k|]d / hLjg

Clif wdnf

…pgn] 6Lsf nufOlbP/ Pp6f km"n lbOg\Ú

>LdtL afx]s pxfFn] hLjgdf b'O{hgf s]6L;Fu 3lgi6 ;DaGw /fVg' ePsf] 5 . s]6L eg]kl5 af]Ng} nfh dfGg] pxfFn] ldqjt / cfTdLo ;DaGw /fv]sf tL b'O{ s]6Lx? clxn] pxfFsf] gh/df 5}gg\ .

æd s]6L eg]kl5 af]Ng 8/fpg] dfG5], s]6L;Fu af]Ng' kbf{ nfh nfUYof], t/ d]/f] hLjgdf b'O{ hgf s]6L o:tf lyP, hf];Fu d]/f] lgZ5n t/ glhssf] ;DaGw /x\of] .Æ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf af}l4s g]tf g/xl/ cfrfo{n] eGg'eof] .

k|;Fu lyof] k|]dsf], :s"n / sn]h k9\bfsf lbgsf] . cfrfo{n] hLjgdf cfkm\gf] s;};+u k|]d gePsf] atfP klg tL b'O{ s]6Lx?nfO{ eg] ;Demg' eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof]– lqe'jg ljZjljBfnodf k9\bf d]/f] cToGt ldNg] ;fyL lyOg\– 8f=zf]efsflGt y]u]g . pgL clxn] o; ;+;f/df 5}gg\ . t/ l;lSsdaf6 cfPsL pgL;Fu d]/f] ldqtf lyof] . ljZjljBfnosf] ljefu cGtu{tsf] ;ldltdf d cWoIf lyPF, pgL ;lrj . xfdLaLr k9fOsf], b]zsf] / hutsf] af/]df s'/f x'GYof] .Æ

csL{ s]6Lsf] k|;Fu cgf}7f] 5 . of] s]6L;Fu pxfFsf] e]6 afNosfndf ePsf] lyof] . @)@$ ;fnlt/sf] s'/f xf], g/xl/ cfrfo{ /]l8of]sf] afn sfo{qmddf sljtf ;'gfpg b'O{ jif{sf nflu 5gf}6 x'g'eof] . To;a]nf afn sfo{qmdsf] k|ToIf k|;f/0f x'GYof] / sfo{qmd r}+ To;a]nfsf nSsf hjfg, clxn]sf rlr{t lgb]{zs Pj+ uLtsf/ ofbj v/]nn] rnfpg' x'GYof] . To;a]nf /]l8of]df Pp6f sljtf ;'gfP jfkt kfFr ?k}ofF kfl/>lds kfOGYof] . cfrfo{ Tof] k};f uf]hLdf xfn]/ ;f]em} l;g]df x]g{ bf}8g' x'GYof] . /]l8of]df sljtf ;'gfpg] qmdd} pxfFsf] 3lgi7tf Pp6L s]6L;Fu eof] .

Pslbg sljtf ;'gfP/ cfrfo{ / Tof] s]6L;+u} af6f]df kms{b} x'g'x'GYof] . cfrfo{n] afNosfnsf] Tof] If0f ;Demb} eGg'eof]– dnfO{ Tof] s]6Lsf] gfd ;d]t yfxf lyPg . xfdL;Fu} eb|sfnL dlGb/ uof}+ . pgn] dnfO{ 6Lsf nufOlbOg\ / Pp6f km"n klg lbOg\ . dnfO{ Ps lsl;dsf] cfgGb dx;'; eO/x]sf] lyof] To;a]nf . kl5 xfdL;Fu} kf6gdf l;g]df x]g{ uof}+ . pgL clxn] sxfF l5g\ < cfrfo{n] eGg'eof]– pgL sxfF l5g, s] ub}{l5g dnfO{ yfxf 5}g . pgL ot} st} xf]lng, t/ clxn] s;/L lrGg ;S5' / < gfd ;d]t yfxf 5}g . pgL;Fu d]/f] Tof] g k|]d lyof], g kl/kSj ldqtf g} lyof], lyof] t s]jn cjf]w z}nLsf] lgs6tf . d cem} klg ;DemG5'=== Tof] If0f .Æ oL b'O{hgf;u afx]s hLjgdf cGo s'g} s]6L;Fu pxfFsf] cfTdLo ;DaGw /x]g . k|]dLsf eg] klg, ;fyL eg] klg, hLjg ;+lugL eg] klg clxn] cfrfo{sf] hLjg k[i7df zf/bf zdf{ afx]s c? s;}sf] gfd sf]l/Psf] 5}g .

w]/}n] cg'dfg nufpg] u5{g\, sjloqL zf/bf;Fu cfrfo{sf] k|]d ljjfx ePsf] xf]nf . t/ pxfFx?sf] ljjfx lgtfGt k/Dk/fut ljjfx lyof] . a? ljjfx kl5 zf/bfsf] k|ltef / JolQmTjaf6 cfrfo{ k|efljt x'g'ePsf] xf] . lqrGb| sn]hdf k9fpFbf cfrfo{ rf}jL; jif{sf x'g'x'GYof] . 3/df cfdfn] eGg yfNg' eof]– x]/ 5f]/f t}n] k9fO{ klg k"/f ul/;\, gf]s/L klg kfO;\, ca ljjfx ug'{k5{ . cfrfo{sf] ;'/ rflx+ ljBfjfl/lw k"/f u/]/ dfq ljjfx ug]{ lyof] . ;fyLefOsf] ;xof]u / cGo w]/} k|;+ux? ljjfxsf nflu hf]l8g cfPkl5 lqrGb| sn]haf6} aL=P:;L= k"/f u/]/ a:g' ePsL zf/bf;+u pxfFsf] ljjfx eO5f8\of] . s'/fsfgL rn]sf] cem egf}+ /fd|/L af]nrfn ePsf] ;ft lbgd} pxfFx?sf] ljjfx ePsf] lyof] .

pxfFn] eGg'eof]– ljjfx u/]/ leq\ofPkl5 dfq d}n] pgsf] ljz]iftf yfxf kfPF . pgL;Fu ;oj6f hlt sljtf lyP . ;a} k9]kl5 5fKgsf nflu eg]/ d}n] g} @% j6f sljtf 5'6\ofPF .Æ

@)#( ;fndf hgg]tf aL=kL= sf]O/fnfsf] b]xj;fg eof] . ef]lnkN6} cfrfo{ bDklQ aL=kL=sf] lgjf;df uof] . kms]{/ 3/ cfPkl5 zf/bfn] tTsfn Pp6f sljtf sf]g'{eof]–æxfg]{ of]4fnfO{ d]/f] jwfO{ .Æ kl5 of] sljtf k'?iff]Qd a:g]tsf] ;DkfbsTjdf k|sflzt x'g] ‘k"hf’sf] aL=kL= ljz]iff+sdf k|sflzt eof] . cfrfo{n] eGg'eof]– zf/bf dnfO{ ;a}eGbf /fd|L nfU5 . t/ pgsf] ;flxlTos n]vg klg dg k5{ . dnfO{ dg kg]{ sljx?df zf/bf klg Ps x'g\ .Æ

ljjfx u/]kl5 zf/bfnfO{ cfrfo{n] g} Pd=P=;Dd d'v}n] k9fpg' eof] . cfrfo{nfO{ nfU5, zf/bfsf] JolQmTjn] cem} k|:km'l6t x'g] df}sf kfPsf] 5}g .

cfrfo{nfO{ :qLsf] cfFvf dgk5{, t/ o;df pxfFsf] cfkm\g} JofVof 5 . pxfFn] eGg'eof]– dfG5]sf] Wofg ;a}eGbf klxnf] cfFvfdf hfG5 . d}n] s;}nfO{ x]/]/ dg k/fpg] xf]Og, p;n] dnfO{ s;/L x]5{ eGg] cfwf/df dg k/fpg] xf] . cfkm\gf] cfFvfn] x]/] h:t} c?sf] cfFvfn] klg To;}u/L x]l/lbP dfq ;DaGwsf] k|lqmof ;'? x'G5 . c?sf] cfFvfsf] x]/fO ;xh ePg eg] Tof] cfFvfdf x]g{ klg ufx|f] x'G5 .Æ

ljjfxkl5 xlgd'g dgfpg pxfFx? bflh{lnª hfg' ePsf] lyof] . cfrfo{ bflh{lnª uPsf] Tof] g} klxnf] k6s lyof] . æcl:t e/v/ zf/bf;+u} uP/ æu'0fÆ l;g]df Ujfsf]{df lxGbL l;g]df b]jbf; x]/]+ . dnfO{ dg k/]sf] rnlrq xnd} uP/ x]g]{ u/]sf] 5' . ut jif{ Sof/fefg, 6fO6lgs / a;GtL xnd} uP/ x]/]+Æ pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

k/:qL;+u slxNo} ;]S; ;DaGw g/fVg' ePsf cfrfo{ æ;]S; eg]sf] cfkm"nfO{ la;{g] dfWod xf]Æ eGg'x'G5 . pxfFn] eGg'eof]– ;a}eGbf 7"nf] cfgGb kfpFbf jf cfqmf]lzt x'Fbf dfG5]n] cfkm"nfO{ la;{G5 . cfkm"nfO{ la;{g' eg]sf] z"Gotfdf ljlng x'g' xf] . cfWoflTds ;fwgfn] klg Tof] z"Gotf k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5, ;]S;af6 klg s]xL If0f z"Gotfdf ljlng x'g ;lsG5 . dfG5] oxL cfgGbsf nflu ;]S;k|lt cfslif{t ePsf] xf] .

k}lqs ynf] tgx'F eP klg cfrfo{sf lktfn] !(*& ;fnlt/} sf7df8f}+sf] ljzfngu/df hUuf hf]8\g' ePsf] lyof] . !(() ;fnsf] e'sDkkl5 agfOPsf] 3/df @)!) ;fndf pxfFsf] hGd eof] . t/ clxn] cfrfo{ al;/xg' ePsf] 3/ / hUuf eg] klxn]sf] 3/ hUuf a]r]/ !((% ;fnlt/} agfOPsf] xf] . slxn] sf7df8f}+, slxn] tgx'F / slxn] dfdf3/df pxfFsf] afNosfn lat]sf]n] bz jif{sf] pd]/;Dd cfrfo{sf] k9fO{ Jojl:yt ePg . pxfFsf lktf g/b]jLl:yt cfo'j]{b ljBfnosf ;+:yfks x'g'x''GYof] . lktfn] cfrfo{nfO{ cfkm"n] k9fpg] ljBfnodf nfg'x'GYof] . t/ bz jif{ k'u]kl5 dfq dfdf3/ DofUb]sf] Pp6f :s"ndf pxfFn] lstfa lnP/ k9\g ;'? ug'{eof] . dfdf3/af6 tgx'Fsf] r'bL /D3f em/]kl5 cfrfo{sf] :jtGq hLjg k|f/De eof] . ToxfFsf] ;+:s[t dfWolds ljBfnodf pxfFn] tLg jif{ k9\g' eof] .æ8]/fdf a:Yof}+, cfkm+} ksfpg], cfkm}+ ef8f dfem\g], cfkm}+ bfp/f vf]Hg] / cfkm}+ kfgL Nofpg' kg]{ . cleefjs lyPgg\, k9g dg nfu] k9\y+], v]Ng dg nfu] v]Ny+], !) jif{sf] pd]/b]lv ;'? ePsf] d]/f] pGd'Qm hLjg clxn];Dd oyfjt 5 .Æ cfrfo{n] eGg'eof]   . ;ft jif{sf] x'Fbf lktfsf] b]xj;fg eO;s]sf] lyof] .

tLgwf/f ;+:s[t 5fqfaf;df egf{ ePsf] s]xL dlxgfd} pxfFnfO{ 5fq o'lgogsf] æklqsf dGqLÆ agfOof] . ljBfyL{x?sf] of] dGqL d08ndf lzIff dGqLn] k':tsfno x]y]{, vfB dGqLn] efG;f . klqsf dGqL cfrfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L lyof]– gofF ;8saf6 klqsf lsg]/ Nofpg] / 5fqfaf;sf] jfrgfnodf 6fF:g] . pxfFn] eGg'eof]– klqsfk|lt ddf ToxLaf6 cle?lr lyof], /fhgLlts ljrf/sf] k|lzIf0f klg ToxL+af6 eof] .

;+:s[t 5fqfaf;df dlGqd08n ePkl5 ;+;b\ t x'g] g} eof] . cf7 sIffb]lv :gftsf]Q/;Ddsf ;a} ljBfyL{ ;f+;b lyP . gf} jif{;Ddsf] 5fqaf; hLjgdf cfrfo{ ToxfFsf] ;+;b\sf] cWoIf / o'lgogsf] pk;efklt;Dd aGg' eof] . ToxL ;+;b\df ;fKtflxs ljbfsf lbg slxn] jfbljjfb t slxn] ;flxTo ;Dd]ng x'g] uYof]{ . clxn]sf] k|ltlglw ;ef -xfn lj3l6t_df em}+ ;f+;b / dGqLx? pkl:yt geP klg sfd rNg] h:tf] lyPg . 5fqfaf;sf] ;+;b\ . jfbljjfb / ;flxTo ;Dd]ngdf efu lng} kg]{ s8f lgod lyof] . h;n] efu lnb}gYof], p;n] a]n'sf ef]s} a:g' kYof]{ . cfrfo{n] tL lbg ;Demb} eGg'eof]– hj{h:tL af]Ng} kg]{, hfg] klg ghfg] klg ;flxTo n]Vg} kg]{, Tof] jftfj/0fn] g} dnfO{ n]Vg / af]Ng l;sfof] . To;a]nf ;a}sf cufl8 pleP/ af]Nbf y/{/{ v'§f sfFKy] .Æ

5fqfaf;sf] ToxL jftfj/0fn] cfrfo{nfO{ slj agfOlbof] . To;a]nf u08sL 5fq ;ldltn] ‘ljj]s ljGb'’ gfds klqsf lgsfNYof], h;sf] k|wfg;Dkfbs x'gx'GYof]– jt{dfg dGqL lr/~hLjL jfUn] . ToxL klqsfdf cfrfo{sf] ‘k'tnL’ zLif{ssf] klxnf] sljtf 5flkPsf] lyof] . @)@% ;fndf afndlGb/n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] /fli6«o afn sljtf dxf]T;jdf cfrfo{sf] ‘8fFkm]’ zLif{ssf] sljtf k|yd eef] /, pxfFn] :j0f{ kbs kfpg' eof] . @)@( ;fnsf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngdf efu lnP jfkt pxfF kqmfp kg'{eof] / s]xL lbg xg'dfg9f]sfdf y'lgg' eof] .

;+:s[t 5fqfaf;df cfrfo{ k9\bf k9\b} To;nfO{ k"/f gu/Lsg} pxfF lqe'jg ljZjljBfnodf g]kfnL ljifo lnP/ Pd=P=df egf{ x'g'eof] . 5fqfaf; 5f]8]kl5 pxfFn] sljtf n]Vg klg 5f]8\g' eof] . @)## ;fndf k|yd >]0fLdf k|yd eP/ Pd=P= kf; u/]kl5 pxfFn] dx]Gb| ljBf e'if0f kbs klg kfpg' eof] . pxfFnfO{ cem} ;Demgf 5, @)## ;fn df3 !# ut]b]lv pxfFn] lqrGb| sn]hdf g]kfnL efiff / ;flxTo ljifodf aL=P=df k9fpg yfNg' eof] . SofDk;x?df o'lgog k|ltjlGwt lyP To;a]nf . To;}n] cfkm\gf] ljefu cGtu{t pxfFn] g]kfnL ;flxTo kl/ifb\ u7g ug'{eof] / To;sf] cWoIf aGg' eof] . @)$% ;fndf k|fWofks ;+3sf] lgjf{rgdf pxfF k|hftGqjfbL ;d"xsf] tkm{af6 dxf;lrj kbdf v8f x'g'ePsf] lyof] . @)$^ ;fndf hgcfGbf]ng ;'? x'Fbf;Dd klg cfrfo{ cf}krfl/s ?kdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] s'g} kbdf x'g'x'Gy]g . sf+u|];sf] ;+u7gfTds ;'wf/ s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 eg]/ @)$# ;fndf s[i0f vgfn, slkn >]i7 / cfrfo{n] ;+o'Qm ?kdf tof/ kf/]sf] k|ltj]bg kf6L{sf tLg zLif{:y g]tfnfO{ a'emfOPsf] lyof] . sf+u|]; kf6L{;+u 3lgi7 ;DjGwsf] ;'?jft cfrfo{n] ToxLaf6 k|f/De ug'{ ePsf] xf] .

@)$* ;fnsf] lgjf{rgkl5 g]kfnL sf+u|];n] pxfFnfO{ /fli6«o;ef ;b:odf rog u¥of] . gf]ldg]zg x'g' Pslbg cl3 dfq pxfFn] cfkm"nfO{ /fli6«o;ef ;b:osf nflu kf6L{n] v8f u/]sf] yfxf kfpg' ePsf] lyof] . lqe'jg ljZj ljBfnosf] pkk|fWofks kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbP/ ;+;bLo /fhgLltdf xf]ldg' ePsf cfrfo{nfO{ kl5 dfq yfxf eof]– To;a]nf /fli6«o;ef ;b:o eP klg lqljaf6 /fhLgfdf lbg' clgjfo{ /x]g5 . lqljn] klg 8]9 aif{ kl5 dfq pxfFsf] /fhLgfdf :jLs[t u¥of] . ljZjljBfnodf !& aif{ ;]jf u/]/ PsfPs ;lqmo /fhgLltdf nfUg' ePsf cfrfo{ clxn] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf af}l4s r]t;DkGg s]Gb|Lo txsf s]xL ;Lldt g]tfdWo] Ps x'g'x'G5 . sf+u|]; kf6L{sf] gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{b]lv kf6L{sf] l;4fGt / ljrf/nfO{ sfo{stf{ tx;Dd ;/n 9+un] ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ e"ldsfdf cfrfo{sf] af}l4s k|ltefn] ;kmntf xfl;n ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] ut !* dlxg] k|wfgdGqLTjsfndf pxfF ;+;bLo Joj:yf dGqL x'g'x'GYof] . ;+:s[t 5fqfjf;sf] klqsfdGqLb]lv b]zsf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfdGqL;Ddsf] ofqfdf pxfFn] cfkm\gf] af}l4stfsf] ;kmn k|of]u ug'{ ePsf] 5 . sf+u|]; kf6L{df sd ;dod} s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k'Ug] cfrfo{ yf]/} g]tfdWo] Ps x'g'x'G5 . @)%^ ;fnsf] cfdlgjf{rgdf pxfFnfO{ kf6L{sf] lgjf{rg k|jQmf agfOPsf] lyof] . kf]v/fdf ;DkGg g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ut dxflwj]zgn] pxfFnfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o kbdf lgjf{lrt u¥of] . s]Gb|Lo ;b:odf lgjf{lrt ePkl5 pxfF kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo k|jQmf aGg'eof] .

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf jt{dfg ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ @)#& ;fndf 6'+l8v]nsf] cfd;efdf klxnf] k6s b]Vg' ePsf] lyof] pxfFn] . kl5 @)$% ;fndf k|fWofks ;+3sf] lgjf{rgsf] ljj/0f ;'gfpg g} lul/hfafa';+u pxfFsf] 3lgi7 ;DjGw /x\of], h'g ;DjGw clxn] emg\ uf9f ?kdf ljBdfg 5 . x/]s ljxfg ;f9] rf/ah] p7\g] / /flt bz gaHb} ;'Tg] pxfFsf] lbgrof{ 5 . /S;L slxNo} vfg' ePg pxfFn] . Psk6s kL=Pn=l;+x d]o/ x'Fbf sf7dff8f}+sf] :yfgLo ef]hdf af]nfpg' ePsf] lyof] . ToxfF ‘P]nf’sf] Ps r':sL nufP/ /S;Lsf] :jfb eg] pxfFn] yfxf kfpg' eof] . pxfFn] @)@$ ;fnb]lv lrof vfg ;d]t 5f]8\g' ePsf] 5 . sk8f nufpg lgs} zf}lvg cfrfo{n] ;fgf]df cfdfn] lbPsf] Ps tf]nfsf] cf}7L a]r]/ Ps hf]/ ;'6 l;nfpg' ePsf] lyof] .

;DklQsf] gfddf /fhwfgL -dxf/fhu+h r'gb]jL_df tLg /f]kgL hUuf / Pp6f 3/ 5 . æcl:t cfkm\gf] k'/fgf] a}+s vftf km]nf kf/]/ x]g{ uPsf], hDdf P3f/ xhf/ ?k}ofF /x]5 . clxn] 3/ wfGg] sfd >LdtL ul5{g\ . d}n] sdfpg] eg]sf] sfo{kq n]v]/ g xf] .Æ pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

vfgfdf cfn', lrp/f / e6df; eg]kl5 pxfF x'?Ss} x'g'x'G5 . hLjgdf lj;{g g;Sg] If0f s'g} 5}gg\ . pxfF eGg'x'G5– æhLjgnfO{ lj;]{/ g} cfgGb lng'k5{ . k'/fgf s'/fx? ;+em]/ dg wldnf] kfg'{x'Gg .Æ

rlr{t k|;+u

cfof]usf] egfO

s]bf/ ;'j]bL

olb ljwfg;d]tsf /fhg}lts b:tfj]hnfO{ btf{ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq u|x0f ug]{ xf] eg] bkmf @! adf]lhd ;+zf]lwt jf kl/jlt{t ljwfg dfUg'sf] cf}lrTo g} /xFb}g . o;sf/0f klg /fhg}lts ;+u7gsf ljwfg lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf nflu dfq eP klg ;f] leq k|j]z u/L /fhg}lts ;+u7g jf bn ;~rfng ePsf] 5 5}g egL x]g'{ kg]{ l:ylt x'G5 . /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ -rGb_ sf] ;DaGwdf ;Ddflgt ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 km};nf x'Fbf lgjf{rg cfof]un] kf6L{af6 k]z ePsf] ljwfg;d]tnfO{ b[li6ut u/L u/]sf] lg0f{onfO{ sfg'g;Ddt ePsf] lg0f{o xf] egL :jLsf/ ul/;s]sf] cj:yfdf ljwfgleq k|j]z ug{ ldNb}g eGg] egfO{ sfg'g;Ddt b]lv+b}g .

afg]Zj/ ljz]if clwj]zgdf s"n dxflwj]zg k|ltlglw ;+Vof !$&$ df &&) hgf dxflwj]zg k|ltlgwx? pkl:yt eO{ s"n k|ltlglw ;+Vofsf %@ k|ltzteGbf a9L k|ltlglwx? pkl:yt eO{ lg0f{o eP ul/Paf6 ;f] ljz]if dxflwj]zg / ;f] ljz]if dxflwj]zgn] u/]sf lg0f{ox?sf] j}wtf / dfGotfsf] k'li6 ub{5 egL ax';+Vos dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwx?sf] ;d]t ;dy{g cfkm"k|lt /x]sf] lhsL/ ;lxt tt\;DaGwL dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwx?sf] b:tvt ePsf] lnlvt sfuhft;d]t k]z u/]sf]df >L lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf ;efklt ePsf] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] tkm{af6 pQm afg]Zj/ dxflwj]zg kf6L{ ljwfgsf] wf/f !$ / #* ;d]tsf] sfo{ljlw k|lqmof gk'u]sf] x'Fbf cj}w ePsf] / ;f] afg]Zj/ dxflwj]zgdf &&) hgf dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwx? pkl:yt gePsf], sltko dxflwj]zg k|ltlglw g} gePsf JolQmx?sf] x:tfIf/ ePsf], sltkosf] gfd ldNb}g, !@( hgfsf] x:tfIf/ sLt]{ u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] @)%& ;fndf kf]v/fdf ;DkGg bzf}+ dxflwj]zgdf efu lng] k|ltlglwx?sf] pkl:ylt Ps k|ltdf / lgjf{rgdf dtbfg ubf{ Ps k|ltdf x:tfIf/ ePsf] df}lns lnvt g]kfnL sf+u|];;Fu 5 eGg] ;d]tsf] lhsL/ ul/Psf] ;Gbe{df ljrf/ ubf{ afg]Zj/df ;DkGg dxflwj]zgdf pkl:yt dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwx? / ltgsf] olsg ;+Vofdf b'j} kIfsf] d'v gldnL ljjfb pTkGg ePaf6 ldlt @)%(÷#÷# b]lv % ut];Ddsf] pkl:ylt ;+Vof olsg ug{ o; ;DaGwL yk ;a't k|df0f a'em\g' kg]{ l:ylt b]lvPsf] 5 .

/fhgLlts ;+u7g jf bnsf] btf{ jf dfGotfsf] ;DaGwdf ;f] /fhg}lts ;+u7g jf bnsf kbflwsf/Lx? jf ;b:ox?sf] aLrdf ljjfb p7L k/:k/ lj/f]wfTds bfjL ul/Pdf s'g rflx+ ;d"xsf] bfjL cfof]usf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfGo x'g] eGg] s'/fsf] lg0f{o ug]{ ;Sg] / To:tf] lg0f{o ug'{ cl3 ;DalGwt kIfx?;Fu pgLx?sf] egfO / k|df0f a'em\g cfjZos b]lvPdf ;f] k]z ug{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg] k|fjwfg /x]sf] cj:yfdf cfof]uaf6 pgLx?sf] egfO a'lem;lsPsf] eP tfklg ;f] egfOaf6 ;d]t pk/f]Qm ;fGble{s ljljw ljifox?df cfof]u cem} ;Gt'i6 x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfnfO{ x[bo+ud ubf{ tL kIfx?af6 yk ;Da4 k|df0fx? a'emL lg0f{odf k'Ug ;dofefj /x]sf]n] oyfl:yltdf x]bf{ dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwx?sf] ljefhg ax';+Vofdf / cNk;+Vofsf] geO{ sl/a sl/a a/fa/s} ;+Vofdf ljefhg b]lvPaf6 kl5 lg0f{o ubf{ 7x/] adf]lhd x'g] u/L xfnnfO{ lgDg cg';f/ ug]{ u/L cfb]z lbOPsf] 5M

-s_ cfufdL @)%(÷&÷@& sf] cfd lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf nflu >L lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf ;efklt x'g' ePsf] g]kfnL sf+u|]; o; cfof]udf btf{ eO{ sfod /xL cfPsf] x'Fbf ;f]xL >L lul/hfk|;fb ;efklt ePsf] g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ dfGotf lbO{ lg/Gt/tf sfod /fVg]

v_ cfufdL @)%(÷&÷@& sf] cfd lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf nflu >L z]/axfb'/ b]pjf ;efklt ePsf] g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] 5'§} ;d"x hlgg] u/L o; cfof]unfO{ dfGo gfd / lgjf{rg lrGx of] cfb]z k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] & lbg leq dfu ug{ cfPdf btf{ u/L lgjf{rg lrGx k|bfg ug]{ .

lgjf{rg P]g x]¥of] ls cg'xf/

of] k6s lgjf{rg cfof]u slt xb;Ddsf] u}/ sfg'gL sfddf cf]ln{of] eGg] clxn] 5'§} rrf{sf] laifo ePsf] 5 . cfof]u ;+j}wflgs lgsfo xf] . t/ o;n] ug]{ s'g} klg sfdsf] lgwf{/0f sfg'gn] g} u/]sf] 5 . slt;Dd eg] lznjGbL ubf{ vfd l;pg rflxg] Pp6f l;of]sf] cfsf/ k|sf/sf] x'g'k5{ . lgjf{rg cfof]un] cfkm\gf] OR5fn] dfq Tof] l;of];Ddsf] ;fOh abNg kfpb}g . /fhgLlt bn btf{ ;DjGwdf klg To:t} lgod nfU5 . k|ltlglw;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg P]gsf] bkmf !^ df lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ x'g rfxg] /fhg}lts bnn] tf]lsPsf] ;doleq ljlw;Ddt tl/sfn] lgj]bs lbg'k5{ / To;df kf6L{ aGg rflxg] ;a} k|lqmof k"/f ePsf] x'g'k5{ eGg] pNn]v 5 . lgjf{rg cfof]un] of] P]g adf]lhd /fhkqdf ;"rgf hf/L u/]sf] ldlt g} tf]lsPsf] ;do xf] . /fhkqdf ;"rgf hf/L gu/L lbPsf] ;"rgfn] g} a}wflgstf kfpb}g . Pp6f lgjf{rg sfnsf nflu cfof]un] To:tf] ;"rgf Psk6s dfq hf/L ug{ kfpg] 5 . of] ;"rgf hf/L eP/ bn btf{ x'g clGtd Dofb c;f/ % ut];Ddsf] lyof] . of] lgjf{rg cfof]un] hf/L u/]sf] bn btf{ ;DjgwL #% lbg] Dofbsf] clGtd lbg xf] . To;a]nf k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] dxflwj]zg egL To;af6 5fg]sf] ;efkltsf x}l;otaf6 ToxL lbg lgj]bg lbg' ePsf] lyof] . Tof] lgj]bgdf pxfFn] s'g} 5'§} bn egL gfpF pNn]v ug'{ ePsf] 5}g . cfkm" g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;efklt egL ToxL x}l;otaf6 pxfFn] lgj]bg lbg' ePsf] cfof]udf clxn] klg /]s8{ 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] 5'§} ;d"x egL st} klg ghgfOPsf] jf dfu g} gul/Psf] cj:yfdf lgjf{rg cfof]un] ljgf dfusf] kf6L{ btf{ u/fpg] s'/f p7\b}g . lgj]bg g} gk/L To; dfly sf/jfxL rnfpg' eg]sf] slt xf:of:kb ljifo xf] eGg] cfkm}+ cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .

lgjf{rg cfof]un] & lbgsf] Dofb lbPsf] b]pjfnfO{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;efkltsf] x}l;otaf6 xf]Og . To:tf] 5gssf nflu 5'§} bn jf ;d"x egL bn btf{ u/L kfpF egL pxfFn] lgj]bg lbg'kg]{df To:tf] lgjf{rg lbOPsf] 5 . ca lbg] lgj]bg gofF kf6L{sf] nflu xf] Tof] gfp h];'s} /flvof];\ gofF kf6L{ btf{ x'g] clGtd ldlt ;lsPsf] 7Ls () lbg lalt;s]sf] 5 . klxnf] #% lbg] ;"rgf hf/L u/]kl5 s]xL 5'6k'6 ePsf] b]lvPdf cfof]un] To;}a]nf Ps8]9 xKtfsf] Dofb yKg ;SYof] xf]nf . Tof] ldlt klg # dlxgf u'lh|Pkl5 ;Dej x'Fb}g . b]pjfn] k|fKt ug'{ ePsf] & lbgsf] Dofb pxfFsf nflu dfq xf] eg] lgjf{rg cfof]un] tf]s]sf] ;do / gfpn] g} hgfpF5 . ‘cfof]un] cfd lgjf{rgsf] k|of]hgsf nflu >L z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] 5'§} ;d"x hlgg] u/L’ eGg] pNn]v 5 . 5'§} eGg] zAbn] gofF bn g} xf] eGg] cfof]u cfkm}+n] pNn]v u/]sf] lj1lKtn] g} atfO/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . @ s/f]8 #% nfv gful/s ePsf] b]zdf b]pjf Pshgfn] dfq o;/L Dofb u'lh|Psf] # dlxgf kl5 gofF kf6L{ btf{ ug]{ 5'6 lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ s'g P]g, lgod, sfg'gn] lbof] clxn] cfof]u dfly t]l;{Psf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] k|Zg g} oxL xf] . b]pjfn] To:tf] gofF kf6L{ vf]Ng] & lbgsf] Dofb s;/L kfpg' eof], pxfFn] kfP h:tf] oxL b]zsf cGo gful/sn] lsg gkfpg], b]pjf afx]s cGon] rfx]df Dofb u'lh|Pkl5 klg gofF kf6L{ vf]Ng kfpg] xsnfO{ b]zsf] k|rlnt s'g P]g lgod sfg'gn] afwf kfb{5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ lgjf{Rg cfof]un] hjfkm lbg} k5{ . gq tof] cfof]usf] sfg'gL x}l;ot olt ldltb]lv ;dfKt ePsf] cfof]un] ca pk|fGt ;Dkfbg gu]{ sfg'gL sfdx?sf] cf}lrTo /xFb}g . o;/L b]vfb]lv u}/ sfg'gL kIfkft / lgod sfg'g eGbf leGg ?kn] JolQmsf] cg's"ntf x]/]/ sfd ug]{ cfof]un] s:tf] lgikIf lgjf{rg u/fpFnf < lgjf{rgdf plqPsf kf6L{x?n] cfh}b]lv ;f]Rg' kg]{ ljifo ==xf]Og <

b]pjfsf] sfg'gL x}l;ot s:tf] <

olt w]/} sfg'gnfO{ pNn+3g u/]/ lgjf{rg cfof]un] Dofb u'lh|Psf] () lbgkl5 ljz]if ;x'lnot lbP/ k|rlnt ;a} sfg'gnfO{ Psflt/ kG5fP/ b]pjfnfO{ o:tf] u}/ sfg'gL cj;/ lbP klg b]pjf rflx+ ca g]kfnL sf+u|];af6 cfkm+} cnlUug' ePsf] 5 . cyf{t\ pxfF km]l/ Ps k6s bnljxLg k|wfgdGqL t aGg'eof] g} ;fy} lgjf{rg cfof]un] lbPsf] ;'ljwf pkef]u ubf{ pxfF cfkm}+ Tof] kf6L{af6 ljlwjt lgisf;gdf kg'{ x'g] ePsf] 5 . clxn] ;a}lt/ k|Zg p7]sf] 5 ca pxfFn] s] ug'{ xf]nf <

sfg'gljb\x? eG5g\ lgjf{rg cfof]usf] of] lg0f{o lj?4 cbfntdf hfg] jf lgjf{rg cfof]un] lbPsf] u}/ sfg'gL ?ksf] kf6L{ btf{ ug]{ ;do & lbg leq gofF kf6L{ btf{ ug{ lgjf{rg cfof]u hfg] . b]pjf cbfntdf hfg'eof] eg] pxfFn] lgjf{rg cfof]udf hfg kfpg' x'Gg . ;don] klg ;fy lb+b}g . lgjf{rg cfof]u hfg' eof] eg] cfof]usf] lg0f{onfO{ pxfF cfkm}+n] j}wflgstf lbPsf] 7x5{ / cbfntn] lgj]bg g} lnb}g . Pp6f JolQmn] Pp6} ljifodf st} :jfut / st} lj/f]w ug{ ldNb}g . t];|f] rflx+ b]pjfn] Psk6s o;f] ug'{ xf]nf cyf{t\ af6f] rflx+ gePsf] xf]Og, gx'g' kg]{ w]/} s'/f e}/x]sf a]nf o;f] rflx+ gxf]nf egL dfGg ;ls+b}g .

ut d+unaf/ cfof]un] lbPsf] & lbgsf] Dofb ;f]djf/ ;dfKt x'G5 . pxfFn] ;f]djf/ leq gofF kf6L{sf nflu lgj]bg btf{ ug'{eof] eg] To;} lbgb]lv pxfF g]kfnL sf+u|];af6 ljlwjt cnlug' ePsf] dfGg' kg]{ x'G5 . s'g} klg kf6L{sf] ;b:otf :jtM ;dfKt x'g] egL bn Tofu P]gdf ePsf] Joj:yf /fhLgfdf lbPdf, csf]{ bn btf{ u/]df / ;r]tssf] x\jLk pNn+3g u/]df ;DalGwt ;b:osf] pQm kf6L{sf] ;b:otf :jtM ;dfKt x'g] eGg] pNn]v 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|];af6 pxfFsf] ;b:otf :jtM ;dfKt ePkl5 lgjf{rg cfof]udf olt nfdf] ;do;Dd ljjfbdf /x]sf] cflwsfl/stf lgwf{/0fsf] xfn cGtl/d ?kn] ul/Psf] c:yfoL lg0f{osf] klg cy{ /xg] 5}g . b]pjfn] csf]{ bn vf]n]kl5 bfjLstf{ :jo+n] af6f] 5f8]sf] cfkm}+ k|i6 eP/ kl5 s'g} lg0f{o plN6g] cj:yf g} /xFb}g . o;/L b]pjfnfO{ ;xfg'e"lt lbP/ lgjf{rg cfof]un] u/]sf] Pp6f u}/–sfg'gL lg0f{o cfkm}+ lsgf/f nfUg] cj:yf h;/L lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 .

csf]{tkm{ lgjf{rg cfof]uaf6 b]pjfnfO{ dfq o:tf] ljz]if cj;/ lbPsf] ljifo lj?4 b]pjf gofF bn btf{ u/]s} lbg ;DejtM cbfntdf cGo JolQmx?n] kf6L{ vf]Ng jf btf{ u/fpg] df}lns xs s'l07t ePsf] egL lgjf{rg cfof]u lj?4 ;jf]{Rrdf l/6 kg]{5 . b]pjfn] gofF bn btf{ ug{ lgj]bg lbP To:tf] bn btf{ ul/g] 5 egL lgjf{rg cfof]un] o:tf] lgj]bg g} gk/L lg0f{o ;'gfO;s]sf] 5 . JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfp lnP/ To;n] lgj]bg lbof] eg] To;sf af/] d o:tf] lgj]bg u5'{ egL lgj]bg g} gk/L lg0f{o ;'gfOPsf] ljifo cfkm}+ klg sfg'gsf] v'nf / 7f8f] pNn+3g xf] . ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo afx]s s'g} klg o:tf Goflos / cw{Goflos lg0f{o ug]{ ;+:yfx?n] lgj]bg gk/L lg0f{o ;'gfpg ldNb}g . /fhkqdf ;"rgf hf/L gu/L lgjf{rg cfof]un] Pp6f JolQm ljz]ifnfO{ cf}NofP/ kf6L{ btf{ ug{ u/]sf] cfx\jfg klg cfkm} u}/–sfg'gL 5 . To;nfO{ lgjf{rg cfof]un] /fhkqdf ;"rgf hf/L u¥of] eg] klg ls t p;n] u/]sf] k"j{ lg0f{o ljk/Lt x'G5 ls JolQm ljz]ifnfO{ cf}+NofP/ To:tf] ;"rgf hf/L ug'{ kg]{5 . sy+sfn o:tf] JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfp pNn]v eP/ ;"rgf hf/L eof] eg] To:tf] ;"rgfsf lj?4 cbfntdf d'2f k/]sf] v08df s] x'G5 < oxfF klg Pp6f k|Zg g} plAhPsf] 5 . lgjf{rg cfof]un] To;/L JolQm ljz]ifsf] Pp6f kf6L{sf nflu dfq ;"rgf hf/L ug{ kfpg] sxL st} k|fjwfg 5}g . sfg'gL k|fjwfg g} gePsf] sfd ul/+bf Tof] slt Goflos 7xnf{ cfkm}+ cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . b]pjfnfO{ lgjf{rg cfof]un] gofF kf6L{sf] dfGotf lbof] eg] To:tf] dfGotfsf lj?4 klg d'2f kg{ ;Qm5 .

!#$ gSsnL

lgjf{rg cfof]un] z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] afg]Zj/ ljz]if e]nfdf pkl:yt ;+Vof s"n ;+Vofsf] cfwf cfwf ePsf] eGg] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . afg]Zj/ e]nfdf &&@ hgf pkl:yt ePsf] bfjL Tof] ;d"xn] u/]sf] lyof] . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ljwfg adf]lhd dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwx?sf] s"n ;+Vof !$^% /x]sf] 5 . of] ;+Vof x]bf{ ax'dt b]lvG5 . t/ sLt]{ x:tfIf/ ljb]zdf ePsfsf] klg pkl:yt u/fOPsf] / dxflwj]zg kl5 klg ;xL u/fOPsf cflb 5'6\ofpFbf ToxfFsf] s"n pkl:yt ;+Vof %#@ hgf dfq b]lvG5g\ . afg]Zj/ e]nfsf pkl:ylt / o;cl3 kf]v/f dxflwj]zgsf pkl:yt ;b:ox? Pp6} x'g\ . logsf x:tfIf/ cfof]un] hfFRg' k¥of] eg] kf]v/f dxflwj]zgdf ePsf] x:tfIf/ To;sf] cfwf/ xf] . kf]v/fdf sLt]{ ug'{ kg]{ cfjZos lyPg . b]pjf klg Tof] a]nf pDd]bjf/ x'g'x'GYof] . afg]Zj/df dfq pxfF :j3f]lift ;efklt x'g' ePsf] xf] . kf]v/f dxflwj]zgeGbf afg]Zj/df af/sf kf/ x:tfIf/ gldNg] JolQmx?sf gfp o:tf 5g\M

kbdaxfb'/ /fgf, lthljqmd dNn, ef]h/fh af]x/f, ltnsaxfb'/ /fO{, df]xgljqmd kGt, a'l4axfb'/ ;fksf]6f x'g'kg]{ ab|Laxfb'/ xf] . /fds'df/ /fO{, ;+lhjs'df/ >]i7, hLjgfy 9'+ufgf x'g'kg]{ lktfgfy 9'+ufgf xf] . eLdbQ kf08]o, aL/axfb'/ lji6, 1fg]Gb| kf}8]n / ^@, k|]daxfb'/ lji6 -b]z aflx/_, P]gaxfb'/ zfxL x'g'kg]{ sfsL{, anaxfb'/ zfxL, hos'df/L zfxL, /jLGb|/fh >]i7, s[i0fs'df/ aL=;L, tf/fb]jL a'9f, o1axfb'/ vqL -dgaxfb'/sf] x:tfIf/ vqL 5}g l;+x xf]_, g/axfb'/ k'g -g/axfb'/ k'g ;b:o 5}g_, s[i0fk|;fb cfrfo{, P]gaxfb'/ clwsf/L, Ondaxfb'/ zfxL, sN// l;+x, dx]Gb|axfb'/ zfxL, ljZj]Zj/ d08n -ljz]Zj/ xf]_, /fdzf]let d08n -/fdzf]let bfxf xf]_, af;'b]j zdf{, s[i0fk|;fb l;UWofn -l;Ub]n_, dx]Gb|/fh ltjf/L, s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n -kf}8]n 5}g uf}td_, d]/fhcxdb zfx -;}ob d]/fh cxdb x'g_, dfwj/fd vqL -dfwj/fh xf]_, s]zj/fh zdf{, 6]saxfb'/ a:g]t, dl0f/fd vqL, 9'l08/fh kGt -9'l08/fd kGt_, cf]dk|sfz kf08]o, 1fg]Gb| kf}8]n -k]h $ / @! df bf]xf]/f]_, lji0f'k|;fb kf}8]n, cg'ks'df/ ;f]N6L, b'uf{k|;fb cfrfo{ -ci6«]lnof uPsf] 5_, odnfn ltldlN;gf, /jLGb|gfy e§/fO{, cflbTo/fh 1jfnL, cAb'ndGgfg vfF -uGgfg_, g]qk|;fb a]Njf;], cAb'nd]Ob vfF, a|DxfgGb pkfWofo, cAb'n snfd, s]zs'df/ >]i7, /fdl;+x s'dL{, /fhf/fd yf?, vu]Gb|k|;fb ltjf/L, xf]dljqmd dNn, -l8NnL/fh zdf{ k]h *! / *@ df bf]xf]/f]_, wd{axfb'/ vqL -wd{axfb'/ If]qL_, lji0f'/fh lx/frg, sdf{l5l/ª u'?ª, em\ofDkf nfdf, ;fª\bf] nfdf, ltnf] u'?ª -ltnf] u'?ª 5}g, z+s/ u'?ª 5_, /fh 3n], ldg/fh u'?ª, /fh]Gb| >]i7, nIdLsfGt /]UdL, t'n;L lu/L, em'daxfb'/ u'?ª, cd[t nfdf -cd[ts'df/ nfdf xf]_, lji0f'k|;fb bfxfn, ;'/]z nfdf, bnaxfb'/ ef]nfg -Enf]g xf]_, clgns'df/ rf}w/L, /fh]Zj/k|;fb zfx -/fd]Zj/ xf]_, dx]Gb| l;+x, /fh]Gb|k|;fb ofbj, xl/z+s/ ofbj, hgfb{g l;+x, /fh]Gb|s'df/ s'dL{, /fdg/]z ofbj, /l;b cln, y'Kt]g tf]K;fª nfdf, lvngfy clwsf/L, /fdk|;fb clwsf/L, Zofd zfxL -Zofds[i0f v8\uL xf]_, ;fu/ vgfn, gjLg lrqsf/ -!$#, !$% bf]xf]/f]_, Zofd zfxL -!$#, !$% bf]xf]/f]_, cdf]b /fO{ -!$#, !$% bf]xf]/f]_, sdn lrqsf/ -!$#, !$% bf]xf]/f]_,rGb|axfb'/ -!$#, !$% bf]xf]/f]_, bf]h]{ l;ª\tfg, l/dgfy clwsf/L, u+ufk|;fb lu/L, ljZjgfy sf]O/fnf, lbg]z clwsf/L, zDe'k|;fb ;fx, t'n;f cfrfo{, /fh]Gb| d08n, bLkgf/fo0f dxtf], /fdnvg ;fx, j}Bgfy ofbj, kjgk|;fb l;+x, ljGb]Zj/k|;fb ;fx, u+uf ofbj -u+ufk|;fb ofbj_, pk]Gb| ofbj, /fdcf}tf/ ofbj, dw';'bg ofbj, tf/fsfGt ofbj, /fd;fu/ ;fx -/fd;fu/ l;+x xf]_, ;'lzns'df/ ofbj, OlGb/f clwsf/L, nId0f rf}w/L, dgaxfb'/ a:g]t, /+unfn tfdfª, ;/o'u ;/bf/, an/fd ;/bf/, d'l:nd ldofF, af]wgf/fo0f ofbj, hlnn cVt/ ldofF, ljBfk|;fb cfrfo{, e'jghLt lnDa', OlGb/f yfkf, uf]ljGb sfsL{, uf]kfns'df/ /fO{, uf]kfns'df/ a:g]t, l;tf kf}8]n .

cGt/+u

e/t sf]O/fnf

af;'b]j nfld5fg]

hGdM @* gf]e]Da/ !($&, sf7df8f}+ . lzIffM Pd=sd= @)@^, Pd=P= cy{zf:q @)@&, jL=Pn= tyf cd]l/sf / a]nfotaf6 PsfplG6ª tyf ah]6 Knflgªdf tflnd k|fKt . @)@* ;fndf nf]s;]jf cfof]u dfkm{t\ dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] ljefudf n]vf k/LIf0f clwsf/L lgo'Qm eO{ ToxL g} a9'jf x'Fb} ljlzi6 If]0fLsf] kb;Dd k'uL sl/a #) jif{ sfd u/L ;s]kl5 clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u cfo'Qm, cf]zf] k|lti7fg g]kfnsf] cWoIf tyf cfTd ljsf; k|lti7fg h:tf cfWoflTds ;+:yf;Fu lgs6td\ ?kdf cfj4 /xg' ePsf nfld5fg];Fusf] cGt/+u–

á Pp6f ;fwf/0f clkm;/sf] kbdf lgo'Qm eO{ s;/L ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kb;Dd k'Ug ;kmn x'g'eof] <

– Toltv]/ nf]=;]=cf= dfkm{t $@ hgfn] k/LIff lb+bf d ;j{k|yd ePsf] lyPF . klxnf] s'/f t d}n] PsfplG6ª tyf ah]6 Knflgª ljifodf cd]l/sf / a]nfotaf6 tflnd k|fKt u/]sf] lyP . gf]s/Lsf aLrdf @)#* b]lv @)$) ;Dd labf lnP/ o'gfO6]8 g]zgdf o'=Pg=eL= Knfg cGtu{t Go'lhNof08df cfly{s OGe]li6u]l6ª PsfpG6]G6 eP/ sfd ubf{ w]/} cg'ej k|fKt u/] . cfly{s If]qdf la|l6z l;i6]d ePsf] Go'lhNof08sf] 6«]h/L l8kf6{d]G6 -xfd|f] cy{ dGqfno h:tf]_ df sfd u/]/ 7"nf] cg'ej k|fKt u/L cfP/ sfd ub}{ hfFbf d]/f] of]Uotf, Ifdtf / sfo{bIftfdf a[l4 eP5 Sof/ Û / d a9'jf x'Fb} dflyNnf] tx;Dd k'Ug ;kmn ePF .

á n]vf k/LIf0f h:tf] cfly{s ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ljefudf sfd ug]{ dfG5] tkfO{+ s;/L cfWoflTds ljifotkm{ pGd'v x'g'eof] <

– ljBfyL{ hLjgdf wd{ / cfWofTdf ljZjf; ug]{ JolQmTj t d lyOg . t/ d]/f] ;f]rfO{ lyof]– dfgjtfsf] Jojxf/ g} wd{ xf] . dfgj eP/ afFRg' k5{ / c?nfO{ klg dfgj eP/ afFRg lbg' k5{ . cgfof; g} egf}+ @)#@÷)## ;fnlt/ d}n] eujfg /hgLzsf] af/]df rrf{ ;'g]+ . d Ps cfkmGtsxfF Ps k6s uPsf avt pxfFsf] af/]df clns la:t[t ?kdf hfGg] df}sf kfPF . clg d}n] s]xL lstfa nuL k9\g yfn]+ . tL lstfa k9]kl5 r}+ cem k|efljt x'g uO{ hLjgsf] jf:tljstf yfxf kfpg yfn]+ . hLjgsf] ;Gt'ngdf r}+ oxL sd ;To xf],– oxL dfq} oyfy{ xf] eGg] nfUof] .

á eujfg /hgLz;Fu e]6 klg ug'{eof] ls <

– pxfFsf ;flxTo bz{gaf6 k|efljt ePkl5 !(&* df pxfFsf] bz{g ug{ k'gf uPF . pxfF;Fu e]6 eof] . Toltv]/ pxfFn] gj ;Gof; ;'? ug{' ePsf] /x]5 . z+s/frfo{x?n] Toltv]/ k|ltkfbg ug'{ ePsf] h'g ;Gof; lyof]– Tof] ;Gof; r}+ hLjgaf6 efUg} kg]{ lyof] . /hgLzn] eGg'eof]– hf] JolQm 3/ ;+;f/ 5f]8]/ ;Gof; lnP/ efU5– Tof] euf}8] ;Gof; xf] / Tof] ;dodf of] ;'xfpFYof] xf]nf . t/ clxn]sf] ;dodf Tof] euf}8] ;Gof;Lsf] sfd 5}g . clxn]sf] ;Gof; eg]sf] cfkm\gf] d]xgt cfkm}+ u/]/, cfkm}+ sdfO{ u/L vfP/ a:g ;Sg] dfG5] ;Gof; xf] . of] s'/f Pp6f Sofn]08/ klg x'g ;S5 . ;dfhn] eGg] eof]– x]/ t cfkm"nfO{ ;Gof;L eG5 t/ cfkm}+ sfd u/]/ vfg] u5{ . t/ of] g} c;nL ;Gof; xf] .

á cfWoflTds If]qdf nfu]sf] / gnfu]sf] JolQmaLrsf] cGt/k|lt tkfO{+sf] ;f]rfO{ s] 5 <

– of] kl/j]zdf km/s r}+ s]xL klg 5}g . of] dflg;sf] r]tgfsf] dfdnf dfq} xf] . aflx/af6 s'g} JolQmdf klg cGt/ kfpg ;ls+b}g . d}n] klg cfkm\gf] s'/f gatfPsf] eP d leqsf] Aofsu|fp08 tkfO{+x?nfO{ klg x'Fb}gYof] xf]nf . of] s'/f s:tf] eg] cfWoflTds ljsf; r}+ k"0f{tofM of] cfGtl/s dfdnf xf] . of] cfTdf;Fu ;DalGwt s'/f xf] . dfgj r]tgfsf] ljsf; ;Fu;+u} cfpFbf]/x]5 . Ps hgf klZrdL ly+s/ cj|fxd df:nf]n] r]tgfsf ;ftj6f :t/ atfpg' ePsf] 5 . h; cg';f/ ;aeGbf tNnf]:t/df ef}lts, zf/Ll/s cfjZostfx? h:tf] ls ef]sf] JolQmnfO{ klxnf] cfjZostf vfgf xf]– Tof] e]§fP kl5 dflyNnf] cfjZostf x]g{ yfN5 . t];|f] rf}yf] x'Fb} ef]sf] k]6 eg]{ Joj:yf ePkl5 ca clns OHhtbf/ sfd ug{ kfP x'GYof] eGg yfN5 . ef}lts cfjZostf hlt a9fP klg o;sf] lnld6 x'Fb}g . jf:tjdf wgs} vf]hL klg clGtd;Dddf uP/ Tof] k/dfTdfs} vf]hL x'g ;S5 t/ xfdLnfO{ yfxf x'Fb}g vf]hL r}+ xfd|f] eO/x]sf] x'G5– r]tgfsf] vf]hL r}+ o;/L eO/x]sf] x'G5 . d oL ;a sf/0fn] dflg;df d s'g} cGt/ b]lVbg . d eGbf w]/} ;kmn dfG5] of] ;dfhdf 5g\ t/ d pgLx?;Fu slxNo} t'ngfTds ?kn] x]lb{g .

á csf]{ ;+:yf cfTdljsf; k|lti7fgdf nfu]/ r} s] kfpg' eof] <

– hLjgdf cfWoflTds dfq} eof] eg] cw'/f] x'G5 / ef}lts ljsf; dfq} eof] eg] klg cw'/f] x'G5 . ef}lts ljsf;n] aflx/L hLjg t ;'Gb/ agfpF5 t/ vfP/ lkP/, df]h u/] klg leq leq vfnLkg c;Gt'i6L dx;'; x'G5 . To;}u/L cfWoflTds dfq} lrGtg eof] eg] dgleq t zflGt x'G5 t/ aflx/ dfG5] b'MvL hLjg dfkg– e/k]6 vfg gkfpg], kl/jf/ kfNg g;Sg] eP/ hfG5 . To;f] x'Fbf of] cfTd ljsf; k|lti7fgdf r}+ xfdL s] u5f}+ eg] oL b'j} lrh ef}lts / cfWoflTds ljsf;sf] ;Gt'ng sfod ug]{ sfd u5f}{ .

á sl/a tL; jif{ dxfn]vf h:tf] cfly{s If]qdf sfd u/]sf] JolQm clVtof/sf] cfo'Qm s;/L x'g k'Ug' eof] <

– d]/f] If]q n]vf k|zf;g, n]vf k/LIf0f, ah]6 ;DaGwL sfd lyof] . d}n] ;'?b]lv oxL sfd u/]sfn] d]/f] Ps]8]lds / sfdsf] cg'ej klg oxL xf] . ToxL sf/0fn] xf]nf clVtof/sf] agf}6sf ;a} k|sf/sf lj1 /fVg] qmddf n]vf kIfsf] Ps lj1 ePsf] sf/0fn] d k/]5' eGg] a'em]sf] 5' .

á clxn];Dd hlt sfd ug{ ;Sg'eof], To;af6 ;Gt'i6 x'g'x'G5 <

– d t ljNs'n} ;Gt'i6 5' . t/ ;Gt'i6Lsf] dtna of] xf]Og ls hlt ug{ ;lsG5–;lsGYof], Tolt hDd} ug{ ;Sof 5' eGg]df r} d ;Gt'i6 5'Og .

á clVtof/sf] sfdk|lt tkfO{+sf] wf/0ff <

– clVtof/ klxnf lgjf/0f cfof]u lyof], clxn] cg';GwfgfTds dfq x'g k'u]sf] 5 . xfd|f] sfd vf; u/]/ tLgj6f 5g\ . klxnf sfd xf] cg';Gwfg, of] cg';Gwfgleq Goflos s'/f w]/} g} k/L cfpF5 . sfg'g r} d]?b08 g} xf] / Tof] kl5 n]vf, k|fljlws ;DaGw ;a} s'/f ufFl;P/ cfpF5 . of] Pp6f cg';Gwfgsf] If]q kl5 bf];|f] If]q cleof]hg kIf . sltko b]zdf clVtof/n] cg';Gwfg dfq} u/]/ P6gL{ hg/nnfO{ lhDdf nufpg] rng /x]5 . t/ xfdL sxfF r}+ xfdL cg';Gwfgsf ;fy} cleof]hg klg u5f}+ / t];|f] sfd' PDa'8\;Dofgsf] cyf{t slx+ s]xL ;fj{hlgs gf]S;fgL x'g nfUof] jf eof] cyjf slx| s]xL sfd unt af6f]lt/ nfu] eg] To;nfO{ ;f]em\ofP/ ;xL af6f]df Nofpg] sfd, slx+ s;}n] Gofo kfPg eg] x]l/lbg] cflb sfd /x]5g\ . d]/f] k"/} Sofl/o/sf] sfd eg]sf] oxfF leq s'g} klg s]zdf cfly{s If]q t ufFl;xfN5, To;/L ufFl;g] ljlQs} d]/f] lhDd]jf/L cfOxfN5 .

Má clxn] clVtof/ Pp6f xfpu'hLsf] ?kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 o:tf] 7"nf] 7fpFdf k'Ug] sNkgf ug'{ ePsf] lyof] <

– d}n] ;f]r]sf] lyOg . lsgeg] cfkm"n] kl/sNkgf gu/]sf s'/fx? Tof] lehgdf cfpFbf] /x]g5 . ha cfkm"n] b]Vb} uPkl5 dfq cfpg] /x]5 . ha d}n] gf]s/Lsf] Sofl/o/ ;'? u/]+ Toltv]/ d sxfF k'U5' eGg] ;f]rfO{ eGbf klg d Ps ;kmn sd{rf/L eP/ lg:sG5' eGg] ;f]r lyof] . d hxfF k'Ug ;s]+, To;df d ;Gt'i6L 5' .

á clVtof/sf] xfn}sf] sf08df /fh:jsf tL @@ hgf sd{rf/Lx?, s] xfdL dfq} e|i6frf/L < xfdLeGbf bzf}+ u'0ff a9L e|i6frf/LnfO{ r}+ lsg s]xL ul/b}g egL clVtof/ k|lt u'gf;f] u/]sf] s'/f aflx/ cfO/x]sf] 5 lg < s] ca olts} ;Lldt xf] ls <

– xfdLx?sf] sfo{ If]q Hofb} g} 7"nf] 5 . /fh:j, ljsf; ;DaGwL vr{sf If]qx? tyf kb b'?kof]u x'g] If]qx? xfd|f] sfo{ If]qleq kb{5 . xfdL a8f] ;hutfsf;fy sfd ug]{ kIfdf 5f}+ . s'g} Pp6f /fh:j If]q dfq} of Tf] /fh:j If]qsf klg tL @@ hgf JolQm dfq} xfd|f] nIo xf]Og w]/} 5g\ . t/ km]l/ w]/} 5g\ egL oL @@ dfq lsg eGg] k|Zg cfpF5 . o; s'/fdf s] eGg ;lsG5 eg] s;/L hfg] t < slx+ g slx+ uP/ cfO;a|]s t ug]{ k¥of] xf]Og / < /fh:j afx]s csf]{ dGqfnoaf6 ;'? u/]sf] eP cfh Tof] dGqfnodf dfq} ;Lldt lsg egL k|Zg ug]{ ;lsGYof] . xfd|f] ;"rgfsf] ;|f]tsf] ;Ifdtf, sd{rf/L tyf xfd|f] ljj]s k|of]usf] ;Ifdtf ;a} rLhsf] k|ltkmnsf] ?kdf xfd|f] sf/jfxL x'g' kb{5 . To;f] x'Fbf xfd|f] ;f] /fh:j dfq} klg nIo xf]Og cyjf ;/sf/df a;]sfx?dflysf] dfq} klg nIo geO{ ;a} If]qsf] ;fd"lxs ?kdf d"Nof+sg u/]/ xfdL cl3 a9\5f}+ . of] xfd|f] sfd /f]lsg] eGg] s'/} cfpFb}g . lsgeg] ;+lawfgn] lbPsf] xfd|f] sfdsf] k|d'v Pl/of g} of] ePsfn] lglZrt ?kdf o:tf sfd c? cl3 a9\b} hfg]5g\ .

á @@ sd{rf/L kqmfp k/]sf] 36gfn] cGo sf/jfxLdf gk/]sf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ zts{ x'g] df}sf kfP elgG5 lg <

– Psrf]6L hfg] ljlQs} Tof]af6 c?n] kf7 l;S5g\– ul/xfN5g\ lg eGg] ;f]rfO{ /fVg' :jefljs xf] . t/ xfd|f] ToxL Pp6f dfq} 8'A; x'Fb}g . xfdL;Fu c? k|ljlwx?, c? lsl;dsf clen]vx? xf]nfg\ . xfdL slx+ g slx+af6 3'dfP/ ltgLx?nfO{ NofpF5f}+– NofpF5f}+ . Gofosf] xft nfdf] x'G5 eGg] em}+ xfd|f] xftaf6 pDsg ;ls+b}g– To;sf nflu ;do nfUnf, t/ xfdL To;nfO{ vf]h]/ NofO{ Tof] Gofosf] 3]/fleq xfdL kf5f}{– To;} 5'6\g r}+ ;Sb}g . To;/L 5'6\g] x'g\ ls eGg] ?kdf hfg] xf] eg] ljsNksf] ?kdfdfg} lncf}+ oxfF Ps xhf/ e|i6frf/L ePsf] 7x/ eof] /], tL ;a}df Ps}rf]6L hfg} ;ls+b}g lg < of] clxn]sf] 36gf klg o:t} xf] . /fh:jsf] 7fpFdf ko{6gaf6 ;'? u/]sf] eP ko{6g dfq} lsg eGg] k|Zg clxn] h:t} cfpg] lyof] . xfdLn] slx+ g slx+af6 t ;'? ug}{ kYof]{ lg <

á tkfO{+x? h:tf ;+j}wflgs lgsfodf /x]sf JolQmx? e|i6frf/L ePsf] 7x/ eP/ tkfO{+x?nfO{ r}+ s;n] sf/jfxL ug]{ lg <

– xfdLn] jt{dfg P]gsf] ;+zf]wg ubf{ clVtof/s} cfo'Qmx? jf cGo ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf JolQmx?n] e|i6frf/ u/]df ltgLx?nfO{ klg clVtof/sf] sfg'gL bfo/fleq kfl/of];\ egL p7fPsf lyof}+ . lgisif{ s] cfof] eg] kbdf /x'~h]n sf/jfxL ug{ gldNg] /x]5 eg] klg e|i6frf/af6 pGd'lQm s;}n] kfpg' x'Fb}g . ;+ljwfgsf cGoq Joj:yf ePsf ;+j}wflgs lgo'lQm kfPsf JolQmx? afx]snfO{ dfq} clVtof/n] sf/jfxL ug{ ;S5 . ca ;+ljwfgd} xfdL h:tf lgo'lQm kfpg] s;}n] v/fa cfr/0f u/] of kb cg';f/ sfd ug{ ;s]g eg] To;nfO{ of] of] k|lqmofaf6 x6fpg] eGg] Joj:yf 5 . ca v/fa cfr/0fsf] s] cy{ eof] eg] Tof] v/fa cfr/0f leq e|i6frf/ klg kb{5 . e|i6 cfr/0f eg] s} v/fa cfr/0f dflgG5 . xfnsf] sfg'gL Joj:yfdf k|f]lelhg s] 5 eg] xfd|f] clxn]sf] P]g cg';f/ clVtof/sf] b'?kof]udf sf/jfxL ug}{ g;lsg] cj:yf ePdf kbaf6 x6\g] ljlQs} Tof] dfly clVtof/af6 sf/jfxL ;'? ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g . o;f] x'Fbf xfdL g} klg Tof] k|fjwfgeGbf aflx/ kg{ ;Sb}gf}+ .

dgsf] ufF7f]

rL/ k'/ftg lgTo gjLg

k|sfzs'df/ e§/fO{

dflg; r]tgzLn k|f0fL ePsf]n] cfkm"nfO{ ‘d g} ;a} x'F’ eg]/ uj{ ug]{ u5{ . p;n] o;/L uj{ ug'{sf] s'g} t's 5}g . dflg;n] o;f] 7fg]/ cxd\ ug'{ eg]sf] ;aeGbf xf]rf] dfG5]n] ‘xfO{lxn’ nufP/ pleP h:t} xf] . ;do r} ;a}sf] lktf ePsf]n] p;n] u/fpg] psfnL–cf]/fnLdf cfkm"n] s]xL ug{ g;s]sf] efg x'G5 . t/ sf]xL cfkm\g} zlQm, ;fdYo{ / k|ltefsf sf/0f o; hLjgdf s]xL gofF / df}lns sfo{x? ug{ ;s]sf] ljz]if ;Gt'i6L lnP/ a;]sf klg 5g\ . x'g klg xf]– cfkm\gf] ;dodf s'g} ljz]if cg'e"lt lng g;Sbf afFRg'sf] cy{ klg /xGg . jf:tjdf xfdLn] h] o;nfO{ b]lv/x]sf 5f}+, h] a'lem/x]sf 5f}+ / al9/x]sf 5f}+ . jf:tjdf of] ‘Tof]’ xf]Og . jf:tljstfdf cs}{ 5 . xfdL ;f]Rbf /x]5f}+ hLjgdf df}lns s'/fx? 5g\ t/ To;f] gx'Fbf] /x]5– lsgls xfdLn] gofF s'/f cyf{t\ gePsf]af6 s]xL agfpg ;Sb}gf}+ /x]5 . ;a} s'/f klxn]b]lv g} ePsf / /x]sf x'Fbf /x]5g\– cyf{t\ ærL/ k'/ftg lgTo gjLgÆ l;4fGt nfu" x'Fbf]/x]5 . o;sf/0f xfdLn] kl/ro lbPkl5 tL tof/L a:t'x? cl:tTjdf cfpF5g\ . clg xfdLnfO{ nfU5 tL a:t'x? ljNs'n} gofF x'g\ .

k|sf/fGt/?kdf xfdL cfkm" h'g sfd u5f}{+, eG5f}+ cfkm}+ eO/x]sf] x'G5 . xfdLn] u/f}+ eGbf ul/g] / gu/f}+ eGbf gul/g] xf]Og . k"jf{wf/x? klxNo} g} tof/L eO/x]s} x'G5 . kl/j]z jftfj/0f aGb} cfPsf] x'G5 . hLjgsf nflu of] wtL{ Ps 7"nf] cg';Gwfg s]Gb| xf] . hxfF cfjZos tTj klxn] g} ;+u|lxt 5g\ . ctM xfd|f] jzdf s]xL s'/f 5}g . cfkm" kfq ePsf] s'/f dx;'; ug'{ k5{ . To;sf/0f cfkm" ;+nUg ePsf sd{af6 lg:jfy{ / lg:k[x /xg ;Sg'k5{ .

x'g klg zf:qdf g}+ eg]sf] 5 æk"j{hGo s[tsd{ tb\b}j ldlt pRot]Æ klxn] u/]sf sd{x?n] b}jsf ?kdf eljiodf kmn lbG5g\ . uLtfn] klg eg]s} 5— æuxgf sd{0f]ultÆ– sd{sf] ult uxg 5 . æb}jf] ljlrqfultÆ b}jsf] ult g} ljlrqsf] 5 . oL s'/fx? k"/f sf]/f efUojfbL k'/ftgkGyL sygdfq} xf]Ogg\ . cWoog / cg'ejsf lgrf]8 x'g\ . ;[li6rqm 3'Dbf o:t} ePsf] x'G5 . sflnbf;n] /3'j+z gfdsf dxfsfJodf /3'j+zsf] k[i7e"lddf o;/L g} ljr/0f u/]sf] j[tfGt 5 . jfns[i0f ;dn] klg cfkm\gf] k|l;4 /rgf s[lt ælgof{dt cfsl:dstfÆdf klg l;nl;n]jf/sf s'/fx?sf] oyfy{ j0f{g 5 .

– k'/fgf]afg]Zj/, sf7df8f}+

clVtof/ cem} ;lqmo x'g'k5{

uLtf bfxfn …cs]nLÚ

uPsf] dlxgf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] s]xL gd"gf e|i6frf/Lx?nfO{ ;DklQ ljj/0f ;lxt hgtf ;fd' NofP/ rlst agfof] . slt;Dd e|i6frf/ u/]/ /fh:j 7uL ;DklQ sdfP/ df]h u/]sf /x]5g\ eGg] ;a}nfO{ cjut u/fof], clVtof/n] . clVtof/sf] of] sbdnfO{ ;a}n] plrt 7x¥ofPsf 5g\ . e|i6frf/Lx?sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;DklQ hkmt u/L 3/–3/df tfNrf df/]/ h]n rnfg ul/P tL e|i6frf/Lx? . csf]{lt/ afFsL s/, eG;f/ cflb cfDbfgLsf nflu kl/lrt sfof{nox?df /x]sf sd{rf/Lx? 8/n] sfDg nfu]sf 5g\ . st}, clVtof/sf] sf/jfxLdf cfkm\gf] klg gfd kg]{ xf] ls eGg] z+sfn] .

;j{;fwf/0fb]lv pRr kbflwsf/L;DdnfO{ clVtof/n] rfn]sf] sbd Psbd} ;xL nfu]sf] 5 . t/ g]kfndf ePsf k|d'v e|i6frf/Lx? cfh;Dd clVtof/n] ;dft]sf] 5}g . s] d'n'sdf e|i6frf/Lx? olt dfq x'g\ t < s] logLx?;Fu dfq 5g\ t e|i6frf/ u/L sdfPsf] ;DklQ < oL JolQmx?nfO{ ;dft]/ sf/jfxL ubf{ dfq g]kfndf e|i6frf/sf] cGTo x'G5 <

e|i6frf/ ljZjsf] Ps hl6n ;d:of xf] . o;sf] /f]syfd ug'{ jf lgd'{n kfg{ ;Sg' t Ps r'gf}tL klg xf] . g]kfndf emg} e|i6frf/af6 s'g} sfof{no, z}lIfs ;+3–;+:yfx?b]lv ;–;fgf km'6kfy] sfof{nox? klg c5'tf] 5}gg\ . tNnf] txdf b'Mv gu/L sdfPsf] ;DklQdf df]h ug]{ ;kgf 5Fb}5 . clVtof/n] ;Dk"0f{ hgtfnfO{ ;dfg Jojxf/ ug{ / ;dfg :t/df /fVg rfn]sf] sbd Ps b'O{ 7fpFdf dfq ;Lldt gu/]/ e|i6frf/ x'g] cGo ;+:yfx?, ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ sfof{nox?df clVtof/n] cfFVff k'¥ofpg} k5{ . clVtof/n] of] klg ;Demg cfjZos 5 ls e|i6frf/ gePsf] 7fpF, sfof{no, ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjsf ;+3 ;+:yf, z}lIfs ;+:yf nufot ;fdfGo sfof{no klg 5}g . o;/L e|i6frf/sf] cGTo ug{sf] nflu k/]sf] clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u cem ;lqmo ?kdf lqmofzLn xf];\ .

– ?Dhf6f/–^, cf]vn9'+uf

clVtof/sfn] rflx+ ;DklQ b]vfpg' kb}{g <

an/fd e§/fO{

e|i6frf/, slzgvf]/n] b]znfO{ cfqmfGt kfl//x]s} cj:yfdf s]xL e|i6frf/Lx? dfly clVtof/ b'?kof]u cfof]u / ;DklQ 5fglag cfof]uaf6 ;'?jft ul/Psf sbdsf] ;j]{If0faf6 :jfut / ;/fx|gLo ug}{k5{ . ePsf] klg 5 . lj/f]w / ljkIfdf s;} st}af6 klg cfpg] s'/f xf]Og . olb cfpF5 eg] ltg} e|i6frf/L, sldzgvf]/L / t:s/Lx?af6} cfpFnf . clVtof/ b'?kof]u cfof]usf k|d'v cfo'Qm / cGo cfo'Qm / ;DklQ 5fglag cfof]u cfo'Qmx?sf] gf]s/L k|j]z ubf{sf] cl3Nnf] lbg;Ddsf] / xfnsf] rn crn ;DklQ ;fj{hlgs x'g'kg]{, gkg]{ s] xf] < cfkm" cfª\sf] e};L x]g{ g;Sg] c?sf] cfªsf] h'd|f] b]Vg] lbJo rIf' cfo'Qmx?nfO{ s;n] k|bfg u¥of] < clVtof/sf Ps hgf cfo'Qm lhNnf GofofwLz jxfn 5Fbf @)$* ;fndf sfnf];"rLdf k/L gf]s/Laf6 jvf{:t JolQm x'g\ . s;n] s';kfgL 5/L rf]VofO{ clVtof/ b'?kof]u h:tf] ul/dfdo :yfgdf k'¥ofof] < hfFra'emsf] l;nl;nfdf /fhg}lts k"jf{u|xL gagL :jR5 lgikIf efjgf lnO{ hfFra'em ePdf cjZo klg rflnPsf] sbd :jfut of]Uo x'g]5 . @)$& ;fnb]lv cfh @)%( ;fn;Dd cfpFbf k|wfgdGqL, pkk|wfgdGqL, cGo dGqL, ;f+;b / cGo w]/} JolQmn] cfly{s nfesf kb wf/0f u/]sf 5g\ . sf+u|];, Pdfn], dfn], /fk|kf, ;b\efjgfn] cg]sf}+ kb ;Dxfn]sf 5g\ . e|i6frf/ gu/]sf] / gePsf] egL sf]xL rf]vf lyPgg\ / 5}gg\ . dfn]–Pdfn]sf u[xdGqL ;'/f ;'Gb/L, ;f+;b vl/b ljqmL, o:tf s's[To ;d]t eP tL ;anfO{ cf]em]ndf /fvL s]jn Ps JolQm kl/jf/nfO{ /fhg}lts k"jf{u|xL agL rl/q xTofsf] cfef; lbO{ xdnf ePsf] eGg] s'/fx? klg 5fkfdf cfO/x]sf] 5 . Pdfn]sf ;/sf/sf u[xdGqL / dfn]sf pkk|wfgdGqL Pj+ u[xdGqLx?nfO{ ;d]t ;'g t:s/L sf08sf] cf/f]k gnfu]sf] xf]Og .

– lj/f6gu/

sfo{stf{sf] cfTdf /f]Psf] 5

8's'n/fh l3ld/]

unt dflg;sf] xftaf6 ;+rfng ePdf b]zsf] o:tf] eofjx l:ylt x'G5 eGg] s'/f clxn] k|i6 b]lvPsf] 5 . lsgeg] clxn] olt a]nf r'gfjdf hfg' kg]{ sf/0f s] 5 < o;sf] pQ/ lbg] Ps dfq JolQm x'g'x'G5– z]/axfb'/ b]pjf . pxfF eGg'x'G5– zflGt /f]Hg] ls cft+s . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] gfd ehfP/ dgk/L tGq ug]{ h:t} sfo{stf{ e]nfsf] gfddf cfkm\g} cu|h g]tfx?nfO{ ;To ;/fk ug{df d'n'ssf] 9's'6Laf6 e/df/ /sd vr{ ub}{ lx+8\g' slt plrt 5 < lszg'hLh:tf cfb/0fLo g]tf sxfF n'Sg' eof] . lul/hfafa' lsz'ghL;Fu z]/axfb'/hLsf] prfO{sf] t'ngf ug{ ldN5 < kf6L{ kmf]g{ p2t x'g] JolQmnfO{ ;fy lbg] Ifl0fs :jfy{df clNemg] JolQmx? dfq x'g\ . :jfy{ k"/f ePkl5 l;gf]nfO{ plkofFn] 5f8] e}m+ 5f8\g] 5g\ . Psflt/ :yfgLo lgjf{rg e} ;Sg] a]nf eof] eg] csf]{tkm{ cfjZos k/] Ps jif{ ;+;bLo lgjf{rgsf] cjlw a9fpg ;lsg] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf x'Fbfx'Fb} c9fO{ jif{ cjlweGbf cufl8 g} cgfjZos k|wfgdGqLo k4lt / clwsf/ eg]/ k|ltlglw;ef lj36g ug'{ / s:tf] afWotf lyof] / < csf]{ tkm{ cj}wflgs tl/sfaf6 kf6L{ kmf]g]{ b':k|of; e} /xFbf lg:jfy{ kf6L{df sfd ug]{ sfo{stf{sf] slt cfTdf /f]Psf] xf]nf <

– g]kfn 6«]8 o'lgog sf+u|];, kfNkf

a:Yof};Fu} h]ndf

afdb]j kl08t

g]sfsf k|lt jh|kft o;/L xf]nf egL sNkgf
uYof]{ s] dgn] tyflk b'O{6f kf6L{ eP :yfkgf
;fFrf] eGb5' nf]stGq kysf] ofqL d x'F xb{d
af6f]df klx/f] uof] lj/xn] v'l:sG5 ls of] bd .

sf6]Yof}{ clt si6 b]z lxtdf a:Yof}+;Fu} h]ndf
yf]/} x}g k|z:t jif{ o;/L v'§f lyP g]ndf
ef]usf lbg lal;{of}+ lzj x/] sf+u|];sf lbUuh
ldNg} k5{ ckLn ub{5' cem} sf]/]/ of] sfuh .

efO xf} 3/sf b'O{lt/ ltdL 9f]sf u/L a:t5f}+
b]V5f}+ 3f]/ ljhf]s of] ca s7} v} s] pef] r9\b5f}+
tLtf] of] s6';To ofb u/ x} rf]vf] agfO{ dg
kfNg} k5{ 3d08 ;k{ ;l/ xf] sfnf] s8f uf]dg .

kf}r]sf hn of]u3f6 lt/df kmls{G5 /f]uL 3/
b]V5f}+ of] g/ nf]sdf To;/L g} sf+u|];sf d]Da/
kms{G5f}+ lsg ljzfn Ps 3/df xfd|f] 5 ?~r] :j/
g]tfsf] dlt ;'lw|of];\ ca x} laGtL 5 x] O{Zj/ .

kl/qmdf
cyftf] hnfg lh1f;f

k|f=df]xg/fh zdf{

nf6f];fyL g]kfnL xf:oJoª\Uosf] cvf8fdf bzsf}+b]lv s'zn dNno'4 ub}{ cfPsf ;fws x'g\ . ;d / ljifd b'a} kl/l:yltdf cl8u snd rnfP/ pgn] cfkm\gf] >]i7tf / jl/i7tf k|dfl0ft ul/;s]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL xf:oJoª\Uosf] v8]/Lu|:t kmfF6nfO{ d?e"lds/0faf6 hf]ufpg pgn] h] hlt l;h{gf k|of; u/]sf 5g\ Tof] cToGt ;/fx|gLo / aGbgLo 5 . pgn] xf:oJoª\Uodfkm{t\ g]kfnL ;flxTonfO{ ;''Gb/, ;fy{s / k7gLo /rgf sf];]nL lbPsf 5g\ eGg] s'/fdf s'g} zª\sf 5}g .

o; s'/fsf] Pp6f k|ToIf ;fIo ‘cyftf] hnfg lh1f;f’ gfds k|:t't s[lt g} xf] . #! j6f xf:oJoª\Uo lgaGwx?sf] of] ;Fufnf] nf6f];fyLsf ljlzi6 /rgfwld{tfsf] HjnGt kl/rfos eP/ em'Ns]sf] 5 .

o;df ;ª\slnt lgaGwx?df pgn] ;d;fdlos hLjgsf dfld{s oyfy{sf] dfq pb\3f6g u/]sf 5}gg\, ltgsf] k|efjzfnL ;Dk|]if0f klg u/]sf 5g\ . nf6f];fyLsf] efj lgj]bg ug]{ 9k cfkm\g} k|sf/sf] cyf{t\ df}lns 5 .

xf:o / Joª\Uo b'O{j6f ljlzi6 ;flxlTos k|efjx? x'g\ . xf:odf pkxf;sf] k|wfgtf /xG5 eg] Joª\Uodf s6fIfsf] k|wfgtf /xG5 . pkxf;sf] pkl:yltn] xf:onfO{ dgf]/~hgtkm{ a9L 9Nsfpg] sfd u/] em}+ s6fIfsf] pkl:yltn] Joª\UonfO{ uDeL/tftkm{ a9L 9Nsfpg] sfd u5{ . o;/L oL b'a}n] b'O{ leGg k|efj pTkGg u/] tfklg b'a}sf] nIo rflxF Pp6} 5 . xf:on] pkxf;sf dfWodaf6 dfgjLo ljs[ltsf] lgd{nLs/0f u5{ eg] Joª\Uon] klg s6fIfsf dfWodaf6 pxL dfgjLo ljs[lts} lgd{nLs/0f u5{ . oxL ;dfg p2]Zosf cfwf/df xf:o / Joª\Uosf] ldng laGb' tof/ ePsf] xf] / kl/0ffdtM oL b'a}sf] ;lDdlnt ?k xf:oJoª\Uo b]lvg yfn]sf] xf] .

nf6f];fyLsf] o; ;Fufnfsf xf:oJoª\Uo lgaGwx? o;} afGsLsf xf:oJoª\UofTds /rgf x'g\ . ;ª\slnt /rgfx?df xf:o / Joª\Uosf] ;d'lrt k|of]u ePsf] kfOG5 . n]vssf] tLvf] snd k|;ª\u cg's"n xf:o / Joª\Uosf] nIoe]bL k|efj l;h{gf ug{ k"/} ;Ifd /x]sf] 5 .

o; ;Fufnfsf lgaGwx?df nf6f] ;fyLn] d'VotM jt{dfg ;dfhsf] la;ª\ult, las[lt / b'lg{oltnfO{ ljifo agfPsf 5g\ . o;n] ljz]iftM /fhg}lts, cfly{s / ;f+:s[lts ljsf/sf] klg v]bf] u/]sf 5g\ / ltgsf] dd{nfO{ tfs]/ k|xf/ ug]{ snfTds k|of; b]vfPsf 5g\ . pkxf;åf/f k|xf/ ubf{ klg / s6fIfåf/f k|xf/ ubf{ klg pgsf] xf:oJoª\UofTds ;/;Gwfg Wj+;sf nflu xf]Og ;'wf/sf nflu ePsf] 5 . ;a}h;f] lgaGwx?df pgsf] b[li6 JolQmnfO{ xf]Og ljs[ltnfO{, ;dfhnfO{ xf]Og ;d:ofnfO{, ;+:yfnfO{ xf]Og k|j[lQnfO{ / d'n'snfO{ xf]Og k5f}6]kgnfO{ rf]6 ug]{ /x]sf] 5 . pgn] Joª\Uojf0fsf] Psf]xf]/f] jiff{ u/]/ 3fOt] dfq ug]{ sfd u/]sf 5}gg\, ljs[lt ljz]ifnfO{ x6fpg] dfu{ klg ;'emfPsf 5g\ . n]vsn] ;d;fdlos ljljw lj;ª\ultx?sf] oyfy{jfbL lr/kmf/ cToGt Odfgbf/Lsf;fy u/]sf 5g\ .

‘cyftf] hnfg lh1f;f’ gfds o; s[ltsf ax';ª\Vos /rgfx? ;d;fdlos 5g\, t/ tL ;d;fdlos n]vem}+ If0fhLjL 5}gg\ . ;d;fdlos n]vx? ;doljz]ifdf cToGt dxTjk"0f{ x'G5g\, t/ ;do / l:ylt ablngf;fy cf]em]n k5{g\ . nf6f] ;fyLn] cfkm\gf] /rgfx?nfO{ o; t/xsf] If0feª\u'/tfaf6 ljz]if ;fjwfgLsf;fy hf]ufPsf 5g\ . pgn] k|foM /rgfx?df s'g} k|frLg jf kf}/fl0fs k|;ª\usf] pNn]v u/L ;d;fdlos ljifosf] k|:t'ltdf :yfloTj klg yk]sf 5g\ / o; k|ljlwaf6 /rgfx?nfO{ bL3{ hLjgsf] kf}li6stf k|bfg u/]sf 5g\ . o;af6 pgsf xf:oJoª\ofTds /rgfx? ;d;fdlos eP/ klg uxlsnf / ck]Iffs[t ;flj{s x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . b]zsf] jt{dfg :kGbgnfO{ 5fDg o; ;Fufnfsf /rgfx?n] ljz]if ?kdf ;3fpF5g\ . ;a}h;f] n]vdf nf6f];fyLn] b]zsf] ;'vb'vfTds 9's9'sLnfO{ ;kmn / ;Ifd 9+udf c+lst u/]sf 5g\ . o; kIfaf6 ljz]ift / ;fdfGotM cGo ;a} kIfaf6 k|:t't s[ltnfO{ Pp6f pknlAwk"0f{ l;h{gf dfGg'k5{ .

nf6f];fyLsf] efiff k|of]udf ljljwtf kfOG5 . ;+slnt lgaGwx?df tT;d, tb\ej, eflifsfut / cGo eflifs zAbx?sf] ;fy{s / ;6Ls k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . /rgfx?df oqtq cg'k|f;sf] ld7f; kfOG5 eg] s]xL ;fb[Zo ljwfgsf] rdTsf/L cf:jfb klg kfOG5 . pgsf] jfSo u7g chl6n / ;xh ;Dk|]io ePsfn] /rgfdf st} klg b'?xtfsf] uGw;Dd kfOFb}g . pgL efj cg';f/ efiffsf] k|of]u ug{ /fd|/L hfGb5g\ / pgn] o; Ifdtfsf] pkof]u ;a}h;f] /rgfdf u/]sf 5g\ . eflifs k|of]usf b[li6n] pgsf ;a} /rgfx? ;/n Pj+_ ;xh 5g\, sl;nf Pj+ el/nf 5g\, k|f~hn Pj+ k|efjsf/L 5g\ / efjk"0f{ Pj+ ;Gb]zo'Qm 5g\ . k|:t't ;ª\sngdf ;FuflnPsf nf6f];fyLsf ;a} lgaGwx? ;xh u|fx\o / /f]rs 5g\ . efiff k|of]usf] ljljwtfn] o; s[ltdf z}nLo ljljwtfsf] l;h{gf u/]sf] 5 .

k|:t[t ;+ufnfsf s[ltx?df xf:oeGbf Joª\Uosf] k|wfgtf /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] tfTko{ nf6f];fyL xf:osf] l;h{gfdf sdhf]/ 5g\ eGg] xf]Og, pgsf] a9L ?lr Joª\Uotkm{ 5 eGg] xf] . jt{dfg kl/l:yltdf Joª\Uosf] ddf{Gts k|xf/åf/f egfOnfO{ a9L kf]l6nf] / rf]l6nf], a9L bl/nf] / lvl/nf] clg a9L hNbf] / aNbf] t'Nofpg] cfjZostf b]v]/ pgL a9L Joª\Uod'vL ePsf] x'g'k5{ . pgsf] ;r]t Joª\Uo k|of]u kf7ssf dgdl:tisdf ulx/f] zAbf3ft ug{ ;kmn 5 . o;sf] ljz]iftfn] k|:t't s[ltnfO{ Pp6f ljlzi6 cfn]vsf] bhf{ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .

o; ;Fufnf]sf] zLif{s lgs} crDdsf], t/ ;fy{s 5 . zLif{sdf k|o'Qm cgf}7f] zAb ‘hnfg’n] lgs} s'ts'tL pTkGg u5{, t/ ‘cyftf] hnfg lh1f;f’ zLif{s n]vn] /dfOnf] u/L ;f] s'ts'tL d]6fpF5 . pQm n]vaf6 ‘h=hog]kfn, nf=nfn;nfd, g=gd:sf/’sf] ;+If]kLs[t zAb ‘hnfg’ xf] eGg] yfxf kfPkl5 zLif{ssf] pko'Qmtfaf/] slt klg ;Gb]x afFsL /xFb}g . nf6f] ;fyLn] of] zLif{s rogdf lgs} ljrf/ k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . o; ;Fufnf]sf] gfdfs/0f ljifo;Fu d]n vfg] u/L ;fd~h:od"ns 9ª\udf ul/Psf] 5 .

k|ltWjlg

lu/L, lglw tyf cGo a'l4hLjLnfO{ kq

>L cfb/0fLo cu|0fL g]tf k|bLk lu/L, ljdn]Gb| lglwsf ;fy} b]pjf u'6lt/ nfu]sf cGo a'l4hLjL sf+u|];L g]tfx? . k|ydtM clejfbg :jLsfg'{; n .

tkfO{+x?sf] va/ yfxf kfPF . ;'?df t tkfO{+x?n] ug{ yfn]sf] cfGbf]ng /fd|} nfu]/ ;dy{g u/]+ . la:tf/} la:tf/} dfcf]jfbLn] qmflGtsf] gfddf cjf]w dfG5]sf] Hofg lnP h:t} lul/hfk|;fbsf] lj?4 hfgnfO{ l;+uf] k|hftflGqs kf6L{df h'g ljefhg Nofpg' eof], o;n] d nufot k|hftGqsf] nflu n8]sf ;a}sf] dg kf]Ng' :jefljs} h:tf] nfU5 . of] b]zsf] nflu / cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] nflu olt nfdf] ;dob]lv sfd ub}{ cfpg' eof] . g]kfnL sf+u|];leqsf /fd|f / ljåfg dfG5] eg]/ l;+uf] d'n's / cGo k|hftflGqs ;+u7gx?n] klg sb/ uy]{, tkfO{+x?sf] ljåtfnfO{ . tkfO{+x?n] lul/hfk|;fbsf] lj?4df kf6L{leq} cfjfh lgsfn]/ unt tyf cGofosf] lj?4df hgtf ;fd' s'/f /fvL kf6L{nfO{ ;xL af6f]df 8f]¥ofpg ;Sg' x'g] lyof] . olta]nf tkfO{+x?n] To;f] gu/L Pp6f uNtL 9fSg csf]{ uNtL ub}{ x'g'x'GYof] . s] kf6L{ leqsf] lj;+ultsf lj?4 hfgnfO{ kf6L{ kmf]8\g' g} kg]{ cfjZos 5 / < s] tL sn+lst JolQmx? jfUn], v'daxfb'/ clg b]pjfnfO{ g]tf agfO{ /f0ffsfneGbf klg csf]{ tfgfzfxL Joj:yf Nofpg' kg]{ 5 / <

ljZjs} ;fd' sn+lst ePsf JolQmx?nfO{ sfvL Rofk]/ tkfO+{+x?df ePsf] af}l4stf lsg v]/ kmfNg' ef] . ljåfg zAbsf] cy{df slxNo} gd]l6g] bfu nufOlbg' eof] . s] dx]Gb|gf/fo0f lglwn] kf6L{ / af}l4stf eGbf an / k};f 7"nf] eg]/ l;sfpg' eof] < ls afns[i0f vfF8 / pdf clwsf/Lsf] h:t} u/L k};fn] d'v a'lhPsf] 5 < olb 5}g eg] cem} klg ;To / zflGtsf] kIfdf tkfO{+x?sf] af}l4stfnfO{ k|of]u ug]{ ;do 5 .

– l;Qn
b]pv'/L, ndxL

clen]v
/fhb/jf/df /fhgLlts ;Dd]ng

b]zsf] /fhgLlts ;d:of ;dfwfg lgldQ /fo a'em\g eg]/ >L % dx]Gb|af6 @)!@ ;fn a}zfv @% ut] /fhgLlts ;Dd]ng af]nfOof] . To; ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL x'g /fhgLlts bnx?sf cWoIf / pkfWoIf ;lxt rf/hgf / ;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yfaf6 b'O{ hgf k|ltlglwnfO{ cfdGq0f ul/Psf] lyof] . To; ;Dd]ngdf hDdf !@( ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?n] efu lnP . o;df /fhgLltdf ;/f]sf/ gePsf ev{/ v'n]sf Snax? klg lyP . /fhfsf] of] sfo{ /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ xf]Rofpg ul/Psf] xf] eg]/ k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx?dWo] g]kfnL sfFu|];, k|hf kl/ifb\ / g]kfnL /fli6«o sfFu|];n] of] ;Dd]ngdf efu lnPgg\ . j}zfv @% ut] /fhb/af/df /fhgLlts ;Dd]ng k|f/De ub}{ >L % dx]Gb|n] clxn];Ddsf dlGqd08naf6 cfkm" ;Gt'i6 g/x]sf] s'/f o; k|sf/ JoQm u/] æx/]s 5nkmnaf6 ha dlGqd08n u7g x'G5, hxfF;Dd d hfGb5' Tof] dlGqd08nn] @–# dlxgf cfkm"nfO{ ev{/ hGd]sf] gofF ;Demg] To;kl5 @–# dlxgf cfk;df s'g} lsl;dsf] snx k}bf u/L cGTodf @–# dlxgfdf Pp6f dlGqd08n e+u eO{, km]]l/ oxL /Ltn] csf]{ gofF dlGqd08n u7g x'Fb} cfpg] u/]sf]df ljz]if s]xL 7f]; sfd x'g kfpg ;Sg'sf] abnf rf/ hgfnfO{ dfq xf:g] 7fpF x'g uP h:tf] nfUb5 .Æ a}zfv @% ut]b]lv h]7 @ ut];Dd rf/ k6s /fhbaf/df a}7s a;L ljrf/ ljdz{ eof] . ;Dd]ngdf w]/} k|:tfj / ;'emfjx? cfPsf lyP . cGTodf 5nkmnaf6 lgDglnlvt lgisif{ lg:s]sf] hfgsf/L u/fOof],

>L % sf] k|ToIf zf;g x'g'x'Fb}g .
cljnDa r'gfj ;DkGg x'g'k5{ .
k|hftflGqs zf;g k|0ffnL sfod x'g'k5{ .
xfnsf] ;Nnfxsf/ ;ef lj36g x'g'k5{ .

o; k|sf/ /fhgLlts ;Dd]ngn] /fd|} / pkof]uL lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] b]lvG5 . ;Dd]ngsf ;'emfjx? sfof{Gjog ug{ >L % dx]Gb|af6 klg pT;'stf b]vfOof] . h]7 @& ut] ;Nnfxsf/ ;ef lj36g ul/of] . ;fpg @$ ut] b]zsf] cfd lgjf{rg @)!$ ;fnsf] cflZjg k"l0f{df lbgb]lv k|f/De x'g]5 eg]/ 3f]if0ff ul/of] . pQm ;Dd]ng efu glnPsf /fhgLlts bnx?;+u ;+jfb k|f/De ul/of] .

-8f=;"o{dl0f clwsf/Låf/f lnlvt æg]kfndf k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;Æaf6_

/+ut/+u

km';{bdf km';{lbnf snfsf/x?

rnlrqsf] clegoaf6 km';{b kfPsf snfsf/x?dWo] cleg]tf s[i0f dNn klg olta]nf rnlrqsf] clegoaf6 km';{b kfPsf km';{lbnf snfsf/ x'g\ . g]kfn rnlrq /fli6«o snfsf/ ;+3sf dxf;lrj ;d]t /x]sf dNn s]xL dlxgf otf b]lv g]kfn 6]lnlehgdf rnlrq ;DaGwL sfo{qmd ‘lkmNd l;6L’ rnfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . cfh ef]ln k|foM ‘lkmNd l;6L’ d} Ao:t x'g] cleg]tf dNnn] dfs]{l6·df klg xft xfn]sfn] ‘lkmNdl;6L’ af6 pla|Psf] ;do cfkm\gf] dfs]{l6· clkm;nfO{ lbg] u5{g\ .

s[i0f dNnsL >LdtL gflosf zld{nf dNnn] klg rnlrqaf6 km';{b kfPsL l5g\ olta]nf . of] cy{df pgLnfO{ klg olta]nfsL km';{lbnL gflosf eGg ;lsG5 . km';{bsf] ;do s;/L latfpg' x'G5 eg]/ k|Zg t]:of{pFbf pgsf] hjfkm lyof]– æljb]zL Rofgnx?af6 cfpg] wf/fjflxsx? x]5'{, kqklqsf k9\5', ;fy} cfhef]ln d sljtf n]Vg cln Jo:t 5' .Æ pgsf cg';f/ pgL olta]nf sljtf ;+u|x lgsfNg] w'gdf nfu]sL 5g\ . nueu Pp6f ;+u|xnfO{ k'Ug] sljtfx? /rgf ul/;s]sL l5g\ pgLn] . ‘zfob ca rfF8} k|sfzg klg ul/xfN5' xf]nf .’ pgn] atfOg\ .

cleg]qL ldlynf zdf{ klg xfnnfO{ km';{bdf l5g\ . ‘ablnbf] cfsfz’ gfds 6]lnrnlrqdf clego ug]{ ;f]r agfO/x]sL cleg]qL zdf{ lqk'/]Zj/df cjl:yt sfGt]Zj/L lzz' ljBfnodf cWofkg klg u/fpFl5g\ . uLtx? ;'g]/, kqklqsf k9]/ cWoog / clegoaf6 pla|Psf] ;do Joltt ug]{ ul5{g\ pgL .

rnlrq k"l0f{dfsf] 5fofFsg ;s]/ km';{bdf a;]sL l5g cleg]qL uf}/L dNn -e08f/L_ klg . k'm;{bsf] ;dodf cfkm"n] kfn]sf kz'k+IfL / hgfj/x?nfO{ ;do lbg] ul5{g\ . pgLsxfF, xfF;, 6sL{, sflnh, nf}s6, s's'/, ;'uf h:tf kz'k+IfL / hgfj/x? 5g\ . hgfj/ / kz'k+IfL kfNg' pgsf] >Ldfg /fhgsf] ;f}v xf], >Ldfgsf] ToxL ;f}v la:tf/} uf}/Ldf klg ;¥of] . To;}n] rnlrqaf6 pla|Psf] ;do ltg} kzk+IfL / hgfj/x?sf] :ofxf/ ;';f/nfO{ lblG5g\ pgL .

xfnnfO{ rnlrqsf] clegoaf6 km';{b kfPsf csf{ km';{lbnf snfsf/x? x'g\– wL/]g zfSo . rnlrqsf] clegoaf6 km';{b kfP klg cfkm}+n] lkmNd k|f]8SZg vf]n]sf wL/]g laxfg ^ ah]b]lv a]n'sL & ah];Dd cfkm\g} lkmNd k|f]8Szgdf Jo:t x'G5g\ . ‘cDhfd’ gfds rnlrq lgdf{0fdf klg h'6]sf 5g\ pgL olta]nf . km';{bdf cfkm\gL 5f]/L;Fu v]Ng ?rfpg] Ps 5f]/Lsf afa' wL/]g slxn]sflx+ cfkm\gL >LdtL 5f]/L ;lxt 3'Dg klg lgSnG5g\ eg] ;fyLefO;Fu e]63f6 u/]/ klg km';{bsf] ;do latfpg] u5{g\ pgL .

xfn} ‘b}j’ gfds rnlrqsf] sfd ;s]/ km';{bdf a;]sf gfos tyf rnlrq k|:t'tstf{ ch'{g >]i7 km';{bsf] ;do ljz]ifu/L cfkm\gf] 3/–kl/jf/nfO{ g} lbg] u5{g\ . To;kl5 afFsL /x]sf] ;do ;fyLefO;+usf] e]63f6df latfpg] u5{g\ .

cfkm\gf] lgdf{0fdf ‘z'esfdgf’ tof/ kf/]/ km';{bdf a;]sf gfos l;dfGt pbf; klg ;fyLefO;+u e]63f6 / /dfOnf] u/]/ km';{bsf] ;do latfpg] u5{g\ .

– ;Gtf]if

cy{rqm

kf]v/fdf cj}w z'Ns cft+s

cj}w ?kdf !$ dlxgf;Dd ;j{;fwf/0faf6 z'Ns p7fpbf klg lhDd]jf/ lgsfox? df}g a:g'n] kf]v/fjf;L b· k/]sf 5g\ . of] sfo{af6 :yfgLo hgtf cft+lst ;d]t 5g\ .

kf]v/f pkdxfgu/kflnsf;+usf] ;Demf}tf ljk/Lt kf]v/f sd{l;on c6f] kfs{ k|f=ln=-lkSofk_n] !$ dlxgfb]lv gu/sf ljleGg 7fpFdf cj}w ?kdf kfls{· z'Ns p7fO/x]sf] 5 . cj}w tl/sfaf6 z'Ns p7fpFb} cfPsf] lkSofknfO{ sf/jfxL ug]{ tkm{ clxn];Dd ;DalGwt lgsfosf] Wofg guPsf] b]Vbf kf]v/fjf;Lx? cfZro{rlst ePsf 5g\ .

kf]v/fsf ljleGg * j6f rf]sx? Aojl:yt u/]kl5 kf]v/f pk–dxfgu/kflnsfaf6 Aojl:yt e};s]sf] ;DkGgtfsf] k|df0fkq lnP/ dfq} kfls{· z'Ns p7fpg kfpg] ;Demf}tfkqdf pNn]v 5 . t/ lkSofkn] ;DkGgtfsf] k|df0fkq gkfpFb} ut jif{sf] c;f/b]lv gu/el/ kfls{· z'Ns p7fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . lkSofksf tLg bh{g sd{rf/Ln] lbgx'F xhf/f}+ /sd ca}w 9+uaf6 kfls{· z'Nssf] gfpFdf p7fpFb} cfPsf 5g\ .

kf]v/fsf] kfls{·nfO{ Aojl:yt ug{ c6f] kfs{ / kf]pdgkfaLr @)%& ;fn sflQs @$ ut] !) jif{sf nflu ;Demf}tf ePsf] lyof] . ;Demf}tfkq cg';f/ kf]v/fsf k|d'v * rf]sx?nfO{ jif{ lbg leq Aojl:yt u/] kl5 dfq} gu/af6 ;DkGgtfsf] k|df0fkq lnP/ lkSofkn] kfls{· z'Ns p7fpg] k|fjwfg /flvPsf] lyof] . t/ ;Demf}tf ePsf] 8]9 jif{ ljlt;Sbf klg p;n] s'g} rf]ssf] ;DkGgtfsf] k|df0fkq lnPsf] 5}g . s'g} rf]sdf sfd ;'? g} gub}{ / ;'? u/]sf rf]sx?df klg sfd k"/f gx'Fb} p;n] !$ dlxgfb]lv kfls{· z'Ns p7fpFb} cfPsf] xf] . hfgsf/ ;"q cg';f/ lkSofkn] clxn];Dd %) k|ltzt sfd klg k"/f u/]sf] 5}g . z'Ns p7fpg] k|s/0fdf Pdfn]sf tkm{af6 lahoL k"j{ d]o/sf] ;d]t ldnf]dtf] /x]sf] atfOG5 . To;}n] ;DkGgtfsf] k|df0fkq ljgf g} z'Ns p7fpbf klg lkSofk dfly sf/jfxL ePg . lkSofkn] * j6f rf]snfO{ Jojl:yt agfpg] sfd k"/f gx'Fb} k[YjLrf]s, lrKn]9'·f, dx]Gb|k'n, n]s;fO8, >[hgfrf]s, 6\ofS;Lrf]s, ju/ nufotsf If]qdf lkSofksf sd{rf/Lx? b}lgs ?kdf kfls{· z'Ns p7fp5g\ . t/ kf]v/f pkdxfgu/kflnsf / ToxfFsf] k|zf;g df}g 5 . 7fpF 7fpFdf kfgLsf] kmf]xf]/f agfpg], /]ln· nufpg] s'/f ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v 5 . lkSofkn] df]6/;fOsn kfls{·sf] k|lt306f b'O{, 6\ofS;L 6]Dkf]sf] % / a;sf] !) ?k}ofF c;'nL ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . lkSofkn] rf]s Jojl:yt ug{ $% nfv $& xhf/ vr{ ug]{ sfd ;DkGg eP kl5 p;n] !) jif{;Dd kfls{· z'Ns p7fpg kfpg] ;+emf}tf kf]v/f pkdxfgu/ kflnsf;Fu ePsf] lyof] . ;+emf}tfdf oL Sofjn] &! nfv ?k}ofF pkdxfgu/kflnsfnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{ pNn]v 5 . lkSofkn] pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf lhDd]jf/L kbflwsf/L;Fusf] ldnf]dtf]df ;+emf}tf ljk/Lt z'Ns p7fPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

kf]v/f / d':tfªdf ko{6g Joj;fo rf}k6

d'n'ssf] k|d'v ko{6sLo gu/L kf]v/f ut jif{b]lv ko{6sljxLg ePsf] 5 . xf]6n Joj;foLx?sf cg';f/ ljutsf jif{x?df kf]v/fdf b}lgs & b]lv ( xhf/ ko{6sx? cfpg] ub{y] t/ clxn] d'l:snn] !)) b]lv !%) ko{6sx? cfpg] 5g\ . h;sf sf/0f kf]v/fsf] ko{6g Joj;fo dfq xf]Og ;du| d'n'ss} cy{tGq u+eL/ ?kn] k|efljt ePsf] 5 . s'g} ;do kf]v/fsf k|foM ;a} xf]6nx? ljb]zL ko{6sx?n] el/e/fp x'g] ub{y] t/ clxn] ljb]zL ko{6sx?sf] s]Gb|ljGb'sf ?kdf /x]sf] n]s;fO8df ljb]zL ko{6ssf] lznf g} vf]Hg' kg]{ cj:yf 5 . kf]v/fdf b}lgs ( xhf/ ko{6ssf nflu xf]6n nufot kof{Kt ;'ljwf 5 . jif{ lbg;Dd -l;hgdf_ ;d]t ko{6sx?sf] cfudg a9\g'sf] ;§f emg\ emg\ 36\b} uPjf6 l:ylt cem u+eL/ ePsf] 5 . c/af}+sf] ;DklQ nufgL u/]sf Joj;foLx? a}+ssf] Aofh ltg{ ;d]t g;Sg] cj:yfdf 5g\ . b'O{ ca{ C0f lnP/ agfOPsf] km'naf/L xf]6nn] ljut tLg dlxgfb]lv cfkm\gf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ tna v'jfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . kf]v/fsf tf/] xf]6nb]lv lnP/ ;fdfGo /]i6'/f;Ddsf] o:t} ;d:of 5 . g]kfn xf]6n Joj;foL ;+3 kf]v/fsf cg';f/, kf]v/fdf ;+rflnt @) k|ltzt xf]6n / /]i6'/fsf] of] Ps jif{sf] aLrdf aGb eP . cem} Tolts} ;+Vofdf aGb x'g] cj:yfdf 5g\ . ut aif{sf] h]7 !( ut] /fhb/af/df ePsf] b'Mvb 36gf, dfcf]jfbL cft+s / ut d+l;/ !! ut]b]lv nfu" ePsf] ;+s6sfnn] t emg\ kf]v/fsf] ko{6g k|j4g ck'/0fLo Iflt k'¥ofPsf] 5 . of] Iflt k"/f ug{ jiff}{ nfUg ;S5 .

xf]6n Joj;foL ;+3sf cg';f/, a}+saf6 C0f lnP/ xf]6n Joj;fo ;+rfng ug]{x?sf] ;+Vof lgSs} a9L 5 . b}lgs !) b]lv %) xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd Aofh ltg]{ xf]6nx?sf nflu t emg\ clxn] kmnfdsf] Ro"/f rkfpg' em}+ ePsf] 5 . xhf/ ?k}ofFdf hfg] sf]7fx? b'O{ ;odf kfOg yfn]sf 5g\ . Ps hgf ko{6s b]Vg] ljllQs} p;nfO{ cfkm\gf] xf]6ndf Nofpgsf nflu ljdfg:yn / a;kfs{d} eL8 nfUg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . To;/L a;kfs{ / Po/kf]6{af6 ko{6sx?nfO{ xf]6nsf bnfnx?n] hj/h:tL cfkm\gf] xf]6ndf n}hfg xf]8afhL u/]sf b[Zo b]Vg kfOG5 .

kf]v/fsf Pshgf xf]6n Joj;foL gjLg ysfnL eG5g\–æd}n] of] Joj;fo ;+rfng u/]sf] !) jif{ eof] . t/ o:tf] ;+s6 slxNo} cfPsf] lyPg . ca klg l:yltdf ;'wf/ cfPg eg] To;n] ko{6g Joj;fo t Wj:t x'G5 g} ;du| d'n'ss} cy{tGqdf ;d]t u+eL/ / b"/ufdL c;/ kfg]{ lglZrt 5 .Æ pgsf] egfOdf xf]6nx?n] ltg]{ /fh:j ^) k|ltztn] x|f; cfPsf] 5 .

kf]v/fl:yt sflGtk'/ xf]6nn] cfkm\gf #)–$) sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ labf lbO;s]sf] 5 . ^)–&) hgf sd{rf/L /x]sf] pQm xf]6nn] Joj;fo 7Kk eP kl5 em08} @) hgf sd{rf/L dfq /fv]sf] 5 . ko{6g Joj;fodf Jofks x|f; cfPkl5 3/sf] ef8f ;d]t @)–#) k|ltzt;Dd 36]sf] 5 . n]s;fO8 lt/sf xf]6nx? ko{6s gx'Fbf dfx'/L ljgfsf km"n h:t} b]lvG5g\ .

d':tfªdf klg ko{6s 36]

lxdfnkfl/sf] ;'Gb/ ko{6sLo lhNnf d':tf·df klg ut jif{sf] cg'kftdf $% k|ltzt ko{6s 36]sf 5g\ . cGgk"0f{ If]q ;+/If0f sf]ifsf cg';f/ ;g\ @))! df cGgk"0f{ If]qdf @) xhf/ * ;o !% ko{6s cfPsf lyP . t/ ;g\ @))@ sf] ( dlxgfsf] cjlwdf hDdf *–( xhf/ ko{6s dfq cfPsf 5g\ . l;hgdf klg ko{6s cfpg] qmd ga9]sf] b]Vbf :yfgLo Joj;foL lrlGtt 5g\ . of] jif{ !@ b]lv !# xhf/ ko{6s dfq cfpg] cg'dfg 5 . cGgk"0f{ If]qsf] e|d0fdf hfg] ko{6sn] k|j]z z'Ns jfkt @))) ?k}ofF ltg'{ k5{ . cGgk"0f{ If]qdf e|d0f ug]{ ko{6s 36] klg dflyNnf] d':tf·df eg] ko{6s 36]sf 5}gg\ . dflyNnf] d':tf· hfg] ko{6sx?n] &)) 8n/ z'Ns ltg'{ k5{ . ut jif{ Tof] If]qdf (@( ko{6sn] e|d0f u/]sf lyP . h;af6 /fHonfO{ em08} ^ s/f]8 /fh:j k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . of] jif{ klg ^–& ;o ljb]zL gful/s dflyNnf] d':tf· hfg] cfzf ul/Psf] 5 . ;b/d'sfd hf]d;f]d / ko{6sLo ufpF dfkmf{df of] jif{ ko{6s lgSs} sd cfP . d':tf·sf ko{6g Joj;foL Pj+ ;dfh;]jL elQm lx/frg eGg'x'G5– dfkmf{ ;of}+ jif{b]lv ko{6sx?sf] s]Gb|ljGb'sf ?kdf /xFb} cfPsf] 7fpF xf] . t/ Ps jif{ otf oxfFsf] ko{6g Joj;fo rf}k6 ePsf] 5 . dfkmf{df ePsf ( j6f xf]6n k|foM ko{6sljxLg 5g\ .Æ oxL cj:yf sfod /xg] xf] eg] xfdL t 8'A5f}+ 8'A5f}+ d'n'ssf] cy{tGq;d]t rf}k6 x'g]5 .Æ

hf]d;f]dsf xf]6n Joj;foL czf]s z]/rgn] of] jif{ ko{6sx?sf] cfudg ;+Vof cToGt Go"g ePsfn] Joj;fo wfGg cToGt sl7g ePsf] ljdz{nfO{ atfP . Ps tYof· cg';f/ tNnf] d':tf·sf ^) k|ltzt hgtf ko{6g Joj;fodf ;lDdlnt 5g\ eg] $) k|ltzt s[lifdf ko{6s 36\bf oL b'j} d'Vo Joj;fo ;+s6df k/]sf 5g\ . ko{6g Joj;foL elQm lx/frg ko{6g Joj;fo clea[l4 ug{ ;/sf/L txaf6 kxn x'g' kg]{ atfpg' x'G5 . ;/sf/n] ko{6g Joj;foLx?af6 p7fpg] z'NsdWo] ^* k|ltzt /sd d':tf·s} nflu vr{ ug]{ lg0f{o u/] klg clxn];Dd To;sf] sfof{Gjog gu/]k|lt qm'4 x'g'x'G5 pxfF .

d'lQmgfysf] dlGb/, lgnlu/L lxdfn, dfkmf{, sfuj]gL, dflyNnf] d':tf·, ljZjs} pRr :yfgdf /x]sf] ltlnrf] tfn nufot ko{6sLo b[li6n] cToGt dxTjk"0f{ If]q d':tf·df ko{6s 36\g'sf] k|d'v sf/0f kf]v/fdf cfpg] ko{6sx?sf] ;+Vofdf Jofks s6f}tL x'g'n] klg xf] .

6]lnkmf]g ;]jf 7Kk

dfcf]jfbLx?n] DofUbLl:yt g]kfn b"/;~rf/ ;+:yfgsf] l/lk6/ :6]zg ut k'; dlxgfdf Wj:t agfOlbP kl5 d':tf· lhNnfsf ;~rf/ ;]jf 7Kk ePsf] 5 . em08} !% xhf/ hg;+Vof ePsf] d':tf·df clxn] Pp6f dfq 6]lnkmf]g /x]sf] 5 . ;b/d'sfd hf]d;f]ddf lhNnfsf s'g} ;/sf/L sfof{nodf kmf]g gx'Fbf Psflt/ b}lgs k|zf;lgs sfo{df 7"nf] c;/ k'u]sf] 5 eg] @–# lbgsf] af6f] lx+8]/ 306f};Dd nfOg nflu kmf]g ug'{ kg]{ afWotf 5 . laxfg !) ah]b]lv % ah];Dd dfq kmf]g v'Nnf /xG5 / Tolta]nf kmf]g ug{ gkfpg] dflg;n] Pslbg hf]d;f]dd} af; a:g' kg]{ x'G5 . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L /fddz/0f lrdf}l/ofn] kmf]g gx'Fbf lgSs} ck7\of/f] ePsf] atfpg' eof] . pxfFn] cfufdL Ps dlxgfleq :of6nfO6 k|ljlwaf6 d':tf·df 8]9 ;o nfOg 6]lnkmf]g ljt/0f ug]{ tof/L e}/x]sf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . dfcf]jfbLn] DofUbLsf] 6]lnkmf]g 6fj/ Wj:t gagfpFbf ToxfF em08} $) j6f nfOg lyP . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lrdf}l/ofn] eGg'eof]– kmf]g gx'Fbf :yfgLo hgtf / ljb]zL ko{6sx?n] ljb]z / :jb]zdf /x]sf cfkmGtx?;Fu ;Dks{ ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ .

& ut] d':tfª dxf]T;j

ko{6s cfudgdf Jofks x|f; cfPkl5 cfGtl/s ko{6s a9fpg] p2]Zon] kl;{ c;f]h & ut]b]lv ( ut];Dd d':tf· dxf]T;jsf] cfof]hgf ul/+b}5 . ljb]zL ko{6sx?sf] cfudgdf Jofks sdL cfO/x]sf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf d':tf·df /x]sf k|l;4 ko{6sLo :yn ;f+:s[lts k|rf/k|;f/ u/L :jb]zL ko{6sx?nfO{ cfslif{t ug]{ p2]Zon] dxf]T;j cfof]hgf ul/Psf] s'/f d':tf·sf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L g/xl/ a/fnn] ljdz{nfO{ atfpg' eof] .

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt d':tf·sf] cfof]hgfdf x'g nfu]sf] d':tf· dxf]T;jsf] pb\3f6g >L % o'j/fhflw/fh kf/; jL/ljqmd zfxaf6 ul/aS;g] sfo{qmd to ul/Psf] 5 . dxf]T;jdf efu lng] ko{6sx?fnO{ vfgfdf %) k|ltzt 5'6 lbg] / b'O{ lsnf] :ofp pkxf/ k|bfg ug]{ sfo{qmd cfof]hgfx?n] to u/]sf 5g\ . dxf]T;jdf d':tf·sf] nf]s ;f+:s[lts emlNsg] vfnsf ljleGg k|ltof]lutf, v]ns'b sfo{qmd, s[lif d]nf k|b{zgL, kmf]6f] k|bz{gL, 3f]8f bf}8, 3/]n' pTkfbg k|bz{gL / km'6 km]li6jnsf] cfof]hgf ul/g] 5 . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L /fdz/0f lrdf}l/ofn] dxf]T;jsf] tof/L k"/f e};s]sf] ljdz{nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

;ftfsf] :j/

tLg dlxgf;Ddsf] nfdf] cGt/fnkl5 cfof]un] ck|Toflzt lg0f{o lbPsf] 5 . o; lg0f{oaf6 pTkGg kl/l:yltsf] ;fdgf ug{ xfdL ;a} tTk/ x'g'k5{ . /fhgLlts bnsf] xsdf dxflwj]zgsf] lg0f{osf] ;jf]{Rrtf csf6\o /xg] ;j{sfnLs tYonfO{ :jLsf/ u/L ‘jfg]Zj/ dxflwj]zg’nfO{ a}wflgs dfGbf dfGb} klg cfof]un] Tof] ljifonfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ?kdf 6'+uf] gnufPsf]df dnfO{ cfZro{ nfu]sf] 5 .

– k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf

cfof]usf] lg0f{o lgtfGt /sdL, c:ki6, cw'/f] / e|d kfg]{ Pj+ sf+u|]; ljefhg ug]{ dgzfon] k|]l/tdfq xf]Og cfklQhgs / d'n'snfO{ clg0f{odf c8\sfpg] vfnsf] 5 . cfof]un] clGtd lg0f{o cem ug{ ;s]g . h'g cfof]usf] cIfdtf xf] .

– g]sf g]tf /fdrGb| kf}8]n

cfof]un] kf6L{ ljwfg / sfg'g cg'?k lg0f{o gu/L s'g} eL8sf] ax'n7\7LkgnfO{ ;d]t :jLsfg{ vf]Hg' b'Mvb s'/f xf] .

– g]sf k|jQmf ch'{ggl;+x s]=;L=

of] lg0f{okl5 k|wfgdGqL b]pjf sf+u|]; /xg'ePg . sf+u|]; ePsf cfwf/df k|wfgdGqL ePsf b]pjf kf6L{df g/x]kl5 s;/L kbdf axfn /lx/xg kfpg'x'G5 < hgtf eP/ d k|Zg u5'{ .

– k"j{ ;efd'v, bdggfy 9'+ufgf

ha;Dd ;fj{hlgs ax;sf cfwf/df gu/L s;}sf] 3/, cfFug rxf/]sf] e/df ;+j}wflgs lgsfodf lgo'lQm x'G5, lg0f{o o:t} cfpF5 .

– clwjQmf >Lxl/ cof{n

of] ;ftf

ebf} @& ljxLjf/

r >L % af6 ;+;b\sf] b'a} ;bgaf6 kfl/t cbfnt Joj:yfkg tyf Gofo k|zf;g ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ ljw]os @)%* / /fhgLlts ;+u7g jf bnx?sf] ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] ljw]os @)%* :jLs[t .

r >L % j8fdxf/fgL sf]dnaf6 ljleGg rnlrqsdL{nfO{ o; jif{sf] rnlrq ;Ddfg k'/:sf/–@)%( k|bfg .

r g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIfdf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnosf ;x;lrj d's'Gbk|;fb cfrfo{ lgo'Qm .

z'qmjf/

r >L % af6 gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/af/df cfof]lht ;'zf]eg ;df/f]xdf d'n'ssf] zflGt ;'Joj:yf sfod u/fpg] l;nl;nfdf ljz]if of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' x'g] dxfg'efjx?nfO{ ljleGg dfg kbjLaf6 lje"lift .

r ;'Vvf aGb/ufx ;~rfng ug]{ ;Gbe{df g]kfn–ef/taLr gofFlbNnLdf ePsf] jftf{ k'gM csf]{ jftf{ ug]{ u/L ;DkGg .

zlgjf/

r sjloqL df]ldnf df]xg /]UdL :d[lt ;Ddfg @)%* af6 k'/:s[t .

cfOtjf/

r g]kfn–ef/taLr ;Ldf If]qdf h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f ug]{ p2]Zon] cfof]lht b'O{kIfLo cGt/;Ldf a}7s ljleGg ;xdlt;lxt ;DkGg .

r g]kfnL sf+u|]; kf6L{sf] cfx\jfgdf bz kf6L{sf] ;j{bnLo a}7s cfof]lht .

;f]daf/

r zfg]jflgsf] cj:yf ;'wf/sf] nflu ;+:s[lt ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnoåf/f !^ j6f ;'wf/fTds pkfox? cjnDag ug{ lgb]{zg .

r dfcf]jfbLåf/f g]kfn jGbsf] cfof]hgf .

c;f]h ! ut], d+unaf/

r >L % o'j/fhf kf/;af6 g]kfn jftfj/0f kqsf/ ;d"xåf/f ;~rflnt ljleGg ultljlwsf] hfgsf/L xfl;n .

r lgjf{rg cfof]uåf/f sf+u|]; j}wflgstfsf] ljjfbdf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ ;efklt /x]sf] g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ cflwsfl/stf k|bfg . b]pjf ;dx"nfO{ kf6L{ btf{sf] nflu ;ft lbg] Dofb k|bfg .

a'wjf/

r >L % a8fdxf/fgL sf]dnåf/f s[lif d]nf @)%( sf] ;d'b\3f6g .

r k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfåf/f cfkm" ;dy{s sfo{stf{x?sf] c;f]h !! / !@ ut] /fli6«o e]nfsf] cfx\jfg .

r g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfåf/f km'6]/ uPsfx?nfO{ d"n3/df kms{g cfx\jfg .