO{ csf]]{ ;+1f lbg] < To;sf/0f /fhgLlts zlQm dfg]/ jftf{ ul/;s]kl5 /fhgLlts zlQml;t, /fhgLlts zlQmn] g} k|ltsf/ ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . Tof] g;s]/ ;]gf / k|x/Lsf] z/0fdf hfg] < clxn] ;'/IffsdL{sf] h'g k|of]u eO/x]sf] 5, Tof] b'?kof]u xf] . d}n], /fhgLlts dfG5]n], /fhgLlts ;Qfn] cfkm\gf] ;Qf, h;sf] cfwf/ g} 5}g, To:tf] ;Qf c8\ofpgsf lglDt ;]gfsf] / k|x/Lsf] b'?kof]u eO/x]sf] 7fg]sf] 5' . lsgeg] lgjf{lrt eP/ cfPsf] ;/sf/ xf] eg] s] cfwf/df lgjf{lrt eP/ cfPsf] xf] < ;+ljwfgsf] cfwf/n] lgjf{lrt eP/ cfPsf] xf] eg] of] ;+ljwfg s;n] agfPsf] xf] < sxf“af6 cfPsf] xf] < ;+ljwfgaf6 lgjf{lrt eP/ cfPsf] xf] eg] To;sf] k|lt lhDd]jf/ sf] xf] < eGg] g} z+sf eO/x]sf] ;dodf of] gePsf] s'/fnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ ;Qfdf g} a:g vf]Hbf Tof] dfG5] klg 9N5 / c?nfO{ klg ldR5 . clxn] l:ylt ToxL eO/x]sf] 5 .

– /fh]Zj/ b]jsf]6f, /fhwfgL b}lgs, z'qmaf/ !# a}zfv @)%(

cft+ssf/L P]g hf/L ePkl5 ;+s6sfnsf] cjlw a9fpg cfjZos 5}g . cft+sjfbnfO{ tx nufpg ;+s6sfn clgjfo{ 5}g . g]kfnL gful/s k|hfaf6 hgtf ePsf 5g\ . pgLx? km]l/ k|hf aGg rfx"b}gg\ . cft+sjfbsf] k|ltsf/ k|hftGqn] dfq ug{ ;S5 cGo ljsNk 5}g .

r'gfjdf cfkm"nfO{ lhtfpg dfcf]jfbLnfO{ xltof/ lbO{ k7fpg] JolQm clxn] dGqL ePsf 5g\ . axfnjfnf dGqLn] g} klg dfcf]jfbLnfO{ rGbf lbPsf] a]nf dfcf]jfbL g]tfsf] 6fpsf]sf] d"No tf]Sg' pNn' k|j[lQ xf] .

– /jLGb|gfy zdf{, ;f]djf/, l/kf]6{; Snadf af]Nb}

of] ;ftf

laxLjf/

r e"6fgsf] rf/ lbj;Lo e|d0fkZrft\ Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwj g]kfn :jb]z lkmtf{ .

z'qmjf/

r g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;+:yfks g]tf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ yfONof08sf] a}+ssdf s/La Ps dlxgf;Dd :jf:Yof]krf/ u/fO{ :jb]z lkmtf{ .

zlgjf/

r ef/tåf/f b'O{ dfcf]jfbL g]kfn ;dIf ;'k'b{uL .

r ?; / a]nfotåf/f dfcf]jfbLåf/f cfof]lht aGbsf] lgGbf .

cfOtaf/

r dfcf]jfbLnfO{ bfª 36gfdf ;'/Iff lgsfosf] uf]Ko rfnsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbg] ;z:q k|x/L s'j]/ vqL ;]gfåf/f ;–k|df0f kqmfp .

;f]djf/

r >L % af6 lq=lj=;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIfdf k|f=r'8f/fh pk|]tL lgo'Qm .

r k|ltlglw;ef n]vf ;ldltåf/f :k]66fOd g]6js{;+usf] 3"; k|s/0fdf d'l5Psf sf=d'=;~rf/ ;lrj k|efs/ clwsf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ lgb]{zg .

r kqsf/ z'e]R5f ljGb' afn ljsf; kqsfl/tf k'/:sfåf/f ;Ddflgt .

d+unaf/

r >L % dxf/fhflw/fh tyf /fhkl/jf/sf ;b:ox?af6 cft+ssf/Lx?af6 kLl8tx?sf] ;xfotfy{ :yflkt k|wfgdGqL /fxt sf]ifsf nflu ?=!) nfv tyf dfcf]jfbL;+usf] o'4df jL/ult k|fKt ug]{ ;}lgsx?sf] kl/jf/sf] nflu zfxL g]kfnL ;}lgs clws[t >LdtL ;+3åf/f :yflkt /fxt sf]ifsf nflu ?=!) nfv k|bfg .

a'wjf/

r kfls:tfgdf ;DkGg ljjfb:kb hgdt ;+u|xdf /fi6«klt k/j]h d';/{km k'jf{g'dfg cg'?k g} lahoL .

r ;/sf/åf/f u|fdL0f cfjf; sDkgL lnld6]8sf] ;b:odf k|]d/fh t'DxjfxfDkm] lgo'Qm .