l;+xb/af/sf] clwsf/ /fhb/af/df ;¥of]
dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{, r'gfjsf] tof/L, dlGqkl/ifb\nfO{ k~rfotsfnLg clwsf/ dfq

z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] u/]sf] cIfDo uNtL, To;k|lt pTkGg gsf/fTds hgefjgf / /fhgLlts bnx?sf] cnf]slk|otfsf] k[i6e"lddf /fhfaf6 c;f]h !* df rflnPsf] sbd ckl/xfo{ dflgPtfklg o;aLrsf 36gfqmdn] d'n's emg\ cGof}n / cGwsf/df km;]sf] 5 . >L % af6 hglgjf{lrt ;/sf/nfO{ avf{:t ubf{ ax'bnLo k4lt / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqk|lt :ki6 k|ltj4tf JoQm ul/Ptf klg d'n'snfO{ ca …;lqmo /fhtGqÚsf] o'udf kmsf{pg] hf]8bf/ k|oTg e}/x]sf] 5 . o;qmddf hgtfnfO{ ;Dk|e" ;fljt ug]{ ;+ljwfgsf wf/fx?nfO{ c:tJo:t t'NofOg'sf ;fy} l;+xb/af/n] kfPsf] clwsf/ /fhb/af/df ;'lDkg] yk sfdx? ePsf 5g\ . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfgn] hgtfsf] 5f]/fnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] clwsf/ /fhfnfO{ ;'lDkPkl5 k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbn] Psb'O{ jif{ r'gfj x'g g;Sg] ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ ePsf] 5.

b]zdf g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& sfod} /x]tf klg ;+ljwfgn] ckl/jt{gLo eg]sf] / ;+/If0f k|bfg u/]sf] k|jGwx? afx]s y'k|} dxTjk"0f{ c+ux? lg:k|f0f ;/x ePsf 5g\ . d'n'ssf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ dlGqd08nsf] lj:tf/ kZrft klg >L % g} lgxLt 5 . oBlk dlGqd8nsf] Ifdtf z+sf:kb g} 5 . dGqLx?sf] pQ/bfloTj klg :ki6 5}g . dlGqd08nnfO{ lgoGq0f ug]{ k|ltlglw;ef lj3l6t cj:yfdf 5 . k|wfgdGqL jf dGqLnfO{ cg'zf;gdf /fVg ;Sg] /fhgLlts bnx? ;Qfdf ;xefuL g} 5}gg\ . :jo+ k|wfgdGqL ;d]t ;DalGwt bnsf] l;kmfl/;df lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf] xf]Og . /f=k|=kf=n] k|wfgdGqLsf] nfdf] cg'go ljgo / jrgkZrft\ ;dy{g hgfP tfklg s'g} klg a]nf ;dy{g lkmtf{ lng c;Dej 5}g . pkk|wfgdGqLsf] klg oxL bzf 5 . k|wfgdGqL / pkk|wfgdGqL h:tf] kbdf lgo'Qm ubf{ ;/f]sf/jfnf kf6L{nfO{ ;d]t ;+s]t;Dd glbO{ lgb{nLo lrGtg cg'?k Jojxf/ ul/g' /x:osf] ljifo ag]sf] lyof] eg] o;aLrdf 36gfqmdn] emg\ bnljxLgtf / cj;/jfbnfO{ k|f]T;flxt u/]sf] 5 . of] k|j[lQn] cg'zf;g / Odfgbf/L a9fpg] eGbf ljs[lt / if8\oGqtkm{ pTk]|l/t ug{ ;Qm5 . /fhf Pp6f JolQmdfq ge} ;+:yf ePsf x'gfn] cGo c+u / ;+:yfx?sf] cg'kl:yltdf dGqLx? >L % dxf/fhflw/fhk|lt pQ/bfoL x'g'kg]{ :ki6 Joj:yf x'g' cfjZos 5 . clwsf/ gePsf] lgsfok|lt sf]xL klg pQ/bfoL x'Fb}g . ;DejtM oxL sf/0fn] >L % af6 sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ :jo+df g} /flvaS;]sf] 5 . t/ k|wfgdGqL / dGqLx? k|wfgdGqLsf] lgo'lQm x'gf;fy sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ dlGqd08ndf cfPsf] bfjL ul//x]sf 5g\ . b]zdf clxn] /fhfn] h] af]Nof] ToxL sfg'g dflgg] cj:yf 5 . o; l:yltdf >L % af6 sfo{sf/L clwsf/ dlGqd08nnfO{ ;'lDkPsf] 3f]if0ff g} ge} k|wfgdGqL / dGqLx?n] To:tf] bfjL ugf{n] emg\ e|d pTkGg ePsf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL / dGqLx? Psflt/ /fHosf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ >L % af6 cfkm"x?n] :jtM k|fKt u/]sf] bfjL ul//x]sf 5g\ eg] csf{lt/ ljut !@ jif{b]lv dlGqkl/ifb\nfO{ k|fKt clwsf/ >L % df ck{0f ul/Psf] 5 . of] sfd k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbsf] dfWodaf6 sl/a Ps dlxgf cufl8 g} leqleq} ;DkGg e};s]sf] z+sfn] k'i6L kfPsf] 5 . dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lj:tf/df /fhgLlts bnx? klg ;dfj]z x'g] ;Defjgf /x]sf]n] of] lj:tf/ eGbf klxn] g} -sflt{s !! ut]_ dlGqkl/ifb\sf] k|d'v clwsf/ /fhfsf xftdf ;'lDkg sfo{ ;Dkfbg lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] 5 . of] lg0f{o o:tf] dlGqkl/ifb\n] u¥of] h;df s'g} /fhg}lts kf6L{sf] ;+nUgtf lyPg, h;df dlGqkl/ifb\sf] a}7s ;~rfngsf] cg'ej klg lyPg / dlGqkl/ifb\sf clwsf+z ;b:on] cfkm"nfO{ lgo'Qm ubf{ /fhfaf6 x's'd ePsf s'/fx? afx]s clwsf/sf dfdnfdf s'g} hfgsf/L klg /fv]sf lyPgg\ . ( ;b:oLo pQm dlGqkl/ifb\df & hgf dfq Sofljg]6 dGqL lyP h;dWo] k|wfgdGqL afx]s clxn];Dd sf]xL klg dGqL ePsf lyPgg\ . Tof] kl/l:yltdf a;]sf] dlGqd08nsf] a}7sn] ca pk|fGt u[x, cy{, k//fi6«, /Iff;lxt / k|zf;gsf dxTjk"0f{ ljifodf s'g} lg0f{o ug'{cl3 >L % sf] k"j{ ;xdlt lng' kg]{ lg0f{o u¥of] . pQm a}7sn] k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgfkZrft\ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] g]t[Tjsf] cGtl/d ;/sf/n] k~rfotsfnLg gLltnfO{ vf/]h u/]/ lgdf{0f u/]sf] æ>L % sf] ;/sf/ sfo{ ;Dkfbg lgodfjnL @)$&ÆnfO{ ;+zf]wg ub}{ ca pk|fGt ;/sf/sf] ljlzi7 >]0fLsf kbx? -;lrjx?_ zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L, /fli6«o cg';Gwfg ljefu / To;l;t ;DalGwt kb ;[hgf, lgo'lQm, ;?jf, a9'jf /fhLgfdf / ;hfo cflb ljifodf s'g} lg0f{o ug'{ cl3 dlGqkl/ifb\n] >L % df hfx]/ ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . k~rfotsfndf klg nueu o:t} Joj:yf lyof] .

ljZj:t ;"q cg';f/, pQm dGqL kl/ifb\sf] a}7sn] u/]sf] lg0f{odf :ki6 zAbdf lgDg ljifodf dlGqkl/ifb\df s'g} k|:tfj k]z x'g' cufl8 k|wfgdGqLn] >L % df hfx]/ ug'{kg]{ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5– -s_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd /fhkqf+lst ljlzi7 >]0fLdf lgo'lQm, ;?jf, a9'jf, -v_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd k|x/L gfoj dxflg/LIfsb]lv dflysf kb ;[hgf, ;?jf, a9'jf, /fhLgfdf, -u_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd lgo'Qm, ;?jf, a9'jf x'g] /fhkqf+lst ljlzi7 >]0fLsf] JolQmx?nfO{ lbg] ;hfo, -3_ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd ;z:q k|x/L gfoj lg/LIfs jf ;f] ;/x / ;f]eGbf dflysf kb ;[hgf, ;?jf, a9'jf jf /fhLgfdf, -ª_ ;z:q gfos dxflg/LIfs jf ;f] ;/x / ;f] eGbf dflysf kbwf/sx?nfO{ lbg] ;hfo, -r_ dxf;]gfgL jf ;f] ;/x / ;f] eGbf dflysf clws[tx? -k|wfg;]gfklt afx]s_ kb ;[hgf ;?jf, a9'jf, -5_ dxf;]gfgL jf ;f] ;/x / ;f]eGbf dflysf clws[tx? -k|wfg;]gfklt afx]s_nfO{ ;hfo, -h_ zfxL g]kfnL ;}lgs sfof{no :yfkgf–:yfgfGt/0f jf vf/]hL, -em_ ;z:q k|x/L an sfof{no :yfkgf :yfgfGt/0f / vf/]hL, -`_ zflGt ;]gf jf o:t} sfo{df ;]gf v6fpg] sfo{ . -6_ ljb]zL /fi6« jf ;/sf/;+u x'g] ;lGw ;+emf}tf ;DaGwL ljifo, -7_ ljb]zL ;/sf/ cGt/f{li6«o ;+3;+:yf;+u x'g] ;+emf}tf / j}b]lzs ;xfotf k|fKt ug]{ ;DaGwL ljifo, -8_ ;/sf/L ;DklQ bfgbftJo x:tfGt/0f / j]rljvg .

>L % sf] ;/sf/sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg lgodfjnLsf] of] ;+zf]wgn] s] klg :ki6 u/]sf] 5 eg] b]zdf hglgjf{lrt ;/sf/ u7g eP;Dd /fhfsf] /fh;Qf >L % :jo+af6 ;DxfnLaS;g] 5 . dgf]gLt ;/sf/nfO{ sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ ;'Dkg] /fhfsf] OR5f b]lvGg . o;sf] ;+s]t /fhfaf6 dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lj:tf/sf] ;Gbe{df klg aS;]sf] 5 . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& cg';f/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf] k'gu{7g k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df x'G5 . t/ /fhfaf6 of] dlGqd08nsf] lj:tf/ ubf{ k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/; dfluaS;]sf] jf k|wfgdGqLn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] st} pNn]v 5}g . /fhb/af/af6 oxL b'O{ ut] hf/L lj1lKt cg';f/ df};"kmaf6 k|wfgdGqLsf] æ;NnfxÆdf dlGqd08nsf] lj:tf/ ul/aS;]sf] xf] . cyf{t\ o;sf] cy{ xf] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lj:tf/ k|wfgdGqLsf] cu|;/tf jf OR5fdf ePsf] xf]Og . k|wfgdGqLn] /fhfsf] OR5f / lgZrok|lt ;xdltsf] zL/ lgx'¥ofpg' ePsf] dfq xf] . hfgsf/ ;"q cg';f/, gjlgo'Qm dGqLx?dWo] clwsf+z;+u k|wfgdGqLsf] ;fdfGo kl/ro ;d]t lyPg . >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] lgodfjnLsf] ;+zf]wg tyf To;kl5 dlGqkl/ifb lj:tf/sf] qmddf ckgfOPsf] k|s[ofn] s] klg :ki6 u5{ eg] of] dlGqd08nnfO{ /fhfsf] ;lqmo g]t[Tjdf ;~rflnt k~rfotsfnLg dlGqd08neGbf a9L clwsf/ 5}g . kf6L{x? v'nf ePsf] / k|]; :jtGqtf sfod /x]sf] cj:yfdf /fhfdf olt a9L clwsf/ x'Fbf /fh;+:yf dfly w]/} cfIf]k / cfnf]rgf cfpg ;Qm5 . o:t} sbdn] /fh;+:yfsf] ul/df / ;Ddfgdf gsf/fTds k|efj klg kfg{ ;Qm5 .

o;}aLr k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbn] rf8} r'gfj ug{ ;Sg] l:ylt g/x]sf] atfpFb} r'gfjsf nflu zflGt ;'/Iffsf] jftfj/0f clt cfjZos ePsf] / To;sf nflu Ps, b'O{ jif{;Dd nfUg ;Sg] hfgsf/L lbPkl5 emg\ cGof}n pTkGg ePsf] 5 . clxn];Dd ;/sf/n] zflGt ;'/Iff sfod u/L dfcf]jfbLl;t jftf{ ug]{ / lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug]{ lbzfdf s'g} 7f]; sbd grfn]sf] x'gfn] b/af/n] cfkm\gf] xftdf zlQm lngsf nflu ;'lgof]lht ?kdf of] ;+j}wflgs ;+s6 ;[hgf u/]sf] t xf]Og eGg] z+sf Jofks x'Fb} uPsf] 5 .

cfGbf]ngsf] tof/L

c;f]h !* ut]sf] zfxL 3f]if0ffaf6 s'l07t hgtfsf k|hftflGqs xs / clwsf/sf] jxfnLsf nflu g]kfnL sf+u|]; cfGbf]ngdf plqg] ePsf] 5 . kf6L{ ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf hgr]tgf cleofg cGt/ut sf+u|];n] cfkm\gf ( j6} eft[ ;+u7gnfO{ ;8sdf cf]/fNg] ePsf] 5 . oxL d+l;/ !) ut] d'n'ssf ( j6f k|d'v zx/df ( j6} eft[ ;+u7gsf] cfof]hgfdf ;+o'Qm cfd;efsf] cfof]hgf u/L cfGbf]ngsf efjL sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs ul/g] ePsf 5g\ .

g]kfnL sf+u|]; s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf cg';f/, !) ut] g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf sf7df8f}+sf] j;Gtk'/df j[xt\ cfd;ef cfof]hgf x'g]5 . pQm cfd;efnfO{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ x'g]5 .

æzfxL 3f]if0ffsf] lj/f]w u/f}+Æ, æk|hftGqsf nflu gofF cfGbf]ngsf] z+v3f]if u/f}+Æ eGg] gf/fsf;fy ;'? x'g] ;f] cfd;efaf6} k|hftGqsf] kIfdf gofF k|hftflGqs

?kdf x:tfIf/ cleog k|f/De ug]{ g]lj;+3n] hgfPsf] 5  .

;f] cfd;efnfO{ ;kmn t'Nofpg lxh}b]lv k|rf/k|;f/ cleofg cf/De ul/Psf] 5 . To;qmddf ef]ln d+l;/ & ut] zlgaf/ Ps}lbg Ps} ;do dWofGx !@ ah] !$ j6} c~rnsf e]nfx? sf7df8f}+sf ljleGg SofDk;x?df cfof]hgf ul/b}5g\ .

;+3sf cg';f/ d]rLsf] g]kfn sdz{ Sof=ldgejgdf, sf]zLsf] kb\dsGof SofDk; afuahf/df, ;u/dfyf / s0ff{nL c~rnsf] cf/=cf/=SofDk; k|bz{gLdfu{df, hgsk'/sf] kz'klt SofDk; rfjlxndf, gf/fo0fLsf] cd[t SofDk; 7d]ndf, afudtLsf] ;/:jtL SofDk; 7d]ndf, u08sL / wjnflu/L c~rnsf] jfNdLls SofDk; k|bz{gLdfu{df, n'lDjgLsf] z+s/b]j SofDk;df, /fKtL / e]/L c~rnsf] kf6g ;+o'Qm SofDk; kf6g9f]sfdf, ;]tL / dxfsfnLsf] g]kfn SofDk; ldgejgdf e]nf x'g] sfo{qmd 5 .

To;}u/L, !) ut] g]kfn 6«]8 o'lgog sf+u|];sf] cfof]hgfdf g]kfnu~hdf x'g] cfd;efnfO{ dxfdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnf, g]kfn t?0f bnsf] cfof]hgfdf aL/u~hdf x'g] cfd;efnfO{ sf]iffWoIf dxGy 7fs'/, g]kfn ls;fg ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf hgsk'/df x'g] cfd;efnfO{ ;xdxfdGqL uf]ljGb/fh hf]zL, k|hftGq ;]gfgL ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf lrtjgdf x'g] cfd;efnfO{ g]tf Pj+ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /fdrGb| kf}8]n, g]kfn cflbjf;L hghflt ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf emfkfdf x'g] cfd;efnfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o anaxfb'/ /fO{, g]kfn dlxnf ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf la/f6gu/df x'g] cfd;efnfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 8f=/fdz/0f dxt, g]kfn blnt ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf l;/fxfdf x'g] cfd;efnfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 8f=/fda/0f ofbj / g]kfn e"tk"j{ ;}lgs ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf kf]v/fdf x'g] cfd;efnfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o bLnaxfb'/ 3tL{n] ;Daf]wg ug'{ x'g]5 .

To;}u/L, g]kfn k|fWofks ;+3n] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno / dx]Gb| ;+:s[t ljZjljBfno k|zf;g;+u /fv]sf] z}lIfs dfu k"/f gePsf] atfpFb} cfhb]lv bf];|f] r/0fsf] cfGbf]ng ;'? u/]sf] 5 . ;+3sf ;lrj zflGts[i0f clwsf/Ln] hf/L ug'{ ePsf] jQmJodf cfh g]kfn k|fWofks ;+3 lqe'jg ljZjljBfno / dx]Gb| ;+:s[t ljZjljBfno ;ldltsf] k"0f{ a}7s a:g], * ut] ljxfg !! ah]b]lv ck/fGx ! ah];Dd dx]Gb| ;+:s[t ljZjljBfno ;Dks{ sfof{no a;Gtk'/df wgf{ a:g], d+l;/ ( ut] ljxfg !) ah]b]lv @ ah];Dd lq=lj=s]Gb|Lo sfof{no sLlt{k'/df wgf{ lbg], d+l;/ * b]lv !% ut];Dd k|To]s SofDk;df OsfO{ ;efkltsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ;Gt'lnt ;+3if{ ;ldlt u7g ug]{, d+l;/ !* ut] k|To]s SofDk;sf ;+3if{ ;ldltn] k|fWofksx? e]nf u/L la/f]w ;ef cfof]hgf ug]{, d+l;/ @# ut] lzIff dGqLnfO{ 1fkgkq lbg], d+l;/ @^ ut] ;Dk"0f{ SofDk;x?df sIffx? alxisf/ ug]{, d+l;/ @( ut] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 1fkgkq lbg] / k'; @ b]lv * ut];Dd s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglwsf] pkl:yltdf sf7df8f}+, la/f6gu/, hgsk'/, lrtjg, aL/u~h, kf]v/f, g]kfnu~h / dx]Gb|gu/df k|fWofksx?sf] e]nf u/L lj/f]w ;efsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ sfo{qmd to ul/Psf] 5 .

Pdfn] / hgdf]rf{

g]skf Pdfn]]n] klg zfxL 3f]if0ff lj?4 d+l;/ # ut] b]zJofkL ?kdf Ps dlxg] hgr]tgf sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L, hgdf]rf{ g]kfn klg zfxL 3f]if0ff lj?4 oxL d+l;/ ! ut]b]lv cfGbf]ngdf cf]ln{Psf] 5 . o; qmddf lxhf]b]lv sf]0f;ef / krf{ ljt/0f sfo{ e}/x]sf] 5 . of] sfo{qmd !) ut];Dd hf/L /xg] 5 . ;f] kf6L{sf cg';f/ d+l;/ * ut] /fhwfgLdf j[xt\ cGt/lqmofsf] cfof]hgf ul/g]5 eg] !! ut] /fhwfgL / lhNnf ;b/d'sfdsf gfsfx?df a]n'sL # ah]b]lv $ ah];Dd ;8sdf wgf{ lbg], !^ ut] @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg / hgcfGbf]ngsf] pknlAw vf]O{ < eGb} b]zAofkL ?kdf d}gaQL, nfnl6g, h'n'; ug]{, @# ut] b]zAofkL bf}8 h'n'; ug]{, @^ ut] /fhwfgLdf dzfn h'n'; ug]{, k'; ! ut] b]zAofkL ?kdf lhNnf :t/Lo hgk|bz{g ug]{ / k'; & ut] sf7df8f}+df ljzfn hg;ef ul/g] ePsf] 5 .

hgtf stf 5g\ <

xl/x/ lj/xL

hgtfnfO{ clxn] ;a}n] v]nf}gf agfPsf 5g\ . ;fdGtL ;+:sf/ / clwgfosjfbL ;f]r ePsfx? hgtfnfO{ d"v{ / cfkm\gf] …;fwgÚ 7flg/x]sf 5g\ eg] hgtfsf] b'xfO{ lbP/ ;Qf / ;+;b\df k'u]sfx? hgefjgf cg's"n sfd gu/] klg hgtf cfkm\g} ;fy /x]sf] bfjL ul//x]sf 5g\ . hgtf /fhfsf sbdx?af6 v'zL 5g\ ls ?i6 5g\ < /fhfaf6 s] ePsf] xf] eGg] s'/f hgtfn] slt a'em]sf 5g\ < /fhfaf6 rflnPsf sbdx?sf] /fhgLlts cy{, cfzo / uGtJo s] xf] eGg] jf:tljstf Odfgbf/Lk"j{s hgtfnfO{ atfpg' k5{ . /fhgLlts bnx?n] hgtfsf] ;dy{g / ljZjf; xfl;n ug{sf nflu cfkm\gf] lqmofsnfksf] lx;fj lstfj a'emfpFb} eljiodf To:tf] j]OdfgL gug]{ s;d vfg'k5{ . cGoyf g]tfx?n] eg]sf ;a} s'/f hgtfn] kTofpg] 5}gg\ .

jt{dfg kl/k|]Iodf b]zsf k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx?— g]kfnL sf+u|]; / g]skf Pdfn]—n] hgtfaLr hfg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . hgtfdfly ljZjf;sf] cleJolQm xf] of] . hgk|ltlglw ;ef gePsf] ca:yfdf ax'bnLo Joj:yfdf /fhgLlts k|;+udf /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ g} hgzlQmsf] k|ltlglw dfGg] ul/G5 . s'g} bnn] gofF hgfb]z k|fKt ug]{ l:ylt geP;Dd k'/fgf] hgfb]znfO{ g} dfGotf lbO{ cfjZos sfo{ ;+rfng ug]{ k|rng klg 5 . Pdfn]nfO{ clxn] r'gfj eP cfkm"n] ;lhn} lhTg] ljZjf; lyof] . t/ p;sf] of] ljZjf; p;sf gLlt / sfo{qmdn] eGbf sf+u|];sf] sdhf]/Ln] ubf{ a9]sf] xf] . sf+u|]; ;/sf/n] hgtfsf] dtsf] k|foM slxNo} ;Ddfg u/]g . hgtfsf] cd"No dtsf] /Iff ug{ ;s]g — hgtfn] k6sk6s kfFr jif{ PSn} sfd ug]{ df}sf lb+bf klg slxNo} k"/f ;do sfd u/]g . cfkm\gf] ;/sf/nfO{ cfkm}+n] 9fn], cfkm\gf] ax'dt ePsf] a]nf k|ltlglw;ef g} lj36g ul/lbP . ;Qfdf uPsf] a]nf hgtfsf] lxt / efjgfnfO{ k6Ss} k|fyldstf lbPgg\ . tnb]lv dfly;Dd e|i6frf/ . lhNnf ;ldltb]lv s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt;Ddsf] u7gdf, l6s6 ljt/0fb]lv dGqLx?sf] rog;Dddf gftfjfb, s[kfjfb . 8L=jL=nfdf h:tfnfO{ Pp6f g]tfn] l6s6 lbP, csf]{ g]tfn] dGqL agfO lbP . sf]O/fnfsf dGqLx?n] e|i6frf/ u/]sf]df e§/fO{n] lj/f]w ug'{eof], t/ e§/fO{ k|wfgdGqL ePkl5 pgLx?nfO{ emg\ a9L e|i6frf/ x'g] dGqfno ;'DkL lbg' eof] . bf];|f] k':tfsf] g]t[Tj bnLo dfGotf cg';f/ rNg] / kf/bzL{ x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] lyof] . t/ bf];|f] k':tfsf] g]t[Tj t emg\ nfn' ofbjsf] z}nL ckgfof] . Toltdfq x}g p;n] kf6L{ g} kmf]¥of] / k|hftGq ;d]t cGt} a'emfOlbof] . g]tfx?n] kf6L{ ;+u7g jf ;/sf/df e|i6, cIfd / cg}lts JolQmx?nfO{ slxNo} lg?T;flxt u/]gg\ . cfkm\gf cGweQmx? afx]s s;}nfO{ cfkm\gf] 7fg]gg\ / JolQm / u'6eGbf kf6L{, k|hftGq Pj+ l;4fGtnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg]nfO{ ljZjf; u/]gg\ sf+u|]; kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj / ;/sf/sf lqmofsnfkn] ‘d g} /fHo x'F’ eGg] dfgl;stfaf6 d'Qm x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . b]zsf] ;a}eGbf ;+3if{zLn / k|hftGqjfbL kf6L{df o;aLr o:tf s}of}+ ljs[lt / lj;+ult ljsl;t eP, h;n] ubf{ To; kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjsf] g}lts a}wtfdfly klg k|Zg lrGx nfu]sf] 5 . pQm kf6L{leq dfq x}g k|hftGq / l;+uf] /fi6«df g} gsf/fTds k|efj k¥of] . d'n's / k|hftGqnfO{ ;+s6df kfg]{ jt{dfg 36gfqmdsf] nflu ;d]t s'g} g s'g} ?kdf g]sf klg lhDd]bf/ 5 . k|ltlglw;efsf] lj36g s'g} kf6L{sf] bafadf ePsf] xf]Og . k|ltlglw;efn] ;/sf/sf] af6f]df cj/f]w t]:of{Psf], ;+;b\ rNg g;s]sf], ;/sf/ lj?4 cljZjf; k|:tfj cfPsf], ljZjf;sf] dt xfl;n ug{ g;s]sf], ;/sf/sf] ljw]os jf k|:tfj c:jLs[t ePsf]– k|foM ;+;b\ lj36g / dWofjlw r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff ul/g] o:tf s'g} 36gf ePsf lyPgg\ . kmut sf+u|];n] cfkm\gf] cfGtl/s åGåsf] Joj:yfkg ug{ g;s]sfn] g} of] b'3{6gf ePsf] xf] . o;sf] g}lts lhDd]bf/Laf6 sf+u|]; s;/L d'Qm x'g ;S5 < hgtfsf] cbfntdf sf+u|]; klg cleo'Qm ag]sf] 5 . t;y{

sf+u|];n] cfkm\gf sdhf]/Lx? :jLsfb}{ eljiodf o:tf k|j[lQ / 36gf gbf]xf]l/g] ljZjf; hgtfnfO{ lbnfpg' kb{5 . sf+u|];df v'nfkg ePsfn] To;leqsf s'g} s'/f n'Sb}gg\ . ;a} tYox? ;fj{hlgs x'g] xf] eg] sf+u|];eGbf Pdfn] leq a9L ljs[lt, lj;+ult, cGofo / cgfrf/ ePsf] klg x'g ;S5 . hgtf / k|hftGqk|ltsf] lhDd]bf/L Odfgbf/L / b[9tf;fy lgjf{x ug{ Pdfn] klg ;kmn ePg . hgtfaLr hfg] xf] eg] Pdfn] klg plDsg ;lhnf] 5}g . c?nfO{ ‘sfn]’ eGg]n] klxn] cfkm\gf] cg'xf/ x]g'{k5{ . sf+u|];sf] cfnf]rgf ub}{df Pdfn] ;kmn x'g ;Qm}g . ax'bnLo k4lt g?rfpg]x?n] sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf] lqmofsnfk cf}+NofP/ o; k|0ffnLk|lt g} ljt[i0ff pTkGg u/fpg] cleofg rnfPsf 5g\ . To;}n] sf+u|]; / Pdfn] ;fFRr} g} hgtfaLr hfg rfx]sf x'g\ eg] pgLx?nfO{ em'Sofpg x}g efjL sfo{qmd / k|ltj4tf ;d]t lnP/ hfg' kb{5 .

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ‘hgdt lgdf{0f’ cleofg / Pdfn]sf] ‘hg ;+r]tgf’ sfo{qmd !* c;f]hsf] zfxL 3f]if0ff / /fhfsf To;kl5sf sbdsf] ;]/f]km]/f]df s]lGb|t 5 . of] sfo{qmd tTsfnsf] 36gfsf] k|ltlqmof dfq xf] . of] gf/fn] dfq hgtf ;Gt'i6 x'g] 5}gg\ . zfxL sbdsf] lj/f]wn] dfq ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg x'g ;Qm}g . b]zsf d'Vo ;d:of / ;+s6af/] k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx? :ki6tf;fy cl3 ;g'{ kb{5 . ca d'Vo ;d:ofsf] ls6fg u/]/ Ph]08f ;lxt hg;dIf hfg' kb{5 . clxn]sf] d'Vo ;d:of dfcf]jfbLx? / ltgn] >[hgf u/]sf lx+;f, cft+s xf] . sf+u|];–Pdfn] b'a}n] of] d'2fsf] uDeL/ cWoog / cg';Gwfg ul/;s]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] lgisif{ s] xf] < sf+u|]; / Pdfn] g]tfx?n] cfkm\gf] tfTsfnLg :jfy{sf nflu dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ v]Ng] df}sf lbPsf] Pj+ pgLx?nfO{ lgoGq0f ug]{ / ;d:of ;'Nemfpg] sfddf Odfgbf/L;fy gnfu]sf] hgwf/0ff 5 . dfcf]jfbLx?n] k|x/L / ;}lgsx?eGbf sf+u|]; / Pdfn]s} sfo{stf{nfO{ a9L b'Mv lbPsf 5g\ . kf6L{ / ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ 7f]; sbd rfNg g;s]sf]df cfkm\g} sfo{stf{x?sf] cfnf]rgf v]Kg' kl//x]sf] 5 . To;}n] oL bnn] ca of] dfdnf ;'Nemfpg' cfkm\gf] ;'emfj ;lxt ;/sf/nfO{ bjfj lbg' kb{5 eg] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ klg af6f] b]vfpg' kb{5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] /rgfTds zlQmnfO{ hgclwsf/sf] axfnL Pj+ /fli6«otfsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fdf pkof]u ug{ ;s]df cjZo s]xL pknlAw x'g ;S5 . sf+u|]; / Pdfn]n] hgtfnfO{ ;+s6af6 d'Qm ug]{ tyf k|hftGqsf] /Iff ug]{eGbf ;Qf–:jfy{nfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] cf/f]k em'7\7f eP tfklg e|dsf] v]tL hf/L g} 5 . g]tfx?sf ljutsf lqmofsnfkn] ubf{ o:tf] em"7f k|rf/nfO{ klg s;}s;}n] ;fFrf] 7fGg ;S5g\ . lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf kl5Nnf] k6s lsg k|wfgdGqL aGg' k/]sf] lyof] < ;/sf/ ;+rfng ug{ g;s]kl5 e§/fO{n] :j]R5fn] kf6L{leqs} c?nfO{ ;Qf ;'lDklbPsf] eP s] ljlu|GYof] < b]pjfn] k|ltlglw;ef lj36g ug]{ unt lg0f{o u/]df kf6L{leq cfTdfnf]rgf u/]sf] eP dfq klg d'n's cjZo of] ;+s6df kg]{ lyPg . To:t}, /fhfn] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ cfkm"n] lnO{ /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ kf7 l;sfpg] ;+s]t lbO;s]kl5 klg Pdfn]sf g]tfx? ;Qfdf hfg vf]h]sf] b]v]kl5 hgtfn] pgLx?sf] lgotdf z+sf ug'{ c:jfefljs x'Fb}g . hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL g]tfx?n] hgtfnfO{ :ki6Ls/0f lbg} k5{ . o:tf cg]s uNtL ubf{ ub}{ klg hgtfaLr hfg] lgisif{df k'Ug' /fhgLlts bnx? cfTdljZjf; / hgtfk|lt e/f]iffsf] k|df0f xf] . cfkm"x?k|lt hgtf ?i6 ePsf] yfxf eP/ klg /fhzlQm / hgzlQmaLr åGå x'Fbf hgtfsf] kIfdf pleP/ k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx?n] jf:tljs hgk|ltlglwsf] bfloTj lgjf{x u/]sf 5g\ . clxn] /fhgLlts bnx? s7Lg clUg k/LIffaf6 u'lh|/x]sf 5g\ . s'g bnleq s:tf] lgot / k|a[lQsf] jr{:j tyf s;n] s;nfO{ ;fy lbG5 eGg] oyfy{ o:t} ;+s6sf] a]nf pb\3fl6t x'G5 . s'g} klg bn, ;+:yf / JolQmsf] k|ltj4tf / lgi7fsf] k/LIf0f o:t} a]nfdf x'G5 . ;a} /fhgLlts bnx?n] hgtfsf] ljZjf; u'dfPsf] sf/0fn] g} >L % af6 bnsf df+u bafj / bDenfO{ pk]Iff ul/jS;]sf] x'g ;S5 . t/ cgf}7f] s'/f s] 5 eg] hgtfsf] ljZjf;sf] s'/f tL JolQm ul//x]sf 5g\, hf] slxNo} hgtfaLr xs lxtsf] s'/f slxNo} hgtfaLr uPgg\ jf hfg' kb}{g . hgtfsf] xslxtsf] s'/f clxn] tL JolQmx? rsf]{ :j/df ul//x]sf 5g\, hf] slxNo} klg hgtfnfO{ ;fj{ef}d;Qf lbg] kIfdf /x]gg\ .

/fhfsf ;f/yL ls k|hftGqsf dnfdL <

clxn]sf] dlGqkl/ifb\ slt sfo{sf/L /x]5 eGg] xfn} ePsf] o;sf] lj:tf/df ckgfOPsf] k|s[ofn] g} b]vfPsf] 5 . k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgfsf !@ jif{kl5 klxnf] k6s dlGqkl/ifb\ lj:tf/sf nflu k|wfgdGqL ‘;Nnfx’ dfq lbg] x}l;otdf kl/0ft eP . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfgdf k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df To;f] ul/g] Joj:yf 5 . t/ df};"km ;/sf/af6 of] k6s k|wfgdGqLsf] ;Nnfxdf To;f] ul/alS;Psf] 5 . ;Nnfx / l;kmfl/; eGg] b'O{ zAbdf cfwf/e"t leGgtf /x]sf] lj1x? atfpF5g\ . ;Nnfx eg]sf] lbg] JolQmn] h:tf] lbP klg To;nfO{ dfGg' kg]{ jfWotf x'Fb}g . :ki6 5, of] gdfg] klg x'G5 . t/ ljlwjt / ;+:yfut ?kdf l;kmfl/; dfGg}k5{ . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #^-#_ df elgPsf] 5— >L % af6 k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df ;+;b\sf ;b:ox?dWo]af6 cfjZostf cg';f/ pkk|wfgdGqL / cGo dGqLx? lgo'Qm ul/aS;g] 5 . ut ;f]daf/ dlGqkl/ifb\ lj:tf/ ul/bf /fhb/af/ ;Djfb ;lrjfnosf] lj1lKtdf rflx+ ‘k|wfgdGqLsf] ;Nnfxdf’ eGg] pNn]v ePsf] 5 . of] ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfgafx]s lj:tfl/t dlGqkl/ifb\sf cg'xf/n] klg o;n] b]zsf] /fhgLltnfO{ Pp6f lgsf; lbg]eGbf cj;/jfb k|f]T;fxg ug]{ a9L ;Defjgf b]vfPsf] 5 . o;df ;dfj]z ul/Psf vf;u/L /fhgLlts If]qsf dflgPsf JolQmx?sf] ljutn] g} ;f] s'/f k'i6L ub{5 . lj:tf/ ePsf] s]xL lbgleq} dlGqkl/ifb\sf ;b:ox?sf] JolQm lkR5] ;fj{hlgs e}/x]sf cleJolQmx?n] klg ToxL s'/f b]vfpF5 . lj:tfl/t dlGqkl/ifb\df ;fd]n u/fOPsf JolQmsf ljut s]nfOof] eg] o:tf] kfOg] 5 .

jfdkGyL k[i7e"ldaf6 NofOg' ePsf b]jLk|;fb cf]emf pxfFsf] kf6L{ -tTsfnLg dfn]_n] ;'ljwfef]uL eg]/ lgisf;g u/]sfdWo]df kg'{x'G5 . pxfFsf] kf6L{n] eG;f/ ;'ljwfdf k|fKt df]6/ lkmtf{ ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] . cf]emfn] To;sf] k"/} cj1f ug'{ eof] / lgisfl;t x'g'eof] . To;}a]nfb]lv pxfF :jtGq jfdkGyL egL cfkm"nfO{ lrgfpFb} cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFnfO{ Pdfn] / dfn]n] ;f+;b\, dGqL / k|d'v ;r]ts;Dd agfof] . t/ kl5 pxfFn] b'O{ j6} kf6L{ TofUg' eof] . dfn] kl5 Pdfn]df k'gld{ng eof] . pxfF rflx+ kmls{g' ePg . csf{ jfdkGyL k[i7e"ld ePsf sdn rf}nfufO{+sf] /fhgLlt k|j]z d;fnaf6 ePsf] lyof] . Tof] kf6L{nfO{ 5f8]/ pxfF Pstf s]Gb|df cfpg' eof] . Pstf s]Gb| 5f8]/ pxfF Pdfn] k|j]z ug'{eof] . Pdfn]af6 km]l/ pxfF dfn] x'g'eof] / s]xL jif{kl5 km]l/ pxfF Pdfn]d} hfg'eof] . pxfF ljleGg Jofkf/x?df ;+nUg clt dxTjsf+IfL dflgg'x'G5 . pgsf] Tof] sdhf]/L yfxf kfPsf b]jLk|;fb cf]emfn] pgnfO{ kf6L{ 5f8]df dGqL aGg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] atfpFb} k|wfgdGqL rGbl;t uf]Ko jftf{ u/fOlbPkl5 pgn] Pdfn]nfO{ l;4fGt / gLltaf6 ljrlnt ePsf] kf6L{ egL bn kl/Tofu u/]sf x'g\ . s'j]/k|;fb zdf{ cfkm"n] lgs} kl/>d / k};f nufgL u/]sf] g]kfnL sf+u|];df w]/} l6Sg ;Sg' ePg . pxfF hGdhft g} k|hftGqjfbL xf] . pxfF af}l4s JolQmTjsf] ?kdf klg :yflkt x'g'x'GYof] . sf+u|];n] pxfFnfO{ ;+f;b / s]Gb|Lo ;b:o;Dd agfof] . t/ ;fwf/0f s'/fdf rf]6 nfUgf;fy pxfFn] sf+u|]; kl/Tofu u/L cs}{ kf6L{ -xl/ofnL_ agfpg' eof] . pxfF cfkm\g} kf6L{sf] ;/sf/n] NofPsf] zfxL ;Daf]wg ljkmn agfO{ sf+u|];sf] ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ 9fNg] 5QL;] ;f+;bdWo] Ps x'g'x'GYof] . gofF kf6L{ u7g ugf{;fy pxfF sf+u|];sf ;Dk"0f{ ljz]iftf / of]ubfg lj;]{/ cfkm\gf] dft[ ;+:yf / g]tfx? lj?4 pu| 9+un] k|:t't x'g'eof] . pxfF s]xL ;do cl3b]lvg} g]tfx?nfO{ y'Gg'k5{, /fhf ;lqmo x'g'k5{ egL /xg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFn] /fhfsf] of] sbdnfO{ ;'?df g} ;xif{ :jfut ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ab|Lgf/fo0f a:g]t sf+u|];df x'Fbf cfkm\g} kf6L{n] g]t[Tj lj?4 v'n]cfd nfu]/ hu x;fpg] JolQmdWo] x'g'x'G5 . g]tfx?k|ltsf] cfqmf]zn] ubf{ pxfFn] kf6L{sf] gLlt ljk/Lt uP/ /fhf ;lqmo x'g'k5{ eGg] jQmJo g} lbg'ePsf] lyof] . To;jfkt pxfFnfO{ g]kfnL sf+u|];n] lgisfl;t u/]sf] lyof] . To;kl5 pxfF dft[ ;+:yf kmf]g{ tyfslyt ‘k|hftflGqs’ sf+u|];n] a:g]t cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] ;b:o g/x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . gf/fo0fl;+x k'g s'g} /fhgLlts k"jf{wf/ gePsf / sf+u|];sf] g]tfnfO{ k|efljt kf/]/ /ftf/ft ;f+;b / dGqL agfOPsf dfG5] x'g\ . t/ Toltn] klg pgL ;Gt'i6 x'g ;s]gg\ / 5'§} kf6L{ -;dtf_ vf]Ng k'u] . pgL zfxL ;]gfsf k"j{ sg]{n x'g\ / x]lnsK6/ rfns x'g\ . clt dxTjfsf+IfL k'gnfO{ clxn] ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqfno lbOPsf] 5 . g]lj;+3sf k"j{ sfo{stf{ /jLGb| vgfn klxn] g} kf6L{ Tofu]/ k~rfotdf ;fd]n ePsf lyP eg] sf+u|]; lgs6 dflgg] csf{ ;xfos dGqL 8f=c;kmL{ zfx ut cfd r'gfjdf sf+u|];sf cflwsfl/s k|Tof;L -wg'iff #_nfO{ x/fpg] d'Vo sf/s ag]sf lyP . o;/L cfkm"n] nfdf] ;dob]lv /ut, kl;gf aufPsf] kf6L{nfO{ kl/Tofu ug]{x?n] /fhfnfO{ klg s'g} If0f wf]sf lbPdf s;}nfO{ cfZro{ nfUg] 5}g . oL /fhgLlts elgg] JolQmx?sf] dft[;+:yf clxn] klg k|hftGq / hgclwsf/sf nflu ;dly{t 5g\ / logLx? rflx+ tL kf6L{nfO{ kftfndf k'¥ofpg' k|hftGq lj/f]wL zlQmsf] c:q ag]sf 5g\ . To;}n] clxn] /fhfsf ;f/yL h:tf b]lvPsf oL dGqLx? d'n's clwgfosjfblt/ uof] eg] cGttM k|hftGqsf dnfdL l;4 x'g c;Dej 5}g .

bLks 1jfnLnfO{ hn;|f]t, /d]zgfy kf08]nfO{ ;"rgf ;~rf/ tyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g, dx]znfn k|wfgnfO{ pBf]u jfl0fHo cfk"lt{, s'j]/ zdf{nfO{ ko{6g, b]jLk|;fb cf]emfnfO{ lzIff tyf v]ns'b, 8f=pk]Gb| b]jsf]6fnfO{ :jf:Yo, 8f= jb|Lk|;fb >]i7nfO{ cy{, cg'/fwf sf]O/fnfnfO{ dlxnf afnaflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f h:tf dGqfno lbOg' pko'Qm g} ljefhg xf] . oL JolQmx? cfkm\gf] If]qsf bIf / cg'ejLsf ?kdf ;'kl/lrt 5g\ . logLx?sf] sfddf Tof] bIftf / ljz]iftf slt k|ltljlDjt x'G5 k|tLIffsf] ljifo 5 . /fhgLlts bnx?n] dlGqd08n u7g ubf{ o;kN6 /fhfn] kfP h:tf] ;'ljwf kfpFb}glyP . pgLx? ;f+;b\x?dWo]af6} dGqL 5fGg'kg]{ jfWotf x'GYof] eg] s;}s;}nfO{ pgLx?sf] bjfj / u'6ut :jfy{n] klg agfpg' kb{Yof] . o:tf sf/0fn] ubf{ ljut lbgdf sof}+ dGqfnon] jfb/sf xftdf gl/jnsf] lgolt ef]Ug' k¥of] . t/ clxn] /fhfn] b]zel/sf of]Uo, OdfGbf/ / ljz]if1x?dWo] dGqL 5fGg ;Sg] ;'ljwf / :jtGqtf lyof] . wDsL / bafasf] e/df dGqL agfpg' kg]{ ljjztf lyPg eg] ;f+;bdWo]af6} dGqL agfpg'kg]{ jfWotf klg lyPg . t;y{ /fhgLlts bnx?n] klg æ:jR5 5lj ePsf / cfufdL r'gfj gn8\g]Æ JolQmsf] gfd l;kmfl/; ug]{ jftfj/0f ag]sf] eP of] eGbf k|efjzfnL / ;Ifd dlGqkl/ifb\ u7g x'g ;QmYof] . k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/, /fhf / /fhgLlts bnx?aLr kmf6f] a9]sf] tyf >L % af6 ;+ljwfgeGbf :j]R5fsf] cfwf/df sfd ug]{ cfef; kfPkl5 sltko OdfGbf/, cg'ejL / k|ltli7t JolQmTjx?n] dGqL kbdf hfg] ckm/ c:jLsf/ u/]sf lyP . s]xL lbg t dGqL aGg kfOg] nf]edf k|hftGq df:g] sfdsf] dltof/ ;fljt x'g'kg]{ t xf]Og eGg] z+sfn] pgLx?n] To:tf] k|nf]eg c:jLsf/ u/]sf lyP . clxn] dGqL ePsf ;a} JolQmx? jbgfd 5}gg\ . sf]xL c/fhgLlts 5g\, sf]xL /fhgLltsf] gfddf p6k6\ofª ug]{x? 5g\ / sf]xL c;Gt'lnt ljrf/sf 5g\ . /fhgLlts JolQmsf ?kdf k|j]z kfPsfx? k|foM ;a} cfkm\gf] dft[ ;+:yfaf6 kl/ToQm JolQmx? 5g\ . s;}n] cfkm"n] /ut kl;gf nufP/ l;l~rt u/]sf] kf6L{nfO{ nft dfg]/ lg:s]sf 5g\ eg] sf]xL dGqL kfpg] cfzfdf g} kf6L{ 5f]8\g] / kf6L{sf] 3f]lift gLltsf] ckx]ngf ug]{5g\ . o:tf JolQmx?af6 d'n'snfO{ s'g l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df cufl8 a9fpg] / hgclwsf/nfO{ ;'b[9 ug]{ cfzf ug{ ;lsGg . logLx?n] /fhfsf x/]s cf1fnfO{ cfFvf lrDn]/ lz/f]wfo{ ug]{ tyf >L % af6 clwgfosjfbL lbzfdf cufl8 a9\g] rfxgf ul/alS;of] eg] To;nfO{ klg an k'¥ofpg] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . k|fljlws / ljz]ifs1x?eGbf ‘/fhgLlts’ dflgg]x? g} /fhfnfO{ a9L ljZjf; lbnfpg k|hftGq / cGo /fhgLlts bnx? lj?4 sl:;P/ nfUg] cfz+sf 5 . s]xL dGqLx? /fhfnfO{ ljZjf; lbnfpg gofF d';ndfgn] a9L gdfh k9\5 eGg] pvfgnfO{ rl/tfy{ ug{ k|hftflGqs zlQmx? lj?4 emg\ pu| 9+un] k|:t't x'g] ;+s]t b]vf kg{ yfln;s]sf] 5 . ;dfhdf ;Ddfg cfh{g u/]/ a;]sf s]xL dGqLnfO{ klg dlGqd08ndf ;fd]n ug{ ;kmn x'g' b/af/sf] nflu Pp6f pknlAw g} xf] . t/ dGqL e};s]kl5 pgLx?sf] ;fdflhs k|lti7fdf IfoLs/0f ;'? e};s]sf] 5 . cvjf/df kmf§km'§ 5flkPsf jwfO{sf lj1fkgn] Tof] Ifltsf] k"lt{ ug{ ;Sb}g .

/fhf / dfcf]jfbLaLr jftf{ x'"b}g

bLks 1jfnL, hn;|f]t dGqL

á d'n's ;lqmo /fhtGqtkm{ pGd'v ePsf] / /fhfaf6 k|hftGq vt/fdf k/]sf] dx;'; eO/x]sf] a]nf tkfO{+ dGqL aGg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <

– dnfO{ To:tf] nfUb}g . jt{dfg dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 /fhu2L ;Dxfn]sf] lbgb]lv nuftf/ k|hftGqk|lt k"0f{ k|ltj4tf JoQm x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ‘ax'bnLo Joj:yf / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq’ ;w}+sf nflu ;a}sf nflu eGg] dfGotfdf df};"km cl8u xf]OaS;G5 . /fhfn] t r'gfj xf];\ eGg] rflxaS;]sf] xf] . r'gfj u5'{ eGg] k|wfgdGqLn] r'gfj ug{ g;s]kl5 To:tf] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ c;Ifd eg]/ x6fpg' /fhfsf] plrt sbd xf] .

á t/ /fhfaf6 To:tf] sbd rfln+bf ;+ljwfgsf] k"0f{ pk]Iff ePsf] 7fGg' x'Gg <

– /fhfaf6 ;+ljwfg;Ddt 3f]if0ff ePsf] 5 . wf/f !@& ;+ljwfgleq} 5 / To;} cg';f/ lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . wf/f !@& sf] dg;fo cg';f/ o:tf] x'g'kYof]{ af p:tf] x'g'kYof]{ eGg] hxfF;Dd s'/f 5, ;+ljwfgdf s'g} ‘dg;fo’ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5}g . ;+ljwfgsf] JofVof ;jf]{Rrn] u5{ . olb clxn]sf] sbd ;+ljwfg;Ddt 5}g eg] ;jf]{Rrdf d'2f xfn] x'G5 lg . t/ s;}n] d'2f xfn]sf] 5}gg\ . wf/f !@& sf] dd{ g} ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogdf b]lvPsf afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg] xf] . h'g k|wfgdGqLn] r'gfj u5'{ eg]/ ;+;b\ e+u u/]sf] 5, p;n] d r'gfj gu/fO{ !$ dlxgf k|wfgdGqL eP/ al;/xG5' eGg' ;+ljwfg;Ddt lyof] <

á t/ sfo{sf/L clwsf/ cem} /fhfd} 5 lg <

– ;+ljwfgs} s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] hglgjf{lrt ;/sf/ g} eP klg ;fdfGo cj:yfdf sfo{sf/L clwsf/ >L % / dlGqkl/ifb\df /xg] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf 5 . ;+;b\ gePsf] / dGqL kl/ifb\ gePsf] cj:yfdf sfo{sf/L clwsf/ xfjfdf em'08\ofpg] s'/f t ePg lg Û To;a]nf Tof] clwsf/ /fhfdf lgxLt lyof], /fhfaf6 dlGqkl/ifb\ u7g ePkl5 sfo{sf/L clwsf/ :jtM dlGqkl/ifb\n] k|fKt u¥of] . dlGqkl/ifb\n] ;ky u|x0f u/]sf] ;]s]08b]lv g} Tof] clwsf/ x'G5 . olb sfo{sf/L clwsf/ gePsf] eP d dGqLsf] ?kdf s';L{df a:g klg ;lSbg / dGqfnodf l5g{ klg kfpFlbg .

á To;f] eP /fhfn] k|wfgdGqLsf] ;Nnfxdf xf]Og, …l;kmfl/;Údf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lj:tf/ ug'{kYof]{ eGg] ts{ klg o; ;Gbe{df ul/Psf] 5 lg <

– of] s]jn æafnsf vfn pv]Ng]Æ s'/f dfq xf] . d]/f] ljrf/df t of] ‘pu| ;"qjfb’ xf] . o:t} ;"qjfb bLKtk|sfz zfxsf] /fhLgfdfsf ;Gbe{df klg cl3 ;fl/Psf] lyof] . jf:tjdf To;a]nf zfxn] af]n]sf s'/f /fhfn] af]Nof xf] eGg] unt ;Gb]z hfg]jfnf lyof] . o;af6 /fhgLlts bn / /fhfaLr c;dembf/L a9\g ;SYof] . o;nfO{ /f]Sg /fhfn] ‘PSzg’ lnOaS:of], Tof] ‘ld; cG8/:6fl08ª’ x6\of] . t/ zfxn] /fhLgfdf s;nfO{ a'emfpg' kYof]{ eGg] ljjfb eof], Tof] tkl;nsf] s'/f xf] . clxn] klg h'g ;Nnfx / l;kmfl/;sf] k|;+u 5, Tof] klg uf}0f s'/f xf] .

á t/ /fhfaf6 /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ pk]Iff u/]/ lsg o:tf] sbd rflnof] <

– dnfO{ nfU5 /fhfaf6 /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ pk]Iff ul/Psf] xf]Og . af:tjdf bnx?aLr g} ;xdlt ePg . ^ bnsf tkm{af6 k|wfgdGqLsf] gfd lbg] sfd ;d]t ePg . /fhfsf] dg;fo t /fhgLlts bn;+u ldn]/} ;xsfo{df hfg] 5 eGg] d 7fG5' .

á /fhf / /fhgLlts bnx?aLr ;xsfo{ x'g] kl/l:ylt 5 <

– ldn]/} guO{ ;'v} 5}g . s] n8fO emu8f ug]{ < pkfo s] 5 < ldNg} k5{ . /fhf / /fh;+:yf eg]sf] xfdL g]kfnLx?sf] k}lqs ;DklQ xf] . /fhgLlts kf6L{n] l;h{gf u/]sf Joj:yfx? eg]sf] tkfO{+ xfdLn] ef]6 xfn]/ aGg] s'/f xf] . t;y{ Ps dtbftfsf] ?kn] eGg'kbf{ d]/f] u'gf;f] t ;j{k|yd /fhgLlts kf6L{x?;+u 5 . ax'bnLo Joj:yfnfO{ cfhsf] cj:yf;Dd Nofpg] t /fhgLlts bnx? g} x'g\ . e|i6frf/, s'zf;g, gftfjfb, s[kfjfb Nofpg] klg pgLx? g} x'g\ . dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofnfO+{ kfn]/ a:g] klg bnx? g} x'g\ . dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofnfO{ slxn] /fhgLlts eGg], slxn] cft+ssf/L eGg], slxn] pgLx?nfO{ ldq zlQm eGg] k|j[lQ b]lvof] . dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofnfO{ cfkm\gf] :jfy{sf nflu k|of]u u/]/ w]/} lx8]+, To;sf] glthf cfh xfdL ef]Ub}5f}+ .

á dfcf]jfbLx?n] ;f]em} >L % dxf/fhflw/fh;+u jftf{ u5f}{+ elg/x]sf 5g\ lg <

– xfdL dGqL eP/ t ;f]em} >L % ;+u jftf{ ug{ ;Sb}gf}+, k|wfgdGqL / ;lrj dfkm{t\ hfg'k5{ eg]==== . s] /fhfn] 6+'l8v]ndf 6]a'n s';L{ /fv]/ æd otf a;]+ ltdLx? ptf a; s'/f u/f}+Æ eg]/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ eGg] < s:tf] s'/f u¥of] xf]nf=== Û of] k|Zgsf] pQ/ t dnfO{ eGbf rnlrq lgb]{zsx?nfO{ ;f]Wbf yfxf xf]nf . o:tf] sNkgf ug]{ Ifdtf pxfFx?df x'G5 . /fhfaf6 ;f]em} dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{ ug]{ sfd x'Fb}g, jftf{ ;/sf/n] u5{ .

á dfcf]jfbLx?n] cl3 ;f/]sf] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] k|:tfj dfGg ;/sf/ tof/ 5 <

– Pp6f lglZrt /fhgLlts Joj:yf ljBdfg ePsf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g . h:t} a]nfotLx?n] ef/t 5f]8]kl5 gofF kl/l:ylt cfof], To:tf] a]nf ;+ljwfg;ef u7g x'g' a]Un} s'/f xf] . To:tf] kl/jt{g gePs} cj:yfdf s] sf] ;+ljwfg;ef < g]kfndf t ax'bnLo k|hftGq 5, /fhf 5g\, kf6L{x? 5g\, dfcf]jfbL klg 5g\ . /fhgLlts k|0ffnLdf s] kl/jt{g ePsf] 5 / <

á d'n'sdf @)!& ;fn bf]xf]l/g] ;+efjgf 5}g <

– tkfO{+n] Oltxf; bf]xf]l/g] k|;+u p7fpg' ePsf]n] d Oltxf;s} Pp6f 36gf ;'gfpF5' . d]/f] a'af -zDe'k|;fb 1jfnL_ To;a]nf sfg'g dGqL x'g'x'GYof] . @)!& ;fnsf] 36gf ePsf] s]xL jif{kl5 /fhf dx]Gb|n] hgtfsf] clwsf/ hgtfnfO{ a'emfpg] eg]/ ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug]{ lhDdf a'afnfO{ lbOaS:of] . To;a]nf g]kfnL sf+u|]; pu| lyof] . To;a]n} d]nldnfksf] gLlt lnPsf] eP s'/f g} cs}{ x'GYof] . ;+ljwfg v's'nf] agfpg] eg]/ /fhfaf6 x's'd ePkl5 a'afn] Psbd klZrdf df]8nsf] agfpg' eP5 . /fhf dx]Gb|af6 Tof] k9]kl5 æo:tf] x}g, of] t ef8e}nf] x'G5Æ eGg] x's'd eof] . a'afn] km]l/ bf];|f] 8«fkm\6 r}+ sl;nf] agfpg' eP5 . /fhfaf6 km]l/ æhgtfsf] gf;f] hgtfnfO{ a'emfpg' k5{, qmlds ?kdf hfg'k5{Æ eGg] x's'd eof] . t];|f] 8«fkm\6 tof/ x'Fbf /fhf dx]Gb|sf] :juf{/f]x0f eof] . To;}n] @)!& ;fn Nofpg] /fhf dx]Gb|af6 To;a]n} Joj:yf k|hftflGqs x'Fb} hfg'k5{ eg]sf] Oltxf; x'Fbfx'Fb} at{dfg dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 @)!& ;fn bf]xf]¥ofpg] sfd x'G5 eGg] s'/f dnfO{ kTof/ nfUb}g . o:tf] s'/f ug]{x?nfO{ ædgsf] af3n] vfPsf]Æ h:tf] nfU5 .

á tkfO{+ 7"nf hnljB't cfof]hgf g]kfndf gcfcf];\ eGg] kIfdf x'g'x'G5 eGg] cf/f]k 5 lg <

– To:tf] ljNs'n xf]Og, d t æg6 :dn Oh Jo'l6km"n :dn c/ ljuÆ eGg] dfGotfdf ljZjf; ug]{ dfG5] x'F . t/ ;fgf cfof]hgfx?sf] hf]lvd sd x'G5 . xfdL g]kfnLx?sf] hf]lvd yfDg] sfFw sqf] 5 < k~r]Zj/ agfpF5', Og/f]g NofpF5' elgof] . Og/f]gnfO{ lbPsf] eP xfd|f] xfnt s] x'GYof] < ;fgf] k|f]h]S6df Pp6f 7]s]bf/n] uNtL u/] 3f]qm]7\ofs nufpg ;lsG5 . g]kfnn] hf]lvd df]Ng] Ifdtf ePdf 7"nf of]hgf klg Nofpg ;lsG5 . o; af/]df /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] g} ljjfbnfO{ unt 9+un] df]l8lbPsf x'g\ .

– Clif wdnf

b]pjf bndf ljb|f]x

rf/ dlxgf cl3 g]kfnL sf+u|];af6 rf]Ol6Psf] b]pjf u'6leq s]xL sfo{stf{x?n] ljb|f]x u/]sf 5g\ . of] ljb|f]x g]=lj=;+3af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 . kf6L{ Ps x'Fbf lrtjgdf ;DkGg dxflwj]zgdf k/fhLt ePsf lszf]/l;+x /f7f}/ / ls/0f kf}8]nnfO{ qmdzM cWoIf / dxfdGqLsf] lhDd]jf/L lbOPsf] lgx'F kf/L lrtjg dxflwj]zgaf6} lgjf{lrt pkfWoIf / ;x–dxfdGqL ;lxt * hgf s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox?n] cl:t $ ut] ;+o'Qm ?kdf /fhLgfdf lbPsf 5g\ .

o;/L /fhLgfdf ug]{x?df pkfWoIf k|bLk v8\sf, ;xdxfdGqL sNof0f u'?ª / s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox? gf/fo0f cfrfo{, ljgf]b b]j, /fhLj 9'+ufgf, b'n{e yfkf, k|ltdf uf}td / g}gl;+x dx/ 5g\ . pgLx?n] kf6L{n] /fhLgfdf :jLs[t u/] klg gu/] klg cfkm"x?n] /fhLgfdf :jLs[t ePsf] 7fg]sf] klg /fhLgfdfkqdf pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ .

sf+u|];leq j}rfl/s jx;

;+;bLo k|hftflGqs k4ltk|lt Jofks hgdt lgdf{0f ug{ plqPsf] g]kfnL sf+u|]; ca cfkm+}leq klg ;lxi0f' / pbf/?kn] ljrf/x? k|:t't x'g] jftfj/0f lgdf{0fdf nfu]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf gLltx?df k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ dfgl;stf sf+u|];Lx?df a9\g yfn]sf] 5 . oBlk clxn];Dd ax'bnLo Joj:yf / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqk|ltsf] k|ltj4tfnfO{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s'g} klg sfo{stf{n] 5f8]sf 5}gg\ . clxn]sf] ;d:ofsf] Pp6f ljsNk ;+ljwfg;ef xf] eGg] wf/0ff /fVg] g]tfx? klg ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqs} kIfdf 5g\ . s]xL ;do otf ;+ljwfg;efsf] k|Zgdf sf+u|];leq uDeL/ jx; k|f/De ePsf] 5 . of] jx;nfO{ ljz]if ?kdf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf lgjf{lrt ;b:o Pj+ af}l4s JolQmTj g/xl/ cfrfo{n] k|v/ ?kdf p7fO/xg' ePsf] 5 eg] dxfdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnf ;lxtsf sltko al/i7 g]tfx? o;sf] lj?4df 5g\ . dxfdGqL sf]O/fnf, ;'>L z}nhf cfrfo{, uf]ljGb/fh hf]zL, nId0f l3ld/], s[i0fk|;fb l;6f}nf cflb s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox?n] rsf]{;+u ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfuk|lt c;xdlt k|s6 ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . t/ ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf :jo+ eg] s'g} klg jx;nfO{ k|ltjGw nufpg] kIfdf x'g'x'Gg . ;+ljwfg;efs} ;Gbe{df oxL ;ftf kf6L{ sfof{nodf cfof]lht e]nfdf pxfFn] eGg'eof]– ;+ljwfg;efsf] ljifo kf6L{sf] Ph]08f alg;s]sf] 5}g To;sf/0f Tof] kf6L{sf] gLlt xf]Og . t/ jx; ug{ eg] kfOG5 . jx;nfO{ k|ltjGw nufpg' x'Fb}g . pxfFn] yk eGg'eof]– Pp6} d~rdf g]tfx?n] b'O{y/L s'/f ug]{ / ljjfb a9fpg], e|d pTkGg ug]{ sfd rflx+ ug'{ x'Gg . sf]O/fnfsf] :ki6 cfzo lyof] j}rfl/s 5nkmn / jx;n] kf6L{nfO{ kmfObf g} x'G5 . s;}n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] ljifodf jx; u5{g\ eg] kf6L{nfO{ cfklQ x'Fb}g .

o; ;Gbe{df lxhf] ljdz{ / g]sfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o g/xl/ cfrfo{aLr ePsf] s'/fsfgL—

á ;+ljwfg;ef lsg cfjZos b]Vg' ePsf] xf] < ;+zf]wgn] k'Ub}g <

– c;f]h !* sf] zfxL 3f]if0ff k"j{ ;+ljwfg;ef xfd|f] k|fyldstfsf] laifo lyPg . t/ klg dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfkm\gf] ;z:q ultljlw /f]Sg], xTof lx+;f / cft+ssf] cj:yf aGb ug]{ xf] eg] / vf;u/L pgLx? nf]stflGqs k|lqmofdf ;fd]n x'g] / hgtfsf] lg0f{onfO{ :jLsf/ ug]{ dgl:yltdf /x]sf 5g\ eg] cu|ufdL ;+j}wflgs ;'wf/ / kl/jt{gsf] kIfdf hfg'k5{ eGg] sf+u|];sf] cf}krfl/s b[li6sf]0f klxn] g} ag]sf] xf] . /fli6«o d'2fdf hgdt;+u|x ug]{ k|fjwfg ;+ljwfgdf /fVg'k5{ eGg];Ddsf] ;f]rfO{ ;d]t u+eL/tfk"j{s pTkGg ePs} xf] . t/ c;f]h !* sf] zfxL 3f]if0ff k5fl8 dfcf]jfbL ultljlwaf6 pTkGg ;d:of / dfunfO{ ;Djf]wg ug]{ laifo afx]s k'g:yf{kgf ug'{ kg]{ yk lhDd]jf/L klg cfPsf] 5 . o; k|sf/sf] lqsf]0ffTds jfWotfsfaLr ;+ljwfg;ef pko'Qm /fhgLlts lgsf; aGg ;S5 .

á Joj:yf kl/jt{g geOsg / Pp6f ;+ljwfg sfod /x]s} cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg ldN5 <

– ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg] eGg] lg0f{o d"ntM /fhgLlts laifo xf] . Ps csf]{ zlQmnfO{ ;dfKt u/]/ vfnL ePsf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg] Pp6f k|lqmof xf]nf t/ ;a} 7fpFdf, ;a} cj:yfdf ToxL x'g'k5{ eGg] x'Fb}g . xfdL oltv]/ d'n'sn] Joxf]/]sf ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf lglDt ;dembf/Ldf sfd ug]{ dgl:yltdf 5f}+ eg] ;+ljwfg;efdf hfgnfO{ pko'Qm k|lqmofsf] vf]hL ug{ ;lsG5, Tof] s'g} sl7gfO{sf] laifo /xFb}g . Ps csf{nfO{ ;dfKt ug]{ k|tLIffdf a:bf cgfjZos /Qmkftn] lg/Gt/tf kfpg] dfq} xf]Og d'n'ssf] :jtGqtf g} ;Lldt x'g] jf ;dfKt x'g] kl/l:ylt cfpg ;Sg] ;DaGwdf klg xfd|f] ;ts{tf plQs} h?/L 5 .

á ;+ljwfg;efsf] s'/f Psflt/ dfcf]jfbLn] p7fO/x]sf 5g\ eg] csf{]lt/ /fhfjfbLx? klg zt{ ;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] k|:tfj cl3 ;fb}{5g\ eGg] rrf{ 5, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;d]t /xg' ePsf tkfO{+n] ;d]t of] laifo p7fpFbf o;nfO{ s;/L x]g]{ <

– ;+ljwfg;ef df}lns ?kdf dfcf]jfbLsf] Ph]08f xf]Og, To;}u/L of] /fhfjfbLsf] ;fwg aGg] k|Zg klg 5}g . jf:tjdf of] ;+ljwfg agfpg] ;a}eGbf /fd|f] nf]stflGqs dfWod xf] . hgtfsf] :jfldTjsf] ;+ljwfg agfpg] pQd pkfo xf] . ut %) aif{sf] xfd|f] cg'ejdf /fhfn] 3f]if0ff u/]sf ;+ljwfgn] lg/Gt/tf kfpg ;s]gg\, o; k6s klg c;f]h !* sf] zfxL 3f]if0ffn] ;+ljwfg km]l/ b'3{6gfu|:t ePsf] 5 . o;} k[i7e"lddf k|ToIf ?kdf hgtfsf k|ltlglwn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug'{k5{ eGg] cfjfh p7]sf] xf] . ;+ljwfg;ef @))& ;fnsf] hgqmflGtb]lv g} g]kfnL sf+u|];n] cl3 ;f/]sf] k|d'v Ph]08f xf] . lgZro g} @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngkl5 ;+ljwfg;efsf] ljsNksf ?kdf hgtf / /fhfsf] ;dembf/df ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ul/Psf] xf], t/ ;+ljwfg;ef sf+u|];sf] l;4fGt / dfGotf ljk/Ltsf] k|lqmof xf]Og . clxn]sf] cj:yfdf sf+u|];;+u ljsNk ;Lldt ePsf 5g\ .

á sf+u|];sf dxfdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnf ;lxt sltko s]Gb|Lo g]tfx/n] ;+ljwfg;efsf af/]df sf+u|];n] s]xL g;f]r]sf] s'/f p7fpg' ePsf] 5, t/ tkfO{+ ;+ljwfg;efsf] s'/f p7fpFb} x'g'x'G5 of] k/:k/ lj/f]w lsg <

– o;nfO{ kf/:kl/s lj/f]wsf ?kdf x]g'{ cfjZos 5}g / x}g klg . jf:tjdf sf+u|];n] oltv]/ ;+ljwfg;efsf af/] s'g} k|:tfj kfl/t u/]sf] 5}g . t/ sf+u|];leq cfjZos kbf{ ;+ljwfg;ef;Dd hfg tof/ x'g'k5{, sf+u|]; o;af/] v'nf /xg'k5{ eGg] ljrf/ pTkGg ePsf] 5 . sf+u|];leq} ;+ljwfg;efdf clxn] hfg' x'Fb}g eGg] dfGotf /fVg] ;fyLx? klg x'g'x'G5 . To;}n] ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ lnP/ sf+u|]; leq ax; k|f/De ePsf] 5 . ax;n] kl/kSjtf u|x0f u/]kl5 dfq} o;af/] cf}krfl/s lg0f{odf k'Ug ;lsG5 . lg0f{odf k'Ugsf nflu klg ax; ug'{ h?/L 5 .

cGttM hgtfsf] ;+k|e'tf :jLsfg}{ k5{

gLnfDa/ cfrfo{

g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& eg]sf] hgtfsf] k|e';Qf, ax'bnLo k|hftGq, ;+a}wflgs /fhtGq, sfg'gL /fHo, dfgjclwsf/, jflnu dtflwsf/nfO{ ;+a}wflgs ?kdf ;+:yfut ul/Psf] ;+ljwfg xf] . of] ;+ljwfg eg]sf] @)$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngsf] pknlAwnfO{ d"t{?k lbPsf] d"n sfg'g xf] . To;}n] ;+ljwfg ljleGg wf/fx?sf] ;+ufnf] d'n'ssf] zf;g ;~rfngsf] kl/kf6Lsf] b:tfj]h dfq geP/ nfdf] ;do;Dd rn]sf] k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngsf] kl/0flt klg xf] . d'n'ssf] Oltxf;sf] ljsf; qmddf cfPsf] /fhgLlts pknlAw klg xf] . d"ntM g]kfnL hgtf Ao'Fem]sf 5g\ / d'n'ssf] efUosf] lg0f{o g]kfnL hgtfn] g} ub{5g\ eGg] pb\3f]if0f klg xf] . To;}n] d'n'ssf] ;+ljwfg hlt;'s} k|xf/df k/] klg Tof] ck|f+;lus ePsf] 5}g . d'n'ssf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ gdfGg], To;nfO{ ;dfKt kfg]{ h] hlt k|of; eP klg d'n'ssf] Oltxf; cufl8 g} a9\5 . o;}n] @)$^ ;fnn] lbPsf] lbzfnfO{ pN6f] 3'dfpg ;lsG5 eGg] ;f]Rg' clxn]sf] ;dodf unt dfq xf]Og, ;/sf/ x'g g;Sg] ;f]rfO{ xf] . @)$& ;fnsf] lbzfn] c7\of/f ;+s6, cj/f]wx? ef]lu/x]sf] 5 / of] ;+s6 ef]Ug' kg]{ l:ylt cem cfpg ;S5 . t/ o;sf] cy{ Tof] lbzf cufl8 a9\b}g eGg] xf]Og .

c;f]h !* ut]sf] @)$& ;fnsf] pklnAw ax'bnLo k|hftGq, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqnfO{ Oltxf;df kl/0ft ug]{ sf]lz; u¥of] . d'n'sdf sfo{sf/L /fhtGq cfof], h'g ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqeGbf ljns'n ljk/Lt s'/f xf] . hgtfsf] k|e';Qfsf] 7fpFdf k/Dk/fb]lv rlncfPsf] /fhsLo zlQmsf] k|of]u /fhfåf/f ul/g] eGg] x'g cfof] . To;}n] @)$& sf] ;+ljwfg d'lR5{t eO;Sof], ca o;sf] s'g} cl:tTj g} 5}g / cl:tTjdf cfpg' x'Fb}g eGg] k|of; eof] . t/ To:tf] k|of; x'Fb}df Tof] cl:tTjaf6 x/fpF5 eGg] xf]Og . @)$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngdf hgtf Ao'FlemPsf lyP . hgtf Jo'FlemPsf x'gfn] g} logLx?sf] cfqmf]z, qmf]w /fhgLlts g]t[Tjk|lt /x\of] . lsgeg] ltgLx?n] cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ ;s]gg\ . hgtfsf] of] Jo'FemfO{sf] kmfObf ln+b} dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfGbf]ng rnfP, hgo'4 ;'? u/] . hgtfn] /fhgLlts g]t[Tjsf] cfnf]rgf u/]/ k|hftGqsf] cg'e"t u/fpg af/Daf/ elg/x]sf lyP . t/ hgtfåf/f lgjf{lrt lgsfoeGbf ;lqmo /fhtGqåf/f sfo{sf/L clwsf/ pkof]u ug]{ k|a[lQn] Jo'Fem]sf hgtfnfO{ km]l/ ;tfpg vf]Hb5 . km]l/ hgtf lgbfpg], ;':tfpg] eGg] ;+ej 5}g . s'g} sbd rfNg :jtGqtf 5 . t/ To;sf] kl/0ffd s] x'G5 eGg] s'/f sbd rfNg]n] ;f]r]eGbf j]Un} cfpg ;S5 . uLtfdf elgPsf] 5– sfddf clwsf/ 5, sndf 5}g . To;}n] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf pknlAwnfO{ Ifl0fs ?kdf nTofpFb}df of] pknlAwx? Tolt sdhf]/ 5}gg\ ls ;w}+sf nflu ;dfKt xf]pg\ . c;f]h !* ut]sf] sbd cyjf c;f]h @% sf] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] u7g jf d+l;/ @ sf] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lj:tf/ oL ;a} ;+ljwfg cg';f/ ePsf xf]Ogg\ . logsf] ;|f]t ;+ljwfg xf]Og . o;df ljjfb 5}g . ljjfb s] df 5 eg] /fhfn] jfWo eP/ o;f] u/]sf] xf] jf df};"km o;f] ug{ rflxjlS;GYof] < /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] unt sfd u/]kl5 ltgnfO{ s;/L 7Ls ug]{ eg]/ ;+ljwfgn] To;sf] k|lqmof b]vfPsf] 5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] 7Lsl;t sfd gu/]sf]n] g} l56f] l56f] ;/sf/ kl/jt{g ePsf lyP, pgLx? hgtfaf6 6fl9+b} uPsf lyP . /fhgLlts g]t[Tjn] 7Ls 9+un] sfd gu/]sf]n] g} hgtfn] e|i6frf/ lj?4 sfg'g agfpg, e|i6frf/ lj?4 sfd ug]{ lgsfox?nfO{ alnof] kfg{ bafa lb+b} cfPsf lyP . h; cg';f/ hgtfaf6 6fl9+b} uPsf ;/sf/n] klg hgbafasf sf/0f tL lgsfonfO{ ;jn agfpg cu|;/ x'g' k/]sf] lyof] . cyf{t\ hgtfn] cfkm\gf] km};nf ;'gfpg] k|lqmof afFsL /x]sf] lyof], km};nf ;'gfpFb} cfPsf lyP . t/ c;f]h !* sf] sbdn] hgtfsf] km};nf ;'gfpg] clwsf/nfO{ k|xf/ ul/lbof] .

;+ljwfgdf lgoGq0f / ;Gt'ngsf] k4lt 5 . ;/sf/n] unt sfd u¥of] eg] To;nfO{ s;/L 7Ls ug]{ eGg] Joj:yf 5 . u}/sfg'gL sfd u¥of] eg] To;nfO{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] x]b{5 . t/ /fhfaf6 unt sfd eof] eg] s] ug]{ < ;/sf/n], dlGqkl/ifb\ jf /fhgLlts g]tfn] unt sfd u¥of] eg] Tof] g]t[Tjaf6 x6\b5 . To;}n] >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{, >L % nfO{ ljjfbdf /fVg x'Fb}g eGg] l;4fGtdf of] ;+ljwfg ag]sf] lyof] . c;f]h !* sf] 36gfn] >L % nfO{ ljjfbdf NofOlbof] . ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] lglDt of] /fd|f] s'/f xf]Og . sfo{sf/L /fhtGq ljjfbdf cfpF5, To;sf] cfnf]rgf x'G5 . cfkm}+n] s;}sf] k/fdz{ ljgf, hgk|ltlglwsf] lg0f{o / ;xdlt ljgf sfd ug]{ xf] eg] hgtfaf6 cfpg] cfnf]rgf Joxf]g}{ kg]{ x'G5 . o:tf] l:yltdf /fhtGqnfO{ kfg'{ ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] lxtdf dfq xf]Og :jod\ /fhtGqsf] lxtdf klg 5 eGg] b]lvb}g . o;n] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqnfO{ dfq xf]Og /fh;+:yfnfO{ klg sdhf]/ kfg{ ;S5, h;n] ubf{ d'n'sn] grfx]sf] åGådf hfg' kg]{ x'g ;S5 . d'n'sn] Joxf]g{ g;Sg] åGå cufl8 a9\g ;S5 . hgtf ;+k|e' 5g\, hgtfn] lg0f{o ug]{, km};nf ug]{ / ef]ln s:tf] g]kfn agfpg rfxG5g\ eg]/ Totflt/ pGd'v ;+j}wflgs af6f] ;dfTg] jf /fhgLlts k|0ffnL lgdf{0f ug]{ hgtfsf] clGtd lg0f{osf] s'/f xf] . of] lbzfnfO{ s'g} klg sbdn] ;bfsf nflu df]8\g ;Sb}g . of] ;+ljwfg oltdf g} cl8G5 eGg] xf]Og . ;dfh ljsf;sf] qmddf ;+ljwfg klg ljsl;t x'G5 . of] ;+ljwfgdf ;'wf/, ljsf; x'g ;S5 . oxL ;+ljwfgsf] pknlAwsf] cfwf/df gofF ;+ljwfg cfpg ;S5 . t/ of] ;+ljwfg lg/y{s eof], b]znfO{ af6f] b]vfpg ;s]g eGg] xf] eg] Tof] unt x'G5 . oxL ;+ljwfgn] b]vfPsf] af6f]df cufl8 a9\g'k5{, To;sf] csf]{ ljsNk 5}g . af6f]df lx+8\bf 7]; nfUb5, vfN8fx? cfpF5 . af6f]df To:tf] cj/f]w pTkGg x'g] ljlQs} af6f] unt eof] eGg ldNb}g . uGtJodf ;lhn} k'Ug ;lsG5 eGg] ;f]lrG5 eg] Tof] unt x'G5 .

dfcf]jfbLn] klg d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts g]t[Tjsf] cb"/blz{tf, cIfdtfsf] kmfObf p7fP, c;f]h !* n] klg To;}sf] pkof]u u¥of] . hgtf logLx?b]lv c;Gt'i6 lyP, h;nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf] k'FhL agfPsf x'g\ / c;f]h !* ut]sf] sbdn] klg To;nfO{ cfkm\gf] k'FhL agfPsf] xf] . hgtfs} clwsf/ / hgtfs} lxt lj?4 hgtfsf] c;Gtf]ifnfO{ pkof]u ug]{ k|lqmof nfdf] ;do;Dd l6Sg ;Sb}g . To;sf/0f kms]{/ k|hftflGqs k|0ffnLdf hgtfsf] ;+k|e'tf :jLsf/ ug]{ k4ltdf cfpg} k5{ . clxn] /fhf / hgtfaLr åGå ;'? ePsf] 5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{ / /fhfaLrsf] b'/L a9\b} uPsf] 5 . åGå a9fP/ d'n'ssf] lxt x'Fb}g . t;y{ ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq, ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] kl/kf6Ldf kms]{/ dfq clxn] a9]sf] åGåsf] ;dfwfg x'g ;S5 . ;xdltlt/ hfg' k5{ .

k|:t'lt– k|sfz lu/L