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Clif wdnf

@)$*, @)$( ;fnlt/sf] s'/f xf]+ . lqk'/]Zj/b]lv eQmk'/;Dd rNg] 6«nLa;sf] k5fl8sf] l;6df Pp6f kftnf] kftnf] bfx|L kfn]sf] dfG5];Fu k|foM e]6 eO/xGYof] . Tof] dfG5] slxn]a;sf] 808Ldf ;dft]/ pleb} klqsf kl9/x]sf] x'GYof], t slxn] k5fl8 ;L6df sf]lvnfdf kftnf] sfnf] Jofu Rofk]/ abfd vfO/x]sf] x'GYof] . Tof] dfG5]nfO{ w]/}n] glhsaf6 b]v]sf 5g\ . /Tgkfs{b]lv l;+xb/af/;Dd To;a]nf x'g] /fFs] h'n';x?sf] g]t[Tj ub}{ bf}8g] dfG5] klg ToxL lyof] .

=== t/ ToxL dfG5] ;ftjif{kl5 utxKtf jL/]Gb| cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|df ;fj{hlgs x'Fbf eg] bGTosyfsf] gfos em}+ eof] . p;sf] cg'xf/ x]g{ cft'/ hgdfg; dfly k|x/Ln] nf7Lrfh{;d]t ug'{k¥of] .

cyf{t\ 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] rrf{ / JolQmTjn] ;ft jif{df cfsfz r'd] klg glhsaf6 x]bf{ 8f=e§/fO{ p:t} ;/n, ldng;f/ / d[b[efifL x'g'x'G5 . bfx|L klg To:t} To:t} t/ pxfFsf] z}nLdf cfPsf] Pp6f kl/jt{g eg] ;a}n] dx;'; u/]sf 5g\ . sd af]Ng], Psf]xf]/f] lrGtg ul//xg] :jefjsf 8f=e§/fO{df cr]n cln a9L r~rntf b]lvG5 . xft km8sf/]/ xlNnO xlNnO{ s'/f ug]{ pxfFsf] gofF :jefj ;ft jif]{ hgo'4s} pkh xf] .

;ft jif{cl3 sf]6]Zj/l:yt pxfFsf] rfOlhg OF6fsf] 3/df k'Ubf 8f=e§/fO{ / lxl;nf odL >Ldfg\ >LdtL x'g\ eg]/ 7Dofpg ufx|f] kYof]{, ljns'n ;fyLsf] h:tf] lyof] Jojxf/ <

æPs 8]9 dlxgf eof], pgL;Fu e]6 x'g kfPsf] 5}g, pgL e"ldut g} l5g\ .Æ dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;+of]hs 8f=e§/fO{n] lxl;nfaf/] eGg'eof] . lxl;nf odL sflnsf]6df ljsf; lgdf{0f ;DaGwL of]hgf agfpFb} x'g'x'G5 . pxfF To;kf6L{leq dlxnf g]t[sf] ?kdf kl/lrt x'g'x'G5 .

lbNnLdf 8f=e§/fO{ hlta]nf cfls{6]Sr/df kf]:6 u|fh'P6 ub}{ x'g'x'GYof], lxl;nf u|fh'P;g ul//xg' ePsf] lyof] . o;nfO{ ‘P ne :6f]/L Og lbNnL’ eg] klg x'G5 . 3/ 5f8]/ csf]{ b]zdf k9\g cfPsf o'jfo'jtLaLr dg ldn]kl5 k|]d x'g' :jfefljs} xf] . æne n]6/ klg n]lvof], t/ xfd|f] k|]d j}rfl/s k|]d lyof], Ps k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf pxfFn] eGg'eof]– dnfO{ dg k/fpg] sf] sf] lyP Tof] rflx+ yfxf ePg, t/ d}n] rflxF lxl;nfnfO{ dg k/fPF .Æ pxfFsf cg';f/ vf;df lxl;nfsf] ‘ljb|f]xL dlxnf’sf] JolQmTjaf6 8f=e§/fO{ k|efljt x'g'ePsf] lyof] . k|]dljjfx ePsf] @!, @@ jif{eof], pgLl;t s'g} 7fs7's k/]sf] 5}g .

dfof k|]d / /f]dfG; t j'h'{jf ;+:s[lt xf]Og / < eGg] k|Zg ubf{ 8f=e§/fO{n] xfF:b} eGg'eof]– æjf:tjdf dfS;{jfbLx? ?vf] x'G5g\ eGg] ul/G5 . t/ To;f] xf]Og . dfS;{jfbLx? emg\ ;x[boL x'G5g\ . j}rfl/s / juL{o k|]d t emg uf9f x'G5 .Æ

;ft jif{ nfdf] lx+;fTds cfGbf]ngdf nfu] klg 8f=e§/fO{sf] x[bo Tolt s7f]/ /x]g5 eGg] s'/f pxfFnfO{ e]6\bf cg'e"t x'GYof] . k|]dsf af/]df v'n]/ s'/f ub}{ pxfFn] eGg'eof]— ænufjsf] cg'e"lt xf] k|]d, Tof] nufj ljljw sf/0fn] pTklQ x'G5 . ljrf/sf] nufjaf6 pTkGg x'g] k|]d ;Rrf k|]d xf] . of}g cfzlQmn] ul/g] k|]d ;Rrf xf]Og .Æ

xf], 8f=e§/fO{ / lxl;nfsf] ;Rrf k|]dsf] ;fIfLsf] ?kdf Ps dfq 5f]/L l5g\— dfg'ifL . dfg'ifL sxfF l5g\ 8fS6/;fx]j < 8f=e§/fO{n] eGg'eof]— pgL clxn] k9\b}l5g\ . sxfF l5g\, sxfF k9\b}l5g Tof] rflx+ gegf}+ .Æ

ha k|Zg ;f]lwof] ls 5f]/LnfO{ klg /fhgLltd} nufpg] < 8f=e§/fO{n] eGg'eof]— o;df pgsf] :jtGqtfsf] s'/f 5 . t/ xfdL rfxG5f}+, pgL qmflGtsf/L ag'g\ qmflGtsf] em08f cufl8 a9fpg . clxn];Ddsf] ljsf;qmd x]bf{ pgL Tot}lt/ pGd'v l5g . xfdL ;Gt'i6 5f}+ .

;ft jif{kl5 ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5f]/f]sf] cg'xf/ x]g{ kf]v/fdf lktf ef]hk|;fb / dftf wd{s'df/Lsf cfFvf cft'/ 5g\ . t/ 8f=e§/fO{ eg] æaf–cfdfnfO{ e]6\g;d]t km';{b gePsf] atfpg'x'G5 . clxn] d cs}{, sfdsf nflu cfPsf] x'F, afcfdfnfO{ e]6\g ;do h'/fpg ;s]sf] 5}g, t/ cjZo e]6 x'G5Æ– pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

‘l/6fo8{ cfdL{’ eQmaxfb'/ e'h]n cr]n sxfF 5g\ s'lGg, hLljt 5g\ ls 5}gg\ Tof] klg yfxf 5}g . t/ e'h]n g} lyP 8f=e§/fO{sf k|yd u'?, h;n] sv/f l;sfPsf lyP pxfFnfO{ . uf]/vfsf] a]njf; ufpFdf cfwf ;do :s"n / cfwf ;do uf]7fnf] uP/ lat]sf] lyof] pxfFsf] afNosfn . vfsLsf] xfkm kfOG6 nufP/ ufpFeGbf lgs} k/sf] n'O6]n :s'n cyf{t\ cd/Hof]lt dfljdf pxfF k9\g hfg'x'GYof] . 3/af6 :s"n 6f9f ePsf]n] 8]/fdf a:g'x'GYof] pxfF . ;xkf7L lyP— 8f=pk]Gb| b]jsf]6f . 8f=e§/fO{ sIfdf k|yd 5fq x'g'x'GYof], pk]Gb| bf];|f] . ;+of]u klg s:tf], clxn] cfkm"nfO{ gofF ;Qfsf] k|ltlglw eGb} 8f=e§/fO{ ‘k'/fgf] ;Qf’ cyf{t\ jt{dfg ;/sf/;Fu jftf{ ug{ cfpg' ePsf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf Ps k|ltlglw x'g'x'G5— 8f=b]jsf]6f .

@)@& ;fnlt/ P;=Pn=;L=k"/f u/]kl5 8f=e§/fO{ sf7df8f}+ cfpg' eof] . d'n's Pp6} eP klg ufpF / zx/aLr cfsfz hldgsf] cGt/ b]v]/ 8f=e§/fO{ ltnldnfpg' ePsf] lyof] To;a]nf . cfO=P:;L=df pTs[i6 c+s NofP jfkt pxfFn] sf]nDaf] Knfg cGt/u{t 5fqj[lQ kfpg' eof] / l5g'{eof] ef/tlt/ . hxfF % jif{ Jofrn/ Og cf6{;, @ jif{ df:6/ Og 6fpg Knfg x'Fb} ljBfjfl/lw ug'{eof] .

tTsfnLg lg/s'+z k~rfotL Joj:yf lj?4sf] r]tgf / ef/tdf k9\g a:bf dhb'/ dflysf] zf]if0f pTkL8g b]v]/ pxfF æefuf] gxL+ b'lgofsf] abnf]Æ eGb} /fhgLltdf nfUg'ePsf] lyof] .

@)#$ ;fndf r08Lu9df clvn ef/tLo g]kfnL ljBfyL{ ;+u7g :yfkgf u/]/ 8f=e§/fO{n] ef/tdf /x]sf] ljBfyL{nfO{ k~rfot lj?4 uf]nj4 ug{ yfNg'eof] . To;a]nf d'n'sdf ufpFkms{ cleofg rnfOPsf] lyof], g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf aL=kL= sf]O/fnf d]nldnfksf] gLlt lnP/ :jb]z kms{g' ePsf] lyof] . To;}a]nf xf], 8f=e§/fO{sf] e]6 aL=kL= sf]O/fnf, lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf, u0f]zdfg l;+x, dgdf]xg clwsf/L, t'n;Lnfn cdfTo, df]xgljqmd l;+x cflb g]tfx?;+u ePsf] lyof] . t/ /fhgLlts ?kdf pxfF s'g} kf6L{df cfj4 eg] x'g'x'Gy]g . kl5 dfS;{jfb g} b'lgofFnfO{ a'em\g / abNg] ;j}eGbf ;';+ut lj1fg xf] eGg] cg'e"lt x'Fb} uof], d sDo'lgi6 kf6L{tkm{ cfslif{t eP— æ8f=e§/fO{n] eGg'eof] . To;a]nf sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngdf ljefhgsf] nx/ g} rn]sf] lyof] . emfkf ljb|f]xsf sf/0f tTsfnLg g]skf -dfn]_sf] ‘qm]h’ clxn]sf] dfcf]jfbLs} h:tf] lyof] . To;a]nf 8f=e§/fO{ ;'?df t dfn]k|lt cfslif{t x'g'ePsf] lyof] . t/ pxfFn] eGg'eof]— @)#^ ;fnlt/ k'Ubf dfn] klg blIf0fkGyL ;'wf/jfbL x'Fb} uPsf]n] To;a]nf ;fk]If ?kn] ;xL ljrf/ lnPsf] h:tf] nfu]/ rf}yf] dxflwj]zg ;d"xdf nfu]+ . kl5 rf}dsf] g]t[Tj klg ;'wf/jfblt/ 9Nsb} uof] .

@)$@ ;fnlt/ 8f=e§/fO{ v'nf /fhgLltdf ;+nUg x'g'x'GYof] . ‘lemNsf]’ gfds klqsf lgsfn]/ k~rfot lj/f]wL cfGbf]ngdf pxfF ;lqmo /xg' eof] . @)$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngdf sf+u|]; / jfddf]rf{ afx]s csf]{ Pp6f 5'§} ;d"x lyof]— ;+o'Qm /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;+of]hg ;ldlt . 8f=e§/fO{ Tof] ;ldltsf] k|jQmf x'g'x'GYof] .

ax'bn cfPkl5 pxfFsf] kf6L{ e"ldut g} /x\of], t/ ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{ gfds v'Nnf ;+u7g dfkm{t\ pxfFx?n] ;+;bLo lgjf{rgdf efu lng'eof] . 8f=e§/fO{ ;+of]hs /xg'ePsf] ;+hdf]n] @)$* ;fnsf] cfd lgjf{rgdf b'u{d kxf8L lhNnfaf6 gf} :yfg lht]sf] lyof] .

;ft jif{ nfdf] e"ldut hLjg lgs} s:6s/ /x\of] x}g < k|Zg ;'g]kl5 efj's x'Fb} 8f=e§/fO{n] eGg'eof]— b'Zdgsf] uf]nL yfk]/ alnbfg lbPsf, /ut aufPsf ;xof]4fx?sf cufl8 xfdLn] s] s:6 ef]u]sf 5f}+ / Û

e"ldut 5Fbf ;/sf/n] pxfFsf] 6fpsf]sf] df]n krf; nfv tf]s]sf] lyof] . 8f=e§/fO{n] eGg'eof]— d hgtfs} aLrdf lyPF . hgtfn] xfdLnfO{ slt dfof ubf{ /x]5g\ eGg] s'/f t o;}af6 k'i6L x'G5 ls krf; nfv lbG5' eGbf klg xfd|f s'g} ;fyL kqmfp k/]gg\ . a? emf]nfel/ 6fpsf] Nofp, emf]nfe/L k};f n}hfp eGg]sf] clxn] laNnLjfF7 ePsf] 5 .Æ

e"ldut /xFbf klg kmnfgf] ufpFdf afa'/fd cfPsf] 5 eGg] s'/f k|x/LnfO{ yfxf x'GYof] /] Û 8f=e§/fO{sf cg';f/ yfxf kfP/ klg k|x/L kqmfp ug{ ;Sb}gy] . pxfFn] eGg'eof]— d hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ;'/Iff 3]/fdf x'Gy]+, k|x/L Hofgsf] dfof df/]/ d ePsf] 7fpF;Dd cfpg 8/fpFy] .

JolQmut ?kdf aL=kL=b]lv lul/hf sf]O/fnf;Dd s;};+u s6'tfk"0f{ ;DaGw /x]g pxfFsf] kz'klt zdz]/b]lv dfwj g]kfn;Dd, sLlt{lglw lji6b]lv nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb / /d]zgfy kf08];Dd pxfFsf] ;DaGw /fd|f] 5 . ædnfO{ aL=kL= klg dg kYof]{, pxfFsf] cfkm\g} lehg lyof], t/ j}rfl/s ?kdf d pxfF;+u ;xdt lyOg\Æ, e§/fO{n] eGg'eof] .

clxn];Dd s'g} klg /fhfsf] ‘bz{g’ kfpg' ePsf] 5}g pxfF eGg'x'G5— k'/fgf] ;Qf;Fu jftf{ ug{ cfPsf]n] ca rflxF jftf{sf] qmddf /fhf;Fu e]6 x'g ;S5 .’

nfpg / vfgdf pxfFsf] ljz]if ?lr eGg] 5}g . h] e]l6G5 ToxL vfG5' h] h'5{ ToxL nfpF5', t/ dnfO{ dg kg]{ rfFxL /f]6L / t/sf/L xf] . pxfFn] eGg'eof]— æclxn];Dd d}n] cfkm"n] nufpg] s'g} klg n'ufx? lsg]sf] 5}g . nfpg dnfO{ h] kfP klg x''G5 /fd|f] g/fd|f]sf] dtnj 5}g . ;ft jif{ hu+n rxf/L klg pxfF /S;L / r'/f]6sf] ntdf kmF:g' ePg . æd tL lrhaf6 ;w}+ 6f9} /x]+Æ pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

hg;/sf/sf] k|d'v eO;Sg' ePsf 8f=e§/fO{nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|d'v slxn] x'g] < eg]/ k|Zg ubf{ eGg'eof]— æd k|wfgdGqL aGg] s'/f 7"nf] xf]Og . klxnf d'n'sdf cfd"n kl/jt{g xf];\, To;kl5 b]vf hfo]uf .Æ

rf8} g} e§/fO{sf] gofF s[lt kf7s dfem cfpFb}5 h;sf] zLif{s x'g]5 g]r/ ckm c08/ 8]enkd]G6 P08 l/hgn :6«Sr/ Og dflS;{:6 PgnfOl;; .

rlr{t k|;+u

s]bf/ ;'j]bL

dfcf]jfbLn] hgtfnfO{ s] 7fGbf/x]5g\ <

hgtfsf] 7fpF sxfF

dfcf]jfbLsf nflu hgtf sxfF /x]5g\ eGg] & jif{;Ddsf] e"ldut / Tof] sfndf ul/Psf xTof lx+;fsf 36gfaf6 kLl8t lgbf]{if ;j{;fwf/0f gful/ssf ;DaGwdf ul/Psf] Jojxf/n] b]vfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx? ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 / jftf{ 6f]nL ;d]t k|s6 ePsf] ljt]sf b'O{ xKtfdf logsf g]tfx?n] cfkm+}n] kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/], ljleGg /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfnfO{ 5'§f5'§} e]6] . Tof] e]6df gful/s ;dfhsf ljlzi7 JolQmTjx? klg lyP . To;kl5 ltgsf jftf{ 6f]nLsf k|To]s ;b:on] b]zsf ljleGg 7fpFdf cfd;ef u/]+ . /fhwfgLaf6 yflnPsf] Tof] cfd;ef wgu9L;Dd k'Uof] . of] qmddf hgtfsf xslxtsf] /Iff ug]{ Pp6}dfq tTj cfkm"x? dfq ePsf] eGg] ;Gb]z lbO/lxof] . t/ of] aLrdf ltgn] s'g} Ps 7fpFdf, Pp6f ;ef / e]63f6sf] Pp6f cj;/df tyf kqsf/ ;Dd]ngsf ;Gbe{df ljtl/t k|]; jQmJosf] Pp6f j'Fbf jf Pp6f nfOgdf klg cfd gful/sk|lt ltgsf sfo{stf{x?n] k'¥ofPsf] zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s Ifltsf af/] Ps zAb klg dfkmL dfu]sf] jf To;f] x'g uPsf] df cfkm"x? b'MvL ePsf] eGg] st} klg pNn]v ePsf] kfOPg . To:tf] dfkmL dufO{n] ltgn] df/]sf dfG5]x? Jo'Ftfpg] lyPgg\, hflga'emLsg ckf+u agfOPsfx?sf c+u ;+Unf x'g] lyPgg\ / Iflt t'NofOPsf] gful/sx?sf] ef}lts ;DklQ el/g] lyPg . t/ sDtLdf Tolt u/]lbPsf] eP ;DejtM hf] kLl8t lyP ltgsf dgdf s]xL xb;Dd /fxt k'UYof] xf]nf egL cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .

dfcf]jfbLaf6 h] hlt JolQmn] Hofg u'dfpg' k¥of] tL dWo]sf] 7"nf] ;+Vof lgbf]{if / Hofg} u'dfpg' kg]{ bogLo sfd u/]sf lyPgg\ eGg] tL 36gf hxfF h'g a]nf eP To;}a]nf klg dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf txsf g]tfx?n] e"njz To;f] ePsf] egL v08g ug]{ u/]sf lyP . To;sf] kl5Nnf] pbfx/0f lrtjgsf] e08f/fdf a;leq /x]sf JolQmnfO{ lhpFb} hnfOPsf] 36gf lnOof] eg] klg k'Unf . Tof] 36gfdf Pshgf * jifL{of jflnsf;lxt cfwfbh{g dfG5] hn]/ v/fgL ePsf lyP . Tof] 36gfsf nflu :jo 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ / k|r08n] jQmJo lbP/ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ To;/L xTof ug]{ cfkm\gf] gLlt gePsf], e"njz ;f] sfd x'g uPsf] egL Ps k|sf/sf] dfkmL g} dfluPsf] lyof] . To; cl3 / To;kl5 klg o:tf y'k|} 36gf ePsf 5g\ h;nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] lgbf]{if dfG5] egL dfl/;s]kl5 hgfpFg] ub}{ cfPsf lyP . Tof] ;do pxfFx? e"ldutd} x'g'x'GYof] . To;sf/0f To;/L lgbf]{if gful/s dfg]{ qmd /f]lsPsf] lyPg . o'4lj/fd e};s]kl5 klg lgbf]{if dfG5] dfg{ 5fl8Pg\ . tfKn]h'ª xf];\ ls ef]hk'/ jf df]/ª cyjf klZrdsf] ;'v]{tdf 36gfx? e}/x] . oBlk Tof] ;+Vofsf lx;fjn] eg] ;fgf] lyof] xf]nf . e"ldutaf6 k|s6 e};s]kl5 olb pxfFx? hgtfsf nflu hgtfsf] ljZjf;df /fhgLlt ug]{ xf}+ egL hgtfnfO{ ljZjf; lbnfpg vf]Hg' x'G5 eg] cfGtl/s x\boaf6 k|ikm'6g gePs} lsg gxf];\ sDtLdf b]vfj6Lsf nflu To:tf] e"njz ePsf sfdsf] k|folZrt u5f}{+ egL :jLsf/LPsf] eP sDtLdf oxf pbfx/0f lbOPsf] lrtjgsf] e08f/fdf a;leq hn]sL vft'g gfdsL tL aflnsfsf] cfdfafa'sf] dg s]xL yfldYof] ls < cfkm\gf] dfdf;Fu nfdf] ;do k/b]z a;]/ cfdfafa' e]6\g 3/ kmls{PsL tL aflnsf dfcf]jfbLsf] /fhgLlt;Fu slt kl/lrt lyOg\ / pgLx?n] JolQm xTofsf] lgx'F agfpFbf nufOg] u/]sf] ;'/fsLsf] dgu9Gt] cf/f]k;Fu klg oL aflnsf slt kl/lrt lyOgxf]nf eGg] pNn]v ul//xg' kb}{g . htfaf6 x]bf{ klg oL aflnsf lgbf]{if g} 5g\ Tof] dfcf]jfbLs} nflu klg k'i6L x'G5 . sDtLdf hgtfsf] /fhgLlt u5'{ eGb} ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 o:tf lgbf]{ifx?sf] xTofsf] sf/0f ag]sfx?n] Psk6s dfkmL dfUbf gf]S;fg x'g] s'/f s]xL lyPg . h:tf] 1ft c1ft zxLb egL ;+emgf ul/G5 To:t} c1ft lgbf]{ifsf] hLjg x/0f u/]kl5 dfcf]jfbLsf k]6df Tolt;Ddsf] bof /xFbf] /x]g5 eGg] sDtLdf of] a]nf;Dd rflx+ k'i6L e} g} /x]sf] 5 . bofljxLgtfsf] dfcf]jfbLsf] of] qm"/ :j?kdf slxn] kl/jt{gsf nIf0f b]vf knf{g\ eGg] clxn] ;fj{hlgs ePsf dfcf]jfbLsf jftf{ 6f]nLsf k|To]s ;b:osf] cg'bf/ 5foflrqdf xf];\ ls cfd;efh:tf 7fpFdf k|ToIf xf];\ hxf b]vf k5{ Pp6f ;j{;fwf/0f gful/sn] ToxL 5fk b]Vg] u/]sf] 5 . of] 5fknfO{ g;RofO{ hgtfsf gfpF lnP/ lx+8\g' / cem jftf{ cflbaf6 cu|ufdL sbdsf] jsfnt ul//xg' / !) ldg]6sf] efif0fdf ;oeGbf a9L k6s hgtfsf] gfpF lng'sf] cy{ s] /xFnf < dfcf]jfbLsf nflu hgtfsf] 7fpF oxL xf] t < pQ/ cfcf];\ olt g} sfdgf u/f}+ . hgtf;Fu dfcf]jfbLn] clxn];Dd dfkmL dfu]gg\, of] ;To xf] . t/ ;/sf/n] klg of] s'/f ljl;{of] . of] aLrdf dfcf]jfbLx?n] hlt ;j{;fwf/0f gful/s df/] ltgnfO{ pgLx?n] cfkm\gf] zq' 7fg]sf x'g ;S5g\ . oBlk s'g} klg /fhgLltdf ;j{;fwf/0f lg/Lx / lgxTyf hgtf s;}sf zq' x'g' kg]{ xf] . t/ dfcf]jfbLx?n] zq' dfg]/ g} df/]sf x'g ;Qm5g\ egL dfgf}+ . t/ /fHon] t To:tf] dfGotf /fVg ldNb}g . t/ of] k6s jftf{sf nflu e"ldutaf6 ;fj{hlgs ePsf] oltsf lbg;Dd ;/sf/ cyf{t /fHo ;~rfnsx?n] sDtLdf ljt]sf & jif{df h] hlt lgbf]{if / lg/Lx gful/s tkfO{x?af6 dfl/P ltgsf af/] cfkm"nfO{ ckm;f]r /x]sf] egL sDtLdf Psk6s ;fj{hlgs ul/lbgf];\ eGg] cfu|x;Dd ePsf] kfOPg . ;/sf/n] olt elglbPsf] eP dfcf]jfbLn] dfGy], dfGb}glyP eGg] 5'§} t/ of] b]zsf] ;/sf/ cyf{t of] a]nf hf] /fHo ;~rfnsdf 5g\ / h+undf a;]sfx?nfO{ of] b]zsf gful/ssf] lxtdf x'g] u/L ;x/ ptf/]sf] sfdsf] >]o lng vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ ltgk|lt ;j{;fwf/0fn] s]xL ljZjf; e/f]iff / ckgTjsf] efj JoQm ug]{ lyP xf]nfg\ . t/ o;f] x'g kfPg . dfcf]jfbLtkm{sf ;jf]{Rr txs} g]tf ljz]if k|sf/sf] 6f]nL;lxt ;fj{hlgs eP/ pgsf x/]s dfu h:t} ltgsf lj?4 cft+sjfbL ultljlwdf ;+nUg eGg] cf/f]k, ;"rgf lbg]nfO{ %) nfv;Ddsf] k'/:sf/, ljleGg d'2fx? :ylut / cft+ssf/L sfo{stf{ h]ndf k/]sf pgsf sfo{stf{x?sf] l/xfO{ tyf ;/sf/ zt{ ljgf jftf{ ug{ tof/ /x]sf] hgfO;s]kl5 dfcf]jfbLx?n] hgtfsf gfddf dfkmL dfUg s] cfklQ lyof] / ;/sf/n] Tolt;Dd dfu u/]g eGg] To;a]nfb]lv cfd gful/sdf p7]sf] k|Zgn] pQ/ kfPsf] 5}g . oxfFg]/ dfcf]jfbL h:t} ;/sf/ klg hgtfsf gfpFdf t/ ltgnfO{ lt/:sf/ ug]{ Pp6f cleo'Qm h:t} b]lvPsf] cj:yf clxn] 5 . ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L /x]sf] Pp6f ljifo xf] ;z:q k|x/L ;+u7gdf k|d'v s[i0fdf]xg >]i7 Pp6f lgtfGt lghL sfdsf ;Gbe{df cyf{t xltof/sf] s'g} uGw;d]t gcfpg'kg]{ sfd b}lgssf] k|ft e|d0fsf qmddf dfl/g' eof] . pxfF dfq xf]Og pxfFsf] cyf{t Tof] If]qeGbf leGg ?ksf] k|fWofkg k]zf cyf{t :s'nsL lzlIfsf lyOg\ Psfljxfg pxfFx? b'j}hgf dfl/g' eof] / Tof] dfg]{ JolQmx?sf] /fHon] klxrfg klg u¥of] . Tof] klxrfgdf k/]sf JolQmx? ;a}df k"0f{tf lyPg xf]nf . ;+Vof yk36 x'g ;Qm5 . t/ hlt hgf ;dfltP ltgn] ;fljlt aofg cyf{t pgLx?nfO{ cfkm"x?n] g} df/]sf xf}+ egL atfP kl5 tL cleo'Qm dfly s:tf] sfjf{xL x'g'kYof]{ xf]nf egL cg'dfg ug{ g Goflos If]qsf] 1fg ePsf] x'g' g k|x/L If]qs} / g /fHo ;~rfngsf] k|d'v 7fpFdf g} /x]sf] JolQm x'g'k5{ . tkfO{+ xfdL hf] sf]xL Pp6f ;j{;fwf/0fn] klg To:tf JolQm cyf{t xTof u/]sf] 5' egL ;fljtL aofg lbg] dfly sDtLdf cbfntL sf/jf{xL x'g}k5{ . To;f] ubf{ jftf{ efl8G5 eGb} ltgnfO{ dfkmL lbg yflnof] eg] kl/0ffd sNkgf ug{ ;lsG5 Tof] ;/sf/ jftf{sf gfpdf cfkm\gf bfloTj k"/f ug{af6 klG5/x]sf] 5 / kmn:j?k b]zdf v'nf ?kn] ePsf] xTof h:tf] h3Go sfo{ ug]{x?nfO{ k|f/lDes txsf];Dd sfjf{xL grnfO{ ltgLx?nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul//x]sf] 5 eGg] ;Gb]z b]zJofkL ?kdf km}ng k'U5 . clxn] ToxL ePsf] 5 . of] s'/f ;/sf/n] olb Tof] b]z / To;sf gful/sk|lt OdfGbf/ eP jftf{df cfpg]–csf]{ kIf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tfx?nfO{ klg slGeG; ug{ cfjZos 7fGbYof] xf]nf . s'g} klg b]zsf ;/sf/n] b]vfb]vL ?kd} cfkm\gf lgbf]{if gful/ssf] xTof ug]{ s'g} JolQmnfO{ o;/L 5f]8\g ;Qm}gxf]nf . t/ oxfF oxL a]nf Tof] klg eof] . PsxKtf cl3sf] Pp6f ;dfrf/ k9f}+ ToxfF elgPsf] 5– ;z:q k|x/Lsf cfOhLkL / pxfsL kTgL tyf c+u/IfsnfO{ k|fte|d0fdf /x]sf a]nf xTof ug]{ rf/hgf xTof/fx?nfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf] ljz]if cfu|xdf d'2f grnfpg lgb]{zg . rf/} hgf ;fdfGo tf/]vdf l/xf . of] ;dfrf/ PsxKtf cl3sf] dfq xf] . oL cleo'Qmx?nfO{ b]zsf] sfo{sfl/0fL txsf] ;jf]{Rr kbaf6 To:tf] sfjf{xL gug{ egL lbOPsf] lgb]{zg 36gfsf] b'O{ dlxgf kl5dfq ePsf] xf] .

b]zAofkL ?kdf rrf{ ePsf] / To;a]nf sl/j b]zg} :tAw /x]sf] of] xTofsf08sf cleo'Qmx?n] olt ;lhn} /fHosf] ;jf]{Rr lgsfoaf6 pGd'lQm kfP eGg] ;Gb]z b]zAofkL ?kdf dfcf]jfbLx?n] h;/L km}nfP To;af6 pgLx?nfO{ cyf{t o:tf xTofhGo 36gfdf cfkm\gf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ lg/Gt/ ;+nUg x'g k|f]T;fxg ldNnf . t/ /fHon] rflx s] kfpF5 / Pp6f ;j{;fwf/0f gful/sn] s] ;f]R5 eGg] k|Zg klg lg?Ql/t g} 5 . e"ldut ePsfx?n] Tof] a]nf u/]sf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] xTof h:tf] h3Go ck/fw ltgLx? ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 /fHon] saf]n lbPsf] of] pkxf/ ltgsf nflu s'g txsf] / cy{ nfUg] x'Fb}5 eGg] rflx+ cfkm}+ cg'dfg u/f}+ .

lgof]u c8] bn c8]gg

e"ldutaf6 aflx/ cfpgf;fy pgLx?n] :jb]zL eGbf ljb]zLk|lt ?lr b]vfPsf] ljifo To; a]nfb]lv rlr{t /x\of] . !% ut]sf] zlgaf/ cGt/f{li6«o ;efu[xdf ;fj{hlgs ePsf] dfcf]jfbLsf] jftf{ 6f]nL To;sf] nuQ} ;j{k|yd ljb]zL lgof]u / ltgsf dfWod;+u e]6\g vf]h]sf] To;}a]nf ;fj{hlgs ePsf] lyof] . ljb]zL kqsf/x?nfO{ e]6\g' k¥of], To;sf nflu s] ug'{k5{ < dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;b:o a'6jnaf6 /fhwfgL cfpgf;fy o:tf] k|Zg u/]sf lyP / To;sf] hjfkmdf Tof] a]nf pgLx? h;sf 3/df uPsf lyP— g]kfn jf/ Pzf]l;Pzgsf cWoIf l;Gw'gfy Kofs'/]nn] Tof] Joj:yf x'G5 lrGtf dfGg' kb}{g egL cfZj:t kf/]sf lyP egL To;}a]nf ;fj{hlgs ePsf] lyof] . To;sf] nuQ} dfcf]jfbLx?n] g]kfnl:yt s"6gLlts lgof]ux?df ‘cfkm"x?;Fu jftf{ ug{’ egL kqfrf/ u/]5g\ To;sf] hfgsf/L ljt]sf] xKtf cd]l/sf / a]nfotsf /fhb"tfjf;n] u/fP . a]nfotsf] /fhb"tfjf;n] dfcf]jfbL;Fu e]63f6 gug]{ lg0f{o g} u/]sf] egL hgfof] eg] cd]l/sL lgof]un] cfkm\gf] lgof]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/LnfO{ dfg]{ dfG5] dfcf]jfbLn] ;'k'b{uL gu?~h]n ltgLx?;fu ge]6\g] gLlt /x]sf] hgfof] . x]l/of];\ pQm b"tfjf;sf] lat]sf] xKtf ;fj{hlgs ePsf] ;dfrf/ .

cd]l/sL b"tfjf; cyf{t To;sf] lgof]udf sfd ug]{ h;nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] dfl/Psf elgPsf] lyof] ltgLx? g]kfnL gful/s lyP . cd]l/sL lgof]usf JolQmx?n] eg] klxn] dfcf]jfbL g]tfx?n] tL JolQmsf] xTofsf ;Gbe{df dfkmL dfUg'k5{ To;kl5 dfq cd]l/sL lgof]u ltgLx?;Fu e]6\b5 . sDtLdf Tof] lgof]un] of] s'/f p7fof] . cyf{t\ xTofsf] ;Gbe{ slt uDeL/ /x]5 eGg] of] Pp6f ljj/0fn] b]vfof] . t/ b'ef{Uo egf}+ g]kfnsf s'g} klg /fhgLlts bnn] olt 7"nf] ;+:yfdf g]kfnL dfl/Psf] 36gf h;df ljleGg kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ dfl/Psf lyP . tL kf6L{x?n] dfcf]jfbL;Fu lgbf]{if hgtfsf] xTof ePsf] cj:yfk|lt pgLx?n] ;fdfGo ?kdf dfkmL dfUg cfu|x;d]t u/]sf kfOPg . g]kfnL sf+u|]; xf];\ ls Pdfn] cyjf /fk|kf jf To:t} cGo bn . ;a};Fu o; aLr dfcf]jfbLx?n] e]6] . of] ;dfrf/ ;fj{hlgs e};s]sf 5g\ . lat]sf ;ft jif{df ;a}eGbf a9L dfG5] dfl/g]df g]kfnL sf+u|];sf sfo{stf{ 5g\ oL b'O{ kf6L{ s]xL cl3;Dd ;Qf?9 / k|d'v k|ltkIfLdf lyP . ltgsf ToxL x}l;otdf /xFbf pgsf sfo{stf{ Tof] ?kdf dfl/Psf x'g\ . /fk|kfb]lv cGo ;a} kf6L{x?n] o; cl3 dfcf]jfbLaf6 cfkm\gf slt sfo{stf{ dfl/P eGg] ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs ul/;s]sf 5g\ . t/ tL s;}n] klg cfkm\gf sfo{stf{ dfl/Psf ;Gbe{df dfcf]jfbLsf] of] jftf{6f]nL;Fu k|Zg p7fpg cfjZos 7fg]gg\ . s]xL cl3 ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{ g]kfnn] cfkm\gf sfo{stf{ dfl/Psf]df dfcf]jfbLn] dfkmL gdfu] ltgLx?;Fu e]63f6 gug]{ egL gLlt agfPsf] lyof] . t/ Tof] gLlt klg nfdf] ;do;Dd l6Sg ;s]g . dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf] k"0f{ :j?k ;fj{hlgs eP/ To;n] ljleGg kf6L{x?;fu e]63f6 ubf{sf] cj;/df klxn] To:tf] dfkmL dfUg' kg]{ gLlt agfpg] kf6L{ ;d]t ;a} /fhgLlts bnx? of] ;Gbe{df df}g g} /x]sf 5g\ . g]skf Pdfn] dfcf]jfbLx?af6 sfo{stf{sf] xTof ;Gbe{df pRr txsf] Iflt Joxf]g]{dWo] k5{ . of] kf6L{n] @)%^ sf] cfd r'gfj ;Gbe{df cflwsfl/s pDd]bjf/ tf]s]sf] JolQm -ob' uf}td_nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] r'gfj k|rf/ ul//x]sf a]nf v'nf ?kdf xTof u/]sf lyP . To;kl5 Tof] kf6L{n] ;f]xL If]qdf pgsL kTgLnfO{ pDd]bjf/ agfof] . pgn] lhltg . cyf{t\ gful/sx? s] rfxbf /x]5g\ eg] of] hgdt h:t} lyof] . kl5Nnf] pbfx/0f g]kfnL sf+u|]; k|hftflGqssf eQmk'/ lhNnf ;efklt /fw]Zofd hf]G5]nfO{ lnP x'G5 . pgL dfcf]jfbLsf] uf]nL k|xf/af6 3fOt] eP/ pkrf/ u/fO{ of] xKtf dfq 3/ kmls{Psf 5g\ . t/ pgL hLjge/sf nflu ckf· eP . ;f; 5 lhp rNb}g . clxn] pgL oxL cj:yfdf 3/df al;/x]sf 5g\ . pgL c:ktfndf /x]s} a]nf cyf{t\ oxL xKtf Tof] kf6L{sf ;efklt z]/axfb'/ b]pjf;Fu dfcf]jfbLsf] of] jftf{ 6f]nLn] e]6]sf] ;dfrf/ ;fj{hlgs eof] . To;df w]/} s'/f eP5g\ t/ hf]G5] nufotsf sfo{stf{dfly ePsf] cfqmd0fsf] ;Gbe{df Tof] a]nf PszAbsf] pRrf/0f ePsf] eGg] ;dfrf/ cfPg . To:t} /fk|kfsf g]tf;Fu klg dfcf]jfbLsf] of] jftf{ 6f]nLn] e]6\of] . Tof] a]nf k|wfgdGqL / ;/sf/sf ;Gbe{df w]/} s'/f eP . t/ To;n] dfcf]jfbLaf6 Hofblt ePsf] egL sl/a Ps jif{ cl3 n]v]sf] kq / To;df p7fOPsf] ljj/0f jftf{sf] of] qmddf dfcf]jfbLx?;Fu p7fOPg .

cfkm\gf sfo{stf{sf] qm"/td xTofsf ;Gbe{df hf] JolQm hxFF dfl/P / h;sf sfo{stf{ lyP ltgn] Tof] a]nf lgsfn]sf jQmJo kl9of] eg] dfcf]jfbLk|lt oL kf6L{x? slt qm'4 5g\ / cfkm\gf sfo{stf{sf] xTofk|lt slt lrlGtt 5g\ eg] b]vfpF5 . t/ of] a]nf To;/L xTof ug]{ JolQmsf g]tfx? tL kf6L{ ;fd' cfkm}+ k|s6 x'Fbf To; ;Gbe{df Ps zAb gaf]lnPsf] cyf{t\ . sDtLdf klg Psk6s Tof] xTof af/] Psk6s df}lvs ?kdf eP klg dfUg cfu|x;Dd gul/Psf] cj:yfn] tL kf6L{sf To;a]nfsf jQmJox? slt ;Dj]bgljxLg /x]5g\ eGg] b]vfpFb}g <

dfcf]jfbLnfO{ klg bn rflxbf]/x]5

b]zdf bnLo /fhgLltk|lt df}lvs k|ltj4tf b]vfO/lxP klg bnx?sf] dfgdb{g ug]{ sfd 5fl8Psf] lyPg . Tof] sfd emg r/ddf k'Ub} u/]sf] a]nf cyf{t\ b]zdf j}wflgs zf;g k4lt gePsf] a]nf dfcf]jfbLx?n] h+un 5f8\g ?rfP / To:tf] ;/sf/af6 cfkm\gf ;a} dfu k"/f x'g] ck]Iff u/] . ltgn] ;'vsf lbgdf JoQm u/]sf k|ltj4tf / ;QfkIfn] /fhgLlts bnx?sf] e"ldsfnfO{ uf}0f kfg]{ sfd sl/a ;Fu;Fu} ePsf lyP . t/ To;/L h+unaf6 lgl:sP/ v'nf ;dfhdf cfPsf] s]xL lbgleq} dfcf]jfbLnfO{ nfu]5— b]zdf ;/sf/ cyf{t\ clxn]sf] ;QfkIfaf6 7"nf] if8\oGq e}/x]5, if8\oGq ul/b}5 . klxn] kf6L{x?n] ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] o'4lj/fd / jftf{ kf/bzL{ gePsf] cf/f]k nufPsf lyP . Tof] cf/f]k clxn];Dd sfod} 5 . pgLx? cem} ToxL dfu ul//x]sf 5g\— ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr o'4lj/fd / jftf{ k|:tfj kf/bzL{ cyf{t\ ;a}n] a'em\g;Sg] / s;}n] z+sf ug'{kg]{ l:yltdf gul/of];\ . To;nfO{ ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] 9+un] hjfkm lbO/x]sf] lyof] . h'g hjfkm hjfkm g} lyPg . cyf{t jftf{sf] ljifo s] xf], s'g s'/fdf s] zt{df s:tf] ;+emf}tf x'g] xf] eGg] ;/sf/L kIfaf6 Go'gtd hfgsf/L klg u/fOPsf] lyPg / 5}g . dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/aLr o'4lj/fd klxn] s]xL ;+emf}tf ePsf /x]5g\ eGg] To;kl5 qmdzM ;fj{hlgs x'Fb}uP / Tof] qmd cem} hf/L 5 . oxLaLr dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfkm" ;fj{hlgs eP/ jftf{sf nflu /fhwfgL cfO;s]kl5 klg ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf dfusf af/] s]xL gu/]sf] u'gf;f] cl3 ;fb}{ uDeL/ if8\oGqsf] cfef; lbFb} ;/sf/ cyf{t jt{dfg ;QfkIf lj?4 ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ng ug{ kf6L{x?nfO{ u'xfg{ yfn]sf 5g\ . of] xKtf dfcf]jfbLåf/f cfof]lht ljleGg 7fpFdf v'nf hg;efx?df pgLx?n] JoQm u/]sf wf/0ff x]l/of];\, kf]v/fdf kqsf/x?;Fu s'/f ub}{ dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf tyf ltgsf jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;+of]hs 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] ug'{ ePsf] cfx\jfg kl9of];\ . ToxfF pxfn] eGg'eof]– jftf{ kf/bzL{ ePg, ;/sf/ uDeL/ k8\oGq ub}{5 To;sf lj?4 ;a} /fhgLlts bnx? Ps eP/ cufl8 a9\g' kg]{ cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . if8\oGq hf];+u h;n] u/] klg cflv/ if8\oGq g} x'G5 . klxn] /fhgLlts bnx?k|lt To:tf] Jojxf/ ul/of] eGg] Pp6f s'/f ug]{ rflx+ csf]{ ;DejtM if8\oGqsf] ;"q oxL xf] . olta]nf b]zdf ToxL e}/x]sf] 5 . c;f]h !* kl5sf slt j6f cf}krfl/s ;df/f]x eP Tof] ;+Vofdf r}q @! sf] wgu9L clegGbgsf cleJolQm hf]l8of];\ . >L % af6 x/]s o:tf ;df/f]xdf ax'bnLo Joj:yf / ;Dj}wflgs /fhtGqk|lt cfkm" k|ltj4 /x]sf] g} hgfO{ alS;Psf] 5 . t/ >L % af6 kl5Nnf] k6s wgu9Ldf To:tf] ;Daf]wg ePsf] t];|f] lbgb]lv b]zsf] sfo{sfl/0fL lgsfo ;/sf/ km]l/ Psk6s cj}wflgs ePsf] 5 . clxn] ToxL cj}wflgs ;/sf/ ljBdfg 5 . To;nfO{ jt{dfg ;+ljwfg cyf{t ax'bnLo k4lt / ;Dj}wflgs /fhtGq d"ndGq /x]sf] ;+ljwfgdf /x]sf] lnlvt k|fjwfg cg'?k t'NofOPsf] 5}g . ;+ljwfgdf k|wfgdGqL / dGqLx?sf] Go'gtd of]Uotf tf]lsPsf] 5 . Tof] of]Uotf eg]sf] k|wfgdGqL k|ltlglw;efsf] ;b:o x'g}kg]{ / cGo dGqLx? ^ dlxgfleq b'O{dWo] s'g} Pp6f ;+;bsf] ;b:o x'g} kg]{ k|fjwfg 5 . jt{dfg k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm x'g' ePsf] ^ dlxgf ljlt;Sof] . pxff :jod k|ltlglw;efsf] ;b:o x'g'x'Gg eg] oxL r}q @$ ut]b]lv ;/sf/sf dGqLx? klg Tof] k|fjwfg adf]lhd c;Dj}wflgs e};s]sf 5g\ . / ToxL c;Dj}wflgs l:yltd} ;/sf/ rln/x]sf] 5 .

h+unaf6 lgl:sPsf dfcf]jfbLx?n] of] l:yltnfO{ ;'?df :jLsf/] . t/ b]zdf j}wflgs /fhg}lts bnx?n] :jLsf/]sf lyPgg\ . dfcf]jfbLx? o:tf] ;/sf/n] cfkm"nfO{ RofKg] bfjLdf lyP . To;}sf/0f xf]nf /fhgLlts bnx?sf] s'g} x}l;ot gePsf], ltgLx? ca cfkm"x?sf] OR5fdf lge{/ xg] bfjL ul//x]sf lyP . t/ lbg ljTb} hfbf cGttM dfcf]jfbL klg ca kf6L{x?nfO{ u'xfg{ jfWo eP . cyf{t h+unaf6 lgsfn]/ Nofpg] Psnf}6L >]o lng vf]Hg] ;/sf/n] To;kl5 s] ug]{ eGg] cGof}+nnfO{ d]6\g ;s]g dfq xf]Og dfcf]jfbLnfO{ /fhgLlts bnx?sf] z/0fdf k'Ug jfWo;d]t agfPsf] cj:yf b]lvof] . dfcf]jfbLsf cleJolQm x]l/of] eg] h'g;'s} s'/f 5f8]/ jftf{df a:g tof/ /x]sf b]lvG5 . t/ ;/sf/n] jftf{ 6f]nL ;d]t lgdf{0f ug{ cfjZos 7fg]g . o'4lj/fd -df3 !%_ sf ljt]sf] sl/j &% lbg o;/L g} ljt]sf 5g\ . otf Ps lbgdf ;/sf/df @@ hgf dGqLn] ;/sf/ :yfoL zflGt :yfkgf ug{ xflb{stfk"j{s nfu]sf] egL JolQm lkR5] !@ k6s;Dd bf]xf]¥ofpg] u/]sf ;dfrf/ rflx+ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . ;DejtM af]nL / Jojxf/df :ki6} b]lvg]u/L leGgtf cfPsf] of] klg Pp6f gd"gf x'g'k5{ . sl/j sl/j b]zdf /fhgLlts bnx?sf] e"ldsf / dxTj s] /x]5 eGg] ca k|i6 5b}5 . ;j{;fwf/0fn] klg of] s'[/f a'em\g yfn]sf 5g\ .

hgtfn] cfkm}+ dg{ cfb]z b]nf <

dfcf]jfbLx? clxn] hgtfeQm ePsf 5g\ . pgLx?sf cg';f/ hgtfn] cx|fP eg] cfkm"x? km]l/ h+un kms{G5f}+ . dfcf]jfbLsf hgtf sf] x'g\ clxn] x/]s gful/s oxL k|Zg ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] aLrdf dfcf]jfbL hlt dfl/P To;dWo] l/kf]6{x? x]l/of];\, hgtfn] Ps hgfnfO{ klg df/]sf 5}gg\ . ckjfb afx]s . t/ dfcf]jfbLn] hlt df/] tL hgtf g} lyP, ;'/IffsdL{ afx]s . pgLx? cfkm}+n] o:tf] o'4 rfx]sf x'g\ eGg] cfkm}+ k|i6 5 . t/ hgtfn] dfG5] dfg]{ o'4sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf xf]Ogg\ . pgLx?;Fu xltof/ klg lyPg / ePsf klg ;/sf/nfO{ a'emfpg tof/ eP . To:tf gful/s cyf{t\ hgtf ljt]sf & jif{df slt dfl/P / ltgLx? dg'{ kg]{ sf/0f Tof] le8Gtdf xf];\ ls dWo/ftdf PSsfl; cfqmd0faf6 To;df dfcf]jfbL g} x'g\ eGg] cfkm}+ k|i6 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] :jLsf/ u/] klg gu/] klg of] ;To xf] . dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfkm\gf vf; lsl;dsf hgtf hGdfPsf / ltgsf] /Iffy{ o;f] u/]sf x'g\ eg] cnu s'/f xf] . t/ of] a]nf;Dd ltgsf vf; lsl;dsf hgtf egL st} ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5}g . To;f] xf] eg] km]l/ hgtfn] ltdL h+un hfpF / xfdLnfO{ dfg{ yfn] egL cg'dlt b]nfg\ < Tof] cg'dlt s:tf] xf]nf / Tof] hgtf s} cg'dlt xf] egL hfFRg] s;L s] xf] dfcf]jfbLsf cleJolQmaf6 clxn] o:tf] k|Zg hlGdPsf] 5 . oltv]/ dfcf]jfbLsf sDtLdf of] a]nf;Dd ;fj{hlgs ePsf x/]s g]tfx? hgtf eGg] zAbnfO{ Pslbgdf ;ok6s hlt pRrf/0f ul//x]sf 5g\ . To;nfO{ dfGg] xf] eg] ltgLx? Pp6f ljz]if k|sf/sf] h:tf] ls klxn] cyf{t\ ax'bnLo k4lt :yfkgf x'g'cl3 /fhf / k|hf elgGYof] To:t} ju{df cfkm"nfO{ kl/ro u/fpg yfn]sf dfGg'kg]{ x'G5 . dfcf]jfbLsf hgtf egL s'g} gful/sn] cfkm"nfO{ kl/ro u/fpg rfx]g eg] To;sf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ dfly k|Zg nfUg] t xf]Og < ltgsf g]tfx?sf of] a]nf ;fj{hlgs e}/x]sf cleJolQmx?n] o:tf] k|Zg klg pAhfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . hgtf s;}sf xf]Ogg\, ltgLx? cfkm}+ / of] b]zsf] ;+ljwfgn] Joj:yf u/]sf] ;fj{ef}d cyf{t\ cfkm\gf nflu cfkm}+ lg0f{o ug]{ tTj zlQm jf h] egf} x'g\ eGg] s'/f cfkm}+ l;4 5 . t/ h+unaf6 lgl:sPsf dfcf]jfbLx?n] of] oyfy{nfO{ v'nf ePsf lbgb]lv of] a]nf;Dd klg dfGg tof/ /x]sf kfOPg . To;} xf] eg] ltgsf ;+3if{ / pgn] xTof u/fPsf cfkm\gf sfo{stf{x?sf] olt 7"nf] ;+:yfsf] jlnbfg s] sf nflu t < csf]{ k|Zg klg oxLaLr plAhG5 . cfkm\gf cleJolQmaf6} hgtf eg]sf zfl;t x'g] / cfkm"x? eg]sf] zf;g ug]{ ljz]if ju{sf ?kdf ;'?d} k|:t't ug{ yfn]kl5 To;sf] ;Qf s:tf] xf]nf cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . clxn] oxL e}/x]sf] 5 . cf/f]k nufOPsf] h:tf] nfU5 eg] pxfFx?sf lat]sf !% lbgdf ;fj{hlgs ePsf ljleGg 7fpFsf cleJolQmx? Ps 7fpFdf /flvof];\ . To;kl5 oxL s'/f k'i6L x'G5 . gq jf:tjd} hgtfsf nflu pgLx?n] of] a]nf;Dd s] s'/f p7fP / hgtfsf kIfdf x'g] s'g c8fgdf pgLx? sfod 5g\— lx+;f, xTof cyf{t\ xltof/af6 hGdfOPsf] cft+s afx]s eGg] pbfx/0f vf]lhof] eg] ;fj{hlgs ePsf lbgx?df klg Tof] kfpg ;lsb}g . of] ljifo v8\lsbf] nfU5 eg] o;kl5sf lbgdf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx?n] hjfkm b]nfg\ egL ck]Iff u/f}+ . dfG5] / ds}sf] 3'gdf cGt/ x'G5 . t/ dfcf]jfbLsf g]tfx?n] dfG5]nfO{ 3'gdf t'ngf ug{ cem} 5f]8\g' ePsf] 5}g . pbfx/0fdWo] sf]xL;Fu k|Zg ugf]{;\— kmnfgf] dfG5] lsg dfl/of] < pxfFx?sf] pQ/ x'g]5— ds} lk4f v'g klg k5{g\ . clxn];Dd w]/} k6s pxfFx?n] ToxL hjfkm lbb} cfpg' ePsf] 5 . km]l/ Psk6s ;f]wf}+— kmnfgf] dfG5] lsg dfl/of]— pxfFx? km]l/ klg dfG5]nfO{ ToxL 3'gsf] pbfx/0f lbg'xf]nf . cfzf u/f}+ ca To;f] gxf]nf .

clen]v

>L % 1fg]Gb|sf] wgu9L ;Daf]wg

pkl:yt Kof/f b]zjf;Lx?

g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;'b"/klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]qsf] wgu9Ldf cfO{ Kof/f hgtfsf] :g]xo'Qm ;fdLKodf /xg kfpFbf xfdLnfO{ v'zL nfu]sf] 5 . /fhf / hgtfaLr k/:k/ cfTdLotf / ljZjf;sf] w/ftndf x'ls{Psf] 3lgi7 ;DaGw g} df}lns g]kfnLkg xf] . /fh;+:yfdf hgtfsf] k"0f{ cf:yf tyf hgtfk|lt /fh;+:yfsf] k"0f{ ;dk{0fn] g} Oltxf;sf] k|To]s sfnv08df g]kfnn] cfkm\gf :jfledfgnfO{ hf]ufP/ :jtGq klxrfg cIf'0o /fVg ;s]sf] xf] . Kof/f b]zjf;Laf6 kfPsf] :g]x / lgi7fn] g} xfdLnfO{ dft[e"ld / hgtfsf] lxtdf PslrQ eP/ ;bf ;dlk{t /xg] k|]/0ff k|fKt ePsf] s'/f k'gM bf]x¥ofpg rfxG5f}+ . nf]s;Ddlt cg';f/ rNg' /fh;+:yfsf] ckl/jt{gLo k|lta4tf xf] . o;} cg';f/ ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfnfO{ ;'vL agfpg', o'jfk':tfnfO{ pHHjn eljiok|lt cfZj:t t'Nofpg' / g]kfnnfO{ ljZj;d'bfodf ;Ddfgk"0f{ :yfg lbnfpg' g} xfd|f] Psdfq rfxgf /x]sf] 5 .

ljsf;sf] b[li6n] g]kfn clw/fHosf cGo efux?sf] t'ngfdf k5fl8 k/]sf] o; ;'b"/klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]qsf] ;jf{·L0f{ ljsf;nfO{ xfdLn] pRr k|fyldstf lbg} kb{5 . jf:tjdf b]z ljsf;sf] sfo{df Wofg s]lGb|t ug{ lgSs} ca]/ eO;s]sf] 5 . xfdL;Fu} ljsf;sf] kfOnf ;fg{ yfn]sf b]zx? w]/} cl3 al9;s] . t/, xfdL cem} kl5 g} 5f}+ . xfd|f clwsf+z hgtfn] clxn] klg /f]u, ef]s / clzIffsf] kL8fo'Qm hLjg latfpg' kl//x]sf] 5 .

k|zf;gn] hgd'vL ;+:sf/ u|x0f ug{ ;sf];\ / /fhgLltn] g}lts d"NonfO{ ;dfhdf k|lt:yflkt ug{ ;sf];\ eGg] clek|fon] ut k'; dlxgfdf k"jf{~rnjf;L Kof/f b]zjf;Lx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ubf{ xfdLn] ahf/d'vL cy{tGq, ;'zf;g, kf/blz{tf / e|i6frf/d'Qm ljlwsf] zf;gnfO{ /fli6«o Ph]G8f agfpg}kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf lyof}+ .

ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs Joj:yfdf xfdL ;a}sf] k"0f{ k|ltj4tf /x]sf]n] ca s;/L, ;s];Dd l56f] b]z / b]zjf;LnfO{ pGgltsf] lzv/df k'¥ofpg] eGg] k|Zgdf g} ;a}sf] Wofg s]lGb|t x'g'kb{5 . o;sf nflu k"j{ zt{ ag]sf] zflGtnfO{ :yfloTj lbg] lgi7fk"0f{ k|of; x'g' kb{5 . k|f/De eO;s]sf] zflGt k|lqmof ;kmn t'Nofpg g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] dfof ug]{ ;a} JolQm, /fhgLlts bn / gful/s ;dfhn] Odfgbf/Lk"j{s of]ubfg lbg'kb{5 . o;df st} s;}af6 ult/f]w pTkGg ug]{ k|of; ePdf g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgf k|lts"n x'g hfg]5 .

b'ef{Uojz, cfh ljZj c;lhnf] cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . o;a]nf xfdLnfO{ /fli6«o Pstfsf] a9L dxTj 5 . cfh g]kfn / g]kfnL;dIf Pp6} ljsNk 5 . Tof] xf] o; lg0ff{os 38Ldf ;a} ldn]/ b]znfO{ ljgfz x'gaf6 hf]ufcf}+ . gq eg] Oltxf;af6 ckufn vfP/ eljiosf k':tfx?;dIf nlHht x'g'kg]{ x'G5 . ;'zf;g, e|i6frf/d'Qm k|zf;g, hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL hgtfsf] jf:tljs zf;g Kof/f b]zjf;Lx?n] kfpg} kb{5 eGg] xfd|f] ;+sNk 5 . xfdL rfxG5f}+ s;}n] klg, s'g} klg ufpF jf lhNnfn], ;Dk|bfo jf hfltn] pk]lIft ePsf] cg'ej ug]{ gk/f];\ . oL hglxtsf/L nIox? ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs zf;g Joj:yf cGtu{t /fhgLlts bnx?sf] ;lqmo ;+nUgtf / lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx?sf] dftxtdf xfl;n xf]pm\g . cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfon] g]kfnsf] ;du| cj:yfdf clxn] eO/x]sf] ;'wf/sf k|of;df km]l/ e/f];f /fVg yfn]sf 5g\ . o;nfO{ v]/ hfg lbg'x'Fb}g .

ax'bnLo Joj:yfdf j}rfl/s dtleGgtf / k|lt:kwf{ x'g' :jfefljs} xf] . t/ o;sf] ldngljGb' b]zelQm x'g'kb{5 . b]z / hgtfsf nflu ;dlk{t /xg] /fh;+:yf / /fi6«elQmsf] ;+:sf/ ePsf hgtf g} g]kfnsf] Oltxf;sf] uf}/jdo ctLt xf], oxL g} jt{dfg / eljio klg xf] .

cGTodf, cfh o; ;df/f]xdf cfof]hsx? tyf oxfF pkl:yt Kof/f b]zjf;Lx? ;a}nfO{ xfdL tyf xfd|f a8fdxf/fgLsf tkm{af6 xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxG5f}+ .

>L kz'kltgfyn] xfdL ;a}sf] sNof0f u?g .

ho g]kfn Û

ldltM @)%(÷!@÷@!÷^

dgsf] uf“7f]
/fhgLlts bnx?sf] ;xof]u cfjZostf 5

uf]kfnaxfb'/ zfx

d'n's xTof lx+;f k|lt–lx;f+af6 u|:t ag]/ /Qms'08df kl/0ft eO/x]sf] a]nf zflGtsf] :yfkgf /fli6«o cfjZostf / dfu b'j} xf] . To;sf/0f /fHo / dfcf]jfbLn] k8\sfpg] aGb'sn] 3fOt] / kLl8t ag]/ t;]{sf hgtfn] o'4lj/fd / jftf{, k|;+unfO{ :jfut ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] kl/l:yltdf ;fd"lxs k|oTgsf] cefjdf k|ltufdL / dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] xn c;Dej ag]sf] 5 . of] a]nfdf ;/sf/eGbf cufl8 a9]/ dfcf]jfbLx?n] /fhgLlts bnx?;Fu ;DaGw / ;+jfbnfO{ emg} cufl8 a9fpg ;s]df g} ;/sf/ dfcf]jfbL jftf{nfO{ ;fy{s / kl/0ffd'vL agfpg ;lsG5 . t/ clt u+eL/ laifodf dfcf]jfbLx?n] a'l4 k'¥ofpg'sf] ;§f cfkm\gf] ;fdflhs kmfF;LjfbL ?emfgnfO{ cufl8 a9fO/x]sf 5g\ / pgLx?n] ;/sf/eGbf cufl8 a9]/ /fhgLlts bnnfO{ Pp6f lsQfdf ;fd]n x'g}kg]{ eg]/ h'g r'gf}tLk"0f{ efif0f af]nL /x]sf 5g\, h'g efiff dfcf]jfbLs} nflu cfTdf3ftL efiff xf] . lsgeg] d'n'sdf clxn] pTkGg ePsf] hl6n ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] / dfcf]jfbLsf] jftf{df dfq lge{/ 5}g, To;df /fhgLlts bnx?sf] pkl:ylt ;dem\bf/L / ;xof]usf] cfjZostf 5 . To;sf nflu plrt jftfj/0f agfpg' eg]sf] klxnf] ;d:ofsf] ?kdf b]vf k/]sf] k|ltufdL ;d:ofnfO{ xn u/]/ d'n'sdf k|hftflGqs kl/kf6Lsf] :yfkgf ug'{ xf] . ckxl/t k|hftflGqs clwsf/sf] axfnL eof] eg] dfq jftf{nfO{ cu|ufdL lbzfdf cufl8 a9fpg] cfwf/e"ld tof/ x'g]5 . cGoyf ;/sf/sf] k|ltufdL dfgl;stf / dfcf]jfbLx?sf] ;}GoafbL cx+sf/ sfod /fv]/ @)$& ;fnsf] /Iffsf] kIfdf plePsf /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ afOkf; ug{ yflnof] eg] ;d:of ;'Nemg] xf]Og emg\ aNemg] 5 / eljiodf yk hl6n kl/l:ylt pTkGg x'g]5 . dfcf]jfbLx?n] ;~rfng u/]sf] c/fhstfjfbL lqmofsnfkn] k|ltudgsf] h+hL/ alnof] agfpg ;xof]u k'lu/x]sf] 5 . t/ cem} klg dfcf]jfbL ldqx? 7f]; kl/l:yltsf] 7f]; ljZn]if0fsf cfwf/df lsg rNg ;Sb}gg\ < ha Pp6f sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] cfTdfut / a:t'ut kIfnfO{ pk]Iff u/]/ dgf]utjfbL tl/sfn] lgsif{x? lgsfNg yfNb5, To;kl5 sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ng bflxg] jf b]a|] cltjfbsf] lzsf/ aGb5 . dgf]utjfbL bz{gs} sf/0fn] cfh ljZj sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ng Ps jf bf];|f] k|sf/sf] cltjfbsf] lzsf/ ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLx? Psflt/ ;+;b\jfbL zlQm jtfP/ lg/+s'ztfsf lj?4 /fhgLlts bnx?;Fu ldn]/ cufl8 a9\g] s'/f klg ;+u;+u} p7fO/x]sf 5g\ eg] csf]{lt/ lg/+s'ztfsf] lj?4 ;+3if{ ug]{ d~rdf c? bnx?eGbf dfly /fv]/ cfkm"nfO{ pEofPsf 5g\ / /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ Pp6f lsQfdf ;fd]n x'g} kg]{ / ;fd]n gePdf vt/f k}bf x'g] r'gf}tL lbPsf 5g\ . clxn] aGb's lj;fP/ jftf{df cfPsf jvtsf] of] cleJolQm dfcf]jfbL ;d"xsf] /fhgLlts cleJolQm geP/ ;}GojfbL cx+sf/ xf] . lxhf]sf lbgx?df dfcf]jfbL a6flnogx?n] ls dfcf]jfbL ag ls /fhfjfbL ag eg]/ hgtfnfO{ lgb]{zg / cfb]z lbFb} lx+8]sf lyP . lxhf]sf lbgx?n] k|ltudgsf/L if8\oGqsf lj?4sf] ;+3if{nfO{ ‘:ofn x'Oof’ >L % jL/]Gb|;Fu c3f]lift sfo{ut Pstf, xf]n]/L 36gfkZrft b/af/nfO{ xf]Og /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ cfqmd0f ug]{ dfcf]jfbLsf] yf]/} cufl8sf] ljutnfO{ x]bf{ / cfhsf] cleofgnfO{ s]nfpFbf dfcf]jfbLx?n] k|ltudgsf lj?4 ;+3if{df cfkm"nfO{ cl3Nnf] k+lQmdf b]vfpg] k|of; ug'{ cfkm}+df pb]snfUbf] s'/f xf] . dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tj cfkm\gf] dxTjfsf+IfL / blIf0fkGyL p2]ZonfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ ultljlw ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ eGg] s'/f pgLx?df b]vf k/]sf] ;}4flGts ljrngn] k|i6 kf/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLx?n] OHhtk"0f{, tl/sfn] lj;{hg u/fP/ ;Qfdf hfg ;'xfpFbf] 9f]sf vf]lh/x]sf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . h;sf nflu uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng / ;+ljwfg;ef pQd af6fx? x'g ;Sb5g\ . tL af6fx?n] k|hftGqnfO{ eGbf dfcf]jfbLsf] ;Qf /fhgLltnfO{ dfq an k'¥ofP eg] klg pgL 9'Ss x'g] s'/fdf nfnflot 5}gg\ . k|hftGq, ;+;bLo bnsf lj?4 dfcf]jfbLx?n] k|s6 u/]sf] r'gf}tLk"0f{ /a}ofn] of] s'/fsf] ;+s]t lbG5 . t;y{ ;a} zlQmx?sf] ;xeflutfdf k|ltudgsf/L sbdsf lj?4sf] ;+3if{sf ?kdf jftf{nfO{ pkof]u ub}{ cufl8 a9\g] sfddf /fhgLlts bnx?, gful/s ;dfh ;d]t ;r]t x'g h?/L 5 . cGoyf jftf{sf] cfofd eTsg] 5 . To;kl5 d'n'[sn] slt vt/gfs lgoltsf] lzsf/ x'g]5 hf] clxn] atfpg d'l:sn 5 .

ca s] n] 5]Sof]

;[hgf s]=;L+

dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nL ;fj{hlgs ePsf] b'O{ ;ftf eO;Sof] . t/ ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLaLr jftf{ ePsf] jf x'g] eGg] vj/ ;'Gg kfOPsf] 5}g . cNksfnLg zflGtnfO{ :yfloTj lbg cfjZos jftf{sf] ldlt lsg tf]lsO/x]sf] 5}g < s] :yfoL zflGt cfhsf] cfjZostf xf]Og < dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf] ultljlw x]bf{ klg pgLx? jftf{nfO{ sd k|fyldstf lbPsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . o;f] lsg klg elgPsf] xf] eg] jftf{ 6f]nL /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf, s"6gLlt1, ljb]zL kqsf/ x'Fb} cfd;efdf s]lGb|t x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL ultljlw x]bf{ nfU5, pgLx? c:yfoL zflGtsf] df}sf 5f]k]/ cfkm\gf] gLlt sfo{qmd Jofks kfg{ rfxG5g\ . ;fy;fy}, ljutdf cfkm"nfO{ /fhgLlts zlQm sd ‘cft+ssf/L’jfbL 7fGg]x?;Fu jftlrt u/]/ tL e|d lgjf/0f ug]{ w'gdf 5g\ . oxL s8L cg'?k pgLx?n] ljb]zL s"6gLlt1 e]6\g] k|:tfj k7fPsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . x'gt lxhf]cfh dfcf]jfbL jftf{ k|lqmof ckf/bzL{ /j}ofn] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ dfcf]jfbLs} s'/f ;xL dfGg jfWo kfg{ yfn]sf] 5 . jftf{sf] nflu e"ldut ePsf jftf{ 6f]nL ;fj{hlgs eP/ /fhwfgL cfO;Sbf klg ;/sf/n] jftf{ 6f]nL lj:tf/ ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . dGqL gf/fo0fl;+x k'g jftf{ u5{' eg]/ lx+l8/x]sf 5g\ k'gsf] of] cbDo ;fx;nfO{ dfGg ;lsG5 . t/ oyfy{tfsf] w/ftndf x]bf{ hl6n dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofnfO{ k'gsf] PSnf] lbdfun] ;dof]lrt Joj:yfkg ug{ ;Snf eg]/ kTofpg' lgZro g} d"v{tf x'g hfg]5 . /, olb To;f] eof] / k'g PSn} jftf{df ;xefuL eP eg] z+sf ug{ k|z:t 7fpF /xg]5 ls k'gsf] k5fl8 wfk dfg]{ 7"nf] xft 5 eg]/ . p;} klg clxn] k'gsf] k|of;n] o'4lj/fd ePsf] xf]Og eGg]x?sf] ts{ ;fGble{s x'g yfn]sf] 5 .

kbf{ k5fl8 h]–h:tf v]n, eP jf x'Fb}5g\, tL b]lvPsf] s] xf] eg] ;/sf/ :jod jftf{sf] nflu l9nfO{ ul//x]sf] 5 . xf]Og eg] lsg jftf{ ul/+b}g < jftf{ ug{ ca s] n] 5]Sof] < jftf{ efF8\g] k|of; eO/x]sf] 5 eg]/ e|dhfn lkmFhfpFb}df hgtfsf] lrQ a'em\b}g . jftf{ efF8\g] k|of; ePsf] 5 eg] sf] af6 / lsg eGg] hgtfsf] ;jfnsf] hjfkm klg lbg'k5{ .

k|ltWjlg

lj/f]w ug{ cem}+ k'u]g

;/sf/n] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Nodf k'g/fjnf]sg gug]{ ljrf/ u/]sf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . lsgeg] ;/sf/ :jodn] ;jf/L oftfoftsf] ef8fb/df j[l4b/ tf]lslbof] . t/ klg o;sf] lj/f]w x'g 5f]8]sf] 5}g . x'g klg o;sf] lj/f]w rsf]{ :j/df x'g'k5{ . lsgeg] O/fsdf o'4 rNof], To;}n] d"No a9\of] jf ef/tLo ahf/;Fu d"No ;dfof]hg d"No a9fOof] eGg] ;/sf/sf] {:‘lkGr]’ :j/;Fu slt klg ;xdt x'g ;lsGg . of] t hgtfnfO{ 7Ug] bfp dfq xf] . hglgjf{lrt ;/sf/x?n] hgtfnfO{ 7Uy], logn] t lbgbxf8} ‘8s}tL’ u/] . ^ dlxgfsf] cGt/df b'O{k6s d"Noj[l4 ug'{eg]sf] rfgr'g] s'/f xf]Og . ;8sdf l/Qf] Uofn]g lnP/ ul/Psf] lj/f]w h'n'; klg sd ePsf] 5 ;/sf/sf] nflu pb08g} ;xL, ;/sf/sf] nf; af]s]/ ‘zjofqf’ u/]sf] g} 7Ls 5 . lsgeg] ;/sf/sf] sfd g} To:tf] 5, h;sf] lj/fw] gul//xg ;lsGg . ;DalGwt ljifosf lj?4 /fv]/ dGqL agfOof] eGg] /fd|f] x'G5 eGg] dgf]ut ljZn]if0fn] klg df/ vfPsf] 5, oltv]/ . ;of}+ lj/fdLsf] pkrf/ ug'{kg]{ 8fS6/ dGqL ePkl5 efif0fdf Jo:t, Jofkf/Lsf] xfnt To:t} 5 . 8fS6/sf] nflu dGqL aGg' 7"nf] ls la/fdLsf] pkrf/ ug'{ 7"nf] < s] Pp6f 8fS6/n] dsf{df k/]sf] la/fdLsf] pkrf/ u5{g\ . s] Tof] sd sfd xf], dGqLsf] eGbf < / pgL dGqL ag] rflx+ :jf:Yo ;d:ofdf sdL cfPsf] 5 < pQdnfn k|wfg hf] Jofkf/L x'g\, pgL dGqL ePkl5 t sfnfahfl/of 7]ufg nfUg'kg]{ clg hgtfn] /fxt kfpg'kg]{ xf]Og <

– u0f]z dxt, l;Gw'nL

dgf]/~hg ;fdfu|L /flvof];\

d ;fKtflxs ljdz{sf] lgoldt kf7s x'F . cd]l/sfdf /x]sf kf7sx?dWo] d bfjLsf ;fy eG5', d o; ;fKtflxs klqsfsf] lgoldt kf7s x'F . /, d tkfO{+x?sf] cfufdL of]hgfx?sf] pQ/f]Q/ k|ultsf] sfdgf u5'{ . tkfO{+x?n] klqsfsf] k[i7 yKg] tyf s]xL /+uLg k]h;d]t yKg] of]hgf agfpg' ePsf] /x]5 . tkfO{+x?sf] k|ultsf] vj/ ;'Gg kfpFbf c;fWo} v'zL nfUof] . d Ps bzsb]lv snfsfl/tfdf ;+nUg JolQm x'F . tkfO{+x?n] /+uLg k[i7 yk]kl5 To;df snfsfl/tf ;DaGwL ;To, tYodf cfwfl/t ;dfrf/, n]v ;d]6\g' x'G5 eGg] ck]Iff /fv]sf] 5'' . klqsfdf k[i7 yk ug]{ tyf /+uLg k]h klg /fVg] eg]kl5 To;df dgf]/~hg ;DaGwL ;dfrf/ ;dfj]z ug'''{x'G5 eGg] w]/} cfzf nfu]sf] 5 . cfzfdf t'iff/fkft x'g] sfd ;Dkfbs d08naf6 xf]nf h:tf] nfUb}g .

– z}n]if >]i7 cleg]tf, Go'of]s{

lsg b'Mv lbPsf] <

d}n] oxfF ^ dlxgfb]lv kf;kf]6{ gjLs/0f ug{sf] nflu k|of; ul//x]sf] 5' . t/ To;f] x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . cd]l/sfdf /x]sf] zfxL g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf;df ;Dks{ u/]/ kf;kf]6{ gjLs/0f ul/lbg cfu|x ubf{ pxfFx? hlxn] klg ‘kf;kf]6{’ gePsf] atfpg'x'G5 . /ftb"tfjf;df d}n] 8L=jL=tfdfªnfO{ ;Dks{ u/]/ kf;kf]6{sf] nflu cfu|x klg u/]+ . t/ pxfFn] d]/f] s'/f ;sf/fTds ?kdf g} lng'ePg . To;}n] d, nufot s]xL ;fyL dndndf k/]sf 5f}+ . s] ug]{ eGg] g} ;f]Rg ;lsPsf] 5}g . s] s]jn kf;kf]6{ gjLs/0fsf] nflu xfdL g]kfn cfpg' plrt xf]nf < o;sf] s]xL ;/n pkfo 5}g xf]nf <

– k'/g u'?ª, cd]l/sf

kl/qmdf
k|];–cbfntsf] …;]t“Ú

cbfnt / k|];sf] ;DaGw cGof]Gofl>t x'Fbfx''b} klg of] ;DaGw cGofndf kg]{ u/]sf] Jojxf/n] b]vfPsf] 5 . ‘dfgxfgL’ gfdsf] jfSon] cbfntsf] ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f kf/bzL{ / ;'ne aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;Tosf] vf]h / lg?k0f ug]{ h:tf] uxg / ;dfg bfloTj af]s]sf k|]; / cbfntnfO{ lgs6 t'Nofpg] ‘;]t"’ sf] e"ldsf kqsf/ lzj ufpFn]n] u/]sf 5g\ . h'g s'/fsf] k|df0f pg}åf/f lnlvt ‘cbfntL l/kf]l6{ª’ gfds k':tsdf kfOG5 .

Gofofno;Fu ;DalGwt ljifosf] ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ul/Fbf cbfntL sfo{z}nL / ljifo k|o'Qm n]vg x'g'kg]{ s'/fnfO{ k':tsn] ;"qj4 JofVof u/]sf] 5 . ljifosf] 1fg ljgf ul/g] l/kf]l6{ªn] ;Dj]bgzLn lgsfosf] e"ldsf cj?4 aGg hfg] s'/fnfO{ ;r]t u/fpFb} o;k|lt ;~rf/sdL{ uDeL/ x'g'kg]{ s'/fnfO{ p7fOPsf] 5 . bdggfy 9'+ufgfåf/f JoQm ljrf/ dggLo 5 . pxfF k|];sf] uxg bfloTjnfO{ k|i6\ofpFb} cfkm\gf] ljrf/ kf]Vb} eGg'x'G5– ‘k|]; grflxg] dfqfdf 8/fpg] u/]sf] 5 . cbfnt k]|;af/] cgle1 5 . cfkm\gf] k]zfk|lt Odfgbf/ x'Fbf h]n uOG5 eg] kqsf/n] lsg 8/fpg] <’

Gofo ;Dkfbgsf x:tLx? dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemL, s]zjk|;fb pkfWofo / bdggfy 9'+ufgf;Ddsf n]vx? o;leq k9\g kfOG5 . Gofofno ;do cg';f/ kl/is[t geP/ k'/ftg 9/f{d} rln/x]sf], Gofofnoleq ToxL+leqs} Gofo kfpg g;s]sf], efuj08f, u'6aGbLn] k|>o kfPsf] h:tf s'/fx? :jo+ gfosdL{x?n] p7fPsf 5g\ . h;nfO{ Pp6f ;Dj]bgzLn kIf dfGg ;lsG5 .

cbfntL l/kf]l6{ª k':tsnfO{ cbfnt–k|];aLrsf] ;DaGw ;]t" dfq geO{ Pp6f ;"qa4 u|fd/ klg dfGg ;lsG5 . lzj ufpFn]n] ;~rf/ km:6fPsf] of] jt{dfgnfO{ lrg]/ ;do ;fk]If s[lt hGdfPsf] s'/fnfO{ gsfg{ ldNb}g .

æca qmflGtjfbLx?sf] cft+s c? w]/} lbg ;/sf/n] rNg lbg] 5}g . ;/sf/ zflGt ;'/Iffsf] ;jfndf lgSs} ;r]t 5 / cfkm\gf] gful/ssf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu h:tf];'s} sbd rfNg klg kl5 kg]{ 5}g .Æ

k|ltzf]wM ljem]sf] sf“8f

Psflt/ nf;sf] y'k|f] csf{lt/ gsr/f] jQmJojfhL s]xL ;do cl3;Dd xfdLn] o:t} gdL7f] n'sfdf/Ldf cfkm"nfO{ Joltt ug'{k¥of] . of] gdL7f] ;To xfd|f] nflu ;w}+sf lglDt vj/bf/Lsf ?kdf pkfl:yt /xg]5 . pkGof;sf/ ;'zLn b]jsf]6fn] cfkm\gf] kl5Nnf] l;h{gf ‘k|ltz]fw’ dfkm{t of] tYonfO{ pb\3fl6t u/]sf 5g\ . oxfFleqsf cfsfz, dw's/, ljKnj hfg'sfb]jL, /0fwL/, ;'/h+u yfkfh:tf k|ltlglw kfqx? clxn] klg hLljt 5g\ . vfnL ;f] uflj;sf cWoIf ;'/h+u yfkfsf] lgolt ;of}+ uflj; k|ltlglwx?sf] syf, Joyf xf] . qmflGtsf gfddf cfGbf]ngsf/Ln] lbg] oftgf / zflGtsf gfddf ;'/IffsdL{n] k'¥ofpg] clttdf gd]l6g] tflTjs leGgtfnfO{ pkGof;sf/n] gf6sLo tl/sfn] a8f] cfsif{s 9+un] k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . hgtfsf] Psdfq cfwf/ dflgPsf] ;/sf/ dfG5] dfl/Pkl5 jQmJo lgsfNgsf lglDtdfq tTDtof/ ePsf] 36gf cf}kGofl;s kl/j]z geP/ ef]ufO{ xf] . ;'zLn aGb'sdfkm{t geO{ ljrf/ ljlgdoåf/f lgsflng] lgisif{åf/f zflGtsf] aLh 5g{ ;lsg] ljZjf; pkGof;dfkm{t lbnfpFg clxn]sf] ;donfO{ To; s'/fnfO{ k'li6 klg u/]sf] 5 .

s[ltut lx;fjn] ;'zLn b]jsf]6fsf] of] cf7f}+ s[lt xf] . tk:of, ldg", /Ifs, eIfs, xTof, Oiof{ / cx+sf/ o;cl3 g} k|sflzt eO;s]sf 5g\ . of] kl5Nnf] pkGof; :ju{jf;L /fhf >L % jL/]Gb|nfO{ ;dk{0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;du|df ;'zLn ;+efjgf af]s]sf lvl/nf k|ltef x'g\ .

cfsfzdflysf] b]jtf

dfG5]–a'em\b}g d[To'sf] d"No

dfG5]–a'em\b}g nf;sf] d"No

dfG5]–nf; x'g /x/ u5{

dfG5]–df6f]sf] af]em x'g /x/ u5{ .

;DejtM dfG5]n] ef]u]sf] ;To olQg} xf] . /ljsf] ls/0f gk'u]sf] 7fpFdf sljsf] b[li6 k'U5 eGg'sf] cfzo klg oxL x'g'k5{ . o'jf slj ef]h/fh Gof}kfg]n] lhGbuLsf] nId0f/]vf ;fFRr} dd{:kzL{ 9+un] sf]/]sf 5g\ . ‘cfsfzdflysf] b]jtf’ dfkm{t pgn] dfG5]sf] lhGbuLsf] ;f+uf]kf+uf] lrq sf]/]sf 5g\ . o;leq tLg bh{g sljtf ;+u|lxt 5g\ . st} dfofsf] ;'Gb/ l;;f/ af]s/ pleg] ef]h/fh st} hLjgsf zfZjt oyfy{ af]s]/ pkl:yt x'G5g\ . slj x[bo efjgf dfq geP/ jt{dfgsf] k|ltljDj klg xf] eGg] s'/f sljtfdf k|s6 ePsf 5g\ . hGdb]lv d[To';Dd xfdLn] xfd|f] w/ftndf ef]Ug'kg]{ Olta[tfGtnfO{ sljtfsf] t/]nLdf ptfg{ ;kmn 5g\ slj . zfGt e"ld czfGt x'Fbfsf kL8fbfoL Tof] ;dosf] tfgfjfgfnfO{ ToltSs} k|efjsf/L ?kdf k|s6 ul/Psf] 5 . kqsf/sf] snd ePsf] x'gfn] xf]nf ;TonfO{ cfTd;ft ug]{ snf pgdf k|r"/ ePsf] kfOG5 . ef]h/fhsf] of] s[lt ;du|df ;Defjgf af]s]sf] Pp6f kfpnf] xf] . kfpnf] kmlqmPkl5 g} t Tof] l6Kk0fL of]Uo x'G5 . ls s;f] <

k|s[ltk'qsf] avfg

kqsf/ cd[t ‘efbufpFn]’ af/Daf/ kqklqsfdf 5fO/xg] gfd xf] . kf]v/f j;fOFsf] b'O{ jif]{ ofqfn] pgnfO{ b'O{j6f l;h{gfsf] dflns agfPsf] 5 . pgLåf/f l;lh{t kl5Nnf] s[ltsf] gfd xf]– kf]v/]nL gj/Tg .

k':tssf] gfdaf6 g} k|i6 x'G5 ls kf]v/fsf] df6f]df hlGdPsf k|ltefzfnL gf} hgf wtL{ k'qnfO{ k':tsaf6 lrgfpg] lxDdt efbufpFn]n] u/]sf 5g\ . ;+uLt, snf, ;flxTo ko{6g / lzIff;+u ;DalGwt :yflkt k|ltefx? oxfFleq ;d]l6Psf 5g\ . hgsljs]z/L wd{/fh yfkf, nf]sslj clnldofF, d's'Gbz/0f pkfWofo, b'uf{ a/fn -jfT;fog_, emns yfkf, hf]h{ hf]g, emnsdfg uGwj{, Sof= ldgaxfb'/ u'?ª / k|1f/Tg jh|frfo{nfO{ ‘kf]v/]nL gj/Tg’ leq e]6\g ;lsG5 . dfG5] s;/L ;dfhkof]uL aG5 < p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu s:tf s:tf r'gf}tL;Fu d'7e]8 ug'{k5{ < cflb k|Zgsf] pQ/ ;xh} kfOG5 .

kL8fleqsf] 56k6Ldf dLgf zfxL

cfTdljZjf; / k|ltj4tf eP c;+ej eGg] s'/f s]xL x'Fb}g eGg] s'/fsf] k|df0f x'g k'[u]sL 5g\– dLgf zfxL ‘cdLt’ . kfFr sIff k9\bfk9\b} Pp6f ;fdfGo b'3{6gfdf k/L cfkm\gf b'j} b[li6 u'dfpg k'u]sL dLgf clxn] ‘kL8fleqsf] 56k6L’ gfds sljtf ;+u|xdfkm{t ;flxlTos ahf/df k|s6 ePsL df5g\ . xfn kb\sGof sn]h jL=P= k9\b} u/]sL dLgf zAb lzNkLsL lj5§} snfsf/ x'g\ eGg] efg k5{ . pgsf sljtfsf x/]s k+lQm dfgjtfsf] lzvf ag]/ b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . b[li6ljxLg cfkm\gf] hLjg cToGt} c;xh ag]sf] efjgf k|s6 ul/g;Sb} k|ltj4tfsf efjgf JoQm ug{ k'u]sL x'lG5g\ pgL . . dLgf efjgfdf aUb} elG5g\–

knfPg 3fpdf df;' /x/ Joyf ag]/ aNem]

;kgf km'6]/ cfF;' v;], v:g] cfF;'df cfzf aNem] .

;ftfsf] :j/

/fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx? kb l;jfo s]xL x]l//xg' ePsf] 5}g . zflGtsf nflu ;xof]u dfUbf dnfO{ kb rflxof] eG5g\ . kb ljgf pxfFx?sf] af]nL g} km'6\b}g .

– k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb

;a} kf6L{aLr ;xdlt eof] eg] dfcf]jfbLn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu :yug u/]/ cl3 a9\g ;S5 . dfcf]jfbLn] ;xdlt vf]Hg ;a} kf6L{;Fu PskIfLo, b'OkIfLo ub}{ jx'kIfLo 5nkmn ub}{5, Pdfn] eg] rGb ;/sf/nfO{ x6fP/ ;/sf/df hfg kfOG5 ls eGg] bfpdf cem} clNemPsf] 5 .

– b]j u'?·

zflGt k|lqmof cl3 al9/x]sf] a]nf ;a} zlQm lnPsf /fhf eg] slxn] tLy{ ug{ / slxn] agef]h vfg Jo:t 5g\ . /fh ;+j]bgzLn ePsf] eP jftf{ k|lqmof cj?4 x'Fb}gYof] .

– l;Gw'gfy ¥ofs'/]n

of] ;ftf

laxLaf/, r}q @) ut]

r dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf] dxfb]j 8fF8fdf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] PdcfO{–!& x]lnsK6/ b'3{6gfu|:t .

z'qmaf/

r >L % 1fg]Gb| tyf >L % a8fdxf/fgL sf]dnaf6 wgu9Ldf ;'b"/klZrdf~rnjf;Lsf] tkm{af6 r9fOPsf] gful/s clegGbg u|x0f .

zlgaf/

r lq=lj=lj=n] cfufdL z}lIfs ;qb]lv af}4 bz{gdf :gfts / :gftsf]Q/ cWoog ;'? ug]{ lg0f{o .

cfOtaf/

r >L % 1fg]Gb|af6 ;'v]{tsf] b]ptLaHo}, Ko'7fgsf] :ju{åf/Ldf k"hf cr{gf .

r dfcf]jfbL eft[ ;+u7g dw]zL /fli6«o df]rf{sf cWoIf hos[i0f uf]Ot /fhla/fhdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng dfkm{t\ ;fj{hlgs .

;f]daf/

r >L % o'j/fhf kf/;af6 c/gLsf] k|1f k|lti7fgåf/f cfof]lht Pj+ snfsf/ cf/=jL=ef]snfåf/f ;+slnt k|fs[lts kfif0f snf k|bz{gLsf] ;d'b\3f6g .

r gO{ k|sfzgåf/f o; jif{sf] gO{ ;'/–;Ddfg O{Zj/jNnenfO{, dfwj l3ld/] ;Ddfg uLtsf/ ls/0f v/]nnfO{, gfltsfhL ;Ddfg ufos tyf ;+uLtsf/ sNof0f l/dfnnfO{ tyf tf/fb]jL ;Ddfg uflosf g'k'/ e§frfo{nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ lg0f{o .

d+unaf/

r >L % j8fdxf/fgL sf]dnaf6 km\nf]l/sNr/ g]kfn, Pzf]l;ozgåf/f cfof]lht …k'ik Jofkf/ d]nf–@))#Ú ;d'b\3f6g .

r /;'jfsf] pQ/L e]udf lgdf{0ffwLg @) d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] lrlnd] hnljB't\ cfof]hgfsf nflu gful/s nufgL sf]ifn] ?= #% s/f]8 C0f pknAw u/fpg] lg0f{o .

r slj eLdbz{g /f]sfsf] lgwg .

r Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwj g]kfn / g]skf dfn]sf ;+of]hs ;L=kL=d}gfnLaLr e]6jftf{ .

a'waf/

r ;/sf/åf/f a'6jndf k|x/L / ljBfyL{aLr em8k x'Fbf Ps ljBfyL{sf] d[To' ePsf] 36gfsf] ;DaGwdf 5fglag ug{ k'g/fj]bg cbfnt x]6f}+8fsf GofofwLz nf]s]Gb| dlNnssf] Ps ;b:oLo 5fglag cfof]u u7g .

r o; jif{sf] e"kfndfgl;+x sfsL{ ;flxTosf/ OGb|axfb'/ /fO{ e"kfndfg l;+x s[lt k'/:sf/ w=r= uf]tfd]sf] tLgjf;nfO{ tyf e"kfndfg l;+x o'jf k'/:sf/ s[i0fxl/ a/fnnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] lg0f{o .