k|]d / hLjg

Clif wdnf

sljtf lasfpg klg ;]S; kl:sg] rng cfof]

efjgfsf] cfsfzdf p8\bfp8\b} clg sNkgfsf] ;fu/df b'Abf8'Ab} hLjgsf rf}/f;L j;Gt ljt]5g\ pxfFsf . t/, slxNo} cfPg j;Gt Û j]bgf / ljof]un] nv]l6/x\of] pxfFnfO{, t/ pxfFn] ljof]unfO{ l;h{gfdf ?kfGt/ ul/lbg' eof] . dgsf lk8fx?nfO{ ;'Gb/ km"nsf] ?k lbP/ htftt} ;'jf; 5g'{eof] pxfFn] .

sljj/ dfwjk|;fb l3ld/]n] ‘uf}/L’ zf]ssfJo To;} /Rg' ePsf] xf]Og . 5f]6f] ;xofqfd} klxnf] kTgLsf] ljof]u ;xg' k¥of] pxfFn] . Pp6f efj's / sf]dn dg ePsf] sljn] ev{/sL kTgL u'dfpFbf p;sf] efjgf s'g xb;Dd s?0f aGg ;S5 eGg] Ho'Fbf] k|df0f xf]— uf}/L .

To;}n] ;]S; / /f]dfG;sf /dfOnf ukm Tolt x'g} ;s]g pxfF;+u . t/ pxfFsf] dg olt t/n 5, Psl5g efj's aG5 clg Psl5gd} 76\6f u5{ .

æljjfx ubf{ d kGw| jif{sf] lyPF, uf}/L gf} jif{sL lyOg . ;fg} lyof}+, t/ b'nxfb'nxL eg]/ xfdL /f]dfl~rt x'GYof}+Æ sljj/n] eGg'eof] .

ljjfx ePkl5 uf}/L dfOtL g} a:g'eof] . pd]/ k'u]kl5 To:t} tLg jif{ hlt xf] pxfFx?;+u} a;]sf], æb'O{ 5f]/L zflGt / sflGtnfO{ ;fg} pd]/df 5f8]/ pgL uOg\ . 5f]/Lx?n] emg zf]snfO{ 3lge"t agfOlbP . uf}/L ljTbf dnfO{ cfkm}+n] d[To'kl5sf] ;+;f/ b]v]h:tf] eof] .Æ pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

t/ kTgL ljof]un] ljrlnt agfPg pxfFnfO{ . ;–;fgf 5f]/L x'sf{pg bf];|L kTgLsf ?kdf dxfsfnLnfO{ pxfFn] leq\ofpg' eof] . uf}/Lk|ltsf] k|]d, :g]x / cg'/fu dgdf eP klg pxfF ;+;f/af6 efUg rfxg' ePg .

æd hf]uL lyOg, hjfg g} lyPF, aflx/ :jfª /r]/ leq leq Jolerf/L aGg'eGbf ;fyL vf]Hg plrt 7fg]+, clg afx|, t]x| jif{sL dxfsfnLnfO{ leq\ofPF . pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

@))% ;fnlt/ ufpFdf k}tL; ?k}ofFsf] hflu/ vfg] df:6/ eg]kl5 pxfFnfO{ 5f]/L lbg]x?sf] nfd nfu]sf] lyof] . bf];|f] ljjfx pxfFn] /f]h]/} ug'{eof] .

kTgL ljof]usf] lk8fnfO{ dxfsfnLsf] cfudgn] x6fPsf] lyof] . b'O{ 5f]/Ln] c;n cfdf kfPsf lyP . o:t}df Pslbg sljj/ l3ld/]sf] hLjgdf ljof]usf] 3fp jNemfpg] 36gf eof] .

klxn] kTgL uf}/Lsf] PSsfO; jif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf] lyof] . dxfsfnLn] klg PSsfO; jif{ 6]s]s} lbg ljxfg pxfF;+u eGg'eP5— d}n] t d/]sf] ;kgf b]v]+ .

sljj/sf] dg cflQof] æuf}/L klg PSsfO; jif{sf] pd]/df d/L, ca dxfsfnL klg d/]sf] ;kgf b]v]+ eG5]Æ eGb} pxfF w]/} lbg 56kl6g' eof] . k'gM kTgL ljof]usf] eon] dgdf h/f] ufHof] . ToxL eoaLr pxfFn] uLt n]Vg' eof]—

æcfh / /flt s] b]v]+ ;kgf
d} d/L uPsf]Æ

t/ Tof] ;kgf s]jn ;kg} lyof] . dxfsfnLn] d/]sf] ;kgf b]Vg' Pp6f ;+of]u lyof], ljof]usf] 5fFofn] s]jn pxfFnfO{ lh:SofPsf] dfq lyof] .

k|]dsf af/]df j8f] lgZ5n efjgf 5 pxfFsf] . k|]dL k|]ldsfx?nfO{ w]/} sfJox?df kfq agfpg' ePsf l3ld/] eGg'x'G5— dg'io–dg'ioaLrsf] ;DaGwsf] Ps dfq s8L xf], k|]d, t/ of] ckljq eof] eg] To;n] jf;gfsf] ?k lnG5 .Æ

a'9];sfndf klg pxfFsf] ;]S; rfxgf hfu[t x'G5 . t/ eGg'x'G5— u'nfkmsf] km"n x]/]/ d To;sf] cfgGb lnG5' .

‘;]S;af6 k|]d hGdb}g, k|]daf6 ;]S;df k'luG5’ eGg' x'g] sljj/ l3ld/] cr]n k|]d / ;]S;sf] Jofkf/Ls/0f ePsf]df lvGg x'g'x'G5 .

æcr]n lj1fkgnfO{ ;]S; rflxPsf] 5, l;g]df rnfpg oxL rflxPsf] 5, sljtf 5kfpg, lstfa ljsfpg ;]S; rflxPsf] 5Æ pxfFn] eGg'eof] . æk|]d t s?0ff xf], t/ k|]d lalu|of] eg] dfG5] /fj0f aG5Æ pxfFsf] egfO 5 .

ndh'ªsf] afx'g8fF8fdf lat]sf lyP pxfFsf z}zjsfnx? . lktf uf}/Lz+s/ rfxg'x'GYof], 5f]/f] cf};L k'0f]{ 5'§ofpg hfGg] xf];\, hhdfgL ug{ ;sf];\ clg Hof]ltif agf];\ . afx| jif{sf] pd]/;Dd sljj/n] kl08tx?af6 b'uf{, sjh, r08L, j]b ;a} k9\g' eof] . ufpFeGbf s]xL tnlt/ efiff kf7zfnf lyof], hxfF pxfFn] ;+:s[t efiffdf cf}krfl/s lzIff k|f/De ug'{eof] . ;+:s[tdf k|ydf kf; ubf{ g} pxfFsf] k|ltefn] k|z+;f kfO;s]sf] lyof] . k9fOdf can ePsfn] pxfFnfO{ k'/:s[t ul/Psf] lyof] . k'/:sf/:j?k ha pxfFsf xftdf g]kfn efiff k|sflzgLn] k|sflzt u/]sf ;+lIfKt dxfef/t, ;+lIfKt /fdfo0f / n]vgfy kf}8]nsf s[ltx? k/], ;/:jtLsf j/bfg g} ;fljt eP .

xf], afNosfndf tL k':ts k9]kl5 g} pxfFdf sljtf n]Vg] k|]/0ff hfUof] . rf}w jif{sf] sfFrf] pd]/d} pxfFn] ‘j}/fUo k'ik’ zLif{ssf] sljtf n]Vg'eof], h'g pxfFsf] hLjgs} klxnf] sljtf xf] . æTof] pd]/df d]/f] dgdf j}/fu efj s;/L cfof] xf]nf / < t/ d 8]9 jif{sf] 5Fbf cfdf ljTg'eof], ddf lj/x efjgf lyof], c1ft 9+un] cfdfnfO{ vf]h]sf] lyPF To;a]nfÆ sljj/n] eGg'eof] .

k|ydf k"/f u/]/ ha pxfF k"j{ dWodf / pQ/ dWodf k9\g sf7df8f}+ cfpg'eof], To;a]nf pxfFsf] pd]/ !* jif{sf] lyof] . To;a]nf k9fO sf7df8f}+sf] ;+:s[t kf7zfnf -xfn 5fqjf;_df eP klg k/LIff lbg jgf/; hfg' kYof]{ . ;+:s[t ;flxTo, efiff cg'jfb / ul0ft ljifodf pxfFn] k|yd >]0fLdf pQ/dWodf k"/f ug'{eof] . bz{gzf:qdf zf:qL kf; ubf{;Dd sljj/ l3ld/]sf] sfJo r]tgf k|v/ eO;s]sf] lyof] .

of] To:t} !((* ;fnlt/sf] s'/f xf] . sljj/ l3ld/]n] g]kfn efiff k|sfzg ;ldltsf] sfof{nodf uP/ afns[i0f ;dnfO{ cfkm\gf] 5Gbf]a4 sljtf ;'gfpg'eof] . h'g sljtf a8f] nflnTok"0f{ lyof] . h'g sljtfsf] ;dn] k|z+;f ug'{eof] . clg pxfFnfO{ efiff cg'jfb kl/ifb\df /flvof] . hxfF kl5 dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f / cfdfsf >i6f uf]kfnk|:ffb l/dfn klg ;+nUg x'g'eof] . To;kl5 t ;flxlTos hd36 c6'6 g} /x\of] . cg'jfbssf ?kdf efiff cg'jfb kl/ifbdf k|j]z ug'{ePsf l3ld/]n] ‘sfd’ rflx+ sljtf n]Vg] ug'{k¥of] .

To;a]nf snsQf ljZjljBfnodf g]kfnL efiff /fVg] g]kfnsf] k|of; eof] . To;sf nflu ;f] ljZjljBfnon] g]kfnL efiffdf sfJo, pkGof; / Jofs/0fsf k':ts 5g\ ls 5}gg\ eg]/ hfFRg k|l;4 efiff ljz]if1 ;'lglts'df/ r6hL{nfO{ g]kfn k7fof] . lqrGb| sn]hd} efiff cg'jfb kl/ifb\ lyof] / ToxL+ Pp6f k':tsfno . r6hL{ tTsfnLg gfoj j8fu'?Ho" x]d/fhsf] rGb|Lsf Jofs/0faf6 k|efljt eP . r6hL{n] To;a]nf g]kfnL efiffdf dxfsfJo klg n]lvg' k5{ Tof] klg t'n;Lbf;sf] æd]3b"tÆh:tf] eg]kl5 sljj/ dxfsfJo n]Vg sl:;g' eof] . dxfslj b]jsf]6f klg ToxL bf}8df x'g'x'GYof] . h'g bf}8df b]jsf]6fn] pl5Gg' eof] .Æ dxfslj b]jsf]6f n]Vg yfn]kl5 n]Vofn]Vo} ug]{, d rflx+ lgs} l9nf] n]Vy]+, afns[i0f ;dHo"n] b]jsf]6f / d]/f] t'ngf u/]/ Pp6f rflx+ km/{/ p8\g], csf]{ rflx+ p8] kl5 j]u xfg]/ j]kQf x'g] eGg'ePsf] lyof] . sljj/n] tL lbg :d/0f ug'{eof] .

dxfsfJo n]Vg] w'gdf pxfFn] s[i0f rl/qdf cfwfl/t klxnf] s[lt ‘uf]ljGb’ l;h{gf ug'{eof] . t/ efiff cg'jfb kl/ifb\sf] tLg jif]{ of]hgf ;dfKt ePkl5 pxfFsf] sfJo /rgfsf] j]u klg /f]lsof] . @))@ ;fnlt/ lg/fwf/ eP/ Ps If0f ;':tfpg gkfpb} uf]/vfkqsf tTsfnLg k|wfg;Dkfbs k|]d/fh zdf{n] pxfFnfO{ uf]/vfkqdf sfd ug{ k|:tfj /fVg' eof] . afFRg] cfwf/ vf]lh/x]sf] a]nf pxfFnfO{ Tof] k|:tfj æs] vf]H5;\ sfgf] cfFvf]Æ em}+ eof] .

@))$ ;fnlt/ k|yd >LdtL uf}/Lsf] lgwg ePkl5 pxfFnfO{ sf7df8f}+ a:g dg nfu]g . To;a]nf ‘cfwf/ lzIff’df k9fpg] lzIfssf] cfj]bg v'n]sf] lyof] . uf]\/vfkqsf] hflu/ 5f8]/ pxfF ndh'ªsf] cfwf/ :s"ndf k9fpg yfNg'eof] . t/ @))& ;fnsf] qmflGtkl5 d'n'sdf ha v'nfkg cfof] pxfFnfO{ k'gM sf7df8f}+ kms'{ kms'{+ nfUof] .

@))& ;fnsf] qmflGtdf /fhgLlts ?kdf ;xefuL geP klg pxfFn] ;fdflhs hfu/0f Nofpg] uLt / sljtf To;a]nf v'j n]Vg'eof] . tTsfnLg ;fdflhs c;dfgtfk|lt Jo+Uo ub}{ pxfFn] o:tf] sljtf n]Vg'eof]—

æef]sf 5g\ ha bfh' efO o;/L
vfP/} v} s] eof] <
gf+uf 5g\ ha O:6ldq o;/L
nfP/ kf] s] eof] <Æ

To;a]nf hflu/ ndh'ªdf eP klg tna lng pxfFnfO{ kf]v/f k'Ug'kYof]{ . @))^ ;fnlt/sf] s'/f xf], tna lng kf]v/f uPsf avt ef/tlt/af6 cfPsf] Pp6f sfgf] hf]uL;Fu pxfF nufotsf ;fyLx?sf] e]6 eof] . sljj/n] eGg'eof]— Tof] hf]uL sf] lyof] dnfO{ yfxf ePg, t/ p s'/f rflx+ g]kfnL sf+u|]; eGg] kf6L{sf] uYof]{ . xfdLnfO{ p;sf] s'/f a8f] /fd|f] nfUof] . p;n] Pp6f laNnf lbof], h;df rf/tf/] em08f lyof] . xfdLn] Tof] lnof}+ .Æ

/fhgLlt ga'em] klg /f0ff lj/f]wL cfGbf]ng ug]{ hf]uLsf] s'/f ;'g]/ pxfFx?n] sf+u|];sf] Tof] krf{ h:tf] a:t' t lng'eof], t/ To;}n] pxfFx?nfO{ kl5 km;fbdf kf/]5 . jgf/; kms{bf Tof] hf]uL kqmfp k/]5, s]/sf/ x'Fbf p;n] sljj/ l3ld/] nufotsf] gfd lnP5 . tna yfKg kf]v/f k'Ug'ePsf l3ld/] ;]gfsf] kmGbfdf kg'{eof] . wGg, j8fxflsd /0fzdz]/ sljj/sf] /rgfsf k|z+;s lyP, To;}n] æof] kl08tnfO{ klg kqm]5g\Æ eGb} ;fdfGo s]/sf/kl5 pxfFnfO{ 5f]l8of] . t/ l/; x'Fbfx'Fb} pxfFn] /f0ff lj/f]wL cfGbf]ngaf/] cfkm"nfO{ s]xL yfxf gePsf] aofg r} lbg' ePsf] lyof] .

@))( ;fnlt/ pxfF k'gM sf7df8f}+ kmls{g' eof] . lzIfs lzIf0f tflnd s]Gb|df sfd ug{ yfNg'eof] . To;}tfsf /fdxl/ zdf{, afnrGb| zdf{, rGb|/fh zdf{ nufotsf k|1f kl/ifb\sf x:tLx?n] g]kfn–ef/t d}qL ;+3 v8f u/]5g\, t/ Psn] csf{nfO{ g]tf dfGg g;s]sf sf/0f sljj/ l3ld/]nfO{ Tof] ;+3sf] cWoIf agfOof] . To;kl5 t pxfF ;fj{hlgs rrf{df cfpg yfNg'eof] . slj ;Dd]ngx?df efsf xfn]/ sljtf ;'gfpg pxfF dflx/ x'g'x'GYof] . æef/tsf pk/fi6«klt /fwfs[i0f cfP, To;kl5 hjfx/nfn g]x? cfP, /fh]Gb|k|;fb klg cfP, tL ;a}nfO{ g]kfndf :jfut ubf{ ;+3sf] cWoIfsf] x}l;otn] d klg cu|k+lQmdf 5fPF, ;fdflhs ;Dks{ / rrf{ a9\b} uof]Æ pxfFn] eGg'eof] . To;}tfsf pxfFn] ‘kflkgL cfdf’ sfJo / ‘ufpF5 uLt g]kfnL’ /fli6«o uLt /Rg'eof] .

‘sn]h ckm Ph's]zg’ v'n]kl5 pxfFn] ToxfF k9fpg yfNg'eof] . ;flxTosf/ bf}ntljqmd lji6, jf;' zzL, /d]z ljsn clg ufos aRr' s}nfz pxfFsf To;a]nfsf r]nf lyP .

tL;jif]{ k~rfotsfn pxfFsf ljz'4 ;flxlTos l;h{gfdf lat] . s;}sf] :t'ltufg slxNo} ug'{ ePg pxfFn] . rf}/f;L jif{sf] pd]/;Dd cfOk'Ubf pxFFn] @) j6f hlt s[lt, 8]9;o hlt uLt / olQs} ;+Vofdf sljtf /Rg' ePsf] 5 . kTgL ljof]udf n]lvPsf] pxfFsf] ‘uf}/L’ zf]s sfJon] pxfFnfO{ g]kfnL jfªdo If]qsf] pRr :yfgdf k'¥ofof] . æefjgf ul0ft xf]Og, of] of]hgfj4 klg x'Fb}g, To;}n] d]/f] ;a} s[lt /fd|f gx'g ;S5g\Æ eGg' x'g] sljj/ l3ld/]n] cfkm"nfO{ dg k/]sf] Pp6f uLtsf] k+lQm o;/L ;'gfpg'eof]—

æc~h'nLdf pefP/ lkpF lkpF kfgL
cfkm\g} ?ksf] 5foFf x]/L 5Ss} ?kf /fgL
c~h'nLsf] oxL kfgL cfkm} lkO lbpF t,
cfkm\g} ?k lkOG5 ls oxL kfgLl;t
c~h'nLsf] oxL kfgL e'OFdf kf]vL lbpF t
cfkm\g} ?k 5l/G5 ls oxL kfgLl;t
sfFkL uof] c~h'nL t e'O{+df k¥of] kfgL
To:t} km"Nof} km"n klg h:tL ?kf /fgLÆ

cr]n n]Vg] km';{b Tolt kfpg' ePsf] 5}g . pxfFn] . ‘qmtDa/f’ gfds dxfsfJo n]Vg yfn] klg Tof] cl3 a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g . pxfFn] eGg'eof]— s] ug]{ < rf/}lt/ hfg'k5{ . ;a}n] cfOh eG5g\ . d leq h] hlt l;h{gf 5g\, c:tJo:t eP/ kf]Vg kfPsf] 5}g .

lxhf] cfh 6]lnlehgn] ;'tfpF5, /]l8of]n] p7fpF5 eGg'x'G5 pxfF . ljxfg p7]kl5 cf;g k|0ffofd ug'{x'G5, t/ d'8 rn]/ n]Vg a;]kl5 eg] c? ;a sfd /f]lsG5 .

/S;L slxNo} gvfP klg r'/f]6 eg] Pstfsf pxfF lgs} lkpg' x'GYof] . t/ ;'tL{ rflx+ dg nfu] cr]n klg slxn]sflx+ rkfpg' x'G5 . b'O{ 5f]/f / rf/ 5f]/Lsf] jGbf]j:t eO;s]sf] 5, gflt kgftL eO;s] pxfFsf . To;}n] kfl/jfl/s h~hfnaf6 pxfF d'Qm x'g'x'G5 .

rnlrqsf gfddf pxfFn] kl5Nnf]k6s x]/]sf] jfns[i0f ;dsf] s[ltdf cfwfl/t k|]d lk08 xf] .

æofbj v/]nn] d]/f] ‘cZj:yfdf’ sfJodf cfwfl/t rnlrq agfp5' eGg'ePsf] 5Æ pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

g]kfnL /fhg]tfx?df pxfFnfO{ hgg]tf aL=kL= sf]O/fnf dgk5{ . pxfFn] eGg'eof]— d aL=kL=sf] /fhgLlts JolQmTj / ;flxTo b'a}sf] k|z+;s x'F .Æ

rlr{t k|;+u

s]bf/ ;'j]bL

o'4lj/fdkl5sf] o'4 If]q

afFs], alb{of, s}nfnL, sGrgk'/ dfcf]jfbLsf k|efj If]q x'g\ . o'4lj/fdkl5 tL If]q clxn] s:tf] b]lvb}5g\ / ToxfFsf hgtfn] s] dx;'; u/]5g\ eGg] rf/ lbgsf] :ynut cWoogkl5sf] ljj/0fM

‘;z:q o'4lj/fd t eof] t/ dfgl;s ;Gqf; hf/L 5’ 8f]6Laf6 s}nfnLsf] wgu9Ldf cfPsf Ps sd{rf/Ln] k+lQmsf/;+u o;f] eg] . pgLx?n] sAhfdf lnPsf] Tof] lhNnfsf] Pp6f ufpF o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ffePsf] kfFr lbg;Dd klg ToxL cj:yfdf /x]sf] cg'ej pn] ;'gfP . ToxfF ;~rflnt ;a} ;/sf/L sfo{qmd nyfln· lyP . t/ clxn] klg ToxfF sf]xL k|j]z ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . pgsf] cg'ejdf of] If]qsf ;a} dfcf]jfbL oltv]/ v'nf ?kn] lx+8\g cj:yfdf /x]sf] cg'ej pgn] ;'gfP . ToxfF;Dd k'u]s} 5}g . k'u] klg sf]xL kTofpg]jfnf 5}gg\ . o'4lj/fdkl5sf rf/lbg;Ddsf] Tof] lhNnfsf] cj:yf xf] of] . pgL eG5g\ of] o'4lj/fdn] ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ leq / dfcf]jfbLnfO{ aflx/ NofPsf] 5 . pgLx? klxn] /flt lx+8\y] t/ clxn lbpF;} xltof/ af]s]/ lx+8\g yfn]sf 5g\ .

kf6L{ ljgfsf] jftf{ s:tf] <

of] If]qsf zx/, ahf/ uP / af6f]3f6f]df e]l6g] hf] sf]xL JolQm cem} o'4lj/fdk|lt ljZj:t /x]sf kfOPg . ;fgf 7"nf ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{ Psflt/ cToGt lgd;/f] ;/sf/ ck|Tofl;t / cem} eGg'kbf{ ;/sf/sf ;b:o u[xdGqL;Ddn] yfxgkfO{ o:tf] 3f]if0ff x'g' o'4lj/fdk|lt ljZjf; gx'g'sf] k|d'v sf/0f kfOof] . c;+j}wflgs egL cf/f]k nfu]sf] ;/sf/n] cfkm\g} j}wflgstf ;d]t k'li6 ug{ g;ls/x]sf] a]nf p PSn}n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ 6]a'ndf NofP/ jftf{ u/L o'4 /f]S5 eGg] sf]xL kTofpg tof/ /x]sf kfOPg . ‘u[xdGqLnfO{ o'4lj/fdsf] yfxf ePg, k|wfgdGqL of] k|s[of slxn]b]lv ;'? ePsf] lyof], To;df cfkm" ;+nUg g/x]sf] atfpg'x'G5, b'O{ xltof/wf/L kIfdfq oltv]/ jftf{df 5g\ . To:tf] cj:yfdf x'g]jftf{sf] kl/0ffd s] xf]nf <Æ o'4If]q egL lrlgPsf] afFs], alb{of, s}nfnL, s~rgk'/sf x/]s ju{ ;d'bfo hf] sf]xL klg clxn] oxL s'/f atfO/xg] u5{g\ . clxn] ;'? ePsf] jftf{ k|s[ofn] st} dfcf]jfbLnfO{ zlQm ;~ro ug{ emg\ cj;/ yKg] t xf]Og eGg] z+sf klg pgLx?df 5 . o:tf] z+sf s'g} Ps JolQm ljz]if xf]Og ;ef ;Dd]ngb]lv lrof k;n / a;df ofqf ul//xFbfsf avt k|foM ;a}sf d'vaf6 lg:sbf /x]5g\ < sl/a rf/ lbg;Dd oL If]q 3'Dbf of] k+lQmsf/n] hxftxL o:t} z+sf k|s6 ug]{ u/]sf] kfOof] . l:ylt klg To:t} b]lvof] . klxn] ufpF3/df n's]/ a:g] dfcf]jfbLx? clxn] lrlgP/ g} d"n;8sdf 3'ld/x]sf] kfObf]/x]5 . s'g} :yfgLo JolQmnfO{ ;fy lnP/ lx+l8of] eg] rf]s ahf/ / d"n;8sd} 3'ld/x]sf tL dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ cf}+nf t]:ofP/ g} lrgfOlbG5g\ . olt xf] :yfgLo hgtf ltgLx?lt/ x]b}{{gg\ / af]Nb}gg\ klg . ltgLx?;+u af]lnof] eg] j? cfkm" ;'/IffsdL{sf] gh/df kg]{ 8/ oxfF cem} d/]sf] 5}g .

o'4lj/fdkl5sf] nf7L

o'4lj/fdsf] 5}7f}+ lbg g]kfnu~h vh'l/ofdf Pshgf l/S;frfns k|x/Lsf] nf7Laf6 ;Vt 3fOt] eP . pgsf] ck/fw lyof] Tof] lbg /flt ;fF9] /ftah] l/S;f rnfpg' . cfkm\gf] l/S;fdf r9\g] eb| enfbdLaf6 o'4lj/fdkl5 zx/ zfGt x'g] /flt;Dd lx+8] klg x'g] s'/f ;'g]sf /x]5g\ . klxn] !)–!! ah];Dd of] 7fpFdf l/S;f rNbYof] . lbg a9\b} hfFbf ^ ah] g} l/S;f yGSofpg' kg]{ ePsf] lyof] . g]kfnu~h k|foM ;w}+ skm\o'{ nfUg] If]q xf] . cem of] 7fpF t ;fFem gkb}{ ;'g;fg x'g] ub{Yof] . pgn] zflGt x'g] s'/f ;'gs} e/df Tof] lbg ca]nf cyf{t\ & ah]kl5;Dd klg l/S;f 3/ nu]gg\ . ToxL aLrdf k|x/Lsf] Pp6f hTyf cfof], pgn] cfkm"n] ;'g]sf] o'4lj/fdsf] ;Gbe{df yk s'/f a'em\g k|x/Ln] nf7L a;f{of] . Tof] lbg klg of] If]qdf cf7 ah]b]lv skm\o'{ 3f]if0ff ePsf] /x]5 . k|x/Ln] pgnfO{ skm\o'{sf] cj1f u/]sf] cf/f]k nufP/ lk6]sf] /x]5 . st}st} o'4lj/fdsf] ;"rgf o;/L klg hfg] u/]sf] of] Pp6f pbfx/0f x'g ;Qm5 .

;'g;fg /fhdfu{

oL rf/ If]q k|j]z ug]{ /fhdfu{ a]n'sf 5 ah]b]lv g} ;'g;fg /xg] l:ylt clxn] klg sfod} 5 . tL /fhdfu{df /x]sf] ;'/Iff lgsfosf s'g} klg gfsfaf6 a]n'sf & ah] kl5 s'g} klg jfxgn] k|j]z kfpFbf /x]g5g\ . kmn:j?k a'6jnaf6 klZrd tkm{af6 k"/} /fhdfu{df of] ;dokl5 Pp6f klg oftfoft rn]sf kfOPg . of] ljj/0f o'4lj/fdsf] ;ftf}+ lbgsf] xf] . oftfoft jfx]s ljz]if k|sf/sf jfxgx?nfO{ ljz]if cg'/f]wdf rflx+ 5fl8bf]/x]5 Tof] klg & ah]kl5sf s]xL ldg]6leq k'Ug] zt{df kg]{ ;Defljt 36gfx?sf] hf]lvd cfkm}+n] af]Sg] zt{df . oL If]qdf & ah]kl5 nueu ;a}sf 3/df aQL lge]sf cj:yf b]lvof] . dflg;x? cEo:t e} ;s]5g\ . Tof] cEof;nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{ x'g\ ls ;j{;fwf/0f s;}nfO{ o'4lj/fdn] s'g} klg k|efj kf/]sf] cyf{t\ To;sf] ;Gb]z ToxfF k'lu;s]sf] cj:yf b]lvPg . o;/L lx+l8+bf s'g a]nf s'g 7fpFdf skm\o'{ nfu]sf] 5 eGg] csf]{ 8/sf] l:ylt oyfjt g} 5 . skm\o{' o:tf] e};s]5 skm\o{' nfu]sf] If]q aflx/sf ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ klg hfgsf/L x'Fbf]/x]g5 . ;j{;fwf/0fsf t s'/} 5f8f}+ . ;w}+ / lgoldt alg;s]sf] skm\o{'sf af/] csf]{ If]qn] hfgsf/L /fvL 5f8\g' kg]{ dxTjsf] geP/ ;fdfGo k|s[ofsf ?kdf hf] ljifo kl/0ft ePsf] cj:yfnfO{ o'4lj/fdn] PsxKtf;Dd x]/km]/ u/]sf] kfOPg .

dfcf]jfbL 5fl8g] 8/

afFs]sf s[i0faxfb'/ dfcf]jfbLx?n] xftv'§f efFlrlbP/ e]/L c~rn c:ktfndf pkrf/ u/fO/x]sf 5g\ . pgnfO{ o'4lj/fdsf] ;dfrf/n] s'g} k|efj kf/]sf] 5}g . a? h]ndf a;]sf dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ ;/sf/n] 5fl8lbg] ;dfrf/n] eg] lgs} lk/f]n]sf] 5 . pgnfO{ s'6lk6 ubf{sf] ;+emgfn] 5f8]sf] 5}gg\ . ‘pgLx? emg\ v'nf x'g] eP <’ klxn] klg To:t} ePsf] lyof] . h]ndf ePsf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ 5'6fPkl5 pgLx?n] jftf{ 5f8]/ uPsf] s'/fnfO{ pgn] clxn] c:ktfns} z}+ofaf6 ;+lem/x]sf 5g\ .

wgu9L ahf/sf Ps Jofkf/L s/g bf;sf] klg egfO p:t} 5 . ‘cfkm\gf sfo{stf{ 5'6fp5g\ / km]l/ h+un k:5g\, dfcf]jfbLsf] s] e/’ pgsf] egfO{ o:tf] 5 . cfkm\gf] k;ndf lrofvfhf vfg cfpg];+u pgsf] jftf{sf] ljifo g} oxL x'g] u/]sf] 5 . /f]Nkfaf6 dfcf]jfbLn] nv]6]/ g]kfnu~hdf kl/jf/;lxt ;fgf] lrofk;n rnfP/ u'hf/f ul//x]sf tLy{axfb'/ a'9fsf] /x/ 3/ kmls{g] 5 . t/ dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf] lhpdf xft gxfNg] Uof/]06L glbPsf], clxn]sf] cj:yfdf of] o'4lj/fd eof] eGg] ;'g]/ dfq 3/ kms{g g;Sg] pgL atfpF5g\ . lat]sf] Ps jif{b]lv pgsf] v]tjf/L afFem} 5 . dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/aLr s] s'/fdf jftf{ xf]nf eGg] pgnfO{ rf;f] 5}g . æ7"nf] g]tfn] eg]/ x'G5, ufpFsfn] 5f8\b}gg\ . oxL+ klg slxn]sflx+ lrof]rrf]{ ul//x]sf 5g\Æ pgL eG5g\ ;/sf/;+u pgsf] dfu 5 xfdL h:tf ;f]emfnfO{ s]xL ubf}{gf}+ elg tL tnsfn] g} eGg'k5{ clg 3/ kmls{g ;lsPnf . pgsf] ;'emfj 5— jftf{ klxn] g} dfcf]jfbLnfO{ To;} 5f8\g x'Gg, 5fl8of] eg] pgLx? emg\ plS;G5g\ . sflnsf]6af6 dfcf]jfbLsf] cft+ssf sf/0f efu]/ s~rgk'/ cfPsf ;'j0f{ hf]u a'9f dx]Gb|gu/df t/sf/Lsf] Jofkf/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . pgsf] klg egfO{ 5— s'/f gldnL dfcf]jfbLnfO{ 5f8\g x'Gg . pgL eG5g\— To;/L 5fl8of] eg] ufpFsf dfcf]jfbLx?sf] cTofrf/ emg\ a9\5 . To;/L 5f8\g' eg]sf] xfdL hgtfnfO{ emg\ b'Mv b]cf] eGg] xf] .’

vfnL vf]/sf] kL8f

‘rf/–kfFr 7fpFdf k8\sfPsf / dfG5] df/]sf tyf le8Gt ePsf] ;dfrf/ gcfPsf] lbg x'Fb}glyof] . t/ clxn] sDtLdf oL kfFr lbgdf To:tf] Pp6f klg 36gf ;'lgPsf] 5}g . wgu9L ahf/jf;Lx? o;f] eG5g\ . t/ o'4lj/fd kl5 klg ufpF rflx+ sf]xL kmls{Psf 5}gg\ . s}nfnLsf] >Lk'/ uf=lj=;=sf rf}w/L kl/jf/nfO{ Ps k6s ;'/IffsdL{n] dfcf]jfbL egL kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . k'/} ufpFsf k'?ifx? To;df k/] . ToxLdWo]sL tf/f rf}w/L em08} kfunh:t} eO5g\ . cToGt ul/a kl/jf/sL oL dlxnfn] ul/aL lgjf/0f sfo{qmd cGt/ut k|fKt s'v'/fkfng Joj;fo ;~rfng u/]sf] lyOg\ . nf]Ug]dfG5] dfly To:tf] ePkl5 / cfkm"nfO{ klg ;'/IffsdL{n] To:t} dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;3fPsf] eGg] gh/ nufPkl5 pgL zx/ cfpg 5fl8g . s'v'/fsf km'n ;8], bfgf eP/ s'v'/f d/] . cGttM @) xhf/ ?k}ofF nufP/ agfOPsf] vf]/ vfnL eof] . pgL elG5g\ ‘o'4lj/fd t eof] t/ of] vf]/ s;n] el/lbG5 <’ o'4lj/fdsf] ;dfrf/n] pgnfO{ s'g} k|efj kf/]sf] 5}g . o'4lj/fd eof] t/ To;sf] kfFr lbgkl5;Dd of] ufpFsf tL rf}w/L kl/jf/ 3/af6 aflx/ lgl:sPsf 5}gg . ‘xfdL dfcf]jfbL xf]Ogf}+ t/ dfcf]jfbL agfOof], km]l/ To;} unf{ lsg zx/ hfg] <’ ufpFsf k'?if hfltx? cem} klg ql;t g} 5g\ . of] 8/ rflx+ ;'/IffsdL{ tkm{af6 plAhPsf] xf] . of] 7fpFdf To:tf %) j6f vf]/ lyP . clxn] ;a} vfnL 5g\ . of] ufpFs} d'nL rf}w/L eG5g\— otf dfcf]jfbLn] klg xfdLnfO{ g} ;tfof] . ptf ;/sf/n] klg xfdLnfO{ g} dfcf]jfbL agfof], xfdL sxfF hfg], s] ug]{ . pgsf] cg'ejdf o'4lj/fd ePkl5 ;'/IffsdL{ rflx+ cfpg 5f8] . t/ dfcf]jfbLx?sf] 3'DtL /f]lsPsf] 5}g . pgn] l5d]sL 3/ b]vfpFb} lxhf] dfq} dfcf]jfbL cfP/ Tof] 3/af6 rGbf nu]sf] hgfP . of] o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ff ePsf] kfFrf} lbgsf] s'/f xf] . cyf{t\ rGbf ;+sng ug{ dfcf]jfbLn] 5f8]sf 5}gg\ . o'4lj/fd e};s]kl5 klg dfcf]jfbLx? of] ufpFdf tLg k6s e|d0f ul/;s]sf /x]5g\ . ‘ltgLx? cfpFbf klxn] ca s;sf] sfn cfof] eGg] nfUbYof] . clxn] rflx+ To:tf] nfu]sf] 5}g’ d"nL rf}w/Ln] o:tf] cg'ej ;'gfP . t/ pgnfO{ cem} ljZjf; 5}g . dfcf]jfbLx?;+u aGb's 5, Tof] /x'~h]n pgLx?n] cft+s dRrfpg 5f8\g] s'/f kTofpg ;lsGg pgL o;f] eG5g\ . pgsf] cg'dfgdf of] ufpFdf dfcf]jfbLsf] ;+Vof ;oeGbf a9L g} 5 . t/ o; cl3 tL dfcf]jfbLnfO{ xf]Og ;/sf/n] ls;fgnfO{ dfcf]jfbL agfP/ kqmfp u¥of] hf] dfcf]jfbL x'Fb} xf]Ogg\ . dfcf]jfbL / ;'/IffsdL{sf 8/n] ufpFaf6 efu]sf pgsf !%–@) hgf l5d]sL o'jf o'4lj/fdsf] kfFr lbg;Dd kmls{Psf 5}gg\ . pgsf] 6f]n g} clxn];Dd klg k'?ifljxLg cj:yfdf g} /x]sf] kfOof] . jftf{ ;'? e}lbP ltgLx? kmls{g] lyP ls < pgL k|Zg u5{g\ .

k|wfgdGqLsf] ;Daf]wgdf skm\o'{

o'4lj/fdsf] 5}7f} lbg of] k+lQmsf/ s~rgk'/sf] dx]Gb|gu/df lyof] . wgu9L cfpg nfUbf ToxfF elgof] cfh wgu9Ldf skm\o'{ 5 /] < Tof] lbg ljxfg k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbn] a]n'sf b]zjf;Lsf gfddf ;Gb]z lbg] ;"rgf hf/L ePsf] lyof] . s] sf/0fn] xf] Tof] lbg dx]Gb|gu/df ;'/IffsdL{x?sf] ljz]if ;lqmotf a9]5 cyf{t\ lat]sf @–$ dlxgfeGbf ljz]if?ks} zts{tf . k|wfgdGqLsf] of] ;Daf]wgsf] ;"rgf Pp6f uDeL/ 36gfsf] ;"rsdf eof] . htftt} / hf] sf]xL klg ToxL ;Daf]wgsf af/] c8\snafhL ul//x]sf lyP . /fhdfu{;d]t ToxL ?kn] Pn6df lyof] . ;do ;Gbe{eGbf leGg kl/l:yltdf x'g nfu]sf] of] ;Daf]wgn] gofF ;/sf/sf] ;d]t rrf{sf] ;d]t u/fof] . of] a]nf wgu9Ldf skm\o'{ nfUg] ;"rgf ul/P5 . t/ Tof] skm\o'{ a]n'sfb]lv lyof] . ;ft}ah] ;'/IffsdL{n] wgu9L k|j]z dfu{df d'9f, 6fo/ df]6/sf yf]qf kf6{k'hf{ / sfF8]tf/ nufP/ k"/} af6f] cj/f]w u/]sf] /x]5 . w]/} cg'go ljgokl5 ToxfFaf6 5'6sf/f kfOof] t/ d'9fx? eg] cfkm}+n] kG5fpg' k¥of] . otf skm\o{"sf] ;dorflx+ * ah]b]lv /x]5 . klxn] l5d]sL s'g} ufpFdf ad kl8\sbf jf ljz]if ;r{ x'Fbf skm\o'{{ nufOGYof] t/ o'4lj/fdkl5sf oL lbg st} klg To:tf] 36gf g;'lgPsf] x'Fbf o:tf] skm\o'{ nfUg] cj:yf lyPg . laxfg k|wfgdGqLsf] ;Daf]wgsf] ;"rgf hf/L x'g' / lbpF;f] s'g} vf; 36gf ePsf] g;'lgPs} cj:yfdf sk\mo'{ nfUg] ;"rgf ul/g' wgu9Ls} nflu klg of] c:jfefljs cyf{t\ s'g} gofF kl/l:yltsf] lgdf{0fsf] ;"rgf eP5 . t/ k|wfgdGqLsf] ;Daf]wgdf To:tf] s]xL ePg . Tof] ;Daf]wg ;'g]kl5 ef]lnkN6;Dd ;a}sf d'vaf6 Pp6} s'/f lgl:s/x]– of] s:tf] ;Daf]wg xf] / s]sf nflu lyof] . k|wfgdGqL ;'zf;gsf] s'/f ug'{eof] . ToxL lbg xfn} u7g ePsf] bf}8fxf 6f]nLn] sd{rf/L ju{df csf]{ cft+s dRofPsf] lyof] . ToxL lbg Tof] 6f]nL wgu9L k'u]/ Ps7fpFdf a;L ;a} sd{rf/LnfO{ Tof] 7fpFdf clgjfo{ pkl:yltsf] pbL{ hf/L u/]sf] /x]5 . sd{rf/Lx? klxn] dfcf]jfbLaf6 cft+lst lyP . vf;u/L lkmN8 js{ ug'{kg]{ k|s[ltsf sfof{nosf sd{rf/L t ljz]if?kd} 6fu]{6 ePsf lyP . o'4lj/fdkl5 s]xL v's'nf] ;f; km]g{ yfn]sf sd{rf/LnfO{ of] bf}8fxfn] csf]{ cft+s yk]5 . Tof] If]qsf] of] bf}8fxfn] s] u¥of] eGg] ToxfF yfxf ePg . t/ o;cl3 hflu/ vfOlbg]b]lv 9fsf 6f]kL nfpg' kg]{ h:tf p6k6\ofªo'Qm lgb]{zg / r]tfjgLsf ;dfrf/ ;'g]sf sd{rf/Lsf] dg oxfF klg cft+lst ePsf] kfOof] .

df]6/ kmls{Pgg\

afFs] xf];\ ls alb{of, s}nfnL xf];\ ls s~rgk'/ s'g} klg ;/sf/L sfof{nodf s'g} xflsdnfO{ sfd ljz]ifn] lkmN8 hfg' k¥of] eg] ljz]if k|sf/n] cfu|x u/]kl5 pgs} 8«fOe/ nufP/ uf8L k7fOG5 / km]l/ kmsf{OG5 o'4lj/fdkl5sf] cj:yf klg To:t} 5 . g]kfnu~haf6 sfd ljz]ifn] s~rgk'/ uPsf] df]6/ pxfF k'Ugf;fy ;'/IffsdL{n] lnG5g\ / Tof] df]6/df uPsf JolQm rflx+ j;af6 kmls{g' kbf]{/]5 . o'4lj/fdkl5 of] kIfaf6 /fxt kfpg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] lyof] . t/ of] ;do dfcf]jfbLx?sf] zlQm lj:tf/ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvPkl5 ;'/Iff an emg\ ;ts{ x'g'k/]sf] sf/0f s'g} klg df]6/x? ;DalGwt sfof{nodf kmls{Psf 5}gg\ . o'4lj/fdsf] PsxKtf;Ddsf] cj:yf xf] of] .

o'4lj/fdkl5sf] klxnf] cfd;ef

cfd;ef t e}/xG5g\ t/ g]kfnL sf+u|];n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] o'4u|:t If]qdf o'4lj/fdkl5sf] klxnf] cfd;ef P]ltxfl;s h:t} /x\of] . a'wjf/ cyf{t\ o'4lj/fdsf] 7Ls PsxKtfkl5 cfof]hgf ul/Psf] of] cfd;efdf s'g} klg kf/fn] csf{sf] eg]gg\ . o:tf] eL8 wgu9Ldf klxnf] k6s b]lvof] . wgu9Lsf Ps Jofkf/Ln] cg'ej jtfP . of] cfd;efdf ljz]ifu/L u|fdL0f hg;d'bfosf] pkl:ylt pNn]Vo b]lvof] . dflg;x? slt pGd'lQm rfxbf /x]5g\ sf+u|];sf] of] cfd;efnfO{ pbfx/0f dfGg ;lsG5 . of] k6s cfd;efdf cfpg]x?nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] s'g} cj/f]w u/]gg\ . klxn] o;/L cfof]hgf x'g] cfd;efdf ghfg dfcf]jfbL cl3Nnf] lbg /flt rf]sr]fsdf r]tfjgL krf{ 6f;]sf x'Gy] . of] k6s To:tf] s]xL ePg . ufpFaf6 cfPsf hgtfx? Tof] lbg pGd'Qm eP/ g} zx/ 3'd] . slt;Dd eg] a]n'sf skm\o'{ nfU5 eGg] 8/;Dd ltgn] dgdf /fv]gg\ . oBlk a]n'sf rflx+ skm\o'{ nfu]/} 5f8\of] . of] k|i6} 5 . of] skm\o'{ ;/sf/n] nufPsf] xf] . a]n'sf ePkl5 3/leq kl;xfNg'kg]{ cj:yf klxn] dfcf]jfbLn] ;[hgf ub{y], of] k6s pgLx?n] t To;f] s]xL u/]gg\ t/ ;/sf/n] g} Tof] sfd u¥of] dfnfv]tL ufpFaf6 cfPsf wg]Gb| kf08]sf] egfO xf] of] . ;xefuLx? & ah]leq ;]gfsf] Jof/]s sl6;Sg' kg]{ 56k6Ldf lyP . klxn] o;/L ;efaf6 kmls{bf dfcf]jfbLaf6 sfjf{xLdf kl/g] lrGtf x'GYof] . clxn] ;'/IffsdL{ ePsf 5g\ . o'4If]qdf o'4lj/fdkl5 Pp6f lrq o:tf] 5 .

lj/fdkl5 kL8f

of] k6s dfcf]jfbL xf]Og dflg;x?sf] pGd'lQmnfO{ s'l07t ug]{ sfd ;/sf/af6} eof] . o'4lj/fdkl5 csf]{ lhNnf s~rgk'/af6 v's'nf] dgl:ylt af]s]/ cfd;efdf ;xefuL x'g cfPsf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ s}nfnLsf] jf]/u8L Jof/]ssf ;}lgsx?n] s'6lk6 g} u/] . Tof] klg nfd nufP/ . pgLx?sf] bf]if olt lyof], cfd;efdf k'Ug l9nf] x'g] ePsfn] s]xL l56f] hfFra'em ul/of];\ egL cg'/f]w ug'{ . o:tf] cg'/f]w s'g} cgf}7f] / c:jfefljs cyf{t\ nfd nufP/ s'6lk6} ug'{kg]{ 36gf xf]Og eGg] cfkm}+ k|i6 5 . cg'/f]wsf klxn] klxn] oxL 7fpFsf] ;]gfn] To:tf] cj;/ lbg] klg gu/]sf] xf]Og . t/ of] lbg To:tf] ePg . s]xL l56f] ul/lbg cg'/f]w ubf{ tL sfo{stf{n] Tof] 7fpFdf b'O{ 306f nfO{g a:g'k¥of] . of] nfOg kfnf] klv{P/ nufOPsf] xf]Og, Tof]eGbf kl5 cfPsf em08} tLg bh{g hlt a;nfO{ kf/ u/fPkl5 dfq tL ljBfyL{n] Tof] Jof/]saf6 kf/ x'g kfP . pgLx? wgu9L cfOk'Ubf cfd;ef clGtd r/0fdf k'lu;s]sf] lyof] . pgLx?n] ;'/Iff hfFr} gu/L jf jnk"j{s hfg vf]h]sf] eP Tof] a]nf ;]gfn] sfjf{xL ug'{ :jfefljs xf] t/ To:tf] s]xL ge} ul/Psf] of] Hofbltn] o'4lj/fdsf] v's'nf] jftfj/0fnfO{ slt ;s; d'Qm kfl//x]sf] 5 eGg] of] If]qsf] Pp6f pbfx/0f x'g;Qm5 . s'g} klg Pp6f ;j{;fwf/0f gful/s cft+lst x'g Tof] dfcf]jfbLaf6 xf];\ ls ;]gfaf6 s'/f Pp6} xf] . :ynsf ;'/IffsdL{sf] Jojxf/n] gful/s kLl8t eP eg] s]Gb|df o'4lj/fdsf zflGtsf] ;'uf /6fOsf] cy{ /xb}g . Tof] lbg tL ljBfyL{ dfly o:tf] ceb| Jojxf/dfq ul/Pg s]xL ;docl3;Dd ;Qf?9 /x]sf] kf6L{sf] em08f klg Rofltof] . of] kf6L{ g]kfnL sf+u|]; cfkm}+ ;Qf?9 ePsf] xf]Og . o;nfO{ ;j{;fwf/0f gful/sn] uf]Ko dtbfg u/L ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ax'dt k|fKt kf6L{sf ?kdf :yflkt u/]sf 5g\ . of] kf6L{nfO{ lbOPsf] Tof] dtdf Tof] em08fk|ltsf] ;Ddfg klg lyof] h;nfO{ Tof] lbg ;]gfaf6 RofTg nufOof] . ljBfyL{ eg]sf] Pp6f ;+ul7t / ;r]t hdft xf] eGg] cfkm}+ k|i6 x'G5 . To:tf] ju{dfly o:tf] Jojxf/ ul/G5 eg] Pp6f ;j{;fwf/0f gful/sn] o'4lj/fdkl5 s] ef]lu/x]sf 5g\ eGg] ;+emf}+ . s]Gb|df dGqLx? /fhgLlts bn / ltgsf g]tfnfO{ ufnL ul//xg] :yndf ;'/Iff anaf6} ltgsf sfo{stf{nfO{ cg'/f]w ul/Psf] ljifonfO{ lgx'F agfP/ s'6lk6 ug]{ / em08f RofTg] o'4lj/fdkl5 o'4 If]qdf b]lvPsf] of] lrqn] w]/} s'/f atfpF5g\ .

em08} xflgof]

of] 36gf klg o'4lj/fdsf kfFrf} lbgsf] xf] / 36gf zdz]/uu~h u0fsf] xf] . of] 7fpFdf ;]gfsf] Jof/]s eP/ kf/ x'g'k5{ . sl/a & ah] Tof] lbg pQm Jof/]ssf] jl/kl/ sf]xL dfG5] lyPgg\ . ;8s vfnL lyof] . ;]gfn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] ult cj/f]ws lrGx adf]lhd x'Fb} cl3 a9]sf] df]6/ clnk/ uP/ /f]lsof] . To;f] ug'{ ck/fw /x]5 . cFWof/f] Ps 7fpFaf6 em08} tl;{g' kg]{ u/L uf8L Jofs ug{ c8{/ eof] . To;} ul/of] klg . jGb's tfSb} ;'/IffsdL{ uf8L5]p cfP . Tof] a]nf;Dd o'4lj/fdsf] ;don] s]xL cl3;Dd k|km'lNnt dg em;+u} eof] . t/ oxfF eg] To:tf] s]xL ul/Pg . elgof]— xfdL !) hgf n8f}+ t/ Pshgf lgbf]{ifnfO{ s]xL gxf];\ egL xfdLn] uLtfdf xft /fv]/ zky vfPsf x'G5f}+ . xf4:g]kl5 ;lsuof] . To:tf] gxf];\ egL tkfO{x?nfO{ kl5 x6fPsf xf}+, dfOg gug'{xf];\ . pgLx?n] b]vfPsf] of] eb|tfn] PsIf0f cl3 8/n] km'n]sf] lhp aNn zfGt eof] . o:tf 7fpFdf /x]sf ;'/IffsdL{x?sf] Jojxf/ Pp6f gful/sn] ug]{ cg'ej o'4 / ;f] sf] lj/fdkl5sf] jftfj/0fnfO{ dx;'; u/fpF5 eGg] oL b'O{ 36gf x]l/of] eg] cfk}+m k|i6 x'G5 . lj/fd t eof] t/ o'4 If]qaf6 8/ rflx+ uPsf] 5}g . x/]s 7fpF hxfF ;'/Iff hfFr x'Fb}g . t/ ;'/IffsdL{ b]Vgf;fy cfb]z jf lgod pNn+3g ul/of] ls eGg] ;Gqf; rflx+ alg/xF+bf] /x]5 . o'4lj/fd ePsf] 5}7f} lbgsf] pQm If]qsf] ofqf cg'ej xf] of] .

cGt/+u

s]zj/fh emf

hGdM !% h'nfO{ !(#(, sf7df8f}+ lzIffM Pd=P= -/fhgLltzf:q_ jL=Pn= . lhDd]jf/Lx?M k|fWofks, k//fi6« dGqfnodf zfvf clws[tb]lv ;x;lrj;Dd, l8k'6L x]8 ckm ldzg af]g, l8k'6L lrkm ckm ldzg, jflz+ª6g, o'g]:sf]sf] sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\sf] ;b:o tyf pk;efkltdf lgjf{lrt tyf Pkm=P=cf]sf] :yfoL ;b:o tyf k|ltlglw, Plzof tyf Kofl;lkms On]S6«f]/n u'|k rf/sf] cWoIf tyf k|mfG;sf] /fhb"th:tf kb ;DxfnL ;Sg' ePsf emf clxn] g]kfn ljZj ;DaGw kl/ifb\sf] cWoIf x'g'x'G5 .

á k|fWofks k]zfdf nfUg] ljlQs} lsg 5f]8\g' eof] <

– To;a]nf k|fWofksx? km]n xf]OG5 eGg] 8/n] nf]s;]jfsf] k/LIff lbg lxlRsrfp+y] . km]n eOof] eg] t ljBfyL{x?aLr ghfGg] k|fWofksdf kl/G5 eGg] ;+sf]r lyof] . d}n] k|fWofks k]zf ;'? u/]sf] s]xL ;dod} k//fi6«df zfvf clws[tsf] kb v'Nof] . z'elrGtsx?n] k//fi6« ;]jf eg]sf] eljiosf] /fd|f] Sofl/o/ xf] eGb} To;tkm{ nfUg ;Nnfx ;'emfj lbP . 7Ls To;}a]nf g]kfn–ef/taLrsf] ;DaGw ljifodf kL=Pr=8L= ug{ hfgdf d 5flgPsf] lyPF . nf];]cf lbg] jf kL=Pr=8L= ug{ hfg] låljwfdf dnfO{ nf];]cflt/} hfg] k|]l/t u/]sfn] k9fO{ 5f]8]/ lxDdt u/L hfFr lbPF— kf; eP5'F— clg t hLjge/ k//fi6« If]qd} ;+nUg x'gk¥of] .

á tkfO{+nfO{ k|mfG;sf] /fhb"taf6 lsg x6fOof] <

– d ljut tL; jif{b]lv nuftf/ s"6gLlts If]qdf sfd u/]sf] JolQm g dnfO{ s'g} /fhgLlt;+u s]xL n]gb]g g} lyof] . k//fi6« dGqfnodf sfd ub}{ HfFbf k|yd >]0fLdf k'u]kl5 g]sfsf] ;/sf/n] d]/f] of]Uotf / Ifdtf b]v]/ k|mfG;sf] /fhb"t agfO{ k7fof] . Pdfn]sf] gLlt / ;f]rfO{ g} s] /x\of] eg] g]sfn] lgo'lQm u/]sf JolQm hlt ;a} g]sfs} x'G5g\ eGg] e|d Pdfn]sf] lyof] . d t To:tf] ;kmn s"6gLlt1 tyf k]z]j/ s"6gLlt1 sd{rf/Laf6 o'/f]k hfg] d dfq} lyPF . c? ;a /fhgLlts lgo'Qm lyP . oxL qmddf Pdfn]sf pk tyf k/fi6«dGqL o'/f]k e|d0fsf cj;/df /fhb"tx?nfO{ lgb]{zg lbg] egL k]l/;df sfo{qmd /flvof] . Pdfn] g]tfn] efif0f ul//x]sf avt xfd|f Pshgf ;xefuL cj}tflgs dxfjfl0fHob"tn] t xfdL oxfF slDghdsf] efif0f ;'Gg cfPsf xf]Ogf}, tkfO{+sf] ;/sf/ ePsfn] eGg'xf];\ xfdLn] s] ug'{k5{ < eg] . To;f] eGbf pxfFnfO{ lrQ b'v]5, Sof/ Û d Ps sd{rf/Laf6 ToxfF uPsf] / Toltv]/ tL; jif]{ cjlw klg eO;s]sfn] k]l/;sf] efif0fdf To;/L a]OHhlt u/fpg] d]/f] klg ;+nUgtf 5 eG7fgL dnfO{ tL; jif{df cjsfz lbPsf x'g\ .

á /fhb"t x'Fbfsf] s'g} clj:d/0fLo If0f== <

– xfd|f /fhf ;+j}wflgs ePkl5 sxL+ klg /fhsLo e|d0f ePsf] lyPg . d /fhb"t eP/ hfg' cl3 df};"kmaf6 bz{ge]6 lbg] qmddf o'/f]lkog /fhgLltb]lv lnP/ ljZj /fhgLltsf af/]df s'/f eP . dnfO{ @) ldg]6sf] ;do lbOPsf] lyof], t/ df};"km;+u () ldg]6 s'/f eof] . d ljbf x'g] a]nfdf df};"kmaf6 x's'd eof]— ‘k|mfG;sf /fi6«klt ldt]/fn] cGo b]zsf] /fhsLo e|d0f u/L tkfO{+ lsg lghL e|d0fdf cfpg'x'G5 < /fhsLo e|d0fd} lsg cfpg' x'Gg < egL eg]sf x'Fbf ;S5f}+ eg] d]/f] /fhsLo e|d0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg' x} .’ elgaS;]sf] lyof] . k|mfG; uP/ k|df0fkq a'emfPkl5 !%÷@) ldg]6 5'§} d}qLk"0f{ e]6 x'g] qmddf -d]/f] cg'/f]wdf g]kfndf klg >L % nfO{ k|df0fkq a'emfP kl5 !%÷@) ldg]6 5'§} bz{ge]6sf] k|s[of ;'? ePsf] 5_ d}n] >L % sf] e|d0f ;DaGwL s'/f /fVbf pxfFn] ;'Gg] ljlQs} oxL jif{ leqdf ldnfP x'G5 egL :jLs[lt lbg'eof] . d}n] h'g ;do ldnfP/ g]kfndf k7fPsf] lyPF– Tof] ;do cg's"n x'g k'u]g / Tof] ;fndf e|d0f x'g ;s]g < aLrdf d g]kfn cfPsf avt >L % ;dIf ;a} s'/f hfx]/ ubf{ df};"kmaf6 ca r} csf]{ ljsNk 8]6 klg /fv]/ va/ u/ g elgjlS;of]— d}n] To:t} ldnfP/ k7fPF– h; cg';f/ ;g\ !(($ df eJo ?kdf /fhsLo e|d0f ;kmntfsf ;fy ;DkGg u/fpg ;lsof] .

á k~rfotsfndf hlt ;do s"6gLlt1 eP/ sfd ug'{ eof], To;sf] cg'kftdf k|hftGq cfPkl5 k|mfG;sf] /fhb"t afx]s s'g} To:tf] 7fpFdf a;]/ cfkm\gf] Ifdtf cg';f/ sfd ug{ gkfPsf]df b'lvt t x'g'ePsf] 5}g <

– d k|hftGqsf] ;dy{s x'F . k|HfftGq gcfPsf] eP cyjf k|hftGq 7Ls Joj:yf gePsf] eP xfdL h:tf] ;fwf/0f kl/jf/sf] JolQm /fhb"t x'g] cj;/ g} kfOb}gYof] lg Û k|hftGq cfPkl5 To;sf] ;+rfnsn] dnfO{ cGofo u¥of] eg]/ ddf To; k|sf/sf] k|ltufdL ljrf/ k6Ss} 5}g . /, 8]df]qm];Ld} d}n] cfkm\gf] k|ltef klg b]vfpg ;s]+ lsgls k//fi6« ;lrj x'g] dfq /fhb"t x'g] rngdf d Tof] kbdf gk'Ub} /fhb"t x'g ;s] . dnfO{ Pdfn]sf] ;/sf/n] 3f]qm]7\ofs nufP tfklg kl5 s]xL g]tfn] Pdfn]sf] gf} dlxg] sfo{sfndf tkfO{+nfO{ cGofo eP5 eg]/ ;xfg'e"lt lbg]x? klg b]vf gk/]sf xf]Ogg\ . k|hftGqd} d g]kfn ljZj ;DaGw kl/ifb\h:tf] :t/Lo ;+:yfsf] cWoIf r'lgP/ g]kfnsf] t6:y tyf c;+nUg k//fi6« gLltsf] ;xL dfg]df k|of]udf Nofpg] sfd ug]{ Tof] ;+:yf dfkm{t\ df}sf kfPsf] 5' .

á Pp6f s"6gLlt1sf] x}l;otn] rLg / ef/t;+u xfd|f] ;DaGwnfO{ s;/L lng' ePsf] 5 <

– d g]kfn ljZj ;DaGw kl/ifb\sf] cWoIf eP otf of] ;+:yfnfO{ ;fFlRrs} k|f]km];glnHd agfPsf] 5' . rLgsf] /fhb"tnfO{ of] dlxgf af]nfP/ af]Ng nufPF eg] csf]{ dlxgf ef/tsf] /fhb"tnfO{ af]nfpg] u/]sf] 5' . To;}n] d}n] k//fi6« If]qdf a;]/ ljutsf] tL; jif{df hlt s"6g}lts cg'ej xfl;n ug{ ;s]+, Tof] d}n] ljZj ;DaGw kl/ifb\nfO{ of]ubfg lbO/x]sf] 5' . ef/t–rLgsf] d}qL ;DaGwdf g]kfnsf] gLlt cg'?k b'j} b]z;+u ;DaGw /fVg' kb{5 . ToxL cg';f/sf] dfgl;stf klg xfdLn] agfpg kb{5 . Jojxf/ klg To:t} u/]/ b]vfpg' kb{5 . To;sf/0f xfdLn] rLgnfO{ prfn]/ ef/tnfO{ y]rfg]{ / ef/tnfO{ prfn]/ rLgnfO{ y]rfg]{ gLlt slxNo} lng' x'Fb}g . d]/f] cg'ejsf] cfwf/df rfOgLh g]tfx?n] hlxNo} klg xfd|f g]tfx?nfO{ hxfF d klg x'Gy] . g]kfnsf] ef/t;+u /fd|f] ldqtf /xf];\— rLg ef/tsf] ;lA;Ro'6 x'g ;Sb}g eGg] pgLx?sf] :ki6 wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 . ef/t klg g]kfnn] PG6L rfOgLh kf]ln;L lnP/ lx+8f];\ eGg] rfxb}g . hlt s'/f lju|G5g, aLrsf dfG5]sf] unt JofVofn] dfq x'g] u/]sf] xf] . ca t rfOgLh g]tfx? rLgdf eO/x]sf] ljsf;af6 g]kfnn] klg kmfObf p7fpg' kb{5 eGg yfln;s]sf 5g\ .

á Pp6f nfdf] cg'ej xfl;n u/]sf] s"6g}lts JolQmTjsf] x}l;otn] jt{dfg b]zsf] kl/l:yltk|lt tkfO{+sf] wf/0ff <

– jt{dfg b]zsf] kl/l:ylt a8f] uDeL/ ag]sf] 5 . b'j} kIf cyf{t\ Joj:yf kIf / Joj:yf lj/f]wL kIf b'j}n] s] s'/fnfO{ x[bo+ud ug'{ k¥of] eg] zflGt gNofO{sg ca oxfF s]xL sfd s'/f x'g ;Sb}g . To;sf/0f clxn] eO/x]sf] xTof, lx+;f / sf6df/sf] /fhgLltnfO{ TofUg' k¥of] . dfcf]jfbLx?n] eg] ;/sf/ kIfsf/x?n] dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ s;/L x'g ;S5 /fli6«o d"nwf/df Nofpg] k|of; ug'{k¥of] . Ph]08f a]u/sf jftf{n] pknlAw x'g g;Sg] x'Fbf o; cl3sf To:tf jftf{nfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ Ph]08f ;lxtsf] jftf{df a:g' k¥of]— Ph]08f a]u/ b'j} kIf lrof vfg jf ss6]n l8g/df a:g] clg df};dsf] s'/f u/]/ a:g] Tof] la|l6z l8Knf]d];Lsf] hdfgf clxn] 5}g .

nf6f]a'+uf]sf] 8fo/L

d's'Gb cfrfo{

dGqLHo"sf] ;jf/L lyof] . ;a} :jfutdf Jo:t lyP . cf;]kf;] / rDrfx? d:t lyP .

dGqLHo"sf] ;'/Iffsf nflu k|x/L / ;]gf k|z:t dfqfdf t}gfy lyP .

d klg gflt–gfltgfsf] tfFtL lnP/ dGqLsf] cg'xf/ x]/]/ cfkm\gf] kfk a9fpg egL ;8slt/ nfu]+ . gfltgL d':sfg cfrfo{n] ;f]wL, dGqLnfO{ lsg k'ln;x?n] 3]/]sf <

gflt k|j]z lg/f}nfn] eGof], dfcf]jfbLn] dfnf{g eg]/ .

csL{ gfltgL d]3f lg/f}nfn] egL x}g x}g Û dfcf]jfbLsf] 8/n] xf]Og, hgtfn] dfnf{g\ eg]/ dGqLHo"nfO{ s8f ;'/Iffdf /fv]sf] .

d':sfgn] k'gM ;f]lw, hgtf;+u dGqLnfO{ s] sf] 8/ <

d]3fn] cYof{O{, hgtfn] sfd ug{ egL r'g]/ k7fPkl5, /fd|f] sfd So} gu/L 3"; dfq} vfP/ a;]kl5 hgtfn] dfb}{gg\ t <

d}n] So} af]lng . af]Ng afFsL g} s] lyof] / Û

dgsf] ufF7f]

v} d'n's ag]sf] <

Joª\Uo dl0f

æx'Fb}g laxfg ldld{/] tf/f em/]/ guP
aGb}g b]z b'O{ rf/ ;k't d/]/ guP .Æ

oL dflysf x/km/x? ;fFRr} ;To x'g\ lsgls ;fFemkvdf ldld{/] tf/fx? em/]/ g} ;'gf}nf] laxfg cfpF5 . of] w'|j ;To xf] . o;nfO{ s;}n] gsf{g ;Sb}g . of] klg ;To xf] ls w]/} ;k'tx? d/]/ g} of] b]zdf k|hftGq cfPsf] xf] . ;k'tx? d/]sf d/} 5g\ t/ d'n'srflx+ slxNo} ag]sf] 5}g . zxLbsf] /ftf] /utn] s'08 el/g cfFl6;Sof], t/ v} d'n's alg/x]sf] 5, ljleGg 7fpFdf ad k8\sfP/ klg of] b]zsf /Ifsx? dfl/Ps} 5g\ . cem oxL b]zsf bfh'efOx? klg b]zs} nflu eGbf eGb} dfl/P . s] logLx? of] b]zsf ;k'tx? x}gg\ / < ev{/} s[i0fdf]xg >]i7 klg dfl/P, of] b]zs} nflu eg]/ lsg of] clxn] t dnfO{ oL dflysf x/kmx? 7\ofSs} ldn]s} h:tf] nfU5 . cfdf t lsg g?FbL x'g\ / < t}klg b]zn] /ut dfu]s} sf/0f o;/L dfG5] aln r9]sf 5g\ . gq eg] b'O{–rf/ ;k't t s] oqf dfG5] b]zs} nflu eg]/ d/]kl5 of] d'n's lsg gag]sf] t < To;}n] zxLbsf] /utn] dfq d'n's aGg] xf]Og /x]5 . zxLbsf] /utn] d'n'snfO{ ;Lldt JolQm, zf;sx?sf] bf;Tjjf6 d'lQm lbnfpnf t/ To;kl5 d'n's rnfpg]x?n] :ki6 lbzf k|bfg ug{ ;s]gg\ eg] d'n's jjf{b x'G5 . zxLbsf] /utsf kmfN;f ;'s]/ v]/ hfG5g\ . /, lgZro g} b'Mvsf;fy eGg'k5{ clxn] ToxL eO/x]5 . hgtfn] n8]/ @)$^ ;fn NofP t/ g]tfn] To;nfO{ hf]ufOlbg ;s]gg\ . kmut h'Fufsf] n8fO{+n] ubf{ d'n's tjfx eO/x]]5 . To;}n] d'n's agfpg b'O{, rf/ ;k'tsf] t h?/t kl/xfN5 ;fy;fy} b'O{rf/ sk'tx?nfO{ tx nufpg' cTofjZos 5 .

– ldt]/L d~r g]kfn

o'4lj/fdkl5 ;a}n] zflGtsf] :jf; km]/]

;GbLk zdf{

d'n's k'gM jftf{do ePsf] 5 . !% df3df ;/sf/ dfcf]jfbLaLr o'4lj/fd ug]{ ;xdlt eO{ zflGtk"0f{ lgsf;sf] nflu jftf{ yfNg] lg0f{o ePkl5 u[xo'4df km;]sf] d'n'sn] ;Lldt dfqfdf eP klg qf0f kfPsf] xf] . oBlk o'4lj/fdnfO{ ck|Toflzt eg]/ z+sf JoQm gul/Psf] xf]Og . tyflk lIflthdf r9]sf] nfnLn] gofF laxfgLsf] ;+s]t lbPsf] 5 . ;Dk"0f{ zflGtsfdL g]kfnL clxn] jftf{sf] nflu s] s:tf] k|lqmof ckgfO+{b}5 jf jftf{sf] qmddf ug'{kg]{ ;Demf}tfsf] k|fljlws kIfnfO{ uf}0f dfGg yfn]sf 5g\ . zflGt x'G5 eg] ;+ljwfg;ef lbg'k5{ eGg] hgdt qmdzM a9\b} uPsf] 5 . ljut ;ft jif{b]lv åGåsf sf/0f lynlynf] eO;s]sf g]kfnLn] o'4lj/fd x'g] ljlQs} u/]sf] :jfutn] ca pgLx? yk lx+;f vKg ;Sg] l:yltdf 5}gg\ eGg] a'lemG5 . lbgsf] xhf/ hgf phf{zLn o'jf s]jn lx+;faf6 d'lQm kfpg ljb]zL e"lddf kl;gf aufpg hfg jfWo x'g' sbflrt s'g} klg b]zeQm gful/ssf] nflu ;x\o s'/f xf]Og . t/ ckmzf]r, To:t} eof] / clxn] l5d]sL d'n'ssf] s'g ;8s lsgf/df 7]nf uf8f 3r]6\b} xf]ngg jf yfKnf]df gf]Dnf]sf] 8f]a a:g]u/L ef/L af]ls/x]sf xf]nfg\ . lx+;fs} sf/0f g]kfn ko{6ssf] nflu c;'/lIft :yfgsf] ?kdf ljZjdf bl/of] . hals lxdfnosf] sfvdf cjl:yt o; d'n'ssf] nflu ;a}eGbf ;'/lIft / a9L gfkmf x'g] Joj;fo g} ko{6g xf] . cfkm\g} 3/df a;La;L cfocfh{g ug{ ;Sg] o:tf] Joj;fosf] 9fF8 efFlRrof], ca o;sf] l:ylt ;'wf/]/ k"j{jtM cj:yfdf k'¥ofpg jf k'/fg} zflGt If]q g]kfnsf] ljZjf; cfh{g ug{ xfdLn] slt d]xgt ug'{kg]{ xf] < To;}n] klg xf], lx+;f rfx]+ s]xL ;dosf] nflu g} lsg gxf];\ s]xL hgtfn] bLkfjnL dfq u/]gg\, afFsL o;sf] :jfutdf s'g} s;/ afFsL /fv]gg\ . ca pgLx? rfxG5g\, jftf{ xf];\ / To;n] ;kmntf kfcf];\ . t}klg, dgdf 8/ x6]sf] 5}g, st} jftf{ ljyf]lng] kf] xf] ls eGg] lrGtfn] . t/ ;/sf/–ljb|f]xLkIf jftf{k|lt ;sf/fTds jf u+eL/ 5g\, Tof] eg] k|s6 x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . t/ klg jftf{k|lt ;QfkIf / ljb|f]xL kIf cl3Nnf] k6ssf] jftf{df eGbf uDeL/ ePsf] ljZn]if0f klg ug{ yflnPsf] 5, t/ oyfy{df pgLx? d'n's, hgtf / hgrfxgfsf] slt sb/ ub{5g\ eGg] s'/f jftf{sf] 6]andf ga;'~h]n o;} eGg] l:ylt 5}g . zfob pgLx? :jod klg o;df cgle1 g} xf]nfg\ . jftf{df b'j} kIfn] bf];|f] kIfaf6 dfq lnG5', cfkm" s]xL klg 5f]8\lbg, u'dfpGg eGg] x7 /fV5g\ eg] km]l/ jftf{ jftf{df dfq ;Lldt /xg]5, kl/0ffd'vL jftf{ x'g]5}g . To;}n] b'j} kIf s]xL nrsbf/ eP/ jftf{af6 k|fKt pknlAw ub}{ afFsL dfusf] nflu k'gM jftf{ ug]{ u/L jf To;sf] nflu zflGtk"0f{ 9+un] /fhgLlts lgsf;df cfpg' k5{ .

– sf7df8f}+ .

cj}wflgs ;/sf/;+u jftf{ <

sflnsf dxt

dfcf]jfbLn] jt{dfg rGb ;/sf/nfO{ dfGotf lbPsf 5}gg\ . To:t}, ;+;b\jfbL /fhgLlts bnx?n] klg rGb ;/sf/nfO{ dfGotf lbPsf 5}gg\ . pgLx? o; ;/sf/;+u clwsf/ gePsf] atfO/x]sf 5g\ . t/ clxn] PsfPs d'n'ssf] /fhgLltn] gofF df]8 lnPsf] 5 . jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ g} dfGotf glbPsf dfcf]jfbLn] To;};+usf] ;xdltdf o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . Toltdfq xf]Og, pgLx?n] ;/sf/;+u jftf{ ug{sf nflu jftf{ 6f]nL;d]t u7g ul/;s]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf] o; lqmofsnfkn] clxn] w]/}nfO{ cfZro{rlst t'NofPsf] 5 . pgLx?n] kbf{ k5fl8 ;Demf}tf ul/;s]sf] klg cfz+sf ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . oBlk tYo ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5}g . clxn] ljsl;t 36gfqmdx?sf] cWoog ubf{ ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLaLr jftf{ x'g] lglZrt 5 . t/ kl/0ffdd'vL jftf{ x'G5 jf x'Fb}g Tof] eg] k|tLIffs} ljifo 5 . o'4lj/fdsf] ;dodf dfcf]jfbLn] b]vfPsf] ckf/bzL{tfn] ubf{ o:tf] cfz+sf ul/Psf] xf] . o:tf] cfz+sfn] st} dfcf]jfbLsf] qmflGtsf/L 5ljdf g} bfu nfUg] xf] ls eGg] ljZn]if0f klg ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . t/ oL / o:tf tdfd k|Zgx?n] dfcf]jfbLtkm{ t]:ofO{P klg pgLx?n] o;sf] v08g;d]t u/]sf 5}gg\ . ;+;b\jfbL zlQmx?n] ;d]t dfGotf glbPsf] of] ;/sf/;+u jftf{ u/]/ ;kmntf g} kfP klg oL bnx?n] dfGotf lbPgg\ eg] s] x'G5 < jftf{sf] cflwsfl/stfsf] nflu klg pgLx?n] ;+;b\jfbL zlQm;+u k/fdz{ jf pgLx?nfO{ ljZjf;df lng'kYof]{ t/ To:tf] ul/Psf] klg b]lvPg . dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/ b'j}kIfn] ;+;b\jfbL zlQmx?nfO{ ‘jfOkf;’ u/]/ jftf{sf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpFbf klg o:tf] cfz+sfn] k|zl:t kfPsf] xf] . o'4lj/fd / o;sf] :yfloTj g} hgtfsf] rfxgf xf] . o;nfO{ :yfloTj lbP/ d'n'sdf zflGt jxfn ug{sf] nflu klg ;j}kIfn] jftf{ kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg bjfj lbg'k5{ . /, o;sf] klxnf] zt{ eg]sf] o:tf z+sfsf] ljj/0f ug'{ xf] .

– 8'8e~Hofª, l;Gw'nL

bnx? lsgf/df

ljzfn clwsf/L

zfxL sbdkl5 /fhgLlts bnx? lsgf/df k/]sf 5g\ . ;Qfdf pgLx?sf] ;+nUgtf g/x]sf] / hgk|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfx? gePsf]n] klg ;+;b\jfbL bnx? kfvf nfu]sf x'g\ . pgLx?n] zfxL sbd ;Rofpg' kg]{ dfu Ps :j/df /fv]sf 5g\ . zfxL sbd g;RofP ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngdf hfg] 3f]if0ff u/L ;+o'Qm sfo{bn klg u7g ul/;s]sf 5g\ . t/ klg pgLx?sf] cfGbf]ngn] cu|ult lng] 5fF6 b]lvGg . oL bnx?sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;d]t cf]em]ndf kfg]{ u/L dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf]n] km]l/, ;+;b\jfbL bnx? e"ldsfljxLg jGg k'u]sf 5g\ . bnx?sf] k|d'vtf /xg] / bnx?n] g} zf;g ug]{ k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf] lvnfkmdf bnx?af6 rf]Ol6Psf s]xL ;b:ox?sf] g]t[Tjdf dlGqd08n u7g ul/Pkl5 t emg\ bnx?nfO{ x'g;Ddsf] kL/ k/]sf] 5 . clxn] pgLx?df ul/5f8\g' ls dl/hfg' eGg] pvfg rl/tfy{ x'g yfn]sf] 5 . o;/L e"ldsfljxLg eP/ /fi6«df ePsf ultljlw 6'n'6'n' x]/]/ a:g jfWo x'g' lgZro g} d'n'ss} b'ef{Uo xf] . hgtfn] kTofPsf bnx?sf] lj?4df rsf]{ cfjfh p7\g', Tolt x'Fbf klg r'krfk ;xg jfWo x'g' / o:tf] /fhgLlts cj:yfdf klg s'g} e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ g;Sg' sd b'Mvb kIf xf]Og . Toltdfq xf]Og, o'4lj/fdsf] ;dodf ;d]t oL bnx?;+u g ;/sf/n] g dfcf]jfbLn] k/fdz{ plrt 7fGof] . pgLx?n] ck|Toflzt ?kdf o'4lj/fd u/] . dfcf]jfbLn] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngsf] s'/f t p7fPsf 5g\ t/ To;df bnx?sf] e"ldsf s:tf] /xg] :ki6 5}g . dfcf]jfbL;+u k|f/lDes jftf{ ePkl5 dfq bnx?df k|ltlglw ;fd]n u/fOg] atfOg yflnPsf] 5, o;n] t emg\ bnx?sf] rsf]{ cjd"Nog ePsf] :ki6 kfb{5 .

hgtf gp7L b]z ljsf; x'Fb}g

1fg]Gb| vgfn

b]zsf] ljsf; u5'{ eG5f}+ ljsf;s} 9\jf· km'S5f}
d?g hgtf ef]s} k?g s;sf nflu u5'{ eG5f}+ Û

e|i6frf/ / 3";v]/L ltd|} ldq lsg 6f9f ;5f}+{
kl/cfP gbL a]R5f}+, lxdfn a]R5f} cfkm" c3fP/ a:5f} Û

ul/a lgjf/0f t s]jn gf/fdf g} ;Lldt 5
dgf]dfgL rN5 oxfF v} sxfF sfg'g 5 Û

g]tfx?sf] afgL hlxn] klg wg b]Vg]
To;}nfO{ cfTd;ft u/ s;sf nflu enf] ug]{ Û

5f]8b]pm ca b]zsf] ljsf;, cfkm\g} lasf; u/
df}sf cfpF5 kv{b}g, ;DklQsf] ;~ro u/ Û

ca hgtf gp7L b]zsf] ljsf; x'Fb}g
3";vf]/L / e|i6frf/L g]tf g]kfnsf] nflu rflx+b}g

– lbJok'/L–^, gjnk/f;L

kl/qmdf

cd]l/sfdf klg cft+lst g]kfnLsf] dg

e§/fO{ aGw'

;fgf]df ;'lgPsf] lyof]– cd]l/sf :ju{h:tf] 5 . cln a'em\b} hfFbf dfgjclwsf/, :jtGqtf / k|hftGqsf] kx/]bf/ eGg] a'lemof] . wfld{s b[li6n] of] of]Uo e"ld elgGYof]– c;n sd{kl5 kfOg] ;'ljwfx? pkef]u ug{ kfOg] 7fpF . cfsfzsf tf/f h:t} hlDsnf] cg'xf/ ePsf oxfFsf gful/sx? ;fFlRrs} c;n sd{ kl5 cyjf c;n sd{sf] nflu x'g\ eGg] jfNofj:yfsf] wf/0ff ;dosf] k|jfx;+u} ablnb} uP/ ljZjsf] zlQmzfnL / ;d[4 /fi6« eg]/ a'lemof] . To;f] eP klg dfgjflwsf/ :jtGqtf / zflGtsf] kIfdf of] d'n'sn] cfjfh p7fpg 5f]8]sf] 5 eGg vf]lhPsf] xf]Og . tL ;a} cf–cfkm\gf] ;f]rdf e/ kg{ klg ;Snf t/ Ps}l5gnfO{ ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf ljgf dfgjflwsf/, :jtGqtf / zflGtsf] kIfdf p7fOg] :j/x? sxfF k'u]/ u'l~hg] lyP xf]nfg\ < o:sf] dd{ / cy{ vf]Hg] ulx/f] w/ftn k'Ug cs}{ ;f]rsf] af6f] lx+8\g' kg{ ;S5 .

cd]l/sf ;a} b[li6n] ljZje/sf dflg;sf] cfsif{s ynf] ag]sf] 5 . k"j{, klZrd, pQ/–blIf0f ;a}sf] cfsif{0f aGg ljlzi6tf ;a}n] kfpFb}gg\ . hfkfg, a]nfot, hd{gL, k|mfG;, Sofg8f klg cfsif{s xf]nfg\ t/ ToxfFaf6 klg ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfk|lt nfnflot x'g]x?sf] ;+Vof sd 5}g . oxfF k|j]z kfpg]n] hLjgsf] ;fy{stf ;+lemg' kg]{ sf/0f s] xf]nfg\ < k};fsf] vf]hL / nfnrn] dfq} o:tf] Jofkstf gx'g ;S5 eGg]x? cd]l/sfdf kfOG5g\ . ;'/Iff, k|ult / ;Ddfgsf] pb\ud :yn cd]l/sf xf] eGg] 7fGg]x?sf] sdL 5}g . To;}n] oxfF l5g'{ ;lhnf] 5}g . /fd|} h'uf8 ug'{k5{ eGg] dfGotf 5 t/ dnfO{ To:tf] ePg, ef]Ug' k/]g . d]/f] *) k|ltzt kl/jf/ cd]l/sfdf ^÷& jif{b]lv a;L cfPsf] eP/ klg xf]nf– ;xh} eL;f kfpg ;s]+ . ut jif{ d]/f afafsf] *! jif{sf] pd]/df cd]l/sfsf] jflz+u6g 8L;Ldf eo+s/ / hl6n zNolqmof ePsf] lyof] . clxn] :jf:Yo x'g'x'G5 / g]kfn kmls{g rfxg' ePsf] 5 . em08} Ps bzsb]lv Ps} 7fpFdf Pslqt x'g g;s]sf] kl/jf/ h'6\g] cfzf lnP/ d cd]l/sL b"tfjf; uPF . ;fdfGo ;f]wk'5kl5 ToxfFaf6 kfFr jif]{ ko{6sLo eL;f lbOPsf] lyof] . To;}sf] cfwf/df alxgL ;Ltf sf]O/fnfsf ;fydf xfdLx? sflt{s @( ut] kftfntkm{ nfu]sf] lyof}+ . csf]{ lbg #) ut] /flt oxfF cfOk'Ubf dnfO{ of] :jKgnf]s h:t} nfUof] . af6f]3f6f]sf] ;+/rgf, ljdfg:ynx?sf] lrtfO g;Sg' 9fFrf–sfFrf, oxfFsf dflg;x?sf] pbf/ / xflb{s Jojxf/n] dnfO{ cf}lw df]xgL nufof] . To:tf] d'Uwtfdf /dfO{ /xFbf bzjif{b]lv ot} a:b} cfPsf efO–a'xf/L -8f=s]zj e§/fO{ / dLgf e§/fO{_l;t SofG;;l;6L cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yndf e]6 x'Fbf cfgGbsf] pTsif{df k'u]sf] cg'e"lt eof] . xfd|f] k"jf{g'dfgeGbf w]/} leGg :j?k / cj:yf b]v]/ d 5Ss k/]+ . alxgL ;Ltf sf]O/fnfsf] bf];|f] 6«Lk lyof], To;}n] p:tf] pQ]hgfdf lyOgg\– pgL t/ dnfO{ of] ;j ‘:j:gnf]s’ nfUof] . xfdLn] jiff}{b]lv u/]sf] sNkgfnfO{ dfy u/L lbg] cd]l/sf s:tf] xf]nf < sf}t'xn / lh1fzf a9\g' :jfefljs} lyof] . klxnf] xKtf o:t} ;f]r / lh1f;fdf d /dfPF– ld;f}/Lsf] /f]h]G;\jy{df .

t/ of] nfdf] b"/Lsf] af6f] eg] ;f]r]eGbf si6k|b eof] . ef}lts ;'ljwfx?n] dfq dfG5]nfO{ k'Ubf] /x]g5 . h'Dnf / uf]/vfdf cft+ssf/Lx?sf] tf08jg[Ton] k'¥ofPsf] rf]6 dly+ªunaf6 d]l6Psf] lyPg . c;+Vo xTof, cft+s / ckx/0fsf ljgfz nLnfn] lylrPsf] dg v'Ng ;s]sf] lyPg . Pp6f c;xfo, ls+st{Joljd"9 / xtf; dfgl;stf kftfnlt/ s]xL lbgsf] nflu eP klg l5g{ vf]Hbf tgfjd'Qm x'g g;s]sf] c;xh l:yltdf ;ft ;d'b| kf/ ub}{ lyof}+ . xfdLsxfF #) sflQ{ssf] /ftsf] ;f9] bz ah]sf] x'Fbf] xf], xfdLx? lgb/Nof08sf] cfD:68{gdf cf}ln{of}+ . ToxfF ev{/} ldld{/] pHofnf] x'Fb} lyof] t/ afSnf] afbnn] 9kSs 9flsPsf] Tof] P]ltxfl;s gu/Ldf rf}k§} hf8f] /x]5 . ljdfgaf6 aflx/ lg:sbf Tof] l;/]6f]n] 5\jf:; 3f]Rof] t/ leq l5/]kl5 cs}{ ;+;f/–tftf], yl/–yl/sf dfG5], ljleGg ;"rgfx?n] 3GsL/x]sf] :j/, cf–cfkm\gf] uGtJo k'Ug t5f8–d5f8 u/]sf ofq'x?sf] c;+Vo e'm08x?, cf–cfkm\gf ljdfgx?sf] l:ylt a'em\g] k+lQmx?n] 5'§} ;+;f/ eg]/ lrgfO/x]sf] lyof] . xfdLx? klg To;}df ;dflxt eof}+ . a'em\of}+– slt ;/n, ;/; / ;b\efjk"0f{ Jojxf/–ToxfFsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] < xfdLsxfF Tof] eft[efj ePsf] eP /utsf] vf]nf] aUg] lyPg ls < /fddl0f 1jfnL, d'lQmgfy clwsf/L, afns[i0f l3ld/] nufotsf xhf/f}+ ;k"tx?sf] Hofg hf]lug] lyof] ls < h'Dnfdf e/v/} dfl/Psf bfdf]b/ kGt h:tf c;+Vo /fi6«;]js sd{rf/L, k|x/L / ;]gfx?n] dg'{ kg]{ lyPg ls < k|To]s df]8 / kbrfkdf To:tf] e'em'Ssf] cfO/xFbf ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf hfg] ofq'x?nfO{ -s[kof_ gy{Po/ nfOG;sf] sfpG6/df ;Dks{ /fVg elgof] . :jefj}n] xfdLx? ToxfF uof}+ . xfdLx?nfO{ cnu–cnu u/]/ ;f]lwof] . cd]l/sf lsg hfg' x'Fb}5 < nu]h, lem6L–u'06f slt 5 < tL ;a} s:n] Kofs ul/lbof] < sxfFaf6 s:n] lslglbof] < cd]l/sf hfg] l6s6 s:n] lslglbof] < ToxfF slt lbg a:g'x'G5 < nu]hsf ;fdfgx? cfkm}+n] k|of]u ug'{ x'g] xf] < jf c? s;}nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 < cd]l/sfdf lrg]hfg]sf sf] sf] 5g\– s] ub}{5g\ –slxn]b]lv a:b} cfPsf 5g\ < o:tf 3'dfp/f, r'sfpg] vfnsf k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm lbg' kbf{ jflxl/ofx?sf] b[li6df cft+sjfbn] ufFh]sf] dfgl;stfsf] kf]n v'n]h:tf] cg'e"lt eof] . xfdLx?n] hjfkm lbO{ ;s]kl5–;f]lwPsf k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm lbg kfl/Psf]df Ifdfofrgf gy{–j]:6sf sd{rf/Ln] u/] . xfdLx?nfO{ ltg} sd{rf/Ln] ;3fpFb} ‘hDaf]h]6’;Dd k'[¥ofP . cd]l/sf e|d0f ;'vb\ xf];\ klg eg] . vf]tNg} gkg]{nfO{ a9L k|Zg u/]sfn] ltgLx? nlHht b]lvP– alxgL ;Ltfsf] ts{ lyof] . To;/L g]b/Nof08sf] ;dofg';f/ ljxfgsf] *=!% ah] xfdLx? cfD:68{gaf6 cd]l/sfsf] 8]6«f]O6sf] lglDt p8\of}+ . 3gf afbn–ulx/f] ;d'b| dfly–dfly p8b} cfD:6«f]O6sf] k|Zgx?sf] s6fIf leq lg;fl;b} ;jf cf7 306f cfsfz}df ljtfof}+ .

=o'/f]kb]lv cd]l/sf;Dd dg zfGt x'g ;s]g . Psl5g emsfpg klg ;lsPg . 3fOt] af3sf] cfqmdstfsf af/] ljleGg s'/fx? ;'lgPsf] lyof] t/ c?sf] d'n's rfxfg{ nfu]sf xfdLx?nfO{ To:tf] cfqmfdstfsf] s] cy{ < d'n'sel/ /utsf l56fn] laiffQm kf/]sf] a]nf ljb]z lt/ nfUg]x?n] To:tf] lrGtf lng' gkg]{ xf] Û t/ dg / dd+{n] gdfg] kl5 s:sf] s] nfUbf]/x]5 < cft+ssf/Lx?sf] aa{/tfsf lzsf/ ag]sf cd/ ;k"tx?sf] cg'xf/ Ps kl5 csf]{, – /Ln h:t} u/L, cfpg yfn], xfdLx?sxfF To:tf aa{/ 36gf x'g] u/]sfn] x\ofk]/ To:tf k|Zg u/]sf t xf]Ogg\ < g]kfnLx?sf] aL/ufyf ca df/sf6df kl/0ft ePsf] t xf]Og < s] xfdLx? klg b'i6x?sf] b'lgofleq km:of}+ < xfd|f] ;u/dfyf, a'4 / k|hftflGqs ;+3if{sf] uf}/jufyf dfly klg sn+ssf] 6Lsf nfUof] < cfD:68{gsf] 5]8vfgLn] dg cf}lw ef/L agfOlbof] ;xg– lrQ a'emfpg ;Sg] 7fpF tL sd{rf/Ln] lbPsf x'g\ . ‘cfkm\gf jfWotx?’ leq /xg' kbf{ tL k|Zg ;f]lwPsf] eg]sf klg lyP / pgLx?n] of] klg eg]sf lyP– clxn] cft+ssf/Lx?sf] tf/f] cd]l/sf ag]sf] 5, To;sf] zts{tf ;a}sf] st{Joleq k5{ eg]sf lyP . dnfO{ h'Dnf / uf]/vfsf] aa{/tfkl5 Tof] 5]8vfgLl;t ;fd'Gg] x'g' kbf{ a9L kL8fg'e"lt eof] . ef/L dg af]s]/ Ps bzskl5 efOj'xf/LsxfF k'Ug ldg]6÷;]s]08 uGb} xfdLx? d+l;/ Ps ut] -ljxfg ;f9] bz ah]_ cd]l/sfsf] ld;f}/Ldf /flt ;jf bz ah] 3/ lelqof}+ .

k|ltWjlg

bf}8fxf 6f]nL ToxfF k'Unf <

bft[ /fi6«x?af6 k|fKt C0fsf] ;xof]uåf/f lgdf{0f ePsf s}of}+ cfof]hgfdf cb[Zo ?kaf6 e|i6frf/ ePsf s'/fnfO{ bft[ /fi6«x?n] klg :jLsf/]sf 5g\ . dflyNnf] txsf xflsdn] tNnf] txsf sd{rf/LnfO{ bafa lbO{ lgDg u'0f:t/sf] sfd ug{ nufO{ To;af6 k|ToIf cfkm"n] kmfObf lng vf]h]sf x'G5g\ . ljZj a}+ssf] C0f ;xof]uåf/f lgdf{0ffwLg ;8s ;'wf/ tyf ljsf; cfof]hgfsf ;xfos cfjf;Lo OlGhlgo/ k'is/ /]UdLn] cfkm" d'lgsf Pshgf sd{rf/L 7]s]bf/nfO{ ;xof]u u/L cfkm"n] eg] cg';f/ d]6]l/onsf] hfFr kf; ug{sf nflu bafa lbPsf lyP . / o;/L u/]kl5 d tkfO{nfO{ ;a} lrhsf] Joj:yf ul/lbG5' gq tkfO+{sf] hflu/ hfG5 eGbf klg tL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] gf]s/Lsf] s'g} k|jfx gu/L :km]l;lkms]zg cg';f/ sfd ug{ vf]Hbf ljleGg if8\oGq agfO{ pQm sd{rf/LnfO{ cjsfz lbOg nufOof] . o;af6 s] k|i6 x'G5 x'g hfG5 eg] pQm cfof]hgf k|d'vsf] Jojxf/ / cleJolQmaf6 g} k|i6 x'g hfG5g\ . Psftkm{ >L % sf] ;/sf/n] e|i6frf/sf] nflu 7"nf] sbd rfln;s]sf] atfpFb}5 eg] csf]{tk{m cb[Zo ?kaf6 e|i6frf/Lx? ;nanfO/x]sf 5g\ . / cfh klg ltgLx?nfO{ o;sf] s'g} c;/ k/]sf] 5}g . To;sf/0f ef]lnsf lbgdf o:tf sfo{ /f]Sg / sf/jfxL ug{ xfn} ul7t bf}8fxf 6f]nL s]xL ;Ifd x'G5 . bfr'{nf lhNnfsf] rd]nL–bfr'{nf v08df bf}8fxf 6f]nLsf] gh/ k'Unf < hxfF cfof]hgf k|d'v lszf]/L/d0f dxtf]n] ah]6sf] #=% k|ltzt /sd lng s'g} sfg'g rflx+b}g eGb} lxx+5g\ . 6f9f eP/ xf] ls lsg xf] ToxfF;Dd gh/ gk'u]sf] <

– rd]nL If]qsf hgtf

Pdfn] ;d:ofb]lv 8/fof]

d'n's clxn] ;+uLg cj:yfdf 5 . ;ftjif{b]lv lx+;f dRofO/x]sf] ljb|f]xL kIf pT;'stfk"j{s jftf{df cfpg tof/ 5 . csf]{tkm{ /fhfn] cfkm\gf] sbd ;RofPsf 5}gg\ . Toltdfq xf]Og, rGb ;/sf/n] r'gfj ;DkGg u/fP/ dfq cfkm" ;/sf/af6 x6\g] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] ?k/]vf wLdf ultdf tof/ x'Fb}5 . t/ oL ;f/f s'/f lg/k]If eP/ Pdfn] dxflwj]zgdf dfq s]lGb|t /x\of] . kbsf] s'/f gldn]/ u'6, pku'6df ljeflht Pdfn]n] d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts ;dfrf/ k/ ;¥of] . ;d:of kf/ nufpg 7"nf] e"ldsf vf]Hg ;Sg] Pdfn]n] lgtfGt kf6L{ut ;d:ofdf km;]/ h'Fufsf] n8fOFdf /xg' slt plrt xf] < s] ljz]if cj:yfdf dxflwj]zg k/ ;fg{ ;lsGg < ljut !@ jif{df clwsf+z ;do k|ltkIfdf a;]sf] bn d'n's ;d:of g} ;d:ofsf] ef;df kmF;]sf] a]nf dlxgf}+b]lv kf6L{ ljjfbdf km:g' g} p;sf] st{Jo xf] t < Pdfn] ;d:ofb]lv 8/fP/ efu]sf] h:tf] b]lvG5 .

– k'ik kf}8]n gofFjfg]Zj/, sf7df8f}+

cy{rqm

s/f]8f}+ ?k}ofF ljb]lzP kl5 k|ltaGw

lbgdf nvklt / /ftdf s/f]8klt aGg] ;kgf af8\b} ljut b'O{ jif{ otf g]kfndf cj}w ?kdf ;+rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] æuf]N8Sj]i6Ædfly ;/sf/n] k|ltaGw nufP kl5 jif]{gL s/f]8f}+ ?k}ofF ljb]lzgaf6 hf]lug] ePsf] 5 . l9n} eP klg ut d+unaf/ u[x dGqfnon] uf]N8Sj]i6df k|ltaGw nufP kl5 To;sf] ;a} If]qaf6 :jfut ul/Psf] 5 . u[x dGqfnon] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf hf/L u/L eg]sf] 5— s]xL ;dob]lv uf]N8Sj]i6 gfds ;+:yfn] g]kfn clw/fHosf ljleGg :yfgdf tyfslyt s/f]af/ ul//x]sf]n] To:tf] sf/f]jf/ cfh}sf ldltb]lv cj}w 3f]lift ul/Psf] 5 . t;y{ To:tf] cj}w sf/f]af/df ;+nUg gug{÷gu/fpg ;j{;fwf/0fdf cfx\jfg ul/G5 . To:tf] sfd u/], u/fPdf sfg'g adf]lhd sf/jfxL x'g]5 .Æ

dGqfnon] uf]N8Sj]i6sf] cj}w sf/f]jf/ ug]{ / u/fpg]x? dfly tTsfn sf/jfxL ug{ If]qLo k|zf;g sfof{no, k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no / lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nonfO{ lgb]{zg klg u/]sf] 5 . u[x dGqfnosf] ;"rgf Tolt a]nf ;fj{hlgs eof] ha sf7df8f}+sf] x\oft l/h]G;L xf]6ndf rf/ j6f hlt uf]N8Sj]i6sf ;b:ox?nfO{ Tof] sfo{qmdsf ;+rfnsx? h]=cf/=efo/, df]gfd]; nufotsf JolQmx? k|lzIf0f lb+b}lyP / eGb} lyP uf]N8Sj]i6 cj}w sf/f]jf/ x}g To;dfly g]kfn ;/sf/n] s'g} klg xfntdf k|ltaGw nufpg} g;Sg] bfaL ub}{ lyP . pgLx? eGb} lyP– æg]kfn ;/sf/n] uf]N8Sj]i6df k|ltjGw nufP bft[/fi6« / ;+:yfx?n] lb+b} cfPsf] cg'bfg /f]lsg]5 .Æ ut a'waf/, laxLaf/ / cfh klg pgLx?n] uf]N8Sj]i6sf af/]df sf7df8f}+df tf/] xf]6nx?df k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd to u/]sf lyP . b'O{ jif{ cl3 xªsªdf a;f]af; ug]{ DofUbLsf /fh' ltlnhfn] g]kfndf uf]N8Sj]i6 leq\ofPsf lyP . ;'?sf lbgdf nfx'/]sf >LdtLx?nfO{ ;b:o agfP/ ;'? ul/Psf] of] h'jfdf em08} !@ xhf/eGbf a9L g]kfnL km;]sf] cg'dfg 5 . uf]N8j]i6 ;+rfngsf] cg'dlt s'g} lgsfoaf6 glnOPsfn] slt g]kfnL of] h'jfdf km;]sf 5g\ eGg] oyfy{ tYof+s slx+ klg 5}g . g]kfndf uf]N8Sj]i6sf afx| xhf/ ;b:o ag]sf] eP clxn];Dd %) s/f]8 g]kfnL ?k}oFF ljb]zL ;s]sf] 5 . t/ uf]N8Sj]i6sf] Jofkf/df ;+nUg JolQmx? !@ xhf/ u|fxs g]kfndf dfq /x]sf] bfaL u/]sf 5g\ . olb pgLx?n] lbPsf] tYof+snfO{ g} ;xL dfGg] xf] eg] clxn];Dd em08} %) s/f]8 g]kfnL /sd ljb]zL;s]sf] 5 . cfkm"nfO{ ;'gsf] / snfTds a:t'x?sf] cGt/f{li6«o v'b|f ljqm]tf atfpg] uf]N8Sj]i6 sDkgLsf] cj}wwGbf dfly ljZjsf clwsf+z d'n'sx?df k|ltaGw nfu]sf] 5 . u[x dGqfnon] ;fj{hgLs ?kdf cj}w 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 uf]N8Sj]i6sf ;+rfnsx? wdfwd s/f]8f} ?k}ofF lnP/ efUg yfn]sf 5g\ . b]zsf 7"nf g]tf, k|zf;s, GofofwLz, 8fS6/, OlGhlgo/, kqsf/nufotsf xhf/f}+ dflg; uf]08Sj]i6 v]ndf ;+nUg ePsf 5g\ . of] v]nsf] ;b:o aGgk|lt #& xhf/ % ;o ?k}of ltg'{k5{ / !) hgf ;b:o agfP kl5 ;'gsf] l;Ssf kfOG5 eGg]5 . uf]N8Sj]i6sf ;+rfnsx?n] #& xhf/ % ;o lnP kl5 $ ;o 8n/ a'lemlnPsf] /l;b lbG5g\ . xfnsf] d"No cg';f/ $ ;o 8n/sf] #! xhf/ @ ;o x'G5 . #& xhf/ % ;o a'emfP kl5 #! xhf/ @ ;osf] /l;b lbOg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] < u|fxsnfO{ ;b:otf lb+bf ^ xhf/ # ;osf] lx;fa x/fpF5 .

uf]N8 Sj]i6 OG6/g]zgnsf] bfjL ;fFrf]eGbf g]kfndf ag]sf p;sf !@ xhf/ ;b:on] em08} %) s/f]8 ?k}ofF a'emfPsf 5g\ . pgLx?s} egfO cg';f/, ^) hgf ;b:o agfPdf @$ ;o cd]l/sL 8n/ kfOG5 . g]kfndf ag]sf] !@ xhf/ ;b:o dWo] # ;o hgfn] dfq @$ ;o 8n/ kfPsf] x'g'k5{ . # ;o hgfnfO{ @$ ;o 8n/ sDkgLn] lbof] eg] klg p;n] !% s/f]8 ?k}of dfq u|fxsnfO{ lt/]sf] b]lvG5 .

To;}u/L !@ xhf/ ;b:odWo] # xhf/n] ;'gsf] l;Ssf kfpF5g\ . hfgsf/x? eG5g\– uf]N8Sj]i6 sDkgLn] !) hgf ;b:o agfP jfkt kfpg] ;'gsf] l;Ssf # tf]nf -#) u|fd_sf] x'g] atfpF5g\ . k|rlnt ahf/ d"No cg';f/ #) u|fd ;'gsf] d"No @* xhf/ @)) ?k}ofF dfq x'G5 . # xhf/ dflg;nfO{ ;'gsf] l;Ssf lb+bf sDkgLn] * s/f]8 ?k}ofF vr{ ug'{k5{ . of] tYof+ssf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ em08} !# s/f]8 nufgL u/]/ sDkgLn] %) s/f]8 ?k}ofF 7uL u/]sf] b]lvG5 . of] o:tf] Joj;fo xf] hlt 7"nf] /sd sdfpFbf klg sDkgLn] s'g} 7fpFdf /fh:j a'emfpg' kb}{g .

g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] ljut 8]9 jif{b]lv uf]N8Sj]i6 cj}wflgs ePsf] atfpFb} cfPsf] xf] . t/ xhf/f}+ ;j{;fwf/0f 7lubf klg ;/sf/n] Tof] sf/f]jf/df k|ltaGw nufPsf] lyPg . dlGqkl/ifb\d} uf]N8Sj]i6sf] Jofks lj/f]w ePkl5 cy{dGqL 8f=ab|Lk|;fb >]i7sf] lgb]{zgdf uf]N8Sj]i6df k|ltaGw nufpg] lg0f{o u[x dGqfnon] u/]sf] xf] .

uf]N8Sj]i6sf] sf/f]jf/df sf:sL, :ofª\hf, jfUn'ª, DofUbL, kj{tsf cfkm\gf y'k|} sfo{stf{x? ;+nUg ePkl5 g]skf Pdfn] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] Tof] wGbfdf ;+nUg gx'g cfkm\gf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ k6sk6s lgb]{zg lbg' k/]sf] lyof] . t} klg uf]N8Sj]i6 v]Ng g5f]8]sfn] ;f] kf6L{n] o; cl3 g} sltko lhNnfsf pRr txsf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ sf/jfxL u/L kf6L{af6 lgZsf;g;d]t u/]sf] lyof] .

g]kfndf ;lqmo JolQm

cf]d u'?ª, hLkL >]i7, gGbnfn k'g, lzlz/ kf]v/]n, OGb| u'?ª, :jfdL k/j/ lbuf/, /fh' s8]n, uf]N8Sj]i6sf] Jofkf/nfO{ g]kfndf Jofks agfpg] cleofgdf h'6]sf JolQmx? x'g\ . pgLx? sf7df8f}+sf ljleGg xf]6nx?df u|fxsnfO{ hDdf u/]/ tflnd lbg] ub{y] . uf]N8Sj]i6sf] g]kfndf s'g} sfof{no gePsf]n] x'G8L dfkm{t ;b:o ag] jfkt k|fKt x'g] /sd xªsª k7fpg] ul/Psf] lyof] . s]xLn] t cfkm\g} j]e;fO6 jgfP/ Jofkf/ lj:tf/ cleofg ;'? u/]sf lyP . h;df /fd' tfd|fsf/, z}n]Gb| tfd|fsf/, clDasf cdfTo, /fh]Gb| >]i7, ;'/]Gb|axfb'/ >]i7 / lk|td /fhsl0f{sf/ 5g\ . uf]N8Sj]i6sf ;+rfnsx?dWo] g]kfndf ;a}eGbf a9L ;b:o logLx?n] g} agfPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

g]kfndf cj}w ?kdf ;+rfng e}/x]sf] uf]N8Sj]i6sf] Jofkf/ cem lj:tf/ ug{ eujfg uf}td a'4sf] lrq c+lst l;Ssf agfOPsf] lyof] . pQm l;Ssf k|sfzg ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cg'dlt g} lnOPsf] lyPg . uf]N8Sj]i6sf ;+rfnsx? lgs6 eljiod} cf/fWob]j kz'kltgfysf] dlGb/, ljZjsf] ;jf]{Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyf / /fhf jL/]Gb|sf] lrq c+lst l;Ssf lgisf;g ug]{ k|nf]eg lb+b} lyP . ;/sf/n] uf]N8Sj]i6sf] sf/f]jf/df k|ltaGw nufO{ lbPkl5 pgLx?sf] ;kgf rsgfr'/ ePsf] 5 .

o'4lj/fdkl5 ;'wf/sf] ;+s]t

nfdf] ;dob]lv d'n'sdf JofKt lx+;f, xTof / cft+ssf sf/0f hh{/ aGb} cfPsf] d'n'ssf] cy{tGqdf ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff ePkl5 Jofks ;'wf/sf] ;+s]t b]lvPsf] 5 . ut df3 !% ut] o'4lj/fd x'g] ljlQs} ;'wf/f]Gd'v x'Fb} uPsf] g]K;]df b}lgs ?kn] a[l4 x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . clxn];Dds} ;a}eGbf pT;fxhgs sf/f]jf/ ut d+unaf/ ePsf] 5 . ;f] lbg g]K;]df Ps} k6s !# c+sn] a[l4 eof] . o; cl3 g]K;]df Ps lbgdf !) c+seGbf a9L a[l4 ePsf] /]s8{ 5}g . g]K;]df ut d+unaf/ ePsf] a[l4sf sf/0f ahf/ k'FhLs/0fdf ;d]t Ps} lbgdf @ ca{ eGbf klg a[l4 ePsf] 5 . clxn] ;"rLs[t ;]o/ #& ca{eGbf klg a9L k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] ;f]daf/dfq ;"rLs[t ;]o/ ahf/ d"No em08} ;fF9] #$ ca{ dfq lyof] .

;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr xfn sfod /x]sf] o'4lj/fdnfO{ :yfoL zflGtdf kl/0ft ug{ ;s]df g]K;]df cem} pNn]vgLo ;'wf/ x'g] k|i6 ;+s]t b]lvPsf] 5 . oBlk zflGt jftf{s} sf/0f dfq ;]o/ d"No olt pRr ePsf] xf]Og . P;aLcfO{ a}+s, g]kfn a}+s, gljn a}+s / PgcfO{;L a}+sh:tf jfl0fHo a}+sx?sf] ;fwf/0f;ef l5§} x'g] / ltgdf l5§} nfe lng ;lsg] cfzfsf;fy nufgLstf{x?n] tL a}+ssf] ;]o/ wdfwd lsg]sf 5g\ . :6fG88{ rf6{/ a}+s, lxdfnog a}+s, g]lan a}+s, g]kfn OGe]i6d]G6 a}+s, a}+s ckm sf7df8f}+, g]kfn a+unfb]z a}+s / 8]enkd]G6 qm]l86 a}+ssf] ;]o/ of] ;ftf ;a}eGbf a9L laqmL ePsf] 5 . lj1x? eG5g\ clxn]s} cg'kftdf ;]o/ ahf/df ;'wf/ cfpg] xf] eg] ?U0f cj:yfdf /x]sf] b]zsf] cy{tGqdf ;'wf/ Nofpg w]/} ;do nfUg] 5}g .

of] ;ftf

ljxLaf/ !^ ut]

r j]nfot ;/sf/n] låkIfLo ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf / g]kfn k|x/Lsf] Ifdtf clea[l4 ug{ yk # ca{ () s/f]8 ?k}ofF ;xof]u lbg] 3f]if0ff .

z'qmaf/

r >L % ;dIf g]kfnsf nflu gjlgo'Qm >Ln+sfnL /fhb"t u|]; PDd'n cfzLjf{yd tyf odgsf /fhb"t 8f= df]xDdb ;fb cnLåf/f k|:t't cf–cfkm\gf] cf]xbfsf] k|df0fkq gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/af/df cfof]lht 5'§f5'§} ljz]if ;df/f]xdf u|x0f .

zlgaf/

r hgsk'/df Pdfn]sf] ;ftf}+ dxflwj]zg k|f/De .

r jf0fL k|sfzgåf/f gjlIflth ;flxlTos k'/:sf/ 8f= /fdbofn /fs]z, s[i0fs'df/L dgf]/y g]kfn :d[lt k'/:sf/ slj If]qk|tfk clwsf/L, u+uf/fd eb|zLn :d[lt k'/:sf/ Zofds[i0f >]i7 / u'? clDjsf sf]O/fnf :d[lt k'/:sf/ ;flxTosf/ z}n]Gb|k|sfz g]kfnnfO{ k|bfg .

cfOtaf/

r dfcf]jfbLåf/f 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf /fdaxfb'/ yfkf -afbn_, b]j u'?ª, s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f / dft[sfk|;fb ofbj ;lxtsf] jftf{ 6f]nL u7g ul/Psf] 3f]if0ff .

;f]daf/

r >L % af6 lqljljsf] s'nkltsf] x}l;otn] ul7t ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/] jdf]lhd k|f=8f=uf]ljGbk|;fb zdf{nfO{ lqljljsf] pks'nklt kbdf lgo'Qm .

r k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbåf/f b]zjf;Lsf gfddf ;Daf]wg .

d+unaf/

r >L % af6 o'lg;]kmsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs Sof/f]n a]nfdLnfO{ bz{ge]6 .

r Pdfn]sf] ;ftf}+ dxflwj]zgdf lgjt{dfg ;xf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnåf/f k|:t't dxf;lrjLo k|0ffnL ;lxtsf] ljwfg ;+zf]wg k|:tfj ;j{;Ddtåf/f kfl/t, cf]nLåf/f k|:t't cWoIffTds k|0ffnL k|:tfj :ylut .

a'waf/

r dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08åf/f g]sfsf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf tyf g]dlskfsf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg ljh'R5];Fu 6]lnkmf]g jftf{ .

r jftf{sf] l:ylt ;xh agfpg dfcf]jfbL ljBfyL{ ;+u7g clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ åf/f clglZrtsfnLg z}lIfs x8\tfn :yug .

r z/0ffyL{ ;d:ofaf/] afx|f}+ dGqL:t/Lo a}7sdf efu lng e'6fgL ljb]zdGqL lhUd]jfO lyGn] sf7df8f}+ cfudg .