h]nnfO{ o'4df]rf{ agfpg] r]tfjgL

emfkf . dfcf]jfbL hgo'4df nfu]sf] cf/f]kdf kqmfp k/L emfkf sf/fuf/df /x]sf aGbLx?n] Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt u/L cfkm\gf dfux? k"/f gu/] s8f cfGbf]ng ug]{ r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfkm"nfO{ lgMzt{ ?kdf 5f]l8g' kg]{ nufot !) ;"qLo dfu /fvL r/0fj4 ?kdf cfGbf]ng ub}{ cfPsf tL aGbLx?n] k|zf;gnfO{ cfkm\gf] dfu k"/f u/fpg k6s–k6s cg'/f]w u/]sf] lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 .

aGbLu[xnfO{ klg o'4df]rf{ agfpg] dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x?sf] dfuk|lt :yfgLo k|zf;gn] b]vfPsf] pbf;Lgtfk|lt uDeL/ cfklQ hgfpFb} cfGbf]ngdf pqg] r]tfjgL lbPsf x'g\ . jt{dfg /fli6«o kl/l:ylt ;+s6k"0f{ cj:yfdf /x]sf] /fhg}lts cGof}nnfO{ k'/fgf] ;Qf / gofF ;QfaLr x'g] uO/x]sf] zflGt jftf{ k|lqmofaf6 ;xL / cu|ufdL lgsf;sf nflu uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ tyf ;+ljwfg;efsf] dxfg lgsf;tkm{ d'n's cufl8 a9\g nfnlot ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL kf6L{åf/f uDeL/tfsf;fy zflGtsf lglDt xb};Ddsf] nrstf k|:t't eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf ;/sf/ kIfn] u}/ lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ 9+un] w/ks8 ug{ sfo{ hf/L /fv]sf] pNn]v ub}{ elgPsf] 5— æjGbLx? l/xfO{sf] k|lqmofdf ;lqmotf gb]vfPsf]df 3f]lift !) ;"qLo dfux? k"/f ug'{sf] ;§f lbgk|ltlbg emfkf sf/fuf/sf ;'ljwfx? 36fpFb} n}hfg'n] k|zf;gsf] lgsDdfkg k|bz{g ePsf] b]vfpF5 . sf/fuf/df kfFr hgf dhb'/, !) hgf ls;fg, !# hgf ljBfyL{ / !@ hgf ;r]t gful/s u/L $) hgf dfcf]jfbL aGbL 5g\ .

– s[i0f bfxfn

e}/xjfdf cGt/f{li6«o af}4 wd{;ef

e}/xjf . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o / k"j{dGqL /fds[i0f tfd|fsf/ ;+/Ifs /xg' ePsf e}/xjf jf8 g+= $ bf]ux/fsf] æk'utf e"ld h]tjg ljxf/Æ kl/;/leq gjlgld{t ljZj zflGt af}4 r}To, af}4 k|1f lgs]tg /]o'sfO{ ljBfno / af}4 ;+:s[lt d'Vo åf/sf] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt tyf k"j{ k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] kmf'ug @& ut] af}4 wfld{s ljlw cg';f/ pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] 5 . O6fnL, l;+ufk'/, ci6«]lnof, hfkfg, hd{gL, Dofgdf/, rLg, yfONof08nufot cGo cfwf bh{g /fi6«sf af}4 wd{ u'?x?sf] ;d]t pkl:yltdf cfof]lht pb\3f6g ;df/f]xn] cGt/f{li6«o af}4 wd{;efsf] :j?k k|fKt u/]sf] lyof] .

cfdf >LdtL u0f]zs'df/L tfd|fsf/n] @)%) ;fn df3 !$ ut] e}/xjfsf] bf]ux/fdf Pp6f af}4 r}To lgdf{0f ug{ ! ljuxf ! s7\7f ( w'/ hUuf / cfkm\gf] / cfkm\gf] nfvf}+sf] u/uxgf bfg ug'{ eP kl5 5f]/f /fds[i0f tfd|fsf/n] ljZjzflGt af}4 r}To, :jf:Yo pkrf/ s]Gb|, k|1f lgs]tg ljBfno, k|1f ;fwgf k'~h k':tsfno, leIf' lgjf;, af}4 ;f+:s[lts d'Voåf/ / Pp6f /d0fLo pkjgsf] kl/sNkgf u/]/ k'utf e"ld h]tjg ljxf/sf] dxTjfsf+IfL of]hgf cl3 ;fg'{ ePsf] lyof] . pb\3fl6t r}To, ljBfno / d'Voåf/sf] lgdf{0f / cGo c+ux?sf] ;/b/ %) k|ltzt lgdf{0f sfo{df :jb]zL / ljb]zL rGbfbftf / ;xof]ustf{x?af6 k|fKt gubL /sd ! s/f]8 #) nfv ?k}ofF vr{ ePsf] 5 eg] lhG;L ;/;fdfg, lgdf{0f ;fdu|L, k|fljlws / oflGqs ;xof]u:j?k em08} Ps s/f]8sf] ;xof]u k|fKt ePsf] lgdf{0f ;ldltaf6 yfxf ePsf] 5 . ljBfno lgdf{0f ug{ / hUuf vl/b ug{ cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yf /]o'sfO{n] ?= $% nfv pknAw u/fPsf] 5 / cGo k|d'v ljb]zLbftfx?df wDdsfof kmfp08]zg, yfONof08, yfO{ /fhb"tfjf;, blIf0f sf]l/ofnL ;/sf/ / hfkfgsf] ofsf]xfdf gu/sf jof]j'4 leIf' Pd, Pg cf]hfsL /xg' ePsf] 5 . putf e"ldsf] ;Dk"0f{ u'?of]hgf k"/f x'g ;ft s/f]8eGbf klg a9L /sd vr{ x'g] cg'dfg 5 .

k|d'v cltly lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] /fds[i0f tfd|fsf/ kl/jf/sf] ;lqmotfdf :yflkt putf e"ld h]tjg ljxf/ ;+:yfn] cfWoflTds, z}lIfs, jftfj/0fLo / hg:jf:Yosf] If]qdf pNn]vgLo of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] ljrf/ JoQm ub}{ /fhgLltdf ;lqmo cGo sf+u|];L g]tfx?nfO{ klg tfd|fsf/ h:t} nf]slxt / /fi6«lxt sfo{df ;dlk{t x'g cfx\jfg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . n'lDagLnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] wfld{s / ko{6s:ynsf] ?kdf ljsl;t ug{ e}/xjfdf cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn agfpg' kg]{ cfkm\gf] k'/fgf] c8fg cem} sfod /x]sf] atfpFb} af}4 /fi6«sf -k"j{sf_ ko{6sx? n'lDagLs} sf/0f g]kfn cfpg] ePsfn] cToflws ;+Vofdf To:tf ko{6sx?nfO{ n'lDagL cfpg k|f]T;flxt ug{ e}/xjfdf cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn aGg' kg]{ s'/fdf sf]O/fnfn] hf]8 lbg'ePsf] lyof] . xTof, lx+;f, cft+sn] q:t g]kfnnufot ;Dk"0f{ ljZjdf eujfg uf}tda'4sf] zflGtsf] ;Gb]z / pkb]zn] zflGt :yfkgf ug{ ;3fp k'¥ofpg]5 pxfFn] eGg'eof] . dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/aLrsf] o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ffnfO{ g]kfnL sf+u|];n] cToGt} ;sf/fTds ?kdf lnPsf] / xfnsf] o'4lj/fdnfO{ :yfoL zflGtdf kl/0ft ug'{ ;a}sf] st{Jo ePsf] wf/0ff sf]O/fnfn] JoSt ug'{ePsf] lyof] . /]o'sfO{ cGt/f{li6«o k|d'v jl/i7 lzo'rf] oz'g dfpgfufn] a'4sf] lzIff ;"o{sf] ls/0f h:tf] xf] / k|1f lgs]tg o'sfO{ ljBfnodf a'4sf] lzIff kfPsf ljBfyL{n] g]kfnsf] ljsf;df dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] z'esfdgf k|s6 ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . O6fnLsf] af}4 ;+:yfsf k|d'v Uofg]rg 6'Ns' cjtf/L nfdfn] ljZj zflGtsf] sfdgf ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . /fds[i0f tfd|fsf/, leIf' 1fg k'GgL, hd{g leIf' ljj]sfgGb, leIf' cZj3f]if dxf:yjL/, kqsf/ / ;dfh;]jL lbnLk e§/fO{, a|s' kl/ldtf, afa'/fd /fgf, w'|j >]i7, ;Tonfn lx/frg, hgs >]i7, lzj g]kfnn] klg ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof]  . leIf' sf]08Gon] ;ef ;+rfng ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . laxfg * ah] # xhf/sf] ;d"xn] >Ln+sfaf6 k|fKt kljq c:t' wft';lxt e}/xjfdf kbofqf lgsfn]sf] lyof] .

;/sf/L ;+:yfg o;/L 8'Ab}5g\

gjnk/f;L . ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf] n'lDagL lrgL sf/vfgf ;'gjnsf] Joj:yfkg kIfsf] lqmofsnfkn] ;dodf k'hL{ kfpg g;Sbf g]kfnL ls;fg k'hL{sf nflu ef/tLo ahf/ 7"6Ljf/L wfpg ljjz ePsf 5g\ . xfn sf/vfgfaf6 kx'Fr ePsf / sldzg lbg ;Sg] s[ifsn] dfq sf/vfgfaf6 k'hL{ kfpg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ eg] kx'Fr gePsf / sldzg lbg g;Sg] s[ifsx?n] pv' x8\tfn ePsf] dlxgf lbg lalt;Sbf klg k'hL{ kfpg g;Sbf 56k6Ldf k/]sf 5g\ .

bnfnsf] dfWodaf6 pv' ljefusf sd{rf/Ln] k'hL{sf] 7]nL ef/tLo ahf/ 7'6Ljf/L k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . x/k'/ uf=lj=;= eS;Lk'/ lgjf;L s[ifs >LsfGt ld>sf] gfddf sfl6Psf] lst]{ k'hL{ pv';lxt /+u]xft klqmPsf] 5 .

clgoldt sfd ug]{ sd{rf/LnfO{ sfjf{xLsf] dfu /fvL sf/vfgf uPsf s[ifsnfO{ Joj:yfkg kIfn] b'Jo{jxf/ u/L kqmfOPsf] ;dfrf/ klg k|sfzdf cfPsf] 5 . ‘a9L s'/f xf]Og, Tof] k'hL{ v'?Ss b]p geP k'hL{ lnP/ hfp’ egL cfkm"nfO{ gofF k'hL{ ydfPsf] pgL atfpF5g\ .

‘d ca s;}sf] lzsfot ulb{g, lzsfot ;'Gg] s'g} lgsfo g} 5}g . ;a}nfO{ k};f g} rflxG5 . cfkm\gf] ;a} pv' gf]S;fg x'geGbf s]xL sldzg lbP/ eP klg 7"6Ljf/Laf6} k'hL{ Nofp5' s]xL t arfpg ;lsG5’ pgL eG5g\ . o;/L sldzgsf] v]ndf sf/vfgfsf] Joj:Yffkgn] gjnk/f;Lsf sl/a !) xhf/ s[ifsdfly v]njf8 ul//xFbf klg lgoGq0f ug]{ lgsfo km]nf gkg'{nfO{ k/f;Ljf;Ln] b'ef{Uo 7fg]sf 5g\ .

;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf] sf/vfgfn] ;dodf pv'sf] d"No lgwf{/0f gu/]sfn] k|fOe]6 sDkgLnfO{ zf]if0f ug]{ cj;/ lbPsf] 5 . n'lDagL lrgL sf/vfgfsf pRr kb:y sd{rf/L / k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf dflnsaLrsf] ;f7ufF7sf sf/0f d"No lgwf{/0fdf l9nfO ePsf] cg'dfg s[ifsx?sf] /x]sf] 5 . pv'sf] Go"gtd d"No lgwf{/0f ug{ / e'QmfgL k|s[of ;/n agfpg g]kfn pv' pTkfbs ;+3 nufotsf s[ifs k|ltlglw ;+:yfn] ldn nufot :yfgLo k|zf;gnfO{ k6s k6s Wofgfsif{0f u/fP klg To;tkm{ s;}sf] b[li6 gk'Ug'nfO{ cfZro{ dflgPsf] 5 . hgtfsf k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] sfof{nodf ljBdfg l9nf;':tL ljs[lt / lj;+ult x6fpg] p2]Zon] e|d0fdf /x]sf] cg'udg 6f]nLsf] ;d]t o;tkm{ b[li6 gk'Ug'nfO{ cfZro{ dflgPsf] 5 .

d"nwf/d} /x]sf] hfgsf/L

gjnk/f;L . g]kfnL sf+u|]; x/k'/ ufpF ;ldltsf ;efklt kz'kltgfy u'Ktfn] Ps k|]; lj1lKt k|sflzt u/L cfkm" g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] d"nwf/k|lt g} k|lta4 /x]sf] s'/f atfpg' ePsf] 5 .

s]xL lbg klxn] d"nwf/ 5f]8L k|hftflGqs sf+u|];sf] ;efklt ePsf] egL ul/Psf] k|rf/ k|;f/ sfo{sf] 3f]/ eT;{gf ub}{ ;efklt u'Ktfn] cfkm" sf+u|];sf] ;+:yfkg kIfdf g} b[9 ;+slNkt /x]sf] atfpFb} cfkm\gf] sfo{stf{nfO{ slQ klg ljrlnt ge} sf+u]|;sf] ;+:yfkg kIfnfO{ g} ;bf em} ;xof]u ul//xg d cfx\jfg ub{5' eGg'ePsf] 5 .

t:s/Ldf ;+nUg #* hgf kqmfp

af/f . k;f{ jGo hGt' cf/If leq cgflws[t ?kdf k|j]z u/L u}/sfg'gL ?kdf afn'jf, lu§L, 9'+uf / bfp/f cf];fl//x]sf] cj:yfdf ( j6f 6«SofS6/, rfns / 9'+uflu§L nf]8 ug]{ dhb'/;lxt #* hgfnfO{ cf/Ifdf t}gfy ;}lgs 6f]nLn] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . k;f{ lhNnfsf] lgd{nj:tL uflj; l:yt bf]x/d vf]nfaf6 9'+uf, lu§L / bfp/f nf]8 u/L cfpFb} u/]sf] cj:yfdf gf@t !$^, @&^, !*^, %@!%, (%@#, (*^), @&$ / %%^( gDa/sf] 6\ofS6/x?nfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] 5 .

6\ofS6/sf] ;fy 6\ofS6/ wgLx? k;f{ lhNnf levdk'/ uflj; ^ a:g] ;'/]zk|;fb s'dL{, dxDdb Obl/; cG;f/L, j8f g+= % a:g] ahL /fpt s'dL{, ljGb]Zj/ l;+x, sa'n x;g ldof, uf]kfnk|:ffb sf]j6, hfgsL6f]n uf=lj=;=–$ sf cf/lb; ldof / xl/x/k'/ uf=lj=;= ! sf pd]zk|;fb k6]nnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] cf/Ifsf jf8]{g huGgfy l;+xn] ljdz{nfO{ atfpg'eof] .

o'4lj/fdn] klg ;'wf/ NofPg

sf7df8f}+ . o'4lj/fd ePsf] Ps dlxgf gf3\bf tf/] xf]6nx?sf] cs'k]zL b/df vf;} a[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;DjlGwt xf]6n Joj;foLx?sf cg';f/ ut k]ma|'c/L dlxgfdf !)÷!% k|ltztn] dfq cs'k]zL a9]sf] 5 .

xf]6n ;+3 g]kfnsf cg';f/ o'4lj/fd cl3 xf]6nx?sf] cs'k]zL nueu !% k|ltzt lyof] . To;df !)÷!% k|ltzt a[l4 x'g' pNn]vgLo k|ult xf]Og .

xf]6n z+s/sf dxfk|jGws ljgf]bz+s/ >]i7sf cg';f/, o'4lj/fd cl3 o; xf]6nsf] cs'k]zL #)÷#% k|ltzt /x]sf]df clxn] $) k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] b'O{ dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf dfr{ /fd|f] dlxgf ePsf]n] of] a[l4 b]lvPsf] xf] jf o'4lj/fdsf] sf/0f xf] :ki6 gePsf] pxfFn] atfpg'eof] . 8]Pn cGgk"0f{ xf]6nsf] klg o'4lj/fd cl3 #)÷#% k|ltzt cs'k]zg ePsf]df clxn] #%÷#* k|ltzt k'u]sf] ;f] xf]6nsf l/he]{zg Dofg]h/ /fhljqmd ;fxn] atfpg'eof] . xf]6nsf] /fh:j
-l/d]Go'_ df klg @) k|ltztn] a[l4 ePsf] hgfpFb} pxfFn] o;nfO{ ;sf/fTds ?kdf lnPsf] atfpg'eof] .

o; jif{sf] hgj/L / km]a|'[c/L dlxgfdf ko{6s cfudgdf ePsf] pT;fxhgs a[l4n] xf]6n Joj;fodf klg km/s kfg]{ ;+s]t b]lvPsf] 5 . o; cjlwdf ut jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf ( k|ltztn] ko{6s a9]sf 5g\ eg] ef/tLo ko{6ssf] a[l4b/ $! k|ltzt 5 . o'4lj/fds} l:ylt /lx/x]df casf] $÷% dlxgf hd]/ ko{6g k|j4{gdf sfd ug]{ xf] eg] cfufdL ;]K6]Da/b]lv ko{6s cfpg ;Sg] wf/0ff xf]6n ;+3 g]kfnsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs dfwjcf]d >]i7n] atfpg'eof] .

e"=k"=;}lgsx?n] s"6g}lts n8fO{ ug]{

sf7df8f}+ . uf]vf{ e"=k"=;}lgs ;+3n] la|l6; uf]vf{sf] k]G;g uf]/f ;/x x'g'k5{ egL la|l6; ;/sf/sf lj?4 la|l6z pRr Gofofno n08gdf btf{ u/]sf] d'2fdf uf]vf{nLsf] xf/ ePsf] va/ ;'Gbf g]kfn e"=k"=;}lgs ;+3nfO{ b'v nfu]sf] 5 . ljz]if u/L o; ljifodf k'g/fj]bg ug{ gldNg] egL ul/Psf] lg0f{o Gofo;+ut gePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;+3n] xfn} cfof]hgf u/]sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf cWoIf d]h/ bLks u'?ªåf/f hf/L jQmJodf elgPsf] 5— æla|l6z lg;fkm egL ljZje/ k|Voft 5 / dfgj clwsf/af/] jsfnt ug{ slxNo} gyfSg] a]nfotn] hfltsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ uf]vf{nL ;}lgsk|lt s'g} k|sf/sf] e]befj ul/g' x'Gg . t;y{ a]nfotsf] ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 Pshgf la|l6z gful/s ;}lgs /fVgnfO{ hlt /sd 5'6\ofOG5 Tolt g} /sd Pp6f uf]vf{nL ;}lgs /fVgnfO{ klg 5'6\ofpg' k5{ . uf]vf{nL ;]gf, la|l6z gful/s ;}lgseGbf dx+uf] klg gxf];\, ;:tf] klg gxf];\ . uf]/f / uf]vf{nLsf] k]G;gsf] cGt/ cem} $ u'0ffs} km/s /x]sf] atfpFb} ;+3n] ;a} la|l6z uf]vf{sf e"=k"=;}lgsx? g]kfn e"=k"=;}lgs ;+3sf] em08f d'lg uf]naGb e} s"6g}lts dfWodaf6 cl3 a9\g] /0fgLlt cjnDag ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 . cfkm\gf dfu k"/f u/fpg] ;Gbe{df ;+3n] la|l6z /fhb"tfjf;sf] 8L=P=l;t e]6\g], g]kfnsf k//fi6« dGqLl;t e]6\g], cfufdL @$ dfr{sf lbgdf la|u]l8o/ aL=hL=nfO{ sf7df8f}+ 1fkgkq lbg], ;f] ;Dej geP lgh;Fu e]6L 5nkmn ug]{ / uf]/f ;/x jf slt;Dd k]G;g a9fpg ;lsg] ;Defjgf 5 ;f] sf] l;kmfl/; r9fpg] sfo{qmd to u/]sf] 5 . a]nfot ;/sf/n] uf]vf{nL ;}lgssf] k]G;g ef/tLo d'b|fdf tf]s]sf] 5 h;n] ubf{ ;6xL b/df tn dfly x'Fbf 7"nf] df/ k5{ . To;}n] kf}08df g} k]G;g tf]lsg' kg]{ dfu ul/Psf] 5 . %–% jif{df k]G;g b/df k'g/fjnf]sg x'g'kg]{, sfo{/t uf]vf{nLn] @@ jif{;Dd ;]jf ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{, btf{ cg'?ksf] k]G;g lbg'kg]{, a]nfotL ;]gfdf ;]jf u/]sf] k|df0fkq k]z u/]sf JolQmx?nfO{ ljgf e]befj a]nfot cfjt hfjt ug]{ OlG8k]G8G6 le;f lbg'kg]{, e"=k"=;}lgssf ;GtfgnfO{ a]nfotdf pRr lzIffsf nflu cWoog ug{ hfg rfx]df z}lIfs le;f k|bfg ug'{kg]{, låtLo ljZjo'4tfsf l;+ufk'/df hfkfgLx?af6 o'4aGbL agfOPsfx?nfO{ cbfntn] km};nf u/] cg';f/ !) xhf/ kf}08 k|ltJolQm Ifltk"lt{ lbg' kg]{ dfu ;+3n] cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 .

5fglag 6f]nL kmlsof] t/ lgisif{ cfPg

jL/u~h . g]kfn ef/t ;Ldf gfkL 6f]nLn] l;df:tDe uf8\bf g]kfnL e"ld / ef/tLo If]qdf k/]sf] ljifodf 5fglag ug{ u[xdGqfnoaf6 cfPsf] 6f]nLn] ;Ldf If]qsf] :ynut lg/LIf0f u/L kms]{sf] 5 . ;Ldf gfkL 6f]nLn] gofF :tDe uf8]kl5 jL/u+h pkdxfgu/kflnsf ;fsL{6f]nsf !% 3/ / Ogjf{ ufpFsf $ 3/ ;lxt ;of}+ ld6/ hldg ef/tLo e"lddf k/]sf] 5 . o; ;DaGwdf 5fglag ug{ gfkL ljefun] af]8{/ ;]n k|d'v gf/fo0f clwsf/L / k"0f{axfb'/ s]=;L=nfO{ v6fPsf] 5 eg] cltl/St k|x/L dxflg/LIfs /ljsfGt cof{n, k|x/L gfoj lg/LIfs ?k;fu/ df]Stfg, u[xdGqfnosf zfvf clws[t 6]sjL/h+u /fodfemLn] ;Ldf :tDe uf8]sf] If]qsf] :ynut lg/LIf0f u/L kmls{g' ePsf] 5 .

;Ldf cltqmd0f eof] of ePg eGg] ljifodf clxn] d s]xL af]lNbg gfkL 6f]nL k|d'v efis/ zdf{n] zlgaf/ ljdz{;Fu eGg'eof]– æolb xfdLn] uNtL u/]sf /x]5f}+ eg] 5fglag 6f]nLn] g} sfjf{xL ug]{5 . o; ;DaGwdf cltl/Qm k|x/L dxflg/LIfs /ljsfGt cof{nn] ;Ldf ;DaGwL ljjfb k|fljlws ;d:of ePsf]n] o;sf] oyfy{ ljj/0f tof/ kfg{ gfkL 6f]nL / :yfgLo k|zf;gnfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] atfpg' eof] . pxffn] s;}sf] hUuf ef/tdf k/]sf] eP klg b'j} b]zsf clwsf/Lsf] a}7s a;L ljjfbsf] 6'+uf] nufpg ;lsg] atfpg'eof] . gfkL 6f]nL k|d'v efis/ zdf{n] eg] cfkm"x?n] gS;fnfO{ d'Vo cfwf/ dfg]/ ;Ldf :tDe uf8\bf g]kfnL e"dL ef/tdf k¥of] eGg] cf/f]k cfpF5 eg] ;Ldf gfkL / :tDe uf8\g g;Sg] wf/0ff JoQm ug'{eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof]— æ5fkf dfWoddf cfPsf s'/fnfO{ d'Vo cfwf/ agfP/ u[xdGqfnon] xfdLnfO{ g} bf]ifL agfpF5 eg] ;Ldf uf8\g 5f]l8lbg]5f}+ .Æ

;Ldf gfkL 6f]nL / :yfgLo k|zf;gn] clxn];Dd slt e"ld ef/tdf k¥of] / s'g gS;fnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ sfd e}/x]sf] 5 eGg] af/]df u[x dGqfnonfO{ ;d]t :ki6 hfgsf/L lbg g;s]sfn] To; ljifodf k'gM :ki6 u/L k7fpg dGqfnon] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ kq sf6]sf] lyof] .

lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non] dGqfnon] ;f]w]sf] k|Zgsf] hjfkm ;fljs sfod /x]sf] ;Ldf :tDex? s;n] s'g ;dodf s] k|of]hgsf nflu uf8]sf] olsg x'g g;s]sf] / ;f] ;DaGwL k|df0fx? gS;fdf gv'n]sf] / lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf klg gb]lvPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;g\ !(*@–*# sf] g]kfn la|l6z ;/sf/sf] ;dodf ufl8Psf ;Ldf :tDex? ;d]t gofF gfkLn] dfGotf glbPsf] sf/0f ;of}+ ld6/ g]kfnL e"dL ef/tLo If]qdf k/]sf] 5 .

cf}iflw sf08sf] 5fglag ;'?

dxf]Q/L . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no dxf]Q/Ln] nfvf}sf] cf}iflw /x:odo 9+uaf6 gi6 u/]sf] 36gfsf] 5fglag cf/De u/]sf] 5 . kfFr jif{ d'lgsf afnaflnsfsf nflu ;/sf/ / bft[ ;d'bfosf] ;xof]udf dxf]Q/L k7fOPsf] kf]lnof], jL=;L=hL= / bfb'/fsf] nfvf} d"No kg]{ cf}iflw lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{non] ut cfOtaf/ /x:odo 9+uaf6 gi6 u/]sf] lyof] . nfvf}sf] cf}iflw gi6 ul/P kl5 pTkGg lj/f]wnfO{ y]Ug c:ktfnn] tL ;a} cf}iflw Dofb ;dfKt ePsfn] gi6 ul/Psf] atfOPsf] lyof] . t/ of] 36gfn] dxf]Q/L c:ktfnsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgot dfly uDeL/ k|Zg lrGx v8f ePsf] 5 . ;a} cf}iflw Dofb ;dfKt eP/ gi6 ul/Psf x'g\ eg] ;dod} la/fdLnfO{ lsg pknAw u/fOPg eGg] k|Zg plAhPsf] 5 .

gi6 ul/Psf] cf}iflwsf] d"No em08} ^% nfv ePsf] ;DalGwt If]qsf lj1x?n] jtfPsf 5g\ . dxf]Q/L c:ktfnn] g} !) PDa'n jL;LhL ;L;L, @) dfOn bfb'/f, b'O{ ;o dfOn kf]lnof]sf] cf}iflw gi6 ePsf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . t/ lhNnf :jf:Yo k|d'v 8f=/fdnvg zfxn] eg] u|fdL0f If]qaf6 lkmtf{ cfPsf] cf}iflwdfq gi6 ul/Psf] atfpg' ePsf] 5 .Æ cf}iflwx? Jojl:yt 9+uaf6 gi6 gu/L kf]v/Ldf kmfNgfn] csf]{ ;d:of pTkGg ePsf] 5 . c:ktfnsf] klZrd k§L kg]{ kf]v/Ldf kmfn]sf s]xL vf]ksf s]xL l;;Lx? cem} ToxL+ cnkq cj:yfdf 5g\ . :yfgLo jfl;Gbfx?sf] s8f lj/f]w kl5 clwsf+z l;;L kf]v/Laf6 p7fP/ hnfpg nufOPsf] lyof] . of] 36gfsf af/]df 5fglag ug{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no dxf]Q/Ln] k|zf;sLo clws[t kjg ;'j]bLsf] ;+of]hsTjdf b'O{ ;b:oLo 6f]nL u7g ePsf] 5 . ;ldltn] k|ltj]bg a'emfP kl5 ;f] sf08sf bf]ifL pk/ sf/jfxL ul/g] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no dxf]Q/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . of] sf08df c:ktfnsf sd{rf/L / cf}iflw dflkmofsf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

e]6f}+ Onfdsf] tof/L ;'?

Onfd . æe]6f}+ OnfddfÆ eGg] d"ngf/fsf;fy a}zfv ! b]lv # ut];Dd dgfpg nfluPsf] Onfd dxf]T;jsf] ljleGg tof/L ;'? ePsf] 5 .

;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L dxf]T;j d"n ;df/f]x ;ldltn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf d"n ;df/f]xsf ;+of]hs tyf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L uf]kfnhL >]i7n] kqsf/x?nfO{ atfpg'eof] . Onfdsf] ko{6gnfO{ lbuf] ko{6gsf] ?kdf cufl8 a9fpg] / OnfdnfO{ ;a}n] lrg'g eGg] p2]Zon] dxf]T;jsf] cfof]hgf ug{ nfluPsf] s'/f >]i7n] atfpg'eof] .

dxf]T;jnfO{ cem cfs{ifs agfpg / Onfd nfKrf hfltsf] Oltxf;nfO{ ;a} ;fd' k'¥ofpgsf nflu cGt'df n]Krf ;+u|fxnosf] :yfkgf ul/g] tyf lkmSsndf g]kfndf Psdfq ePsf] km]g;f]· u'Dafsf] ;Mz'Ns cjnf]sgsf] Joj:yf ul/g] s'/f :yfgLo a'l4hLlj tyf Onfd SofDk;sf ;xk|fWofks o'4k|;fb j}Bn] atfpg'eof] .

Onfd / emfkfsf] l;dfgfsf] ?kdf /x]sf] ;'gdfO{df ToxfFsf] gd"gf ;fd'bflos agn] Ps :yfoL :jfutåf/, kfs{ agfpg] / ko{6ssf] cfudgnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ lhNnfdf /x]sf xf]6nx?nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ yflnPsf] s'/f klg j}Bn] eGg'eof] . ;fy} dxf]T;jnfO{ cem dgf]/~hg k"0f{ agfpgsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] gscfp6 km'6an k|ltof]lutf x'g] / Dof/fy'g bf}8 klg x'g] s'/f j}Bn] atfpg'eof] . ljljw dgf]/~hgfTds sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]/ dgfpg nfluPsf] Onfd dxf]T;jsf] tof/Ldf :yfgLo hgtfsf] ;xeflutf Jofks ?kn] a[l4 x'g] s'/f dxf]T;j d"n ;df/f]x ;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 .

b'O{ ;o ljuxfdf clkmd v]tL

jL/u~h . k;f{ lhNnf ca ufFhf kl5 PsfPs clkmd v]tLsf] sf/0f k]ml/ rrf{df cfPsf] 5 . k;f{ lhNnfdf nufOPsf] cj}w nfu" cf}ifw clkmd v]tL nufpg] uDxl/of ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf rf/ hgf hUufwgL dfly lhNnf k|x/L sfof{non] lhNnf cbfnt k;f{df d'2f bfo/ u/]sf] 5 . k;f{ lhNnfsf !^ j6f ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf s/La @ ;o ljuxf hldgdf clkmd v]tL nufOPsf] k|f/lDes cg'dfg ul/b}5 .

nfu" cf}kw a|fpg ;'u/ tof/ ug]{ clkmd v]tL ufFhf eGbf klg vt/f ePsf]n] o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ dflyaf6 s8fO{ ul/Pkl5 lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no k;f{n] uDxl/of ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt j8f g+= ! sf /fwf ;fxsf # s7\7f !( w'/, uf]bldof t'/fxf ! s7\7f !) w'/, /fdfcf>d ;fxsf] # s7\7f !% w'g / zDe'k|;fb t'/fxfsf] @ s7\7f & w'/ hldgdf clkmd v]tL nufOPsf] km]nf k/]sf]n] lghx?dfly lhNnf cbfnt k;f{df d'2f bfo/ u/]sf] 5 . nfu" cf}kfw clkmd v]tL nufpg] rf/ hgf JolQmnfO{ !) jif{ h]n / !% nfv ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g] sfg'gL k|fjwfg /x]sf] atfOG5 . k;f{df nfu" cf}ifw ufFhf / clkmd v]tLdf sl/a !) xhf/ JolQm ;+nUg /x]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . k|x/Ln] ufFhf sf6]/ yGsfO;s]sf] eP klg ufFhf v]tL u/]sf] 7fpFdf @^ af]6sf] d'r'Nsf tof/ u/L d'2f rnfpg ;lsg] ePsfn] o; ljifodf k|x/L–k|zf;gn] sfjf{xL cufl8 ga9fPdf yfgf rf}sLb]lv k|zf;g k|d'v;DdnfO{ ljefuLo sfjf{xL ug]{ b[9tf JoQm ub}{ u[x dGqfnosf Ps hgf pRr clwsf/Ln] ljdz{ ;+jfbbftf;+u eg] lhNnfdf ;?jf eO{ cfPsf l;l8cf] / P;kLsf] kx'r dfly;Dd ePsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ cK7\of/f] kg{ uPsf] xf] . clxn] k|x/Ln] gfkL / dfnkf]t sfof{nosf sd{rf/L;lxt ufFhf / clkmd v]tL nufpg] s[ifssf] klxrfg ug{ 6f]nL lkmN8df v6fOPsf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no k;f{n] atfPsf] 5 .

– bLk]Gb| rf}xfg

ca k|x/Lsf] kfnf]

sf7df8f}+ . clgoldt sfo{nfO{ /f]Sg] k|d'v bfloTj kfPsf k|x/Lx? g} oltv]/ clgoldttfsf] cf/f]kdf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] kmGbfdf k/]sf 5g\ . cl3Nnf] xKtf clVtof/n] % hgf al/i7 k|x/L clws[tx?sf 3/df 5fkf df/]sf] lyof] . of] qmd cem} a9\g] atfOG5 . 5fkfdf k/]sf k|x/L clws[tx?sf] jofg lng] qmd hf/L 5 eg] z+sfdf k/]sf k|x/Lx?sf kmfOn lemsfpg] sfd ;'? ePsf] clVtof/ ;"qn] hgfPsf] 5 . klxnf] r/0fsf] 5fkf / aofg sf/jfxLdf al/i7 k|x/L clws[tx? j;Gt/fh s'Fj/, ls/0f uf}td / j6' ;'g sf08sf d'Vo cleo'Qm dflgPsf k|x/L pk/LIfs 6k]Gb|Wjh xdfn, k|x/L lg/LIfs j;Gt /f0ff cflb 5g\ . pgLx?;+u x}l;oteGbf a9L ;DklQ e]l6Psf]n] aofg lng yflnPsf] ;"qsf] bfjL 5 . o; qmddf cf]6' ;'g sf08sf] kmfOn d'2fdf kl/0ft x'g clGtd txdf k'u]sf] 5 . ;"q cg';f/ s'g} k|fljlws sf/0f plAhPg eg] Ps, b'O{lbgd} d'2f bfo/ x'g]5 .

k|f/lDes sfjf{xLdf k/]sf kfFr clws[tx?sf rn, crn ;DklQ vf]Hg] sfd tLa| kfl/Psf] 5 . clVtof/n] j'wjf/ ljleGg a}+sdf /x]sf vftfx?sf] ljj/0f dfu u/]sf] 5 eg] hUuf hdLg. j]rljvg. gfd;f/L jf To:t} s]xL u/L xfn;fn} :jfldTj x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] ljj/0f lbg klg ;DalGwt dfnkf]t sfof{nodf kq n]v]sf] atfOG5 . clxn] pgLx?sf 3/ sDkfp08 / pgLx? cfkm}+n] b]vfPsf hUuf hdLgx?sf] d"Nof+sg ug{ k|fljlws 6f]nL v6fO;lsPsf] klg ;"qn] hgfPsf] 5 .

clVtof/sf] cg';Gwfgdf kg]{ k|x/Lx?sf] ;+Vof ;fgf] 5}g . ;"qx? cg';f/, hfgsf/L /fVg] JolQmx?n] lbPsf ph'/LnfO{ 5fglag ubf{ clxn] g} tLg;oeGbf a9L k|x/L clws[tx? sf/jfxLsf] 3]/fdf kg{ ;Sb5g\ . of] ph'/L k|x/L k|wfg sfof{nos} s]xL clws[tn] lbPsf] ;"qx?sf] bfaL 5 . k|f/lDes ph'/L x]bf{ pgLx?sf af/] ;'?b]lvg} / jf:tljs ?kd} hfgsf/L ePsf JolQmx?n] ljj/0f lbPsf a'lemG5 . oL ph'/Ldfly k|f/lDes 5fglag ;s]/ ;DalGwt clws[tx?sf 3/df 5fkf dfg]{, aofg lng af]nfpg] / cfkm\g} kIfaf6 yk cg';Gwfg 6f]nL v6fpg] tof/L clVtof/n] ul//x]sf] 5 .

k|x/L clws[tsf] olt 7"nf] ;+Vof e|i6frf/ / cs't ;DklQ x}l;oteGbf a9L ;DklQ cfh{g u/]sf ;Gbe{df 5fglag ;'? ePsf] klxnf] 36gf xf] . o; cl3 s]xL k|x/L clws[tn] gSsnL k|df0fkq k]z u/]/ ;]jf k|j]z u/]sf tyf j9'jf ePsf;d]t b]lvP kl5 ltgsf lj?4 clVtof/n] ljz]if cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ul/;s]sf] 5 .

g]=lj=;+3 ;+3if{lt/

sf7df8f}+ . ljleGg ;ft ;'qLo dfux? cl3 ;f/L k|rf/fTds Pj+ bafad"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul//x]sf] g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf] klxnf] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd b]ze/sf lq=lj= / dx]Gb| ;+:s[t ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf ;Dk"0f{ SofDk;x? cfh kmfu'g @( ut] Ps lbgsf nflu aGb u/L ;dfkg ul/of] .

g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 s]Gb|Lo sfof{noåf/f lxhf] hf/L lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5— ljBfyL{ ju{;+u k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] tL dfux? k"/f ug{sf nflu k6s k6s pks'nklt ;dIf bafa lb+bf klg pks'nkltn] j]jf:tf u/L xfd|f dfux? k"/f u/fpg] tkm{ s'g} klg rf;f] gb]vfPsf] s'/fn] cfufdL a}zfv !) ut]sf nflu ;fl/Psf] :j=lj=o"= lgjf{rg ;d]t u/fpg] s'/fk|lt xfdL ljZj:t gePsf] x'Fbf bf];|f] r/0fdf cem ;zQm / k"0f{ bafad"ns sfo{qmdsf ;fy ;8s cfGbf]ngsf] tof/Ldf /x]sf] s'/f hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxG5f}+ . nfdf] ;+3if{af6 :yflkt ljBfyL{x?sf] xs clwsf/sf] nflu n8\g] Ps dfq ;+:yf :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] lgjf{rgnfO{ if8\oGqd"ns 9+uaf6 k5fl8 ;f/L z}lIfs If]qnfO{ c:tAo:t agfpg] / ljBfyL{sf] clwsf/sf vflt/ cl3 ;fl/Psf dfux?nfO{ klg a]jf:tf u/L xfd|f] cfGbf]ngnfO{ sd cfSg] lq=lj= k|zf;g / pks'nkltn] g]=lj=;+3sf] cfufdL cfGbf]ng y]Ug cToGt ef/L kg]{ s'/fsf] r]tfjgL lbg rfxG5f}+ .

g]lj;+3n] k|:t't dfux?nfO{ k"/f gu/] g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 s'g} klg xfntdf k5fl8 gx6\g] k|lta4tf Pj+ c7f]6sf ;fy cl3 a9]sf] s'/f ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{ ju{nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpFb} pQm cfGbf]ngdf jt{dfg / ljutdf em}+ k"0f{ ;xof]u ul/bfsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ k|fWofks, sd{rf/L, cleefjs, kqsf/nufot ;Dk"0f{ dxfg'efjnfO{ xflb{s cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 .

Pdfn] g]tfn] tnj klg kfpg]

tfKn]h'· . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ Pdfn]n] cf}krfl/s lg0f{o u/L cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/ g]tfx?nfO{ dfl;s kfl/>lds lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . kfl/>lds lbg] 3f]if0ff ug]{df Pdfn]sf] tfKn]h'· lhNnf ;ldlt klxnf] k+lQmdf k/]sf] 5 . ;ldltsf] xfn} a;]sf] j}7sn] ;lrj ltns'df/ d]ofªjf], pk;lrj l8NnL k|;fO{+ / sfof{no ;lrj anaxfb'/ ;fD;f]xfªnfO{ dfl;s tLg xhf/ ?k}ofF kfl/>lds lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

lhNnf ;ldltn] sfo{;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] lhDd]jf/L ;d]t tf]s]sf] 5 . h; cg';f/ ;lrj ltns'df/ d]ofªjf]nfO{ sd{rf/L kmfF6, pk;lrj l8NnL k|;fO{+nfO{ ;+u7g ljefu, lzIff / ljBfno kmfF6, ;b:o sfhLdfg ;fD;f]xfªnfO{ e"k";}lg s;+3, ;b:o /fd ;'j]bLnfO{ ls;fg kmfF+6, ;b:o lrq u'Ktf ;fFjfnfO{ o'jf kmfF6, ;b:o 8fns'df/ u'?ªnfO{ blnt / hg;f+:s[lts kmfF6sf] ;+of]hssf] lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] 5 . ;f] kf6L{sf cg';f/, ;b:o 8Da/ rf]ªjfªnfO{ :jo+;]js bn, ;b:o lgd{n OhdnfO{ dlxnf ljefu / sfof{no ;lrj anaxfb'/ ;fD;f]xfªnfO{ cfly{s ljefu k|d'v tf]lsPsf] 5 .

sfg'g Joj;foL k|ltudgsf] lj/f]wdf

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfnsf sfg'g Joj;foLx?n] k|hftGq / jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] kIfdf cledt hfx]/ u/]sf 5g\ . sfg'g Joj;foLx?sf] ut ;ftf /fhwfgLdf ;DkGg /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn] c;f]h !* ut]sf] zfxL 3f]if0ff kl5 d'n'snfO{ k|ltudgtkm{ n}hfg] e}/x]sf] if8\oGqx?sf] eT;{gf ub}{ tTsfn ;+j}wflgs k|s[ofnfO{ ;xL lnsdf n}hfg dfu u/]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL ;a} sfg'g Joj;foLx?sf] Pp6} cfjfh lyof]– k|ltudg lj?4 ;a} Ps eP/ n8\g' k5{ .Æ k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf] /Iffsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ k|hftGqjfbL zlQmx? Ps x'g' kg]{ s'/fdf ;Dd]ngn] hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . jt{dfg c;Dj}wflgs rGb ;/sf/nfO{ tTsfn vf/]h u/L hgljZjf; k|fKt ;j{kIfLo ;/sf/ u7g ul/g' kg]{ k|:tfjnfO{ ;Dd]ngn] ;j{;Ddt ?kdf kfl/t u/]sf] 5 .

c;f]h !* sf] zfxL 3f]if0ff kl5 ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 ePsf ;a} sfd cj}wflgs ePsf] 7x/ ub}{ ;Dd]ngåf/f kfl/t 3f]if0ffkqdf elgPsf] 5– æhgfwf/ gePsf] jt{dfg ;/sf/n] ljBdfg ;d:of ;dfwfg ug'{sf] ;f6f] emg\emg\ hl6n jgfpFb} nu]sf] 5 .Æ

lj3l6t ;+;b\df k|ltlglwTj ug]{ bnx?sf] ;Nnfx / ;xdltdf @)$^ ;fnsf] pknlAw / g]kfn clw/fHosf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfg leq}af6 dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{ k|lqmof yfngL x'g' kg]{ dfu sfg'g Joj;foLx?sf] ;Dd]ngn] u/]sf] 5 .

k|=d=rGb lhNnflt/

sf7df8f}+ . k|wfgdGqL x'Fbf klg lhNnflt/ hfg g?rfpg] k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb ;'b"/klZrdf~rnsf sfo{stf{x?sf] k|jn cfu|xkl5 ef]ln zlgaf/ j}t8L / dx]Gb|gu/ hfg' x'g] ePsf] 5 . pxfF o; cl3 k|=d= ePsf] a]nf klg cfkm\gf] lhNnfdf hfg' ePsf] lyPg / ut r'gfjdf k/flht ePkl5 lhNnfjf;Lx?;+u emg\ ;Dks{ 6'6]sf] lyof] . j}t8Ljf;Lx?n] pxfFnfO{ glhtfP klg pxfF k'gM k|wfgdGqL aGg'eof] . ;Qf k|flKtkl5 pxfF km]l/ ;'b"/klZrdf~rnjf;Lx?sf] lk|o aGg' ePsf] 5 . elgG5, ;'b"/klZrdf~rnjf;Lx?df If]qLo efjgf cTolws 5 . To;}n] k|d rGbk|lt /fkk|fjfx]s c? kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ / cfd gful/sx? klg lgSs} cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ . j}t8L / dx]Gb|gu/df rGbsf] eJo :jfut x'g] ePsf] 5 . k|d rGb tL If]qsf] ljsf;l;t ;DalGwt s]xL sfo{qmdx?sf] ;f}uft klg lnP/ hfg nfUg' ePsf] a'lemG5 .

b08xLgtf cGTo ug'{k5{

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfnsf] jfdkGyL cfGbf]ngsf Ps rlr{t g]tf :j= Clif b]jsf]6f ‘cfhfb’sf] xTof ;DaGwL k':tssf] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf ;+:yfks g/axfb'/ sdf{rfo{n] oxfF Ps ;df/f]xsf aLr ljdf]rg ug'{eof] . kqsf/ n]vgfy e08f/Låf/f lnlvt ;f] k':tsdf :j=b]jsf]6fsf] xTofsf] k[i7e"ld, xTof / dfgj clwsf/sf pnª\3g 36gfx? ;d]l6Psf]] 5 .

j}slNks ;d"xåf/f cfof]lht ædfgj clwsf/ tyf sfg'gL zf;gÆ ljifos 5nkmn sfo{qmdf g]tf sdf{rfo{n] k':tssf] cfjZostf / dxTjsf] rrf{ ub}{ sDo'lg:6 qmflGtsf] nflu xltof/ p7fpg clgjfo{ eP klg To:tf] l:ylt xfn gePsf]n] ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] zflGt jftf{ ;kmn x'g'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] . g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg ljh'R5] æ/f]lxtÆn] b]zdf cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] lglDt xltof/ p7fpg] kl/l:ylt g/x]sf] rrf{ ub}{ jfdkGyL kf6L{x?n] g} dfS;{jfbnfO{ ;xL kl/k|]Iodf a'em\g / dgg ug{ g;s]sf] u'gf;f] ug'{eof] . :j= b]jsf]6fsL kTgL Pj+ /fli6«o;efdf g]skf Pdfn]sL ;f+;b >LdtL uf]df b]jsf]6fsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmddf g]skf Pstf s]Gb| d;fnsf k|jQmf lrqaxfb'/ s]=;L=, /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf ;b:o ;'zLn Kofs'/]n / kqsf/ x]daxfb'/ lai6n] /fHodf b08xLgtfsf] l:yltsf] cGTo ug{ :j=b]jsf]6f nufot xfn;Ddsf ;a} u}/ Goflos xTofsf] 5fgaLg u/L bf]ifLx?nfO{ sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostf cf}Nofpg' eof] .

k':tssf n]vs Pj+ kqsf/ e08f/Ln] k':ts cfkm\gf] lghL k|of;df tof/ ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbb} k':ts g]kfnsf] /fHo k|0ffnLdf ljBdfg b08xLgtfsf] pbfx/0f ePsf] rrf{ ug'{eof] .

ef/tLo ko{6s a9fpg ljz]if sfo{qmd

sf7df8f}+ . ef/tLo ko{6sx?sf] cfudg a9fpg g]kfn ko{6g af]8{n] l5§} gofF sfo{qmdx?sf] 3f]if0ff ug]{ ePsf] 5 . af]8{sf ;xfos k|jGws lbjfs/ /f0ffsf cg';f/ l5§} tL sfo{qmdx?sf af/]df clGtd lg0f{o x'g]5 .

sfo{qmdsf nflu ef/tLo kqsf/x?sf] kl/rofTds g]kfn e|d0f, ef/tLo rnlrqsdL{x?nfO{ rnlrq 5fof+sgsf] g]kfndf cfslif{t ug]{, ef/tLo sDkgLx?;+u æskf]{/]6 6fO ckÆ u/]/ k|j4gfTds sfd ug]{ ef/tLo ko{6sx?nfO{ nlIft u/]/ 7"nf d]nfx? cfof]hgf ug]{ ePsf 5g\ .

;xfos k|jGws /f0ffsf cg';f/, kqsf/ kl/rofTds sfo{qmd cGt/ut ef/tLo kqsf/nfO{ g]kfnsf ljleGg ko{6sLo :ynx?sf] e|d0f u/fO{ ltgsf af/]df n]Vg pTk|]l/t ul/g]5 .

rnlrq 5fof+sgsf] nflu cfslif{t ug]{ sfo{qmd eg] gofF sfo{qmd xf] . ef/tLo rnlrqsdL{x? o'/f]k, cd]l/sf ljleGg efudf u/]/ rnlrq 5fof+sg ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf w]/} /fd|f 5fof+sg :yn /x]sf / t'ngfTds ?kdf pgLx?sf] nfut klg sd kg]{ x'Fbf ef/tLo rnlrqsdL{x? oxfF cfslif{t x'g ;Sg] b]v]/ of] sfo{qmd k|:tfljt ul/Psf] /f0ffn] atfpg'eof] .

skf]{/]6 cGt/ut ;+emf}tf ePsf] sDkgLn] cfkm\gf] pTkfbg ljqmL ug]{ qmddf g]kfndf k|j4{gfTds lj1fkg ug]{5 eg] g]kfnn] ;f] sDkgLsf] af6f] eP/ cfpg] ko{6snfO{ lglZrt ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnot lbg]5 . o:tf sfo{qmd ;g\ @))) df klg ul/Psf] lyof] . 7"nf e]nfx? cfof]hgf ubf{ g]kfn e|d0f ug{ ;'/lIft 5 eGg] ;Gb]z ljZj hgdfg;df hfg] x'Fbf ;f] sfo{qmd k|:tfljt ul/Psf] /f0ff atfpg'x'G5 .

8]l:6g]zg g]kfn cleofg cGt/ut clxn] klg ef/tsf ljleGg ;x/x?df ljleGg k|j4{gfTds sfo{qmdx? eO/x]sf 5g\ . :yndfu{af6 cfpg] ko{6ssf] ;+Vof a[l4 ug]{ p2]Zon] k"j{df l;nu'9L, bflh{ln·, ufGtf]s blIf0fdf uf]/vk'/, cnfxfjfb, agf/;, sfgk'/ / nvgpdf af]8{/ 6fpg d]nf ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ eg] d'DaO{ / gofFlbNnLdf sGh'd/ d]nf ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 .

rf/ kqsf/sf] rog

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn kqsf/ ;xf;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] xfn} ;DkGg a}7sn] Onfdsf lw/]g r]Dhf]ª, ?kGb]xLsf lxdf+z' rf}w/L / sf7df8f}+sf lji0f' zdf{ / tf/f Gof}kfg]nfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:odf dgf]gog u/]sf] 5 .

dxf;+3sf ;efklt tf/fgfy bfxfnsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ;f] j}7sn] cfufdL r}qb]lv h]7 dlxgf;Dd d'n'ssf % j6} ljsf; If]qdf If]qLo e]nf u/fpg] lg0f{o u/]]sf] 5 . k"jf{~rnaf6 ;'? x'g] klxnf] If]qLo e]nf cfh Onfddf x'g] ePsf] 5 .

dxf;+3n] kqsf/x?sf] b'3{6gf ladf ul/g' kg]{ / >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 ljt/0f ul/b} cfPsf nf]ssNof0fsf/L lj1fkgsf] tTsfn e'QmfgL lbg ;/sf/;Fu dfu u/]sf] 5 . dxf;+3sf] !$$ hgf kqsf/x?nfO{ gofF ;b:otf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .