k|]d hLjg
æk|]dn] d'6'df 3fp agfpF5Æ

Clif wdnf

uf]/vfsf] cd/Hof]lt dfWolds ljBfno n'O{+6]ndf pgLx? ;Fu} k9\y] . vfsLsf] xfkm kfOG6 nufP/ ;Fu} elnan v]Ny] . k9fO{df plQs} t]h lyP pgLx? . b'j}sf] Pp6} ;kgf lyof]– 8fS6/ aGg] .

clxn] b'j}sf] af6f] cnu 5 . Pp6f d'n'sdf ‘qmflGt Nofpg’ xltof/ af]s]/ h+un k;]sf] 5, csf]{ xltof/ gjf]lssg} cfkm\gf] If]qdf qmflGt NofO/x]sf] 5 .

xf], jl/i7 Go"/f];h{g 8f=pk]Gb| b]jsf]6f / lx+;fdf plqPsf] g]skf dfcf]jfbL g]tf 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{aLr cGt/ s] 5 eg]– qmflGt b'j}sf] rfxgf xf], t/ Pp6fn] To;sf nflu xltof/ af]s]sf] 5, csf]{n] zflGtk"0f{ af6f] /f]h]sf] 5 .

Go"/f] ;h{/Lsf If]qdf d'n'snfO{ nueu cfTdlge{/ agfO;Sg' ePsf 8f=pk]Gb|sf] sd{zLntf clxn] ;zQm pbfx/0f ag]sf] 5, pxfFnfO{ cf}NofP/ eGg ;lsG5– o:t} sfd ;dfhsf] x/]s If]qdf x'g] xf] eg] d'n'sdf :jtM qmflGt x'G5, xltof/ lsg p7fpg' k¥of] <

w]/} eof], 8f=afa'/fd;Fu pxfFsf] e]6 gePsf] . ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ cft+ssf/L 3f]lift u/L o;sf pRr:t/Lo g]tfx?sf] ‘6fpsf]sf] df]n’ ;d]t tf]s]sf] lbg otf 8f= pk]Gb| cfkm\gf ;xkf7Lsf af/]df s;}n] k|Zg u/]df To;af/]df rrf{ ;d]t ug{ 5f8\g' ePsf] 5 . pxfFn] k|]d / hLjg :tDesf nflu a8f] cgsgfpFb} eGg'eof]– ;+s6sfnkl5 klg dfcf]jfbL g]tfx?nfO{ e]6\g] xfd|f g]tf h:tf] d xf]Og, d lgod sfg'gdf rNg] dfG5] x'F . To;}n] 8f=afa'/fdsf af/]df d rrf{ ug{ clxn] cfjZos 7flGbg .

s]xL ;do cl3sf] s'/f xf], g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;+:yfks g]tf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{nfO{ e]6\g 8f= pk]Gb| pxfFsf] lgjf;df hfg' ePsf] lyof] . ToxfF anaxfb'/ s];L, rqmk|;fb afF:tf]nf nufotsf g]tfx? klg x'g'x'GYof] . s'/fsfgL u/]/ kms{bf tL g]tfx?n] pxfFnfO{ ;f]Wg'eof]– cr]n ;fyL -8f=afa'/fd_ ;Fu e]6 x'Fb}g < 8f=pk]Gb|n] hjfkm lbg'eof]– x'G5 lg < lsg gx'g] < To;kl5 sf+u|];sf g]tfx?af6 k|:tfj cfP5– tkfO{sf] ;fyLnfO{ xfdLsxfF k7fO{lbg';\ g, xfdL e]6 ug{ rfxG5f}+ . d}n] To;a]nf pxfFx?nfO{ hjfkm lbPsf] lyPF ls 8f=afa'/fdx?nfO{ vf]Hg] sfd k'ln;sf] xf], d}n] u'Ktr/ ljefusf] eQf vfPsf] 5' / eg]+ < Tof] ;'g]/ s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{n] klg xfF:b} æxf] xf] pk]Gb|hLn] k|x/Lsf] eQf vfg' ePsf] 5 / afa'/fdnfO{ Nofpg] < eGg' ePsf] lyof]– 8f= pk]Gb|n] eGg'eof] .

sltko dfG5]x? o:tf x'G5g\, h;n] hLjgsf x/]s If0fx?nfO{ sd{df hf]tfO/xG5g\ . k|]d, /f]dfG;, cfgGb, df]hd:tL h:tf zAbx? pgLx?sf] hLjgsyfdf sd} e]l6G5g\ . 8f=pk]Gb| b]jsf]6fsf] hLjg klg To:t} 5 . :s"ndf s;}nfO{ k|]d kq n]v]sf], s'g} s]6Ln] wf]sf lbPsf], s;};Fu e"naz ;]S; ;DaGw ePsf] jf cfkm"n] rfx]sf] s]6LnfO{ cfkm\g} cfFvf cufl8 s;}n] l;Gb'/ xfn]sf]– cxF o:tf s'g} klg 36gf ePgg\ pxfFsf] hLjgdf .

To:tf] 36gf cfk"mdfly cfOknf{ eg]/ pxfF To;af6 eflu/xg' eof] . a]nfotdf ^ jif{;Dd k9\g a:bf s'g} ljb]zL s]6L;Fu pxfFsf] nufj /x]g . pxfFn] eGg'eof]– a]nfotdf /xFbf d s'g} s]6L;Fu O{df]zgn’ ?kdf glhs eOg . d g]kfn kms{g rfxGy]+, dnfO{ g]kfnd} ‘lkm6’ x'g] s]6L rflxPsf] lyof] . ljb]zL >LdtL ePsf d]/f 8fS6/, OlGhlgo/ ;fyLx?n] ef]u]sf] ;d:of d}n] b]v]sf] lyPF, To;}n] ljb]zL s]6L;Fu ljjfx ug]{ d]/f] ;f]rfO{ g} ePg .Æ

@)$# ;fnlt/ 8f=dw' b]jsf]6f -bLlIft_;Fu k/Dk/fut ljjfx ug'{ ePsf 8f=pk]Gb|sf clxn] tLgj6L 5f]/L 5g\  . snsQf ljZjljBfnoaf6 Pd=aL=aL=P;=df ljZjljBfno 6k ug]{ w]/} sd g]kfnLdWo] dw' Ps x'g'x'G5 . æd]/f] ;kmntfsf] nflu dw'n] w]/} of]ubfg lbPsL l5g\, pgn] cfkm\gf] Ifdtf 3/ kl/jf/sf nflu yftL /fv]/ s]jn k9fpg] sfd dfq u/]sL l5g\ .Æ pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

s;};Fu k|]ddf gkm:g' ePsf 8f=pk]Gb|n] o;sf] sf/0f v'nfpFb} eGg'eof]– æljb]zdf d]/f w]/} ;fyLx? k|]ddf km;]+ . slt o;d} x/fP, slt rflx+ d'6'df 3fp lnP/ g]kfn kmls{P . d'6'df 3fp nfU5 eGg] hfg]/ g} d k|]d rSs/df nflug\ . k|]dn] d'6'df 3fp agfpF5 .Æ

cfkm\gf] hLjgdf efUosf] 7"nf] e"ldsf /x]sf] 8f=pk]Gb| atfpg' x'G5 . ‘efUo’ s} s'/f xf], pxfF hGdbf d''n'sdf hxflgofF /f0ff zf;gsf] cGTo eO;s]sf] lyof] . @)!! ;fnlt/ ufpF–ufpFdf gofF hfu/0f / r]tgf 5fPsf] lyof] . ‘5f]/f k9fpg' k5{’ eGg] r]tgfsf sf/0f :s"nx? v'Ng yfn]sf lyP . lktf xf]dgfy b]jsf]6fn] cfkm\gf] tnaaf6 %) k|ltzt /sd sf6]/ ufpFdf lzIfs /fVg'eof] . pk]Gb| b]jsf]6f 6's'g 6's'g lx+8\g] pd]/df ;fFem laxfg cfkm\g} 3/sf] cfFugdf ufpFe/Lsf ljBfyL{x? k9\g cfpFy] . z}lIfs hfu/0f cfGbf]ng pj{/ eO/x]sf] a]nf pxfF x'ls{g' ePsf]n] ;fg}b]lv pxfFsf] ljz]if nufj k9fOk|lt /xg uof] . @)!% ;fnlt/ ‘o'gfO6]8 ldzg 6' g]kfn’n] uf]/vfdf lzIff, :jf:Yo / s[lif If]qdf ljsf; ug{ Pp6f k|efjsf/L of]hgf ;'? u¥of] . o;} of]hgf cGtu{t :yfkgf ePsf] cd/Hof]lt dfWolds ljBfnoaf6 pxfFn] @)@^ ;fndf P;=Pn=;L= k|yd >]0fLdf kf; ug'{eof] .

^ ;ft sIff k9\bf g} pk]Gb|n] 8fS6/ aGg] lgwf] ul/;Sg' ePsf] lyof] . xh'/afn] hl8a'6Lsf] cf}iflw ug{'x'GYof] . lktfn] cfo'j]{bdf cfrfo{ ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . To;}n] pk]Gb| ‘afof]nf]hL’ ljifo lnP/ cfO{=P:;L= k9\g] / 8fS6/ ag]/ gofF 9+un] afpafh]sf] la+8f] yfDg] ;kgf af]s]/ sf7df8f}+ cfpg' eof] . cd[t ;fOG; SofDk; sf7df8f}+af6 afof]nf]hL lnP/ k|yd >]0fLdf cfO{=P:;L plQ0f{ u/]kl5 pk]Gb|sf nflu 8fS6/ aGg] af6f] ;xh eof] . To;a]nf 8fS6/, OlGhlgo/ aGg cfO{=P:;L=df /fd|f] gDa/ Nofpg} kg]{ l:ylt lyof] . pk]Gb| tL lbgx? slxNo} la;{g ;Sg'x'Gg . ha cfO{=P:;L=sf] clGtd k/LIff lbg] jif{ pxfFsL cfdf laTg' eof] . 3/ uP/ cfdfsf] sfhlqmof u/]/ kms{bf k/LIff cfpg Ps dlxgfdfq afFsL lyof] . ‘slxNo} 6\o'zg gk9\g]’ k|tL1f ug'{ ePsf pk]Gb|sf nflu cfO{=P:;L=sf] k/LIff lbg' ‘kmnfdsf] 9f]sf’ kf/ ug'{ h:t} lyof] . ‘d]/f] d]xgt / tLI0f lbdfun] dfq xf]Og, dnfO{ To;a]nf efUon] klg ;fy lbPsf] xf], To:tf] k|lts"n cj:yfsf afah'b d}n] k/LIff kf; u/]+ ÆpxfFn] eGg'eof] .

ef/t cf;fdaf6 Pd=jL=jL=P;= k"/f u/]kl5 @)#$ ;fnlt/ pxfF g]kfn cfpg' eof] / dxf/fhu~h SofDk;df k9fpg yfNg' eof] . cfkm\gf] k|ltef Ifdtfaf6 lrlsT;fzf:qsf ljBfyL{ dfkm nf]slk|o x'g' ePsf pk]Gb|nfO{ SofDk;df Psy/Ln] v'§f tfGg yfn] . pxfFn] eGg'eof]–æaLrsf dfG5]n] pkNnf] bhf{sf dfG5]sf] pGglt ?rfpFb}gg\, o:tf ‘ldl8of]s;{’x?n] dnfO{ cufl8 a9\g lbPgg\ / lj/Qm eP/ nf]s;]jf dfkm{t jL/ c:ktfndf sfd ug{ yfn]+ .Æ

@)#% ;fnsf] kmfu'g–r}tlt/ jL/ c:ktfn k|j]z ug'{ ePsf b]jsf]6fn] To;kl5 k5fl8 kms]{/ x]g'{ ePsf] 5}g . @$ jif{b]lv nuftf/ pxfF jL/ c:ktfnd} sfo{/t x'g'x'G5, / /f]uLx?sf] ;]jf ul//xg' ePsf] 5 .

‘efUodfgLsf] e't} sdf/f]’ eGg] pvfg jf:tjdf 8f= pk]Gb|df ;zQm ?kdf rl/tfy{ ePsf] 5 . jL/ c:ktfndf pxfFn] 8f=u+uf]n h:tf jl/i7 ;h{g;Fu sfd ug]{ df}sf kfpg' eof] . rf/ jif{ ;h{/Ldf sfd u/]kl5 8f=u+uf]ns} xf};nf / k|]/0ffn] pxfFn] Go"/f] ;h{/Ldf xft xfNg' eof] / a]nfotaf6 :gfo' /f]udf ljz]if1tf xfl;n ug'{ eof] . To;a]nf :gfo' /f]u ;DaGwL zNolqmof hf]lvdk"0f{ dflgGYof] . cfkm"eGbf jl/i7 lrlsT;sx?n] ;d]t of] If]qdf xft xfNg lxrlsrfO/x]sf] cj:yf lyof] . 8f= u+uf]n eg] pk]Gb| b]jsf]6fsf] Ifdtf / nugaf6 k|efljt x'g'x'GYof], ljZj:t x'g'x'GYof]– Go'/f] ;h{/Lsf If]qdf pk]Gb| pko'Qm 8fS6/ aGg ;S5 .

a]nfotdf Go'/f] ;h{/Ldf ljz]if1tfsf] tflnd lng kfpg' pxfFsf nflu 7"nf] cj;/ lyof] . t/ Tof] cj;/ ;lhn} cfPsf] eg] xf]Og . 8f=u+uf]n a]nfot uPsf avt ‘Go'/f] ;h{/Ldf sfd ug]{ d]/f] Pshgf dfG5] 5, p;nfO{ tflnd lbg'k¥of]’ eGb} w]/} ;+:yfx?df s'/f /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfF kmls{Psf] ^ dlxgfd} Go'/f] ;h{/L;Fu ;DalGwt a]nfotsf] ljZj k|l;4 ;+:yf ‘Unf:uf]’n] lr7L k7fof] . tflnd ;'? x'g] ;do lgs} sd afFsL lyof], ;/sf/L k|lqmof k'¥ofpFbf Ps jif{ nfUYof] . 8f=pk]Gb|n] tTsfnLg :jf:Yo dGqL ch'{gg/l;+x s]=;L=nfO{ lgjf;d} uP/ e]6L cfkm\gf] s'/f /fVg' eof] . s]=;L=n] tTsfn a]nfot hfg] / tflnd lnP/ kmls{Pkl5 aL/ c:ktfnd} sfd ug{ kfpg] u/L tf]s nufOlbg' eof] . pk]Gb|n] eGg'eof]– æTo;a]nf dGqL s]=;L=n] 7f8f] lgod ldr]/ tf]s nufpg' ePsf] lyof] . dGqLn] o:t} s'/fx?df xf], lgod ldr]/ tf]s nufpg] . To;a]nf pxfFn] lgod ldr]/ dnfO{ ljb]z k7fpg' ePsf]n] cfh b]zn] ‘Go'/f];h{g’ kfPsf] 5 . lgod ldr] klg ch'{ghL uf}/Gjfljt x'g'x'G5 .Æ

x'g klg clxn] jif{df sl/a kfFr÷5 ;o :gfo' /f]uLx?n] pxfFaf6 lgMz'Ns ;h{/Lsf] ;]jf kfO/x]sf 5g\ . olb oxL ;h{/L cGt ug]{ xf] eg] To;sf] d"No sl/a !&÷!* s/f]8 kg{ cfpF5 .

pk]Gb| b]jsf]6f a]nfotaf6 kms]{/ gcfpg klg ;Sg' x'GYof] . ToxfFsf w]/} ;+:yfx?df cem} klg pxfFsf] Ifdtfsf] rrf{ x'g] u5{ . Go'/f] ;h{/Lsf If]qdf 8f=pk]Gb|n] Pp6f o:tf] P]ltxfl;s cj;/ kfpg' ePsf] 5, h'g cj;/ ljZjdf zfob sd}n] kfP . ‘Unf:uf]’df tflndsf nflu a]nfot uPkl5sf] Tof] klxnf] lbg pxfFsf] nflu P]ltxfl;s /x\of], h'g lbg pxfFn] Go'/f] ;h{/Lsf If]qdf To;a]nf ljZj xNnfPsf b'O{ 8fS6/ a|fog h]lg6 / u|fd l6h8]N6;Fu sfd ug]{ df}sf kfpg' eof] . pxfFn] Tof] lbg ;Demb} eGg'eof]– kmi6{ cu:t ;g\ !(*# sf] Tof] ;f]daf/ d]/f] tflndsf] klxnf] lbg lyof], d}n] klxnf] lbg g} tL dxfk'?ifx?;Fu sfd ug]{ df}sf kfPF . Tof] s;}n] gkfPsf] df}sf lyof] .Æ

‘Unf:uf]’df b'O{ jif{ tflnd lnPkl5 pxfFn] a]nfots} ljZjk|l;4 ;+:yfx?df hflu/ vfg yfNg'eof] . pxfFn] To;a]nf a]nfotdf Ps k|sf/n] jL/ c:ktfnsf] /fhb"tsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{ eof] . clxn] Go'/f] ;h{/Lsf ljBfyL{x?n] jL/ c:ktfnd} tflnd lng ;S5g\ . Pkm=cf/=;L=P;= tflndsf nflu a]nfotn] jL/ c:ktfnnfO{ dfGotf lbPsf] w]/} eO;s]sf] 5 . of] dfGotf lbnfpg 8f=pk]Gb|sf] of]ubfg P]ltxfl;s dflgG5 . sl/a ^ jif{ a]nfotsf] cg'ej lnP/ g]kfn kms{g' ePsf pk]Gb|n] xfn;Dd g]kfndf cf7 xhf/ la/fdLsf] zNolqmof ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . To;}n] t eGg'x'G5– æGo'/f] ;h{/Lsf] If]qdf xfdLn] g]kfndf qmflGt g} u/]sf 5f}+ . kfFr nfv d"No kg]{ Go'/f] ;h{/L kfFr xhf/df x'g ;Sg] agfof}+ .Æ b]zk|ltsf] bfloTj dx;'; u/]/ pxfFn] ljb]zsf] ;'ljwf ;DkGg hLjg TofUg' eof] . æd h'g ufpFdf hGd]+, h'g b]zn] dnfO{ cfhsf] cj:yfdf k'¥ofof], Tof] b]znfO{ nTofpg d}n] ;lsg .Æ pxfFn] efj's x'Fb} eGg'eof] .

/fhgLltdf nfUg] x}g < pk]Gb|n] eGg'eof]– æd lrlsT;f If]qaf6} /fhgLlt ul//x]sf] 5' . clxn]sf] cj:yfdf xfdL h:tf dfG5] /fhgLltdf nfUg] xf] eg] g]tfx?n] xfdLnfO{ wlgofFsf] r6\gL agfpF5g\ . t/ o:t} cj:yf /lx/x\of] eg] r'krfk x]/]/ a:g ;lsb}g . /fi6«n] vf]h]df /fhgLltdf nfUg] Ifdtf / cfF6 ddf 5 .Æ

d'n'ssf] jt{dfg ;+s6k"0f{ cj:yfsf] cGTosf nflu /fi6«sf] cleefjssf x}l;otn] /fhf;Fu ;a} /fhgLlts bnx?n] ;Nnfx lng' cfjZos ePsf] atfpFb} pxfFn] eGg'eof]– clxn] k/]jfsf] u'F8 elTsof] eg] klg /fhfaf6 k|ltudgsf] vt/f b]Vg yflnPsf] 5 . t/ jt{dfg /fhfnfO{ d}n] lrlg;s]sf] 5' . /fhf 1fg]Gb| k|ultzLn xf]OaS;G5, pxfFaf6 k|hftGq vt/fdf 5}g . ‘/fhfn] k|hftGq vfFb}gg\’ eg]/ clxn] d / afdb]j uf}tdn] afx]s c? s;}n] eGg ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

ut jif{ h]7 !( ut] b/af/df ePsf] jLeT; xTofsf08 kl5 Ps lrlsT;ssf ?kdf 8f=pk]Gb|n] /fhf 1fg]Gb|af6 bz{g e]6 kfpg' ePsf] lyof] . Tof] e]6sf] :d/0f ub}{ pxfFn] eGg'eof]– æd x/]s jif{ bz xhf/ dfG5] e]6\5', To;}n] d]/f] cufl8 pleg] dfG5] slt OdfGbf/ 5 eGg] s'/f d p;sf] cfFvfaf6 yfxf kfpF5' . /fhf;Fu e]6\bf d}n] df};"kmsf af/]df To;a]nf aflx/ cfPsf rrf{ unt 5g\ eGg] dx;'; u/]+ .Æ

cf;fddf k9\bf pxfFn] l;g]df v'a} x]g'{ eof] . pxfFsf kfnfdf wd]{Gb| / x]df dflngLsf] hf]8L lgs} hd]sf] lyof] . æ;'k/:6f/ cleg]tf cletfe aRrg ev{/ ‘h~hL/’ dfkm{t b]vf k/]sf lyP, a]nfotaf6 kms{bf pgL ‘gDa/ Ps lx/f] /]’ eg]sf] ;'Gbf cfZro{ nfu]sf] lyof] . g]kfnL lkmNd r} w]/} klxn] l;Gb'/ x]/]sf] lyP .Æ

clxn];Dd sdfPsf] rn, crn u/]/ s'n (! nfvsf] ;DklQ 5 pxfFsf] . 5f]/Lx? cfkm\gf] v'§fdf plePdf of] ;DklQ ;dfh;]jfdf nufpg] ;f]rfO{ agfpg' ePsf] 5 . Go'/f] ;h{/L ;DaGwL Pp6f xl:k6n :yfkgf ug{ hUuf lsGg] tof/L ;'? ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 .

pxfF hlGdPsf] @, # lbgd} 3/df a'afn] 3f]8f lsGg' ePsf] lyof] . Gjf/fgsf] lbg pxfFnfO{ 3f]8fdf r9fOPsf] lyof] . To;}n] 3f]8f r9\g' pxfFsf] 7"nf] ;f}v xf] . elnansf] t pxfF s'zn v]nf8L x'g'x'G5 . cf;fd sn]hdf pxfFnfO{ cem} klg æelnan RoflDkog g]kfnL’ eg]/ lrGg] u5{g\ ToxfFsf k|fWofksx? .

t/ r]; d}n] slxNo} v]lng, r]; v]Ng] w}o{tf ddf ePg . æcfkm"n] uf]6L rfn]kl5 csf]{n] uf]6L slxn] rfN5 egL kv{g' a8f] s7Lg nfUof] .Æ pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

rlr{t k|;+u
;/sf/M ;Qf afx]s ;a} ;dfKt

s]bf/ ;'j]bL

b]pjfsf b'O{ sfd b'j} c;kmn

k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] /fhgLlts ljZn]if0f / ;do cg's"ntfsf] d"Nof+sg s:tf] x'Fbf]/x]5 eGg] pxfFn] cfkm\g} d"Nof+sgaf6 ;Dkfbg ug'{ ePsf cyf{t\ cfkm"n] pTkfbg ug]{ ePsf b'O{ j6f ;d:ofdf b'O{k6s g} c;kmn ePsf] 36gfn] b]vfpF5 . sltko ;d:ofx? cGo JolQmaf6 pTkflbt x'G5g\ . tL ;d:ofsf] lg/fs/0f ug{ s'g} klg JolQm ;kmn c;kmn klg x'G5g\ . k|wfgdGqL x'Fb}df s'g} klg JolQm p;sf] lghL Ifdtfdf kb cg';f/ g} a[l4 x'G5 eGg] 5}g . k|wfgdGqLnfO{ afx\o txsf] k|fljlws ;"rgf k|fKt x'g] cj;/ /xG5 . km/s olt xf] . t/ tL ;"rgfsf] ;xL ljZn]if0f u/]/ b]zsf nflu ;xL lg0f{o ug]{ rflx+ ;DalGwt JolQmsf] cfGtl/s Ifdtfdf e/ kg]{ s'/f xf] .

k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] b'O{ k|wfgdGqLTjsfndf oL k+lQm n]lvPsf] a]nf;Dd cfkm\g} ljZn]if0fdf hDdf b'O{ j6f lg0f{o ug'{ eP5 . To;dWo]sf] Pp6f lg0f{o o; cl3 pxfFsf] !* dlxg]sfndf ePsf] lyof] . Tof] lg0f{o xf] k|ltlglw;efnfO{ cfkm"dfly ljZjf; 5 egL bfjL ub}{ ljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k|:t't ug'{ . of] lg0f{o k|wfgdGqLsf] PSnf] xf] . ljkIfLn] cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj h'g;'s} a]nf Nofpg ;Qm5g\ . of] k|wfgdGqLsf] jzsf] s'/f xf]Og . t/ ljZjf;sf] k|:tfj k|wfgdGqL :jo+n] k|:t't ug'{ x'g] x'Fbf pxfFn] cfkm\gf] cg's"ntfdf dfq To:tf] k|:tfj k|:t't ug{ rfxg' x'G5 . ;+ljwfgdf b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L bn / ax'dt k|fKt ug]{ ;b:on] k|wfgdGqLsf] bfjL ubf{ p lgo'Qm ePsf] #) lbgleq ljZjf; k|fKt ul/;Sg' kg]{ rflx+ k|wfgdGqLn] jfWo eP/ k|:t't ug'{ kg]{ To:tf] k|:tfj xf] . t/ b]pjfn] Tof] a]nf cfkm" lgo'Qm ePsf] ;f9] ;q dlxgfdf o:tf] k|:tfj nfg' ePsf] x'Fbf Tof] afWofTds xf]Og eGg] cfkm}+ k'li6 x'G5 . cfkm"n] To;/L lghfTds ljZn]if0faf6 nu]sf] k|:tfj c;kmn eof] / ToxL sf/0f pxfF Tof] a]nf kbd'Qm x'g'eof] . cyf{t\ cfkm\g} c:qn] pxfFnfO{ Tof] a]nf ;dfKt u/]sf] lyof] . oxL h]7 * ut] @ jif{sf] sfo{sfn afFsL /x]sf] ;+;b\nfO{ lj36g ug]{ pxfFsf] lgtfGt lghL ljZn]if0faf6 ePsf] sfd xf] . h'g a]nf pxfFn] @ jif{sf] sfo{sfn /x]sf] k|ltlglw;ef e+u ug'{eof] Tof] a]nf lat]sf !@ jif{sf ^ hgf k|wfgdGqLdWo] pxfF Pp6f o:tf] k|wfgdGqL x'g'x'GYof] h;nfO{ ;fwf/0f ?kn] k|ltlglw;efsf] Dofb ;lsg] /x]5 eg] klg To;nfO{ Ps jif{ yKg kfpg] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ k|fKt lyof] . ;+s6sfndf k|ltlglw;efsf] Dofb ;lsg] /x]5 eg] Tof] a]nf Ps jif{ Dofb yKg kfOG5 . k|ltlglw;efsf] Dofb ylkg] ;+ljwfgdf of] Pp6f k|fjwfg xf] . t/ pxfFn] To:tf] k|ltlglw;ef lj36g u/]/ r'gfjsf] gofF ldlt tf]Sg' eof] . dWofjlwsf] 3f]if0ff eg]sf] s'g} klg k|wfgdGqLn] ;xh / cg's"n l:ylt /x]sf] ljZn]if0faf6 dfq ul/g] s'/f xf] . ;do ;lsPsf] cj:yfdf rflx+ k|wfgdGqL gofF r'gfj u/fpg afWo x'G5g\ . dWofjlw k|wfgdGqL cfkm}+n] ;[hgf u/]sf] ;d:of xf] . k|wfgdGqLn] dWofjlw gu/L lb+bf of] ;d:of plAhb} plAhGg . b]pjf oxfF klg c;kmn x'g'eof] . pxfFn] g} 3f]if0ff u/]sf] dWofjlw lgjf{rgsf] ldlt ;fg'{kg]{ jf cGo ljsNk vf]Hg aflx/sf ljleGg kf6L{x?;Fu pxfF u'xf/ dfUg hfg' eof] / pgLx?n] eg] adf]lhd cfkm}+n] 3f]if0ff pN6\ofpg' kg]{ cj:yfnfO{ pxfFn] cfkm\gf] ;f}efUo 7fGg' eof] . pxfFn] rnfPsf] c:q pxfFk|lt g} kmls{P/ pxfFdfly g} alh|Psf] of] 36gf k|wfgdGqLsf] hu hfx]/ c;kmntfsf] gd"gf xf] . pxfFn] dWofjlw 3f]if0f ubf{ b]zdf h] l:ylt lyof] pxfFn] Tof] ;dodf r'gfj x'g g;s]/ j}slNks pkfo vf]Hg] eGg] sfuhkqdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf] lbg @)%(÷c;f]h !# ut];Dd klg l:ylt ToxL lyof] < pxfFn] dWofjlwsf] 3f]if0ff ubf{ ;+s6sfn lyof] . Tof] 3f]if0ff nuQ} bf];|f] lbgkl5 k'g;+s6sfn nfu" ul/Psf] lyof] . o;aLr k|wfgdGqLn] lgwf{l/t ;do d} r'gfj x'g]5 / zflGtk"0f{ x'g] 5 egL bf]xf]¥ofPsf egfOx?sf] ;+Vof ulgbf xhf/f}+ k'U5 . To;f] eP 3f]if0ff eP/ of] ldlt;Dd cfOk'Ubfsf rf/ dlxgf ;/sf/n] b]z / hgtfnfO{ 9fF6\g] sfd dfq u/] 5 t < clxn] of] klg k|Zg plAhPsf] 5 .

;+ljwfgdf ^ dlxgfsf] dxTj

g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& df k|ltlglw;efsf] cg'kl:ylt ^ dlxgf eGbf a9L x'g} gx'g] egL rf/ 7fpFdf :ki6 ls6fg u/L pNn]v ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf ug]{ xf] eg] k|ltjGwfTds Joj:yfåf/f cGoyf pNn]v ePsf]df afx]s Ps 7fpFdf pNn]v ePsf] k|fjwfg g} sDtLdf of] ljifosf nflu kof{Kt xf] . h:t} k|ltlglw;ef cufj} lj36g ePdf afx]s o;sf] Pp6f sfo{sfn kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 eGg] ;+ljwfgdf Ps 7fpFdf dfq n]lvPsf] 5 . t/ ToxL Ps 7fpFdf n]lvPsf] k|fjwfg adf]lhd g} k|ltlglw;efsf] sfn kfFr jif{ dflgb} cfPsf] xf] . t/ k|ltlglw;efsf] cg'kl:ylt ^ dlxgf eGbf a9L Ps lbg klg x'g g;Sg] egL kfFr 7fpFdf pNn]v ePsf] ljifonfO{ klg clxn] pNn+3g ul/b}5 eg] of] ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf xf] ls 7f8f] pNn+3g cfkm}+ a'emf}+ . oL ;a} k|fjwfgx? k|ltlglw;ef lgjf{rg ^ dlxgfleq e};Sg' kg]{ ls6fgLsf ;fy pNn]v ePsf] dfGg'k5{ . k|ltlglw;efsf] cg'kl:ylt ^ dlxgf eGbf a9L cGt/ x'g gx'g] egL ljleGg ;Gbe{df ^ 7fpFdf pNn]v ePsf wf/fx? o:tf 5g\M

!= #* wf/f #% / #& df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;+;b\sf] s'g} ;bgsf] ;b:o gePsf] s'g} JolQmnfO{ pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHodGqL jf ;xfos dGqLdf lgo'lQm ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

t/ To:tf] k|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHodGqL jf ;xfos dGqLn] lgo'Qm ePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgfleq ;+;b\sf] ;b:otf k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5 .

@= $@–$ >L % af6 pkwf/f @ adf]lhd u7g ul/aS;]sf]] dlGqkl/ifb\n] k|ltlglw;efsf] ;dy{g k|fKt ug{ g;s]df >L % af6 k|ltlglw;ef e+u u/L ^ dlxgfleq csf]{ lgjf{rg u/fpg cfb]z hf/L ul/aS;g] 5 .

#= $$–$ pkwf/f -#_ sf] k|ltjGwfTds afSof+z adf]lhd a[l4 ul/Psf] k|ltlglw;efsf] sfo{sfn ;+s6sfnLg l:yltsf] 3f]if0ff vf/]h ePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgf k'u]kl5 :jtM ;dfKt x'g]5 .

$= %#–-!_ >L % af6 k|ltlglw;efsf] lgjf{rg ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq ;+;b\sf] clwj]zg cfx\jfg ul/aS;g] 5 . To;kl5 ;+ljwfg adf]lhd >L % af6 ;do–;dodf cGo clwj]zg cfx\jfg ul/aS;g] 5 .

t/ Pp6f clwj]zgsf] ;dflKt / csf]{ clwj]zgsf] k|f/Desf aLrsf] cjlw ^ dlxgf eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .

%= %#–-$_ >L % af6 k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df k|ltlglw;efsf] lj36g ug{ ;lsaS;g]5 . To;/L k|ltlglw;ef lj36g ul/aS;bf ^ dlxgfleq gofF k|ltlglw;efsf nflu lgjf{rg x'g] ldlt ;d]t tf]lsaS;g]5 .

^= &@ -!_ ;+;b\sf] b'j} ;bgsf] clwj]zg rln/x]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf tTsfn s]xL ug{ cfjZos k/]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fdf >L % ;Gt'i6 xf]OaS;]df o; ;+ljwfgdf n]lvPsf s'/fx?sf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L df};"kmaf6 cfjZos ;+lemaS;]sf] cWofb]z hf/L ug{ ;lsaS;g]5 .

-@_ -!_ cg';f/ ePsf] cWofb]z P]g ;/x dfGo x'g]5 . t/ o:tf] cWofb]z–

-s_ hf/L ePkl5 a;]sf] ;+;b\sf] b'j} ;bgdf k]z ul/g] 5 / b'j} ;bgn] :jLsf/ gu/]df :jtM lg:s[o x'g]5 .

-v_ >L % af6 h'g;'s} avt vf/]h x'g ;Sg]5, /

-u_ v08 -s_ jf -v_ adf]lhd lg:s[o jf vf/]h gePdf hf/L ePsf] ^ dlxgfkl5 jf b'j} ;bg a}7s a;]sf] ^) lbg kl5 :jtM lg:s[o x'g]5 .

;+ljwfgdf oL rf/j6} wf/fn] 5'§f5'§} ?kn] ^ dlxgf leq clwj]zg a:g' kg]{ g} b]vfpF5 . ;+;b\sf] clwj]zg geg]sf] k|ltlglw;ef g} xf] eGg] hlgG5 . k|ltlglw;ef ge} /fli6«o;ef aGb}g . k|ltlglw;ef gePsf] a]nfdf /fli6«o;efsf ;b:ox?sf] kb l/Qm x'g uPsf] /x]5 eg] klg To;nfO{ k"lt{ ug{ k|ltlglw;ef g} rflxG5 . ;+ljwfgsf oL bkmf k9]kl5 o:tf] a'lemG5–-s_ ;+;b\ eg]sf] k|ltlglw;ef /x]5 . s'g} klg dGqL ^ dlxgfleq ;+;b\sf] ;b:o x'g} k5{ . -v_ /fli6«o;ef To;sf] pb\ud:yn eP/ klg xf]nf klxn] k|ltlglw;efs} kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v ePsf dflysf zAbx?n] b]vfpF5g\ . -u_ k|ltlglw;ef gePsf] a]nf /fli6«o;efsf] ;b:o aGg sf]xL klg ;Sbf /x]g5g\ . -3_ cWofb]z jf ljw]osdf /fli6«o;ef s'g} lg0ff{os sfd ug{ ;Sbf] /x]g5 . -ª_ sfd rnfp ;/sf/sf] dGqL e}/xg' klg ;DalGwt JolQmn] b'O{ ;bgdWo]sf] s'g} Ps ;bgsf] ;b:otf k|fKt ug'{ h?/L /x]5 .

k|wfgdGqLn] k|:tfj dfu]/ rrf{df cfP em}+ ljleGg /fhg}lts bnn] lbPsf] ;'emfj adf]lhd r'gfj k/ ;fl/of] eg] -!_ clwj]zgsf] cGt/ ^ dlxgf leq x'g'kg]{ k|fjwfg, -@_ ^ dlxgfleq x'g] u/L r'gfjsf] ldlt tf]Sg'kg]{, -#_ dGqLx?n] ^ dlxgfleq s'g} klg ;bgsf] ;b:otf k|fKt ul/;Sg' kg]{, -$_ cWofb]zsf] Dofb ^ dlxgf dfq /xg] ;+lwjfgsf k|fjwfgx? :jtM sfl6g]5g\ . clxn]sf dGqLx?sf] Dofb k|wfgdGqL ;d]t d+l;/ & ut] ;Dddfq x'g]5 . dGqLx?nfO{ ;f]xL lbg jvf{:t u/]/ k|wfgdGqLn] gofF dlGqd08n u7g u/L tL dGqLx?nfO{ csf]{ ^ dlxgfleq ;+;b\sf] ;b:o x'g] u/L Dofb lbg' xf]nf . t/ k|wfgdGqL :jo+sf] rflx+ a}wtf s] /xFnf Pp6f u+eL/ k|Zg plAhg yfn]sf] 5 . k|wfgdGqLn] klg ;+ljwfgtM pxfFn] t /fli6«o;efsf] ;b:o eP/ klg k'Ub}g . ^ dlxgfleq k|ltlglw;efsf] ;b:otf k|fKt u/]s} x'g' kg]{5 . xfd|f] ;+ljwfgdf k|wfgdGqL x'g klxnf] of]Uotf g} k|ltlglw;efsf] ;b:o x'g' xf] . pxfF ^ dlxgfsf nflu dfq sfd rnfpg] ;/sf/sf] k|d'v x'g' ePsf] eGg] ^ dlxgf leq x'g] u/L k|ltlglw;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]Sg' kg]{5 eGg] k|fjwfgn] To;kl5 pxfFsf] j}wtf ;dfKt x'g] k|i6 5 . ;+ljwfgdf k|i6 Joj:yf ePsf] s'/fnfO{ pNn+3g u/L afwf c8sfpsf gfpFdf Tof] ;/sf/nfO{ j}wtf lbg yflnof] eg] ;+ljwfgsf cGo wf/fx? c?n] rflx+ lsg dfGg' k¥of] eGg] k|Zg p7\5 .

cfly{s cWofb]z s] xf]nf <

b]zdf xfn k|rlnt ah]6 cWofb]z dfkm{t\ NofPsf] xf] . of] ;+;b\sf] s'g} ;bg grln/x]sf] a]nfdf cWofb]z dfkm{t\ s'g} sfd ug{ k|:tfjx? NofOG5 . rfn" ah]6 ToxL cGt/ut cfPsf] xf] . ;+ljwfgtM cWofb]z hf/L ePkl5 Tof] P]g ;/x x'G5 . t/ ;+;b\sf clwj]zg rn]sf] a]nf ^) lbgleq To;n] :jLs[lt lbPg eg]/ ;+;b\sf clwj]zg g} a;]g eg] ^ dlxgfleq of] :jtM vf/]h x'G5 . ;+ljwfgsf] efu !) cfly{s sfo{ k|0ffnLsf] wf/f &# sf] ! df elgPsf] 5– sfg'g adf]lhd afx]s s'g} s/ nufOg] / p7fOg] 5}g . @ df sfg'g adf]lhd afx]s >L % sf] ;/sf/åf/f s'g} C0f lnOg] / hdfgt lbOg] 5}g elgPsf] 5 . oL b'O{ s'/f clxn] ;/sf/n] cWofb]z dfkm{t ul//x]sf] 5 . of] ah]6 cyf{t of] cWofb]z @)%( c;f/ @$ ut] hf/L ePsf] xf] . k'; @# ut] o;sf] Dofb ;lsG5 . ;+ljwfgsf] cWofb]z zLif{s cGt/ut oxL st} pNn]v ePsf] Tof] k|fjwfg x]/f}+ . k|wfgdGqLn] /fVg' ePsf] r'gfj k/ ;g]{ / lnlvt ?kdf ;xdlt hgfOP cg';f/ klg Tof] ldlt leq r'gfj x'g] nIf0f b]lv+b}g . lgjf{rg cfof]un] s]xL cl3 ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] r'gfjsf] sfo{qmd cg';f/ clGtd r/0fsf] r'gfj klg k'; @& ut] ;DkGg x'g] lyof] . lgwf{l/t ;dod} r'gfj x'Fbf klg of] ah]6sf] Dofb Tof] r'gfj x'g] eGbf rf/ lbg cl3 ;lsGYof] . ;+ljwfgsf] k|fjwfg cg';f/ o:tf] cWofb]z b'O{dWo] s'g} Pp6f ;bgdf cg'df]bg u/fpFbf k'U5 . t/ To;sf nflu Tof] clwj]zgsf] cfx\jfg x'g'k5{ . clwj]zg cfx\jfgsf ;Gbe{df ;+ljwfgdf o:tf] k|fjwfg 5–

%# clwj]zg cfx\jfg / cGTo tyf k|ltlglw;efsf] lj36g -!_ >L % af6 k|ltlglw;efsf] nflu lgjf{rg ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq ;+;b\sf] clwj]zg cfx\jfg ul/aS;g] 5 . To;kl5 o; ;+ljwfg adf]lhd >L % af6 ;do–;dodf cGo clwj]zg cfx\jfg ul/aS;g]5 .Æ

;+ljwfgsf] of] bkmf cg';f/ >L % af6 /fli6«o;efsf] dfq clwj]zg af]nfpg] k|fjwfg b]lvb}g . lgjf{rg 3f]if0ff ePkl5 t r'gfj ;DkGg ePsf ldltn] Ps dlxgf leq eGg] ls6fg g} ul/Psf] 5 . ljz]if clwj]zg af]nfpg] k|fjwfg klg 5}g . ljz]if clwj]zgsf nlfu ;dfj]bg ug]{ clwsf/ k|ltlglw;efsf ;Dk"0f{ ;+Vofsf] Ps rf}yfO{ ;b:onfO{ dfq clwsf/ 5 . ;+ljwfgdf clwj]zg cfx\jfg ug]{ oxL Pp6f dfq k|fjwfg xf] . To:tf] cj:yfdf of] cWofb]z ;+;b\af6 cg'df]lbt x'g] cj:yf b]lv+b}g . em§ x]bf{ of] s'/f ckTofl/nf] nfUnf t/ ;+ljwfgsf k|fjwfgn] g} To;} eG5g\ . To;f] eP k'; @$ kl5 ;/sf/n] of] b]zdf s/ nufpg / p7fpg kfpF5 < Pp6f uDeL/ k|Zg plAhPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgdf sfg'g adf]lhd jfx]s s/ gnufOg] elgPsf] cj:yfdf ha sfg'g s} Dofb ;lsof] eg] To;nfO{ ank"j{s ug{ ldN5 < clg cfly{s cWofb]z ;+s6sfn h:tf] @–$ lbg vfnL /fv]/ nufpg ;lsg] sfg'g xf]Og . of] sfg'g Pslbg dfq xf]Og Ps ;]s]08 klg vfnL /xg x'Fb}g . To;f] eof] eg] nueu cgy{ g} x'G5 . dfgf}+ ;/sf/n] ToxLa]nf csf]{ cWofb]z hf/L unf{ t/ ToxL k|of]hgsf nflu h'g cWofb]z hf/L ePsf] 5 ToxLa]nf Tof] hLljt} x'Fbf ToxL k|of]hgsf] csf]{ cWofb]z cfpg ;Qm}g . s'g} Ps If0f Ps 306f jf Ps lbg /fHo s/ gnufO{ /xg ;S5 < ;/sf/ Tof] If0f, Tof] 306f / Tof] Ps lbg s'g} klg cfly{s sf/f]af/ gul/sg /xg ldN5 < ;+ljwfgsf] Pp6f wf/fnfO{ ldlrbf To;sf] k|efj sxfF sxfF kbf]{ /x]5 eGg] of] cWofb]z klg Pp6f pbfx/0f xf] . oBlk Tof] lbg cfpg afFsL 5 . t/ Tof] lbg cfO{ kg]{ rflx+ k|foM kSsf g} ePsf] 5 . Tof] sfg'g gePsf] lbgsf] s/ ef]lnkN6 p7fpF5' eGg] clwsf/ klg ;/sf/;+u /xFb}g . sfg'gtM /fHon] To;f] ug}{ ldNb}g . olb clxn] k|ltlglw;ef Jo'Fltof] eg] ;+ejtM ;/sf/ of] ;+s6af6 ;+j}wflgs ?kn] d'lQm x'GYof] ls .

wf/f !@& af/] ;jf]{Rrsf] lg0f{o

clxn] b]zdf ce"tk"j{ ?ksf] ;+j}wflgs ;+s6 plAhPsf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf of] ;+s6sf k|d'v sf/s x'g'ePsf] 5 . 3f]if0ff ePsf] ldltdf r'gfj x'g g;Sg] eGg] of] r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff ug]{ ;/sf/sf k|d'v k|wfgdGqL :jo+n] lnlvt ?kdf hgfPkl5 ;Dj}wflgs ;+s6 plAhPsf] xf] . lgwf{l/t ldltdf r'gfj ePg / ;+ljwfgsf] Tof] wf/f lgl:qmo aGg k'Uof] eg] s] x'G5 < oxL ;Gbe{df clxn] ;+ljwfgsf] of] wf/f !@& sf] rrf{ ;'? ePsf] xf] . of] wf/fsf af/] ;jf]{Rrdf Psk6s jx; eP/ JofVof ;d]t e};s]sf] /x]5 . Tof] JofVof o:tf] 5M

æs'g} ;+j}wflgs c+u jf lgsfosf] u7g x'g g;sL s'g} ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf sfof{lGjt x'g ;Sg] cj:yf pTkGg ePdf jf s'g} ;+j}wflgs ;+oGqn] ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd sfd ug{ g;Sg] cj:yf pTkGg eO{ Pp6f z"Gosf] l:ylt jf ;+j}wflgs ult/f]w pTkGg ePdf To;sf] lgjf/0f u/L ;+j}wflgs ;+oGqnfO{ lqmofzLn u/fpgsf nflu tTsfnLg ;dfwfgsf] pko'Qm jf cfjZos Joj:yf ug{ afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg] clwsf/sf] k|of]u x'g ;S5 .Æ

;jf]{Rr cbfntn] @)%) ;fndf of] wf/fsf af/] u/]sf] JofVof clxn]sf] Joj:yfdf sxfF sxfF ldN5 eGg] dfly pNn]lvt ^ dlxgfsf] ^ 7fpFdf k|fjwfg eGg] pkzLif{s x]l/of] eg] w]/} s'/f cfkm}+ k|i6 x'G5 . s'g} klg ;+ljwfgsf wf/fsf af/] ;jf]{Rrsf] JofVof g} clGtd / cflwsfl/s xf] . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f (^ -!_ df d'2f dfldnfdf cbfntn] lbPsf] cfb]z jf lg0f{osf] ;a}n] kfngf ug'{ k5{, -!_ df d'2f dfldnfsf /f]xdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] u/]sf] sfg'gsf] JofVof jf k|ltkfbg u/]sf] sfg'gL l;4fGt >L % sf] ;/sf/ tyf ;a} c8\8f cbfntx?n] dfGg'kg]{5 elgPsf] 5 . cbfntsf] of] JofVofnfO{ km]l/ Ps k6s k9f}+ / wf/f !@& k|of]u x'g] cj:yfsf] cg'dfg u/f}+ .

afwf km'sfpM ;QfnfO{ ls ;+ljwfgnfO{

clxn] h] h:tf rrf{x? cfPsf 5g\ / k|wfgdGqL :jo+n] atfpg' ePsf] 5 To; cg';f/ ;+ljwfgsf sDtLdf &–* j6f k|fjwfgx? k|ToIf k|efljt jf egf}+ lgl:qmo x'g] cj:yfdf 5g\ . of] cj:yf 3f]lift ldltdf r'gfj gu/fP/ k/ ;fbf{ / Tof] ldltd} / 3f]lift adf]lhd r'gfj x'Fbf klg >[hgf ePsf] 5 .

sflt{s @& ut] r'gfj ePg eg] Tof] ;/sf/sf] ;+j}wflgs l:ylt /xFb}g . ;+ljwfgn] sfd rnfp ;/sf/sf] cjlw ^ dlxgfsf] egL ls6fg u/]sf] 5 . r'gfj gx'Fbf jf k/ ;fl/bf of] wf/f lgl:qmo x'G5 . wf/f #^& clxn]sf] ;/sf/sf] d'Vo cfwf/ xf] . ;+ljwfgn] ax'dtsf] Ps kf6L{ cNkdtsf] 7"nf] bn b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L bn :jtGq JolQm t/ Tof] k|ltlglw;efsf] ;b:o / ToxfF ax'dt k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] /x]5 eGg] ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ :ki6 k|fjwfg /fv]sf] 5 . t/ Tof] k|ltlglw;ef hLljt /x]sf] cj:yfdf dfq ;Dej 5 . sflt{s @& kl5 jt{dfg ;/sf/ ;+ljwfgtM s'g} x}l;otdf /xFb}g / To;sf] ljsNkdf ;+;b\ aflx/af6 ;/sf/ agfpg] k|fjwfg klg ;+ljwfgdf st} 5}g . lgwf{l/t ;dodf r'gfj gx'g] s'/f clxn] cg'dfgdf xf]nf t/ ;/sf/af/] eg] :ki6 g} pNn]v 5 . ;+ljwfgnfO{ lgl:qmo kfg]{ sfdsf] ;|f]t oxL Pp6f dfq xf] . o;nfO{ cGoyf JofVof u/]/ of] ;/sf/sf] ljsNk vf]lhof] eg] d"n ;d:of ToxL /xG5 . s]xL bnsf k|ltlglwx?n] ;Qf kfpF5g\ . k|wfgdGqL To:t} unt JofVofaf6 s]xL lbg ;Qfdf a:g' xf]nf t/ l:yltsf] cGof}ntf emg\ emg\ a9\b} hfG5 .

clxn] dfcf]jfbL;Fu jftf{ ug'{ kg]{ ljifo k|d'v ?kdf p7]sf] 5 . ;j{bnLo a}7ssf lgisif{ klg ltg} x'g\ . t/ ljBdfgdf h'g ;+ljwfg 5 Tof] adf]lhd klg gePsf] ;/sf/sf] s'g} cfx\jfgaf6 s] cfwf/df s'g Dof08]6nfO{ b]vfP/ dfcf]jfbLx? jftf{df cfpFnfg cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . h'g ;/sf/sf] k|d'v g} b]zsf] ;+ljwfg ljk/Lt 5 eg] To:tf] JolQmaf6 lg>[t sfd s'/fnfO{ csf]{ kIfn] dfGg] cfwf/ ;DejtM of] kIfsf] klxnf] zt{ xf]nf . afwf c8sfp km'sfpg] wf/f k|of]u eP/ ;/sf/ lgdf{0f x'g yfNof] eg] ;+;bLo k4lt To;leqsf] lgjf{rg, ;/sf/sf nflu ax'dt Nofpg' kg]{ cflb s'/f sxf k'U5g\ of] klg cg'dfg ug]{ ljifo xf] . clxn]sf] ;+s6 lgtfGt Ps JolQmaf6 plAhPsf] xf] . o;kl5 ;/sf/df hfg] hf] sf]xLn] ;Qfdf l6ls/xg af/Daf/ of] wf/f k|of]u ul//x] eg] clxn] Pp6f sfdaf6 lgl:qmo ePsf ;+ljwfgsf *–!) j6f wf/fsf 7fpFdf l;+uf] ;+ljwfg g} lgl:qmo x'g] k/Dk/f ga:nf egL dfGg] cfwf/ 5}g . h'g sfdn] h'g wf/f h] ug{sf nflu lgl:qmo eof] afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg] wf/f ToxL wf/fnfO{ k'gM ;lqmo kfg]{ ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfg xf] egL ;jf]{Rrn] u/]sf] JofVofsf] klg o:tf] ;/sf/ aGof] eg] jf lgjf{rg k/ ;fl/P/ ;Qf l6sfpg vf]lhof] / To;n] dfGotf kfof] eg] k"0f{ ljk/Lt e} Pp6f cgf}7f] / 8/nfUbf] kl/0ffd lg:sg] ;Defjgf oxLaf6 ;'? x'g] c:yf b]lvb}5 . zflGt ;'Joj:yf eGg] s'/f cd"t{ JofVof /x]5 eGg] of] b]zn] b]lv;s]sf] 5 . @)%( h]7 ( ut]b]lv @)%( c;f]h !# ut];Dd k|wfgdGqL / ;/sf/sf cGo ;a} dGqLx? r'gfjdf k"0f{ zflGt ;'Joj:yf sfod ug]{, lgwf{l/t ;dodf r'gfj x'g ;Qm}g eGg]x? sfFt/ x'g\ egL af/Daf/ 3f]lsb} cfOPsf]df Ps}rf]6L !$ ut] c;f]hb]lv pgLx? g} r'gfjdf /Qmkft dlRrg] egL :jfQ} s'/f abn]/ cufl8 cfP . o:tf JolQmx?n] To:tf] afwf c8\sfp, km'sfp wf/faf6 ;/sf/ agfpg kfP eg] w]/} s'/f cfkm}+ b]lvG5 . o;f] x'g' eg]sf] afwf km'sfpg] xf]Og ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ub}{ ul/Psf] dfGg' kg]{ x'G5 .

;a} /f]usf] Pp6} cf}iflw

clxn] ;a}lt/ b]lvPsf] ;+j}wflgs ;+s6sf] Pp6} dfq ;dfwfg k|ltlglw;ef k'g:yf{kgf g} xf] . oBlk o;nfO{ s]xL kf6L{x?n] ;+ljwfgdf k|fjwfg g} gePsf] Joj:yf cGtu{t ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] s'/f rflx+ gp7fPsf] xf]Og . t/ k|ltlglw;ef lj36g u/]/ r'gfj ug{ ;lsGg egL 3f]if0ff ug]{ ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tjdf aGg] To:tf] ;/sf/ s'g} klg k|sf/n] pkrf/ x'g} ;Qm}g . k'gM:yf{kgf eof] eg],

-s_ ;+ljwfg adf]lhd ;+;b\df j}slNks ;/sf/sf] ;Defjgf /lx/xG5 .

-v_ ;+ljwfgn] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug{ s'g} afx\o lgsfosf] sNkgf;Dd u/]sf] 5}g . t/ ;+ljwfgleq} o;sf] ;+zf]wg x'g ;Sg] k|fjwfg ;+zf]wg x'g} g;Sg] egL ls6fg g} u/]sf] cj:yfdf Tof] k|fjwfg nfu" x'g ;St5 .

-u_ ;/sf/n] r'gfjaf6 b]zdf /Qmkft x'g] egL clxn] h:tf] ljZn]if0f u/]sf] 5 sDtLdf @ jif{sf nflu s;}sf] JolQmut :jfy{ / ;Qf nf]eaf6 l;lh{Psf] /Qmkftaf6 b]zn] d'lQm kfpg] 5 .

-3_ ;+ljwfgsf ult/f]w ePsf jf kfl/Psf ;a} wf/f k'gM ;~rfng x'g]5g\ .

-ª_ b]zdf s'g a]nf s;n] s:tf] if8\oGq ug]{ xf] / Joj:yf w/fzfoL x'g] xf] eGg] cGof}n km]l/ Psk6s ;dfKt x'g]5 .

-r_ h;sf] sf/0fn] b]zdf /Qmkftsf] l:ylt plAhPsf] 5 dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ckl/jt{gLo wf/f afx]ssf s'g} klg k|fjwfg ;+zf]wg ug{ pgLx?n] k|:tfj /fv] eg] ;+ljwfg adf]lhd g} To;nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-5_ ;/sf/sf] km]/abn ;+ljwfg leqaf6 dfq x'g ;Qm5 eGg] ghL/ sfod x'g]5 .

-h_ ;+ljwfgsf] afwf c8\sfp wf/f jf:tjd} ToxL k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u x'Fbf]/x]5 eGg] k/Dk/f a:g]5 / ;jf]{Rrsf] JofVofn] dfGotf kfpg] 5 .

-em_ r'gfj u/fpg g;Sg] JolQmn] ;+;b\ lj36g ug]{ cfF6 sDtLdf ca pk|fGt ub}{gg\ . ubf{v]/Lsf] xljut s:tf] x'Fbf]/x]5 eGg] pbfx/0f aGg]5 .

-`_ k"j{ 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] ldltnfO{ s]jn s]xL lbgsf] ;Qf df]xsf sf/0f ;fb}{ hfgfn] aGg} nfu]sf] r'gfjL k/Dk/fsf] cGTo x'g]5 .

oL egfO{x? gf]6 ul//fvf}+

á r'gfjdf 7"nf] /Qmkft x'g] b]lvPsf]n] cgfjZos wghgsf] Iflt gxf];\ egL r'gfj k/ ;fg{ ;/sf/ vf]lh/x]sf] xf] .

– k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf

á ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf nflu ;+j}wflgs ljsNk /f]Hg a}7sn] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ DofG8]6 lbPsf] 5 . r'gfj ;fg]{ ls k|ltlglw;ef k'g:yf{kgf ug]{ eGg] ljifodf bnx?aLr ;xdlt 5}g . ;/sf/n] h'g af6f] /f]h] klg Pdfn]nfO{ :jLsfo{ 5 .

– dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, dxf;lrj, Pdfn]

á jt{dfg cj:yfdf ;'/Iffsf sf/0f zflGtk"0f{ lgjf{rg x'g ;Sb}g, To;}n] ;xh 9+uaf6 cl3 a9\g k|ltlglw;ef k'g:yf{lkt x'g'k5{ . ;+s6sfn ;dfwfgsf nflu k|wfgdGqL ;+j}wflgs 9+uaf6 cufl8 a9\g'k5{ .

– ch'{g/l;+x s]=;L=, k|jQmf, g]kfnL sf+u|];

á k|ltlglw;;ef k'g:yf{kgfsf] ;Defjgf 5}g . ;+ljwfgn] g} Tof] lb+b}g . ca ;/sf/n] a}7ssf] DofG8]6 cg'?k ;+ljwfg;Ddt lgsf; vf]Hg] sfd u5{ .

– lr/~hLjL jfUn], al/i7 dGqL

á ;+;b\ k'gj{xfnL g} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg xf] .

– clds z]/rg, cWoIf, hgdf]rf{ g]kfn

á ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !@& k|of]u u/L k|wfgdGqLaf6 lgjf{rgsf] ldlt kl5 ;fg]{ sfd x'g'k5{ . /fk|kfn] lgjf{rg ldlt kl5 ;fg]{ ljsNkdf g} hf]8 lbPsf] 5 .

– /jLGb|gfy zdf{, jl/i7 s]Gb|Lo ;b:o, /fk|kf

á ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgfsf] ljsNkdf k|wfgdGqL OR5's b]lvg' ePg . lgjf{rg ldlt kl5 ;/]kl5 dfq ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] k|;+u cufl8 a9\5 kl5 lgwf{l/t ldltdf lgjf{rg ;Dej u/fpg] bfloTj ;/sf/s} xf] .

– /fh]Gb| dxtf], dxfdGqL ;b\efjgf

jL/axfb'/ zfxL

e/t sf]O/fnf

hGdM !(*% df3 !*, 8'd|fsf]6 8f]6L . lzIff dGqfnosf] v/bf/ kbaf6 ;/sf/L ;]jf k|f/De ug'{ ePsf l;+xn] zfvf clws[t, ;xfos c~rnfwLz, ;x–c~rnflwz, k|=lh=c=, ;x;lrj, u[x;lrj / /fhkl/ifb\sf] ;lrjsf] lhDd]bf/L ;DxfnL ;Sg' ePsf] 5 .

á 8f]6Laf6 /fhwfgL ;j{k|yd slxn] / lsg cfpg' ePsf] lyof] <

– cfkm\gf] lhNnfdf k7g–kf7gsf] Joj:yf gx'Fbf ef/tsf] o"\=kL= cGtu{t nlvdk'/af6 P;=Pn=;L= kf; u/]kl5 cfkm\gf] /fhwfgL sf7df8f}} s:tf] /x]5 egL x]g]{ p2]Zon] sn]h k9\g' cl3 @))% ;fndf cfPsf] lyP .

á hfuL/] hLjg s;/L ;'? ug'{eof] <

– klxnf] k6s sf7df8f}+ x]g{ cfpFbf ;fyLsf] cfu|xdf lzIff dGqfnodf lgj]bg lbPsf] lyPF . cfkm\g} lhNnf 8f]6L uO{ :s"n :yfkgf u/L k7fpg] egL lzIfs kbsf] lgo'lQm kfPsf] lyPF . kl5 88]nw'/f :s?nsf] d'Vo lzIfs x'g k'u]+ . hf8f]sf] labfdf 3/ a;]sf a]nf @))& ;fnsf] qmflGt eof] . sf7df8f}+ qmflGtkl5 s;tf] eP5 egL x]g{ cfpFbf t klxn] hflu/ vfg hf]8 lbg] ;fyL;+u hDsf e]6 eof] . pgn] eg]– lgo'lQm kq k7fpg qmflGtn] ubf{ l9nf eof], lbpF;f] lng cfpg' . d}n] t lzIfssf] gf]s/L 5f]8L ;s]+, s] sf] lgo'Qm lng] lh1f;f /fv]+ . pgn] l/;fpFb} eg]– To;f] eP klxn] lnPsf] lzIfs tflndsf] eQf lkmtf{ ug'{k5{ . d cK7]/f]df k/]+ . qmflGtkl5sf] sf7df8f}+ x]g{ cfPsf] t k'gM bf];|f] lzIfs tflnd lnP/ sfd ug]{ lgo'lQm kq kf] lng' k¥of] .

á ;/sf/L cyf{t\ lghfdtL ;]jf tkm{ lg <

– lzIfs tflndsf] bf];|f] lgo'lQm lnO{ 88]nw'/f hfg' cl3 Ps csf{ ldqsf] cfu|xdf ToxL lzIff dGqfnodf ;xfos OG:k]S6/ kbsf nflu lgj]bg lbPsf lyof}+ . lhNnf hfg' cl3 l6lrª OG:k]S6/ ckm :s"nsf rLkm bL3{/fh sf]O/fnf sxfF uof}+ . pxfFn] xfd|f] ljifonfO{ g]kfnsf] lzIff of]hgfsf] Tof] s'/f xf], nfu" ePdf tkfO{+x?sf] x'g]5 eGg'eof] . pxfF;+u labf eO{ 9f]sfdf k'Ubf dnfO{ k'gM af]nfO{ d;+u sfd ug]{ xf] < eGg'eof] . d}n] x'G5 eg]+ . ef]lnkN6b]lv g} cfpg' eGg'eof] . s]xL ;do sfd u/]kl5 pxfFn] dnfO{ yk cWoog ug'{k5{, t;y{ d agf/; cfkm\gf] sfdn] hfg] x'Fbf ToxfF kmd{ el/lbG5', cfO=P=sf] hfFr lbg cfpg' eGg'eof] . h; cg';f/ d}n] agf/; uO{ cfO=P= clg lqrGb|af6} aL=P= u/] . ToxL lyof] d]/f] lghfdlt gf]s/Ldf k|j]z .

á @)!& ;fnsf] /fhg}lts kl/jt{g kl5 sd{rf/L s6f}tLdf r} kg'{ ePg <

– @)!^ ;fn;Dd lzIffd} a9'jf x'Fb} sfd ub}{ lyPF, Tof] kl/jt{gdf sd{rf/Ldf lgs} 7"nf] l:qmlgª eof], t/ d k/]g5' . To;kl5 t d klZrd # g+= uf]Zjf/fsf] cl;i6]G6 x'g k'u] . lzIffsf] cg'ej lyof] . uf]Zjf/df hfg dg nfu]g . of] s'/f u[x;lrj If]qljqmd /f0ffnfO{ eGg uPsf] t a9\tf s'/f gu/L ;ft lbgleq xflh/ x'g hfgf];\ egL km6sfg'{ eof] . ToxLb]lv u[x dGqfno k|j]z u/L a9'jf x'fb} k|j]z u/L k|lhc, ;xfos, ;xc~rnfwlz x'Fb} u[xdf ;lrj;Dd x'g k'u]+ .

á ;f];{ klg nufpg' k/]g <

– u[xdf ;x;lrj kbdf sfo{/t ePsf avt /fh;ef ;efklt e"kfndfg l;+x sfsL{n] Ps lbg kmf]g u/]/ /fh;efdf ;lrj kb vfnL 5, d}n] >L % ;dIf lalGt ul/;s]sf] 5' . tkfO{+ tof/ x'g';\ eGg'eof] . /fh;efdf sfd' ;lrj eP/ sfd ub}{ lyPF . ;efklt sfsL{ lghL sfdn] Psk6s ef/t hfg' cl3 of] /fh;efsf] ejg dd{t /+u/f]ug x'fb}5, k};f k'u]g eg] k|=d=;dIf uP/ dfUg', d]/f] s'/f eO;s]sf] 5 eGg' ePsf] lyof] . ;efklt sfsL{ gkmsL{sg} k|=d=af6 dnfO{ af]nfx6 eof] . d}n] t To;}sf] k|ult hfgsf/L lngsf nflu xf]nf eGg] ;f]r]sf] lyP . t/ k|=d=;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] t j/08faf6} dnfO{ b]Vg] ljlQs} eGg'eof]– d}n] t klxn] klg /fh;efdf tkfO{+nfO{ k7fpg dfg]sf] lyOg, t/ e"kfndfghLn] s/ u/]sfn] dfq} tkfO{+ Toxff k'Ug' eof] . t/ ca tkfO{+nfO{ ToxfFaf6 ;?jf ul/Psf] 5, lbpF;f] kq a'em\g' xf]nf eGg'eof] . To;/L u[x ;lrj aGg k'u]sf] x'F .

á gf]s/Laf6 cjsfz r}+ pd]/s} xbn] kfpg' ePsf] xf] <

– d @)#( b]lv @)$% ;Dd u[x ;lrj ag]+ . s'g} klg u[xdGqL;Fu Tolt /fd|f] 6d{ ePg . gf]s/L cjlw ;lsg %÷^ dlxgf afFsL x'Fbf Ps lbg >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf k|d'v ;lrj /~hg/fh vgfnn] af]nfpg' eof] . pxfF;Fu klg Tolt /fd|f] ;DaGw lyPg . pxfFn] cjsfz kl5 sf7df8f}+ a:g] ls 8f]6L g} fhg] egL ;f]Wg'eof] . d}n] sf7df8f}+df g} a:g] s'/f ubf{ cjsfz kl5 k'gM /fh;efsf] ;lrj agL sfd ugf]{;\, d >L % df ljlGt hfx]/ u5'{ eGg'eof] . dnfO{ pxFn] lsg ;xfg'e"lt /fVg'eof], dnfO{ clxn] klg cfZro{ g} nfu]sf] 5 . ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] cjlw ;lsP klg To;/L /fh;efdf k'gM uPF .

á /fh;efaf6} cjsfz lng' ePsf] xf] ls vf]l;g' eof] <

– cjsfz kq t cfh;Dd klg kfPsf] 5'Og . t/ d]/f] cjsfz cgf}7f] tl/sfn] eof] . jt{dfg ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff x'g cl3Nnf] /ft b/af/sf ;lrj /]jtL/d0f vgfnsf] kmf]g cfof] . kmf]gdf pxfFn] b'O6f s'/f cK7]/f] k¥of] eGb} ef]ln x'g] ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ffsf] ;df/f]xdf ;DdfggLo ;efklt em08f ;lxt b/af/ cfpg' x'g]5, gofF ;+ljwfgdf /fh;efsf] :yfg gx'Fbf pxffn] Tof] em08f 5f]k]/ hfg] ls s] ug]{, tkfO{+sf] % jif]{ lgo'lQmsf] cjlw ;lsg cem} s]xL jif{ affsL 5, o;df s] ug]{ egL ;f]Wg' eof] . ;DejtM Toxff >L % sf] klg pkl:yt /x]sf] lyof] . d}n] Tolt ;/n s'/f lsg ;f]w]sf] xf]nf eGb} h'ga]nf;Dd h'g dflg; h'g kbdf /xG5, Tof] a]nf;Dd Tof] kbsf] ;'ljwfx? p;n] ef]u ug{ kfpF5, Tof] kbaf6 xl6;s]kl5 ;'ljwf s;}n] klg kfpFb}gg\ . pbfx/0fs} ?kdf lng] xf] eg] /fhf dx]Gb|sf ;dodf em08f xfn]/ b/af/ hfg] dGqLx? lj36g x'Fbf em08f 5f]kL cfPsf lyP . ca /x\of] d]/f] s'/f– d]/f] 7fpFdf csf{nfO{ lgo'lQm lbOPsf] eP kf] dnfO{ lrQ b'VYof]– kb g} g/x] kl5 s] s'/f /x\of] eg]+ . To;/L d cjsfzdf k/]+ . k]G;g r}+ ToxL kbsf] vfFb}5' .

á clxn]sf] zf;g k|zf;g x]bf{ s:tf] dx;'; ug'{ ePsf] 5 <

– d}n] /fhgLlt slxNo} ul/g . /fhgLltsf] Fs’ klg dnfO{ cfpFb}g . t/ xfdL /fi6«;]jsx?sf] hgtfk|lt s] st{Jo x'G5 eGg] s'/f r}+ dnfO{ /fd|/L yfxf 5 . cfh hgtfsf] k|ltlgwTj ug]{ g]tfx? hgtfnfO{ h'g jrg / cfZjf;g lbP/ cfPsf 5g\, pgLx?sf] xfdL /fi6«;]jsx? hlt klg hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL gePsf] Jojxf/ b]Vbf r}+ dnfO{ clxn] a8f] cfZro{ nfu]sf] 5 . g]tfx?sf] e"ldsf ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g .

á e|i6frf/ ub}{ ug'{ ePg eg] of] 3/ s;/L agfpg' eof] t <

– Ps hgf ldqsf] cg'/f]wdf s~rgk'/df @! lj3f hdLg ;+ro sf]ifaf6 ?=!$,$)) lgsfnL lsg]sf] lyPF . cfkmGts} sf/0f Tof] dWo] bz lj3f a]rL wgu9Ldf tLg s7\7f 38]/L lsGg' k¥of] . kl5 Tof] hdLgsf] d"No a9\b} uof] . sf7df8f}+ a:g] ljrf/ cPkl5 wgu9L ahf/leqsf] Tof] hdLg ;f9] ;f]x| nfvdf laqmL u/L of] 3/ agfPsf] x'F .

á clxn] b]zdf JofKt e|i6frf/ ePsf] ;'Gbf s:tf] nfu]sf] 5 <

– cToGt b'Mv nfu]/ cfpF5 . b'Mv klg s:tf] eg] Psk6s ;f+;b dxfb]j ofbjsf] ;+of]hsTjdf e|i6frf/ lgjf/0f s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{ Pp6f cfof]u u7g ePsf] lyof], h;df d, ef]h/fh kf]v/]n /fwf/d0f pkfWofo / >Lxl/ cof{n klg lyof}+ . Tof] k|ltj]bgdf xfdLn] :ki6 ?kdf e|i6frf/nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;Sg] pkfox? pNn]v u/]sf lyof}+ . e|i6frf/ eGg] o:tf] Pp6f /f]u xf], h;sf] sf/0faf6 g} cfh xfd|f] b]zsf] of] cj:yf x'g k'u]sf] xf]– of] s'/f hf] sf]xLn] :jLsf/]sf 5g\ . ljs[lt cfpg'sf] d"n sf/0f g} e|i6frf/ xf] . /fhg}lts kf6L{x?sf] e|i6frf/ lj?4sf] k|lta4tf geP/ klg of] a9]sf] xf] . kf6L{sf] k|ltj]bg / ;/sf/sf] sl6a4tf cg';f/ sfd x'g] xf] eg] %) k|ltzt e|i6frf/ t To;} 36]/ hfG5 . t/ xfdLn] lbPsf] Tof] k|ltj]bg To;} ylGsof] . To;sf] jf:t} ul/Pg . kl/0ffd o:t} x'g uof] . e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f ug{] sfdnfO{ ;/sf/n] lsg k|fyldstf glbPsf], crDd nfu]sf] 5 .

á k|zf;goGqdf /fhgLlts/0f eof] elgG5 lg <

– s'/f ljNs'n ;xL xf] . h;sf nflu b'j} kIf lhDd]jf/ 5g\ . /fhgLlts JolQmx? cfkm\gf] :jfy{sf nflu klg To:tf s]xL sfd ug{ u/fpg nfU5g\ . t/ sfg'g eGg] s'/f o:tf] xf] ls To;nfO{ tf]8\g] clwsf/ jt{dfg ;+ljwfg P]g sfg'g cg';f/ >L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/nfO{ klg 5}g . s'g} klg kIfn] sfg'g tf]8\g kfpFb}g . /fhgLlts JolQmx?n] sd{rf/LnfO{ eg]/ sfg'gn] glbPsf] s'/f cfkm\gf] kIfdf u/fpg] u/]sf 5g\ – h'g sfg'gsf] 7f8} pNn+3g xf] . To;}u/L sd{rf/Ln] klg dGqLx?nfO{ l/emfP/ /fd|f] kbdf hfgsf nflu lgod ljk/Lt klg sfd ug{ kl5 k/]sf 5}gg\ . Tof] sd{rf/L kIfsf] sdhf/L xf] . sd{rf/L tGqdf /fhgLlts/0f x'g'df b'j} kIf bf]ifL 5g\ . t/ klg sd{rf/L eg]sf] d'n'ssf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] a'l4hLjLx?sf] hdft xf] . clzlIft JolQmn] of] If]qdf k|j]z g} kfpFb}g . t/ sd{rf/Ldf x'g] cgjfZos gd{;x?nfO{ d]G6]g ug{ g;s]sf]n] sd{rf/Lx?sf] k|lti7f / e"ldsf lu/]sf] 5 .

nf6f]a'+uf]sf] 8fo/L

d's'Gb cfrfo{

;]7hL d/0ff;Gg cj:yfdf c:ktfnsf] d[To'z}+of -a]8_ df 56lk6+b} lyP . 5f]/fx?n] ;f]w]– lktfhL, s'g} o:tf] Jofkf/ atfpg';\ h;df slxNo} 3f6f gxf];\ .

a'9f ;]7hLn] w]/} j]/;Dd u+eL/ lrGtg u/L a8f] k|i6sf;fy eg], afa' xf], dg]{ a]nfdf s] em'6f] af]Ng' . cfh;Dd t em'6s} a]kf/ u/]/ n'6 u/]+ . d]/f] s'/f Wofgn] ;'g . jsfnt g} Pp6f o:tf] k]zf xf] h;df slxNo} 3f6f 5}g . xf/] klg jlsnn] lkm; kfOxfN5g\, lht] eg] emg\ alS;;sf;fy lkm; kfpF5g\ . b'a} xftdf n8\8" .

5f]/fx?n] eg], xfdL a]kf/L, sxfF jsfnt ug{ hfg] .

a"9fn] eg], jsfnt klg slxNo} 3f6f gnfUg] Ps a]kf/ t xf] lg Û dfGg' gdfGg' ltdLx? hfg . cfkm" t :j0f{lt/sf] 6'/df hfg] .

k|oTg ljgfsf sfd / tof/L ljgfsf] jftf{n] lgsf; lbg ;Sb}g

vu]Gb| sfsL{

Gofosf] dof{bf gePsf] /fHodf To; /fHosf] cfbz{ :vlnt eP/ hfG5 .

– aL=kL=sf]O/fnf

jf:tjdf cfh ljZj]Zj/k|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] of] egfO{n] ;fy{stf kfPsf] 5 . xhf/f}+ ;lxbsf] /ut clg aL=kL=, u0f]zdfgh:tf ;fx;L, TofuL clg pgLx?sf] ;dk{0faf6 lgld{t u/]sf] kf6L{ / g]tfx? cfh cfP/ b'O{ v]dfdf ljeQm ePsf] 5 . kbLo lhDd]jf/L eGbf 6f9f uP/ cfkm\gf s'/fx? ;xdltdf gcfpg] cj:yfdf jf ax'dtsf] sb/ g} gu/L ;fwf/0f 6s/fjsf] cj:yfdf g]tfx? ljgf sf/0f e8\lsg], Ps JolQmn] x7ft lg0f{o ug]{ / Pp6f JolQm jf kf6L{sf] sf/0f b]z} ;+s6df kfg]{ k|j[lQ a9]/ uPsf] 5 . kf6L{ / g]tfsf o:tf rl/qsf] gf+uf] k|bz{gn] /fHosf] cfbz{ g} :vlnt eP/ hfg] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 . JolQmut cxdtf b]vfP/} eP klg dgf]dflnGo u/f}+ eGg] efjgf ePsf t/ 6'lqmgaf6 8/fpg] dfgl;stf af]s]sf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tfx?nfO{ cflv/df lgjf{rg cfof]un] g} 6'qm\ofOlbPsf] 5 . cflv/df Ps kIfn] gofF kf6L{ btf{ ug}{ kg]{ l:yltsf] ;[hgf ul/lbPsf sf/0f sf+u|];s} gfddf csf]{ kf6L{sf] hGd e};s]sf] 5 . ljutnfO{ la;]{/ jt{dfgdf /dfpg rfxg] :jfyL{ g]tfx?sf] lgs[i7 dgf]j[lQsf] sf/0fn] cfh /fi6«n] cft+sjfbsf] ;fdgf ul//xg' k/]sf] cj:yf Psflt/ 5b}+5 eg] csf{lt/ k|hftGqsf lxdfotL 7fGg] g]tfx?sf] k|hftGqsf nflu h] h:tf];'s} cj:yfsf] klg ;fdgf ug'{k5{ eGg] dfgl;stfaf6 klG5Psf 5g\ . b]zsf k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx?n] sflt{s @& ut] r'gfj x'g] lglZrt eO{ r'gfjL sfo{tflnsf ;d]t k|sflzt eO;s]sf] cj:yfdf hgtfaf6} 8/fP/ r'gfj ;fg{ nufpg] g]tf s] g]tf < lgjf{rg xFb}g eGg]x? lgjf{rgaf6 8/fPsf sfFt/x? x'g eGg] ;/sf/n] ;Qfdf a;L/xg] nfn;fn] r'gfjnfO{ e¥ofª agfP/ sfo{sfn a9fpg] Wo]on] r'gfj x'Fb}g eg]/ d'vdf d'v ldnfpFb}5 . g]tfx?n] k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf] d]?b08 af]s]sf] r'gfjaf6 o;/L v'§f tfGg] xf] / ;/sf/n] b[9 ljZjf; ;+sNk lnP/ sfd ug]{ xf] eg] /fli6«o efjL lqmofsnfkx? s;/L cufl8 a9\nfg\ < sd;]sd r'gfj u/fpg' k5{ eg]/ ;a} kIfaf6 clnslt kxn jf k|oTg t ug'{ ;Sg' kYof]{ lg Û k|oTg ljgf g} r'gfj x'Fb}g eg]/ ;a} kf6L{sf g]tf tyf To;}sf] nxnx}df nfu]/ ;/sf/n] klg cfkm\gf] cs{d0otfsf] v'nf k|bz{g u/]sf] 5 . r'gfj x'g} g;Sg] l:yltsf] /fi6«df hgtf ufpFdf s;/L a;]sf xf]nfg < of] sNkgf zfob tL g]tfx?n] ug}{ EofPsf 5}gg\ xf]nf . g]tf tyf sfo{stf{ ufpFdf uP/ cfkm\gf ultljlw tyf /fhgLlts lqmofsnfkx¿ cuf8L a9fpFbf a9fpFb} klg sflt{s @& ut] r'gfj x'g ;s]g eg] k|ltlglw ;ef :jtM k'g{:yflkt x'G5, ;+ljwfg slxNo} db}{g . /fhf ;+ljwfg eGbf dfly uP/ slxNo} ;lqmo x'g] cj:y} 5}g eg]/ ;+ljwfg lgdf{tfx¿n] elg/x]sf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg ;+s6df 5, k|hftGq} ;+s6df 5, ;+j}wflgs ;+s6 cfpFb}5 eg]/ s'ln{/xg'sf] s'g} cy{ 5}g . oxfF t v's'/L eGbf sb{ nfUg] h:t} ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg agfpg] eGbf c? JolQmx¿ g} a9L hfGg] ag]sf 5g\ . k|oTg ubf{ ub}{ klg r'gfj x'g ;s]g eg] :jtM k|ltlglw ;ef Ao'FltG5 eg] lsg r'gfjL gf}6+sL b]vfO/x]sf 5g\ < of] ;f]rgLo s'/f ePsf] 5 .

Psflt/ dfcf]jfbLsf] cft+ssjfbn] r/d ;Ldf gf3]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ ;]gf / k|x/Ln] u/]sf sf/jfxLn] lgbf]{if JolQmx?sf] klg csfnd} Hofg u}/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . o:tf] l:yltdf s;}n] klg k"0f{?kdf /fi6«sf] lxt x'g] s'/f ul//x]sf 5}gg\ . ;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf] :jfy{ / /fhgLlts bfpk]rsf] lvrftfgLdf dfcf]jfbL cft+snfO{ cNemfPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL cft+snfO{ e¥ofª agfP/ ;Qfsf] /fhgLlt ug{ klNsPsf g]tfx?sf] rl/qn] cfh ufpF dfq geP/ b]z} phf8 eO;s]sf] cj:yfdf km]l/ jftf{sf] s'/f p7fPsf 5g\ . @)%@ ;fndf dfcf]jfbL h+un k;]/ /fv]sf $! ;'qLo dfunfO{ ;dod} 5nkmn u/]/ lgsf; lbg rfx]sf eP b]zn] cfh of] b'u{lt ef]Ug kg]{ lyPg . dfcf]jfbL h+un k;]/ v'ndv'Nnf ?kdf cfkm\gf lqmofsnfk ubf{ ;a}n] sfgdf t]n xfn]/, cfFvfdf k§L afFw]/ a;] . ha pgLx? pu|?kdf plqP To;kl5 ;a} ;kgfaf6 laplem+P em} eP/ /ldtf x]g{ ljjz eP . x'g t dfcf]jfbLjfbL;+u @)%* ;fndf klg jftf{ ul/of] t/ Tof] jftf{ ljgf tof/L 6]andf a;]/ u/]sf] jftf{ ePsf]n] ljgf lgisif{ 6'+luof] . To;}u/L ljgf 5nkmn, ljgf Ph]08f jftf{df a:g] xf] eg] Tof] jftf{ ;dosf] jjf{bLafx]s s]xL x'g] 5}g . olb ;fFRr} g} dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{ ug]{ xf] eg] pgLx?sf dfuk|lt ;Dk"0f{ kf6L{, ;/sf/ Pjd\ a'l4hLjL Ps eP/ klxn] 5nkmn u/]/ lg0f{odf k'u]kl5 ;a} kf6L{ ;d]l6Psf] Pp6f pRr :t/Lo jftf{ 6f]nL agfP/ dfq dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cfx\jfg ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofnfO{ /fli6«o d'2fsf] ?kdf lnP/ 5nkmn ubf{ xr'jfsf] e/df xf]Og, x'g ;Sg] / ug{ ;lsg] ;'wf/ ;+ljwfg;Ddt 9+un] ug{ vf]Hg' kb{5 . o;/L k"0f{ tof/Lsf;fy jftf{df uOof] eg] jftf{kl5 ;/sf/, /fhgLlts kf6L{ / dfcf]jfbLn] cf–cfkm\gf] lbzfaf]w ug{ ;S5g\ . xf]Og eg] /fhgLlts kf6L{, dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/sf] hfnf] ;w}+e/L h]ln/xg] 5 To;n] s'g} lgsf; kfpFb}g / /fi6« ;w}e/L g} lbzfxLg e} /xg]5  .

– k'tnL;8s, sf7df8f}+

clVtof/ lsg ;':tfof] <

ljkLg s];L

e|i6frf/sf] hfFtf]df lk+lwP/ kL8f dx;'; ul//x]sf g]kfnL hgtfn] clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] sf/jfxL kl5 qf0f kfP . pgLx?n] tTsfnsf] nflu, b]zsf] nflu ;f]Rg] / cfkm\gf] st{Jok|lt k|lta4 ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf] pbon] hgtfn] /fxt dx;'; u/] . ;DejtM ;+j}wflgs lgsfon] u/]sf] sfdsf] af/]df olt ljWg :jfut ul/Psf] zfob of] klxnf] 36gf xf] . g]kfnL hgtfn] clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] sfdk|lt :jfutdf s/tn Wjlg dfq lgsfn]gg\, cfufdL lbgdf p;sf] lqmofsnfk o:t} ultn] cl3 a9f];\ eGg] z'e]R5f klg lbP . b]zdf b'O{ xhf/ e|i6frf/L ePsf] rrf{ rln/x]sf] a]nfdf @@ hgf sd{rf/LnfO{ kqmfp ubf{ ;d]t oqf] xnrn dlRrof] . lglZrt 5, clVtof/n] To;eGbf dflyNnf] txdf s;}nfO{ sf/jfxL u/]sf] eP To; sbdsf] cem v'n]/ :jfut x'GYof] . t/ /fhgLlts JolQmdfly Ps} k6s xft xfNbf /fhgLlts cf/f]k k|Tof/f]kaf6 aRg g;Sg] tyf hgtfsf] efjgf a'em\gsf] nflu eP klg p;n] of] k]ZsL sf/jfxL u/]sf] x'g ;S5 . o;nfO{ klg ;sf/fTds dfGg ;lsG5 . cNkljsl;t /fi6«df hgfwf/ ePsf] JolQmn] hgtf Psf]xf]¥ofpg ;S5 . olb To;f] ePdf ;+j}wflgs lgsfo :jo+ klg ‘k+u'’ agfOg ;S5 .

cfof]un] To;kl5 cfkm\gf] sf/jfxLdf tLj|tf Nofpg], pRr txdf sf/jfxL yflng] atfPsf] lyof] . To;a]nf cfof]usf] ;Lldt ;|f]t ;fwgn] klg hgtfn] ;f]r] cg'?ksf] sf/jfxL ug{ g;s]sf] x'g ;S5 . t/ clxn] clVtof/n] @@ hgf kqmfp u/]sf] nfdf] ;do lalt;s]sf] 5 . ca p, ToxL @@ hgfnfO{ df/]sf] 5fkf sf/jfxLsf] Aofhaf6 dfq lrlgg ;Sb}g . olb To;/L a9\g vf]Hof] eg] k'/fgf] ;fv klg lug]{ 8/ x'G5 . To;}n] cfof]un] k'/fgf] ;fv hf]ufpg dfq xf]Og, cfof]uk|lt nufOPsf lemgf dl;gf cf/f]kx?sf] k|ltjfb ug{ klg p;n] cfkm\gf] sf/jfxL k|lqmofnfO{ r':t / tLj| kfg'{ k5{ . ha @@ hgf ;dft]/ c? gDa/L km6fxfx?nfO{ pDSofpg d2t k'¥ofPsf] cf/f]k klg cfof]un] vf]Hg'k5{ .

– ljzfngu/, sf7df8f}+

;+s6sf] lgsf; lbg Psh'6 Û

/d]z >]i7

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P afa' Û P 5f]/f ltd|f] cfo' nfdf] ;do;Dd afFRg ;Sg] g]tfsf] h:tf] xf];\ h;n] ubf{ nfdf] ;do;Dd ltd|f] pbf/n] ljleGg s'/fx? kfRo ?kn] vfg ;sf];\ . o;/L vfFbf ltdL g]tf eof}+ eg] h:tf];'s} lrh cfP klg kRg]5, pd]/n] s]xL n5fg]{jfnf 5}g, a'9];sfndf ltd|f bfFt geP klg luhfn] bfFtsf] sfd u?g\, sldzg vfg bfFt rflxGg . o;}n] P Û 5f]/f ltdL g]tf eP/ bL3{hLjL ag .

n:ltd|f] >La[l4 xf];\, ltdLn] nfvsf] s'/f gu/ c/adf hfp, c/a ljgfsf] lx;fa s] lx;fa . >La[l4sf nflu ltdL h:t};'s} sfd ug'{ k/] klg kl5 gx6\g' x]/ . a'xf/Lsf v'§fdf Ps dfgf l3p 9Nbf klg x/fpFnf h:tf] 5 km'6]/ <Û ca o;nfO{ d/Ddt u/ . g]tf ag < ‘/fd’ nfO{ x]/ t < lxhf] n'v'/ n'v'/ lx+8]sf] s]6fsf] Sof km"lt{ 5, lxhf] p;n] b'Mv kfPsf] sNkgf s;}n] ug{ ;S5 < lxhf]sf p;sf ;fyLx? e]l8uf]7sf uf]7d} 5g\ . /fdsf] h:t} ltd|f] >La[l4 xf];\ Û afa' Û hflu/ vfP/ >La[l4 slxNo} gug'{ e/;s hflu/ vfFb} gvfg' . b]v]gf}+ cl:tdfq clVtof/n] slt hflu/]nfO{ hfSof], t/ Pp6f klg g]tfnfO{ hfSg ;s]g . o;}n] afa' d ltdLnfO{ g]t} x'g] cflzs lbG5' . g]tfx?n] zfg lbP/ gofF df]8nsf] sf/ r9]sf] b]v]gf}+ < Toqf Toqf ejgx? ‘g]tf’ eP/ esfes hGdfPsf] yfxf kfPgf}+ < s'g} ‘bfOhf]’ ?kdf / s'g} ‘;fnL’ gfdsf hGd]sf] ;DklQdf s;}n] s]xL ubf]{ /x]g5 < s'/f a'em Û d]/f s'/fx? cToGt u+eL/ 5g\ . aL; jif{ rs / 8:6/ xftdf lnP/ s]xL ug{ g;Sg] df:6/ rflx+ gx'g' . a? df:6/ eP klg /fhgLlt u/, dGqL xf]p, clg vfg;Dd vfp kR5, gkRg] s'/} 5}g . Tof] dGqL lxhf]sf] df:6/;fk t xf] lg Û nf} cfh x]/ . To;}n] afa' Û g]tf / g]tfdf klg dGqL ag]kl5 clVtof/sf cfFvf Totf kg]{ ljlQs} /tGwf] eP h:tf] s]xL klg b]Vtf /x]g5g\ .

P Û 5f]/f Û zq'nfO{ Ifo ug{ klg g]tf eP/ s';L{d} hfg' kb{5 . b]v]gf}+ ufpFe/L dfg]{ / dg]{ qmd hf/L 5 . ha ha s';L{df x'g]5f}+ ltdLdf ckf/ zlQm ;~rf/ ePsf] dx;'; x'g]5, ltd|f tL Vofp/] cg'xf/df /f}gstf 5fpg] 5, clg ltd|f jl/kl/ zlQmzfnL /Iff sjr xf}+ . ltdL zq'nfO{ vtd ug]{ k|0f :jt ug]{5f}+ . c?nfO{ t[i0ff a/fa/ ;+lemg] 5f}+ ltdLnfO{ Tof] 7fpFdf k'¥ofpg]nfO{ g} 3ft ug]{5f}+ . To;/L 3ft gu/L s]xL klg xft kg]{ 5}g . s';L{sf /f}gstfn] ldqnfO{ zq' / zq'nfO{ ldq b]Vg]5f}+ . zq' bdg ug{ kbf{ klxn] leq bdg u/ afa' . g]tf eP/ s';L{df a;, ul/j hgtfnfO{ dfq xf]Og, cfkm\g} ;fyLx?nfO{ klg vtd agfp . cfly{s ?kn] of] d'n'snfO{ ‘Ifo/f]u’ nflu;s]sf] 5 . Ifoo/f]un] u|:t d'n'sdf zq' Ifo ug]{ gfddf vfg;Dd vfp, vfg g8/fpm vfO{ g;s]sf lrhx? /fVg] 7fpF w]/} 5g\ . ;a} la:tf/n] s] egf}+ < cflzs lbG5' afa' s';L{jfnf g]tf ag . b]z s+ufn ag] klg ltdL ;DkGg x'g', b]z 8'a] klg ltdL plq/xg' <Û b]z /f]P klg ltdL ;Qf?kL s';L{df a;]/ xfFl;/xg' Û / zq'ldq' Ifo ul//xg' <<

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;Qf?kL s';L{df a:of] eg] ltdLnfO{ ufnL ug]{, x]Kg] / ;Qf];/fk ug]{x?n] klg ‘dfg’ lbg s/} nfU5 . s'g} ef]h et]/, pb\3f6g ;Daf]wgdf ltd|} ‘dfg’ lbg s/} nfU5 . s'g} ef]h et]/, pb\3f6g ;Daf]wgdf ltd|} dfg a9L x'G5 . ef]h et]/df ltdLn] vfg ;'? gu/L c?n] ub}{gg\ . pb\3f6g ltd|} xftaf6 x'G5 / s'g} ;ef, uf]i7Ldf af]Ng k¥of] eg] ltdLn] clGtddf af]Ng kfpF5f}+, h;n] ubf{ lj/f]wLx?sf s'/f sf6g kfpg] 5f}+ . c?nfO{ km'6fn]/ cfkm" ;Qfdf /xg]df ltd|f] a'l4 nflu/xf];\ . cfkm\gfnfO{ km'6fP/, ljuf/]/ h] u/]/ eP klg ;Qfsf] s';L{ 5f]8\g] sfd slxNo} gu/f];\ . o;sf nflu lxhf]sf k'm6kfy]x?nfO{ c+sdfn u/L /ftf/ft wgf9\o agfP;\ To:tfn] lbPsf] ;Nnfx adf]lhd sfd u/];\, o;f] ugf{n] pgLx?n] 7Ls 7Ls a'l4 lbg]5g\ . ‘tF’ g]tf xf];\ eGg] dfg lbg]5g\, clg t}n] sLt]{ sfd klg ug{ ;Sg]5;\ . sLt]{ sfd ug{ l;sfpg]x?nfO{ cfkm\gf jl/kl/ /fVg t]/f] a'l4 ;lk|of];\ . c;n g]tf x'g c;n kf6L{ klg rflxG5, Pp6f s'/f slxNo} gla;{g' æb'Mv kfPsf, blnt kLl8t / dlxnfx?sf] xfd|f] kf6L{ xf] eGg g5f]8\g';Æ t/ leqL ;Nnfxsf/df t:s/, hfnL km6fxf, sldzgvf]/nfO{ /fVg ge'Ng' < o;f] ubf{ Ps t tFnfO{ cfly{s kmfObf x'G5 / csf]{lt/ b'lgofFn] t]/f] kf6L{sf] xfO{ xfO{ ug]{5g\ . t]/f] a'l4 b]v]/ b'lgofF b+u kg]{5g\ .

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cy{rqm

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] gfddf a|Dxn'6

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf k7fpg] ;/sf/sf] cflwsfl/s lgsfo >d dGqfno / ljefudf x'g] u/]sf] e|i6frf/ / clgoldttfnfO{ glhsaf6 x]l//x]sf Odfgbf/ sd{rf/Lx? g} hLa|f] 6f]Sg yfn]sf 5g\ . ;fdfGo kmfOn cufl8 a9fpg]b]lv lnP/ Dofgkfj/ sDkgL btf{df x'g] e|i6frf/n] ;Ldf gf3]sf] 5 . Dofgkfj/ sDkgL / ljefusf e|i6 sd{rf/Lx?sf] ldnf]dtf]df Jofks dfqfdf /fh:j r'xfj6 u/fP/ a|Dxn'6 dRrfOPsf] ToxfF sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx? g} atfpF5g\ . pgLx? eG5g\– ljb]z dflg; k7fpg] b'O{j6f k|lqmof 5g\ . Pp6f JolQmut le;f -ljb]zdf ePsf cfkmGtn] k7fPsf] le;fdf hfg]_ / bf];|f] Dofgkfj/ sDkgL dfkm{t . JolQmut ?kdf ljb]z hfg] JolQmn] % ?k}ofFsf] l6s6 6fF;]/ >d ljefudf lgj]bg lbg' k5{ t/ Dofgkfj/ sDkgL / ljefusf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ldnf]dtf]df Dofgkfj/ sDkgLn] NofPsf] sf]6fnfO{ JolQmut sf]6fdf abn]/ clwsf+z dflg; ljb]z k7fpg] ul/Psf] 5 . o;f] ubf{ Psflt/ ljb]z k7fOPsf JolQmx?sf] bfloTj Dofgkfj/ sDkgLn] lng' kb}{g . ljb]zdf k'u]kl5 ;+emf}tf adf]lhdsf] ;'ljwf kfPgg\ eg] klg Dofgkfj/ sDkgLn] bfloTj lng' kb}{g . ljb]zdf k'u]kl5 ;+emf}tf adf]lhdsf] ;'ljwf kfPgg\ eg] klg Dofgkfj/ sDkgLn] bfloTj lng' kb}{g . Psflt/ sfdbf/nfO{ vf8L d'n'sdf k7fpgsf nflu Dofgkfj/ sDkgLx?n] %) b]lv ! nfv ?k}ofF;Dd c;'n ub{5g\ . t/ To;/L /sd c;'n u/] klg JolQmut ;Dks{sf cfwf/df le;f lnPsf] sfuhft agfP/ pgLx?nfO{ aflx/ k7fOG5 . o;n] ubf{ Psflt/ b]zsf ul/a hgtf df/df kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ eg] csf]{tkm{ /fh:jdf ;d]t 7uL x'g] u/]sf] 5 . Pp6f Dofgkfj/ sDkgLn] gjLs/0f kfpg jflif{s sDtLdf %) sfdbf/ aflx/ k7fpg' kg]{ sfg'gL k|fjwfg 5 . t/ clxn] ljBdfg @%) sDkgLdWo] clwsf+zn] jflif{s %) b]lv !)) ;Dd dflg;x?nfO{ ;+:yfut ?kdf aflx/ k7fpg] u/]sf 5g\ eg] To;sf] @÷# u'gf a9L dflg;nfO{ JolQmut ;Dks{sf cfwf/df le;f lnP/ aflx/ uPsf] gSsnL sfuh agfP/ aflx/ k7fpg] u/]sf 5g\ .

of] k|s/0fdf Dofgkfj/ sDkgLnfO{ dGqL, /fHodGqL, ;lrj / ljefusf k|d'v;Ddsf] ;+/If0f x'g] u/]sf] bfjL ;"qsf] 5 . Tolt dfq xf]Og k};f glbP;Dd dGqLx? g} kmfOn n'sfpg] ub{5g\ . Dofgkfj/ sDkgLaf6 cfpg] sldzgsf] lx;fa lstfa gldn]sfn] g} s]xL ;do klxnf >d tyf oftfoft dGqL kfNt]g u'?ª / /fHodGqL lzj/fh hf]zLaLr dgd'6fj pTkGg eof] / s]xL ;do af]nrfn g} aGb eof] . of] k|s/0f Tolt a]n} ;fj{hlgs ePs} xf] . ;"q eG5– Pp6f kmfOn ;b/ ubf{ nfvf}+ /sdsf] v]n x'g] ub{5 . dGqL, /fHodGqL, ;lrj / ljefusf k|d'vsf nflu Dofgkfj/ sDkgLx?n] dfl;s ! b]lv @ nfv ?k}ofF a'emfpg] ub{5g\ .

sfg'gtM j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] sfdbf/af6 p;n] kfpg] klxnf] dlxgfsf] kfl/>ldssf] @% k|ltzt /sd a'emfpg' k5{ . / To;/L j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] JolQmn] sDtLdf dfl;s !@% 8n/ kfl/>lds kfpg' k5{ t/ Dofgkfj/ sDkgLx?n] gSsnL sfuhkq dfkm{t a9L kfl/>lds kfpg] cfZjf;g lbP/ em'Sofpg] u/]sf 36gf k|z:t 5g\ . % b]lv ^ ;o l/ofn kfpg] cfZjf;g ;lxt df]6f] /sd c;'n u/]/ aflx/ k7fOPsf g]kfnL sfdbf/x?n] #)) l/ofn klg d'l:snn] kfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . dn]l;of hfg] clwsf+z g]kfnL sfdbf/x? t zt{ adf]lhdsf] sfd gkfP/ :jb]z kmls{Psf 5g\ . t/ 7uL u/]/ sfdbf/ k7fpg] sDkgLx?dfly sf/jfxL ul/of];\ eGg] Joxf]/fsf ;of}+ lgj]bg >d ljefudf ylGsPsf] ToxfF sfo{/t sd{rf/L g} atfpF5g\ .

cf7 xhf/ l;ln08/sf]

ljqmL /f]Ssf

vfgf ksfpg] Pn=kL= Uof;sf] Joj;fodf Psk6s km]l/ xnrn dlRrPsf] 5 . bz}+sf] cfudg;+u} pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ 5'6 lbg] xf]8jfhL Jofkf/Lx? dfem rNg] ub{5 . t/ s]xL Uof; sDkgLx?n] bz}+sf] df}sf kf/]/ 7uL ug{ /r]sf] k|k~r c;kmn ePsf] 5 . tf]lsPsf] dfkb08eGbf sd Uof; /fv]/ 7uL ug]{ Uof; sDkgLx?dfly jfl0fHo ljefun] ut d+unaf/b]lv sf/jfxL k|f/De u/]sf] 5 . ljefun] cg'udgsf qmddf 58\s] hfFr ubf{ vfgf ksfpg] Uof;Fsf] l;ln08/df sd Uof; /fVg] uf}/Lz+s/ Uof;sf $ xhf/ l;ln08/ l;naGbL u/L laqmL ug{ aGb]h nufPsf] 5 . ;f] UofF; sDkgLåf/f pTkflbt Pe/]i6 / Hof]lt Uof;sf l8n/df 5fkf dfbf{ !) j6fdf sd tf}n /x]sf] kfOPsf] lyof] . To;}u/L Hof]lt Uof;sf] (( j6f z+sf:kb l;ln08/ kqmfp ul/Psf] lyof] . ljefun] Pe/]i6 / Hof]lt Uof;sf l;ln08/x?df tf]lsPsf] dfkb08eGbf sd Uof; el/Psf] kfOPsf]n] uf}/Lz+s/ Uof; sDkgLdf /x]sf $ xhf/ Uof;dWo] s]xLnfO{ gd'gfsf] ?kdf hfFr ubf{ ToxfF klg sd tf}n kfOof] . jfl0fHo ljefusf dxflgb]{zs s[i0fxl/ afF:sf]6fn] eGg'eof]— ahf/df klg sdtf}nsf] l;ln08/ kfOof] . gd"gfsf ?kdf sDkgLd} /flvPsf] l;ln08/ hfFr k'gM ubf{ km]l/ tf]lsPsf] dfkb08eGbf sd Uof; u/]sf] kfOPsfn] Tof] sDkgLsf $ xhf/ l;ln08/ ‘l;h’ ul/Psf] xf]– uf}/Lz+s/ Uof;sf] tf}n ug]{ d]l;g ;d]t ;xL cj:yfdf gkfOPsfn] u'0f:t/ ljefun] cg';Gwfg gu/];Dd ‘l;h’ ul/Psf $ xhf/ l;ln08/ laqmL ug{ glbOg] ePsf] 5 . $–% dlxgf cl3 klg ljefun] Pp6f Uof; sDkgLsf] $ xhf/ l;ln08/ l;n u/]sf] lyof] . Tof] sDkgLdflysf] sf/jfxL hf/L g} 5 . @)%# ;fndf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] cfrf/;+lxtf cg';f/ Pp6f l;ln08/df csf]{ pBf]un] Uof; eg{ kfpFb}g / Pp6f Uof;sf] l8n/n] csf]{ Uof; a]Rg kfpFb}g . vfgf ksfpg] Uof;sf] l;ln08/df !$=@ s]=hL=Uof; x'g'k5{ . g]kfndf clxn] !^–!& j6f sDkgLsf * nfv l;ln08/ /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfn cfon lgudn] vfg] Uof;sf] k|lt l;lnG8/ !@% ?lkofF cg'bfg lbPsf] 5 t/ Tof] Uof; 6]Dkf] / dfOqmf]a;x?n] ;d]ty k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ .

dfl;s @)) b]lv # ;o d]l6«s6g PnkL Uof; t 6]Dkf] / dfOqmf]a;n] k|of]u u5{g\ h;n] ubf{ pkef]Qmfn] Uof; kfpg sl7g x'G5 . g]kfndf ^#% d]l6«s 6g Uof; :6f]/ ug]{ Ifdtf 5 h'g sf7df8f}+df & lbgdf dfq vkt x'G5 . g]kfnnfO{ k|lt dlxgf % xhf/ @ ;o d]l6«s 6g Uof; cfjZos k5{ . To;}n] k[YjL /fhdfu{df kg]{ s[i0feL/ aGb x'Fbf ;w}+ Uof;sf] cefj >[hgf x'g] u/]sf] xf] .

;ftfsf] :j/

wf/f !@& sf] k|of]u u/]/ k|ltlglw;efnfO{ Ao'Ftfpg' cg'ko'Qm, c;Dej jf c;+j}wflgs x'Fb}g eGg] s'/f k|i6 5 . ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf gePsf] k|ltlglw;ef Ao'Ftfpg] s'/f s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 / -<_ eGg] klg s;}–s;}sf] egfO 5 . o; ;DaGwdf olt eGg' g} kof{Kt x'G5 wf/f !@& cGtu{t hf/L x'g] cfb]z ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf gePs} ;dfwfgsf nflu x'G5 . ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf ePsf] k|fjwfgx?af6 ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg x'g] eP ;+j}wflgs ult/f]w jf afwf c8\sfp g} pTkGg x'Fb}g . Tof] gx'g] ePkl5 g} ;+j}wflgs ult/f]w pTkGg x'g] / wf/f !@& sf] k|of]u ug'{kg]{ cj:yf cfpF5 . lgjf{rgsf] ldlt k/ ;fg]{ Joj:yf klg ;+ljwfgdf 5}g . lgjf{rgsf] ldlt k/ ;fg{ ;lsG5 eg] afwf c8\sfp km'sfpgsf] nflu cfjZos eP k|ltlglw;efnfO{ Ao'Ftfpg lsg ldNb}g, d}n] a'em\g ;s]sf] 5}g . jt{dfg l:yltdf b]znfO{ lgjf{rgsf] emd]nfaf6 sDtLdf @, # jif{;Dd 5'6sf/f lbg ;Sg] / ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] u7g u/L dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf nflu Psa4 eO{ kxn ug{ ;lsg] cj;/ k|fKt x'g] ePsfn] ;d]t k|ltlglw;efsf] k'g:yf{kgf x'g' ;dosf] dfu xf] eGg] d]/f] wf/0ff 5 . o;nfO{ cfkm\gf] k|lti7fsf] ljifo gagfP/ b]z / hgtfsf] lxtsf nflu o; ;DaGwdf pko'Qm lg0f{o ug]{ pQ/bfloTj ;/sf/n] lgjf{x ug'{ cfjZos 5 .

– ljZjgfy pkfWofo ;+ljwfg lgdf{tf Pj+ k"j{ k|wfgGofofwLz

of] ;ftf

laxLjf/ c;f]h !) ut]

r >L % 1fg]Gb|af6 ;+;b\sf] b'j} ;bgaf6 kfl/t dxfleof]usf] sfo{ljlw lgoldt ug]{ ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] ljw]os @)%( / d'n'sL P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug{ ag]sf] ljw]os @)%* :jLs[t .

r >L % 1fg]Gb|åf/f g]kfn r]Da/ ckm sdz{sf] :j0f{ dxf]T;jsf] ljz]if ;df/f]x ;d'b\3f6g .

z'qmjf/

r dfcf]jfbLn] Wj:t kf/]sf] a'6jn kfj/ sDkgL cGtu{tsf] lemd?s hnljB't cfof]hgf dd{tsf nflu gj]{ ;/sf/n] @) s/f]8 ?k}ofF ;xof]u ug]{ .

zlgjf/

r sflt{s @& ut] x'g] elgPsf] dWofjlw ^ r/0fdf ;DkGg ug]{ atfpFb} lgjf{rg cfof]uåf/f lgjf{rg sfo{tflnsf ;fj{hlgs .

cfOtaf/

r k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] cfof]hgf ug'{ ePsf] ;j{bnLo a}7sn] k|ltlglw;efsf] lgjf{rg lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;DkGg ug{ g;lsg] b]lvPsf]n] ;+ljwfg;Ddt ljsNk vf]Hg Dof08]6 k|bfg .

;f]djf/

r >L % af6 g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ bz{g e]6 .

r >L % 1fg]Gb|sf] t:jL/ c+lst !) ?k}ofFsf] Knfli6ssf] gf]6 klxnf] k6s ;fj{hlgs .

d+unaf/

r lgjf{rg cfof]un] g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_nfO{ bnsf] dfGotf k|bfg ub}{ …snzÚ r'gfj lrGx k|bfg .

r g]kfnL sf+u|]; kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf] a}7såf/f l5§} aGg ;Sg] ;j{bnLo ;/sf/df efu glng] lg0f{o .

r g]sf k|hftflGqssf] b'O{ lbg] /fli6«o e]nf ;DkGg .

r ;+s6sfn nfu" eP otf #* ;o dfcf]jfbL dfl/Psf] zfxL ;]gfåf/f hfgsf/L .

r k|]; sfplG;nåf/f o; jif{sf] æk|]; sfplG;n uf]kfnbf; kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/Æ sfdgf k|sfzg ;d"xsf cWoIf tyf g]kfn ;dfrf/kq b}lgssf k|wfg;Dkfbs k'is/nfn >]i7nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ lg0f{o .

a'wjf/

r k"j{ k|=d=s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{sf] cWoIftfdf ul7t Ps ;b:oLo …/fhgLlts kLl8t ;b:otf ;ldltÚsf] cjlw @)^) ;fn c;f/ d;fGt;Dd yk .