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/fhfl;t s'/f ldn]kl5 o'4lj/fd u/fP/ cfkm\gf] Iflt /f]Sg ;kmn ePkZrft dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿ c? /fhgLlts bn;+u ;DaGw ;'wfg{ s8f s;/t ul//x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿ ca /fhf / bnx¿aLrsf] ;DaGw ;'wf/]/ zflGtnfO{ :yfloTj lbg k|oTgzLn ePsf 5g\ . cbfntdf d'2f gePsf] eP k|r08 / 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{ clxn];Dd v'nf¿kdf k|:t't eO;Sg] lyP . ;/sf/k|lt dfcf]jfbLsf] z+sf a9\g yfn]sf] 5 . ;/sf/ ;j{bnLo jftf{ 6f]nL agfpg] kIfdf 5 .

dfcf]jfbLx? o'4lj/fd ug{ ;xdt ePkl5 b/af/ / ;/sf/ d:t;+u lgbfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/df a:g]x? s;}n] ug{ g;s]sf] sfd cfkm"x?n] u/]sf] egL cfTd/lt k|bz{g ul//x]sf 5g\ eg] k|ltudgsf kIfw/ b/afl/ofx? cfkm" lj?4sf ;Dk"0f{ r'gf}tL ;dfKt ePsf] 7fg]/ b· ePsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx?l;t u/]sf] ;xdltnfO{ d"t{?k lbg pgLx? s'g} rf;f] lnO/x]sf 5}gg\ . b/af/l;t /x:odo ;xdlt sfod u/]kl5 cGo kf6L{sf] b[li6sf dfcf]jfbL klg z+sfsf] 3]/fdf k/]sf 5g\ . ;a} kf6L{n] z+sfsf] cf}+nf 78\ofpg yfn]kl5 dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08n] 6]lnkmf]g dfkm{t ;a} g]tf;+u s'/f ub}{ æxfd|f] lgot dfly z+sf gug{Æ cfu|x ub}{ ldn]/ sfd ug]{ OR5f k|s6 ul//x]sf 5g\ . c1ft 7fpFaf6 kmf]g ub}{ cWoIf k|r08n] g]tfx?nfO{ ca rf8} cfkm" sf7df8f}+ cfpg] / e]6]/ lj:t[t s'/f ug]{ atfO/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] kmf]g pgn] clxn];Dd g]sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf, Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, /fk|kfsf cWoIf kz'kltzDz]/ hj/f, g]dlskfsf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg ljh'S5], ;/sf/L tkm{sf jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;+of]hs gf/fo0fl;+x k'g;lxt s]xL cGo jfd g]tf / dfgjclwsf/jfbLx?nfO{ ul/;s]sf 5g\ . o;dWo] ;a}eGbf ;+If]kdf g]sf ;efklt sf]O/fnf;+u / ;a}eGbf lj:t[t ?kdf Pdfn] dxf;lrj g]kfn;+u ePsf] lyof] . of] 6]lnkmf]g ;+jfbaf6 s'g} klg bn o'4lj/fdsf] eljio tyf dfcf]jfbL / b/af/sf] lgotk|lt lglZrt geP tfklg o'4lj/fdnfO{ kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg cfkm"n] of]ubfg k'¥ofpg ;xdt ePsf 5g\ . g]tfx?dWo] ;a}eGbf 5'Rrf], ?vf] / cg'bf/ s'/f lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . t/ pxfFsf cleJolQmx? b/af/n] b]zsf] k|hftflGqs zlQmnfO{ pk]Iff u/]sf] tyf k|hftflGqs d"Nodfly k|xf/ u/]sf] k|ltlqmof:j?k cfPsf] xf] eGg] ;a}n] a'em]sf 5g\ . b/afl/ofx?sf] e"ldsfn] ubf{ pxfF b/af/k|lt emg\–emg\ cfqmfds x'Fb} hfg'ePsf] cfef; kfOG5 . t/ pxfFn] klg o'4lj/fdnfO{ ;sf/fTds eGb} o;nfO{ kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 x'g;Sg] ;Dk"0f{ ;xof]u k|bfg ug]{ ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ePsf] 5 .

;/sf/sf] Jojxf/k|lt dfcf]jfbLx?n] c;Gtf]if k|s6 ug{ yfln;s]sf 5g\ . pgLx? lgs6 Ps ;"q cg';f/ æ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] k"j{ jrgsf] efjgfsf] cg'z/0f gug]{ xf] ls eg] cfz+sf pTkGg ePsf] 5 .Æ pQm ;"q cg';f/, dfcf]jfbLx?n] To;a]nf ;a}eGbf 7"nf] wSsf dx;'; u/] h'g a]nf k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbn] b]zjf;Lsf] gfddf ;/sf/L ;~rf/ dfWoddfkm{t ;Daf]wg ug'{eof] . pQm ljz]if ;Daf]wgdf k|=d=rGbn] dfcf]jfbLx?l;t ePsf] ;xdltaf/] vf; k|sfz gkfg'{, To;cl3 aflx/ gcfPsf t/ cfGtl/s ?kdf ;xdlt ePsf s'/fk|lt k|ltj4tf JoQm gug'{ / /fhtGqfTds ;+:sf/nfO{ g} ldng laGb' agfpg' kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ h:tf s'/fn] pgLx?nfO{ lrlGtt t'NofPsf] 5 . o;af/] pgLx?n] cfkm\gf] wf/0ff ;/sf/ tkm{sf ;+of]hs dGqL gf/fo0fl;+x k'gnfO{ atfO;s]sf 5g\ . dGqL k'gn] cfh z'qmaf/ k|wfgdGqL rGbnfO{ e]6]/ dfcf]jfbLx?sf] efjgfsf] hfgsf/L lbg' x'g] ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLx?n] dGqL k'gnfO{ /fhtGqfTds ;+:sf/nfO{ ldng laGb' agfpg' kg]{ s'/f cfkm"x?nfO{ tTsfn :jLsf/ gePsf] / To:tf] arg s;}nfO{ glbOPsf] atfpFb} o:tf s'/fn] ;/sf/sf] lgotdfly z+sf pTkGg u/fpg ;Sg] hgfPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx? cfkm"x?n] cGo kf6L{l;t jftf{ u/L tL kf6L{sf g]tfx?sf] /fo ga'em];Dd ;/sf/n] To:tf] s'/f gu/f];\ egL bafa lbO/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] egfO 5– /fhtGqfTds ;+:sf/ eGg'sf] cy{ /fhfsf] ;lqmo g]t[Tj / k|ltudgnfO{ ;dy{g ug'{x'G5 . To;}n] o:tf] ljjfbf:kb s'/f lhDd]bf/ txaf6 gp7fOof];\ . t/ ;/sf/L kIfsf] egfO 5– dfcf]jfbLx? u0ftGqsf] dfu 5f]8\g tof/ ePsfn] /fhtGqfTds ;+:sf/k|lt pgLx?n] cfklQ hgfpg'sf] s'g} t's 5}g .

To:t} jGbLx? 5f8\g] ;Gbe{df klg dfcf]jfbLx?sf] u'gf;f] 5 . y'g'jf k'hL{sf] Dofb k'lu;s]sf jGbLx? klg æ5f]8\gf;fy kqmfp u/]/ j]kQf kfg{j]/ 5}gÆ eg]/ cl:t eb|uf]n h]naf6 5'6\g g} dfg]gg\ . lxhf] o; jftf{sf ;xhstf{ dflgg] 8f=jL/]Gb| >]i7 emfkfnL s]xL dfgj clwsf/jfbLx?nfO{ ;d]t lnP/ ToxfF hfbf klg pgLx? 5'6\g dfg]gg\ . To;kl5 8f=emfkfnLn] ;/sf/sf k|ltlglw dGqL k'gnfO{ h]nd} af]nfP . dGqL k'g;lxt yk s]xL dfgj clwsf/jfbL k'u]kl5 dfq eb|uf]n h]naf6 tL aGbLx? l/xf x'g /fhL eP . lxhf] 5'6]sf jGbLx?df uf]jw{g uf}nL, ;'/]Gb| e'h]n, s]zjk|;fb e§/fO{, ;+ud ltjf/L, b]jL cfrfo{, hLjg yfkf, gfgLafa' tfdfª, sdf{ nfdf lyP . ptf gVv' h]ndf eg] s]z/ l/dfnnfO{ 5f]8\gf;fy k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf]df h]nleqsf cGo s}bL jGbLx?n] ljb|f]x u/]kl5 d'Qm ul/of] . dfcf]jfbLx? eG5g\– xfd|f dxTjk"0f{ g]tfx?dfly cem} y'k|} d'2f e'm08\ofOPsf] 5 . d'2fs} sf/0fn] cWoIf k|r08 / 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{;lxtsf g]tfx? e"ldut g} a:g jfWo ePsf x'g\ . tL d'2fx? vf/]h ePsf] 3f]if0ff x'gf;fy pxfFx? k|s6 x'g'x'g]5 . jftf{ cufl8 a9fpgsf nflu klg tL d'2f vf/]h ug}{ kb{5 .

jftf{sf] k|s[of cufl8 a9fpg ;/sf/eGbf dfcf]jfbLx? a9L k|oTgzLn 5g\ . ;/sf/ of] o'4lj/fdnfO{ g} uf}/jk"0f{ pknlAw 7fg]/ ;do v]Kg] kIfdf b]lvG5 . o'4lj/fdkl5sf] bf];|f] r/0f uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng cyf{t\ ;j{kIfLo a}7s xf] . Tof] a}7ssf] klxnf] Ph]08f ‘cGtl/d ;/sf/’ x'g]5 . cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] cy{ xf]— jt{dfg dlGqd08nsf] lj:yfkg . cyf{t\ ;j} dGqLx?nfO{ jvf{:t u/L gofF ;/sf/ agfpg] . Tof] ;/sf/df ;a} k|d'v bn ;xefuL x'g ;Qm5g\ . Tof] ;/sf/ @)$^ ;fnsf] k|s[ltsf] cGtl/d ;/sf/ klg x'g ;Qm5 . To;}n] clxn]sf clwsf+z dGqLx? uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngsf] af6f]df tuf/f] xfNg] bfpdf /x]sf] cg'dfg ul/G5 . To;}n] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngsf nflu dfcf]jfbL g]tfx? g} a9L lqmofzLn b]lvG5g\ . t/ s] dfcf]jfbL g]tfx?n] 8fSb}df uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng x'g ;Qm5 < To;sf] lg0f{o /fhfnfO{ dfGo x'g]5 eGg] k|Tofe"lt s;n] lbg] < uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngn] zt{/lxt ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj u/fpg] lg0f{o u/]df /fhfnfO{ dfGo xf]nf < Tof] ;+ljwfg;efn] clxn] dfcf]jfbL / b/afl/ofx?aLr ePsf] ;xdlt cg'?ksf] cyf{t ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ sfod} /fVg] s'/fnfO{ c:jLs[t u¥of] eg] s] x'G5 < zt{;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj :jLsfg{ uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng tof/ ePg eg] dfcf]jfbLx?n] s'g d'v b]vfP/ k|s6 x'g] < xfnsf] ;+ljwfgleq}af6 ;Dej gx'g] s'/f dfcf]jfbLx?n] s;/L xfl;n unf{g\ < csNkgLo Iflt / pT;u{ Joxf]/]sf dfcf]jfbL o;/L csf]{ rqmJo"xdf km;]sf] 5 . k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx?sf] ;xof]u gkfPdf dfcf]jfbLx?n] ls b/af/sf] c:q ag]/ k|ltudglt/ nfUg'kg]{5 ls km]l/ ljb|f]x ug'{kg]{5 . oL b'j}kIfdf pgLx? 5}gg\ . To;}n] pgLx? k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx?l;t xf/ u'xf/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . t/ /fhgLlts bnx? dfcf]jfbLsf] cfu|xnfO{ :jLsf/ u/L uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngsf lglDt tof/ ePdf uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf /fHokIfn] g} ug'{ kg]{5 . rGb dlGqd08nnfO{ /fhgLlts bnx?n] dfGotf glbPsf / rGbsf] cfu|xdf ;j{bnLo a}7ssf nflu klg tof/ gePsfn] ;/sf/sf] cu|;/tfdf dfq To:tf] uDeL/ a}7s gx'g ;Qm5 . o;sf nflu :jo+ >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] cu|;/tf ckl/xfo{ x'g hfG5 . >L % af6 s'g dfkb08sf cfwf/df uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng ug]{ < Tof] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf p7]sf k|Zgsf] hjfkm s;n] lbg] < /fhf s'g kIfdf nfUg] < ;j{dfGo / /fli6«o Pstfsf] k|tLs jGg'kg]{ /fhf s'g} Pp6f kIfdf nfUbf To;sf] k|efj / k|lts[of s:tf] xf]nf < To;}n] o'4lj/fd hlt ;lhn} eof] o;nfO{ tflTjs kl/0fltdf k'¥ofpg Tof] eGbf w]/} uDeL/ u[xsfo{sf] vfFrf] 5 .

o'4lj/fdkl5 b]lvPsf r'gf}tL / ;+efjgfnfO{ b[li6ut u/]/ g} ;/sf/L jftf{ 6f]nLnfO{ k"0f{tf glbOPsf] xf] . jftf{ 6f]nLdf dGqLx?jfx]s g]sf, Pdfn] / /fk|kfsf k|ltlglwnfO{ klg ;dfj]z ug]{ >L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/sf] OR5f /x]sf] a'lemG5 . Tof] l:yltdf gf/fo0fl;+x k'gsf] x}l;ot ;+of]hssf] geP/ ;b:osf] dfq /xg]5 .

dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfkm\gf]tkm{sf] ;+of]hs pRr:t/Lo /fhgLlts / af}l4s JolQmTj 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{nfO{ agfPsf]n] ;/sf/n] klg ToxL :t/sf] JolQmnfO{ ;+of]hs agfcf];\ eGg] dfcf]jfbLx?sf] rfxgf 5 . To;}n] ;DejtM ;/sf/n] klg dfcf]jfbLn] em}+ Pp6f ‘8f=’nfO{ g} ;+of]hs agfpg] ;Defjgf 5 . nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbn] k|wfgdGqLsf] lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNgf;fy /fk|kfsf tTsfnLg pkfWoIf 8f=k|sfzrGb| nf]xgLsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ;j{bnLo sfo{bn u7g ug]{ of]hgf agfpg' ePsf] To;}a]nf k|sfzdf cfPsf] lyof] . cGo kf6L{x? ;xefuL x'g OGsf/ ug]{ nIf0f b]lvPkl5 Tof] of]hgf To;} yGsfOPsf] lyof] . x]Ssf /xf];\ /fk|kfsf] tkm{af6 dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] cWoog / cg';Gwfg u/L ;'emfj tof/ kfg]{ lhDd]bf/L 8f=nf]xgLn] g} kfpg' ePsf] lyof] . To;}n] ;/sf/n] 8f=nf]xgLnfO{ g} ;+of]hs agfP/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf k|jQmf tyf ;~rf/ dGqL /d]zgfy kf08] -h;n] /fhf jL/]Gb|s} ;dodf df};"kmsf] cg'dlt lnP/ k|r08 / afa'/fd;+u s'/fsfgL ug'{ ePsf] lyof]_ / dGqL gf/fo0fl;+x k'g tyf sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf k|ltlglw ;lDdlnt jftf{ 6f]nL u7g ug]{ tof/L e}/x]sf] a'lemG5 . sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf] ;xdlt kfpgf;fy 6f]nLsf] 3f]if0ff x'g ;Qm5 . t/ sf+u|]; / Pdfn]nfO{ o; sfo{df ;xefuL u/fpg ;lhnf] 5}g .

;xdlt ePkl5 n7\7L;d]t a'emfpg] 5f}+ M dfcf]jfbL

s] dfcf]jfbLn] xltof/ a'emfpnfg\ < cfd gful/sx?sf] dgdf pl7/x]sf] of] k|Zg lxhf] ‘ljdz{’n] dfcf]jfbL lgs6 JolQm ;fd' /fVbf pgn] eg]— 9'Ss x'g'xf];\, ;xdlt x'gf;fy xfdL 7"N7"nf xltof/ dfq x}g cfkm"x?n] c:qsf] ?kdf k|of]u ul/cfPsf n7\7L;d]t a'emfpg] 5f}+ . xfdLn] /x/n] xltof/ p7fPsf xf]Ogf}+ / To;nfO{ /fvL 5f]8\g] xfd|f] s'g} rfxgf 5}g .

æca xfdL cfkm\gf] Wo]odf zflGtk"0f{ 9+uaf6} cufl8 a9\g rfxG5f}+ / zflGtk"0f{ 9+uaf6 cufl8 a9\bf xltof/sf] cfjZostf x'Fb}g . To;}n] xfdL xltof/ /fVg OR5's 5}gf}+ . t/ of] d'2fsf] ;dfwfg ug{ klg jftf{ t x'g'k¥of] lg . jftf{af6 o:tf ;a} ;d:of / z+sfsf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsG5Æ— pQm ;"qsf] egfO{ 5 . dfcf]jfbLx?sf] egfO{ 5— /fHon] xfdL;+u /x]sf xltof/x?sf] af/]df dfq x}g xltof/ af]Sg]x?sf af/]df klg ;f]Rg' k5{ . tL

;}lgsx?nfO{ s] ug]{ < tflnd k|fKt tL axfb'/ ;}lgsx?nfO{ 3fF; sf6\g / xnf] hf]Tg hf eGg] < ltgLx?sf] lhDd]bf/L /fHon] lng] ls glng] < pQm dfcf]jfbL ;"qn] jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf a;]kl5 o:tf s'/fx? ldNg] ljZjf; k|s6 ub}{ eGof]— ca dfcf]jfbLl;t s;}n] 8/fpg' kb}{g . xfdL cfkm\gf] jrg kfng u/]/} 5f]8\5f}+ .

o'4lj/fd To;} ePsf] xf]Og, To;sf k5fl8 w]/} sf/s tTj 5g\ eGb} pQm ;"qn] ljdz{sf] Pp6f k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf eGof]— dfcf]jfbLx? d'n'ssf] jf:tljstf / ;d;fdlos oyfy{sf] ljk/Lt hfg] 5}gg\ . uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf x'g] ;xdlt / hgtfsf] lg0f{o xfdLnfO{ dfGo x'g]5 .

ca g em:s, g t;{

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;Gtf]ifsf] s'/f s] 5 eg] ca kf]nkf]6 jf tflnjfgL zf;g Joxf]g'{ kg]{ qf;sf] cGTo ePsf] 5 .

l;kfxLx? w]/} x'Fb}df n8fO{+ lhltb}g . s'zn v]nf8Ln] r];df yf]/} Kofbfs} ;xfotfaf6 klg /fhfnfO{ …dftÚ lbPsf] x'G5 eg] s'g} v]nf8L ;kmntfsf] lzv/df k'u]/ klg Pp6f unt rfn rfNgfn] zlQmsf] 7"n} e08f/ eP klg nHhf:kb 9+un] k/fhLt x'G5 . /fHo;Qf / dfcf]jfbLaLr xfn rln/x]sf] v]ndf sf] ljhoL x'G5 eGg] pT;'stf w]/}df 5 . v]nsf] clGtd kl/0ffd 3f]lift x'g ;do nfUg]5, t/ dfcf]jfbLx?n] oltv]/ h'g uf]6L rfn]sf 5g\, Tof] x]bf{ clxn] g} eGg ;lsG5— dfcf]jfbLx? ca ;kmn x'g] 5}gg\ Û

dfcf]jfbLx?n] of] v]n— æhgo'4Æ— sf] k|f/De g} unt rfnaf6 u/]sf lyP . hgtfsf] lg/Gt/sf] ;+3if{ Pj+ jlnbfgkl5 cfPsf] k|hftGqn] k|f/lDes r/0f klg kf/ ubf{ gub}{ To;nfO{ c;kmn 3f]lift u/L ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ;+;bLo k4ltsf] xTof ug{ aGb's af]s]/ lg:sg' pgLx?sf] dxfe"n lyof] . xf], /fHo ;+oGqsf] sdhf]/Ln] ubf{ pgLx? lx+;f, cft+s / ljWj+; dRrfpg cgk]lIft ?kdf ;kmn eP s'g} If0f /fHo;Qfsf] ;ftf] klg p8fO lbP, t/ pgLx? ;kmn g} x'g]5g\ eGg] cg'e"lt slxNo} klg / k|foM s;}nfO{ klg ePg . o'4lj/fd / jftf{sf] klxnf] cj;/nfO{ ;b'kof]u u/]/ cfkm"nfO{ zflGt, k|hftGq / ljsf;sf] kIfdf pEofO hgtfaLr uPsf] eP o; a]nf;Dd dfcf]jfbLx? Pp6f cs}{ :j?kdf k|ultzLn zlQmsf] ?kdf :yflkt x'g ;Sy], t/ o;aLrsf pgLx?sf lqmofsnfk cfTd3ftL dfq l;4 ePg, To;n] pgLx?sf] b]zelQmdfly g} k|ZglrGx v8f ul/lbof] . @)%* sflt{s @* ut] t];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{af6 lgl:sPkl5 yk sl/a ^ xhf/ hgfsf] xTof, Tof] eGbf s}of}+ u'0ffdfly cfqmd0f / d'n'snfO{ c/af}+sf] Iflt k'¥ofPkl5 pgLx? ca ToxL s'/f :jLsfg{ tof/ ePsf 5g\, h'g s'/f lbg g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;/sf/ ToxL a]nf tof/ lyof] . cft+lst u/]/ u0ftGq / hgjfb NofP/} 5f]8\g] pgLx?sf] ;kgf ca e+u ePsf] 5 . cGttM rf/}lt/ 3]l/Pkl5 / a8f] d'lZsnn] ;+sng u/]sf z:q, zlQm / ;xof]4fx? u'dfPkl5 pgLx? ‘b]zelQmnfO{ ldngljGb'’ agfO{ c? bnx?;+usf] ;xdlt sfod u/]/ zflGtk"0f{ 9+un] cl3 a9\g] lgisif{df k'Ug ljjz ePsf x'g\ . o'4lj/fd u/]df k"j{jtM l:yltdf j:g / afFRg lbOg] arg /fHoaf6 kfpg'nfO{ dfq klg pgLx?n] ca pknlAw 7fGg' kg]{ ePsf] 5 . s'g} /fhgLlts bnsf] unt /0fgLltn] ubf{ s'g} d'n's / :jo+ Tof] ;d"xn] 7"nf] b'ikl/0ffd ef]Ug' k/]sf] 36gfsf] gd"gf ag]sf] 5 of] dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng . ;Gtf]ifsf] s'/f s] 5 eg] ca kf]nkf]6 jf tflnjfgL zf;g Joxf]g'{ kg]{ qf;sf] cGTo ePsf] 5 . ca rflx+ pgLx?n] k'/fgf] uNtLsf] k'g/fj[lQ ub}{gg\ ls < g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df o:tf] Tofu, jlnbfg / s7f]/ ;+3if{ ug]{ s'g} bn ePgg\, h:tf] g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbLn] u¥of] . /fli6«otf / hgclwsf/sf nflu o:tf] ;dk{0f ;+;f/sf lj/n} kf6L{x?df kfOG5 . pgLx?sf] o'4sf}zn klg rdTsfl/s g} lyof] . t/ /fhgLlts kl/jt{g dfG5]sf] nf;sf] ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df dfq x'Fb}g . cft+såf/f hgtfsf] cf:yf k|fKt ug{ ;lsb}g . jGb's / lj:kmf]6gn] eo >[hgf ub{5, ljZjf; x}g . lgbf]{if / lg/Lx gful/ssf] xTof ug]{ o'4nfO{ s;}n] klg ‘hgo'4’ dfg]gg\ / /fi6«nfO{ ljWj+; ug]{ sfo{ /fi6«jfbL 7xl/Pg . hgtfsf] cf:yf, ;dy{g / ;xeflutf gx'g] s'g} klg

cfGbf]ngn] o:t} b'vfGt em]Ng' kb{5 .

á á

/fhgLlt ug]{ s'g} klg JolQm / bnsf] nIo b]zsf] j[xQ/ lxt / hgtfsf] sNof0f x'g'kb{5 . /fi6«sf] nflu cfjZos kbf{ tyf d'n'ssf] cl:tTj g} ;+s6df kg{ nfu]df /fhgLlts g]tf / bn s'g} klg hf]lvd p7fpg tof/ x'g'kb{5 . s'g} ;do aL=kL=sf]O/fnf o:t} hf]lvd p7fP/ æ/fli6«o d]nldnfkÆsf] ;Gb]z;lxt :jb]z kmls{g' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFnfO{ t'?Gt} lu/km\tf/ u/]/ d[To'b08;Dd x'g ;Sg] d'2f rnfpFb} nfdf] ;do;Dd y'gfdf /flvPsf] lyof] . sf]O/fnfn] clxn] dfcf]jfbLn] h:tf] s'g} zt{ /fv]/ o'4lj/fd ug'{ ePsf] lyPg . pxfF ;Qfwf/Lx?l;t s'/f ldnfP/, cfkm"dflysf k|ltjGw / d'2f vf/]h u/fP/ :j]bz kmls{g' ePsf] xf]Og . pxfFn] k|hftGqsf nflu ;z:q ;+3if{sf] cfx\jfg / ;+rfng ug'{, u/fpg' eof] . t/ tTsfn Tof] ;kmn gx'g], a? /fi6« ;+s6df kg]{ cg'e"lt x'gf;fy /fli6«o ;xdltaf6} ;dfwfg vf]Hg] ;+sNk u/]/ ef/taf6 g]kfn cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . kl/l:yltsf] ljZn]if0f u/]/ / æcGt/fTdfsf] cfjfh ;'g]/Æ pxfFn] rfNg' ePsf] Tof] sbdn] d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts jftfj/0fdf g} Jofks kl/jt{g Nofof] . Toltdfq x}g To;n] hgzlQm /fhzlQmaLr nfdf] ;dob]lv rn]sf] s6'tf / tgfj x6fpg'sf ;fy} ;xsfo{sf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f u¥of] . aL=kL=n] tTsfnLg /fHo;Qf / k|hftGqjfbLx?df Ps csf{k|lt /x]sf] qf; / cljZjf;sf] efjgf d]6fpg cfx\jfg ug'{eof]— æk~rx? k|hftGqjfbL;+u g em:s, k|hftGqjfbLx? k~r;+u g t;{ .Æ aL=kL=sf] ;z:q ;+3if{sf] :yug, :jb]z cfudg / To;kl5 ePsf zflGtk"0f{ ultljlwn] ubf{ /fhf olt cfZj:t eP ls /fhgLlts k|0ffnL 5fGg hgdt ;+u|x g} u/fOof] . hgdt;+u|xsf] k|lqmof, ;+rfng / kl/0ffd ‘ck]lIft’ / ‘ck|Toflzt’ eP tfklg aL=kL=n] To;nfO{ :jLsf/ u/]/ dxfg /fhg]tfsf] rl/q k|bz{g ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o:tf 36gf w]/} b]zdf x'G5g\ . h'g g]tf o:tf] clUg k/LIffaf6 ;kmntf;fy pQL0f{ x'G5, Tof] /fhg]tf aGb5 . k|r08 / 8f=afa'/fdn] ca o:t} clUg k/LIffsf] ;fdgf ug'{ kg]{ ePsf] 5 . of] o'4lj/fdkl5 klg hgtfsf] dgaf6 dfcf]jfbLsf] eo ;dfKt ePsf] 5}g . ljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ePsf] 5}g . pgLx?n] Psflt/ hgtfsf] dg–dl:tisaf6 cft+ssf] 5fofF x6fpg' kb{5 eg] csf]{lt/ /fhgLlts bnx?sf] ;b\efjgf klg xfl;n ug'{kb{5 . cl3Nnf] ljZjf;3ftn] ubf{ pgLx?sf] ljZjf;gLotf w]/} lu/]sf] 5 . To;}n] pgLx?sf] jQmJonfO{ kTofpg sf]xL klg tof/ 5}gg\ . k|hftGqsf] :yfkgf, k'g:yf{kgf Pj+ ;+/If0f ;Dj4{gsf nflu ;dlk{t /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ s'g} ;+s]t;Dd glbO{ ul/Psf] o'4lj/fdn] of] o'4lj/fdsf] dxTj / k|efj Go"g u/fPsf] 5 . o'4lj/fd / zflGt xf];\ eGg] pTs6 rfxgf /fVg] bnx?sf] ljZjf; lhTg dfcf]jfbLx?n] yk kl/>d ug'{ kg]{ ePsf] 5 . b/af/dfly a9\b} uPsf] bafa sd u/fpg tyf cGo /fhgLlts bnx?sf] t]hf]jw ug{ pgLx? b/af/sf] s7k'tnL ag]sf t x}g eGg] g]tfx?sf] wf/0ffnfO{ k|r08sf] ;fwf/0f 6]lnkmf]g jftf{n] d]6\g ;s]sf] 5}g . t/ ca /fhgLlts bnx?n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ pgLx?sf sdhf]/L, uNtL, e"n / dxfe"n ;'gfP/ tyf cfz+sf / cGof}n >[hgf u/]/ ;do v]/ kmfNg' plrt x'Fb}g . dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLltsf] d"nwf/df NofP/ pgLx?sf] zlQm, ;fdYo{ / phf{nfO{ d'n'ssf] gjlgdf{0fdf pkof]u ug]{lt/ nfUg] xf] eg] /fi6«n] gofF hLjg k|fKt ug{ ;S5 . dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfkm\gf] nIo hgjfb gfdsf] PsbnLo tfgfzfxL jf k|ltudg gePsf] tyf cfkm" hgtfsf cfwf/e"t clwsf/ / :jtGqtfsf nflu g} ;dlk{t /xg] Pj+ ca lx+;fTds dfu{ cg'z/0f gu/L zflGtk"0f{ k|hftflGqs k|lqmofaf6 cufl8 a9\g] ljZjf; lbnfPdf Ps csf{;+u g eml:sg] / g tl;{g] l:ylt aGg ;S5 . k|hftflGqs / hgkIfLo /fhgLlts zlQmx?aLrsf] Pstf, ;b\efjgf / ;xsfo{n] cGof}nsf] t'jfnf] lr/]/ o'4lj/fdnfO{ kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg ;Qm5 .

Pdfn]M cem} klg df]ntf]ns} gLlt

s]Gb|df lgs} 7"nf] v}nfa}nf dRrfP/ dxflwj]zgsf nflu hgsk'/ k'u]sf] g]skf Pdfn] s'g} 7f]; sfo{qmd glnO{ /fhwfgL kmls{Psf] 5 . ut !* ut]b]lv ;'? ePsf] o;sf] ;ftf} dxflwj]zg lxhf] ljlwjt ?kdf ;DkGg eof] . eljiodf of] kf6L{n] s] ug]{ eGg] klxn] hlt c:ki6 lyof] dxflwj]zg :ynaf6 ;a} ljsNk v'nf /fVg] cyf{t\\ htftt} jfu]{lg· ug]{ 7fpF agfP/ ;DkGg eof] . ;DkGg dxflwj]zgn] kfl/t u/]sf] d"n ljifodf ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg hgdt;+u|x ;+ljwfg;ef cflb h'g;'s} a]nf h'g;'s} s'/fdf hfg ;lsg] af6f] lgdf{0f ug'{ dfq /x]sf] b]lvof] .

Pdfn]sf] of] dxflwj]zgsf] o:tf] lg0f{onfO{ ko{j]Ifsx?n] cYof{pg yfn]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] 7DofO{ cg';f/ ;a} ljsNk v'nf /fVg] eGg' ;a} kIfnfO{ cfkm\gf] :jfy{sf nflu jfu]{lgª ug{] d"n af6f] lgdf{0f ug{' xf] . of] af6f] cGt/ut Psflt/ b/af/nfO{ kmsfpg klg ;lsg] / t;f{pg] klg To:t} dfcf]jfbLx?k|lt lgs6tf klg b]vfpg ldNg] / 3'Sof{pg klg ;lsg], cfkm"nfO{ ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] kIfw/ egL lrgfpg klg kfOg] / df}sf cfPdf u0ftGqsf] kIfdf hfg klg ;Dej x'g] hgdt;+u|xsf] s'/f cl3 a9] To;df klg hfg ;lsg], ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfunfO{ :jLsf/ / c:jLsf/ b'j} ug{ ldNg], jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] /Iff ug{ klg ldNg] / To;nfO{ ;+zf]wg jf vf/]hLsf] s'/f p7] To;df klg hfg ;lsg] h:tf ljsNkx? v'nf ljsNkleq kb{5g\ . Pdfn]n] dxflwj]zgaf6 k|:tfjdf ;do cfOkbf{ g]kfnL sf+u|];;+u ldn]/ cufl8 a9\g klg ;lsg] / /fhf;+u tfnd]n klg x'g ;Sg] cj:yf ljBdfg 5 . Pdfn]sf] of] v'nf ljsNkdf /fhfåf/f u7g ul/of] eg] Tof] ;/sf/df klg hfg ldNg] / otf jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ c;Dj}wflgs egL hgfO/xg klg kfOg] tyf g]kfnL sf+u|];n] p7fpFb} cfPsf] ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgsf] dfu k"/f eof] eg] To;df cfkm" ;a}eGbf 7"nf] bnsf] x}l;ot b]vfpg klg kfOg] h:tf crDdsf] j'6L kf]sf] kf/]sf] 5 .

Pdfn];+u of] k6s dxflwj]zgdf kfl/t ug]{ s'g} gofF sfo{qmd lyPg . kfFrf} / 5}7f}+ a}7sn] kfl/t u/]s} sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] lg0f{o klxn] g} ePsf] lyof] . hgsk'/ dxflwj]zg :yndf ToxL s'/f :jLs[t eof] cyf{t\ k'/fg} sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOof] . Ph]08fljxLg ePs} sf/0f Pdfn]n] o:tf] r6s] ‘Ph]08f’ kfl/t u/]sf] x'g ;S5— ko{j]Ifsx? o;f] eG5g\ . o;n] oqf] dxflwj]zg :yndf nu]sf] To;cl3 s]Gb|b]lv ufpF;Dd dt ljefhg ePsf] ljifo lyof]– cWoIffTds ls dxf;lrjLo k4ltnfO{ cjnDjg ug]{ . of] Pdfn]sf] dfq} rf;f]sf] ljifo lyof] . cyf{t\ eljiodf Pdfn]sf] e"ldsf s:tf] x'G5 eGg] Pdfn] aflx/sfx?sf] rf;f];+u of] ljifo ;DalGwt lyPg . oxL ljifodf km/s dt aGof] . t/ dxflwj]zg:yndf of] klg kmf;km'; eof] . cf]nLsf] 3'sL{ g]kfnsf] k]nfg oxL s'/f lnP/ k|ltlglwx? 3/ kms{g yfn]sf] s'/f ljdz{sf hgsk'/ ;Djfbbftfn] hgfP . jf:tjdf eof] klg To:t} . km/s dtsf k|:tf]tf elgPsf cf]nLn] 3'sL{ b]vfpg' afx]s s]xL ug{ ;s]gg\ . dxflwj]zgsf] l;+uf] kl/0ffd dfwj g]kfns} kIfdf /x\of] . cf]nLsf] cWoIffTds k|0ffnLsf] k|:tfj cg'lrt geP klg ;+u7gdf g]kfns} jr{Zj /x]sfn] cf]nLsf kIfw/ cToGt Go'g b]lvP . oxfF;Ddls cfkm\gf] k|:tfjnfO{ dtbfgdf n}hfg] cfF6;Dd klg pxfFn] ug{ ;Sg'ePg . kf6L{ Pstfsf] nflu cfkm"n] k|:tfj :ylut u/fPsf] bfjL u/] tfklg cfkm\gf] pQm lg0f{okZrft ;+:yfkg kIfn] cg]s xts08f ckgfPsf] cf/f]k cf]nLn] nufPsfn] pxfFn] pQm cfbz{sf] kf]n v'n]sf] 5 . d"n k|:tfjdf dtbfg gePsf] Pp6} dfq k|:tfj u/fPsf] x'Fbf ;j{;Ddlt x'g :jfefljs lyof] . dfwjs'df/ g]kfnsf] k|:tfj dxf;lrjLo k4lt cGt/ut /x]sf]n] dxflwj]zg kl5 oxL k4lt sfod /xg] kSsf eof] . ;j{;Ddltn] ;f] k|:tfj kfl/t ePkl5 o;n] kf6L{df /x]sf] u'6jGbLnfO{ s]xL dTy/ kfg]{ sfd u/]sf] dxflwj]zgsf ;xefuLx? atfpF5g\ . t/ ;+:yfkgkIfn] cfkm\gf] cfnf]rs cf]nL, jfdb]j k|j[lQk|lt b]vfPsf] c;lxi0f'tf / bdgsf/L gLltnfO{ sfo{stf{x?n] klg ?rfPgg\ . dxf;lrj kIfw/x?sf] of] z}nLn] ;+u7gleq cNkdtdf b]lvPsfx?nfO{ emg qm'4 agfPsf] 5 < s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf dxf;lrj g]kfnkl5 cTolws dt k|fKt ug]{df s]kL cf]nL g} b]lvPsf x'Fbf klg pgsf] cl:tTjnfO{ sfo{stf{x?n] em08} ;dfg?kdf dfg]sf] dflgPsf] 5 . o;n] klg pQm kf6L{leq b]lvPsf] of] Jojxf/n] eljiodf u'6aGbLnfO{ cem tLj| kfg]{ cfz+sf hlGdPsf] Pdfn] sfo{stf{x? atfpF5g\ . g]t[Tjju{sf] c;lxi0f'tfsf sf/0f Pdfn] dxflwj]zg nuQ}kl5 km'6]sf] cg'ej of] kf6L{leq tfh} 5 .

dxf;lrjsf] kl5 ;j{;Ddt kfl/t ePsf] k|:tfj ;+zf]wg/lxt rflx+ ePg . dxf;lrj g]kfnn] cfkm\gf] k|ltj]bgdf ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ Pp6f ljsNksf ?kdf k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pxfFn] hgdt ;+u|xdf hfg klg kf6L{ tof/ x'g'kg]{ pNn]v ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . kl5 To;nfO{ ;+zf]wg u/]/ o;sf cltl/Qm tTsfnLg cj:yfdf h]h:tf] k5{ ;f]xL adf]lhd ug{ egL ;a} vfn] ljsNknfO{ v'nfPsf] eGg] ;+zf]wg ug{ dfu ul/of] . oBlk of] ;+zf]lwt?k ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5}g . dxflwj]zgdf cWoIf kb g} vf/]h ul/of] . dgdf]xg clwsf/Lsf] b]xfj;fg ePkl5 vfnL /x]sf] of] kb klg ca cf}krfl/s ?kn] ;dfKt ePsf] 5 .

Ps s/f]8 jflif{s vr{ k};f vr{ ug]{ qmddf Pdfn] cGo ;a} kf6L{eGbf cufl8 /x]5 . o;sf] jflif{s vr{ dfq} ! s/f]8 k'Ubf]/x]5 . ;ftf}+ dxflwj]zgdf k|:t't n]vf ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdf ;f] s'/f pNn]v 5 . o;dWo] em08} cfwf /sdsf] ;|f]t b]vfOPg . of] /sd ;f+;b / kf6L{ ;b:osf] n]aL tyf rGbf ;+sngaf6 hDdf ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . :d/0fLo 5 Pdfn]n] rfn" jif{ cyf{t\ olt /sd vr{ u/]sf] of] jif{ lgdf{0f ;DaGwL s'g} sfd u/]sf] eGg] ljj/0fdf hgfOPsf] 5}g . Pp6f ;fgf] ljj/0fnfO{ cfwf/ dfGg] xf] eg] Pdfn]sf ;a} dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwx? lj/fdL /x]5g\ . dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwx?sf nflu egL dxflwj]zg :yndf /flvPsf] :jf:Yo sIfdf P3f/ ;o hgfn] pkrf/ u/]sf] eGg] /]s8{ ePsf] 5 . tLdWo] !% hgfnfO{ t c:ktfn g} egf{ ug'{ k/]sf] lyof] . of] pkrf/ k'l:tsf /f]u eGg] dxndf :jf; k|:jf; k]6, 5ftL–d'6' /Qm;~rf/ tyf 5fnf ;DaGwL /f]u a9L /x]sf] eGg] pNn]v 5 .

em08f km]l/of]

Pdfn]sf] :yfoL ;ldltn] k|:tfj u/]/ To;n] kfl/t ;d]t u/]sf] Pdfn]sf] em08f km]g]{ s'/fnfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] c:jLsf/ u/]sf] lyof] . t/ ;f] ljifo dxflwj]zgdf k|:t't x'Fbf To;nfO{ km]g]{ jf egf} lrGx yKg] lg0f{o eof] . cab]lv Pdfn]sf] /ftf] sk8fdf xl;of xyf}8f c+lst lrGxsf] k[i7e"lddf o;sf] r'gfj lrGx ;"o{ /xg] ePsf] 5 . ;+u7g ljefusf tkm{af6 k|:t't ePsf] of] k|:tfjnfO{ dxflwj]zgsf k|ltlglwx?n] ;j{;Ddt ;xdlt hgfPsf lyP . ;+;f/el/ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] Pp6} em08f /ftf] sk8fdf xl;of xyf}8f c+lst lrGxsf] Pp6} em08f /xg] u/]sf] 5 . Pdfn]n] of] k6sb]lv Tof] lrGxdf km]/abn u/]/ cGt/f{li6«o sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] d"nwf/af6 cfkm"nfO{ 5'6\ofPsf] ;+s]tsf ?kdf ko{j]Ifsx?n] lnPsf 5g\ . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] l;4fGtdf /fhtGq /xb}g . sDo'lg:6 eGgf;fy cyf{t\ of] lrGxnfO{ h;n] 5ftf dfG5g\, ltgn] u0ftGqnfO{ dfg]sf] x'G5 . of] lrGx d'lg a;]/ ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqjfbL e} /xg Pdfn]nfO{ lgs} cK7]/f] k/]sf] lyof] .

dfS;{–n]lgg–dfcf]–:6flng x6]

em08f km]l/of] dfq xf]Og of] k6sb]lv Pdfn]n] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf cGt/f{li6«o g]tfx?sf] kmf]6f];d]t cfkm\gf] sfof{nodf g/fVg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . s]xL cl3 u}/ sDo'lg:6 d'n'ssf /fhb"tx? cfkm\gf sfof{nodf cfpFbf tL kmf]6f lemSg] u/]sf] lyof] . t/ of] k6s dxflwj]zg:ynd}df oL g]tf cyf{t\ dfS;{, n]lgg, dfcf], :6flngsf kmf]6f g/fvL tL 7fpFdf k'iknfn >]i7, dgdf]xg clwsf/L, hLj/fh cfl>tx?nfO{ dfq lrqdf pkl:yt u/fOof] . Pdfn]sf] kf6L{sf] dxflwj]zgsf] k"j{;GWofdf hgsk'/df a;]sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sn] lg0f{o u/]/} oL kmf]6fx? x6fPsf x'g\ . of] k6s ;+;f/el/sf sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] Pp6f ;fd"lxs gf/f cGt/f{li6«o >lds Psh'6 xf]cf}+ eGg] klg dxflwj]zg:yndf 6f+luPsf t'n / 6fl;Psf kDn]6df st} pNn]Vo ul/Pg . Pdfn]sf krf{, t'n / kDn]6af6 of] gf/f x6]sf] klxnf] k6s xf] .

sf] sf] hLt] M sf] xf/] <

g]skf Pdfn]sf] dxf;lrjdf k'gM dfwjs'df/ g]kfn 5flgg' ePsf] 5 . lxhf] hgsk'/df ;DkGg Pdfn]sf] dxflwj]zgsf] clGtd ;qdf gjlgjf{lrt s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] pxfFnfO{ cfufdLsfnsf nflu ;j{;Ddt ?kaf6 dxf;lrj 5fg]sf 5g\ . g]kfnn] o; cl3 pQm kf6L{sf] lg/Gt/ ?kdf gf} jif{;Dd dxf;lrj kb ;DxfnL ;Sg'ePsf] 5 . clxn] pxfF kfFr jif{ cyf{t\ csf]{ dxflwj]zgsfn;Ddsf nflu 5flgg'ePsf] xf] . gjlgjf{lrt s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf dxf;lrj g]kfn kIfw/x?sf] ;+Vof b'O{ ltxfO{ /x]sf] atfOG5 . log} lgjf{lrt ;b:odWo]af6 s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] :yfoL ;ldltsf ;b:ox? tf]Sg]5 . o;sf] j}wflgs k|jGw g} o:t} 5 .

cl:tb]lv ;'? eP/ lxhf] dWofGxdf ;DkGg ePsf] s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox?sf] lgjf{rg kl/0ffd lxh} 3f]if0ff eof] . of] kl/0ffddf nueu ;a} k'/fg} cg'xf/sf 5g\ . klxnf] sfo{ ;ldltdf /x]sf ^ hgf k"0f{sfnLg ;b:o of] k6s xf/] . xfg]{ k"j{ s]=;=x?df u'? j/fn, b]j/fh l3ld/], jfr:klt b]jsf]6f, l;tfgGbg /fo, k|]daxfb'/ l;+x cflb 5g\ . To:t} j}slNks k"j{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:odWo] u0f]z ltldlN;gf, k[YjL;'Aaf u'?ª, g/axfb'/ vfF0f, jL/axfb'/ l;+x, b]j]Gb| l3ld/]x? 5g\ .

of] lgjf{rgdf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] ;jf{lws dt k|fKt ug{ ;Sg' ePg . of] dxflwj]zgdf ;jf{lws dt k|fKt ug]{ >]o czf]s /fO{n] k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 . /fO{ dfn]af6 s]xL cl3dfq Pdfn] k|j]z ug'{ePsf] JolQmsf ?kdf lrlgg'x'G5 . /fO{n] *%! dt k|fKt ug'{ePsf] lyof] . /fO{ cf]nL kIfsf dflgg' x'G5 . dxf;lrj g]kfnn] k|fKt ug'{ ePsf]

*)& dt rf}yf] :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 eg] pxfFsf k|ltåGåL km/sdtsf k|:tf]tf s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] &)( dt cf7f}+ :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 .

lgjf{lrt s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] :j?k o:tf] 5– czf]s /fO{ -*%!_, e/tdf]xg clwsf/L -*@@_, ;fxgf k|wfg, -*!&_, dfwjs'df/ g]kfn -*)&_, df]bgfy k|l>t -&(&_, k|bLk g]kfn -&^&_, jfdb]j uf}td -&^)_, s]kL zdf+{ cf]nL -&)(_ n] dt k|fKt ug'{ ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L, ;'jf; g]Djfª, cd[ts'df/ af]x/f, /3'hL kGt, k|bLk 1jfnL, emngfy vgfn, /fh]Gb|k|;fb kf08], o'j/fh 1jfnL, s[i0fuf]kfn >]i7, eLd /fjn, sfzLgfy clwsf/L, ls/0f u'?ª, s]zj a8fn, O{Zj/ kf]v/]n, /fh]Gb| >]i7, /fwfs[i0f d}gfnL, ;'/]z sfsL{, uf]ljGb|k|;fb sf]O/fnf, l;l4nfn l;+x, x]d/fh /fO{, ;'/]Gb| kf08], ci6nIdL zfSo, s]bf/ Gof}kfg], eLd cfrfo{, zfGtf dfgjL, o'j/fh sfsL{, /fdrGb| emf, ljBfb]jL e08f/L, 3g]Gb| a:g]t, pjf{bQ kGt, d's'Gb Gof}kfg], lji0f' l/dfn, lqnf]rg 9sfn, uf]kfn zfSo, z+s/ kf]v/]n / lji0f' kf}8]n /xg' ePsf] 5 .

To:t}, !@ hgf j}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:osf] nflu ePsf] lgjf{rgdf 5ljnfn ljZjsdf{n] ;jf{lws &&& dt Nofpg' ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L cGo j}slNks ;b:ox?df pld{nf cof{n, uf]s0f{ lji6, /fdhL zdf{, g/]z v/]n, /Tg]Zj/ uf]Ot ofbj, kz'klt rf}nfufO{+, dx]Gb| kf08], k'?iff]Qd kf}8]n, k|sfz Hjfnf, t'naxfb'/ u'?ª / /sd r]Dhf]8 /xg' ePsf] 5 .

klxn] of] ;/sf/nfO{ km]g'{k5{

ljdn]Gb| lglw, g]tf, g]sf -k|hftflGqs_

á ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] jftf{ kmnbfoL agfpg /fhgLlts bnx?sf] e"ldsf s:tf] x'g'knf{ <

– jftf{nfO{ kmnbfoL agfpg ;a}eGbf klxn] jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ km]g'{k5{ . lsgls of] ;/sf/ hgtfsf] ;/sf/ xf]Og . of] ;/sf/ /fhfaf6 dgf]lgt ePsf] xf] . oxL ;/sf/sf sf/0f bnx?sf] ;f]em} åGå /fhf;+u eO/x]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL;+usf] jftf{af6 kmnbfoL kl/0ffd cfpg hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ bnx?n] jftf{ ug'{k5{ .

á jt{dfg ;/sf/;Fu jftf{ u5f}+{ eg]/ dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fd u/]sf] ;Gbe{df ca bnx?sf] e"ldsf s:tf] /xG5 < vf;u/L tkfO{+sf] kf6L{sf] <

– oxL ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr jftf{ eP5 eg] xfdL jftf{sf] Ph]08f s] x'G5 Tof] x]5f}{+ . hgtfsf] clwsf/ / ax'bnLo zf;g k|0ffnL cg's"nsf] kl/0ffd jftf{n] Nofof] eg] xfdL To;sf] :jfut u5f}}{+ . clxn];Dd jftf{ k|s[ofdf xfdLnfO{ ;xefuL u/fOPsf] 5}g, To;}n] o;df xfd|f] eGg' w]/} 5}g .

á dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08n] t jftf{ k|s[ofdf ;xefuL x'g bnx?nfO{ klg cfx\jfg ug'{ePsf] 5 lg <

– k|r08n] t To:tf] s'/f klxn]b]lv g} eGb} cfpg' ePsf] xf] . t/ v} /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ ;fydf lnPsf] < pxfFn] t aGb's / lj:kmf]6sf] ;fy lng' eof] . xfdLnfO{ k|r08 / afa'/fdsf] af]nLdf cem} ljZjf; 5}g .

á jftf{ ;kmn xf]nf t <

– jftf{ ;kmn x'g'k5{ eGg] rfxgf ;a}sf] xf] . d'n'sn] lx+;fnfO{ y]Ug ;Sb}g . b]z Wj:t eO/x]sf] 5 . jftf{åf/f g} ;a} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ul/g' k5{ eGg] xfd|f] rfxgf / dfGotf xf] . jftf{af6 ;d:of ;dfwfg ePg eg] klg jftf{sf] ljsNk km]l/ klg jftf{ g} x'g'k5{, lx+;f xf]Og t/ jftf{ ;kmn agfpg /fhgLlts bnx?sf] e"ldsfnfO{ pRr dxTj lbg}k5{ .

á jftf{ km]l/ klg ljgf lgisif{df 6'+luP dfcf]jfbL k'gM xltof/ p7fpg afWo ePdf d'n'ssf] l:ylt emg\ eofjx x'g] t xf]Og <

– jftf{ ljgf lgisif{ 6'+luPdf pgLx? k'gM h+un t k:nfg\ t/ h+un kms]{/ uP klg ljut ;ft jif{df pgLx?n] ‘/fhgLlts P8e]Gr/’ sf] pkof]u u/]/ h;/L o'jfx?nfO{ ;z:q ;+3if{df ptfg{ ;kmn eP, ca Tof] xf]nf h:tf] nfUb}g . o'jfx? ;w}+ Tof] ‘P8e]Gr/’ df nfUg tof/ x'Fb}gg\ . To;}n] ca dfcf]jfbLx? v'nf /fhgLltdf cfpg'k5{ .

á o;k6s t ;f]em} /fhf / dfcf]jfbLaLr jftf{sf] k|s[of cl3 a9]sf] atfOG5 lg <

– dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{ /fHon] ug'{k5{ . /fHosf] Pp6f ;+j}wflgs ;+/rgf x'G5 . /fHosf] Tof] ;+/rgf cg';f/ jftf{ ug]{ ;/sf/n] g} xf] . t/ ;/sf/n] jftf{ ubf{ /fhf, hgtf ;a}sf] tkm{af6 jftf{ u/]sf] cg'e"lt lbnfpg' k5{ . To;}n] xfdLn] of] ;/sf/ km]g'{ k5{ eg]sf 5f}+ . b'O{ s/f]8 hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;/sf/n] jftf{ ug'{k5{ . clxn]sf] ;/sf/n] /fHo / hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj gug]{ ePsf]n] o;n] u/]sf] jftf{sf] s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g .

á uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng eof] eg] tkfO{x? efu lng' x'Gg <

– s;n] af]nfpg] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng < /fhfn] < ;/sf/n] of dfcf]jfbLn] <

á /fhfn] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng af]nfOaS;]df <

– /fhfn] s] sf nflu uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng af]nfpg] xf], Tof] :ki6 eP/ cfpg' k5{ . t/ ;/sf/n] af]nfPsf] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf xfdL hfGgf}+ .

á cGtl/d ;/sf/ u7g ePdf To;df ;xefuL xg'x'G5 <

– hj;Dd !* c;f]hsf] zfxL 3f]if0ff ab/ x'Fb}g, xfdL To:tf] ;/sf/df hfg] 5}gf}+ . xfd|f] d"n k|Zg xf] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$&, ca vf/]h eof], csf]{ ;+ljwfg agfpg'k5{ eg]/ hfg] xf] eg] a]Un} s'/f . t/ cfhsf] ldlt;Dd ha xfdL @)$& ;fns} ;+ljwfg 5 eg]/ elg/x]sf 5f}+ eg] ;a}eGbf klxn] !* c;f]hsf] zfxL 3f]if0ff ab/ x'g'k5{ . lgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqLnfO{ h;/L x6fOPsf] 5, To;sf] k'gj{xfnL x'g'k5{ . cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] s'g} cy{ 5}g . a? ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ r}+ x'g;S5 .

á ;+ljwfg;efk|lt tkfO{+x?sf] kf6L{sf] wf/0ff s] 5 <

– ;+ljwfg;efsf] af/]df xfd|f] kf6L{n] s'g} b[li6sf]0f agfPsf] 5}g .

á ca g]kfnL sf+u|]; PsLs/0f ug]{ a]nf cfPg <

– ;+ljwfg / k|hftGq dfly h;/L /fhfaf6 k|xf/ ePsf] 5, o;sf] k'g:yf{kgfsf nflu ;a};+u sfo{ut Pstf ug'{ g} /fli6«o Ph]08f xf] . o;afx]s c? s'/ftkm{ Wofg hfg' clxn] ;fGble{s 5}g . ;+;bLo k|0ffnLsf] /Iffsf nflu g]kfnL sf+u|];;+u klg sfo{ut Pstf x'g ;S5 . zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 ;a} /fhgLlts bnn] /fhfn] ;lqmo x'g'x'Fb}g, ;lqmo ePdf /fhf /xFb}gg\ ;d]t eg] . ;+3if{ u5f}{+ klg eg] . t/ s] sf] lj/f]wdf ;3+if{ ug'{ < hals k|ltlglw;ef lj36g h]7 * ut] eof], h'g /fhfn] lj36g u/]sf] xf]Og . oxL+ /fhfs} sbdsf lj?4 ;+3if{ ug]{ elgPsf] xf] eg] Tof] c;f]h !* sf] sbdsf lj?4 xf] . To;}n] xfd|f] d"n k|Zg s] xf] eg] /fhf ;lqmo eP klg eGg], /fhfsf] sbdsf lj?4 ;+3if{ ug]{ klg eGg] clg /fhfaf6 xF'b} gePsf] k|ltlglw;ef lj36gnfO{ k'g:yf{kgf ug'{k5{ eg]/ eGg] < ;+3if{ t !* ut]sf] sbdsf lj?4 s]lGb|t x'g'k5{ . c;f]h !* ut]sf] sbdsf lj?4 pleg' eg]sf] To;a]nfsf] zfxL 3f]if0ff lkmtf{ u/fpg' xf] . o; s'/fdf xfdL ;a};+u sfo{ut Pstf ug{ tof/ 5f}+ .

á sf+u|];;+u Pstf lg <

– g]kfnL sf+u|];;+u clxn] kf6L{ PsLs/0f h?/L klg 5}g, ;Dej klg 5}g . g]kfndf j}slNks k|hftflGqs bn 5}g . Pdfn]n] a}slNks k|hftflGqs zlQmsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . To;}n] g]kfndf b'O{j6f k|hftflGqs kf6L{ rflxPsf] 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|]; k|hftflGqs / g]kfnL sf+u|]; b'a} cnu cnu eP/ cufl8 a9]df k|hftGqdf cf:yf /fVg] JolQmx? b'O{j6f 5ftf d'gL uf]naGb x'G5g\ . k|hftGq dfly vt/f cfpFbf oL b'O{ kf6L{ Ps x'g ;S5g\ . To;}n] oL b'O{ kf6L{sf] d'n'sdf cfjZostf 5 .

á /fhfnfO{ wf/f !@& k|of]u ug{ jfWo kfg]{ tkfO{+x? xf]Og / <

– wf/f !@& /fhfn] k|of]u ug'{ c;+j}wflgs 5 eg]/ t lul/hfafa'n] klg eGg' ePsf] 5}g . wf/f !@& sf] k|of]u ug{sf nflu c;f]h !# ut]sf] ;j{bnLo a}7sdf ;a} kf6L{x?n] l;kmfl/; g} u/]sf lyP . lgjf{rg ;fg'{k5{ eg]/ rsf]{ :j/df s'/f uf]ljGb/fh hf]zLn] /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .

á z]/axfb'/ b]pjf / /fhfaLr o;/L b'/L a9\nf eg]/ sNkgf ug'{ ePsf] lyof] <

– cxF, d}n] sNkg} u/]sf] lyOg . lgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqL / ;+j}wflgs /fhfaLr o;/L b'/L a9\5 eg]/ ;f]r]sf] lyOg . t/ ;jfn ca /fhf / hgtfaLr b'/L a9\g] ls ga9\g] eGg] 5 .

– Clif wdnf

;b\efjgfdf ljefhg

cGttM g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ ljefhg x'g] g} eof] . t/ ljefhg cgf}7f] 9+un] x'g] ePsf] 5 . kf6L{x? ljeflht x'Fbf k|foM g]t[Tj lj/f]wL u'6 km'6\g] ub{5 eg] pQm kf6L{df g]t[Tj g} cNkdtdf k/]sf] 5 / ax'dt s]Gb|Lo ;b:on] kf6L{ cWoIfnfO{ g} sf/jfxL ug]{ r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ . ut d+unaf/ a;]sf] kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] ax'dtn] pkk|wfgdGqL kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbg sfo{jfxs cWoIf ab|Lk|;fb d08nnfO{ cf}krfl/s lgb]{zg lb+b} ;/sf/nfO{ kf6L{n] lbPsf] ;dy{g lkmtf{ lng] ;d]t lg0f{o u¥of] . pQm k|=d= d08nnfO{ lbOPsf] clN6d]6d ;do lxhf] ;dfKt ePsf] 5, t/ pxfFn] /fhLgfdf lbg c:jLsf/ ug'{eof] . d08n s'g} klg xfntdf ;Qf 5f]8\g tof/ x'g'x'Gg . of] 36gfn] ljefhgsf] ;DefjgfnfO{ yk an k'¥ofPsf] 5 . d08n lgs6 ;"qn] lxhf] /flt ljdz{;+u eGof]— æs]xL JolQmn] /]i6'/]G6df a;]/ hf8 vfP/ /fhLgfdf b]p eGb}df pkk|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbg] s'/} x'Fb}g . pgLx?n] a}7s u/]sf] bfjLnfO{ xfdL dfGg tof/ 5}gf}+ .Æ t/ csf]{ kIfn] ax'dt ;b:on] pkfWoIf e/t ljdnsf] cWoIftfdf a}7s a;]/ pQm lg0f{o ul/Psf] hgfPsf] 5 .

d08n clxn] kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf cfkm\gf] ax'dt l;4 ug]{ clGtd k|oTg ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . pxfF ;Qf, pkk|d kb tyf sfo{jfxs cWoIfsf] x}l;ot;d]t ;a} c:q k|of]u u/]/ cfkm\gf] kIfdf ax'dt b]vfpg] / Tof] ;Dej geP kf6L{ km'6] klg ;Qf eg] g5f]8\g] dfgl;stf d08nn] agfpg' ePsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . csf]{ kIfsf] g]t[Tj clxn] lgjt{dfg ;f+;b Pj+ dxfdGqL /fh]Gb| dxtf]n] ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . kf6L{sf :yflkt g]tf x[bo]z lqkf7L klg ToxL kIfdf x'g'x'G5 . of] kIf cfkm\gf] c8fgdf b[9 5 . sf=j= cWoIf d08nn] kf6L{ ljwfg ljk/Lt :jR5frf/L 9+uaf6 sfo{;ldlt k'gu{7g u/]sf] cf/f]k pQm ljb|f]xL ;d"xsf] 5 . d08nn] kf6L{leqsf Odfgbf/ / k|hftGqjfbL sfo{stf{x?nfO{ kfvf nufO{ k|ltudgsf kIfw/nfO{ an k'¥ofO/x]sf] pgLx?sf] egfO{ 5 . ljb|f]xL ;d"xsf g]tf /fh]Gb| dxtf]n] lxhf] /flt ljdz{ k|ltlglw;+u eGg'eof]— æolb pkk|d d08n kf6L{sf] ;Rrf sfo{stf{ xf] eg] pxfFn] kf6L{sf] lg0f{o dfGg' x'g]5 eGg] dnfO{ ljZjf; 5 pxfFn] cfh} /fhLgfdf ug'{x'G5 .Æ pQm ;d"xsf g]tf d08nn] /fhLgfdf gu/] cfd sfo{stf{x?n] kf6L{ / d08ndWo] PsnfO{ 5fGg' kg]{ l:ylt cfpg] atfpF5g\ . dxtf] ;d"xn] cfkm\gf] kIfdf @( ;b:oLo s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf !* hgfsf] ax'dt /x]sf] bfjL u/]sf] 5 . ;f] ;d"xn] cfufdL r}t ( ut] b]lv kf6L{sf] rf}yf] dxflwj]zg ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 eg] d08nn] kmfu'g @ ut] kf6L{df pTkGg ;d:of af/] 5nkmn ug{ /fhlj/fhdf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7s 8fSg' ePsf] 5 . sf=jf=cWoIf d08nn] kf6L{ k'gu{7g u/L x[bo]z lqkf7L / /fh]Gb| dxtf]nfO{ dxfdGqLaf6 x6fpg u/]sf] lg0f{onfO{ ax'dtn] ab/ u/]sf] 5 .

s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf /x]sf] clwsf+z kbflwsf/Lx? cfkm\gf] kIfdf /x]sf] bfjL b'j} kIfn] u/]sf 5g\ .

;/sf/nfO{ bnsf] 6]sf] /x]g

;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGq zf;gsf] d"n ;"q xf] egL af/Daf/ atfOP klg otf ;/sf/ rflx+ emg\emg\ bnljxLgtfsf] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 . clxn] ;Qfdf /x]sf JolQmx?sf] kf6L{sf k|d'v g]tf / sfo{stf{x? cfkm"nfO{ ;Qfwf/L gelglbg 7fpF7fpFdf cg'/f]w ul//x]sf 5g\ . ltgsf To:tf cg'/f]w ;fj{hlgs e}/x]sf 5g\ . ;Qfwf/L elgbf dfq} klg nfh nfUg] u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;/sf/nfO{ s'g bnsf] eGg] clxn] ;a}lt/ k|Zg plAhPsf] 5 . bnLo lx;fan] l:ylt To:t} klg 5 . cfkm\gf] bnaf6 ;/sf/df k|ltlglwTj u/]sf JolQmx?nfO{ tL bnn] ls kf6L{ ls ;/sf/ 5fGg bnsf] dflyNnf] lgsfo s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6} ljsNk lbOPsf] cj:yfn] klg w]/} s'/f hgfpF5 .

k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb /f=k|=kf=sf] s]Gb|Lo g]tfsf] x}l;ot /fVg'x'G5 . pQm kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf pxfFsf] 5'§} sIfsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 h;sf] 9f]sfdf /fk|kf g]tf nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb eGg] pNn]v 5 . t/ pxfFs} kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo pk;ldltn] ls kf6L{ ls k|wfgdGqLdWo] Ps /f]Hg s]xL lbg klxn] cfu|x ul/;s]sf] 5 . cfkm"nfO{ kf6L{n] ;dy{g ul/lbg pxfFn] JolQmut ?kdf w]/} k|of; ug'{eof] . s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox?nfO{ 5'§} / ljlzi7 k|sf/sf] ef]hsf] klg cfof]hgf ug'{eof] . t/ ljsNk /f]Hg] Tof] cfu|xdf kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5}g . To;nfO{ cf}krfl/s ?k lbO{ k'gM bafa lbOGYof] xf]nf t/ o;af6 >L % sf] sbdnfO{ k|ToIf?kdf ckx]ngf u/]sf] b]lvg] x'G5 . of] cfu|xnfO{ oxL txdf dfq ;Lldt /flvof] . To;kl5sf pxfFsf sfd emg\emg\ bnljxLg cj:yfnfO{ hgfpg] g} /x] . of] ;dodf ;/sf/n] u/]sf] eg]sf] Pp6f sfd bf}8fxf 6f]nL v6fpg' xf] . /fhgLlts lgo'lQmsf] of] 6f]nLdf /fk|kfsf tkm{af6 cyf{t\ k|wfgdGqL g]tf /xg' ePsf] kf6L{sf Ps hgf klg JolQm k/]gg\ . k|wfgdGqL rGb /fk|kfsf] g]tf xf] eGg] sDtLdf Tof] kf6L{ To;sf g]tf / sfo{stf{n] dx;'; ug]{ Pp6f klg sfd of] cjlwdf geP kl5 ltgsf g]tfx? cfkm"nfO{ ;Qfwf/L gleglbg o;/L cfu|x ub}{ lx+8\g' k/]sf] atfpF5g\ . ;fj{hlgs g} eP klg kf6L{sf] OHht /fVg] Pp6f klg sfd pxfFaf6 ePg . clxn] nueu ;a} oxL s'/f atfO/x]sf 5g\ . of] kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf k|jQmf sdn yfkfn] l/kf]6{;{{ Snjåf/f cfof]lht ;fIffTsf/ sfo{qmddf kqsf/x? ;fd' xft hf]8\b} eGg'eof]— æs[kof dnfO{ ;Qfwf/L gelglbgf];\, d To:tf] xf]Og .Æ pxfFsf] of] ;Qfwf/L gelglbg] cg'/f]w jf:tjd} l67nfUbf] b]lvGYof] . ToxL sfo{qmddf ;/sf/sf] k|ltlglwsf ?kdf lzIff tyf v]ns'b dGqL b]jLk|;fb cf]emf x'g'x'GYof] . /fk|kf k|jQmf yfkfsf] o:tf] cg'go ;'g]/ pxfFn] eGg'eof]— æxf], pxfF ;Qfwf/L xf]Og .Æ cf]emfn] cufl8 eGg'eof]— æd klg kf6L{ 5f8]/ dGqL ePsf] x'F .Æ cf]emfsf] of] egfO Jo· xf]nf t/ clxn] ToxL Jo· jf:tljs ePsf] 5 .

pkk|wfgdGqL ab|Lk|;fb d08nnfO{ ;b\efjgf kf6L{]sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] ;/sf/af6 lkmtf{ af]nfPsf] 5 . pkk|wfgdGqL d08n pQm kf6L{sf] sfo{jfxs cWoIf x'g'x'G5 . of] kf6L{sf] pkfWoIf e/ts'df/ ljdnsf] cWoIftfdf ut d+unaf/ a;]sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sn] pkk|wfgdGqL d08nnfO{ tLg lbgleq ;/sf/ 5f8\g lnlvt kq sf6]sf] lyof] . To;sf] Dofb lxhf] laxLaf/;Ddsf] lyof] . b'O{hgf cfdlGqt;d]t u/L #! ;b:o /x]sf] of] kf6L{sf] /fli6«o sfo{;ldltdWo] !* hgf ;b:o pkl:yt /x]sf] a}7sn] o:tf] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . d08ndfly of] kf6L{sf] lxt ljk/Lt sfd ePsf] cf/f]k nufpFb} kbaf6 /fhLgfdf u/]/ kf6L{sf] k|lti7f hf]ufpg cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 . ax'bnLo k4ltdf ax'dtsf] lg0f{o g} sfof{Gjog x'G5 . d08nnfO{ oxL s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] sfo{jfxs agfPsf] xf] / pxfFnfO{ ;/sf/af6 lkmtf{ af]nfpg] of] ;ldlt pxfFaf6} s]xL cl3dfq k'g/ul7t ePsf] lyof] . d08nnfO{ o;/L kf6L{n] lkmtf{ af]nfpg] qmd;+u} of] a}7sn] ;/sf/nfO{ clxn];Dd lbOPsf] ;dy{g klg lkmtf{ lng] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . d08nnfO{ ;/sf/af6 lkmtf{ af]nfOPsf] Dofb ;lsPkl5 klg kbdf al;/xg' eof] eg] pxfF bn xf]Og Pp6f JolQmsf] x}l;otjfnf dfq x'g'x'g]5 . clxn] ;/sf/df ;dtf kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fl;+x k'g / xl/ofnL kf6L{sf s'j]/k|:ffb zdf{ u/L b'O{ kf6L{sf] gfd wf/0ff u/]sf b'O{ hgf JolQm x'g'x'G5 . t/ oL kf6L{n] /fli6«o dfGotf kfPsf 5}gg\ . ;+ljwfgn] kf6L{ dfGg] cyf{t\ kf6L{sf] ?k lng] :ki6 Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . To;df ;dtf kf6L{n] t hgdtsf] k/LIf0f;Dd u/]sf] 5}g eg] xl/ofnL kf6L{ ;a}lt/ k/fhLt ePsf] lyof] . csf{dGqL ab|Lgf/fo0f a:g]tnfO{ pxfF dGqL x'g] ljlQs} Tof] kf6L{ g]kfnL sf+u|]; k|hftflGqsn] cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] ;fwf/0f ;b:otfaf6 ;d]t lgisfl;t u/]sf] hgfO;s]sf] 5 . csf{dGqL sdn rf}nfufO{+ pxfF /xg'ePsf] g]skf Pdfn]sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 /fhLgfdf lbP/ cnu /x]sf] ;fj{hlgs ePsf] xKtf lbg kl5 dGqL agfOg' ePsf] xf] . cGo jfFsL ;a} dGqLx? s'g} klg bn;+u cfj4 5}gg\ . pxfFx? :jtGq Joj;fo ckgfpFb} cfpg' ePsf JolQmsf ?kdf lrlgg'x'G5 . sltko dGqLsf] t k[ie"ld;d]t k|i6 5}g . /fli6«o;ef cyf{t\ ;+;b\sf] 3]/fleqaf6 dGqL x'g'ePsf dflgg' x'g] Ps hgf dfq x'g'x'G5– /d]zgfy kf08] . dGqLdfq xf]Og ;xfos dGqL klg cGhfg k[i6e"lds} JolQm 5g\ . ;/sf/sf] o:tf] :j?knfO{ s'g bn;+u hf]8]/ bnLo dfGg] xf] eGg] k|Zg oxLaf6 plAhPsf] xf] .

jftf{ k|ltudglj?4 x'g'k5{

/fhfåf/f /fhg}lts bnx? jf hgtfsf] ;lqmo e"ldsfnfO{ ;dfKt kf/]/ k|ltudgnfO{ ;'b[9 kfg]{ lbzflt/ ;'lgof]lht k|sf/n] k|oTg e}/x]sf] atfpFb} g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -Pstf s]Gb|—d;fn_sf] kf]ln6Ao'/f]n] ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{nfO{ k|ltudg lj?4sf] ;+3if{df k|of]u ul/g' kg]{ hgfPsf] 5 . xfn} a;]sf] kf]ln6Ao'/f] a}7ssf] lg0f{o ;fj{hlgs ub}{ dxfdGqL df]xgljqmd l;+xn] hf/L ug'{ePsf] jStJodf elgPsf] 5— cfhsf] b]zsf] d'Vo /fhg}lts cfjZostf k|ltdugnfO{ k/f:t ub}{ cu|ufdL kl/jt{g ug'{ xf] . To;sf/0f jt{dfg o'4lj/fd, dfcf]jfbL / /fHokIfaLrsf] jftf{af/] klg k|ltudgsf lj?4sf] ;+3if{nfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ g} ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf 5 . o'4lj/fd, jftf{ jf zflGtsf] k|Zgsf] ;Gbe{df b]zdf uDeL/ ?kdf pkl:yt k|ltudgsf] ;d:ofnfO{ uf}0f agfpg] jf k|ltudgsf lj?4sf] ;+3if{nfO{ sdhf]/ agfpg] k|j[lQx?sf] e"ldsf jf ;+efjgfk|lt klg xfd|f] Wofg hfg'kg]{ cfjZostf 5 / s'g} klg axfgfdf k|ltudgsf] vt/fsf la?4sf] ;+3if{nfO{ uf}0f agfpg] k|oTgsf] xfd|f] kf6L{n] b[9tfk"j{s lj/f]w ub{5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ s] s'/fdf hf]8 lbg rfxG5 eg] jftf{ b]z / hgtfsf lxtdf x'gsf nflu To;n] k|ltudgnfO{ k/f:t ub}{ cu|ufdL lgsf; k|bfg u/]/ ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug]{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;Sg'kb{5 / To;sf] lgldQ jftf{nfO{ k|ltudg lj/f]wL ;+3if{df k|of]u ul/g'k5{ .

dfcf]jfbL / /fHokIfsf aLrdf x'g] jftf{ s;/L cufl8 a9\b5 / To;df jt{dfg c;+j}wflgs ;/sf/sf] ;+nUgtf x'G5, x'Fb}g jf s'g ?kdf x'G5 eGg] k|Zg :jfefljs xf] . To;sf/0f ;DalGwt kIfx?n] To;af/] l:ylt :ki6 ug{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ cfjZostf 5 .

jQmJodf elgPsf] 5— o'4lj/fd jf jftf{af6 cfkm\gf :jfy{x? k"/f x'g g;Sg] l:ylt b]vf k/]df jfx\o zlQmx?n] o'4lj/fd jf jftf{nfO{ ;kmn x'g glbg k"/f zlQm nufpg] jf pgLx?sf :jfy{x?sf aLrdf pTkGg x'g] cGt/lj/f]wx?n] klg o'4lj/fd jf jftf{nfO{ gsf/fTds ?kn] k|efljt kfg{ ;Sg] cfz+sf JoQm ub}{ To; k|sf/sf] k[i7e"lddf k|ltudgsf] lj?4 tyf zflGtsf kIfdf pleg] ;a} /fhg}lts zlQmx? tyf hgtfsf] P]Soj4tf x'g' kg]{ /fo k|s6 ul/Psf] 5 .

jf:tljs / ;fy{s jftf{df b]zsf k|d'v /fhgLlts kf6L{x?sf] ;xeflutf jf ;xdlt clgjfo{ ePsf] atfpFb} ;f] kf6L{n] eg]sf] 5– jftf{sf] k|lqmofdf cufl8 a9\g] ;Gbe{df dfcf]jfbL klg cToGt ;r]t / :ki6 x'g'k5{ / k|ltudgnfO{ ;xof]u k'Ug] k|sf/sf] s'g} sdhf]/L x'g gkfcf];\ eGg] s'/fdf u+eL/ Wofg lbg'k5{ .

cfh k'g?TyfgjfbL zlQmx?n] /fhfsf] ;lqmo g]t[Tjdf g} zflGt jf b]zsf cufl8 pkl:yt ;a} ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg ;+ej 5 eGg] e|d lbg] k|oTg ul//x]sf] cf}NofpFb} ;f] kf6L{n] eg]sf] 5– æklxn] ;+;b\;lxt ;a} lgjf{lrt lgsfox?sf] lj36g /fhfåf/f sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/sf] clwu|x0f, @)$^ ;fnsf pknlAwx?sf] ckx/0f tyf /fhg}lts bnx?sf] e"ldsfnfO{ sdhf]/ kf/]/ k|ltudgsf] kIfdf ljz]if cg's"n kl/l:ylt tof/ kf/]/ g} b/af/n] dfcf]jfbLx?l;t jftf{sf nflu kxn u/]sf] 5 / clxn]sf] o'4lj/fd jf jftf{nfO{ klg pgLx?n] k|ltufdL /0fgLlt k"/f ug{ pkof]u ug]{ ;+efjgfk|lt klg xfdLn] cfFvf lrDng' uDeL/ uNtL x'g]5 . Tof] k|ltufdL /0fgLlt k"/f x'g g;Sg] l:yltdf k'g?TyfgjfbL zlQmx?n] clxn]sf] o'4lj/fd jf jftf{nfO{ klg pgLx?n] k|ltufdL /0fgLlt k"/f ug{ pkof]u ug]{ ;+efjgfk|lt klg xfdLn] cfFvf lrDng' uDeL/ uNtL x'g]5 . Tof] k|ltufdL /0fgLlt k"/f x'g g;Sg] l:yltdf k'g?TyfgjfbL zlQmx?n] clxn]sf] o'4lj/fd jf jftf{nfO{ c;kmn kfg{ k|oTg ug]{ ;+efjgfnfO{ klg k"/} c:jLsf/ ug{ ;lsGg . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ tyf @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf pknlAwx?sf kIfw/ ;Dk"0f{ zlQmx?n] o;tkm{ uDeL/ ?kdf Wofg lbg'kg]{ cfjZostf 5 .

dfcf]jfbL ;d"xl;t j}rfl/s / /fhg}lts ?kdf cfkm\gf dte]b /x]sf] atfpFb} dxfdGqL l;+xn] :ki6 zAbdf eGg'ePsf] 5— ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] ;Gbe{df klg pgLx?sf tkm{af6 s}of}+ uNtL / jf sdhf]/L /xg] u/]sf 5g\ . zflGt jf k|ltudgsf la?4sf] ;+3if{sf] Jofks lxtdf pgLx?n] To;k|sf/sf uNtL jf sdhf]/L ;Rofpg ljz]if Wofg lbg'kg]{ cfjZostf ePsf] s'/f :jtM :ki6 5 . b]zsf cGo sltko /fhg}lts kIfx?df klg zflGt / @)$^ ;fnsf pknlAwx?sf] /Iffsf] k|ZgnfO{ ljz]if Wofgdf /fv]/ cfkm\gf gLltx? lglZrt ug]{eGbf klg ;Qfdf ;xeflutf jf tfTsflns ;+sL0f{ /fhg}lts nfex?nfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ dfcf]jfbL kIf jf b/af/ kIfk|ltsf] cfkm\gf] gLlt lglZrt ug]{ k|j[lQx? kfOG5g\ . dfcf]jfbL jf cGo /fhg}lts kf6L{x?sf To; sf/0fsf uNtL, sdhf]/L jf unt k|j[lQx?sf] lj?4 j}rfl/s ;+3if{ rnfP/ hgtfsf] r]tgfnfO{ p7fpg k|oTg ub}{ @)$^ ;fnsf pknlAwx?sf] /Iff, cu|ufdL kl/jt{g / zflGtsf] :yfkgfsf] kIfdf cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 :jtGq kxn ug'{sf ;fy} ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] lgdf{0f / To;df hgtfsf] Jofks ;xeflutfsf] cfjZostfdf klg g]skf -Pstf s]Gb| d;fn_n] ljz]if hf]8 lbG5 . utsfnsf] jftf{sf] c;kmntfsf] gsf/fTds cg'ej dfly Wofg lb+b} jftf{nfO{ OdfGbfl/tfk"j{s / kf/blz{tfk"j{s ;+rfng u/L kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg xfd|f] kf6L{ clkn ub{5 .

g xfF;sf] rfn, g s'v'/fsf] rfn

;L=kL= d}gfnL

df3 !% ut] ePsf] o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff / jftf{åf/f ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg vf]Hg] ;xdltn] b]zsf] /fhgLlts l:yltnfO{ s]xL ;xh jgfPsf] 5 . /fli6«o ;+s6sf] lgsf; vf]Hg] cfzf knfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLaLr o'4 rln/xFbf klg jftf{sf] kIfdf hgbafa lbOPsf] lyof] . clxn] t o'4lj/fdsf] ;Demf}tf g} eO;Sof] . Psk6ssf] o'4lj/fd / jftf{ c;kmn eP/ km]l/ b'a} kIf jftf{df cfpg' ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] lbzfdf cl3 j9\g' xf] . lsgeg] b'a} kIfn] ljutsf] c;kmntfaf6 s]xL l;s]sf] x'g'k5{ . o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ffdf sdhf]/L / ckl/kSjtf b]lvP klg ljb|f]xL kIfn] zlQm ;DkGg jftf{ 6f]nL u7g u/]sf] 5 . To;n] ubf{ ljb|f]xL kIf klxn]eGbf lhDd]jf/ /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o;k6ssf] o'4lj/fddf cfrf/;+lxtfdf ;xdt eP/ To;nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] eP j9L kl/kSjtf x'GYof] . clxn] kf/bzL{tf klg b]lvPg . ckf/bzL{tfn] ubf{ s]xL ljjfb p7]sf] 5 . ljb|f]xLaf6 ;/sf/;+u xf]Og /fhf;+u o'4lj/fd u/]sf] eGg] cfzosf] jQmJo cfpg], b/af/n] xf]Og eGg], ;QfkIfsf] tkm{af6 k'li6 ug]{ h:tf s'/fx?n] o:tf] pNemg pTkGg ePsf] xf] . ckf/bzL{tfs} sf/0f o'4lj/fd ck|Toflzt Pj+ x7ft ePsf] h:tf] b]lvof] . ;QfkIf t c? bnx?nfO{ lsgf/f nufP/ zf;g rnfO/x]sf]n] p;n] bnx?nfO{ hfgsf/L glbg' :jefljs xf]nf, t/ xltof/wf/L ljb|f]xLx? hf] k|ltkIfLdf 5g\, ltgn] c? k|ltkIfx?nfO{ ljZjf;df lnP/ o'4lj/fd ug'{kb{Yof], Tof] gePsfn] /fhgLlts bnx?n] o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ffk|lt cfz+sf ug'{k¥of] . t/ of] s'/f v'n:t cfPkl5 ;a}sf] z+sf d]l6g klg ;S5 jf hl6ntf ylkg klg ;S5 . clxn] b'O{j6f xltof/wf/Lx? a;]/ cfk;L u7aGwg u/]/ c?nfO{ lsgf/f nufpg] sfd x'Fb}5 ls eGg] cfz+sf klg hGd]sf] 5 . o;df :ki6tf x'g'k5{ .

dfcf]jfbLsf] aQmJodf st} klg >L % sf] ;/sf/;+usf] jftf{sf] lhls/ 5}g . k'/fgf] ;Qf eg]sf 5g\, h;sf] cy{ /fh;+:yf;+usf] jftf{ eg]sf] x'g'k5{ . gf/fo0fl;+x k'gnfO{ klg /fh;+:yfsf] k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf] b]lvG5 . pgLx?n] lxhf] klg / cfh klg of] ;/sf/nfO{ j}wflgstf lbPsf] b]lv+b}g . Psflt/ ;/sf/nfO{ :jLsf/ gug]{ csf]{tkm{ ;Qf;+u jftf{ ug]{ eGbf låljwf pTkGg ePsf] 5 . lsgeg] ;Qf rnfpg] t ;/sf/ xf] / jftf{ ;+of]hs klg dGqL xf] . To;}n] pgLx?n] ;/sf/;+u xf]Og /fh;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw;+u jftf{ u/]sf] eg] klg Jofjxfl/s 9+un] To:tf] ePsf] b]lvGg . pgLx? dL7f] e|ddf k/]sf] x'g;S5 jf pgLx?sf] sbd g} cJofjxfl/s ePsf] klg x'g;S5 . ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x?n] ;j{bnLo clwsf/ ;DkGg ;/sf/ agf];\ To;kl5 o'4lj/fd / jftf{sf] sfd ul/of];\ eg]/ dfu ul//x]sf] a]nfdf To;f] gu/L cfkm}+n] dfGotf glbPsf] ;/sf/ /x]sf] a]nfdf ;/sf/;+u dtna 5}g eGb} jftf{ ubf{ Tof] slt Jofjxfl/s x'G5 xf]nf < To;n] pgLx?nfO{ ef]ln sxfF k'¥ofpnf <

zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 7"nf ;+;b\jfbL bnx?sf] ;+nUgtf / ;dy{g ljgf g} sfdx? eO/x]sf 5g\ . oBlk 7"nf bnx?df klg cfkm\gf] q'l6, sdhf]/L dx;'; gug'{ sdhf]/L ljBdfg 5 . o'4lj/fdsf] ;Gbe{df ;QfkIfn] t oL bnx?nfO{ j]jf:tf g} u¥of] ;fy} ;z:q k|ltkIfL bnn] klg pgLx?nfO{ ljZjf;df lnPg . To;}n] o;sf] lj/f]w x'g' :jefljs xf] . o;nfO{ ljb|f]xLx?n] s;/L zfGt kfg]{ x'g\, x]g{ afFsL 5 . oBlk bnx?sf] sdhf]/Ln] ubf{ klg o:tf] l:ylt cfPsf] xf] . bnx?n] cfkm\gf] sdhf]/L a'em\g g;Sbf o:tf] ePsf] xf]  . pgLx?n] clxn]sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ‘Kofs]h k|f]u|fd’ Nofpg' kb{Yof] / ;+o'Qm ?kdf lx+8\g ;Sg'kb{Yof] . ;+o'Qm ?kn] lx+8\gaf6 hf]lug Pdfn] dxflwj]zg lt/ nfUof], sf+u|]; hghfu/0flt/ nfUof] . hf] km';{bdf lyP pgLx?n] cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff u/] . cfkm" rflx+ ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ bQlrQ eP/ gnfUg] clg c?n] rflx+ jf:tf u/]gg\ eGg ldNb}g . pgLx?n] !* c;f]hsf] 36gfnfO{ uDeL/k"j{s ln+b} lnPgg\ . Pdfn]n] dxflwj]zgaf6 g} cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff ug]{ eGof] . dxflwj]zgsf] tf}/tl/sf xfdLn] klg a'em]sf 5f}+ . To;df ;do / zlQm nfU5  . ;a}sf] Totfkl§ Wofg hfG5 . !* c;f]hsf] ;d:ofn] pAhfPsf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] lglDt t 5nkmn, jx; x'g'kYof]{ . otfkl§ Pdfn] hfb}+ uPg . p t cfkm}+leqsf] cWoIf ls dxf;lrj eg]/ 5nkmn u/]/ ;xdltdf k'Ug] 7fpFdf dfq s]lGb|t /x\of] . pgLx?n] ug]{ lg0f{on] klg ;Gb]z b]nf t/ sfd s'/f] Psflt/ s'Dnf] af]sL l7dLlt/ u¥of] . c;f]hsf] !* / @% kl5 pTkGg /fli6«o ;+s6nfO{ s;/L ;dfwfg ug]{ eGg] s'/fdf a9L s]lGb|t eP/ ;femf s'/f] kQf] nufpg' kg]{df cfkm\gf] 3}+6f] d';fg{ dfq nfu] Pdfn]sf g]tfx? . l:yltsf] uDeLo{tfnfO{ a'em]/ dxflwj]zg Ps jif{kl5 ;fg]{ cflwsfl/s lg0f{o klg ug{ ;Sy] . clxn] pgLx?n] cfkm\gf] lglDt h?/L sfd u/] xf]nfg\ . t/ /fi6«sf] h?/L sfd ug{af6 pgLx? r's] . To;n] ubf{ s] eof] < kl/0ffd ;a}sf ;fd' 5 ls p;n] clxn] xfdLnfO{ yfxf ePg, ckf/bzL{ eof] cflb elg/x]sf] 5 .

Pdfn]n] w]/} klxnfb]lv cfkm\gf] l;4fGt 5f]8\b} cfPsf] 5 . p;n] cfkm"nfO{ ‘;f];n 8]df]qm]l6s kf6L{’ xf]Og dfS;{jfbL n]lggafbL kf6L{ eG5 . t/ p;n] @)$( ;fnb]lv g} cfkm"nfO{ dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb cg'?ksf] l;4fGtaf6 cfkm"nfO{ x6fof] . Pdfn]sf] cfrf/0f klg dfS;{jfbL–n]lggjfbL kf6L{sf] h:tf] /x]g . sxL+ gePsf] hfqf xfF8LufpFdf eg] h:tf] p;n] /fhgLlts kf6L{leq pkef]QmfjfbL ;+:s[lt leq\ofof] . kf6L{ut, u'6ut, JolQmut sfObfsf] cfwf/df gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{ u¥of] . kf6L{ut ;+:sf/ lju|sf]n] Pdfn]df u'6aGbL lyof] . of] dxflwj]zgdf Pdfn]n] hgtfnfO{ ;+o'Qm agfpg] / o'4åf/f ;[lht ;+s6sf] ;dfwfg lgsfNg] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn u/]sf] eP a'l4dfgL x'GYof] . t/ Totfkl§ sd ax; / a9L kb ;[hgf ug]{ ls gug]{ eGg] ljifodf a9L ax; eof] . o;f] x'g'sf] dtnj Tof] kf6L{df b'O{ vfnsf ljrf/sf] åGå xf] . Pp6f kIfn] l;4fGt / cfr/0fdf k'FhLjfbLkgf NofP klg ;+u7gdf dfS;{jfbL rl/q sfod /fvf}+ eGg] Pp6fsf] l9kL 5 . csf]{n] h:tf] l;4fGt, h:tf] cfr/0f h:t} ;+u7g x'g'k5{ eGg] wf/0ff /fv]sf] 5 . p k'FhLjfbL l;4fGt / k'FhLjfbL cfr/0f xf] eg] n]lggjfbL ;+u7gsf] l;4fGt lsg < eG5 . p;sf] cfkm\gf] rl/q cg';f/sf] ts{ 7Ls 5 . b'O{ vfnsf] k'FhLjfbL eO;s]kl5 Ps vfnsf] k'FhLjfbL lsg < of] Pdfn]leq ar]v'r]sf] dfS;{jfb / k'FhLs/0fjLrsf] åGå xf] . l;4fGtsf] lx;fjn] o;/L x]g{ ;lsG5 . To;afx]s Pdfn]leq w]/} u'6aGbL ePsf]n] of] åGå ;Qfdf gePsf] u'6n] ‘kfj/ z]o/’ ug{ vf]h]sf] åGå klg xf] . w]/} kb ePkl5 ;Dk"0f{ zlQm pkef]u ug{ g;s] klg s]xL c+z pkef]u ug{ kfOG5 eGg] åGå xf] of] . Pdfn]leqsf] jf:tfljs /fhgLlt x]g]{ xf] eg] Tof] ‘kfj/ z]ol/ª’ sf] åGå xf] . of] åGån] Pdfn] kIfw/x?sf] cf:yf 36fpg] sfd u5{, zlQm Ifo ug]{ sfd u5{ . of] åGådf xflb{s ?kn] ldnfg ePg eg] of] åGå dxflwj]zgkl5 emg\ a9]/ hfG5 . ldnfksf] cy{, ;Qfdf ;fem]bf/L dfq xf] . t/ To;f] geO{ ax'dt cNkdtsf] cfwf/df lg0f{o ug]{ / lhTg] xfg]{nfO{ k]Ng] gLlt lnof] eg] Tof] kf6L{sf] b'b{zf ;ftf}+ dxflwj]zgb]lv gofF 9+un] ;'? x'G5 .

;fdfGotofM ha kf6L{x? cfkm\gf] l;4fGt, k|ltj4tfaf6 ljd'v x'G5g\ tj kf6L{ km'6sf] ;+3f/df ;d]t k'U5g\ . g]kfnsf ;a} kf6L{x?n] o:tf] b'u{lt a]xf]l/;s] ;QflnK;fdf nfu]kl5 u'6aGbL aGg yfN5 . pgLx?sf] d"NoxLgtfn] ubf{ o:tf] l:ylt pTkGg ePsf] xf] . Pdfn]sf] cfd rl/q x]bf{ pgLx?df cem klg zflGtsf] afF8kmf8 gx'g ;S5 . lsgeg] Pdfn]df klxn]b]lv zflGtsf] 3d08 5 . @)$^ ;fndf ;+o'Qm jfddf]rf{ agfP/ cfGbf]ng eof] t/ To;sf] k|ltkmn cfPkl5 Pdfn]df olt cx+sf/ a9\of] ls p;n] ;+o'Qm jfddf]rf{sf] cfjZostf g} dx;'; u/]g . Pdfn]df kl5 u'6sf] n8fO{+ eof] . unt l;4fGt yf]kfg{sf] lglDt ;Qfdf k'Ug]x?n] cfkm\gf] u'6 alnof] agfpg] sfd u¥of] /, @)%$ ;fndf dfwj g]kfnsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] kIf / jfdb]jsf] g]t[Tjsf] kIfdf kfj/ z]ol/ª gx'Fbf åGå eof] . h;n] hlt eg] klg Tof] l;4fGtsf] n8fO{+ xf]Og, ;Qfsf] n8fO{ /x]5 . clxn] cfP/ Tof] k|s6 ePsf] 5 . clxn] jfdb]j Pdfn]s} l;4fGt dfg]/ uO/x]sf 5g\, t/ klg pgL ToxfF hfg] ljlQs} k|ltkIfL v]dfdf nfu]/ åGådf nfu]sf 5g\ . clxn] klg pgn] ‘z]o/’ kfPgg\ . ;fdfGotM zflGt jfF8kmfF8 gug]{ / ;Qf;Lgn] k|ltkIfLnfO{ lsgf/f nufpg] Pdfn]sf] cfd rl/q xf] . pgLx?n] ca sDo'lg:6 l;4fGt cg';f/ ‘Og/ kf6L{ 8]df]qm];L’ Nofpg' k¥of] ls k'FhLjfbL kf6L{sf] :yfkgf ug'{k¥of] . g xfF;sf] rfn g s'v'/fsf] rfnn] x'Fb}g .

k|:t'ltM k|sfz lu/L

e"6fg;+u s'/f ldn]g

sf7df8f}+ . e"6fgn] k]ml/ Ps k6s g]kfnnfO{ em'SofPsf] 5 . ljut !@ jif{b]lv k"jL{ g]kfndf a;f]af; ub}{ cfPsf Psnfv eGbf a9L e"6fgL z/0ffyL{x?nfO{ :j]bz kmsf{pg cfgfsfgL ub}{ cfPsf] e"6fgL kIfn] lxhf] sf7df8f}+df ePsf] dGqL:t/Lo jftf{df ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f sfo{nfO{ cfufdL lbgdf cem ;s[o agfpg] ;xdlt hgfpFb} afx|f}+ r/0fsf] jftf{nfO{ klg ljkmn kf¥of] .

k6sk6s ePsf jftf{x?df cg]sf}+ k|sf/sf ljjfb p7fpFb} ;d:ofk|lt u+eL/ gx'g] e"6fgL kIfn] ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f 6f]nLn] o; cl3 k|dfl0ft ul/;s]sf] emfkfsf] v'b'gfjf/L lzlj/sf em08} !@ xhf/ kl/jf/nfO{ cem} klg :jb]z kmsf{pg rf;f] b]vfPg . t]x|f}+ r/0fsf] jftf{df cfufdL dfr{ @$ ut] lyDk'df dlGq:t/Lo a}7s a:g] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . lxhf]sf] jftf{df g]kfnsf tkm{af6 k//fi6«dGqL g/]Gb|ljqmd zfx, ;lrj dw'/d0f cfrfo{ / e"6fgsf nflu zfxL g]kfnL /fhb"t 8f= e]ifaxfb'/ yfkf / e"6fgsf tkm{af6 ljb]z dGqL lhUd]jfO{ lyGn] nufot e"6fgL clwsf/L ;xefuL lyP . jftf{ rln/x]sf] a]nf zLtn lgjf;df z/0ffyL{x?sf] Ps ;d"xn] wgf{ lbPsf] lyof] . emfkfsf ljleGg z/0ffyL{ lzlj/x?df /x]sf z/0ffyL{x?n] cfkm"x?nfO{ ;;Ddfg :j]bz kmsf{pg' kg]{ dfu /fVb} nfdf] ;dob]lv ef]s x8\tfn ul//x]sf 5g\ .

cft+ssf/Lsf] lgs[i6 pbfx/0f

sf7df8f}+ . ;z:q k|x/L ansf dxflg/LIfs s[i0fdf]xg >]i7, pxfFsL wd{kTgL g'8'k >]i7 / c+u/Ifs ;"o{axfb'/ /]UdLsf] xTof ePsf] !@ lbg ljlt;Sbf klg ;f] sf08sf af/] tYox? ;fj{hlgs ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLaLr zflGt jftf{sf] ;xdlt eO{ o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff ul/P klg dxflg/LIfs >]i7sf] xTofsf08df ;/sf/n] s;}nfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ g;Sg' nHhf:kb / csd{Jotfsf] k/fsfi7f egL l6Kk0fL ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .

o;}aLr, ;z:q k|x/L ansf] sfof{nodf lxhf] :j=>]i7sf] !@ cf}+ k'0oltlysf] pknIodf Ps >4f~hln;efdfsf] cfof]hgf ul/of] . pQm >4f~hln;efdf >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 ;dj]bgf ;Gb]z k7fO{ jS;]sf] lyof] . pQm ;Gb]zdf elgPsf] 5– æ;z:q k|x/L dxflg/LIfs s[i0fdf]xg >]i7, pxfFsL wd{kTgL >LdtL g'8'k >]i7 tyf ;z:q k|x/L gfoj lg/LIfs ;"o{axfb'/ /]UdLsf] c1ft jGb'swf/Lx?sf] uf]nLaf6 ePsf] c;fdlos lgwgn] /fi6« Pj+ gful/s ;'/Iffsf lgldQ ;dlk{t ;'/Iff;+u ;Da4 ;Dk"0f{ lgsfox?nfO{ dfq xf]Og /fi6«k|]dL cfd gful/snfO{ cjZo g} ddf{xt t'NofPsf] 5 . :juL{o >]i7 nufotsf] xTof hf];'s}af6 ePsf] eP tfklg of] sfo{ u}/ lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{, cft+ssf/L lqmofsnfksf] k/fsfi6f / Go"gtd dfgjLo d"Nok|ltsf] ;+j]bgxLgtf tyf dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3gsf] Pp6f lgs[i6 pbfx/0f g} xf] eGg]df z+sf /xFb}g .Æ

sfo{qmddf ;z:q k|x/L ansf sf=d'=dxflg/LIfs ;xaL/ yfkfn] >L % sf] ;dj]bgf ;Gb]zn] cfkm"x?df zf]snfO{ zflGtdf kl/0ft ug]{ xf};nf hufPsf] ljrf/ JoQm ug'{eof] . ;z:q k|x/L ansf] clw/fHoel/sf] sfof{nox?df >4f~hln;efsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 .