;/sf/sf] bjfj cfof]uåf/f c:jLsf/
dlGqd08ndf klx/f] hfg] M ;/sf/sf] eljio ;+s6df

dlGqkl/ifb\ uDeL/ ;+s6df k/]sf] 5 . clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf k|d'v cfo'Qm ;"o{gfy pkfWofon] lxhf] k|=d= b]pjfnfO{ s]xL dGqLsf lqmofsnfkaf/] uDeL/ ph'/L / tYox? k|fKt ePsf] atfp“b} ltgLx?dfly sf/jfxL x'g ;Sg] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . b]pjfn] s'g} dGqLsf] arfp ug'{ ePg . pxfFn] eGg'eof]– …d}n] cfkm\gf dGqLsf] jrfp t ug}{k5{ . k|df0fsf] cfwf/df 5fglag ug'{ xf]nf . d s]xL bjfj lbGg . t/ lgbf]{ifx? gk?g\ . oxfF t To;} klg a9fO{r9fO{ xNnf x'G5 . xNnfs} e/df rflx+ sf/jfxL gug'{ xf]nf .Ú k|wfgdGqL cfGtl/s Jojxf/df klg o;/L g} t6:y a:g] xf] eg] clVtof/n] s]xL lbgleq} cfwf bh{g dGqLx?nfO{ s73/fdf pEofpg ;S5 . o; qmddf lr/~hLjL jfUn], anaxfb'/ s];L, z/t\l;+x e08f/L, df]xgaxfb'/ a:g]t, e/ts'df/ zfx / kfNt]g u'?ªsf] gfd dflyNnf] k+lQmdf /x]sf] 5 .

jt{dfg dGqL kl/ifb\df dfly pNn]lvt gfdx? eGbf a9L e|i6frf/ ug]{ JolQmx? klg x'g ;S5g\ . t/ ltgLx?n] sfg'gL k|lqmof ldnfO;s]sf 5g\ . hfgsf/ ;"q cg';f/, clVtof/n] pk/f]Qm ^ hgfnfO{ !) jif{;Dd s}b x'g ;Sg] k|df0f h'6fO;s]sf] 5 . clVtof/n] ljlwjt xft xfn]kl5 pgLx?nfO{ dGqL kl/ifb\df /fVg ldNb}g . jfUn], s];L, z/t\ l;+x, e/t zfx, kfNt]g cflb o; ;/sf/af6 x6] eg] dlGqd08ndf 7"nf] klx/f] hfg ;S5 . b]pjf k|ltufdL af6f]df nfu]df v'daxfb'/ v8\sf, ljhos'df/ uR5bf/ / hok|sfz u'Ktfn] klg ;/sf/nfO{ ;fy glbg ;Dej 5 . u[xdGqL v8\sf sf+u|];nfO{ PsLs[t ug]{ cleofgdf h'l6;s]sf 5g\ . kf6L{sf] cflwsfl/stf / æ?vÆ lrGxsf] 3f]if0ff ePkl5 l:ylt emg Psf]xf]l/g ;S5 . ?v lrGx sf]O/fnfn] kfPsf] 3f]if0ff x'gf;fy ;/sf/ uNof{d\u'n'{Dd x'g]5 . clxn]sf @* hgf dGqLdWo] $ hgf dfq o:tf 5g\, hf] h] lrGx eP klg km/s kb}{g eGb}5g\ . lgjf{rg cfof]un] b]pjf kIfnfO{ æ?vÆ glbg] dfq x}g j}wflgs kf6L{ g} gdfGg] lg0f{osf] 3f]if0ff u/]df tL $ hgf klg csf]{lt/ kmls{g ;S5g\ . s'g} b}jL zlQm g} lqmofzLn eP/ nfu] dfq, cGoyf ca lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf g} g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt x'g\ / pgn] g]t[Tj u/]sf] bn g} g]kfnL sf+u|]; xf] eGg] 3f]if0ff lgjf{rg cfof]un] kSsf ug]{5 . cfof]usf] æe|dÆ ca xl6;s]sf] 5 . ca cfof]unfO{ s'g} b'ljwf gePsf] hfgsf/L lgjf{rg cfof]us} ;"qn] lbPsf] 5 .

lgs6 eljiodf dxflgjf{rg ;DkGg u/fpg' kg]{ bfloTj /x]sf] lgjf{rg cfof]u ca eg] ;/sf/sf s'g} cgfjZos bjfjnfO{ g6]g]{ ePsf] 5 . ;j{bnLo a}7sdf cfkm\gf] kf6L{nfO{ j}w ?kd} pkl:yt u/fpg k|wfgdGqLn] lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ 7"n} bjfj lbg' ePsf] lyof] . t/ cfof]un] Tof] k|:tfjnfO{ 7f8} c:jLsf/ ul/lbof] . ;/sf/n] nu]sf] r/0fa4 lgjf{rgsf] k|:tfj klg cfof]usf nflu c:jfefljs aGof] . ;/sf/n] of] k|:tfj To:t} ?kn] nu]sf] lyof] . nfdf] ;dob]lv clgl0f{t /x]sf] ax'rlr{t g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] j}wflgstfsf] lgSof}{n ca rflx+ kf6L{sf] ljwfg adf]lhd g} x'g] ePsf] 5 . ;a}lt/af6 Jofks lj/f]w / lgjf{rg cfof]usf] 5lj g} wldlng] cj:yf b]lvPkl5 cfo'Qmx? ljlwk"j{s lg0f{o ug]{ lgisif{df k'u]sf 5g\ . d+unaf/ a;]sf] ;j{bnLo a}7sdf lg0f{o e};s]sf] ;'gfpg dfq afFsL /x]sf] egL cfo'Qmx?n] hgfPkl5 dfq cfof]un] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ljifodf kf6L{x? k|j]z u/]sf lyP . j}wflgstf g5'l§Ps} sf/0fn] ubf{ of] ;j{bnLo a}7sdf ;Qf?9 bn k|efjsf/L ?kn] k|:t't ePg . ;a}sf] Pp6} :j/ /x\of]– r'gfjL dfxf}n agfpg klg lgjf{rg cfof]un] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] j}wflgstf l5§} 6'+uf] nufcf];\ . of] ljifo lgikIf lgjf{rgsf nflu em08} k"j{ zt{s} ?kdf k|:t't ePsf] 5 . kf6L{sf] ljwfg adf]lhd lg0f{o x'“bf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfs} kf6L{n] j}wflgstf kfpg] kSsf 5 .

cfkm"n] h] eGof] lgjf{rg cfof]un] ToxL– lg0f{o u5{ eGg] dfgl;stfdf ;/sf/ lyof] . kf6L{ j}wflgstfsf] ljifodf xf];\ ls r'gfj ;~rfngsf k|lqmofdf lgjf{rg cfof]u ;w}+ cfkm\gf] uf]hLsf] a:t' aGg] 7flg/x]sf] ;/sf/ kl5Nnf] k6s ;j{bnLo a}7sb]lv /GylgPsf] 5 . a'y /fVg]b]lv dtbftf gfdfjnL h:tf r'gfj ;DaGwL cToGt dxTjk"0f{ ljifodf ;a} kf6L{sf] /fo ;'emfj lng / ltgs} ;xdltdf cGo sfd ug]{ p2]Zon] lgjf{rg cfof]un] ut d+unaf/ ;j{bnLo a}7s 8fs]sf] lyof] t/ Tof] a}7sdf k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] slyt kf6L{nfO{ af]nfOPg . s'g sf+u|];L kf6L{n] j}wflgstf kfpg] xf] eGg] rf;f] tLj| ?kn] al9/x]sf] a]nf b]pjfsf] kf6L{nfO{ ToxfF gaf]nfpg' Ps k|sf/sf] cj}wtfs} ;+s]t lyof] . k|wfgdGqL ljb]zaf6 kmls{gf;fy k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm cRo'tgf/fo0f /fhe08f/LnfO{ kmf]g ug'{ eof] . k|wfgdGqLn] 7f8} eGg'eof]– æTo:tf] a}7sdf xfd|f] kf6L{sf] k|ltlglwTj lsg u/fOPg < k|d'v cfo'Qmn] eGg'eof]– æof] lgjf{rg cfof]usf] lg0f{o xf] . xfdLn] a}7s u/]/} lg0f{o u/]sf xf}+ . k|wfgdGqLn] ToxL lgb]{zg lbg'eof]– of] lg0f{o abNgf]; / xfd|f] kf6L{nfO{ klg lgDtf k7fpgf];\ .Æ To;f] ug{ ;Dej 5}g, Psk6s lg0f{o e};s]kl5 To;nfO{ abNg ;ls+b}g– cfo'Qmsf] hjfkm o:tf] lyof] . pxfFn] lgs} nfdf] 5nkmn kl5 / ;f]rljrf/ u/]/} cfkm"x?n] k|wfgdGqLsf] kf6L{nfO{ gaf]nfpg] lgisif{df k'u]sf] v'nf;f ug'{eof] . t/ k|wfgdGqL dfGg' ePg . k|d'v cfo'Qmn] eGg'eof]– ut dxflgjf{rgdf ;+;bdf pkl:yt kf6L{x? dfq of] ;j{bnLo a}7ssf ;xefuL x'g\ . To;sf/0f xfdLn] ;/sf/sf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L u[xdGqL v'daxfb'/ v8\sfHo"nfO{ cfdGq0f u/]sf xf}+ .Æ u[xdGqL v8\sf b]pjf sf+u|];sf dxfdGqL klg x'g'ePsf] x'“bf ck|ToIf ?kn] ToxfF kf6L{sf] klg pkl:yltsf] ;+s]t lbOPsf] lyof] . pxfFn] a}7sdf /fHodGqL sF8]nnfO{ k7fpg] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . k|wfgdGqLn] eg]h:t} u[x/fHodGqL b]j]Gb|/fh sF8]nn] Tof] a}7sdf ;/sf/sf] k|ltlglwTj u/] . cfkm\g} ;/sf/sf] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] a}7sdf ;d]t pkl:yt x'g x}l;ot gk'Ug] /fHodGqLnfO{ ToxfF o;/L k7fOPsf] 36gf lgjf{rg cfof]u k|lt ;/sf/n] k|bz{g u/]sf] ckdfgsf ?kdf lnOof] . ljleGg kf6L{sf jl/i7td\ JolQmTjx? pkl:yt /x]sf] a}7sdf lgikIf / zflGtk"0f{ ?kn] r'gfj ;DkGg u/fp“5' eGb} cfPsf] ;/sf/ r'gfj ;DaGwL sfd s'/fdf slt pbfl;g / x]nr]qm\ofOdf /x]5 eGg] o;n] klg b]vfp“5 . ;/sf/sf] o:tf] lgDg :t/sf] pkl:yltaf6 pQm a}7sdf ;xefuL ePsf kf6L{x? klg If'Aw ePsf 5g\ .

lgjf{rgsf] r/0f / cjlwdf klg ;/sf/ / lgjf{rg cfof]uaLr ;dfg wf/0ff aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;/sf/ ;ft r/0fdf r'gfj ;DkGg u/fpg] tyf Ps / csf]{ r/0fsf] cGt/ Ps dlxgf ug]{ kIfdf lyof] . lgjf{rg cfof]un] o;nfO{ c:jfefljs dfGb} yk ;d:of b]vfPkl5 aNn !% lbgsf] cGt/df t/ ;ft r/0fd} u/fpg] ;/sf/sf] dgzfo /x]sf] hgfOof] . ;/sf/sf] klxnf] of]hgf cg';f/, r'gfj x'“bf sflt{s @& ut]af6 ;'? ePsf] r'gfj csf]{ gofF jif{ @)^) sf] j}zfv @& ut] dfq ;DkGg x'G5 . clGtd r/0fdf k/]sf] If]qx?sf] k'gM r'gfj ubf{ Tof] jif{sf] nueu c;f/;Dd r'gfj}dfq e}/xg] cj:yf cfp“5 . ;/sf/ r'gfj k/ ;f/]/ To;sf] lgx'“df cfkm" kbdf al;/xg] lgx'“ dfq ePsf] ;a}n] a'em\g] 7fg]/ ;do cGt/ 36fOof] cyf{t\ kfFr r/0fdf t/ !% lbgsf] cGt/df ug]{ k|:tfj uof] h;nfO{ u[x/fHodGqLn] ToxL ;j{bnLo a}7sdf ;/sf/sf] k|:tfj egL /fVg' eof] . of] kl5Nnf] k|:tfj adf]lhd r'gfj x'“bf klg r'gfjdf ;f9] tLg dlxgf laTb5 . t/ lgjf{rg cfof]un] ;/sf/sf] of] kl5Nnf] k|:tfjnfO{ klg :jfefljs dfg]g . Tof] lbg ;a} /fhgLlts dfGotf kfPsf / ToxfF pkl:yt ePsf ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{x? ;s];Dd yf]/} r/0f / ;do cGt/ klg a9Ldf Ps xKtfsf] x'g' kg]{ kIfdf lyP .

oxL aLr lgjf{rg cfof]usf ;fd' Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{ 7fp“df 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf j}wflgs ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf ls z]/axfb'/ b]pjf eGg] d'2fnfO{ cj o;n] g6'+UofO{ x'“b} gx'g] ePsf] 5 . ca lgwf{l/t ;dodf r'gfj x'g hDdfhDdL ^& lbgdfq afFsL 5 . of] aLrdf of] ljjfbs} sf/0f b]zdf r'gfjL dfxf}n;Dd v8f ePsf] 5}g . ljutsf r'gfjdf oltv]/ s'g} klg kf6L{sf] Pp6f nx/ h:t} cfO;s]sf] x'GYof] . t/ of] k6s ;a} kf6L{ g]kfnL sf+u|];af/] lgjf{rg cfof]un] lbg] lg0f{onfO{ klv{/x]sf 5g\ . cfof]u ca rflx+ lg0f{odf k'Ub}5 . o;sf ljutsf cleJolQmn] Ps k6s Jofks ?kn] z+sf pAhfPsf] lyof] . ljwfg adf]lhd lg0f{o ul/of] eg] afg]Zj/ e]nf 7f8} cj}w 7x5{ . ljwfgsf] k|fjwfg / ToxfFsf] pkl:ylt k'l:tsfsf gSsnL x:tfIf/n] g} o;nfO{ cj}wflgs 7x¥ofp“5 . of] pkl:ylt k'l:tsf lgjf{rg cfof]usf] ljj]s eGbf j:t'tYo k|df0f xf] . kf6L{sf] ljwfgnfO{ lgjf{rg cfof]un] g} :jLs[lt lbP/ ToxL adf]lhd Tof] kf6L{sf lqmofsnfk ;~rfng ePsf x'“bf Tof] kf6L{ ;DaGwL s'g} klg lg0f{o ubf{ cfof]un] x]g]{ Pp6} dfq sfg'g Tof] kf6L{sf] ljwfg g} xf] eGg]df g]kfnL sf+u|]; dfq xf]Og k|d'v k|ltkIfL, bf];|f] k|ltkIfL ;lxtsf !) j6f kf6L{n] cledt JoQm ul/;s]sf 5g\ . lgjf{rg cfof]un] tL kf6L{nfO{ cfZj:t u/fP cg';f/ cfo]fusf] lg0f{osf] cfwf/ ljwfgnfO{ agfOof] eg] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] j}w ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf g} 7xl/g' x'g]5 .

lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] v]nf}gf agfPsf] ljifodWo]df o;sf] cfrf/;+lxtf klg k5{ . lgjf{rg cfof]un] @)%# ;fndf kfl/t u/]sf] cfrf/;+lxtf afWosf/L xf] . afWosf/L cfrf/;+lxtf P]g ;/x g} x'G5 . of] cfrf/;+lxtf lgjf{rgsf] ldlt 3f]if0ff ePsf] ldltb]lv nfu" x'g]5 egL To;}df n]lvPsf] 5 . t/ o;aLr lgjf{rg cfof]un] dGqL kl/ifb\nfO{ cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g u/]sf], To;sf] kfngfdf c6]/ u/]sf] egL tLg k6s ;r]tkq n]lv;s]sf] 5 . t/ ;/sf/n] To;sf] pNn+3g ug{ eg] 5f8]sf] 5}g . cfrf/;+lxtfdf cfof]usf] cg'dlt j]u/ k|wfgdGqL, dGqL ;/sf/L vr{df b]z aflx/ / leq klg e|d0f ug{ kfp“b}gg\ . k|wfgdGqL b]pjf :jo+ oxL xKtf Pp6f b]zsf] e|d0f ug{ hfg] egL zfxL ;nfdL lnP/ Tof] b]z gk'uL t/ lgwf{l/t e|d0f ;do k"/f u/]/ :jb]z kmls{g' eof] . xfn} bh{g eGbf a9L k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L;lxt u[x k|zf;g cGt/utsf ^) eGbf a9L sd{rf/LnfO{ ;?jf a9'jf ubf{ lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ ;fdfGo ?kn] ;f]wk'5;Dd gul/Psf] ljifon] klg cfof]u ;/sf/k|lt If'Aw ePsf] 5 . cfrf/;+lxtf cg';f/ oL sfd ug{ cfof]uaf6 cg'dlt lng} k5{ . t/ ;/sf/n] cfof]unfO{ ;f] sf] ;fdfGo hfgsf/L;Dd klg lbPsf] 5}g .

oL ;a} sf/0fn] ca lgjf{rg cfof]u ;/sf/L bjfjx? gdfGg] lgisif{df k'u]sf] x'g ;Qm5 . To;sf ;+s]tx? cfpg yfn]sf 5g\ .

;a} dGqL r'krfk

lxhf] dGqL kl/ifb\sf] a}7sdf k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf cToGt uDeL/ d'b|fdf k|:t't x'g'eof] . pxfF ljb]z uPsf] a]nfdf ePsf 36gfqmdaf/] >L % dxf/fhflw/fh;+u ;d]t 5nkmn u/]/ pxfF dGqL kl/ifb\sf] a}7sdf hfg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfF dlGqd08ndf cfkm"kl5 nuQ}sf] :yfgdf /xg' ePsf dGqL lr/~hLjL jfUn]sf] sf/0fn] tgfju|:t x'g'x'GYof] . pxfF afUn]nfO{ x6fpg grfxg], t/ x6fpg' kg]{ cj:yf . jfUn]nfO{ x6fpg b]pjfnfO{ pxfFs} ldq, ;xof]uL / ;xsdL{n] ;d]t bjfj lbO/x]sf 5g\ . b]pjf cfkm"n] clt ;Ddfg ug]{ JolQmTjn] ;d]t ætL dGqLaf/] w]/} s'/f ;'lgPsf]Æ egL gsf/fTds ;+s]t u/]kl5 k|=d= jfUn];+u /fhLgfdf dfUg] dgl:yltdf k'Ug' ePsf] lyof] . t/ dlGqd08nsf] a}7sdf b]pjfsf] d'b|f b]v]kl5 jfUn]n] s'g} klg e|i6 / cleo'Qm g]tfx?n] eGg] z}nLdf cfkm\gf] s'/f /fVb} eGg'eof]– of] d]/f] lj?4 dfq x}g, xfdL ;a}sf lj?4 ;'lgof]lht if8\oGq xf] . cfh d]/f] lj?4 cfqmd0f eO/x]sf] 5, ef]ln tkfO{x? la?4 x'g ;S5 . xfdLnfO{ Ps csf{;+u cnUofpg] if8\oGq xf] of] . xfdL ;a} Pstfj4 eP/ hfg] ls o;nfO{ JolQmut d'2f agfpg]— tkfO{+x? ;f]Rg';\ . d d]/f] dfdnfdf 5fglag u/fpg tof/ 5' . d clVtof/ / ;DklQ hfFra'em cfof]unfO{ r'gf}tL lbG5' .Æ t/ jfUn]sf] s'/fnfO{ s;}n] klg uDeL/tf;fy lnPgg\ . k|=d=b]pjf;lxt ;a} dGqL r'krfk a;] . dGqL kl/ifb\sf] a}7ssf] c? s'g} Ph]08fdf 5nkmn x'g ;s]g .

wf/f !@& k|hftGq df:g] c:q xf]Og
r'gfj ePg eg] k|ltlglw;ef k'ghL{ljt x'g ;S5

xl/x/ lj/xL

k|wfgdGqLn] x7ft\ l;kmfl/z u/]sf] ltlydf cfdr'gfj x'g g;Sg] jftfj/0f aGb} uPkl5 b]zsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgnfO{ c;kmn kfg{ / hgtfsf clwsf/nfO{ s6f}tL ug{ rfxg]x? lgSs} pT;flxt ePsf] cfef; kfOG5 . b]zsf] l:ylt emg\ hl6n / uDeL/ x'“b} uPsf]df pgLx? xif{ a9fO{ ub}{5g\ . lgSs} lhDd]bf/ :yfgdf a;]sf / >L % åf/f k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/z a]u/ g} dgf]gLt ul/Psfx? klg ca æ/fhfaf6 jfwf c8\sfp km'sfpsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ul/aS;L jt{dfg ;+ljwfg kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsaS;g]Æ ts{ ub}{ eGg yfn]sf 5g\– æca ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg u/]/ slt clwsf/ cfkm"nfO{ /fVg] / slt ;/sf/ / ;+;b\nfO{ lbg] to klg df};"kmaf6 ug{ ;lsaS;g]5 .Æ o:tf ts{ / bfjLn] k'g?Tyfg / k|ltudg rfxg]x?sf] cfzf hufP tfklg g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& tyf >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 ;+ljwfg / k|hftGqk|lt aS;]sf] k|ltj4tfn] pgLx?sf] Tof] ljWj+;s clei6 k"/f x'g gb]nf . tf]lsPsf] ;dodf r'gfj x'g g;sL ;+a}wflgs k|lqmof cj?4 ePdf >L % af6 afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg cfb]z hf/L ul/aS;g]5 . t/ Tof] cfb]z b]zsf] ;+ljwfg / To;sf] efjgf ljk/Lt x'g ;Qm}g . df}sf kfpgf;fy /fhfaf6 hgtfsf] clwsf/ vf]:g] sNkgf ug'{ >L % sf] jrgj4tfk|lt ;Gb]x ug'{ klg xf] . t/ cfkm"nfO{ s§/ /fheQm 7fGg] b/jf/sf] lg/Gt/ ;Dks{df /xg] / /fhb/af/n] e/f];f ug]{ JolQmx?af6 klg To:tf] s'/f cfp“bf ljleGg t/+u p7\g' :jfefljs x'g hfG5 .

g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] wf/f !@& df elgPsf] 5— æ>L % af6 of] ;+ljwfg sfof{lGjt ug{ s'g} jfwf c8\sfp k/]df To:tf] jfwf c8\sfp km'sfpg cfb]z hf/L ul/aS;g] 5 / To:tf] cfb]z ;+;b\ ;dIf /flvg] 5 .Æ of] clwsf/ /fhfsf] æ:jljj]sLoÆ clwsf/ xf]Og . of] wf/fsf] k|of]u df};"kmaf6 dGqL kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/z cg';f/ x'g]5 . Toltdfq x}g, o;n] ;+;b\sf] ;fdgf klg ug'{ kg]{5 . of] cfb]zsf] eljio ;+;b\dfly g} lge{/ ug]{5 . o;nfO{ ;+;b\ ;dIf /flvg] Joj:yf x'g'n] s] ;+s]t ub{5 eg] ;+ljwfgsf lgdf{tfx?n] ;+;b\sf] nfdf] cg'kl:ylt sNkgf u/]sf /x]g5g\ . cyjf k|ltlglw;ef df}h'b /x]s} cj:yfdf klg of] jfwf c8\sfp cfpg ;Sg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] /x]5 . ;+ljwfgsf] of] k|fjwfg cg';f/ !@& wf/f k|of]u x'gf;fy ;+;b\sf] pkl:ylt cTofjZos x'G5 . /, oxfF æ;+;b\Æsf] cfsf/ k|ltlglw;ef j]u/ k"/f x'g ;Qm}g . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f $$ df ;+;b\ eGgfn] >L %, k|ltlglw;ef / /fli6«o;efnfO{ hgfpg] 5 elgPsf] 5 . /fli6«o;efaf6 dfq of] sfd k"/f x'g ;Qm}g . /fli6«o;efsf] x}l;ot s:tf] 5 eg] k|ltlglw;ef lj3l6t ePsf] a]nfdf b]zsf] ah]6 a? 6'+l8v]ndf jf ;/sf/L sfof{nosf] sIfdf k|:t't ug{ ldN5, t/ /fli6«o;efdf k]z ug'{ kb}{g . k|ltlglw;ef lj3l6t ePsf] cj:yfdf ;d]t p;nfO{ of] clwsf/ k|fKt 5}g . xf], ;+s6sfnLg cj:yfnfO{ cg'df]bg ug]{ s'/fdf eg] ;/sf/n] p;sf] ;xof]u lng ;S5— t/ of] ;/sf/n] Tolt;Dd klg u/]g . /fli6«o;efaf6 ;xof]u gkfpg] b]Vgf;fy b'O{ lbgkl5 g} rf]/ af6f]sf] pkof]u u/]/ ;+s6sfn nufOof] . ;+ljwfgsf] cfzo / cfTdfdfly dfcf]jfbLn] eGbf s7f]/tfk"j{s v'F8f k|xf/ ub}{Æ ;+s6sfndf klg cfdr'gfj x'g ;S5Æ eGg] dfGotf :yflkt ug{ vf]lhPsf] a]nf wf/f !@& sf] klg ckJofVof ug]{ k|oTg gxf]nf eGg ;lsGg . æ;+;b\Æn] ug]{ egL ls6fg ul/Psf] sfd k|ltlglw;ef geP klg x'g ;S5 eGg ;lsg] 7fp“ of] ;+ljwfgdf st} 5}g . jt{dfg of] ;/sf/sf] nflu /fli6«o;efeGbf k|ltlglw;ef g} cg's"n x'g ;S5 . k|ltlglw;ef hgtfsf] k|tLs xf] . To;}n] r'gfj x'g g;s]df ;+ljwfgdf cGo k|fjwfgx?sf] sfof{Gjogdf pTkGg cj/f]w x6fpg k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] wf/f !@& cg';f/ k|ltlglw;efnfO{

k'ghL{ljt ug]{ cfb]z hf/L ug{ l;kmfl/z ug'{ ;Sg' x'G5 . k|ltlglw;efnfO{ k'ghL{ljt ug{] cfb]z cfPdf ;+;b\sf] a}7s / /fhgLlts bnx?n] To;nfO{ ;xif{ :jLsfg]{ l:ylt 5 . To;f] ePdf k|=d=b]pjfn] cfkm\gf] lgot k|hftGq lj/f]wL g/x]sf] ;fljt ug]{ df}sf klg kfpg' x'g]5 . wf/f !@& cg';f/ hf/L x'g] cfb]zsf] cfo' nfdf] x'g] 5}g . Tof] cfb]znfO{ ;+;b\df k|:t't ug}{ kg]{ Joj:yf ePsf]n] >L % af6 ;+;b\sf] efjgf cg's"ns} cfb]z hf/L x'g' :jfefljs 7x5{ . /, :ki6 5— ;+;b\n] c? h] u/] klg b]znfO{ k|ltudglt/ n}hfg] jf k|hftGqnfO{ sdhf]/ kfg]{ s'/fdf ;xdlt lbg] 5}g .

k|ltlglw;ef gePsf] cj:yf wf/f !@& cg';f/sf] cfb]z ;+;b\df s;/L k|:t't ug]{ eGg] :ki6 Joj:yf ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v geP tfklg ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgfsf] cfnf]saf6 To;sf] lgbfg vf]Hg ;lsG5 . ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgf g} To;sf] cfTd / dfu{ lgb]{zs xf] . k|:tfjgfn] ;+;bLo zf;g k|0ffnL, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq tyf ax'bnLo k|hftGqnfO{ ;'b[9 kfb}{ hfg] nIo ls6fg u/]sf] 5 . To;}n] ;+ljwfgdf :ki6 gePsf] / ;+ljwfgsf] sfof{Gjog cj?4 ePdf oxL dfGotfnfO{ an k'Ug] k|sf/sf] sbd g} rfNg' kb{5 . c;fwf/0f cj:yf cfof] eGb}df o:tf] s'g} klg sbd s;}n] klg rfNg' x'“b}g, h;n] ;+ljwfgåf/f lglb{i6 k|hftflGqs dfGotfnfO{ emg\ cf3ft kf/f];\ . of] ;+ljwfgn] ;+;b\nfO{— cem k|ltlglw;efnfO{ pRr dxTj lbPsf] 5 . oxfF;Dd ls s'g} sf/0fn] ;+j}wflgs k|lqmof cj?4 ePdf To;sf] lgbfg af/] lgSof}{n ug]{ clwsf/ klg ;+;b\nfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . k|ltlglw;ef g/xg] cj:yf nfdf] gxf];\ eg]/ k|wfgdGqLn] lj36gsf] l;kmfl/z ubf{ cfufdL r'gfjsf] ltly tf]Sg} kg]{ zt{ ;+ljwfgdf 5 . sflt{s @& ut] k|ltlglw;efsf] cjlw g} ;dfKt x'g] ltly xf]Og . hgtfn] ;fdfGotM % jif{sf nflu cfkm\gf] k|ltlglw lgjf{lrt u/]sf x'g\ . pgLx?sf] b'O{ jif{ Dofb afFsL g} lyof] . t/ k|=d=n] cfkm\gf] nflu cem cg's"nsf] k|ltlglw;efsf] sNkgf ub}{ cfkm\gf] ljz]ifflwsf/ k|of]u u/L r'gfj u/fpg vf]Hg' ePsf] xf] . ;dod} lgikIf, :jtGq / wfFwnL/lxt r'gfj eP 7Ls} 5 . t/ kl/l:ylt emg\ hl6n ePdf / r'gfj u/fpg ;Dej gePdf dGqL kl/ifb\n] !@& wf/f k|of]u u/]/ k|ltlglw;ef k'ghL{ljt u/fpg' ;jf]{Qd ljsNk x'g ;S5 . wf/f !@& jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] efjgf / lbzf ljk/Lt hfg k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] k|fjwfg xf]Og . Tof] gofF ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{, gofF ;/sf/ u7g ug{ / hgtfsf clwsf/ s'l07t ug{ pkof]u ul/g] bkmf xf]Og . To;n] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] dfu{df s'g} afwf pTkGg ePdf To;nfO{ km'sfpg] dfq cfb]z lbG5, ;+ljwfg ljk/Lt hfg] cg'dlt lb+b}g . To;}n] >L % af6 dGqL kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zkZrft\ dfq / tbg'?k g} sbd rfnL aS;g' kb{5 . cfkm"nfO{ g]sfsf] / k|hftGqjfbL bfjL ug]{ of] ;/sf/n] k|hftGq df:g] jf /fhf clwgfos aGg] k|sf/sf] l;kmfl/z unf{ / <

@)!& ;fnsf] tTsfnLg >L % sf] sbd / To;sf] kl/0ffdsf] cg'ej Pj+ #) jif{;Dd lg/Gt/ alnbfgk"0f{ ;+3if{ tyf P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgfnfO{ ;d]6]/ agfOPsf] of] ;+ljwfgnfO{ clGtd ?k lbg' cl3 d:of}bfsf/ / tTsfnLg /fhgLlts g]t[Tjn] Hofb} xf]lzof/L ckgfPsf] cfef; ;+ljwfgsf k|foM x/]s kfgf / jfSodf kfOG5 . To;a]nf To:tf] xf]lzof/L ckgfpg' :jfefljs dfq x}g cfjZos klg lyof] . ;fgf] l5b| klg /x\of] eg] Oltxf; km]l/ bf]xf]l/g], cfkm"nfO{ d'v{ 7xl/g] tyf uf}/jk"0f{ ;+3if{, Tofu, alnbfg / hgcfGbf]ngsf] pkxf; x'g] lyof] . To;}n] @)!% ;fndf /fhf dx]Gb|n] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)!% 3f]if0ff ubf{ aL=kL=sf]O/fnf ;lxtsf tTsfnLg g]tfx?n] b]vfPh:tf] pbf/tf @)$^ ;fnsf lg0ff{os g]tfx?n] b]vfPgg\ . afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg] ;Gbe{df @)!% ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgdf /flvPsf] k|fjwfgnfO{ of] ;+ljwfgdf klg /fVg æb/af/åf/f lgld{tÆ ;+ljwfgdf klg pNn]v lyof] / jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf d:of}bfsf/x?n] To;nfO{ :jLsf/ u/]/ >L % jL/]Gb| ;dIf k|:t't klg u/]sf lyP . afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg] k|s/0fdf @)!% ;fnsf] -/fhf dx]Gb|sf]_ ;+ljwfgdf h] n]lvPsf] lyof], /fhf jL/]Gb|åf/f tTsfnLg æk|wfgdGqLsf] ;d]t k/fdz{ adf]lhdÆ tof/ kfg{ nufOPsf] ;+ljwfgdf ToxL lyof] / jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf d:of}bfsf/x?n] /fhf jL/]Gb|df r9fPsf] k|ltj]bgdf -wf/f !@(_ klg ToxL jfSo /flvPsf] lyof] . t/ :juL{o >L % jL/]Gb|n] ;f] k|ltj]bg tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL Pj+ ;Ddflgt k|hftGqjfbL g]tf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{nfO{ ;'lDkb} To;nfO{ cWoog u/L pko'Qm ?kdf k|:t't ug{ x's'd ePkl5 ;f] d:of}bfdf sfF65f6 ePsf s]xL bkmfx?dWo] of] klg lyof] . /fhf dx]Gb|sf] lgb]{zgdf @)!% ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgdf ePsf] k|aGwnfO{ /fhf jL/]Gb|n] lg/Gt/tf lbg rflxaS;]sf] lyof] / ;+ljwfg d:of}bf ;ldlt h;df dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, e/tdf]xg clwsf/L, bdggfy 9+'ufgf, d's'Gb /]UdL, lgd{n nfdf h:tf JolQmTj klg ;lDdlnt lyP, n] b/af/sf] ;'emfjnfO{ oyfjt :jLsf/]sf] lyof] . To;df s] lyof] < o;df elgPsf] lyof]– æof] ;+ljwfg sfof{lGjt ug{ s'g} afwf c8\sfp k/]df To:tf] afwf c8\sfp km'sfpg >L % af6 cfb]z hf/L ul/aS;g] 5 / o:tf] cfb]z o;} ;+ljwfgdf k/] ;/x dflgg] 5 .Æ of] k|fjwfgsf] cfzo :ki6 5– >L % af6 of] bkmf k|of]u u/]/ rflnaS;]sf] sbd h:tf] eP klg ;Dj}wflgs g} x'g]5 / To;af/] st} k|Zg p7fpg kfOg] 5}g . t/ of] ;+ljwfgn] Tof] dfGotfnfO{ c:jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . of] ;+ljwfgn] /fhfsf] To:tf] cfb]znfO{ æ;+ljwfgdf k/] ;/xÆ dfg]sf] 5}g, a? >L % sf] cfb]znfO{ ;+;b\df k|:t't ug{ eg]sf] 5 . !@& cg';f/sf] cfb]z ;+ljwfg ljk/Lt klg x'g ;Snf eGg] cfz+sfn] g} cGTodf æ;+ljwfgdf k/] ;/x x'g]5Æ eGg] jfSof+z lems]/ ;+;b\sf] lhDdf nufOPsf] xf] .

wf/f !@& cg';f/sf] cfb]z ;+;b\df g/fvL csf]{ wf/f k|of]u ug]{ clwsf/ >L % nfO{ ;+ljwfgn] lbPsf] 5}g . olb k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbg] xf] eg] klg k|ltlglw;ef 8fs]/ To;sf ;b:ox?dWo]af6 k|=d= aGg] pkfo vf]Hg' kb{5– afwf km'sfpg] gfddf k|=d= aGg k|ltlglw;efsf] ;b:o x'g} kg]{ bkmf -;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #^_ dfly x:tIf]k ug'{ plrt x'“b}g . ;+ljwfgsf x/]s wf/fsf] :jtGq cl:tTj 5 . Pp6f wf/fsf] k|of]u ubf{ csf]{ wf/fsf] cl:tTj s'l07t x'g'x'“b}g . olb k|ltlglw;efsf] pkl:ylt j]u/ g} csf]{ ;/sf/ u7g ul/of] eg] Tof] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] dd{, k|hftflGqs dfGotf / ;DalGwt wf/fsf] lj?4 x'g]5 . cl:tdfq k|=d= b]pjfn] o"/f]kLo g]tfx?nfO{ g]kfn k|hftGqsf] /Iff ug{, cft+sjfb lgoGq0f ug{, zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{, dfcf]jfbLnfO{ d"nwf/fdf Nofpg / e|i6frf/ x6fpg sl6a4 /x]sf] atfp“b} k|hftGqsf] eljiosf nflu xftxltof/ ;lxt ljleGg k|sf/sf ;xof]u dfUg' ePsf] 5 . pxfFsf] Tof] jrg o'/f]kLo ;+3sf cWoIf, j]lNhodsf k|wfgdGqL ;f+;b\ Pj+ k|hftflGqs d"No dfGotfnfO{ pRr ;Ddfg ug]{ ljb]zL g]tfx?n] lal;{;s]sf 5}gg\ . o'/f]ksf y'k|} klqsfn] cfkm\gf] s'/fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] t/ g]kfnsf klqsfn] gsf/fTds s'/f dfq 5fk]sf] k|=d= b]pjfsf] u'gf;f] g} 5 . ;fFRr} g} b]pjfk|lt o'/f]k / cd]l/sfn] a9L g} ?lr lnO/x]sf] 5 / pgLx? o; ;/sf/sf ultljlwx?sf] d"Nof+sg dfq x}g lgu/fgL g} ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] jftfj/0fdf ;/sf/n] wf/f !@& k|of]u u/L k|ltlqmofjfbL sbd rfNg] lg0f{o s;/L ug{ ;S5 < o:tf s}of}+ sf/0f 5g\, h;n] ubf{ wf/f !@& sf] cf8 lnP/ s;}n] k|hftGqsf] xTof ug]{5 egL u/]sf] k|rf/k|lt ljZj:t x'g ;lsb}g . a? o;n] k|wfgdGqL b]pjfnfO{ cfkm\gf] e"n ;Rofpg], k|hftGqk|ltsf] cf:yf k|dfl0ft ug]{ Pj+ k|ltufdLx?sf] h~hfnaf6 d'Qm x'g] cj;/ lbg]5 .

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á cfufdL sflt{s @& ut] x'g] elgPsf] cfd lgjf{rgsf nflu k|foM ;a} /fhgLlts bnx? cfGtl/s tof/Ldf h'6]sf 5g\ . tkfO{+sf] b[li6df lgwf{l/t ldlt d} lgjf{rg ;DkGg xf]nf <

– /fhgLlts kf6L{x?sf] ultljlw x]bf{ pgLx? cem} klg ;lqmo ?kn] r'gfjL tof/Ldf h'6]sf] h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g . d]/f] JolQmut wf/0ff t k|hftflGqs cEof;sf] ?kdf lgjf{rg x'g'k5{ eGg] 5, t/ clxn] d'n'sdf h'g kl/l:ylt 5, To;n] lgwf{l/t ldlt d} lgjf{rg x'“b}g ls eGg] z+sf pTkGg u/fPsf] 5 . d}n] ;fgf] s'/f af]n] klg kxf8 agfp“5g\, To;}n] w]/} s] eg'F, t/ r'gfj x'g] l:ylt d}n] b]v]sf] 5}g .

á tkfO{ h:tf] k|a'4 JolQmTj / ;+ljwfg lgdf{tfn] lgwf{l/t ldltd} lgjf{rg x'g g;Sg] To:tf] s] sf/0f b]Vg' eof] <

– tkfO{+n] dnfO{ ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{tf eGg'eof], To;}n] d eG5' oxfF ;+ljwfgnfO{ uf}0f agfOof] . k|wfgdGqLn] dWo/ftdf x7ft h;/L ;+;b\ lj36g ug'{eof], To;af6 g} d}n] lgwf{l/t ldltdf r'gfj x'g ;Sb}g ls eg]/ z+sf u/]sf] x'“ . k|wfgdGqLn] ;+;b\ lj36gsf] l;kmfl/z u/]kl5 >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 lsg /fhgLlts bnx?;+u /fo ;Nnfx lnOPg < lsg dWo/ftd} k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/z ;b/ ul/of] < To;}n] oxfF ;Dj}wflgs k|lqmof eGbf klg lgotsf] s'/f cfO;Sof] . lgjf{rg 3f]if0ffsf] d'xfgd} dnfO{ lgot 7Ls nfu]sf] 5}g . To;}n] d s;/L eg'F ls lgwf{l/t ldltd} r'gfj x'G5 <

á k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/znfO{ ;+j}wflgs /fhfn] dfGg' kb}{g / <

– /fhfn] k"0f{ ?kdf ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf ubf{ jt{dfg ax'bnLo k4lt g} alnof] x'G5 eGg] s'/fdf d ljZj:t 5' . /fhfn] ;+ljwfg dfg]kl5 ;+ljwfg cGtu{t /x]sf cGo c+ux? klg ;+ljwfg dfGg afWo x'g'k5{ . k|wfgdGqL k4lt cg'?k hfg] xf] eg] @)%@ ;fndf cNkdtsf] ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL dgdf]xg clwsf/Ln] ;+;b\ lj36gsf] l;kmfl/z ubf{ /fhfaf6 tTsfn lgjf{rgsf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] lyof] . hals @)%$ ;fndf ;+o'Qm ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] u/]sf] ;+;b\ lj36gsf] l;kmfl/zsf ;DaGwdf /fhfaf6 ;jf]{Rrsf] /fo lng] sfd ePsf] lyof] . ha k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/z dfly ;jf]{Rrsf] /fo lng] k/Dk/f a;flnof] eg] o;k6s To;}u/L /fhfaf6 lsg /fo lnOPg < d]/f k|Zg of] xf] . ;+;b\df ljsNk /x]sf] / ;+;b\sf] clwj]zg 8fls;lsPsf] cj:yfdf ul/Psf] ;+;b\ lj36gsf] l;kmfl/z pk/ lg0f{o ubf{ /fhfn] kl/l:yltsf] d"Nof+sg ug'{kYof]{ eGg] d]/f] cfu|x xf] .

á To;f] eP, /fhgLlts bn dfq xf]Og ;+j}wflgs /fhfaf6 klg clxn] ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf ePg eGg vf]Hg' ePsf] <

– d s'g} Pp6f c+unfO{ dfq O+lut ug{ rfxGg . oxfF s;}af6 klg Odfgbf/Ltfk"j{s ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf ePsf] 5}g . /fhfaf6 klg ;+ljwfgsf] pNn+3g ePsf] 5 / k|wfgdGqL nufot /fhgLlts kf6L{sf g]tfx?af6 klg ;+ljwfgsf] pNn+3g ePsf] 5 . ;a}n] ;+ljwfgsf] OdfGbf/Ltfk"j{s kfngf u/]sf] eP d'n'ssf] cj:yf cfh o:tf] x'GYof] < d'n'ssf] cj:yf b]Vbf d]/f] dg ?G5 .

á lgwf{l/t ldltd} lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'g ;s]g eg] s] x'G5 < o;sf] ;+j}wflgs pkrf/ s] 5 <

– olb lgwf{l/t ldltd} lgjf{rg ;DkGg ePg eg] jt{dfg ;+ljwfg / o; cGtu{tsf] ax'bnLo k4ltnfO{ jrfpg] b'O{ j6f ljsNk 5g\ . Pp6f wf/f !@& cGtu{t ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf ug]{ . ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf ePdf To;af6 ax'bnLo zf;g k4lt / To; cGt/utsf ;+/rgfn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ k|f/De ug]{ 5g\ . csf]{ jt{dfg k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] g} ;+j}wflgs k|lqmof / kl/l:ylt x]/]/ lgjf{rgsf] nflu csf]{ l;kmfl/z ug{ ;Sg' x'g]5 .

á lgjf{rg ePg eg] t ;+j}wflgs ;+s6 pTkGg x'G5 elgG5 . To;cl3 g} ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf x'g ;Sg] l:ylt 5 <

– d t lgwf{l/t ldltd} lgjf{rg xf];\ eGg] kIfdf 5' . t/ kl/l:ylt To; cg's"n x'g' k¥of] lg Û To;}n] ha r'gfj x'g] kl/l:ylt g} 5}g eg] ;+;b\ Jo'Ftfpg' g} ;a}sf nflu lxts/ x'g] d b]V5' .

á olb tkfO{+n] cl3 ;f/]sf b'O{ ljsNkn] d"t{?k lng g;s] jt{dfg k|hftflGqs Joj:yf g} ;+s6df kg]{ t xf]Og <

– k4lt / k|lqmof cg';f/ x]g]{ xf] eg] k|hftGq clxn] ;+s6df 5 . t/ hgtfdf k|hftGqk|ltsf] h'g cf:yf 5, To;af6 ;du|df l;lh{t efjgfn] g} of] k|hftGq clxn];Dd l6s]sf] 5 . ax'bnLo Joj:yf /x]g eg] s'g} bndfq xf]Og k/Dk/fut ?kdf l6s]sf ;+:yfx? klg ;+s6df kg]{5g\ . To;}n] k|hftGq arfpg / clxn]sf] cGof}n / hl6ntd\ cj:yfsf] lgsf; lgsfNg /fhfb]lv ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bnx? Pp6} 5ftfdf cfpg' h?/L 5 . To;}n] d eG5', lgjf{rg x'g g;Sg] cj:yfdf k|wfgdGqLn] eg]em}+ ;+j}wflgs lg/Gt/tf / k|hftGqsf] /Iffsf nflu ;+ljwfgs} wf/f !@& n] lgb]{lzt u/]sf] dfu{df lx+8\g' lxts/ 5 .

á olb jt{dfg k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] /fhLgfdf lbP/ csf]{ s'g} JolQm k|wfgdGqL ePdf s'g} lgsf; lg:sg ;Sb}g <

– clxn] df}h'bf k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lb+b}df csf]{ JolQm k|wfgdGqL x'g] ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfg g} 5}g . k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] /fhLgfdf lbP pxfFs} dlGqd08nsf jl/i7td\ bf];|f] dGqL k|wfgdGqL x'G5g\ . dlGqkl/ifbeGbf aflx/af6 k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm ug]{ Joj:yf 5}g .

á tkfO{+n] lgjf{rg x'g] l:ylt 5}g eg]/ dfcf]jfbL ;d:of tkm{ O+lut ug{ vf]Hg' ePsf] xf] < eGg';\, of] ;d:of s;/L ;dfwfg x'g ;S5 <

– of] lglZrt xf] ls dfcf]jfbLx?n] lnPsf] af6f] unt 5 . lx+;f ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg xf]Og . zflGtlk|o d'n'sdf /utsf] vf]nf] alu/x]sf] 5 . lgbf]{if gful/ssf] d[To'n] dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ lsg 5'b}g < To;}n] of] /Qmkftk"0f{ cj:yfsf] cGTosf nflu ;/sf/ / /fhgLlts bnx? dfq xf]Og, dfcf]jfbLx? klg OdfGbf/ x'g'k5{ . olb of] ;d:ofsf] bL3{sfnLg ;dfwfg x'G5 eg] zflGtk"0f{ k|lt:kwf{df ljZjf; ug]{ ;a} zlQmn] o;a]nf ;fF3'/f] 3]/faf6 d'Qm x'g} k5{ . To;}n] d eG5', dfcf]jfbLx? zflGtk"0f{ d"nwf/df cfp“5g\ eg] hgdt ;+u|x ul/lbp“ g Û lsg 8/fpg] < hgtfsf] h] rfxG5g\ ToxL xf];\ . hgtfsf] nflu /fhgLlt u/]sf] eGg] dfcf]jfbLx?n] hgtfsf] lg0f{o dfGg} kg]{ x'G5 .

á s] cf;Gg lgjf{rg cl3 g} dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ d"nwf/df Nofpg ;lsPnf <

– d}n] k|r08sf] kl5Nnf] jQmJo klqsfdf k9]+ . pgLx? s]xL nlrnf] ePsf 5g\ h:tf] nfU5 < d"n s'/f] xltof/ xf], xltof/af6 ;d:of ;dfwfg x'“b}g . To;}n] dfcf]jfbLx?n] clxn]sf] nlrnf]kgnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbP/ xltof/ Tofu]/ zflGtk"0f{ af6f]df cfpg'k5{ . o;sf nflu jftfj/0f agfpg ;/sf/ / /fhgLlts bnx?sf] klg OdfGbf/ e"ldsf x'g'k5{ . olb dfcf]jfbLx? ;fFRr} g} nlrnf] ePsf x'g\ eg] pgLx?nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ af6f]df Nofpg s'g} sl7gfO{ 5}g .

á nfdf] Oltxf; af]s]sf] kf6L{ g]kfnL sf+u|]; ljeflht ePsf] 5 . /, b'O{j6f g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] j}wflgstfsf] ljjfb lgjf{rg cfof]udf ljrf/fwLg 5, s;n] j}wflgstf kfpnf <

– ljlwut k|lqmof x]bf{ lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] g]kfnL sf+u|];n] g} j}wflgstf k|fKt u5{ . o;df d z+sf ug{ rfxGg .

á e|i6frf/ lj?4 clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] clxn] rfn]sf] sbdnfO{ s;/L lng' ePsf] 5 <

– clVtof/sf] sbdaf6 hgtfdf cfzf knfPsf] 5 . of] cfzfnfO{ dfg'{ x'“b}g . e|i6frf/n] cfd hgdfg;df pTkGg u/fPsf] ljt[i0ffnfO{ clVtof/n] ;bfsf nflu ;dfKt kfg'{k5{ . To;sf nflu clVtof/sf k|d'v cfo'Qm ;"o{gfyhLn] km/flsnf] 9+un] sf/jfxL yfNg' k5{ . e|i6frf/sf] d'xfg eg] /fhgLlts If]q g} xf] . clVtof/n] dflyaf6 sf/jfxL ;'? u/]/ jf:tljs e|i6frf/LnfO{ lxDdtsf;fy s73/fdf pEofpg' k5{ . rfx] hf];'s} x'g\, e|i6frf/LnfO{ 5f]8\g' x'“b}g . o;f] ePdf clVtof/n] clxn] kfPsf] :ofaf;Ln] d"t{?k lng]5 / hgtfdf yk cfzf hfUg]5 .

– Clif wdnf

/fhfåf/f gl;xt

>L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 k|ltufdL tTjx?nfO{ r]tfjgL aS;]sf] 5 . df};"kmaf6 cfufdL r'gfj g;sL ;+j}wflgs ;+s6 cfPdf ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg u/]/ slt clwsf/ cfkm" ;dIf /fVg] / slt clwsf/ ;+;b\nfO{ lbg] to u/L aS;g]5 tyf df};"kmaf6 lj3l6t k|ltlglw;ef k'g:yf{lkt gu/L aS;g] ljrf/ JoQm ug]{ dgf]gLt ;f+;b lbKtk|sfz zfxnfO{ /fli6«o;ef ;b:o kbaf6 x6fO{ aS;]sf] 5 . zfxn] lxhf] Ps b}lgs 5fkfdf pQm ljrf/ JoQm ub}{ >L % af6 ca dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ ;d]t ;fd]n u/fP/ k|hftGqk|]dL / /fi6«jfbLx?sf] ;/sf/ u7g ul/aS;g] cfzo klg JoQm ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

zfxL ;]gfsf] lju]|l8o/ hg]{n /lx;s]sf zfxsf] of] egfO{nfO{ sltkon] b/af/ / ;]gfsf] efjL of]hgfsf] ?kdf lng yfn]sf lyP . t/ df};"kmaf6 lxh} zfxnfO{ cjsfz lbP/ Tof] c8\sn ;dfKt kfg{ rflxaS;]sf] a'lemG5 . ljZj:t ;"q cg';f/ zfxn] pQm kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbg' ePsf] elgPtf klg oyfy{df pxfFnfO{ >L % 1fg]Gb|af6 pxfFsf cleJolQmk|lt c;Gt'i6 JoQm ul/aS;b} /fhLgfdf dfu]/ x6fO{ aS;]sf] xf] .

g]tfn] ubf{ sfo{stf{ nlHht

b]zsf clxn]sf k|d'v /fhgLlts kf6L{x? cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/Lk|lt slt pbfl;g /x]5g\ eGg] PskN6 km]l/ :ki6 ePsf] 5 . ;DklQ Goflos hfFra'em cfof]un] k|f/lDes r/0fsf] klg ;'?df g} lbPsf] ;fj{hlgs hfgsf/Ln] ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x?sf] k|j[lQsf] kf]n vf]nL lbPsf] 5 . o; qmddf ;a}eGbf a9L bf]ifL g]kfnL sf+u|];s} g]tfx? b]lvPsf 5g\ . s]Gb|Lo :t/df k'lu;s]sf g]tfx?n] cfof]un] dfu]sf] ljj/0f lbg] ;fdfGo st{Jo klg k"/f gu/]sf] ;'Gbf To; kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x? nlHht ePsf 5g\ . sf+u|];L nfk/jfxL / u}/–lhDd]jf/Lkgf b]vfPsf] of] klxnf] cj;/ xf]Og . t/ kf6L{n] cfkm\gf dftxtsf sfo{stf{ / lhDd]jf/ JolQmx?nfO{ cg'zf;gdf /fVg] tyf sfg'g / dof{bfsf] kfngf u/fpg] lbzfdf slxNo} 7f]; sbd p7fPg . oxL sf/0fn] To; bndf cg'zf;gxLgtf / 5f8fkg g/f]lsPsf] xf] . g]kfnL sf+u|]; k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgfkZrft ;a}eGbf a9L ;Qfdf a;]sf] kf6L{ xf] . o;sf pRr :t/sf s}of}+ g]tfx? k"j{ dGqL / ;f+;bx? e|i6frf/sf] cf/f]kdf h]lng] u/]sf 5g\ . To;}n] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo g]t[Tjn] e|i6frf/ ;DaGwL 5fglag ug{ Goflos cfof]u u7g ePsf] ;Gbe{df ;a}nfO{ clUg k/LIffdf ptf/]/ kf6L{nfO{ z'4 kfg]{ k|oTg ug'{ kb{Yof] . t/ To:tf] s]xL b]lvPg . a? s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf sf]iffWoIf -dxGy 7fs'/_ ;d]tsf] gfd ;DklQ ljj/0f kmf/fd ga'emfpg]x?sf] sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . 7fs'/ :jo+ clwjQmf klg x'g\ . sfg'gk|ltsf] cfkm\gf] st{Jo pgn] ga'em]sf] xf]Ogg\ . b]zsf] Gofo, sfg'g tyf ;+;bLo Joj:yf dGqL, ;~rf/ dGqL / k|ltlglw;efsf] pk;efd'v ;d]t /lx;Sg' ePsf] JolQm xf] . pxfF cf}+;t ?kdf Odfgbf/ g} dflgg'x'G5 . t/ klg pxfF h:tf] dfG5]n] o:tf] k|fylds lhDd]jf/lt/ Wofg lb+b}g eg] c?nfO{ slt bf]if lbg] < ;DklQ ljj/0fsf] kmf/fd ga'emfpg]x?df cGtl/d ;/sf/sf dGqL dfz{nh'n'd zfSo klg 5g\ . e|i6frf/sf] / cg}ltstfsf] cf/f]k nfu]sf o'jf k':tfsf g]tf afns[i0f vfF0f / dlxnf ;+3sf] cWoIf ljb|f]xL_ >LdtL pdf clwsf/Lsf] gfd klg sfnf];"rLdf btf{ ePsf] 5 . ;DklQ ljj/0f ga'emfPsf sf/0f cfof]un] sfnf];"rLdf /fv]sf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf k"j{ ;f+;bx?df sdn]zs'df/ zdf{, uf]ljGb zdf{ sF8]n, dx]Gb|Wjh hL;L, pdfsfGt rf}w/L, uf]kfn /fO{, anaxfb'/ /fO{ -/fli6«o;ef ;f+;b_ ltnsk|;fb Gof}kfg] -/fli6«o ;ef ;f+;b_ hLtaxfb'/ k'/L, 1fg' s];L, xl/k|;fb rf}w/L, s[i0fl;+x kl/of/, u+eL/h+u sfsL{, anaxfb'/ sF'j/ ->Ln+sfsf /fhb"t_ uf]ljGb rf}w/L, j]l0fdfwj l;+x, efujt 1jfnL, ?b|dl0f e08f/L, z}obd]/fh cxdb zfx, b'uf{bQ hf]zL, k|]d/fh cfªbDj], lbnLks'df/ zfxL, afa'/fd /fgf, lzjwf/L ofbj, ljb'/k|;fb kf}8]n, /fw]rGb| ofbj, lzj/fh uf}td, vu]Gb| 9sfn, p4jb]j e§, eLdaxfb'/ vqL 5g\ .

Pdfn]sf k"j{ ;f+;bx? b]jLnfn yfkf, x]dgf/fo0f ofbj, vlnnldof cG;f/L, s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ -kj{t_, lxSdtaxfb'/ zfxL, Zofdnfn tabf/, v]dgf/fo0f kmf}hbf/, lgnaxfb'/ ltlnhf, dl0fs'df/ lnDa', /fdnvg dxtf], emsaxfb'/ k'gM, sfn'/fd /fgf /x]sf 5g\ . /fk|kfsf k"j{ ;f+;bx? Hof]t]Gb|df]xg rf}w/L, vf]ef/L /fo, j[h]zs'df/ u'Ktf, /]0f's'df/L ofbj, g]kfn ;befjgf kf6L{sf lqof]uLgf/fo0f rf}w/L, dgf]gLt ;f+;bx? zf/bf kf]v/]n, OGb'xfª lnDa', /jLGb| rmqjtL{, tTsfnLg ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{sf ;f+;b j/dg a'9f du/ -xfn dfcf]jfbL_, klg cfof]usf] sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf 5g\ . of] ;"rLdf kg]{ cGo k"j{ ;f+;bx?df cf]dljsf; uf}rg, 5Ssdfg nfdf, b'uf{gGbk|;fbl;+x, yf?, gy'gLl;+x bg'jf/, j}wgfy dxtf], tLy{ e';fn, lji0f'axfb'/ tfdfª, xl/k|;fb, /fd cdft, xl/k|;fb ofbj, slkn]Zj/ sfo:y, g/axfb'/ u'?ª, afa'/fd gsdL{, bnl;+x yfkf, hubLzzDz]/ /f0ff / ;'/]zrGb|bf; ofbj klg 5g\ .

t/ sf+u|];L dfq xf]Og e|i6frf/ jfkt k6s–k6s s73/fdf pleg' k/]sf /fk|kfsf g]tf kb\d;'Gb/ nfjtLn] klg ;DklQ ljj/0f a'emfPsf lyPgg\ . cfof]un] cfkm\gf] gfd sfnf];"rLdf /fv]sf] ;dfrf/ ;fj{hlgs x'gf;fy nfjtLn] cfkm\gf] ;DklQ ljj/0f k]z u/]sf 5g\ . ;fj{hlgs ckdfg e};s]kl5 g]kfnL sf+u|];sf k"j{dGqL uf]kfnhLh+u zfxn] kmf/fd a'emfpg' eof] . kmf/fd ga'emfpg]x?df Pdfn]sf g]tfx? klg 5g\ . cfkm"nfO{ z'4 / ;+3if{zLn dfGg] dfn]sf ;+:yfks dxf;lrj Pj+ Pdfn] ;/sf/sf dGqL ;L=kL=d}gfnL klg of] sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf 5g\ . o;/L sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf elgPsf ;a} k"j{ ;f+;bx? e|i6frf/L gxf]nfg\ . o;df sltko o:tf JolQmx? klg 5g\ hf] OdfGbf/ g} dflgG5g\ . pgLx?af6 s'g} nfk/jfxLjz g} of] uNtL ePsf] klg x'g;S5 t/ o:tf] k|s/0fdf kf6L{sf] s'g} e"ldsf x'g' kg]{ xf] ls xf]Og < ;a} k|d'v kf6L{sf s]Gb|b]lv ufp“:t/;Dd zfvf / ;ldlt 5g\ . tL zfvf / ;ldltn] o:tf] ljifodf rf;f] /fVg' kg]{ xf] ls xf]Og < s]Gb|n] pgLx?nfO{ 3R3Rofpg kg]{ xf] ls xf]Og < clxn] s]xL JolQmsf] sdhf]/Ln] ubf{ kf6L{ g} abgfd x'g uPsf]n] sfo{stf{x?sf] lz/ lgx'l/Psf] cg'ej ul/G5 .

e|d0fsf] pknlAw

!) lbg nfdf] o'/f]k e|d0faf6 k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ b'O{ j6f nfe ePsf] 5 . Ps– pxfFn] nGbgdf cfkm\gf] r:df km]g'{ eof], b'O{– lkgf;sf] pkrf/ u/fpg' eof] . k|wfgdGqL b]pjf nfdf] ;dob]lv lkgf;af6 kLl8t x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFsf] r:df gfssf] 8fF8Ldf gcl8g] / tn eml//xg] ;d:of klg lyof] . efif0f ubf{ jf 6]lnlehgdf x]bf{ pxfF l5gl5gdf bflxg] xftsf] cf}+nfn] r:df dfly ws]Ngd} pxfFn] ;do latfPsf] b]lvGYof] . k|wfgdGqL b]pjf ca Tof] ;d:ofaf6 d'Qm x'g' ePsf] 5 . ut ebf} ( ut] blIf0f clk|msfsf] hf]xG;ju{df cfof]lht lbuf] ljsf; ;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngdf efu lng egL hfg' ePsf] pxfFn] a]lNhod uP/ xltof/ vl/bnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg ?rfpg'eof] eg] To;kl5 a]nfot uP/ ToxfFsf k|wfgdGqL 6f]gL An]o/nfO{ e]6\g cg]s k|oTg ug'{eof] . e]6sf] k|tLIff ug]{ ;do lkgf;sf] pkrf/ / rZdf vl/b u/]/ a}+ss cfpg'eof] . cGttM Jn]o/;+u e]6 ;+ej gePkl5 b'O{ lbg a}+ssdf lj>fd u/]/ sf7df8f}+ kmls{g' eof] . d+unaf/ :jb]z kmls{P/ pxfFn] eGg'eof]– e|d0f pknAwk"0f{ /x\of] .

jfUn] M /fhgLlt ls Jofkf/ <

e|i6frf/L g]tfx?n] /fhgLltnfO{ Jofkf/ agfPsf] s'/f Ps kl5 csf]{ 36gfn] k'i6L ub}{5 . ;a}eGbf ;fw' h:tf] dflgg] / cfkm"nfO{ s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{sf] ;Rrf pQ/flwsf/L 7fGg] lr/~hLjL jfUn]sf] t olt;Dd b]lvof] ls c?x?sf] emg\ s] xf]nf < hfgsf/x? eG5g\– clxn] b]lvPsf] ;DklQ t pgsf ;DklQsf] Pp6f c+z dfq xf] . pgsf s}of}+ ;DklQ cem} cb[Zo g} 5g\ . 5f]/fn] ljb]zdf slt ;DklQ /fv]sf 5g\ eGg] s;}n] olsg ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . jfUn]sf 5f]/f dfkm{t cfh{g ePsf] ;DklQ dGqLn] lnPsf jf kfPsf 5}gg\ . Tof] slt 5 eGg] pgnfO{ g} hfgsf/L gx'g klg ;Qm5 . t/ 5f]/fsf] l;kmfl/zdf jfUn]n] h] h:tf lg0f{o / sfdx? u/] To;af6 w]/} 7"nf 7"nf /sdx? 5f]/fn] lnPsf] cg'dfg pgnfO{ lyPg eGg] ;f]Rg ;lsGg . jfUn] o; cl3 dGqL x'“bfb]lv g} jf:tljs lg0f{ostf{ pgsf 5f]/f lyP . dGqfnosf] x/]s lg0f{o 5f]/fsf] ;xdlt kl5 dfq ;b/ x'GYof] . dGqfno clwgsf kl/of]hgf / ljefu dftxtsf 7]Ssf k§f xf];\ jf ;?jf a9'jf / lgo'lQm— x/]s dfdnfdf lg0ff{os JolQm dGqLsf 5f]/f x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . kl5Nnf] k6s jfUn]n] ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f h:tf] Hofbf e|i6frf/ x'g] dGqfnodf e|i6frf/sf o; cl3sf ;Dk"0f{ sLlt{dfg tf]8] . OlGhlgo/, ;'=O{=, 8L=O{= cflbsf] lgo'lQm / ;?jfdf leqleq} 3";sf] 8fs af]nfP/ lg0f{o u/fpg] qmd tLj| ePsf] lyof] . d]nDrL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf / rf}yf] ;8s ;'wf/ cfof]hgfsf] sG;n6]G;L ;DaGwL b'O{ kl/of]hgf ;DaGwL 7]Ssfdf dfq * s/f]8 eGbf a9L /sd rnv]n ePsf] klxn] g} ;fj{hlgs e};s]sf] 5 . dGqL k'q jfUn]n] ljb]zL gful/s -dn]lzog_sf] ;+nUgtfdf klg sDkgL v8f u/]/ leqleq} u'Kt wGbf ;~rfng ul//x]sf 5g\ / To;nfO{ dfnfdfn u/fpg dGqL jfUn]n] cfkm\gf] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ / k|efj k|of]u u/L cfPsf 5g\ .

dGqL jfUn]sf] e"ldsf / cfh{g clxn] dfq z+sf:kb b]lvPsf] xf]Og . klxnf] k6s dGqL x'“bf -@)$* ;fndf cfk"lt{ dGqL_ g} pgsf] lqmofsnfk ;Gtf]ifhgs gePsf]n] tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] s]xL dlxgfd} jvf{:t u/L lbg'ePsf] lyof] . To;kl5 klg jfUn] k6s–k6s dGqL eP t/ e|i6frf/ ug]{ lgot /f]lsPg . @)$* ;fndf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] k|wfgdGqLTjsfndf cfk"lt{ dGqLaf6 pgsf] dGqL kbsf] ofqf ;'? ePsf] xf] . To; kl5 z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] dlGqd08n @)%@ ebf}df pgL ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqL eP . @)%% ;fndf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] sfndf e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf / jfl0fHo dGqL eP . t];|f] cfd r'gfjkl5 ag]sf] s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{sf] ;/sf/ @)%^ df :yfgLo ljsf;, afnaflnsf dlxnf tyf ;dfhsNof0f dGqL eP . To;kl5 @)%* ;fndf z]/axfb'/sf] ;/sf/ aGof] . of] kl5Nnf] dGqfno ToxL a]nfb]lv pgsf] xftdf k/]sf] xf] . jfUn] ;~rf/dGqL x'“bf To;a]nf 6]lnkmf]g ljt/0fdf ;d]t 3";vf]/L x'g] u/]sf] Jofks rrf{ lyof] . dGqL jfUn] To;a]nf klg b"/;~rf/ ;DaGwL e|i6frf/sf sf/0f clVtof/sf] 3]/fdf k/]sf lyP . jfUn]n] clVtof/sf] kmGbfaf6 To;a]nf plDsg w]/} s;/t ug'{ k/]sf] lyof] . sf+u|];sf Pshgf ;xof]uLn] To;a]nf jfUn]nfO{ arfpg clVtof/sf tTsfnLg k|d'v cfo'Qm /fdk|;fb >]i7;+u kfl/jfl/s ;DaGw ;d]t k|of]u ug'{ k/]sf] lyof] . clVtof/df /x]sf To; a]nfsf] kmfOn cWoog ug]{ xf] eg] clxn] klg b"/;~rf/ sf08df jfUn] bf]ifL 7xl/g] 5g\ . cl:t clVtof/df k/]sf] clwjQmf gGb/fh cfrfo{sf] jfUn] lj?4sf] ph'/L lgs} rlr{t eof] . t/ clVtof/df dGqL jfUn] lj?4 o:tf y'k|} d'2f k/]sf 5g\, h;sf] rrf{ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5}g . clVtof/n] cfkm\gf] ;"q dfkm{t nfdf] ;dob]lv jfUn] / pgsf 5f]/fsf] ultljlwsf] lgu/fgL ul//x]sf] 5 .

jfUn]n] dGqL aGbf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] ;DklQ ljj/0fdf uf]/vf a'ªsf]6df 3/jf/L / v]tLkftL u/L hDdf ^% /f]kgL hUuf lyof] . jfUn]sf] ;DklQ @)$* ;fnsf] xf] . Tof] clxn];Dd a]rlavg ePsf] 5}g . t/ @)%( ;fnsf] ebf} @) ut]df cfOk'Ubf gk'Ub} sl/a ;jf s/f]8 ?k}ofF t gub g} /fVg] JolQmdf kl/0ft e} ;s]5g\ . hfgsf/x? eG5g\– jfUn] / pgsf 5f]/fn] sDtLdf @& s/f]8 ?k}ofF cfh{g u/]sf] cg'dfg 5 . t/ jfUn] ;DklQ ljj/0f 5fglag cfof]unfO{ cfkm";+u ^ nfv ?k}ofF dfq /x]sf], Tof] eGbf a9L x'“b} gePsf] ;DklQ sxfFaf6 b]vfpg] h:tf zAbx? k|of]u u/L clxn] klg rf]lvg] k|oTg ul//x]sf 5g\ . t/ lbg k|ltlbg pxfFsf of] cs't ;DklQsf ljj/0fx? b]lvb} uPsf 5g\ .

!@ jif{df s'g} nufgL g} gu/L oqf] cfh{g s;/L eof] < jfUn]sf] of] ;DklQ b]v]/ ;a}lt/ lha|f] 6f]Sg yflnPsf] 5 . jfUn]n] of] cfh{g ubf{ of] aLrdf cfkm"n] Ps k};f klg nufgL u/]sf] st} s;}nfO{ hfgsf/L 5}g . s'g} nufgL gu/L t:s/Ldf klg o:tf] cfh{g x'“b}g . clxn] jfUn]sf] of] ;DklQ ljj/0f b]v]/ t:s/x? klg cfkm" ;Ddflgt ePsf] 7fGg yfn]sf 5g\ . t:s/L wGbf klg dGqL jfUn]sf] sdfOeGbf s7f]/ k|j[lQsf] x'g] pgLx? atfp“5g\ . Tof] kqmfp k¥of] eg] ltg'{ kg]{ b08n] hf]lvdo'Qm agfPsf] xf] . t:s/x?sf] Psdfq p2]Zo sdfpg] x'G5 . t/ ;dfhdf kl/jt{g u5'{ egL /fhgLltdf nfu]sf o:tf JolQmn] /fhgLltnfO{ t:s/L wGbf eGbf tn kf/]sf] jfUn]sf] k|j[lQ / pknlAwn] b]vfPsf] 5 . !)–!@ jif{sf] cjlwdf s'g} cfly{s nufgL gu/L of] ljlw ;DklQ s;/L cfh{g eof] eGg] k|Zg t 5Fb}5 To;dfly dGqLh:tf] kbdf a;]sf JolQmn] cfkm}+n] ;f]xL k|of]hgsf nflu u7g u/]sf] cfof]udf of] ljj/0f lsg v'nfPgg\ eGg] k|Zg Tof] eGbf emg uDeL/ 5 .

dGqL jfUn] dfly ;DklQ hfFra'em cfof]usf ;fy} clVtof/n] klg sf/jfxL ug]{ ;Defjgf 5 . e|i6frf/ lgjf/0f ;DaGwL jt{dfg sfg'gdf l/Zjtaf6 cfh{g u/]sf] ;DklQ Ps s/f]8 k'Uof] eg] * jif{b]lv !) jif{;Dd s}b x'g] Joj:yf 5 . jfUn];+u Ps s/f]8 eGbf dflysf] /sd t gub} /x]sf] k'i6L e};s]sf] 5 . gofF sfg'gdf of] ;DklQ l/Zjt cflh{t xf]Og egL ;|f]t v'nfpg' kg]{ sfd :jo+ cleof]uLn] ug'{ kg]{5 .

k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] :ki6 kfg'{ kb{5

8f=/fdz/0f dxt, k"j{ cy{dGqL

k|wfgdGqLsf] ljb]z e|d0f / ljb]zsf] sfo{qmd To;sf] cfjZostf / cf}lrTosf] lgwf{/0f ug]{ k|wfgdGqLsf] sfof{no / ;/sf/n] xf] . ljifosf] dxTj x]/]/ ljb]z e|d0f ug'{k5{ . blIf0f clk|msfsf] hf]xfg];ju{df eO/x]sf] lbuf] ljsf; ;DaGwL ;Dd]ng /fi6« k|d'vx?n] efu lng] lzv/ ;Dd]ng xf] . To; ;Dd]ngdf hfg] k|wfgdGqLsf] lg0f{onfO{ plrt dfGg ;lsG5 . oBlk b]z w]/} ;d:ofn] u|l;t ePsf] cj:yfdf ljb]z hfg} k5{ eGg] klg 5}g . t/ k|wfgdGqL hf]xfg];ju{ guP/ a|;]N; d} a:g'eof] . a|;]N;kl5 a]nfot / yfONof08 x'“b} :jb]z kms{g'eof] . of] k|wfgdGqLsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t e|d0f xf]Og . pxfFn] lsg o:tf] ug'{eof] a'lemPg . k|wfgdGqLsf] e|d0fsf] sfo{qmd tflnsf dlxgf}+ cufl8 to ul/G5 . s'g lbg, s'g ;dodf s] ug]{, sf];+u e]6\g] w]/} cl3 to ul/G5 . t/ o;f] ePsf] b]lvPg . cToGt xn'sf / xr'jf 9+un] sfo{qmd ag]sf] b]lvof] . o;n] d'n'ssf] zf;g k4lt s;/L rn]sf] 5 eg]/ k|i6ofp“5 . o;nfO{ k|zf;lgs sdhf]/L dfq eGg ldNb}g . b]zdf ;'zf;gsf] t s'/f k/} hfcf];\ zf;g klg clt lgDg :t/sf] /x]sf] Pp6f HjnGt pbfx/0f xf] . hf]xfg];ju{sf] cf}krfl/s sfo{qmddf efu glnO{ k|wfgdGqL kms{g' x'“b}gYof] /, g]kfn ;fs{sf] cWoIf klg xf], To;}n] klg k|wfgdGqLn] blIf0f Plzofsf] g]tfsf] x}l;otn] o; kIfsf] wf/0ff ;f] ;Dd]ngdf /fVg'kYof]{ . Tof] ;Ddfgaf6 xfdL al~rt ePsf 5f}+ . cem ;'Ggdf cfP cg';f/ ;fs{ If]qsf] lbuf] ljsf; ;DaGwL cjwf/0ff kq ;d]t ;dodf k]z gul/Psf] sf/0f To;n] k|j]z kfPg . o;sf] nflu ;fs{ cWoIfsf] x}l;otn] g]kfnn] g}lts lhDd]jf/L lng' k5{ . :ki6 5– ;/sf/ ;/sf/ h:tf] eP/ rln/x]sf] 5}g .

k|wfgdGqL cgf}krfl/s sfo{qmddf g} a9L s]lGb|t x'g'eof] . To;}n] ljb]zdf pxfFsf] :jfut ;Tsf/df eP ul/Psf ultljlwsf] l6Kk0fL plrt x'“b}g . ljb]zdf xfdLn] cgfjZos :jfutsf] ck]Iff /fVg' klg x'“b}g /, k|wfgdGqLsf] e|d0fsf] cjlwdf g} j]lNhod ;/sf/ ;+s6u|:t aGof] . t/ o;nfO{ gsf/fTds l6Kk0fL ug{ ldNb}g, of] sfutfnL / ;+of]u k/]sf] dfq xf] . k|wfgdGqLn] xltof/ vl/b ;DaGwL s'/f ug'{ ePsf] x'g ;S5 . t/ To;}sf] nflu k|wfgdGqL a]lNhod hfg' h?/L lyPg . xltof/ vl/b ;DaGwL lg0f{o klxnf g} eO;s]sf] lyof] . a]lNhod ;/sf/n] To;nfO{ :jLs[lt lbg] ;DaGwL ljjfb lyof] . sfutfnLn] Tof] ljjfb ToxLa]nf eof] h'ga]nf k|wfgdGqL b]pjf j]lNhoddf x'g'x'G5 . of] af3 s/fpg' / afv|f x/fpg' eg]h:t} Pp6f ;+of]u dfq xf] . a]lNhoddf pTkGg Tof] ljjfbnfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf] e|d0fn] lgZro g} d2t u/]sf] xf]nf . a'em\gdf cfP;Dd k|wfgdGqL xltof/ vl/b ;DaGwL ljifonfO{ g} lnP/ ljb]z uPsf] klg xf]Og . e|d0fsf] p2]Zo Tof] x'“bf klg xf]Og . blIf0f clk|msf hfg' cl3 o'/f]kdf a:bf ToxfFsf o'/f]lkog sldzgsf kbflwsf/L / o'/f]lkog /fi6«sf ;/sf/;+u af6f]df kbf{ e]63f6 ug'{ :jfefljs k|lqmof xf] . To;sf/0f o;df s'g} uDeL/ Ph]08f lyPg . o; k|sf/sf] e]63f6 klxn] klg x'g] uy]{ .

zfxL ;]gfnfO{ cfw'lgs xltof/n] ;'–;DkGg u/fpg, ;]gfnfO{ xltof/ lbnfpg' kg]{ cfjZostf ;a}n] dx;'; u/]sf lyP . ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{n] klg :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 / o;df ljjfb 5}g . ;]gfsf] ;+Vof yKg] sfd klg ePsf] 5 . o;} l;nl;nfdf xltof/ vl/b ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] 5 / To;sf] nflu plrt ah]6 klg 5'6\ofOPsf] 5 . To;}sf] xltof/ vl/b ;DaGwL s'/fnfO{ cgf}7f] dfGg ldNb}g . s:tf] xltof/ vl/b ug]{ eGg] s'/f zfxL ;]gfn] lg0f{o ug]{ s'/f xf] . k|wfgdGqLsf] e|d0fsf] cj;/df g} xltof/ vl/bdf sldzgsf] v]n ePsf] rrf{ rNg yfn]sf] 5 . o:tf] rrf{ x'g' b'Mvb\ s'/f xf] . o:tf] rrf{ x'g glbgsf] nflu ;/sf/n] kf/bzL{ 9+un] cfkm\gf] s'/f hg;dIf /fVg'k5{ . /IffdGqL klg x'g' ePsf k|wfgdGqL j]lNhodaf6 kmls{g' ePsf] 5, pxfFn] xltof/ vl/bdf æaLrsf] JolQmsf]Æ xft 5}g, sldzg v]n ePsf] 5}g eg]/ k|i6\ofpg' k5{ . klxn] ;/sf/n] dx+uf ;fdfg lsGbf aLrsf] JolQmsf] e"ldsf /xg gx'g] dGqL n]vfk9L klg ug]{ ul/Psf] lyof] . xltof/ vl/bdf s'g} sldzg Ph]G6 ePdf :ki6 kfl/g'k5{ / To;nfO{ slt /sd lbOPsf] 5 Tof] klg hg;dIf cfpg'k5{ . tf ls sldzgsf] k};f s/sf] bfo/fdf cfpg ;sf];\ . j]lNhod ;/sf/b]lv ;+;b\;Dd ;+nUg 5 To;}n] g]kfn / j]lNhod b'j} b]zaf6 o;af/]df k|i6\ofpg' h?/L 5 . of] xltof/ g]kfnLn] cfkm\g} k};fn] vl/b ug{ nfu]sf] xf] . xfdL qm]tf xf}+ . qm]tfsf] xft ;w}+ dfly x'G5 . xfd|f] b]zsf] sfg'gn] ;/sf/L vl/bdf sldzg Ph]G6sf] e"ldsf :ki6 kfg]{ jfWosf/L Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnL k};f sldzgdf klg vr{ eof] eg] Tof] b'ef{Uok"0f{ x'G5 . xfd|f] cfly{s lgodn] eG5– sldzgsf] k};f kf/bzL{ x'g'k5{ . csf]{ s'/f, cfly{s clgoldttfsf] lj?4 hgdt k|jn ePsf] cj:yf 5 . /fh:jsf s]xL sd{rf/LnfO{ clVtof/n] sf/jfxL ul//x]sf] 5 . cfly{s n]gb]gsf ;a} s'/f kf/bzL{ x'g'k5{ . lghL If]q ;+nUg /x]sf] Jofkf/df cfkm\gf] ;fdfg ljqmL u/fP jfkt Ph]G6nfO{ s]xL /sd lbg] k|fjwfg x'G5 . emg xftxltof/ Pj+ dx+uf ;'/Iff ;fdu|Ldf sldzgsf] e"ldsf cem} a9L x'G5 . /sd lbg] k|fjwfg x'G5 . oxfF klg To;f] ePsf] xf] eg] yfxf x'g'k¥of] . t/ h;/L k|wfgdGqL o;df ;+nUg x'g'x'G5 eGg] rrf{ ul/Psf] 5, o:tf s'/fx?df cS;/ u/]/ /fhgLlt1x?nfO{ bf]if lbg] rng 5 . t/ Pp6f lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] ljgf cfwf/ s;}nfO{ bf]if nufpg ldNb}g . k|wfgdGqLsf] ;+nUgtf xf]nf eGg] ljZjf; dnfO{ 5}g . o;f] eGg k|wfgdGqLsf] kbsf] ;d]t cjd"Nog ug'{ xf] . t/ klg k|wfgdGqLn] xltof/ vl/bsf aLrsf] JolQmsf] s'g} e"ldsf gePsf] :ki6 kfg'{ ePdf 7"nf] hgdtnfO{ ;Gt'i6 kfg{df d2t k'Ub5 . xfnsf] cj:yfdf of] olt ;+j]bgzLn ljifo xf] ls xftxltof/sf] vl/bdf dfq xf]Og x]lnsf]K6/ Pj+ cGo xf8{j]o/ vl/bdf sldzg 5 jf 5}g To;af/] ;/sf/n] :ki6 kfg}{ k5{ . cGoyf z+sf ug]{ k|z:t 7fp“ /xG5 .

clxn];Dd g]kfnL sf+u|];df cflwsfl/tfsf] ljjfb klg ;fDo ePsf] 5}g . clxn] sf+u|]; km'6]sf] eGg ldNg] cj:yf klg 5}g . lsgeg] b'j} KfIfn] æcflwsfl/s sf+u|]; xfdL xf}+, eg]sf 5g\ . ljeflht eof}+ eg]sf 5}gg\ . of] ljjfbsf] ljifo klg xf]Og . lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf ;efklt ePsf] sf+u]|; afx]s csf]{ cflwsfl/s sf+u|]; 5Fb} 5}g . of] 3fd em}+ 5n{· ePsf] s'/fdf klg lgjf{rg cfof]un] clxn];Dd lg0f{o glbPsf] sf/0fn] of] ljjfb lg:s]sf] xf] . lgjf{rg cfof]un] sf]O/fnf ;efklt ePsf] sf+u|];sf] cflwsfl/tf k|dfl0ft gul/sg ;'v} 5}g . To;kl5 ljjfbsf] cGTo x'G5 / cfkm"nfO{ sf+u|]; eGg] ;a} sf+u|];sf] 5ftfd'lg cfpg'k5{ . cfof]usf] lg0f{odf lrQ ga'emfP/ s;}n] csf]{ kf6L{ u7g u5{g\ eg] To;nfO{ csf]{ kf6L{sf] gfd lbOG5 . /, lgjf{rg cfof]uaf6 sf+u|];n] sf+u|];sf] r'gfj lrGx gkfpg] xf] eg] To;nfO{ 7"nf] b'3{6gf eGg'k5{ . Tolta]nf k|hftGq ;+s6df kg{ nfUof] eg]/ 7fg] x'G5 . b'3{6gfkl5 s:tf] pkrf/ ug]{ eGg] lg0f{o cufl8 ug{ ;lsGg . r'gfj lrGx gkfP o;} ug]{ eGg] kf6L{n] lg0f{o u/]sf] klg 5}g / cflwsfl/tf k|dfl0ft x'“b}g ls eGg] z+sf klg 5}g . To;f] ePg eg] lgikIf lgjf{rgsf] lhDdf lnPsf] lgjf{rg cfof]un] cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ug{ ;S5 ls ;Sb}g eGg] af/] klg z+sf pTkGg x'G5 . cfof]un] r'gfj lrGx ;xL sf+u|];nfO{ lbPg eg] æ?n ckm nÆ pNn+3g ePsf] dflgG5 . k|hftGq eg]sf] æ?n ckm nÆ xf] . lgod, sfg'g ljwfgaf/] k|hftflGqs Joj:yfdf zf;g ul/G5 . t/ To;nfO{ tf]l8of] eg] vt/f pTkGg x'G5 . olb æ?n ckm nÆ g]kfndf 5 eg] æ?vÆ c? s;}n] kfpg ;Sb}g .

sf+u|];df clxn] Pstfsf] k|of; ePsf] 5}g . sf+u|]; cflwsfl/tfsf] ljjfb ;dfKt eP/ ;+:yfkg kIfn] ?v lrGx kfPkl5 To; kf6L{df :jtM ;a} ;dflxt x'G5g\ . lul/hfafa's} g]t[Tjdf ;a} sf+u|];nfO{ ;d]6\g] k|of; x'g'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] wf/0ff xf] . of] ljjfb ;dfKt ePkl5 sf+u|]; r'gfjL tof/Ldf nfU5 . oBlk r'gfj u/fpg sl7g 5 eg]/ ;a} kf6L{n] elg/x]sf 5g\, sf+u|];n] klg eg]sf] 5 . kxf8L lhNnfdf ;b/d'sfd afx]ssf 7fp“df uP/ ;Dd]ng ug]{ cj:yf 5}g . of] r'gfjsf] nflu pko'Qm ;do xf]Og . r'gfj u/fpg] lg0f{o ;/f;/ unt lg0f{o xf] . ;/sf/n] lx+;fTds ultljlw oyfjt 5 eg]/ ;+s6sfn nufof] eg] Tof] emg\ b'ef{Uok"0f{ lg0f{o x'G5 . ;/sf/nfO{ ;+s6sfn nufpg} lyof] eg] ;+;b\ lj36g lsg u/]sf] < ;+;b\n] s] ck/fw u/]sf] lyof] < lgjf{rgsf] 3f]if0ff ul/;s]kl5 ;+s6sfn nufP/ Psflt/ df}lns clwsf/ xgg ug]{ csf]{tkm{ r'gfj u5{' eGg] < clg zflGt ;'/Iffsf] cg'e"lt lbg g;Sg] . of] t k/:k/ lj/f]wL s'/f xf] . r'gfjsf] nflu zflGt ;'/Iffsf] k"0f{ Uof/]G6L x'g'k5{ . b]zsf] s'g} klg efudf :jtGqtfk"j{s 3'Dg], cfd;ef ug]{ jftfj/0f x'g'k5{ . r'gfjsf] lbgdf ;'/Iffsf] 3]/fdf a;]/, dtbfg s]Gb| dfq ;'/Iff u/]/ ;'/Iffsf] Uof/]G6L x'“b}g . of] t nflbPsf] r'gfj xf] . k|fljlws ?kdf of] r'gfj ;DkGg xf]nf t/ Jofks hg;xeflutf eP/ hgfb]z lbg] vfnsf] lgjf{rg x'g] cj:yf 5}g . Jofks hg;xeflutf ljgfsf] r'gfj k|fljlws ?kdf dfq ;DkGg u/]/ s] b]zdf k|hftGqsf] /Iff x'g ;S5, hgdtsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g ;S5, of] uDeL/ ljifo xf] . d]/f] ljrf/df cfufdL lbgx?df sd;]sd tLgj6f /fi6«JofkL lgjf{rg x'g] cj:yf b]v]sf] 5' . klxnf] sflt{s @& sf] r'gfj h'g k|fljlws ?kdf dfq x'g ;Snf, Jofks hgdt k|ltlglwTj ug]{ vfnsf] x'“b}g . t;y{ lgjf{rg ;d:of pTkGg x'g ;S5 . bf];|f] :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] lgjf{rg h'g o;} jif{sf] r}q dlxgf leq ;DkGg ug'{ kg]{ ;/sf/n] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . / t];|f] lgjf{rg eg]sf] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg eP kl5 pgLx?nfO{ klg /fli6«o d"nwf/df NofP/ ul/g] lgjf{rg h;nfO{ ;lhn};+u cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . dfcf]jfbLx? /fli6«o d"nwf/df gcfP klg o;sf] cfd lgjf{rgsf] rfF8} g} cfjZostf kg]{ x'g ;S5 lsgeg] sflt{s @& ut] x'g] lgjf{rgn] hgdtsf] ;xL k|ltlglwTj ug{ ;S5 eGg] s'/f :jod\ ;/sf/df a:g]x? / lgjf{rg cfof]u ;d]tnfO{ ljZjf; 5}g . s] of] ul/j d'n'sn] o;/L Ps kl5 csf]{ cToGt dx+uf] lgjf{rgnfO{ y]Ug ;S5 < Pp6f lgjf{rgsf] vr{ xfnsf] cj:yfdf sd;]sd tLg c/a ?k}ofFsf] cg'dfg 5 . /fhgLlts ;'ema'em Pj+ kof{Kt u[xsfo{ ePsf] cj:yfdf Ps k6ssf] lgjf{rgn] s] oL tLgj6} cj:yfdf x'g ;Sg] lgjf{rgsf] p2]Zo k"/f ug{ ;Sg] lyPg <

k|:t'ltM k|sfz lu/L