k|]d / hLjg
‘d;+u ljx] gu/] xfd kmfn]/ d5'{ elglbP“ !

cfkm\gL k|]ldsfsf nflu Hofg lbg tof/ x'g] 36gf rnlrqdf dfq b]Vg kfOG5 . o:t} 5, pxfFsf] gf6sLo k|]d syf h'g ;'lg/xFbf :tDesf/nfO{ rnlrq x]/]em}+ nfUof] . k|]ddf dfG5] s'g xb;Dd ;dlk{t / efj's x'G5 eGg] s'/f pxfFn] cfkm\g} hLjgdf cg'ej ug'{ ePsf] 5 .

æd'n'sdf olt w]/} ;d:ofx? 5g\, d]/f] k|]d / ljjfxsf] af/]df s] uGyg ug'{ <Æ gofF kf6L{ vf]Ngf;fy r'gfj g} gn8L dGqL aGg kfP/ b+u kl//xg' ePsf cfjf; ef}lts tyf lgdf{0f dGqL gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] oBlk cfkm\gf k'/fgf lbgx?nfO{ n'sfO/xg ;Sg' ePg .

j8f /l;nf lyP tL lbgx? . kb\dsGofsf] ;f8L b]v]/ tGg]/Lx? / Po/kf]6{sf] uf8L b]v]/ t?gLx? x'?Ss} x'g] hdfgfdf pxfF g]kfn Po/j]hsf] kfOn6 / k|jGw lgb]{zs x'g'x'GYof] . s'k08f]ndf PSn} a:g'x'GYof] pxfF . kfOn6sf] o'lgkmd{df l6lnSs 6Nsg] /ftf] sf/ rnfP/ 3/df cfpFbf jl/kl/ afb{nLaf6 gj of}jgfx?n] lrxfP/ x]y]{ pxfFnfO{ .

o:t}df Pslbg pxfFsf] sfof{nodf s'g} vj/ k'¥ofpg] sfdn] b'O{ hgf o'jtL cfP . ukm}ukmdf pxfFn] tL b'O{dWo] Pp6LnfO{ dg k/fpg' eof] . klxnf] e]6d} cfkm\gf] uf8Ldf /fv]/ pgLx?nfO{ 3/ 5f]8\g] / Ps csf{sf] 6]lnkmf]g gDa/ cfbfgk|bfg ug]{ sfd eof] . tL o'jtLx? Po/xf]:6]n aGg rfxGy] / gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] elglbg'eof]– d ltdLx?nfO{ o;sf nflu ;xof]u u5'{ .

pxfFn] dg k/fPsL o'jtLsf] gfd lyof]– ;ljgf /fO{ . ;ljgf;+u s]xL dlxgf;Dd kmf]gdf lbgx'F s'/fsfgL eP . pgsf] gd| af]nL, lgbf]{if cg'xf/ / ;/n JolQmTj b]v]/ d ‘3fon’ ePF dgsf] s'/f d'vdf cfP/ c8\lsGYof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

ædgsf] s'/fnfO{ afFwL g/fv

ufF7f] k/L hfnf em§ ;'gfOb]pÆ

o:t} u'gu'gfpFb} pxfFn] Pslbg dg bx|f] kf/]/ ;ljgfnfO{ ;fFemsf] vfgfsf nflu s'g} /]i6'/]06df hfg] k|:tfj /fVg'eof] . gofFjfg]Zj/l:yt xf]6n ;]/f6gsf] ;a}eGbf dflyNnf] tnfdf /x]sf] rfOlgh /]:6'/]06df k'u]/ s';L{df a:g gkfpFb} k'gn] k|]dsf] ‘Ohxf/’ ub}{ eGg'eP5– æ;ljgf d ltdLnfO{ dg k/fpF5', ‘cfO Pd Og ne jLy o"’, d ltdL;+u ljjfx ug{ rfxG5' .Æ

;ljgf s';L{df a:g} ;Sg' ePg . pleP/ 6f]nfPsf] 6f]nfO{ ug'{eof] . s]xL If0f ;Ggf6f 5fof] . gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] a8f] efj's eP/ ;ljgf;+u eGg'eof]— d;+u ljjfx ug]{ gug]{ ltd|f] OR5f xf] . t/ ltdLn] ‘x'Gg’ eGof} eg] d oxL ;ft tnfaf6 xfd kmfn]/ dl/lbG5' xf]====of] 7§f xf]Og=== d ;fFRr} dl/lbG5' . ltdL ljgf afFRg'sf] cy{ 5}g .

cSs g aSs kg'{ ePsL ;ljgf cfkm\gf] cufl8 olt ;dlk{t k|]dL b]v]/ emg\ efj's aGg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg' eP5– d klg tkfO{+nfO{ dg k/fpF5', t/ d]/f] k9fO k"/f x'~h]n tkfO{+n] s'g'{k5{ .

k|]dsf] klxnf] lt/ ;xL 7fpFdf nfu]/ k|;Gg x'g'ePsf k'gn] s'g} e"ldsf gjfFwL 7f8} eGg'eP5– ca dl/uP s'g{ ;lSbg, xfdL tTsfn ljjfx ug'{k5{ .

s:tf] efj's lh2L Û s;n] 6fg{ ;S5 of] ;dlk{t lh2LnfO{ Û cflv/ pxfFx?sf] ljjfx eP/} 5f8\of] . gf/fo0fl;+x k'g eGbf lgs} sd pd]/sL x'g''x'GYof] ;ljgf . dfOtdf o; af/]df klg s'/f gp7]sf] xf]Og . t/ ;ljgf eGg'x'GYof]– dfG5]sf] hLjgsf] s] e/f];f 5 / < d pxfF -k'g_eGbf klxn] klg dg{ ;S5' .

ljjfxkl5 kmfG; / nGbgdf xlgd'g dgfpg' eof] pxfFx?n] . ljjfx ePsf] & jif{ ljlt;s]5 . ^ jif{sf] Pp6f 5f]/f 5 . ;ljgfnfO{ >Ldfg\n] /fhgLlt u/]sf] eg] k6Ss} dg k/]sf] 5}g .Æ a'9Lsf] OR5f g} d}n] /fhgLlt 5f]8\g'k5{ eGg] 5, p l;g]df x]g{ hfpF eG5], d /fhgLltdf Jo:t . clg s/fpg yfN5] .Æ k'gn] eGg'eof] .

ljjfx cl3 cGo s'g} s]6L;+u ;DaGw ePg < k'gn] eGg'eof]– d ax't /l;s dfG5], s]6Lx? t em'lDdg] g} eP . d}n] pgLx?nfO{ ‘k/ efu’ eGg t ePg lg Û

c? s;};+u klg ljjfx ePsf] 5 ls < k'gn] j8f] cflQP/ eGg'eof]– æo; af/]df d s]xL eGg rfxGg . /fi6«df s:tf] s:tf] ;d:of 5, tkfO{+=== ÛÆ

;]S;sf] af/]df pxfFsf] cfkm\g} 9+usf] JofVof 5 . pxfFn] eGg'eof]– ædfgj hfltsf] lg/Gt/tfsf nflu ;]S; cfjZos 5 . b'O{ dfgjaLr ljZjf;, ;DaGw / ldqtfsf] r/d ljGb' xf]– ;]S; . of] Ps cfk;df ldng x'g] k|s[of xf] . zf/Ll/s :jf:y ePdf &) jif{;Dd klg ;]S;sf] cfgGb lng ;lsG5 .

;}lgs ;]jfdf nfu]sf] dfG5] dGqL kb;Dd k'u]sf] pbfx/0f gf/fo0fl;+x k'g g} x'g'x'G5 . ;]gfsf] pRr kb s0f]{n;Dd k'Ug' ePsf] k'gsf] hLjg syf klg nueu rnlrq h:t} gf6sLo 5 .

pxfF hGdbf @))& ;fnsf] /f0ff lj/f]wL qmflGt ;kmn eP/ ev{/ d'n'sdf k|hftGqsf] 3fd nfu]sf] lyof] . DofUbLsf] Pp6f ufpFdf l9+8f] vfFb}, h+undf 3fF; bfp/f ub}{ / clncln k9\b} pxfFsf jfNosfnsf lbgx? ljt] . a'af a'4jL/ / cfdf dL/fb]jLaf6 3/d} k|fylds lzIff xfl;n u/]kl5 slnn} pd]/df pxfF kf]v/f emg'{eof] . a'af ;}lgs ;]jfdf x'g'x'GYof], To;}n] ufpF l5d]sdf eGg'x'GYof]– of] gf/fo0f a8f] t]h 5, o;nfO{ d ;]gfdf ‘3f]K6] 6f]kL’ nfpg] agfP/} 5f8\5', To;a]nf 3f]K6] 6f]kL nfpg] eGg'sf] dtnj ;]gfsf] clws[t aGg] a'lemGYof] . kf]v/fsf] cd/l;+x dfWolds ljBfnoaf6 cf7 sIff kf; u/]kl5 pxfFn] b]x/fb'gsf] uf]/vf ldln6/L OG6/ sn]haf6 cfO{=P:;L= k"/f ug'{eof] . sf7df8f}+ kms]{/ lqrGb| sn]hdf aL=P:;L= k9\bfk9\b} pxfF ;}lgs ;]jfdf nfUg' eof] . zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] clws[t kbdf pxfF 5flgg' eof] . :jb]zsf] tLg dlxg] ;}Go tflnddf k|yd ePsf]n] pxfFnfO{ yk tflndsf nflu a]nfot k7fOof] . tLg jif{sf] tflnd k"/f u/]/ :jb]z kms{bf pxfF ‘3f]K6] 6f]kL’ nfpg] kbdf k'lu;Sg' ePsf] lyof] .

;fg}b]lv pxfFsf] :jefj lh1f;' lyof] . x/]s gofF s'/f ug{ dg nfUYof] pxfFnfO{ . ufpFdf 3fF;, bfp/f ubf{ dfly cfsf;zdf pl8/x]sf] ‘lrnuf8L’ b]v]/ pxfF 5Ss kg'{x'GYof] . kf]v/f k9\g a:bf Pslbg pxfF xjfOhxfh x]g{ kf]v/f Po/kf]6{ k'Ug'eof] . Tof] If0fsf] :d/0f ub}{ k'gn] eGg'eof]— æTo;lbg ‘km\nfO6 l9nf]’ /x]5 . d Po/kf]6{df lbgel/ s'/]/ a;]+ . ;fFemkv hxfh cjtl/t eof] . d}n] crDd dfg]/ lgs} j]/ hxfhnfO{ x]/]+ . o:tf] hxfh rnfpg] kfOn6 aGg kfP s:tf] x'Fbf] xf] em}+ nfUof] .Æ

To;}tfsf hxfh x]g{ pxfFsf] /Gsf] b]v]/ Pshgfn] pxfFnfO{ j]js'km klg agfPsf] lyof] . Po/kf]6{df hxfh x]g{ s'l//x]sf] a]nf pxfFnfO{ cfkm\g} ;fyLn] elglbP5– hxfh x]g{] xf] < p Tof] lah'nLsf] tf/nfO{ 5f]P/ dfq hxfh e'Odf em5{ .

æp;sf] s'/f kTofP/ d sl/a tLg 306f ljh'nLsf] vDAff d'gL plePFsf] lyPF clxn] ;+embf xfF;f] p7\5ÆpxfFn] eGg'eof] .

;}lgs clws[t ePkl5 zDz]/ bn u0fdf lgo'lQm kfP/ pxfF lj/f6gu/l:yt ‘s]ldsn Jof/]s’df k'Ug'eof] . To:t} b'O{xKtfkl5 To; Jof/]sdf Pp6f x]lnsK6/ cfof] . gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] Tof] x]lnsK6/nfO{ lgs} j]/ 3f]lTnP/ x]g'{eof] . Tof] b]v]/ pxfFsf ldq gjLgg/l;+x /f0ffn] eGg'eof]– wGbf gdfg gf/fo0f Pslbg ltdL x]lnsf]K6/ rfns jG5f}+ . gjLgg/l;+x /f0ffsf] s]xL jif{ klxn] df]6/;fOsn b'3{6gfdf b'Mvb lgwg eO;s]sf] 5 . t/ pxfFsf] arg v]/ uPg . cGt/ u0f km'6an 6'gf{d]G6df zDz]/ bnsf] SofK6]g eP/ sf7df8f}+df km'6jn v]ln/x]s} a]nf gf/fo0fl;+x k'gnfO{ Pshgf bfOn] ;'–;dfrf/ ;'gfP– kfOn6 tflndsf nflu cfj]bg v'Nb}5, ltdL lj/f6gu/ ghfg' .

kf]v/f Po/kf]6{df slnn} pd]/df b]v]sf] kfOn6 aGg] ;kgf k"/f ug]{ df}sf lyof] Tof] . clg efUon] klg ;fy lbof] pxfFnfO{ . kfOn6 tflndsf nflu pxfF 5gf}6 x'g'eof] / ef/tLo afo' ;]jfdf b'O{ jif{ tflnd lng'eof] . g]kfn kms]{kl5 xjfO{hxfh of x]lnsK6/ s'g rnfpg] < eGg] s'/fsf] 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ eof] .Æ x]lnsf]K6/ hxfF klg ‘Nof08’ ug{ ;lsG5, x]lnsf]K6/ rnfpg l;s]+ eg] d}n] g]kfnsf ;a} lhNnf / ufpFx? b]Vg ;S5' eGg] nfUof] . To;kl5 d}n] k|mfG;af6 x]lnsf]K6/ rnfpg] tflnd lnPFÆ pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

To;kl5 t pxfF cfsfzdf lrn p8] em}+ slt p8\g'eof] slt . pxfFsf] bIftf / kl/kSjtfsf] ;Ddfg ub}{ pxfFnfO{ ;]gfdf x]lnsf]K6/ k|lzIfs / ‘x]lnsf]K6/ jL+U;’sf] k|d'v agfOof] . ljsf; of]hgf xf];\ of b}jL k|sf]k /fxt sfo{qmd gf/fo0fl;+x k'g x]lnsf]K6/ lnP/ b]zsf s'gf s'gfdf k'Ug'eof] .Æ d b]zsf krxQ/} lhNnfsf ufpFdf k'u]sf] 5', b]zsf] e"uf]n / k|fs[lts ljljwtfsf af/]df dnfO{ /fd|f] 1fg 5 pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

:j=/fhf jL/]Gb|af6 kfFr ljsf; If]qsf] e|d0f x'Fbf xf];\ of cGtl/d k|wfgdGqL s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{nfO{ To;a]nf 7fpF 7fpFdf k'¥ofpFbf xf];\, k'gsf] x]lnsf]K6/ p8fgsf] s'zntfsf] ;a}n] k|z+;f u5{g\ . oltdfq xf]Og @)$* ;fnsf] cfd lgjf{rgdf ;]gfsf tkm{af6 b'O{ ;o kfFr} If]qdf ckgfOPsf] ;'/Iff of]hgfsf] pxfF k|d'v x'g''x'GYof] .

ælul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf k|wfgdGqL ePkl5 pxfFnfO{ d}n] g} w]/} lhNnfdf 3'dfPF . v'nf xjfO{ gLltsf] th'{df ePkl5 d}n] ;}lgs ;]jfaf6 lgj[lQe/0fdf cjsfz lnPF / xjfO{ ;+:yfsf] ljsf;df nfu]+ . To;}a]nf d sf+u|]; kf6L{df cfj4 eP/ /fhgLltdf klg xf]ldPF .Æ ;dtf kf6L{sf cWoIf k'gn] eGg'eof] . t/ km"n s0f]{n kb gkfP/ pxfFn] ;]jf TofUg' ePsf] rrf{ klg rn]sf] lyof] . ;]gfsf] hflu/ 5f8]kl5 pxfFn] ‘s0ff{nL Po/’ gfds ;+:yf vf]Ng' eof] . @)%^ ;fnsf] cfdlgjf{rgdf DofUbLaf6 pxfF k|ltlglw;ef ;b:odf lgjf{lrt x'g'eof] . tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{sf] dlGqd08ndf pxfF gf} dlxgf ;xfos dGqL aGg'eof] .

/fhgLltsf] g;f nflu;s]sf] lyof], g]kfnL sf+u|]; ljeflht ePkl5 æhgtfsf] enf] ug]{ /fhgLlt ug{Æ pxfFn] ;dtf kf6L{sf] :yfkgf ug'{eof] . kf6L{ vf]n]kl5 kf] pxfFnfO{ yfxf ef]– kf6L{ rnfpg t lgs} k};f rflxg] /x]5 . pxfFn] eGg'eof]– d 3"; gvfg] dfG5], kf6L{ rnfpg k}:ff t sdfpg} k¥of] eg]/ d}n] cGt/f{li6«o afo' ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ of]hgf agfPF . Pp6f 7"nf] ljb]zL xjfO{ ;+:yfn] d]/f] k|:tfjnfO{ dg k/fof] . cfufdL ^ dlxgfleq cGt/f{li6«o jfo' ;]jf ;'? ug]{ tof/L ub}{ lyPF==== oL km]l/ dGqL eOof] .Æ

ut cfOtjf/ /flt k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbn] pxfFnfO{ kmf]g u/]/ dGqL kb vfg k|:tfj u/]kl5 pxfFn] eGg'eP5– dGqL kb d]/f] nflu 7"nf] xf]Og, t/ b]zsf] nflu d]/f] cfjZostf 5 eg] d]/f] cfklQ 5}g .

clxn] pxfFsf a'af cfdf of] ;+;f/df x'g'x'Gg . 5f]/fn] 3f]K6] 6f]kL nufPsf] x]g{] ;kgf b]v]sf tL af–cfdf afFr]sf eP slt v'zL x'Fbf x'g\ cg'dfg dfq ug{ ;lsG5 . ca t DofUbLaf6 r'gfj n8\g kfOPg lg < eGg] k|Zg ubf{ k'gn] eGg'eof]– r'gfj t d cjZo n8\5' . d DofUbLsf hgtfsf nflu ca o:tf] sfd u5'{ ls d r'gfj n8\lbg eGbf klg hgtfn] af]s]/ p7fpg] 5g\ ‘tkfO{ ge} x'Gg’ eGg]5g\=== .Æ

pxfFnfO+{ /fhgLlts klg kmfKof], Jofkf/ klg . of] ;kmntf;Dd k'Ubf klg pxfFn] cfkm\gL cfdfn] ;fg}df eg]sf k|]/0ff jfSox? lj;{g' ePsf] 5}g . pxfFsL cfdf ;gftg wd{sL s§/ cg'ofoL x'g'x'GYof] . k'g ;fg} 5Fbf @)!* ;fndf ;+;f/df dxfk|no x'G5 eg]/ wfld{s kl08tx?n] eljiojf0fL u/]sf lyP . pxfFnfO{ cem} ;+emgf 5, Tof] dxfk|no 6fg{ eg]/ cfdfn] tLg /ft tLg lbg xl/lst{g nufpg' ePsf] lyof] . Pp6f a|fDx0fsf] 5f]/f h:tf] u/L pxfFnfO{ cfdfn] x'sf{pg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof]– cfdfn] k};f gx'g' klg v/fj xf], w]/} x'g' klg v/fj xf] eGg'x'GYof] . a9L k};f sdfO;\ eg] ;dfh;]jfdf nufpg' eGg] cfdfsf] cfb]z lz/f]k/ ub}{ d ;dfh;]jf klg ul//x]sf] 5' .

pxfFn] s/f]8f}+ sdfpg' ePsf] 5, t/ pxfF eGg'x'G5– æd;+u c/a r} 5}g . t/ cGt/f{li6«o afo';]jf ;'? u/]+ eg] jif{df c;L, gAa] s/f]8 gfkmf ug{ ;S5' . dnfO{ yfxf 5 g]kfndf Odfgbf/ 9+un] klg c/jf}+ sdfpg ;lsG5 .Æ

s]6fs]6Ldf pxfF rsrs] / abdf; geP klg cfkm\gf] lh1f;' :jefjsf sf/0f pxfFn] :s"ndf lk6fO{ klg vfg' ePsf] 5 . ;]gfaf6 xjfO{ p8fg Joj;foL / To;kl5 /fhgLltdf nfUg'df pxfFsf] x/]s s'/fsf] cg'ej ug]{ ;f]vn] sfd u/]sf] 5 . of] ;f]v pxfFdf afNosfnb]lv g} lyof] . kf]v/fdf k]G;g SofDkdf k9\g a:bf SofDk aflx/sf k;nx?df cjsfz k|fKt ;]gfx?n] ‘bx/df/f’ v]n]sf] b]Vbf pxfFsf] dgdf klg bx/df/f v]n' v]n' nfUYof] . Psk6s :s"n guP/ pxfF lbge/ ;]gfx?n] ‘bx/df/f’ v]n]sf] x]/]/ a:g'eof] . ef]lnkN6 df:6/sf] xftsf] s'6fO vfg'k¥of] .

ædgn] cf6]kl5 ug}{k5{ dnfO{, s'g} s'/f dg k¥of] eg] xfl;n u/]/} 5f]8\g] afgL 5, d]/L ;ljgf klg d}n] kfPsf] xf]Og, xfl;n u/]sf] xf] .Æ pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

klxnf] k6s dGqL ePsf a]nf pxfFnfO{ :j=/fhf jL/]Gb|;+u bz{g e]6 ug{ dg nfu]5 . t/ kf6L{ / ;/sf/nfO{ ;f]Wg} k¥of] . k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{ / kf6L{ ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf;+u cg'dlt lnP/} d}n] /fhf;+u bz{g e]6 u/]+ . g]tfåon] eGg'ePsf] lyof]– æ/fhfnfO{ e]6\g' v/fj s'/f xf]OgÆ pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

jt{dfg dxf/fhflw/fh;+u pxfFn] tLgk6s bz{g e]6 ug'{ePsf] 5 . æjt{dfg dxf/fhflw/fh :j=/fhf jL/]Gb|eGbf cg'ejL xf]OaS;G5, clw/fhs'df/ 5Fbf df};"kmn] w]/} If]qsf] cg'ej xfl;n ul/aS;]sf] 5, hgtfsf] hLjg;+u df};"km kl/lrt xf]OaS;G5 .Æ k'gn] eGg'eof] . g]kfnL sf+u|]; kl/Tofu u/]/ 5'§} kf6L{ vf]n] klg ;efklt sf]O/fnfnfO{ pxfF ;Ddfg ug'{x'G5 . pxfFn] eGg'eof]– lul/hfafa' ;/n k|ltj4 / lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf ePsf] g]tf x'g'x'G5 . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf tNnf txsf sfo{stf{;Dd pxfF nf]slk|o x'g'x'G5 .

ljxfg rf/ ah] p7]/ cWoogdf Jo:t x'g'x'G5 pxfF . g]kfnL sf+u|];df nfu]kl5 pxfFn] ;fDojfbsf] ulx/f] cWoog ug'{ePsf] 5 . æd sf+u|];df nfu]kl5 k|hftGqjfbLx?sf] lj/f]wL bz{gsf ?kdf ;fDojfbnfO{ kfPF .Æ n8fO{df zq'nfO{ lrGg g;s] xf/ x'g] %) k|ltzt ;+efjgf x'G5Æ eGg] o'4 gLlt 5 . To;}n] zq'nfO{ lrGg d}n] ;fDojfb k9]+ . of] jfb l;4fGtdf /fd|f] eP klg Jojxf/df sfof{Gjog gx'g] lgisif{df d k'u]sf] 5' . pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

/S;L vfg 5f]8]sf] ;ft jif{ eof] . t/ kf6L{df ‘jfOg’ slxn]sflx+ lng'x'G5 . vfgf h] kfP klg x'G5 . t/ nufpg < pxfFn] eGg'eof]– æd nufpg r}+ /fd|f / dx+uf n'uf nufpF5' . dxu}+ uf8L r9\5' , d;+u *) nfvsf] 5 .Æ

rlr{t k|;+u

s]bf/ ;'j]bL

;/sf/sf rfnL; lbg] lrqx?

;xdltdf s] ul/of]

æof] ;/sf/n] /fli6«o ;xdltsf] cg's"n kl/l:yltsf] ;[hgf u/L b]zdf zflGt ;'Joj:yf :yfkgf ug]{5 .Æ

>L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/af6 nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbsf] ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ubf{ c;f]h @% ut] Tof] ;/sf/nfO{ lbPsf] bfloTj xf] of] . ;/sf/ u7g ePsf] oL k+lQm n]lvPsf] lbg;Dd $) lbg lat] . t/ of] a]nf;Dd k|wfgdGqL jf egf} ;/sf/n] Pp6f klg ;j{bnLo a}7ssf] Joj:yf u/]g dfq xf]Og To;sf nflu kxn;Dd u/]sf] kfOPg . $) lbg w]/} ;do xf]Og xf]nf . t/ ;j{bnLo a}7s klg 7"nf] s'/f xf]Og . k|wfgdGqLn] lgDtf ul/lbP k'U5 . ;/sf/ /fli6«o ;xdlt rfxb}g lyof] xf]nf . olb To;} xf] eg] klg Tof] a}7sdf ;xdlt x'g g;Sg] ljifonfO{ k|:t't u/]/ eP klg sDtLdf >L % af6 k|fKt ePsf] bfloTj t ;/sf/n] k"/f ub}{5 jf egf} To;tkm{ kxn ub}{5 eGg] Pp6f ;Gb]z hfg] lyof] . t/ $) lbgsf] s'g} Ps 306f To:tf] ;xdltsf nflu k|wfgdGqLn] ;do lemSg ;Sg' ePg .

;/sf/nfO{ To;sf] sfdsf] n]vfhf]vf ug{ ;o lbg klv{g] rng 5 . t/ of] ;/sf/ Tof] ;fdfGo l:yltdf plAhPsf] xf]Og . Pp6f 7"nf] ;+j}wflgs 3ft, cf3ftaf6 lgld{t ;/sf/sf] d"Nof+sg ug{ ;o lbg klv{g kb}{g . To;sf] kfPsf] bfloTjn] klg ;f]xL s'/f b]vfpF5 . of] ;/sf/ >L % k|lt hjfkmb]xL 5 eGg] ;j}nfO{ hfgsf/L ePsf] s'/f xf] . t/ ljt]sf $) lbgdf >L % af6 tf]lsPsf] sfdsf] klg yfngL eof] t eGg] k|Zgn] pQ/ kfPsf] 5}g . of] $) lbg eg] dWolt/sf] Pslbgdf dfq &) hgf ;'/IffsdL{sf] xTof eof] . ;/sf/n] Pp6f k"/} lhNnf u'dfpg' k¥of] eg] ;/sf/sf k|ltlglw k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;d]tn] Hofg u'dfP . uGb} hfFbf $) lbgdf ;/b/df lbgsf] !) hgfsf] b/n] dfG5]x? dl//x]sf k|To]s lbgsf tL ;+Vof hf]8\bf oL lbgdf dfl/g]x?sf] ;+Vof slt k'u]5 eGg] cfkm}+ lx;fj ug{ ;lsG5 . To:tf] kl/l:yltsf] ;/sf/n] >L % af6 g} tf]lsPsf] jf lbOPsf] k|d'v bfloTj ‘/fli6«o ;xdltsf] vf]hL ug]{ sfd slxn]b]lv yfNnf eGg] of] a]nf;Dd ;+s]t klg kfOPsf] 5}g . ;/sf/sf] Pp6f lrq xf] of] .

ax'bnLo Joj:yfdf lgb{nLo ;/sf/

æ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq tyf ax'bnLo k|hftGqk|ltsf] k|ltj4tf Pj+ lgi7fdf xfdL cfFr cfpg lbg] 5}gf}+ .Æ

>L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 !* c;f]hdf zfxL 3f]if0ff ul/aS;bf o:tf] x's'd ePsf] lyof] . ax'bnLo k|hftGq eg]sf] bnx?sf] afx'No xf] eGg] df};"km ;/sf/af6 3f]if0ff ePsf] of] k+lQmsf] ‘ax'bnLo’ eGg] zAbn] g} b]vfpF5 . >L % af6 x's'd eP adf]lhd ax'bnLo k4ltk|lt of] ;/sf/n] Tof] x's'd adf]lhd sfd u/]5 ls To;sf] ljns'n} ljk/Lt eGg] ;/sf/nfO{ k"0f{sf/ lbPsf] cfsf/ x]l/of] eg] kof{Kt xf]nf .

of] dlGqkl/ifb\\df /fhgLlts k[i7e"ldaf6 cfPsf JolQmx? slt /x]5g\ eGg] s]nfObf ;+Vof cfkm}+ b]lvg] 5 hf] cToGt Go"g 5 . ljleGg JolQm ljleGg ljifodf k|fljlws ?kn] bIf xf]nfg\ t/ olt 7"nf] /fhgLlts ;/uld{tf / Tolts} 7"nf] /fhgLlts kxn ug'{ kg]{ a]nfsf] ;/sf/df /fhgLlts JolQm gx'g' bnLo k4ltk|ltsf] OdfGbf/L xf] ls pkxf; eGg] cfkm}+ 5'l§G5 . k|wfgdGqL :jo+nfO{ pxfFsf] kf6L{n] cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] JolQm dfg]sf] 5}g . dlGqkl/ifb\ lj:tf/ ePkl5 pxfFsf] kf6L{ /fk|kfn] c;xdlt hgfP/ lgsfn]sf] jQmJon] g} ;f] s'/f b]vfpF5 . pkk|wfgdGqLk|lt pxfFsf] kf6L{ ;b\efjgfn] ;/sf/ eGg klg g;'xfpg] egL k|ltlqmof lbO;s]sf] 5 . ab|Lgf/fo0f a:g]t pxfFsf] kf6L{ g]kfnL sf+u|];af6 ;fwf/0f ;b:o ;d]taf6 lgisf;gdf kg'{ ePsf JolQm xf] . b]jLk|;fb cf]emfnfO{ klg To;/L g} kf6L{n] lg:sf;g u/]sf] lyof] . pxfF of] a]nf :jtGq JolQmsf ?kdf x'g'x'GYof] . sdn rf}nfufO{+ t ;/sf/d} hfgsf nflu pxfFsf] kf6L{ g]skf Pdfn] 5f]8\g] JolQmdf kg'{x'G5 . s'j]/ zdf{ / gf/fo0f l;+x k'g /fli6«o dfGotf;Dd k|fKt ug{ g;s]sf cToGt ;fgf kf6L{sf ;efklt x'g'x'G5 h;sf] hgfwf/ hfFRg] cfwf/ g} b]lvb}g . dx]znfn k|wfg kf6L{sf JolQm xf]Ogg\ . ;fgf] eP klg lgjf{rgaf6 5flgPsf JolQm pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf jxfnjfnf cWoIfnfO{ ;xfos dGqLdf /flvPsf] 5 . csf{ ;xfosdGqL hutaxfb'/ u'?ª lat]sf tLgj6f ;+;bLo r'gfjdf tLg} k6s k/fhLt ePsf JolQm x'g\ . u[xdGqL, cy{dGqL hn;|f]t dGqL, k//fi6«dGqL / :jf:Yo dGqLx?sf] s'g} /fhgLlts k[i7e"ld 5}g . pxfFx? cfkm\gf] If]qut ljifodf bIf x'g'x'G5 xf]nf t/ pxfFx?sf] e"ldsf /fhgLltseGbf :jtGq / Pp6f lglZrt If]q;+u ;DalGwt /xg] s'/f pNn]v ul//xg' kb}{g . o;}sf/0f klg clxn] dGqL lkR5]sf s'/fx? leGg–leGg ?kdf cfO/x]sf x'g ;Sb5g\ . dfcf]jfbLs} ;Gbe{df dGqLx?n] ljt]sf rfnL; lbg / gj–lj:tf/ ePsf rf/ lbgdf cfPsf leGg–leGg s'/fn] klg w]/} s'/f hgfpF5 .

;/sf/sf sfd

>L % af6 of] ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ubf{ lbOPsf Dof08]6sf] bf];|f] a'Fbfdf ‘:yfgLo lgsfo / k|ltlglw;efsf] lgjf{rg oyfzSo rfF8f] u/fpg]’ eGg] pNn]v 5 . t/ r'gfjsf ;Gbe{df ;/sf/ hlt lbg a9\b} 5 To;k|lt df}g /xg yfn]sf] 5 . r'gfj afx]s !$ c~rndf k|zf;g bf}8fxf rnfpg], cfOtaf/] ljbf s6f}tL ug]{, /fhb"t lkmtf{ af]nfpg], k'/fgf] ah]6nfO{ gofF /fxt egL sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug]{, ;lrj / k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lx?sf] 7"nf] ;+Vof ;?jf / a9'jf ug]{ sfo{ ;Dkfbg lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg u/L >L % sf] ;/sf/df /x]sf] clwsf/ >L % df ;fg]{, lghfdtL P]gdf cWofb]zdfkm{t\ ;+zf]wg ;'? ug]{, uf]i7L ;]ldgf/ jflif{sLx?sf] pb\3f6g ul//xg] cflb sfd rflx+ rln/x]sf 5g\ . t/ ;fd"lxs anfTsf/sf sf/0f / km]l/ jnfTsf/ x'G5 egL ufpF / lhNnf 5f]8\g jfWo agfOPsf] kl/jf/sf] kL8fk|lt rflx+ of] ;/sf/sf] Wofg uPg . ;nf{xLsf] Pp6f ufpFdf cl3Nnf] xKtf !$ jifL{of Ps lszf]/L anfTs[t ePsL lyOg\ . tL anfTsf/Lx? k6s–k6s Tof] 3/df cfpg yfn]kl5 of] /fHon] cfkm"nfO{ ;'/Iff lbg] ljZjf; p7]/ Tof] kl/jf/ ufpF 5f8\g jfWo ePsf] xf] . x]bf{ of] ;fgf] 36gf xf]nf t/ /fHo ;+oGqsf] kx'Fr To;df klg >L % sf] k|ToIf zf;g rn]sf] egL atfO/lxPsf] a]nf of] 36gf s'g k|sf/sf] xf] eGg] cfkm}+ dfGg ;lsG5 . klZrdsf] ndxL sf]xnk'/ af6f] o;} xKtf lbpF;f] !) ah]b]lv a]n'sf rf/ ah];Dd dfcf]jfbLn] ?v sf6]/ af6f] cj/f]w k'¥ofPsf ;dfrf/ cfof] . /flt To:tf] x'GYof] . t/ ca lbpF;} / v'nf?kn] dfcf]jfbLn] To:tf] sfd ubf{ klg k|zf;gsf] s'g} kxn b]lvPg . of] kL8fsf] kl5Nnf] pbfx/0f k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] cefj klg xf] . dGqL g} To;sf sf/s /x] . cl3Nnf] xKtf pkk|wfgdGqLn] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] l5§} d"No a9\b} 5 egL ;fj{hlgs ?kdf hfgsf/L u/fPkl5 ;'? ePsf] of] kbfy{sf] xfxfsf/k|lt ;/sf/ ljt]sf] xKtfel/ klg Joj:yfkg ug{ c;dy{ /x\of] . otf ;/sf/L ;~rf/ dfWoddf k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ ;j{;'ne /x]sf] egL hgfO/xg] / csf{lt/ dGqL cfkm}+n] b'O{ 306f;Dd k]6«f]n kDkdf a:g' k/]sf cg'ej ;fj{hlgs txd} ;'gfpg] / To;nfO{ klg ToxL dfWodaf6 k|rf/ ul//xg] sfdx? ;/sf/L sfdsf gd"gfdWo] Pp6f x'g ;Qm5 . ;j{;fwf/0f o;/L kLl8t x'Fb}5g\ eg] b]zsf] d"n ;d:of cyf{t\ To:tf] sfd h;n] ;a}nfO{ ;sf/fTds k|efj kf/f];\ eP u/]sf] b]lvPg . Dof08]6 klg kfngf gug]{ / b}lgs k|zf;gdf s]xL kl/jt{gsf] cg'e"lt klg glbg] sfd ;/sf/sf $) lbgsf pknlAwsf ?kdf b]vf kb}{5g\ . Psflt/ ldtJolotf eGg] / csf{lt/ dlGq:t/sf bh{geGbf a9L kb ;[hgf ug]{ ;/sf/sf] sfdsf] csf]{ z}nL ePsf] 5 . oL ;a} sfd lbg}lkR5] x'Fb}5g\ . t/ r'gfj slxn] x'G5 eGg] af/] s'g} /fhgLlts / bn / JolQm;+u ;/sf/n] k/fdz{;Dd yfn]sf] 5}g .

dGqL s;/L gd"gf aGb}5g\

‘d pkk|wfgdGqL t/ dfGotf rflx+ pkdGqL ;/xsf] 5’ pkk|wfgdGqL ab|Lk|;fb d08nn] ut ;f]daf/ ;fj{hlgs ;df/f]xdf atfpg' ePsf] xf] . Tof] lbg g]kfn Pzf]l;Pzg ckm 6«feN;sf] ;}tL;f}+ jflif{s pT;jsf] k|wfgdGqLaf6 pb\3f6g ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]5 . k|wfgdGqLn] Tof] sfo{qmd pb\3f6g ug{ b'O{306f yk ;do dfUg' eof] . To;f] ubf{ klg pb\3f6g ug{ ;do lgl:sPg5 / cy{dGqL 8f=ab|Lk|;fb >]i7nfO{ pb\3f6g ug{ cx|fpg' eof] . otf >]i7n] klg Tof] sfo{qmddf hfg] ;do lgsfNg ;Sg' ePg5 / pxfFn] pkk|wfdGqLnfO{ ToxfF hfg lnlvt kq lb+b} ‘cfkm"n] n]v]sf] efif0f kl9lbg’ eGb} cfkm\gf] lnlvt efif0f klg lbg' eP5 . olt;Dd s'/f 7Ls} lyof] . o:tf] hfgsf/L aflx/ cfPsf] lyPg . Tof] sfo{qmddf k'u]/ pkk|wfgdGqL d08nn] of] ;a} s'/f ;'gfpFb} ‘cy{dGqLsf] lnlvt efif0f k9\b}5', tndfly ePdf dnfO{ bf]if glbgf];\, d pkk|wfgdGqL eP klg dnfO{ dGqLn] v6fPsf x'Fbf pkdGqLsf] x}l;otdf em/]sf] 5'’ egL efif0f ug'{eof] . pxfFnfO{ Tof] sfo{qmddf cGon] ;Daf]wg ubf{ klg pkdGqL g} eg] / jb|Lk|;fb >]i7 egL gfdfs/0f klg u/] . cfof]hsdWo]af6 af]Ng] Pshgfn] t of] dlGqkl/ifb\sf af/] cfkm"nfO{ s]xL hfgsf/L gePsf] eGg];Ddsf cleJolQm lbPsf lyP . Tof] lbg pkk|wfgdGqL ab|Lk|;fb d08nnfO{ ‘8]k'6L ldlgi6/’ egL ;Daf]wg u/]sf lyP . 8]k'6L ldlgi6/ eGgfn] pkdGqL eGg] hgfpF5 . pkk|wfgdGqLnfO{ 8]k'6L k|fOdldlgi6/ elgG5 . pkk|wfgdGqL d08nn] Tof] lbg :jfut klg 8]k'6L ldlgi6/ eGg] ;Daf]wgaf6} vfg' ePsf] lyof] . dGqLn] pkk|wfgdGqLnfO{ v6fpg], cx|fpg], Pp6f jflif{s sfo{qmddf pb\3f6g ug{] nf]edf k|wfgdGqLn] b'O{–b'O{ 306f sfo{qmd k/ ;fg{ nufpg], Pp6f dGqLsf] lnlvt efif0f of] csf]{ dGqLsf] lnlvt efif0f xf] egL hgfp lb+b} csf{ dGqLn] kl9lbg] ;DejtM jt{dfg dlGqkl/ifb\sf gd"gfsf sfd g} x'g\ . s'g} dGqLn] ;DalGwt sfo{qmd pb\3f6g ug{ gEofpFbf ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 cGo dGqLx? klg hfG5g\ . of] :jfefljs k|lqmof cGt/uts} s'/f xf] . t/ Pp6f dGqLn] csf]{ dGqLsf] lnlvt efif0f o;/L hgfp lbP/ g} k9\g] sfd ePsf] rflx+ ;+ejtM o;cl3 slxNo} ;'lgPsf] lyPg .

pb\3f6g ub}{ lj/f]w ub}{

‘dGqLx?n] pb\3f6g / uf]i7Ldf hfg 5f8\g'k5{ .’ of] egfO{ xf] dlxnf afnaflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f ;xfos dGqL cg'/fwf sf]O/fnfsf] . pxfFn] eGg'eof]— ‘clxn]sf dGqLx? pb\3f6g / uf]i7Ldf Jo:t x'g] a]nf 5}g .’ pxfFn] of] ljrf/ k|s6 u/]sf] 7fpF lyof] kf]v/fsf] Pp6f Snjsf] rf}yf] jflif{sf]T;jsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmd . pxfF kf]v/fsf] ;xf/f Snj a;kfs{sf] Tof] rf}yf] jflif{s pT;jsf] pb\3f6g ug{ ToxfF hfg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFn] yk eGg'eof]— ‘of] Snj ;f/} /fd|f] /x]5 / o;sf] pb\3f6g ug{ oxfF cfPsL x'F .’ Tof] Pslbg dfq} ljleGg k|sf/sf ^ j6f sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ul/of] eg] df/jf8L ;]jf ;bgn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] :jfut sfo{qmddf k|wfgdGqL;lxt l;·} dlGqkl/ifb\n] b'O{ 306f ;do ljtfPsf] lyof] . ;f]daf/ dlGqkl/ifb\ lj:tf/ eof] . lj:tf/df k/]sf gofFdGqLn] d+unaf/ jg dGqfnoåf/f cfof]lht uf]i7Lsf] pb\3f6g ug'{eof] . To;f] ug]{ dGqL x'gx''GYof]– ab|Lgf/fo0f a:g]t .

gfd :jR5 5lj sfd o:tf]

of] ;/sf/ :jR5 5lj ePsfx?sf] xf] eGg] 3f]if0ff ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ubf{sf qmddf >L % af6 g} ePsf] xf] . To;sf/0f of] ;/sf/sf dGqLx? eljiodf r'gfj gn8\g] :jR5 5ljsf g} dfGg'k5{ . t/ o;n] ;'?d} dlGqkl/ifb\sf] Pp6f cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g u¥of] . Tof] xf] dGqLx?sf ;DklQ ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs ug]{ sfd . dlGqkl/ifb\sf] cfrf/;+lxtfdf u7g ePsf] !% lbgleq k|wfgdGqL, dGqLx?sf] ;DklQ ljj/0f a'emfO{ ;Sg'kg]{5 eGg] pNn]v 5 . of] dlGqkl/ifb\ lj:tf/ ePsf] ut @ ut] cl3sf dGqLx? h;df k|wfgdGqL klg kg'{x'G5 To:tf] ljj/0f a'emfPsf lyPgg\ . of] lbg ;Dd of] ;/sf/n] #& lbgsf] cfo' ljtfO;s]sf] lyof] . ;DklQ ljj/0f a'emfpg', gj'emfpg' 7"nf] s'/f gxf]nf t/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf] cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g rflx+ eof] . dlGqkl/ifb\sf] of] cfrf/;+lxtf jfWosf/L x'g] eGg] ToxL n]lvPsf] 5 .

:jR5 5lj eGg] ;+1f kfPs} lbg k|wfgdGqL :jo+af6 Pp6f sfd eof] h'g Tolta]nf klg rrf{df cfPsf] lyof] . nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb otf k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm eP/ ;kl/jf/ jfn'jf6f/ k|j]z ug'{eof] eg] ptf cfkm\gf] lghL 3/ hfg] af6f] ;8s ljefuaf6 kLr ug{ nufpg' eof] . :d/0fLo 5, g]kfnL sf+u|]; k|hftflGqssf pk;efklt lr/~hLjL jfUn]n] ;fs{sf ;dodf ;fs{ af6f] egL cfkm\gf] 3/ hfg] af6f]df kLr u/fpg nufpg' ePsf] lyof] . oL b'O{ hgfsf] ;/sf/L vr{df lghL af6f] kLr ug]{ of] sfd slt :jR5 xf] eGg] rflx+ cfkm} 5'6\ofcf}+ .

/fhfeGbf 7"nf dGqL

h'g ;/sf/nfO{ sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/;Dd 5}g Tof] ;/sf/sf dGqLx? cfkm"nfO{ /fhfeGbf 7"nf dfGbf /x]5g\ . rGb ;/sf/sf ljt]sf $) lbgdf To:tf] klg b]lvof] . 36gf xf]– pkk|wfgdGqL ab|L d08nsf] . pxfFn] ljt]sf cfOtjf/ ‘wf]tLjfnf’x?sf] k|ltlglw x'F eGb} g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ kqmfp ug]{ wDsL lbg'eof] . sf]O/fnfsf] ck/fw eg] pxfFn] s]xL cl3 af]Ng' ePsf] b/af/ sf08 u|fO08 l8hfOg cGt/ut ePsf] t/ Tof] l8hfOg s;af6 ePsf] eGg] rflx+ yfxf gePsf] egL atfpg' ePsf] ljifo lyof] . pkk|wfgdGqL d08nn] eGg'eof]— ‘o:tf s'/f atfpg] tL k"j{ k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ ;/sf/n] kqmfp u5{ .’ sf]O/fnfn] of] egfO{nfO{ b'O{ 7fpFdf ;fj{hlgs ug'{ePsf] lyof] . klxnf] k6s lj/f6gu/df of] cleJolQm lbPkl5 pxfF /fhwfgL cfP/ ‘of] s'/f d}n] elgg eg] c? s;n] eGg] cfF6 u5{’ egL k'gM k'i6L ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pkk|wfgdGqL d08nn] o;f] eGg] ‘tL’ k"j{ k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfnfO{ lj/f6gu/d} uP/ kqmfp kg]{ 3f]if0ff ug'{ ePsf] xf] .

pkk|wfgdGqL d08nn] tL sf]O/fnfnfO{ kqmfp ug]{ hgfp lb+bf ltg} sf]O/fnfnfO{ >L % af6 $ lbg cl3 cyf{t\ sflQs @* ut] bz{g e]6 ePsf] lyof] . of] bz{g e]6 sf]O/fnfn] dfu]/ xf]Og, >L % af6 df};"kms} cu|;/tfdf ePsf] lyof] . To;sf] rf/ lbgkl5 cyf{t\ d+l;/ ! ut] pkk|wfgdGqL d08nn] ‘kqmfp’ ug]{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] xf] . :d/0fLo 5 d08n ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf g]tfsf tkm{af6 o;cl3 k6s–k6s ;DkGg ePsf ;j{bnLo a}7s h;df sf]O/fnfsf] klg ;xeflutf lyof] . ;w}+ pkl:yt x'g] dWo]sf Ps JolQm x'g'x'G5 . slt;Dd eg] @)%( c;f]h !* ut]sf] zfxL ;Daf]wg hf/L ePkl5 Tof] ;Djf]wgaf6 ;+ljwfgsf] cfklQhgs ?kn] pNn+3g eof] egL 5nkmn ug{ pxfF pkk|wfgdGqL gxf]p~h]n a;]sf ;j{bnLo a}7sdf klg pkl:yt x'g'x'GYof] .

sf]O/fnfsf] of] cleJolQmnfO{ >L % af6 g} s'g} To:tf] ck/fw dfgL aS;]g . sf]O/fnfaf6 of] cleJolQm ;fj{hlgs x'Fbf >L % s} k|ToIf zf;g lyof] . d08nn] Tof] lbg sf]O/fnfnfO{ kqmfp ug]{ hfgsf/L u/fpFbf pxfF bf}/f ;'?jfnwf/L JolQm x'g'x'GYof] . t/ cfkm" ‘wf]tL’sf] k|ltlglwTj ul//x]sf] hgfO/xg' ePsf] lyof] . sf]O/fnfsf oL cleJolQmaf6 ;aeGbf a9L cfklQ pkk|wfgdGqL d08ndf plAhPsf] b]lvof] . Tof] klg oltv]/ . o:tf] lsg x'Fbf]/x]5 eGg] k|Zg clxn] ;a}lt/ pl7/x]sf] 5 . /fhf af]nfP/ ;xof]u dfUg] dGqL ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ kmqmfp u5'{ egL wDSofpg] . o:tf] ljlrqsf] :j?k ePsf] ;/sf/af6 b]zdf s:tf] vfnsf] zf;g k|zf;g ;'zf;g rln/x]sf] 5 eGg] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . sf]O/fnfn] oL cleJolQm lbPsf] lbg kl5 w]/} j6f ;j{bnLo a}7s eP . t/ ToxfF xfnsf pkk|wfgdGqL d08nn] Ps zAb klg p7fpg' ePsf] lyPg . Tof] a]nfsf ;j{bnLo a}7ssf /]s8{ x]l/of];\ .

:d/0fLo 5, o; cl3sf Ps u[x/fHodGqLn] dfcf]jfbL;+u e]6 ug]{ g]tfx? h;df g]sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf, Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn cflb g]tfx?nfO{ ‘h]n’ xfNg] cleJolQm lbP/ To;}a]nf rrf{df cfO;s]sf lyP . To;a]nf jl/i7tdsf cfwf/df k|wfgdGqL kl5 klxnf] gDa/df /x]sf g]tf lr/~hLjL jfUn]sf] xfnt ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L e};s]sf] 5 . ab|L d08n pxfF cfkm}+ cfOGbf r'gfj nl8\bg eGg] sjf]nkqdf x:tfIf/ u/]/ pkk|wfgdGqL kb k|fKt ug'{ ePsf JolQm x'g'x'G5 . of] ;/sf/sf] k|d'v sfd eg]sf] ;dodf cfd lgjf{rg u/fpg' g} xf] . To;f] eP of] ;/sf/n] eg]sf] slt s'/f cfd gful/sn] dfGg] eGg] k|Zg plAhb}5 <

dGqLx? g} ;+ljwfg;ef tkm{

b]zdf ;+ljwfg;efsf af/] afx\o If]qaf6 Jofks?kdf s'/f pl7/x]sf a]nf ca dGqLx?n] g} To;sf] df+u ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf sfo{jfxs cWoIf tyf pkk|wfgdGqL ab|Lk|;fb d08nn] eGg'eof]— olb dfcf]jfbLx?n] dfU5g\ eg] ;+ljwfg;ef x'g ;Qm5, o;sf af/] s'/f ug{ ;lsG5 . pxfFn] jftf{sf] d'Vo Ph]08f ;+ljwfg;ef klg x'g ;Sg] / ;/sf/ Tof] Ph]08f dfGg tof/ 5 .

csf{ dGqL s'a]/ zdf{sf] kf6L{n] klg cfkm"x? ;+ljwfg;efsf] kIfdf /x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . t/ of] kf6L{ / o;sf ;efklt zdf{sf] zt{ 5— ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGq dfGg'k5{ . c? h] elgP klg ;+ljwfg;efsf kIfdf ;/sf/ b]lvPsf] oL b'O{ dGqLsf cleJolQmn] b]vfpF5g\ .

;ky gvfO{ ;?jf

rGb ;/sf/df otf dlGqkl/ifb\ lj:tf/sf] 3f]if0ff x'g] / ;DalGwt dGqfnosf] lhDdf kfPsf dGqLn] ;ky g} gvfO{ pRr kb:y sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;?jf ug]{ sfd Ps} k6s ePsf] b]lvof] . o;sf] pbfx/0f xf]– ag dGqfno . of] dGqfno dftxtsf ljefu, dxflgb]{zs, pkdxflgb]{zs / dxfk|jGws km]g]{ sfd ;f]daf/ ;DkGg u¥of] . ;f] lbg gjlgo'Qm jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqL ab|Lgf/fo0f a:g]tn] ;fFem ^ ah] dfq kbef/ u|x0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;+:yfgsf cWoIf, dxfk|jGws / dxflgb]{zs dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{oaf6 x'G5 . t/ Tof] lbg ljefusf dxflgb]{zs, pkdxflgb]{zs, l6Da/ skf]{/]zgsf cWoIf, jg k}bfj/ ;ldltsf k|d'v, hl8a'6L ;+:yfgsf dxfk|jGws cflbsf] ;?jf a9'jf u¥of] . o;f] ubf{ ljefusf k"j{ dxflgb]{zs lbJob]j e§ ljb]zdf jg ljefusf] dxflgb]{zs kbsf] x}l;otaf6 sfo{qmddf ;xefuL e}/x]sf lyP . pgL ljb]zd} x'Fbf pgnfO{ dxflgb]{zsaf6 x6fP/ If]qLo ag sfof{no ;'v]{tdf ;?jf ul/of] . ;fdfGotofM ;DalGwt sd{rf/L kbLo x}l;otaf6 ljb]zdf sfo{qmddf ;xefuL e}/x]sf a]nf ;DalGwt dGqfnon] To:tf] x]/km]/ ub}{g . k|zf;lgs If]qdf jg dGqfnosf] of] sfd Jo·fTds ?kdf ;'zf;gsf] gd"gf dflgPsf] 5 .

cGt/+u

e/t sf]O/fnf

8f=6Lsf/fd kGyL

hGdM @# h"g !(#( . lzIffM gJoJofs/0ffrfo{ @)@), ljBfjfl/lw @)@$ ljifoM kfl0fgLkJofs/0ft k|fStgJofs/0ffgf+ kof{nf]rgd\– jf/f0f;]o ;+:s[t ljZjljBfno– jf/0ff;L . ;]jfM lzIfs– >L xl/x/ ;+:s[t kf7zfnf tyf g]kfnL ;+:s[t dxfljBfno jf/0ff;L . @)@% b]lv @)#) ;Dd pkk|frfo{ u'NdL O08/ sn]h, pkk|fWofks tyf SofDk; k|d'v dx]Gb| SofDk; afUn'ª, pk tyf ;x–k|fWofks lq=lj= SofDk; tfg;]g, lzIffWoIf–dx]Gb| ;+:s[t ljZjljBfno, bfª @)$* b]lv @)%@ ;Dd, @)%# b]lv @)%^ ;xk|fWofks–lqljlj sLlt{k'/, @)%^ df3b]lv g]kfn /fhsLo k|1f k|lti7fgdf k|f1 ;b:o /xg' ePsf 8f=kGyL;+usf] cGt/+u—

á tkfO{+n] ljBfjfl/lw u/]sf] ljifosf] vf; dxTj <

– clxn] ;+:s[t Jofs/0fdf k|dfl0fs Jofs/0f kfl0fgLo Jofs/0f xf] . of] ljqmdflbToeGbf ^ ;o jif{ cl3 tof/ ePsf] xf] . clxn] h'g ;+:s[t jfª\do 5, h;sf Jofs/0f geO{ t x'Fb}g . of] Jofs/0f clxn] k|dfl0fs Jofs/0f h'g ;jf{ªk"0f{ pknAw 5, Tof] kfl0fgLo xf] . To;eGbf cl3 ;du|tfdf kfOb}GYof] . ;+:s[tdf Jofs/0f, j]bfGt, ;flxTo cflb rfnL; a'Fbf ljifosf cfrfo{ ug{ ;lsG5— jgf/;df . g]kfndf kGw|j6f ljifodf dfq ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf 5 . ltg}dWo] Jofs/0f ljifodf d}n] ljBfjfl/lw u/]sf] x'F .

á Toqf rfnL; ljifodWo] Jofs/0f g} 5fGg' kg]{ sf/0f <

– a]bsf 5 j6f c+udWo] Jofs/0f ;'? dflgG5, Jofs/0f ;Dk"0f{ zf:qsf] efiffnfO{ kl/is[t ?k lbg] x'Fbf Jofs/0f gk9]sfn] s'g} ljifo k9\g ;Sb}g . Jofs/0f eg]sf] k|wfg c+u xf]– of] ljifo k9]kl5 efiffsf] :j?k hflgG5 / dfq} ;flxTo cflb c? ljifo k9\g ;lsG5 . efiffut z'l4sf ?kdf ;flxTo jf Hof]ltif h'g;'s} ljifo k9\gsf nflu klg s]xL dfqfdf t Jofs/0f k9\g} k¥of] lg . t/ d}n] r}+ efiffsf] d"n h/f] eg]sf] Jofs/0f g} ePsf]n] Tof] ljifo /f]h]sf] x'F .

á agf/; g} uP/ k9\g' k/]kl5 ;+:s[t g} lsg k9\g] ljifo /f]Hg' eof] <

– ltgtfs d]/f] ufpFdf s'g} :s"n lyPg . ufpFsf] hfGg] ;'Gg] Ps 3tL{ du/sxfF uP/ s v k9]+— lktfhLn] ljxfg a]n'sL / pgsf 3/df lbpF;f] uP/ k9\y] . bnfgL kf7zfnf To;nfO{ elgGYof] . j]b, r08L, ;Kt;tL cflb a|fDx0fsf] sd{ tyf csf]{ bnfgL, kf7zfnfdf uP/ Jofs/0f klg k9]+– n3'sf}d'bL klg k9]+ . c3f{vfFrLdf uP/ P3f/;Dd k9]kl5 agf/; uP/ cfkm\gf] k[i7e"ld ;+:s[t g} x'g k'u]sf]n] ;+:s[t k9]sf] x'F . ;+:s[t afx]s csf]{ ljsNk g} k9\g] ljifo ufpFdf gePsfn] klg xf] .

á cfkm\gf] k9fO{ ;s]/ lsg g]kfn lkmg'{ ePg <

– ljBfjfl/lw t d}n] @)@$ ;fndf u/]sf] x'F . To;cl3 @)!* ;fnd} k9fO{ ;s]sf] lyPF . agf/;l:yt xl/x/ ;+:s[t kf7zfnfdf lxGbLsf] lzIfs kb vfnL eP5 . Jofs/0f k9fpg] c? lzIfs eP klg ToxfFsf ljBfyL{n] lxGbL tyf Jofs/0f klg k9fpgsf nflu dnfO{ g} /fVg k|];/ u/]5g\ . To;/L d agf/;d} gf]s/L ug{ yfn]kl5 kL=Pr=8L= ug]{ klg df}sf kfPF . ToxfF sfd ub}{ ubf{ lbNnLsf] ;/sf/n] @÷$ hgf pTs[i6 ljBfyL{NffO{ kL=Pr=8L=sf nflu 5fqj[lQ k|bfg ug]{ qmddf d klg k/]5' / Tof] l8u|L klg lng] df}sf klg kfPsf] x'F .

á agf/;af6 cfkm\gf] b]z lkmg]{ ;Gbe{ rflx+ <

– d agf/; k9\g / k9fpg u/L a;]sf] !$ jif{ ePsf] lyof] . d PSnf] 5f]/f] dfq lyPF . To;}n] pxfFx?sf] k|];/df jfWo eP/ :j]bz cfpg' k/]sf] xf] . gq eg] agf/; ljZjljBfnod} d sfd kfpg] eO;s]sf] lyPF .

á c+u|]hL lzIff k9\g rflx+ dg nfu]g <

– dWod cyf{t\ c+u|]hLsf cfO{=P=;/xsf] cWoogkZrft\ ;fyLx?sf] ;/;Nnfxsf PjL;L8L k9\g ;'? ul/of] . d Aofs/0f k9]sf] JolQm ePsf]n] c+u|]hL l;Sg ;lhn} eof] . kmn:j?k k|fOe]6?kd} P;=Pn=;L / cfO{=P=;Dd k/LIff lbO{ kf; x'g ;s]+ . cfhsf] o'udf c+u|]hL hflgPg eg] kl5 kl/G5 eGg] xfdL ;fyLx?sf] ;Nnfxn] k9\g ;lsof] . kl5 uP/ c+u|]hL Jofs/0f t k9fpg] sfd klg u/]+ .

á cfkm\gf] hLjg pknlAwd"ns x'g ;s]sf] 7fGg' ePsf] 5 <

– df]6fdf]6L ?kdf cfkm\gf] hLjg pknlAwd"ns g} x'g ;s]sf] 7fg]sf] 5' . lsgeg] cfkm"n] lzIff cfh{g ul/;s]kl5 c?nfO{ klg lzlIft agfpg] sfdb]lv lnP/ ;+:s[t ljifosf ;ftj6f v08sfJo, g]kfnLsf tLgj6f s[lt k|sflzt ug]{ ;s]sf] tyf kbs / k'/:sf/ u/]/ P3f/ j6f k|fKt ug{ ;Sbf g} hLjg pknlAwd"ns aGg ;s]sf] dx;'; u/]sf] 5' .

á g]kfnsf] ;+:s[t ;dfhdf tkfO{+sf] :yfg <

– clxn] klg ;+:s[t ;dfhn] a}o\ofs/0f g]kfndf dnfO{ g} k|d'v ?kdf cf}+Nofpg] u/]sf] 5 . csf{ Ps k|fWofks ldq xl/k|;fb cfrfo{ klg x'g'x'G5– deGbf klg l;lgo/ / xfdLnfO{ k9fpg] ;+:s[tsf u'? g} x'g'x'G5 . pxfFn] klg ;+:s[t ljifosf] Jofs/0fljb\sf] gfd ln+bf d]/f] g} gfpF lng] ug'{ ePsf] 5 . d}n] klg cfb/ ug]{ JolQmsf] gfd lng' kbf{ pxfFs} lng] u/]sf] 5' .

á Jofs/0fljb\ ePsf] x}l;otn] xfd|f] g]kfnL efiff ;flxTodf k|of]u x'g] u/]sf] Jofs/0fsf] :t/nfO{ s'g ?kdf lng' ePsf] 5 <

– xfd|f] Jofs/0f cg';f/ g]kfnL efiff ;flxTodf k|of]u x'g] u/]sf] Jofs/0f x]bf{ b]Vbf Tolt w]/} ljs[lt, lj;+ult Tolt 3':g ;s]sf] 5}g . a? o;sf] cg'kftdf xfd|f] ljZjljBfnosf lzIfsx?n] xfdLn] k9]sf] sfnsf] ;§f klZrdL z}nL ckgfP/ e"tsfn / ce"tsfn— ce"tsfnsf klg b'O{ efu jt{dfg / eljio eg]/ l;sfpg yfn] . o:tf] sfd u/]/ a? s]xL ljs[lt pTkGg x'g] cj:yf 5 . t/ xfd|f] efiffdf r}+ ;+:s[tlgi6 5 .

á ;+:s[t efiffnfO{ s]xLn] a|fDx0fx?sf] efiff eGg] u/]sf 5g\ lg <

– h'g a]nf oxfF lzIffsf] ljsf; lyPg, To;a]nf ;+:s[t k9L a|fDx0fx?n] kl08Tosf] sfd ub{y] . ;+:s[t k9]/ k'/]TofO{ ug]{ rng g} a|fDx0fx?sf] ltgtfs lyof] . hLljsfkfh{gsf] k|d'v nIo a|fDx0fx?sf] oxL g} lyof] . /f0ffsfnsf lalzi6 ljåfgx? nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f, aL=kL=sf]O/fnf, n]vgfy kf}8]n cflb hlt gfd 5 tL ;a} ;+:s[tsf ljåfgx? g} lyP . o;sf/0f ;+:s[tnfO{ a|fDx0fsf] efiff eg]sf x'g\ . t/ oyfy{df eGg] xf] eg] efiff zf:q cg';f/ ef/f]k]nL kl/jf/ leq ;+:s[t, c+u|]hL, u|Ls, Nofl6g efiff klg kb{5g\ . clxn] ;+:ff/df ef/f]k]nL efiff af]Ng] dfG5] &% k|ltzt 5g\ elgG5 . csf]{ s'/f a'4 wd{ dfGg] cd/ l;+x zfSon] ;+:s[tdf cd/ sf]z egL n]v], of] w]/} cl3sf] s'/f lyof] . ef/t jif{df kl5 eP/ Tof] sf]z olt a9L 5flkof] ls g]kfn ef/tsf clwsf+z JolQmsf 3/df 5g\ . ca Tof] zfSon] n]v]sf] Tof] sf]znfO{ s;/L a|fDx0fsf] dfq} eGg] <

á g]kfn /fhsLo k|1f k|lti7fgsf] k|f1 s;/L aGg k'Ug' eof] <

– d}n] To:tf] s'g} klg ;f];{kmf];{ r}+ kSsf klg nufPsf] xf]Og . @)#^ ;fn otf d kfNkfdf k|fWofks 5Fbfsf avt k|f=;+3sf] r'gfj eof] . d k|hftflGqs ;d"xaf6 ;b:odf p7]sf] lyPF . To;a]nf clxn]sf pks"nklt gjLgk|sfz zfx r'gfj u/fpg] qmddf ;lqmo x'Fbf d;+u klg ;Dk{s ePsf] lyof] . ToxLa]nf k|f=slkn >]i7n] ef]6sf nflu d]rLb]lv dxfsfnL;Ddsf ;a}nfO{ e]6\g] qmddf hfg'eof] eg] d rflx+ k"j{sf ;Kt/L;Dd dfq cfPsf] lyPF . Tolt yf]/} d]/f] ;Dks{ eP klg d eGbf a9L ;Dks{ ug'{ x'g] slkn >]i7n] cf7 ef]6 deGbf a9L Nofpg' ePsf] lyof] . ca d /fhsLodf k'UgnfO{ /fhsLodf nfg] ;ldltdf pxfF kg'{ eP5 / zfxhLn] d]/f] klg gfd l;kmfl/; ug'{ ePsf] sf/0f g} d /fhsLodf k'Ug ;s]sf] cg'dfg clxn] d]/f] dgn] nufPsf] 5 .

á of] k|lti7fgdf cfpFbf s'g nIo lyof] / s] ug{ ;Sg' eof] <

– oxfF dnfO{ efiff ;flxTo ljefusf] efiff ljefusf] lhDd]jf/L lbOof]– h;sf] sf/0f dnfO{ /fd|} klg eof] . lsgeg] d kfl0fgLo Jofs/0f k9]sf] JolQm k/]+ . g]kfnsf] /fi6«efiff / /fli6«o efiffsf] ;DaGwdf uf]i7L ug]{, cg';Gwfg ug]{]{ oL efiffsf] ljsf; ug]{ sfddf of]hgf ;+rfng ug]{ lhDd]jf/L lbOPsf] 5 . To; cg';f/sf] sfd d ub}{5' . /, csf]{ rflx+ lnDa' efiffsf ;+:s[tsf] ;DaGw k|efj s;/L ePsf] xf] egL cg';GwfgfTds s[lt tof/ ul/b}5 . o:t} u'NdL, kfNkf / c3f{vfFrLdf af]lng] g]kfnL efiffsf] eflifs :j?k s:tf] 5 eGg] ljifosf] cg';Gwfg sfo{ klg eO;s]sf] 5 .

á tkfO{+ ;+:s[t k9]sf] JolQm k|hftGqjfbL rflx+ s;/L x'g k'Ug' eof] <

– @))) ;fndf bf];|f] ljZjo'4 ePsf] ljj/0f dnfO{ k"/} yfxf 5 . @))& ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngdf xfd|f 7fpFsf g]tf sflzgfy uf}tdsf] g]t[Tjdf d klg em08f xftdf af]sL /f0ffzfxL d'bf{jfb, OGsnfj— lhGbfjfb eGb} lx+8]sf] JolQm x'F . Toltv]/ g]tfx?sf] efif0f /f0ff lj?4sf s'/f v'a ;'GYof}+ . ltgtfs lktfhL kz'klt u'x\o]Zj/Lsf] bz{g ug{ hfFbf /f0ff zf;ssf] ;L=cfO{=8L= egL s]xL ;do kqmfp kg'{ eP5 . cfkm\gf] lhNnfdf klg sflzgfysf] k|efj b]Vbf / /f0ffzfxLsf] cTofrf/ ;'Gbf lktfhLn] klg sflzgfynfO{ g} g]tf dfgL /f0ff zf;g lj?4 nfUg ;Nnfx lbg' ePsf] lyof] . @)!% ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf klg sf+u|]; pDd]bjf/sf] ;dy{s tyf agf/;df /xFbf klg k|hftGqjfbLx?;+usf] ;Dks{sf] sf/0fn] klg k|hftGqjfbL x'g k'u]+ .

á /fhgLlt vf; u/]/ clxn]sf] cj:yfk|lt tkfO{+sf] wf/0ff <

– @))& ;fn / @)$^ ;fndf ul/Psf] cfGbf]ngkZrft\ k|fKt Joj:yfdf kf6L{x?n] h'g k|sf/sf] e"ldsf x'g'kg]{ lyof], Tof] e"ldsf cg';f/ rNg g;Sbf g} of] l:ylt b]vf kg{ uPsf] xf] . g]tfx?n] /fhgLltnfO{ h;/L rnfpg' kYof]{ To;/L rnfpg g;Sbf b]z cGwsf/do h:tf] x'g k'u]sf] 5 . g]tfx?df e|i6frf/sf] cf/f]k tyf sf/jfxL x'g yfn]sf] 5 .

dgsf] uf“7f]

ljlwsf] zf;g ePg

clwjQmf cf]d/fh kf}8]n

d'n'sdf clxn] w]/} ;d"xn] af6f] lj/fPsf 5g\ . /fhgLlts ug]{x? /fHo;Qf ;+rfng ug]{x? k|ltkIfdf a:g]x?, /fHo;Qfsf] ljsNk lbg]x? tyf unt tl/sfaf6 /fi6«nfO{ gofF df]8 lbg] ;kgf b]Vg]x? ;a}n] clxn] unt 7fpFdf 6]Sg k'u]sf 5g\ . ljut !@ jif{b]lv k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf eP otf /fHo;Qf ;DxfNb} cfPsfx?, k|ltkIfdf a:b} cfPsfx? / cGo lemgf dl;gf /fhg}lts ;d"x? ;a}n] nueu Pp6} efiff k|of]u ub}{ elg/x]sf 5g\ ls— ‘sd{rf/LtGqn] b]z ljufl//x]sf] 5, /fhgLltnfO{ grfO/x]sf] 5 / g]t[Tjju{nfO{ cfkm\gf] k|efjdf kfl//x]sf] 5 .’ of] ;a} s'/f ljlu|;s]kl5 c?dfly bf]if yf]kg]{ / cfkm" ‘kfgL dflysf] cf]efgf]’ aGg] k|a[lQsf] v]n dfq xf] . sd{rf/LtGq eg]sf] t clxn] xfd|f] b]zsf] k|f]6f]sn x]g]{ xf] eg] w]/} tn kl//x]sf] ;d"xsf] ?kdf cjl:yt 5, en} /fi6«sf] k|ljlw, af}l4s hdft / bIf ;d"xsf] 7"nf] lx:;f ToxL ;d"x leq /x]sf] xf];\ . /fHo ;+rfngsf x/]s If]qx?df lglZrt gLltx?sf] lgdf{0f u/L To;sf] sfof{Gjog txdf sd{rf/LtGqsf] k|of]u ug]{ k|hftflGqs ;+:sf/ cFufln/x]sf] d'n'sx?df sd{rf/L ;+oGqn] /fi6«k|lt g/fd|f] c;/ kg{ hfg] s]xL sfd ug{ k'Uof] eg] To;sf] ckhz ;/sf/ kIf, ;Qf;Lg /fhg}lts bn tyf /fhg}lts g]t[Tj txaf6 g} lng] kl/kf6L a;]sf] x'G5, lsgeg] sd{rf/L ;+oGq g} ;/sf/sf] dftxtdf /xG5 / ;/sf/df /fhg}lts g]t[Tj g} a;]sf] x'G5 . t/ xfd|f] b]zdf olt unt kl/kf6L al;;Sof] ls sd{rf/L ;/sf/sf] dftxtdf /xG5 / sd{rf/L ;+oGqnfO{ ;/sf/n] cfkm"n] /fHo ;+rfng ug]{ l;nl;nfdf rfx]+ cg'?k kl/rfng ug{ vf]H5 / u5{ klg . t/ lj8Dagf st}af6 /fi6«k|lt gsf/fTds c;/ kg]{ vfnsf sfd s'/fx? x'g k'u] cyf{t\ sfd s'/f ljlu|g k'Uof] eg] rfx]+ Tof] /fhg}lts g]t[Tjaf6} x'g k'u]sf] lsg gxf];\, To;sf] ;f/f bf]if sd{rf/L ;+oGqdfly yf]kg]{ k|j[lQ 5 . h'g s'/f sfg'gL /fhsf] 7Ls ljk/Lt b]lvPsf] 5 . sfg'gL /fhdf ljlwn] k|>o kfO/x]sf] x'G5, ljlw ljk/Lt jf sfg'g / aflx/ sf]xL, slx+, st}, slxNo} rn]sf] x'Fb}g . cfkm"n] 7Ls tl/sfn] sfd ug]{ / cfkm"n] u/]sf] sfdsf] ;a} lhDd]jf/L cfkm}n] lng] s'/f ‘ljlwsf] zf;g’df cfwfl/t 5 . sfd ubf{ub}{ x'g hfg] dfgjLo uNtLnfO{ klg :jLsfg]{, cfkm"n] u/]sf] uNtL cfkm}+n] dx;'; ug]{, To;af6 kf7 l;s]/ cufl8 a9\g] s'/fx? ‘ljlwsf] zf;g’ cGtu{t kb{5g\ . t/ xfd|f] d'n'sdf lnlkj4 ?kdf ‘ljlwsf] zf;g’df cfwfl/t s'/fx?sf] sdL 5}g tyflk Jojxf/df s;}n] klg ‘ljlwsf] zf;g’nfO{ ;fy lbg ;s]gg\ / ‘ljlwsf] zf;g’sf] dfGotf cg'?k sf]xL klg rNg ;s]gg\, clxn] ;a}eGbf b'Mvb / /fi6«sf nflu b'ef{Uok"0f{ s'/f oxL x'g k'u]sf] 5 .

/fi6«df clxn] w]/}hgf / w]/} ;d"xn] af6f] la/fO;s]sf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf klxn] Tof] qmd s/La kfFr bzsb]lv b]zdf k|hftGq / gful/s clwsf/ :yflkt u/fpgsf nflu ;+3if{/t /fhg}lts bnx? / tL bnsf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?af6 ;'? x'g k'Uof] . To;kl5 c?x?n] klg To;sf] b]vfl;sL ub}{ clxn] /fi6« eo+s/ hl6ntftkm{ pGd's eO;s]sf] 5 . k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgf eP otf af6f] lj/fpg] qmd olt w]/} a[l4 eof] ls h;sf] kmn:j?k /fi6« clxn] 7"nf] vf8ndf vl;/x]sf] 5, oBlk efl;O;s]sf] 5}g . /fi6«nfO{ Tof] vf8naf6 ptfg]{ cem} 7fpF afFsL 5 Tof] xf] ‘;j{kIfLo ;'ema'em / ;xsfo{ .’ hgtfsf nflu zf;g ug]{x? / u5f}{ egL r'gf}tL lbg]x? ;a}n] af6f] lj/fO;s] t/ hgtfn] af6f] lj/fPsf 5}gg\ . ca of] /fi6«sf] efUo lgdf{0f ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfs} sfFwdf cfOk'Ug]5 . To;}n] ca ;j{;fwf/0f ;d]t d"sbz{s eP/ a:g] cj:yf 5}g . lsgeg] lxhf]sf] cj:yfdf hgtfn] 7"nf] cfzf af]s]sf lyP . k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgfkl5sf] cj:yfdf /fhg}lts ?kdf t b]z pFef] nfU5 g}, To;sf cnfjf ;fdflhs / cfly{s ljsf;df klg b]zn] 7"nf] pGglt / k|ult xfl;n ug]{5 eGg]tkm{ gful/sx? cfzfjfbL lyP . t/ oxfF t s'g} klg If]qdf pGglt / k|ultsf] s'/f t k/} hfcf];\, lxhf] k]6el/ vfg]n] cfh cfwf k]6 vfP/ a:g'kg]{ cj:yf cfof] .

– kf]v/f

xltof/n] ;dfwfg lg:sFb}g

lxdfn clwsf/L

dfcf]jfbLx?n] ;/sf/L sfof{nodf cfqmd0f u/L ef}lts ;+/rgf Wj:t kfg]{ sfddf cem klg sdL NofPsf 5}gg\ . a? c? pQ]lht x'Fb} pgLx? ef}lts ;+/rgf gi6 kfg]{ sfddf pQ]lht e}/x]sf 5g\ . JolQmut l/;OjL, kf6L{ut ljrf/df dtleGgtf b]lvg]ljlQs} lgd{dtfk"j{s xTof ug{ dfcf]jfbL vlKk; 5 . Toltdfqn] gk'uL pgLx? 3/ Wj:t ug]{, ;DklQ n'6\g] sfd klg ul/xfN5g\ . h'Dnf ;b/d'sfd cfqmd0f ug{ cfPsf dfcf]jfbLn] lhNnf GofofwLzsf] sk8f / h'Qf klg lnP/ uPsf 5g\ / cfkm\gf] yf]qf] sk8f / h'Qf eg] 5f]8]/ uP5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf] of] x/stn] pgLx? ljrf/sf] cfwf/df dfq grn]sf] / sltko cfkm\gf] cfjZostf k"lt{ ug{sf] nflu klg lx+8\g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . dfcf]jfbLn] rGbf /sd c;'Ng vf]Hg] clg cfkm"n] eg] hlt k};f gkfpg] ljlQs} lgd{dtfk"j{s xTof ug'{ sbflrt 7Ls xf]Og . t/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ of] Gofosf] af]nL af]Ng s;n] l;sfcf];\ < pgLx? o; zf;g Joj:yf 7Ls 5}g eG5g\, clg rflx+ o; Joj:yfsf gfOs]x?n] eGbf 3[l0ft sfd u5{g\ . g/fd|f sfdsf] cGTo ug{ Tof] eGbf klg g/fd|f] ug'{ plrt x'Fb}g . lsgeg] clxn] To;sf] ;dfhdf emg\ g/fd|f] sfdnfO{ :yflkt ul/lbG5 . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] dxfjf0fL ljk/Lt sltko /fd|f] sfd ubf{ ub}{ klg axfb'/ zfx zlQmdf cfPkl5 ef/bf/ dfg{ pBt eP . tTsfn ;d:of ;dfwfg eof] t/ bL3{sfnLg c;/ To;n] 5f]8\of] . axfb'/ zfxsf] cGTo klg aGbL hLjgdf g} eof] . /, o;sf] tTsfnLg g]kfnL /fhgLltdf /QmkftnfO{ k|>o lbof] . kl5 ;Qfdf cfpg hf] s;}n] /ut aufP . To;}n] of] 7Ls xf]Og . qmflGtsf] nflu sf+u|];n] xltof/ p7fof], sDo'lgi6n] emfkf sf08 /rfof] . To;sf] kl/0ffd klg ltgn] Tolta]nf s;/L ef]u] yfx} 5 . t/ oL ;a} s'/fx? b]v]/ klg dfcf]jfbLx? xltof/ p7fO/x]5g\, /Qmkft dRofO/x]5g\ . /utn] zflGt NofpFb}g, a? k|ltqmflGt lgDTofpF5 . of] t dfcf]jfbLn] klg a'em]s} xf]nfg\ . olb a'em]/ klg o:tf] ul//x]5g\ eg] o;n] t emg\ 3fts kl/0ffd lgDTofpF5 . o;df z+sf 5}g . /, cGhfgdf u/]sf] eP pgLx?n] xltof/ l9nf] rfF8f] TofUg} k5{ .

– l;tfk'/, dxf]Q/L

g]kfn aGb / z}lIfs x8\tfn s] sf nflu <

kml0fGb| a/fn

/fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] cfkm\gf] clei6 k"lt{ ug{sf] nflu x8\tfnsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ ub{5g\ . o;nfO{ zlQm k|bz{g klg eGg ;lsG5 . w]/} ;fgf–dl;gf kf6L{x?n] g]kfn aGb nufotsf cfof]hgf ubf{ ;kmn x'G5g\ jf x'Fb}gg\ yfx 5}g, lsgeg] /fk|kf;Ddn] x8\tfn u/]sf 5}gg\ . o;nfO{ pN6\ofP/ eGbf aGb u/fpg ;Sg] ;fdYo{ pgLx?df b]lvPsf] 5}g . tL afx]s g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]skf Pdfn], g]skf dfn] clg clxn] pbfpFbf] zlQm dfcf]jfbLn] w]/} k6s g]kfn aGb ul/;s]sf 5g\ . tfhf 36gfsf ?kdf lng' kbf{ xfn}sf] tLg lbg] g]kfn aGbnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . dfcf]jfbL ;dly{t clvn qmflGtsf/Ln] k'gM z}lIfs x8\tfnsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . cyf{t\ aGbsf] 3f]if0ff kl5Nnf] ;dodf dfcf]jfbLn] g} a9L ul//x]sf] 5 . t/ jGb dfkm{t\ pgLx?n] lgwf{l/t nIo xfl;n u/]sf] eg] b]lvb}g . o;f] lsg klg elgPsf] xf] eg] nIo xfl;n ePsf] eP bf];|f] k6s ;f]xL d'2fdf x8\tfn jf aGb x'Fb}gYof] . t/ oxfF t jf/Daf/ eO/xG5 . cfh dfcf]jfbLn] aGbsf] cfx\jfg u/]h:t} Psk6s Pdfn]n] cfx\jfg ub{Yof] . nuftf/ kfFrlbg;Dd aGbsf] cfx\jfg ubf{ hgtfaf6 To;sf] k|ltsf/ / lj/f]w eof] / Pdfn] r'krfk a:g afWo eof] . Pdfn]n] h'g lgolt ef]Uof], dfcf]jfbLn] klg ToxL ef]Ug dfq afFsL 5 . cfkm"n] /fv]sf] dfu k"/f gx'g] ljlQs} ;bgb]lv ;8s;Dd cj?4 ug]{ /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] gLltn] of] b]znfO{ sxfF k'¥ofpg] xf] o;} eGg ;lsGg . /fhgLlts gf/f km/s, l;4fGt km/s ePsf kf6L{x?sf] lj/f]wsf] z}nL eg] Pp6} 5, h'g /fi6«sf] nflu hlxn] klg 3ftsl;4 x'g] u/]sf] 5 . Pslbg g]kfn aGb x'Fbf /fi6«n] c/jf}+ Iflt Joxf]g'{k5{, To;tkm{ s;}sf] Wofg uPsf] b]lv+b}g . xNn} xNnfsf] b]zsf] ?kdf ;j{q kl/lrt g]kfn o:t} l:ylt sfod /x]df aGb} aGbsf] b]z aGg j]/ 5}g . t/ o;tkm{ s;}n] rf;f] jf lrGtf lnPsf] h:tf] b]lv+b}g .

– l;Gw'nL

cem} klg k|wfgdGqL r? xf]Db} x'g'x'G5 <

;Gtf]if Gof}kfg]

jt{dfg ;/sf/sf pkk|wfgdGqL ab|Lk|;fb d08nsf] j]js'kmLk"0f{ cleJolQmn] hgtf sl/j Ps ;ftf kLl8t aGg'k¥of] . Psftkm{ /fxtsf] Kofs]h sfo{qmd eGb} g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf] kbf{el/ eP/ pkk|wfgdGqL d08n af]ln/x]sf lyP eg] csf]{lt/ pgsf] Ps jfSon] hgtfdf sf]sf]xf]nf] dlRrPsf] lyof] . d"Noa[l4sf] vf;v'; xNnfsf] e/df t Jofkf/Lx? ;nanfpg] b]zdf pkk|wfgdGqLn] 6]lnlehg dfkm{t\ g} d"Noa[l4 x'g;S5 elglb+bf l:ylt c;fdfGo x'g' :jfefljs g} xf] . hgtfnfO{ /fxtsf] sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ub}{ u/]sf] ;d]t d08nn] ljl;{Psf] kf] ls eGg] nfUof] . /, k"0f{ ?kdf hgtfk|lt ;dlk{t eP/ /fxtsf] sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] eP hgtfn] of] kL8f vKg'kg]{ cj:yf klg cfpg] lyPg . To;}n] ;/sf/n] lbglbg} 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ljleGg /fxtsf sfo{qmd s]jn eGgsf] nflu elgPsf] h:tf] ePsf 5g\ .

/fhfn] lgo'lQm u/]sf] of] ;/sf/nfO{ ljleGg % j6f sfd ;'lDkPsf] ;j{ljlbt} 5 . t/ ;/sf/ eg] cfkm"nfO{ ;'lDkPsf] sfddf bQlrQ eP/ nfluk/]sf] b]lv+b}g . jt{dfg ;/sf/sf dGqLx? klg k"j{jtL{ ;/sf/sf dGqLx? h:t} lstfj ljdf]rg, k'/:sf/ ljt/0f, uf]i7L h:tf k|rf/fTds sfo{qmddf dfq nfu]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL ;flxlTos jf wfld{s cg'i7fgsf] sfo{qmddf uP/ r? xf]ld/xg' ePsf] b]lvG5 eg] pkk|wfgdGqL uf8Laf6 cf]n{+bf klg uf8{n] :ofn'6 xfG5g\, pSnFbf klg :ofn'6 xfG5g\ eg]/ dlwz] ;dfhdf u'gf;f] ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;n] ubf{ pgLx? klg d'n'ssf] ;d:ofk|lt uDeL/ ePsf] b]lv+b}g . h'g d'n'ssf] nflu g} 3fts x'g ;S5 .

– n}grf}/, sf7df8f}+

k|ltWjlg

hfg] >Lv08 gq v'kf{sf] la+8

sflQs @( ut] k|sflzt ‘ljdz{’sf ;fdfu|Lx? Hofb} ;do ;fGble{s nfUof] . ;+ljwfg >Lv08 sL v'kf{sf] la+8 < zLif{sdf lj/xLhLn] ;a}sf] cfFvf vf]nL lbg' ePsf] 5 . otf /fdrGb|hLn] l9n} eP klg clx+;|s zlQmsf] k'g:y{fkg ug]{ ;+sNk ug'{ eP5, To;sf] klg ;/fx|gf ug}{ k5{ . ! ca{ hgtf ePsf] rLgdf ( ;b:o ePsf] /fli6«o ;ldlt lglj{/f]w rog ePsf] b]v]/ xfdLn] klg kb / k};feGbf b]z / hgtfnfO{ pRr :yfgdf lbg] tkm{ ;f]Rg} knf{ .

t/ otf sf+u|];n] sfd yfNof] eGg] zLif{sdf cln l6Kk0fL ug{ dg nfUof] . To; sfo{df ;+of]hs / sfo{stf{ tf]s]/ @$ ;d"xn] g]kfnel/sf hgtfnfO{ k'gM hufP/ s]Gb|k|ltsf] unt z+sf lgjf/0f ub}{ hgr]tgf / kf6L{ ;'b[9Ls/0f ;d]t u/fpg] sfd yfn]sf]df ;a} b]zjf;Ln] v'zL dfGg' k5{ .

k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgfkl5sf !# aif{df !) aif{ hlt ;Qf rnfPsf] kf6L{n] clxn] uh'/ r9fpg] a]nfdf e/v/ hu vGg] v]tfnf hDdf u/]sf] b]v]/ clxn] cln b'v nfUof] . s] clxn] dfq sf+u|];sf] leqL cfFvf v'n]sf] xf] t < . s'g} j]nf ;jf]{Rr g]tfsf] ctL{ gdfg]/ k|hftGqsf xh'/afnfO{ af}nfxf eGb} k};f / zlQmn] dfq k|hftGq / kf6L{sf] /Iff ug]{ lbjf:jKg b]Vg] / u0f]zhLn] dxfb]j / kfj{tLnfO{ 3'd]/} u0fklt kb xTofP em} zlQm s]Gb| / t:s/x?sf] aLrd} dWo:y u/]/ l6s6 xTofpg]x? clxn] k'gM s'df/ ag]/ ;'d]? kj{t 3'Dg ;Snfg\ / < clxn]sf] hl6n c;'/Iffdf sfo{stf{nfO{ ufpFlt/ k7fpg' vt/f 5}g / < lar/f tL k/hLjL sfo{stf{nfO{ ufpFlt/ ws]Ng' eGbf klxn] zflGt jftf{ / o'4lj/fd kl5 dfq of] sfo{ yfNg' plrt xf]Og / <

d]/f] gd| lgj]bg of] 5 ls, cfb]z lbg]x?n] 5b\d e]ifd} eP klg Ps k6s ufpF 3'd]/ x]/L lbg' ePdf /fd|f] x'g] lyof] . x}g eg] /fhwfgLleq} a;]/ c8{/ rnfpg]x?n] kl5 w]/} >4f~hln ck{0f ug'{ k¥of] eg] s] ug]{ <

g]tfx?n] >Lv08?kL sfo{sstf{x?nfO{ v'kf{sf] lj+8 ;+Demg] jfgL 5f8]/ ltgsf] plrt ;+/If0f lbPdf kf6L{, k|hftGq, b]z / hgtf ;a}sf] sNof0f x'g] s'/fdf e'Qmef]uL lj/xLhLn] klg gfO{+ eGg' x'g] 5}g / cfkm}+nfO{ dfq k|hftGqsf] 7]s]bf/ ;+emg] g]tfx?n] klg ljrf/ ug}{ knf{ ls < . ptf ;/sf/n] klg zflGt geP;Dd k'glg{df0fsf] sfo{ ug'{ eGbf gub}{ ;+/If0f u/L /fVbf /fd|f] x'g]5 . k'g:yf{kg sfo{ zflGt kl5 ug]{ xf] ls <

– /fdxl/ ‘afh]’, ljb'/ ( lqz'nL, g'jfsf]6

;fgfnfO{ lsg x]nf ul/G5 <

xfn g]kfndf e}/x]sf] cft+ssf/Lsf] ultljlw / /fHosf] tkm{af6 cft+ssf/L lgoGq0f ug{sf] nflu kl/rflnt ;'/Iff kmf}haLr le8Gt x'Fbf ljleGg :yfgx?df clk|o 36gfx? 3l6/x]sf] s'/f ;j{ljlbt} 5 . / le8Gtsf] a]nfdf aL/ult k|fKt ug]{ aL/ ;}lgsx?dWo] clwsf+z ?kdf tNnf] bhf{sf ;}lgs hjfgx?n] b]zsf] lgldQ hLjg jlnbfg lbPsf] x'G5 t/ tL aL/ult k|fKt ug]{ hjfgx?sf] ;dfrf/ tyf kqklqsfx?df gfd;d]t pNn]v u/]sf] kfOb}g olb ;dfg ?kn] x]l/G5 eg] tNnf] bhf{ aL/ult k|fKt ug]{ JolQmx?sf] klg gfd pNn]v ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . lsgls kLl8tsf 3/ kl/jf/ cfkmGthg tyf ;dsIfLx?n] To:tf] lsl;dsf] 36gf 36\of] eGg] vj/ ;'Gg] ljlQs} /]l8of], kqklqsf dfkm{t\ ;fj{hlgs x'G5 egL Wofg cfs[i6 e}/x]sf] x'G5 t/ s'g} gfd ;fj{hlgs x''g ;Sb}g . To;sf/0f nfvf} AolQmx?sf] u'gf;f]sf] ljifo aGg k'u]sf] 5 To;sf] nflu ;DalGwt kIfaf6 klg kxn u/L lbg' x''g cfjZos ePsf] b]lvG5 .

– kL=/fgf,

ca gSv'df e]6f}+nf Û

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] nfdf] Oltxf; xhf/f}+ sfo{stf{sf] Tof] jlnbfgLaf6 cfPsf] k|hftGqnfO{ xltof/ agfP/ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ^) aif{sf] Oltxf;nfO{ s'Nrb} wg / ;Qf pGdfbsf] e/df s]xL b'i6x?sf] e/df kf6L{nfO{ cfkm\gf] sAhfdf lng vf]Hg] v'daxfb'/ bfO / ltgsf dltof/x?nfO{ r]tgf eofF xfdL h:tf TofuL sfo{stf{n] lxhf] 6fpsf]df rf]6 ;x]/ NofPsf] k|hftGqsf] afx| aif]{ cjlwdf ltdLx?nfO{ e]6\g g;s] klg ca ltdL ;a} b'i6x?nfO{ e]6\g gVv' h]ndf dfkmf{sf] :ofp / dgsfdgfsf] ;'Gtnf lnP/ e]6\g cfpg]5f} . lxhf]sf lbgdf t:s/ / 7]s]bf/x?nfO{ jfx]s c?nfO{ ge]6\g] tkfO{+, gVv' h]ndf t xfdLnfO{ cjZo klg e]6 lbg' x'g]5 . dnfO{ t xg'dfg9f]sf d} e]6\g] ljrf/ lyof] t/, dfOnfbfO cfpg' ef 5}g, s];L bfO cfpg' ef 5}g, e08f/L bfO cfpg' ef 5}g / 7"N7"nf dxFuf uf8Lsf l8n/;fx]k uR5bf/ bfO cfpg' ef 5}g To;}n] bfOx?sf] bz{gsf] nflu gfDnf]n] af]/fdf :ofp / ;'Gtnf af]s]/ gVv' cfp ls stf <

– /dfsfGt kf}8]n,

u'NdL, xfn lrtjg cfdlGqt ;b:o If]q g+=#, lrtjg

clen]v
lj:tfl/t dlGqkl/ifb\

>L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 c;f]h @% ut] nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbsf] g]t[Tjdf ul7t dlGqd08nnfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf] æ;NnfxÆ cg';f/ d+l;/ @ ut] lj:tf/ ul/alS;of] . To;sf] ljj/0f—

nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb k|wfgdGqL, /fhb/af/ ;DaGwL / /Iff

ab|Lk|;fb d08n pkk|wfgdGqL, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L / :yfgLo ljsf;

/d]zgfy kf08] dGqL, ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ / ;fdfGo k|zf;g

b]jLk|;fb cf]emf dGqL, lzIff tyf v]ns'b

8f=ab|Lk|;fb >]i7 dGqL, cy{

g/]Gb|ljqmd zfx dGqL, k//fi6«

wd{axfb'/ yfkf dGqL, u[x, sfg'g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo Joj:yf

uf]/]axfb'/ vkf+uL dGqL, dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfh sNof0f

8f=pk]Gb| b]jsf]6f dGqL, :jf:Yo / lj1fg tyf k|ljlw

gf/fo0f l;+x k'g dGqL, ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f

ab|Lgf/fo0f a:g]t dGqL, e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf / jg tyf e"–;+/If0f

sdnk|;fb rf}nfufO{+ dGqL, >d tyf oftfoft Joj:yf / hg;+Vof tyf jftfj/0f

s'j]/k|;fb zdf{ dGqL ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og

dx]znfn k|wfg dGqL, pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{

bLks 1jfnL dGqL, hn;|f]t

>LdtL cg'/fwf sf]O/fnf ;xfos dGqL, dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f

uf]kn blxt ;xfos dGqL, hg;+Vof tyf jftfj/0f

/ljeQm >]i7 ;xfos dGqL, ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og

hutaxfb'/ u'?ª ;xfos dGqL, pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{

/jLGb| vgfn ;xfos dGqL, lzIff tyf v]ns'b

8f=c;kmL{ zfx ;xfos dGqL, :yfgLo ljsf;

k|sfz lrqsf/ kl/of/ ;xfos dGqL, e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf

/+ut/+u

l;g]df ca stf lt/ <

l;g]df Joj;fodf cem} ;'wf/sf ;+s]t b]lvPsf 5}gg\ . ;]n'NjfO8 rnlrqsf sltko snfsf/x?, k|fljlwsx? tyf lgb]{zsx? km';{bdf b]lvPsf 5g\ . ‘ljt]sf bz} / ltxf/ h:tf eJo rf8sf] cj;/df ;d]t rnlrqx? hDg ;s]gg\ . To;}n] of] g}/fZotf cem} a9\b} uPsf] 5 .’ lgb]{zs tLy{ yfkfn] ‘ljdz{’;+u s'/fsfgL ub}{ eg] . bz}+sf] cj;/ kf/]/ ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf rnlrqx?dWo] ‘a'xf/L’ lkmNdn] pkTosfsf sltko rnlrqx?df %! lbg t dgfof] t/ of] rnlrqn] ;dLIfsx?sf] gh/df eg] k|z+;f sdfpg ;s]g .

clxn] ahf/df cfpg] rnlrqx?sf] ljifoj:t' / syf jfrgsf] z}nL klg l3l;lk6L kf/fdf /x]sf] :jLsfb}{ lgb]{zs gf/fo0f k'/Ln] clns leGg ljifoj:t'df l;g]df lgdf{0f ug{ nfu]sf] jtfPsf 5g\ . o;} ;Gb{enfO{ Ols+t ub}{ lgb]{zs k'/L eG5g\— d}n] ‘g/dfof’ gfdsf] rnlrqnfO{ Pp6f k|of]usf] ?kdf lnPsf] 5' . k'/Lsf cg';f/ ‘g/dfof’ ca zL3| ?kdf 5fof+sgdf hfg]5 .

olta]nf ;'l6ªdf rnlrqx? cToGTo} sd 5g\ . klxNnf] l5dnsf lgb]{zs clgn ;+u|f}nfn] xfn} dfq ‘d]/L Kof/L alxgL’ gfdsf] rnlrq 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . To:t} lgdf{tf z]v/ sf]O/fnfn] /fh]z xdfn / lglvn pk|]tLnfO{ lnP/ lzjzlQm gfdsf] lkmNd agfpg] t/v/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ cfO;s]sf] 5}g t/ klg d}n] lkmNd agfpg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5' . dnfO{ 6]G;g dfq xf]Og ca Jofj;flos ‘l/S;’sf] klg 8/ 5– lgdf{tf sf]O/fnf :ki6;+u eG5g\ . em08} b'O{ bh{g rnlrqx? Nofjdf ylGsPsf] Ps jif{ ljlt;Sbf klg lgdf{tfx? l;g]dfnfO{ xndf n}hfg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . of] g} cj:yfdf ;'wf/ gcfPsf] ;+s]t xf]— Ps lgdf{tf eG5g\ . clxn] 5fof++sgdf ‘ltdL ljgf’ u+uf / n8fO+{ gfdsf hDdf tLgj6f rnlrqx? /x]sf ;dfrf/x? k|fKt ePsf 5g\ . ‘ltdL ljgf’sf lgb]{zs ;'dg ;/sf/ eG5g\— lkmNd rn]gg\ eg]/ lkmNd agfpg} 5f8\g] xf] eg] cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] lkmNd O08i6«L cem} 8'A5 . To;}n] klg xfdLx?n] lkmNd agfpg h?/t 5 . em08} Ps 8]9 jif{cl3;Dd Pp6f lkmNddf clego u/] jfkt b'O{ nfv kfl/>lds lng] :6f/x?n] clxn] ^), &) xhf/df dfq} sfd ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ .

l;g]df If]qsf] of] cj:yfnfO{ a'em]/ g} ofbj v/]n, zDe' k|wfg, /]z/fh cfrfo{, tLy{ yfkf, ab|L clwsf/L h:tf ;]n'NjfO8df sfd ul//x]sf lgb]{zsx? 6]lnl;l/on lt/ df]l8Psf 5g\ .

cy{rqm

;/sf/sf] ;'?d} xfxfsf/

lhDd]jf/ dGqLx?sf] u}/–lhDd]jf/ cleAolQmsf sf/0f ;/sf/ of] ;ftfel/ hgtfn] 7"nf] df/ ;xg' k¥of] . dl§t]n / vfgf ksfpg] UofF;sf] d"No a[l4 x'g' cufj} pkk|wfgdGqL / cy{dGqL b'a}hgfn] d"No a9fpg' kg]{ atfPs} sf/0f b]zAofkL ?kdf hgtf cfxt eP eg] sfnf ahfl/of / t:s/x? /ftf/ft dfnfdfn x'g k'u] . g]kfn cfon lgudn] t]nsf] d"No a[l4 ug{ ;/sf/;+u l;kmfl/; u/] kl5 ;/sf/n] of t tTsfn t]nsf] d"No a9fpg' kYof{], ga9fpg] eP cfon lgudnfO{ cg'bfg lbg] sfd ug'{ kYof]{ . t/ To:tf] ul/Pg . a? pkk|wfgdGqL / cy{dGqL :j+on] lgudnfO{ 3f6fdf rnfpg g;lsg] ePsfn] ;/sf/n] t]nsf] d"No a[l4 ;DaGwdf rf8} lg0f{o ul/g] atfpFb} cfpg' eof] .

pxfFx?n] l5§} lg0f{o ug]{ eg]sf] Ps ;ftf k"/f x'Fbf klg ;/sf/ clg0f{osf] aGbL /x\of] . h'g lbg pkk|wfgdGqL ab|Lk|;fb d08nn] /fxtsf] sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug'{ eof] ToxL lbgb]lv ahf/df dl§t]nsf] xfxfsf/ dlRrof] . of] 36gfdf ;/sf/ g} bf]ifL b]lvof] . dfcf]jfbLn] sflQs @%, @^ / @& ut] g]kfn aGb u/]kl5 cfon lgudn] laqm]tfx?nfO{ @* ut];Dd t]n ljt/0f gu/]sf] ljqm]tfx? atfpF5g\ . lgud ;"q cg';f/, ;/sf/nfO{ t]nsf] d"No a9fpg bjfj lbg] p2]Zon] ljqm]tfx?nfO{ $ lbg;Dd t]n ljt/0f gul/Psf] xf] . Psflt/ dGqLx? g} t]nsf] d"No a[l4 ug'{k5{ eGg] / csf]{lt/ lgudn] t]n ljt/0f gug]{ < o:tf] l:yltdf d"No a[l4 x'G5 eGg] ;+s]t Aofkf/Ln] gkfpg] s'/} ePg . pgLx? klg ePsf] t]n n'sfpg] / lgudaf6 yk t]n lng] tkm{ s]lGb|t x'g yfn] . o;sf] kl/0ffd s]jn lg/Lx pkef]Qmx?df k¥of] . hfgsf/x? eGb5g\ @* ut] g} t]nsf] d"No a[l4 ul/Psf] eP of] l:ylt cfpg] g} lyPg .

;/sf/n] ;dod} t]nsf] d"No a9fpg] jf cg'bfg lbg] eGg] lg0f{o gu/] kl5 t:s/ / sfnfjhfl/ofx?n] cfkm";+u /x]sf] t]n n'sfP . !& ?k}ofF k|ltln6/df kfOg] t]n %) ?k}ofF;Dddf lsGg pkef]Qmfx? jfWo eP .

pkef]Qmf s;/L 7lub}5g\

k]6«f]nkDkdf u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n ljefun] nufPsf] lzn tf]8]/ ld6/df a9L t]n em/]sf] b]lvg] t/ pkef]Qmfsf] ef8f]df sd t]n hfg] u/]sf k|z:t pbfx/0f kfOPsf 5g\ . jfl0fHo ljefun] cg'udgsf qmddf To;/L 7uL ug]{ k]6«f]n kDk dfly sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fPsf] 5 . To;}u/L t]n gfKg], ef8f] s'Rofpg] / pkef]QmfnfO{ sd t]n lbg] y'k|} Aofkf/Lx? sf/jfxLdf k/]sf 5g\ / pgLx?af6 hkmt ul/Psf To:tf t]n gfKg] ef8fx? ljefudf /flvPsf 5g\ .

To:t}, k]6«f]n kDk ;+rfngstf{nfO{ dl§t]n, l8h]n / k]6«f]n ltg} a:t' a]Rg lbPsf] kmfObf p7fP/ clwsf+z Aofkf/Lx?n] l8h]ndf dl§t]n ld;fpg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . of] qmd tLa| ePkl5 jfl0fHo ljefun] Pp6} kDknfO{ dl§t]n, k]6«f]n / l8h]n a]Rg lbg gx'g] k|:tfj dGqfnodf k7fO;s]sf] 5 . ljefun] l8h]n / k]6«f]ndfq k]6«f]n kDk ;+rfnsnfO{ ljqmL ug{ lbOg' kg]{ k|:tfj u/]sf] 5 .

To;}u/L, vfgf ksfpg] UofF;sf l8n/x?n] klg pkef]QmfnfO{ Aofks 7uL ug]{ u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . /lj ejgl:yt EofnL UofF; ;Knfo;{sf ;+rfns k|]dgf/fo0f sdf{rfo{n] cglws[t ?kdf c?nfO{ ;xljqm]tf tf]s]/ sf/f]jf/ u/]sf], sDkgLn] UofF;sf] l;ln08/df nufPsf] lzn tf]8]/ UofF; lgsfNg] / a]Rg] u/]sf] kfOP kl5 pgLdfly sf/jfxL rnfOPsf] 5 . sd tf}nsf * j6f l;ln08/ jfl0fHo ljefun] hkmt u/]/ sfof{nodf pkl:yt x'g k6s–k6s kq k7fpFbf klg pgL clxn];Dd kqmfp k/]sf cfkm\gf l;ln08/ 5'6fpg ;d]t uPsf 5}gg\ .

UofF; l;ln08/af6 UofF; lgsfn]/ csf]{df / csf]{ l;ln08/df /fVg] cf}hf/ ;d]t jfl0fHo ljefun] j/fdb u/]sf] 5 .

sf/jfxL s:tf] b]lvof]

jfl0fHo ljefun] cfly{s aif{ @)%(.^) df !*% j6f sf/jfxL u/]sf] 5 . h;df %@ j6f sf/jfxL dl§t]nsf] ljqmL ljt/0f ;DaGwL 5g\ . To:t} gfktf}n ;DaGwL #), k]6«f]n l8h]n ;DjGwL @%, ;'ky d"No k;n @$, cf}iflw @), UofF; !) /x]sf 5g\ .

xfxfsf/sf] a]nf s] s] eof]

l;6L 6«]lg· k|f=ln= -afnfh'_M dl§t]nsf] kDklt/ hfg] af6f] l;qmLn] a]/]/ /fv]sf], 6\of+sLdf 6Gg t]n x'Fbfx'Fb} t]n 5}g eg]/ pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ dl§t]n ljt/0f gu/]sf]  .

:j+oDe' cfon :6f]/ -:j+oDe'_M dl§t]n 5}g eGb} l8:k]lG;· kDkdf tfnf nufP/ /fv]sf] t]n lng cfpg]nfO{ t]n 5}g eGb} kmsf{Psf] / t]n lng yfgsf]6 uPsf] .

jfl0fHo ljefusf] cg';Gwfg 6f]nLn] 5fkf dfbf{ vfnL ePsf] 6\of+sLdf d]lzg hf]8]sf] dl§t]n el//x]sf @ j6f 6\of+sL tfnf nufO{ /fv]sf] cj:yfdf km]nf kf¥of] .

cg'udg 6f]nLsf cg';f/ tfnf kmf]8]/ x]bf{ 6\of+sLdf %, ^ xhf/ ln6/ dl§t]n /x]sf] kfOof] .

EofnL l/s]6 ;Knfo;{ u}/LufpFM t]n 6\of+sLdf /fVg' kg]{df 8«ddf vGofP/ n'sfPsf] / t]n 5}g eGb} pkef]QmfnfO{ kmsf{pg] u/]sf] .

cfsfz hf]lugL cfon :6f];{ ;fdfsf]zLM s]xL If0f t]n ljt/0f u/]kl5 vfgf vfg hfG5' eGb} kDk aGb u/]/ lx+8]sf] / % 306f;Dd kDk gvf]n]sf] . afl0fHo ljefun] 5fkf df/]/ lsg t]n ga]r]sf] eGg] k|Zg ubf{ klxnf vfgf vfg uPsf] hjfkm lbOof] . ljefusf sd{rf/Ln] vfgf vfg % 306f nfU5 egL k'gM k|Zg u/] kl5 df]6/;fOsn b'3{6gfdf k/]++ . To;}n] l9nf] eof] eGg] hjfkm cfof] . lg/LIf0fdf uPsf sd{rf/L eG5g\ pgsf] df]6/;fOsn x]bf{ b'3{6gfdf k/]sf] ;+s]t klg b]lvPg / rfnsnfO{ st} rf]6 k6s klg nfu]sf] lyPg .

PdkL xf8{j]o/ sLlt{k'/M cg'udg 6f]nLsf dflg;x? k'Ubf dl§t]n 5}g gkTofP e]lzg rnfpg';\ elgof] . d]lzg rnfpFbf t]n cfPg . 6f]nLsf ;b:on] 6\of+sLdf s] 5 x]/f} eGbf vfnL 5 rfjL 5}g eGg] hjfkm lbOof] . cg'udg 6f]nLsf ;b:ox?n] 6\of+sLsf] tfnf kmf]/]/ x]5f}+{ eg] kl5 kDkjfnfn] cfkm}+ rfjL NofP/ lbP . vf]n]/ x]bf{ b'a} 6\of+sLdf 6Gg t]n /x]sf] kfOof] .

u+uf 6«]8;{M klxnf] lbg lgudaf6 !@ xhf/ ln6/ t]n NofPsf], @–# 306f t]n a]r]kl5 ;lsof] eGb} pkef]Qmf kmsf{Psf] cg'udg 6f]nLn] lg/LIf0fsf qmddf sf]7fdf n'sfP/ /flvPsf] !! j6f 8«d km]nf kf¥of] . 8«ddf s] 5 eg]/ ;f]4f df]ljn 5 elgof] t/ 8«d vf]n]kl5 yfxf eof] !! j6} 8«ddf dl§t]nn] el/Psf /x]5g\ .

;ftfsf] :j/

zflGt ;'/Iff ;xh geO{ r'gfj u/fpg ;Dej 5}g / cem} Ps÷b'O{ jif{ zflGt ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt ;xh x'g] cj:yf 5}g .

– k|wfgdGqL, nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb

jt{dfg ;/sf/ /fk|kfsf] ;/sf/ xf]Og . clxn]sf] ;/sf/df /fk|kfsf g]tfnfO{ >L % dxf/fhflw/fhn] k|wfgdGqLsf] lhDd]jf/L aS; ePsf] 5 . xfdL jfWo eP/ of] ;/sf/nfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf 5f}+ . lsgls xfdL k'gM kf6L{ km'6fpg rfxb}gf}+ . t/ klg of] kf6L{sf] ;/sf/ xf]Og .

– /jLGb|gfy zdf{, g]tf, /fk|kf

c;f]h !* ut]sf] zfxL 3f]if0ff lkmtf{ x'g' kb{5 . /fhfn] clwu|x0f u/]sf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ lkmtf{ x'g'kb{5 . rGb ;/sf/ vf/]h x'g'kb{5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !@* sf] dd{ cg';f/ ;+;b\df ePsf /fhgLlts bnx?sf] ;xdltdf dlGqd08nsf] u7g x'g'kb{5 . -lj3l6t ;+;b\sf] k'g:yf{kgf gePsf] cj:yfdf_ To;sf] u7g ePsf] dlGqd08nn] ^ dlxgfleq ;+;b\sf] r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{kb{5 . hgtfsf df}lns clwsf/x? ;d]t @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg cg';f/ k|fKt ;a} clwsf/x?dflysf] lgoGq0f ;dfKt x'g'kb{5 .

– df]xgljqmd l;+x, dxfdGqL g]skf Pstf s]Gb|, d;fn

of] ;ftf

ljxLjf/ sflQs @* ut]

r k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb;+u pxfFsf] sfo{sIfdf g]kfnsf nflu OlhK6sf /fhb"t lgldg ;fb On lbGg c:dfoåf/f lzi6frf/ e]6 .

r dfcf]jfbLåf/f h'Dnf ;b/d'sfd / uf]/vfsf] tfs'sf]6 rf}sLdf eLif0f cfqmd0f, b'a} 7fpFdf u/]/ ^) ;'/IffsdL{sf] d[To' . d[To' x'g]x?df h'Dnfsf k|=lh=c= bfdf]b/ kGt klg . dfcf]jfbLtkm{ klg 7"nf] Iflt .

z'qmjf/

r /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf] t];|f] dxflwj]zg k"j{ lgwf{l/t sfo{qmd eGbf b'O{ lbgkl5 cyf{t\ d+l;/ @^–@* ;Dd kf]v/fdf x'g] .

r rLgdf cfof]hgf x'g] cGt/f{li6«o ko{6g ;Dd]ngdf efu lng k"j{ k|=d= sLlt{gLlw lji6sf] g]t[Tjdf k|f=df]xg nf]xgL / clDjsf >]i7 To;tkm{ k|:yfg .

zlgjf/

r o; jif{sf] z+s/ sf]O/fnf :d[lt k'/:sf/af6 ;flxTosf/ eful/yL >]i7 ;Ddflgt .

r d'Vo ;lrj 8f=ljdn sf]O/fnf ;fdflhs ljsf; ;dfh cgfdgu/åf/f cleglGbt .

r Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwj g]kfn PsxKt] >Ln+sf e|d0fkZrft\ :jb]z lkmtf{ .

r zfxL sbdsf] lj?4 hgdf]rf{ g]kfnåf/f Ps dlxg] lj/f]w sfo{qmdsf] 3f]if0ff .

d+l;/ ! ut] cfOtjf/

r g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf / g]skf Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnaLr ;d;fdlos ljifodf 5nkmn .

r cGt/f{li6«o ck/fw k|x/L ;+u7g -OG6/kf]n_åf/f dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|Lo g]tf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f, dft[sf ofbj / kf]i6axfb'/ jf]u6L lj?4 kqmfp k'hL{ -/]8 sg{/ gf]l6;_ hf/L .

r o; jif{sf] t'n;L–k"0f{eQm k'/:sf/ ufos slj k|]dk|sfz dNnnfO{ k|bfg .

;f]daf/

r >L % af6 k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbsf] æ;NnfxÆdf dGqL kl/ifb\sf] lj:tf/ Pj+ sfo{ ljefhg .

r k|wfgdGqL sfof{nosf ;lrj >LsfGt /]UdLåf/f /fhLgfdf .

d+unaf/

r zfxL 3f]if0ff, dlGqd08n u7g / lj:tf/ nufotsf q'l6 ;Rofpg Pdfn]åf/f /fhfnfO{ Ps dlxg] clN6d]6d .

r g]kfnL sf+u|];åf/f kf6L{leq / aflx/ ;+ljwfg;efsf ;DaGwdf ax; / 5nkmn ug{ g]tf tyf sfo{stf{nfO{ 5'6 .

r cd]l/sfåf/f cfkm\gf] lgof]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/L xTofsf] s8f k|lt/f]w ug]{ r]tfjgL .

a'wjf/

r k"j{ dGqL lr/~hLjL jfUn] e|i6frf/sf] cleof]udf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]uåf/f kqmfp .

r ;/sf/åf/f /f;;sf] jf]8{ cWoIfdf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnosf ;x;lrj xl/k|;fb g]kfn lgo'Qm .

r /fli6«o;efsf ;f+;b\ 8f=Clifafa' kl/of/nfO{ ef/tLo blnt ;flxTo Ps]8]dLåf/f :yflkt 8f=eLd/fj cDa]8s/ a|b/x'8 OG6/g]zgn k'/:sf/ k|bfg .