/fhfn] zlQm g5f]8] cfGbf]ng rls{g] Mdfwj g]kfn k|=d=sf] nflu ;j{;Ddt
rf“8} gof“ ;/sf/ klg, ;+;b\ klg

b/af/sf] k|ltufdL sbd lj?4 / cu|ufdL /fhgLlts kl/jt{gsf nflu b]zsf /fhgLlts bnx?n] …hgcfGbf]ngÚsf] 3f]if0ff ug}{ nfu]sf] a]nf cfGbf]ng j]u/ g} /fhfn] sfo{sf/L clwsf/ 5f]8\g], zlQm;DkGg ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ aGg] / k|ltlglw;ef k'g:yf{kgf;d]t x'g] ;+efjgf b]vf k/]sf] 5 . oxL ;ftf ;/sf/ kl/jt{g x'g ;S5 . /fhf sfo{sf/L clwsf/ 5f]8]/ zlQm ;DkGg dlGqkl/ifb\ u7g ug{ /fhL ePdf ;a} bn k|wfgdGqLsf nflu Pp6} gfd lbg ;xdt ePsf 5g\ .

/fhgLlts bnx? ljjz eP/ cfGbf]ngdf plqg nfu]sf x'g\ . To;}n] pgLx?n] cfGbf]ngsf] ljsNk v'nf /fv]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL cft+s / c/fhstfsf] nfdf] kL8f ef]u]sf gful/sx? cfGbf]ngdf hfg OR5's 5}gg\ . b]znfO{ clxn] cfGbf]ng x}g zflGtsf] cfjZostf 5 . o'4lj/fdkl5 pTkGg zflGtsf] jftfj/0fnfO{ cfGbf]ngn] ljyf]Ng ;S5 . k|:tfljt cfGbf]ng hgtfsf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'/lIft / ;'b[9 kfg]{ Wo]on] x'g nfu]sfn] g]skf dfcf]jfbL klg To;af6 6f9f /xg ;Qm}g . dxTjfsf+IffL g]tfx? tTsfnsf] nfesf nflu hgtfeGbf b/af/lt/ nfu] eg] pgLx?n] cfkm\g} sfo{stf{sf] sf]kefhg aGg' kg]{5 . cl:t;Dd cfGbf]ngnfO{ æjftf{df Jojwfg pTkGg ug]{Æ egL k/f]If ?kdf b/af/nfO{ an k'¥ofpg] dfcf]jfbL g]tfx? ca cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;xof]u ug{ tTk/ ePsf 5g\ . PSnf] dfcf]jfbLn] /fHo ;+oGqnfO{ km]b}b]lv xNnfO lbP eg] ;a} /fhgLlts bnsf] cfx\jfgdf x'g] / dfcf]jfbLn] klg ;fy lbg] hgcfGbf]ngsf] ?k / kl/0ffd s:tf] xf]nf < of] k|Zgn] hGdfpg] cg'dfg dfqn] klg w]/}nfO{ eoeLt t'NofPsf] 5 . cl:t;Dd dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ o'4lj/fd ug{, jftf{df cfpg / zflGtk"0f{ Pj+ k|hftflGqs k|lqmofdf ;fd]n x'g k|]l/t ug]{ /fhgLlts bnx? g} clxn] cfGbf]ngdf plqg] l:ylt cfpg' b'ef{Uok"0f{ g} xf] . nfdf] w}o{, ;+od / ;xdltsf] vf]hLkZrft\ klg b/af/n] hgzlQmsf] pk]Iff / hgtfjLr hfg] bnx?sf] ckx]ngf ul//x]sfn] k|hftGqjfbL bnx? hgtfnfO{ hufpg cu|;/ ePsf x'g\ . o; cjlwdf hgtfaLr hfg] bnsf g]tfx?n] hgtf k|hftGqsf nflu s'g} klg d"No r'sfpg tof/ ePsf] ;Gb]z lnP/ kmls{P . /fhgLlts bnx?n] ;Qfdf a;]sf] a]nf hgck]Iff k"/f ug{ g;s]sfn] pgLx?sf] nf]slk|otfdf x|f; cfP tfklg hgtfsf] clwsf/ ;'/lIft / ;'b[9 kfg]{ tyf b/af/nfO{ lg/+s'z x'g glbg] cleofgsf nflu s'g} klg of]ubfg ug{ hgtf tof/ ePsf 5g\ . >L % af6 hglgjf{lrt ;/sf/nfO{ …c;IfdÚ egL cfkm}+ clwsf/ lnO{ u7g u/]sf] dlGqd08n, dGqLx?sf] 5gf}6 / k|j[lQ To;kl5 hgtfdf k/]sf] ef/ Pj+ r'gfj u/fpg] clgR5f cflbn] ubf{ hgtf b/af/k|lt cfqmf]lzt 5g\ . hgtfnfO{ b/af/n] ;'lgof]lht ?kdf cfkm}+ ;+s6 v8f u/]sf] xf] eGg] k/]sf] xf] . hgtfsf] of] wf/0ff d]6\g ufx|f] 5 . To;}n] pgLx? eljiodf o:tf] 36gf gxf];\ egL clxn] g} …jf/ ls kf/Ú ug]{ d"8df b]lvG5g\ . ;+ejtM hgtfsf] of] dfgl;stf b]v]/ g} b/af/n] cfGbf]ng k|f/De g} geO{ o;nfO{ /f]Sg] pkfo vf]Hg yfn]sf] xf] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;bfzotf;fy k|:t't ePdf g]=sf= / Pdfn] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqnfO{ ;+/If0f ug{ tof/ 5g\ . t/ b/af/n] km]l/ kf6L{{sf] gf8L 5fDg] / v]njf8 ug]{ r]i6f u/]df kl;{ cfOtaf/ 6'“l8v]naf6} hgcfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff x'g]5 .

Ps ljZj:t ;"q cg';f/, b]zsf] l:ylt, /fh;+:yfsf] 5lj / cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfosf] efjgfsf] hfgsf/L /fVg]x?n] lbPsf] k/fdz{ cg'?k >L % af6 rf8} /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?nfO{ af]nfO{ …;'/lIft cjt/0fÚ af/] 5nkmn ul/aS;g] ePsf] 5 . o; qmddf z'?df cfGbf]ng/t k|d'v bnx?nfO{ dfq af]nfpg] s'/f lyof] . ca /fk|kf / ab|L d08nsf] ;d"xnfO{ klg 8fSg] s'/f 5 . /fk|kf;Dd cfGbf]ngsf/LnfO{ dfGo x'g ;S5, t/ b/af/sf] :jfy{ / k|ltudgsf afxg aGg hGdfOPsf bnx?sf] ;xeflutf pgLx?sf nflu :jLsfo{ x'“b}g . To:tf bn jf g]tfnfO{ klg lgDTofOPsf cfGbf]ngsf/L bnx? dgsf] s'/f gvf]Ng] / lzi6frf/dfq lgjf{x ug]{ kIfdf 5g\ . t/ /fhfaf6 k|d'v bnx?nfO{ dfq af]nfP/ ;sf/fTds lgsf; vf]Hg k|oTg ePdf ;a} bn Psdt eP/ ;'emfj lbg tof/ 5g\ . g]tfx? cfGbf]ng rDsfpg]eGbf ;xdltaf6} lgsf; vf]Hg OR5's 5g\ .

k|wfgdGqL sf] <

sf+u|];nfO{ k|wfgdGqLTj lbg b/af/ tof/ 5}g . k|hftGqkZrft\sf] nfdf] cjlwdf sf+u|];s} g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ /x]sf] / To; cjlwsf ;/sf/sf sfo{x?k|lt hgtfaf6 ck]lIft ;sf/fTds k|ltlqmof gcfPsfn] sf+u|]; cfkm}+ klg ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj ug]{ dfdnfdf ;+od ul//x]sf] 5 . g]sf ;efklt sf]O/fnfn] cfkm" k|=d= aGg OR5's gePsf] ljrf/ ;fj{hlgs?kd} JoQm ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . cfGbf]ngsf] tof/Ldf nfu]sf] a]nf ;Qfdf hf“bf hgtfn] ;Qfnf]n'k 7fGg] ePsfn] klg sf+u|]; ;/sf/ u7g ug]{ dfdnfdf cl3 ;g{ grfx]sf] xf] . g]sf ;"qsf cg';f/ b/af/sf] efjgfnfO{ klg b[li6ut u/]/ sf+u|];n] ;Qfsf] bf}8df ;lDdlnt gx'g] dfgl;stf agfPsf] 5 .

o;/L sf+u|];n] af6f] 5f8]kl5 Pdfn]sf] kfnf] xf] . g]sf ;efkltsf] xNnfn] w]/} ;do cl3 g} Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnnfO{ æk|wfgdGqL aGg] k|of; ug'{;\, d]/f] z'esfdgf 5Æ egL cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . t/ sf]O/fnfsf] egfO{ lyof]– ædnfO{ nfU5 cGo ljsNk eP;Dd b/af/n] tkfO{+nfO{ k|=d= agfp“b}g . To;}n] b/af/sf] e/ gkg'{;\, cfkm\gf] zlQm cfkm}+ a9fpg'xf];\ . b/af/lt/ nfu]/ zlQm a9\b}g, hgtfsf] ;fy g5f]8g';\ . cfGbf]nglt/ nfu] dfq tkfO{+n] df}sf kfpg' xf]nf . sf]O/fnf k|=d= kbsf nflu g]kfnnfO{ df}sf lbg tof/ dfq x'g'x'Gg, /fhfn] /fo dfu]df dfwjs'df/ g]kfnsf] gfd l;kmfl/z ug]{ x'g' ePsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] gfddf hgdf]rf{, g]dlskf / ;b\efjgf kf6L{nfO{ klg cfklQ 5}g .

k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx?aLr csf]{ s] klg ;xdlt ePsf] 5 eg] /fhfn] sfo{sf/L clwsf/ x:tfGt/0f u/] dfq ;/sf/df hfg] / Tof] dlGqd08n zlQm ;DkGg, ;j{bnLo / ;j{kIfLo x'g] cyf{t\ cfGbf]ngsf kIfw/ ;a} bn ;lDdlnt x'g] / o;afx]s s'g} bndf g/x]sf JolQmnfO{ klg ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] . /, Tof] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] klxnf] a}7sn] g} k|ltlglw;efsf] clwj]zg 8fSg >L % df l;kmfl/z ug]{ . k|ltlglw;ef k'g:yf{lkt eP klg dfwj g]kfnnfO{ k|d kbaf6 gx6fpg] .

dfcf]jfbLl;t ToxL ;/sf/sf] jftf{ ug]{5 . jftf{ lsgf/f nfu]kl5 dfcf]jfbLnfO{ klg ;/sf/df ;fd]n u/L r'gfj u/fpg] . Tof]eGbf klxn] dfcf]jfbLsf] cgf}krfl/s ;Nnfxdf s;}nfO{ dGqL agfpg ;lsg] . ;d;fdlos ;Gbe{df ;+s6sf] ;jf]{Qd lgsf; oxL b]lvG5 .

dfwj g]kfnfO{ k|d agfPdf klg cfGbf]ng t'lxg ;Sg] ePsfn] klg b/af/sf] k|fyldstf g]kfn g} x'g] ;+efjgf 5 .

b/af/n] ;+efljt cfGbf]ng ljkmn kfg{ ljleGg /0fgLltx? ckgfpg] tyf cfh of ef]ln g} g]tfx?nfO{ ælrofkfgÆ df 8fSg] rrf{ eP tfklg /fhfaf6 s'g} lgZro ul/;s]sf] cfef; kfOGg . lxhf] /flt;Dd klg s'g} g]tfnfO{ s]xL va/ uPsf] 5}g . g]tfx? b/af/sf] lgDtf kv]{/ a;]sf 5g\ . cfh jf ef]ln g} geP klg of] ;ftfleq b/af/n] ;+;bLo bnx?nfO{ lgDTofpg] ;+efjgf k|jn 5 .

s"6gLlt1x? ;lqmo

/fhf / /fhgLlts bnx?aLr pTkGg b'/L / åGå x6fpg s"6gLlt1x? klg lqmofzLn ePsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL;+u ;/sf/n] jftf{ k|f/De u/]sf], dfcf]jfbLn]] cfkm\gf] k|:tfj k|:t't ul/;s]sf] / jftf{ k|;+udf dfcf]jfbLx? xfjL x'“b} uPsf] t/ ;/sf/L jftf{ 6f]nLdf k|hftflGqs lrGtg, hgpQ/bfloTj / /fhgLlts uDeL/tf gePsf JolQmx? /x]sf]n] k|hftflGqs d'n'ssf s"6gLlt1x? cu|;/ ePsf x'g\ . o; qmddf cd]l/sL /fhb"t dfOsn O{=d]lngf]sfj:sLn] cfh g]sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ e]6]/ ;d;fdlos /fhgLlts l:yltaf/] ljrf/ ljdz{ u/]sf lyP . cd]l/sL /fhb"tn] sf]O/fnfnfO{ cfkm" k|hftGq / zflGtsf] kIfdf /x]sf] atfp“b} ;+j}wflgs /fhfn] /fhgLlts bnx?sf] /fo cg'?k sfd ug'{kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm ub}{ /fhgLlts bnx?n] cfGbf]ng ubf{ cft+sjfbnfO{ an gk'uf];\ egL ;hu x'g' kg]{ /fo k|s6 u/]sf lyP . k|To'Q/df sf]O/fnfn] cfkm\gf] nIo hgtfsf] ckxl/t clwsf/ lkmtf{ lbnfpg dfq /x]sf] atfp“b} cfkm" ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / k|hftGqsf] kIfdf cl8u /xg] hfgsf/L lbg' ePsf] lyof] . /fhb"t d]lngf]j:sLsf] Ps k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf pxf“n] k|=d= km]g]{ xf] eg] dfwj g]kfnnfO{ agfpg' plrt x'g] /fo JoQm ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . cfh cd]l/sL / la|l6z /fhb"tn] Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnnfO{ klg e]6]/ uDeL/ 5nkmn ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

o;}aLr, /fk|kfsf g]tf tyf k"j{ k|=d=;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] ;a} kf6L{sf g]tfx?nfO{ 5'§f5'§} e]6]/ cfkm\gf] ef/t e|d0faf/] hfgsf/L lbg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] g]=sf=, Pdfn], g]dlskf, hgdf]rf{;lxtsf g]tfx?nfO{ atfP cg';f/, ef/tn] /fhfnfO{ ;a} bnx?sf] ;xof]u;fy cl3 a9\g, cft+sjfbLnfO{ lg?T;flxt ug]{ Pj+ k|hftGqnfO{ alnof] kfg{ ;Nnfx lbPsf] lyof] . t/ cfkm\gf] k/fdz{ /fhfaf6 pk]Iff ePsf]df ef/t;lxt cGo ldq/fi6« klg c;Gt'i6 b]lvG5g\ .

clxn];Dd h] eP klg ca b/af/ PSn} / clwgfosjfbL af6f]df lx+8\g ;Dej 5}g . To;}n] oxL ;ftf >L % af6 sfo{sf/L clwsf/;lxtsf] gof“ ;/sf/ u7g ul/aS;g] ;Defjgf k|jn 5 .

sf]O/fnfnfO{ cfGbf]ngsf] sdf08/ agfOg]

c;f]h !* ut]sf] sbd lj¿¢ hgtfsf xs clwsf/nfO{ k'g:yf{kgf u/fpg] ;Gbe{df /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmdnfO{ emg\ lj:t[t agfp“b} nfg yfn]sf 5g\ . kl;{ cfOtaf/ 6'“l8v]nsf] cfd;efnfO{ eJo ¿k lbg / ToxL“af6 hgcfGbf]ngsf] lau'n km'Sg ;a} kf6L{x¿ 5'§f5'§} / ;fd"lxs ¿kdf u[xsfo{df Jo:t 5g\ . ToxL lbg ToxL cfd;efaf6 g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf of] hgcfGbf]ngsf] sdf08/ 3f]lift x'g'x'g] ePsf] 5 . sf]O/fnfnfO{ of] hgcfGbf]ngsf] sdf08/ agfpg ;fd"lxs cfGbf]ngdf plqg tof/ /x]sf ;a} kf6L{x¿ ;xdt ePsf 5g\ . hgcfGbf]ngsf ;Gbe{df clxn];Dd hxf“ h] h:tf a}7s / ;+o'Qm lj1lKt hf/L eP tL ;a}df sf]O/fnf o; cl3 g} gDa/ Psdf /flvg] ul/+b} cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . of] Ps k|sf/sf] pxf“sf] g]t[Tj g} xf] . @! ut] 6'“l8v]ndf kf6L{x¿n] zAb}af6 sf]O/fnfnfO{ sdf08/sf] ¿k lbg]5g\ . @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngdf :j= u0f]zdfg l;+x o:t} ;+o'Qm ¿ksf] hg;efaf6} ;a}sf] sdf08/ aGg' ePsf] lyof] . sf]O/fnf To;} sdf08/ aGg' ePsf] xf]Og . b]zdf a]nfa]nfdf b]lvPsf k|ltudgsf ;+s]tsf

lj?4 sf]O/fnf lgs} cl3b]lv a[xQ/ k|hftflGqs Pstfsf gfp“df ljleGg kf6L{x¿nfO{ emg\ s7f]/ ¿ksf] k|lta¢tf hfx]/ ug]{ l:yltsf k[i7e"lddf sf]O/fnfsf] e"ldsf lgs} dxTjsf] 5 .

clxn] hgcfGbf]ngdf plqPsf kf6L{x? ljleGg ljrf/wf/faf6 u|:t 5g\ . cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;8sdf ptfl/;s]kl5 Tof] g]t[TjljxLg /x\of] eg] ljjfb / ljrng klg cfpg ;Sg] cj:yfnfO{ clxn] ;a}n] zts{tfk"j{s x]l//x]sf] cj:yf 5 . ToxLsf/0f klg cfGbf]ng / To;sf sfo{qmdx¿ 3f]if0ff x'g' cl3 g]t[Tjsf] 6'+uf] nfUg'k5{ eGg] s'/f a'l¢hLjLx¿n] cf}+NofO/x]sf lyP . kf6L{ut ¿kdf jfdkGyLx¿sf] ;+:yf hlt w]/} 5g\ / Tof] ;+Vof h;/L a9\of] To;df ;hu / ;r]t / ;a}nfO{ Pstfa¢ t'Nofpg] / /lx/xg] sfo{df h'6g'ePsf] lyof] . c;f]h !* kl5 t sf]O/fnfsf] of] Pstf k|:tfjn] d"t{¿k g} kfof] . sf]O/fnfsf] Pstf / h'g;'s} k|ltudgtkm{sf sbd lj¿¢ Ps eP/ hfg' kg]{ k|:tfjnfO{ ;a}n] ljgf zt{ :jLsf/ u/] . pxf“sf] c8fg / Tof] sbd lj¿¢ b]zJofkL cfGbf]ng rnfpg] k|:tfjnfO{ kl5 ;a} kf6L{x¿n] cfkm\gf 5'§f5'§} cflwsfl/s lgsfoaf6 / ;+o'Qm a}7saf6 cg'df]bg g} u/fP . ;+;b\df /x]sf / ;+;b\ aflx/ /x]sf ;a} kf6L{ o;/L cfGbf]lnt eP/ kl;{ 6'“l8v]ndf of] Pstf hlxn] klg g]t[Tjs} ;jfn cxd\ /x]sf] kfOG5 . of] cfGbf]ng Pp6} dfq p2]Zo k|hftGqsf] /Iff ug'{ /x]sf] / k|hftGqsf nflu g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ hlt c¿nfO{ s;}n] e/ ub}{gg\ . To;sf/0f klg of] cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj sf+u|]; / o;sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] sf“wdf kg{ cfpg nfu]sf] a'lemG5 .

c;f]h !* kl5 b]zJofkL ¿kdf k|ltudgtkm{sf] o; sbd lj¿¢ hgtfnfO{ hufp“b} b]zJofkL cfGbf]ngsf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{df klg sf]O/fnf ;a}eGbf cl3 b]lvg' eof] . pQm zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 To;sf lj¿¢ pqg cfx\jfg ub}{ s]xL dlxgfsf] aLrdf sf]O/fnf nueu ;a} lhNnf, c~rn / If]qdf k'lu;Sg' ePsf] lyof] . To; qmddf pxf“n] of] cfGbf]ngnfO{ s'g} kf6L{ ljz]ifsf] g7fgL ;a} kf6L{ / ltgsf h'g;'s} txaf6 k|ltudgsf lj¿¢ nfUg k|]l/t ul//xg' eof] . of] qmddf dfcf]jfbL k|efljt If]qnfO{ klg pxf“n] 5f8\g' ePg . o'¢lj/fd gePsf] cj:yfdf g} pxf“n] tL If]qdf cfkm"nfO{ k'¥ofpg' ePsf] lyof] . of] aLrdf cGo kf6L{sf s'g} klg g]tfn] b]zJofkL ¿ksf] :yfgLo tx;Dd cfkm"nfO{ k'¥ofpg EofPsf lyPgg\ . sf]O/fnfsf] of] bf}8fxfn] cGo kf6L{sf :yfgLo txsf sfo{stf{x¿df ;d]t k|efj kf/]sf] a'lemG5 . lat]sf] xKtf dfq} sf]O/fnfsf] ;'b"/klZrdsf lhNnfx¿sf] e|d0f ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sf]O/fnfsf] of] ;lqmotfaf6 kl5Nnf lbg dfcf]jfbL klg k|efljt ePsf lyP .

dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nL ;+of]hs;lxt ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 /fhgLlts g]tfx¿nfO{ e]6\g] qmddf sf]O/fnf klxnf] JolQm x'g'ePsf] af6 klg of] s'/f k|i6 x'G5 . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ sf]O/fnfn] k6s k6s eGg] ug'{ePsf] 5 /fhf / pgsf] of] sbdaf/] d]/f] hlt c8fg klg glng] xf] ls eGg] 8/ nflu/x]5 . of] cfGbf]ng /fhfsf] sbd lj¿¢sf] xf] . To;df sf]O/fnfsf] o:tf] c8fgn] klg of] cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj pxf“af6 x'g'kg]{ dfu a9\g yfn]sf] xf] . ;a} kf6L{n] of] s'/fnfO{ x[bo+ud ul/;s]sf] a'lemG5 .

t/ sf]O/fnf cfkm\g} kf6L{leq eg] ;j{;Ddt x'g ;Sg'ePsf] 5}g . cfGbf]ngsf/L ;d"xdf g]kfnL sf+u|]; jfdkGyLx¿af6 3]l/g ;Sg] ePsf]n] Pdfn]–sf+u|];nfO{ cfGbf]ngsf kIfdf a9L hf]8 ug{ gx'g] eGg] bafa Tof] kf6L{leq}af6 kl//x]sf] a'lemG5 . w]/} 7fp“df o:tf cfGbf]ngx¿df sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x¿n] cGo bnx¿nfO{ wf]sf lbg] jf k5fl8 5f8\g] u/]sf]n] sltko sf+u|];Lx¿ cfGbf]ngk|lt ;+zlst klg 5g\ . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ cfkm}+n] Ps eP/ cfx\jfg u/]df cfGbf]ngsf] aLrdf csf]{ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] wf]sf lbPsf y'k|} pbfx/0f ;+;bLo k¢lt ;'¿ ePsf lat]sf !@ jif{df lgdf{0f e};s]sf 5g\ . Tof] dx+uL lj¿¢sf] xf];\ ls cGo s'g} cfGbf]ngsf] dWoefudf k'u]/ Pp6f sDo''lg:6 kf6L{n] csf]{ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{nfO{ wf]sf lbPsf tL pbfx/0fnfO{ b]vfp“b} sf+u|];Lx¿n] o:tf] z+sf JoQm ug'{ Tolt c:jfefljs klg xf]Og . t/ sf]O/fnf clxn] o:tf] cfu|x / z+sf ;'Gg] kIfdf x'g'x'Gg . pxf“ cGo kf6L{nfO{ t cfGbf]ngdf ;d]l6g k|]l/t ul//xg' ePsf] 5 eg] cfkm\g} kf6L{leq ltgnfO{ 5f8\g] kIfdf g/xg' ePsf] k|:6} 5 . pxf“ cfGbf]ngsf kIfdf ;a}nfO{ Psdt agfP/ ;d]6g] sfddf k|oTgzLn x'g'x'G5 . oxf“;Dd ls pxf“n] cfGbf]ngnfO{ s;n] s'g xb;Dd ;fy lbG5g\ ToxL cfwf/df d"Nof+sg ug]{ ;fj{hlgs 3f]if0ff klg ug'{ ePsf] 5 . !* c;f]hsf] sbdkl5 u'd]sf] hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] clwsf/ / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] dfGotfnfO{ k'g:yf{lkt u/fp“b} cu|udglt/ cl3 a9\g pxf“ h'g;'s} d"No r'sfpg klg tTk/ eP/ cl3 ;g'{ ePsf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ pxf“ clxn] sf+u|];eGbf cu|udg rfxg] u}/ sf+u|];L j[Qdf a9L nf]slk|o / cfsif{0fsf] s]Gb| aGg' ePsf] 5 . hgclwsf/ :yfkgf ug]{ tkm{ sf]O/fnfn] cl3 ;fg'{ ePsf s'g} klg sfo{qmd / k|:tfjnfO{ s'g} klg kf6L{n] lg;+sf]r / cfkm\g} kf6L{n] cl3 ;f/]sf sfo{qmdh:tf] u/L cfTd;ft ug{ yfn]sf sf/0f klg oxL xf] . sf]O/fnfn] JoQm u/]sf z+sf / k|:tfj u/]sf ;'emfjx¿ qmdzM k'li6 x'“b} hfg yfn]kl5 ;a} kf6L{ of] k6ssf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] sdf08/ pxf“nfO{ ;'Dkg tof/ ePsf x'g\ .

olQsf nflu <

xl/x/ lj/xL

s]xLnfO{ s]xL ;do cNdNofpg ;lsG5 t/ ;a}nfO{ ;w}el/ d"v{ agfpg ;lsb}g eGg] s'/f dfcf]jfbLx?n] klg a'em]h:tf] 5 . k|hftflGqs Joj:yfn] ;ft jif{ kf/ gub{} pgLx? To;nfO{ c;kmn / cdfGo 3f]lift u/L k|hftGqnfO{ lj:yflkt u/fpg lsg aGb's af]s]/ lgl:sPsf lyP, of] cem} :ki6 ePsf] 5}g, t/ cg]sf}+lt/ ef}tfl/P/ csNkgLo x08/ vfPkl5 pgLx? k'/fg} 7fp“df / ;a}n] 6]s]s} wtL{df pleg cfOk'u]sf 5g\ . o'4lj/fd, To;kl5sf pgLx?sf cleJolQm, jftf{ / jftf{df k|:t't …Ph]08fÚ olb klxn]h:tf] /fHonfO{ em'SofO ;}Go zlQm–;~ro ug]{ /0fgLlt dfq xf]Og eg] ef]ln dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf ljutsf lx+;f, xTof, ljWj+z / cft+ssf/L 36gfsf nflu /fi6« / hgtf;+u Ifdf dfUg] 5g\ . tL lqmofsnfkx?sf] :jo+ g} / :jljj]sn] cfnf]rgf / lgGbf ug]{5g\ . hglgjf{lrt k|hftflGqs ;/sf/l;t ePsf] jftf{ tf]8]/, l;+uf] d'n'sdfly ljZjf;3ft u/]/ tyf km]l/ ljWj+z dRofO yk xhf/f}+ lgbf]{if dflg;sf] xTof u/]/ cflv/ pgLx?n] s] kfP < ;xdltsf] vf]hL x'“bfx'“b} pgLx? jftf{ e+u u/]/ lx+;fdf plqPkl5 ;+s6sfn nfu" eof], ;+ljwfgnfO{ ckf+u agfOof], ;}Go kl/rfng eof] / lgwf{l/t ;dodf r'gfj x'g g;sL hgtfsf] clwsf/ b/af/df lelqof] . o;af6 pgLx?nfO{ s] nfe t < s]xL g s]xL j? 7"nf] d"No r'sfP/ xfl;n u/]sf] ef}lts ;fwg;|f]t klg w]/} :jfxf eof] eg] klxn] st} st} ;fdflhs ;'wf/sf sfd u/]/ cfh{g u/]sf] ;Lldt ;xfg'e"lt klg n'Kt eof] . cfkm" klxn] eGbf sdhf]/ ePsf] cg'e"lt pgLx? :jo+nfO{ klg ePsf] :ki6 5 . cfkm\gf] zlQm / ;Defjgf al9/x]sf] dx;'; ePsf] eP pgLx?n] o:tf] …Ph]08fÚ cjZo Nofpg] lyPgg\, h:tf] ls clxn] k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx? clxn] Tof] 7fp“df klg cl8g ;s]gg\, h'g ljGb'df b]pjf–;/sf/sf] ;dodf plePsf lyP . jftf{df pgLx?n] /fv]sf df+ux?dWo] Pp6f klg o:tf] 5}g, hf] k|hftflGqs dfGotfsf] k|lts"n xf];\ . To;dWo] s'g} s'/f cJofjxfl/s, c;fdlos jf cgfjZos x'g ;S5, t/ ck|hftflGqs rflx+ 5}g . k|hftGq / zflGtk"0f{ k|lqmofsf] ljsNk 5}g eGg] askq xf] of] . dfcf]jfbLsf] ;f]rdf o:tf] kl/jt{g cfpg' c:jfefljs 5}g . s'g} ;kgf b]Vg] / ;kgfnfO{ g} oyfy{ 7fGg] g]tfx? x/]s b]zdf x'G5g\ . g]kfndf o:tf g]tfx?sf] slxNo} cefj /x]g . clxn]sf Pdfn]sf k|d'v g]tfx? klg s'g} a]nf cfkm"n] lbp“;} b]v]sf ;kgfnfO{ g} ;To 7fgL v's'/L af]s]/ …ju{ ;kmfof’ ug{ cl3 ;/]sf lyP . t/ rf8} g} pgLx?sf] ;kgf e+u eof] . ca pgLx? cfkm\gf tL lqmofsnfksf] :d/0f / pRrf/0f klg ug{ rfxb}gg\ . lx+;faf6} zlQm / ;Qf k|fKt x'G5 eGg] ljZjf; lnP/ /fhgLltdf k|j]z u/]sf df=n]= jf Pdfn]sf g]tfx? cfh /fi6« / ;dfhsf] cfd"n kl/jt{g Pj+ zlQm / ;Qfk|flKt zflGtk"0f{ dfWodaf6} ;Dej 5 eGg] dfGotfsf] k|jQmf ag]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx? klg ca cfkm"x? æw/ftnLo oyfy{ÆnfO{ cfTd;ft ug{ tof/ ePsf] ljZjf; lbnfO/x]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf jftf{sf/x?n] af]n]sf / k|:t't u/]sf s'/fx?df ljZjf; ug]{ xf] eg] cGo sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ / dfcf]jfbLsf nIo, gLlt / sfo{qmddf vf; leGgtf /xg] 5}g . sDo'lg:6 gfdwf/L kf6L{x? hgtfn] cfkm"nfO{ …sDo'lg:6Ú g7fgLlbpg\ eGg] rfxG5g\ . b]zsf ;a}eGbf 7"nf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf g]tfn] cfkm\gf

kf6L{sf k5fl8 …sDo'lg:6Ú eGg] zAb, xl;of“ xyf}8f c+lst em08f Pp6f …6]«8dfs{Ú dfq xf] / cfjZos k/]df o;nfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsG5 eGb} cfkm\gf] kf6L{ …sDo'lg:6Ú x}g ;dfhjfbL k|hftflGqs dfGotfk|lt k|ltj4 bn xf] eGg] u/]sf] ;a}nfO{ yfx} 5 . PsbnLo clwgfosjfbsf] uGw cfpg] dfS;{jfb, n]lggjfb / dfcf]T;]t'ª ljrf/wf/fnfO{ cfbz{ / dfu{bz{s dfGg] bnx? g} clxn] ;a}eGbf a9L æax'bnLo k|lt:kwf{Æ k|zl:t ufO/x]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx? klg ca oxL k+l           Qmdf pleg cfOk'u]sf 5g\ . Ph]08fdf …hgjfbÚ, …u0ftGqÚh:tf zAbsf] pNn]v;d]t 5}g . em'lSsP/ klg oL zAb gk?g\ eg]/ pgLx?n] j8f] ;hutf;fy of] k|:tfj tof/ kf/]sf] :ki6 5 . Tolt dfq x}g cl:t;Dd @)$^ ;fnsf] pknlAw / @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] 6fpsf]df a~r/f] k|xf/ ul/PcfPsf dfcf]jfbLn] ca æ@)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgn] k|Tofe"t u/]sf k|hftflGqs clwsf/x? s6f}tL gx'g] u/LÆ dfq gof“ ljwfg / ;/sf/ agfpg' kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . pgLx?n] o; ;+ljwfgsf sltko ljz]iftfsf] ls6fgL;d]t u/]sf 5g\ . ;+ljwfg eg]sf] ;+zf]wg ug}{ gx'g] j]b jf jfOjn xf]Og . ;+ljwfg Pp6f dfWod / dfu{ xf], h;nfO{ hgtf / /fi6«sf] lxt cg'?k ;+zf]wg jf kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsG5 . !@ jif{sf] cEof;sf cfnf]sdf o; ;+ljwfgsf sltko q'l6 / sdhf]/L 5n{+u ePsf 5g\ . oxL ;+ljwfgsf lgdf{tfx? klg ;d;fdlos kl/k|]Iodf of] ckof{Kt ePsf] lgisif{df k'u]sf 5g\ . ;+;bLo cEof; ul//x]sf g]kfnL sf+u|];, Pdfn], /fk|kf, ;b\efjgfh:tf bnx? k|ltlglw;ef lj3l6t x'g' cl3 g} k|ltlglw;efsf] oxL clwj]zgaf6 ;+ljwfgdf cu|ufdL ;'wf/ ug]{ ;xdltdf k'lu;s]sf lyP . g]=sf=n] o;sf nflu cfkm\g} ;/sf/nfO{ k|r08 bafa lbPsf] lyof] . k|ltlglw;ef To;/L x7ft lj36g ug'{sf] k5fl8 Tof] ;Defljt ;'wf/nfO{ kG5fpg] lgot klg lyof] eGg] cfz+sfsf] cGTo eO;s]sf] 5}g . k|ltlglw;efsf] c;fdlos lj36g / To;kl5sf cgk]lIft 36gfqmdn] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& oyfl:yltdf /xg g;Sg] :ki6 ul/;s]sf] 5 . To;}n] hgtfsf] ;Dk|e'tfsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f, k|hftflGqs d"No dfGotfsf] k|j4{g Pj+ cf]em]ndf k/]sf ;d:ofx?sf] lg?k0fsf nflu Jofks ;Dj}wflgs ;'wf/ jf gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] s'/fdf /fli6«o ;xdlt sfod x'g' ckl/xfo{ x'g uPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLx? h+und} al;/x] klg d'n's k|ltudglt/ hfg ;Qm}g .

dfcf]jfbLx?sf] clxn]sf] gLlt jf k|:tfjdf clwgfosjfbL / cltjfbL lrGtgsf] kl/Tofu / k|hftflGqs dfu{sf] cjnDag ug]{ dfgl;stfsf] k|ltlaDa kfOG5 . k|hftGqsf hlt;'s} sdhf]/L / v/fjL eP tfklg clxn];Dd cl:tTjdf cfPsf s'g} klg k4ltdf o;sf eGbf ljs[lt / ljkmntf b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . k|hftGqsf] Pp6f ljz]iftf s] klg xf] eg] o;df cfkm\gf sdhf]/L x6fpg] Ifdtf / uNtL ;Rrfpg] tTk/tf klg x'G5 . To;}n] x/]s Joj:yfsf kIfw/x? cGttM k|hftflGqs k4lt g} c+lusf/ ug]{ lg0f{odf k'Ug] u/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx? cfPsf] of] kl/jt{g klg w]/} xb;Dd :jfefljs 5 . hgjfbsf] dL7f] ;kgf b]vfP/ w]/} ;do cNdNofpg g;lsg] tYosf] k/f]If :jLs[lt klg x'g ;S5 of] . t/ pgLx?sf df“u, k|:tfj jf Ph]08f k9\g] ;'Gg] pgLx?s} n8fs' sfo{stf{ jf cfd gful/sx?sf] dgdf of] k|Zg cjZo p7\g ;S5– olQsf] nflu Toqf] alnbfg <

dfcf]jfbLnfO{ /fhfn] ge]6\g]

sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL o'¢lj/fd ePsf] tLg dlxgf / cfrf/;+lxtf hf/L ePsf] 8]9 dlxgfkl5 yflnPsf] klxnf] r/0fsf] jftf{df dfcf]jfbL kIfn] k|:t't u/]sf] cjwf/0ff / Ph]08fsf ;DaGwdf ;QkIfn] k|ltlqmof lbg g;ls/x]sf] cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿n] >L % sf] bz{ge]6sf] OR5f k|s6 u/] klg b/af/n] pgLx¿;“u e]63f6 ug{ cK7]/f] dx;'; ul//x]sf] 5 .

jftf{sf/x¿n] /fhf;dIf dfcf]jfbLsf wf/0ff :ki6 /fVg g;s]sf] xf] ls eGg] cfz+sf k|s6 ub}{ dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿ /fhf;+u k|ToIf s'/fsfgLsf] k|of;df h'6]sf 5g\ . t/ b/af/n] dfcf]jfbL;+u ;Lw} / k|ToIf s'/fsfgLsf] k|:tfjnfO{ 6fb}{ cfPsf] 5 .

d'n'sdf ;ft jif{b]lv rNb} e8\lsPsf] lx+;f–k|ltlx+;fsf] >[+vnfnfO{ cGTo ub}{ lbuf] zflGt :yflkt ug{ tTk/ eP/ dfcf]jfbL cfPsf x'g\ eg] pgLx¿;+u /fhfn] e]6]/ /fhgLlts ;dfwfgsf nflu ;xh jftfj/0f agfpg lxrlsrfj6 /fVg'kg]{ sf/0f b]lv+b}g .

t/ kmf}hbf/L d'2f nflu/x]sf cleo'Qm dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿;+u /fhfn] e]6\bf >L % sf] ul/df dfly g} k|Zg p7\g ;Sg] ;+efjgf b/af/n] cf}+NofPsf] 5 . cd]l/sL /fhb"tn] ;d]t e]6\g c:jLsf/ u/]sf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿nfO{ /fhfn] ;Lw}+ e]6\g' cufl8 lxhf] pgLx¿dfly nfu]sf] cf/f]kaf6 pgLx¿nfO{ ;kmfO{ lbg' kg]{ / To;sf nflu jftf{ ;kmn x'g] Uof/]G6L ePdfq kmf}hbf/L cleof]uaf6 d'lQm lbg] ;f]r b/af/sf] /x]sf] atfOG5 .

/fhf;+u k|ToIf s'/fsfgL u/]/ cfkm\gf Ph]08fx¿df 7f]; k|ltlqmof vf]lh/x]sf] dfcf]jfbL kIF ;QfkIfsf] of] Jojxf/af6 ;z+lst ePsf] 5 .

tTsfnLg /fhgLlts ;dfwfg;lxt cfly{s–;fdflhs ;'wf/sf sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs u/]/ jftf{df cfPsf] dfcf]jfbL kIf clxn] jftf{sf] k|lqmofnfO{ l56f] cufl8 a9fpg xtfl/Psf] 5 .

ljZj;gLo jftfj/0f aGg g;s]sf] 7fg]/ dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿ qmdzM ;fj{hlgs x'g] of]hgf klg clxn]nfO{ ylGsPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] lhNnf–lhNnfdf v'nf ePsf :yfgLo g]tfx¿nfO{ klg ;hu / zts{ a:g lgb]{zg dfq lbPsf] 5}g . lhNnfsf /fhgLlts ;lrjx¿sf] tx;Ddsf nflu gof“ lgb]{zg k7fp“b} h]7sf] klxnf] ;ftf;Dddf o'¢lj/fd e+u x'g ;Sg] vt/f /x]sf]n] o'¢–df]rf{sf] Joj:yfkg oyfjt /fVg / ;+u7gsf lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ ;'rf? /fVg eg]sf] s'/f ljZj:t ;"qn] yfxf lbPsf] 5 .

dsjfgk'/sf] xTofsf08kl5 v'nf ePsf / xfn} l/xf ePsf] sltko lhDd]jf/ sfo{stf{ klg e"ldut x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . tyflk dfcf]jfbL ;"q eGb5 zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLlts k|ltaGwsf nflu dfcf]jfbL kIF OdfGbf/ eP/ g} cfPsf] / pbf/ k|hftflGqs cjwf/0ffdf cfwfl/t tTsfnLg ;'wf/sf sfo{qmd / gLltx¿ hgtf;dIf ;fj{hlgs k|lta¢tfsf¿kdf k|:t't ul/Psf]n] jftf{nfO{ sfo{gLltsf ¿kdf dfq pkof]u ul/Psf] xf]Og .

dfcf]jfbLn] cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj ug]{ cj;/ / gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg clxn]sf] ;xdltsf] d'Vo /fhgLlts cfwf/ -a6dnfOg_ tf]s]sf] 5 / To;df /fhgLlts bnx¿ / b/af/sf] ;xdlt vf]lhPsf] 5, dfcf]jfbL ;"qsf cg';f/ jt{dfg cj:yfnfO{ lqkIfLo zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] ljlzi6 cj:yf dfGb} ;+ljwfg z"Gotfsf] ¿kdf lng'kg]{ s'/fdf dfcf]jfbLsf] s7f]/ c8fg /xg]5 . To;}n] @)$& sf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ Ao'“emfpg] jf k'gM lqmofzLn kfg]{ …v]nÚ k|lt dfcf]jfbLsf] ;dy{g / ;xof]u x'g] 5}g . oxL dfGotfcg';f/ dfcf]jfbLn] bz jfdsf] a}7sdf @)$& sf] ;+ljwfg k'g:yf{lkt u/fpg] nIosf] nflu x'g] cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] k|lta¢tf hgfpg' kg]{ ePsf]n] g} ;xeflutf ghgfPsf] x'g ;S5 .

/fhf;+u k|ToIf /fhgLlts ;+jfb klg gx'g], ;+;bLo bnx¿ / b/af/sf aLrdf @)$& sf] ;+ljwfg lqmofzLn kfg]{ ;xdlt eP ;Qf ;fem]bf/L eO{ k'/fgf] ;Qf ;'b[9 klg x'g] b'a} cj:yfnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] cToGt …k|lts"nÚ klg 7fGg ;S5 . v'Nnf ¿kdf /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] lj/f]wdf klg hfg g;Sg] leqleq :yflkt bnx¿ c;fGble{s rfxgf klg x'“b} hfpg\ eGg] rfxgf dfcf]jfbLn] /fv]sf] 5 . To;}n] dfcf]jfbLn] k'gM jftf{ 5f8\g] lgx'“sf ¿kdf /fhfsf] Aoaxf/nfO{ / jt{dfg ;Qf kl/jt{g e} bnx¿sf] ;xdltdf aGg] ;j{bnLo ;/sf/n] cufl8 a9fpg] /fhgLlts sbdnfO{ pNn]v ug{ ;Sg] ;+efjgf cf}+Nofpg yflnPsf] 5 .

/fhf;+u e]6]/ cfkm" cg's"n /fhgLlts lgsf;sf] 9f]sf vf]Ng ;lsG5 eGg] dfcf]jfbLsf] cfzfnfO{ b/af/n] k"/f ug{ g;Sg] xf]Og . ljutdf klg /fhgLlts ljb|f]xLx¿nfO{ uf]Ko ¿kdf /fhfn] e]6]/ ;+jfb ug]{ u/]sf sof}+ pbfx/0fx¿ 5g=\ . t/ clxn] jftf{ 6f]nL agfO{ cf}krfl/s ¿kdf g} ;/sf/sf] kIfaf6 jftf{ k|f/De;d]t e};s]sf] cj:yfdf jftf{s} 6]a'naf6 ;xdlt vf]Hg kg]{ x'G5 . b/af/n] aLr}df x:tIf]k u/L ;Lw}+ s'/fsfgL ug'{ :jfefljs klg dflg+b}g t/ cfkm\gf cleJolQmx¿af6 /fhfnfO{ e]6\g] OR5f k|s6 ul//x]sf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿sf] cfsf+IffnfO{ b/af/n] k"/f gubf{ ef]ln jftf{ ef“l8Psf] ckhz b/af/dfly klg nfUg ;S5 . To;}n] cfk;df ljZjf;sf] 8f]/L tf]l8P/ dfcf]jfbL kIF k'gM h+un kms{g afWo gxf];\ eGg]tkm{ olta]nf b/af/n] uDeL/ eP/ ;f]Rg' cfjZos b]lvG5 . æk'/fgf] ;Qfsf] k|ltlglwÆ n¶L g} eP klg p;+u s'/f ug{ tof/ /x]sf] s'/f dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf g]tf 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{n] k6s–k6s eGb} cfPsf] ePkl5 kl5Nnf] ;dodf /fhfsxf“ cfkm\gf] s'/f :ki6 /fVg g;s]sf] xf] ls eGb} /fhfnfO{ e]6\g] OR5f ;fj{hlgs ug'{ cfkm}+df lj/f]wfefifk"0f{ /x]sf] ;'/Iff ;|f]tn] cf}+NofPsf] 5  . ;f] ;"q eG5 æst} of] jftf{ 5f8\g] lgx'“sf] k"jf{wf/ t xf]Og <Æ

Pdfn]–dfcf]jfbL M km/s s] 5 <

sf7df8f}+ . d'n'sdf ljBdfg /fhgLlts cl:y/tfnfO{ lgsf; lbg] bfjL ub}{ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;/sf/;“usf] jftf{sf qmddf nf]slk|o k|:tfj cufl8 ;f/]kl5 csf]{ 7"nf] jfdkGyL bn g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -Pdfn]_ n] klg cfkm\gf cfsif{s k|:tfjx? ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 .

;ft jif{cl3 lx+;fTds /fhgLlt …hgo'4Ú ;'? u/]sf] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ut jif{ b]pjf ;/sf/sf] kfnfdf ePsf] jftf{df k|:t't u/]sf] eGbf Jofks ;+zf]wg u/L uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;ef d'Vo Ph]08f agfp“b} rf}aL; ;"qLo /fhgLlts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs ;'wf/sf k|:tfjx? k]z u/]sf] 5 eg] g]skf Pdfn]n] ;+ej eP;Dd ;xdltsf] ;femf sfo{qmd agfpg k|ToTg ul/g] eGb} ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgdfkm{t\ pknlAw xfl;n ul/g] cfsif{s k|:tfjx? cufl8 NofPsf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbL / Pdfn]n] cl3 ;f/]sf k|:tfjx?df ;+ljwfg;ef / ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] /fhgLlts d'2fdf ljdlt /x] klg Pdfn]sf #% ;"qLo k|:tfjx? clwsf+z dfcf]jfbL k|:tfjx?;“u ldNbfh'Nbf 5g\ .

…cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;åf/f ljBdfg åGåsf] l:ylt cGTo ug]{ / b]zdf :yfoL zflGt :yfkgf ug]{Ú dfcf]jfbL k|:tfjdf pNn]v 5 eg] Pdfn]sf] k|:tfjdf …d'n'sdf l;h{gf ePsf] xTof, lx+;f / c/fhstfsf] >[+vnfnfO{ ;dfKt ug]{, To;sf nflu ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf] o'4lj/fdnfO{ ;fy{stf k|bfg ub}{ zflGtjftf{nfO{ b]z / hgtfsf] lxtdf ;kmn / kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg] s'/f ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

zflGt ;'/Iff, k|hftGqsf] /Iff, @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt clwsf/sf] /Iff, k|hftGqsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f ;a} hghfltsf efiff wd{ / ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f ;Da{wg, ljsf; lgdf{0f, lzIffdf j}1flgsLs/0f, ;j} hfthflt dlxnf tyf ljkGgnfO{ ;dfg cj;/sf] Joj:yf, hfthfltk|ltsf] 5'jf5"t / e]befjsf] cGToh:tf ;jfnx?df klg b'O{ bnsf] Ps} lsl;dsf] wf/0ff /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

To;}u/L, l5d]sL d'n's ef/t;“usf] ;lGw ;Demf}tfsf] ;jfndf klg b'j} bnn] sl/a Ps} lsl;dsf] k|:tfj ;fj{hlgs u/]sf 5g\ . …;g\ !(%) sf] g]kfn ef/t ;lGw nufot ;a} c;dfg ;lGwx? vf/]h u/L ;a};“u k~rzLn tyf c;+nUgtfsf] cfwf/df d}qL ;DaGw sfod ug]{ :jtGq ljb]z gLlt cg'z/0f ul/g'kb{5 .Ú dfcf]jfbL k|:tfjdf pNn]v 5 eg] Pdfn]sf] k|:tfjdf ef/t;“u ul/Psf] ;g\ !(%) sf] ;lGwnufot ;a} c;dfg ;lGw ;+emf}tfx?sf] k'g/fjnf]sg ;+zf]wg jf vf/]hL u/L ;dfgtf / kf/:kl/s lxtsf] cfwf/df ;lGw ;+emf}tf ul/g] hgfOPsf] 5 .

o;}u/L s[lif, /f]huf/L, :jf:Yo, e|i6frf/, k|zf;g pBf]u Joj;fo, Gofok|0ffnL hgtfdf cGtlg{xLt ;fj{ef}d;Qf h:tf ljifodf klg b'j} kf6L{sf] Ps} dt /x]sf] kfOG5 .

dfcf]jfbLn] gof“ ;+ljwfgdfkm{t oL ofjt s'/fx? aflx/ Nofpg] ePkl5 Pdfn]n] klg jt{dfg k|hftflGqs k|0ffnLåf/f g} hgtfsf nflu nf]slk|o sfo{qmdx? ;Dkfbg ug{ ;lsg] cjwf/0ff cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLx?n] lzIff k|0ffnLdf sk'/L s sf] ;§f sDo'lg:6 s h:tf zAbx? k|of]u ul//x]s} a]nf Pdfn]n] /fi6« / b]zelQmsf] efjgfnfO{ ;d]6\g] /fli6«o ufgfsf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ pNn]v u/]sf] 5 t/, hgtfdf cGtlg{xLt ;fj{ef}d;Qf / /fhsLo ;QfnfO{ ;':ki6 k|efjsf/L tyf ;'b[9  t'Nofpg' kg]{ / cfjZostf cg';f/ /fli6«o dxTjsf ljifodf hgdt ;+u|x ug{ ;lsg] klg cf}NofPsf] 5 . To:t} dfcf]jfbLn] gof“ ;+ljwfgaf6 NofOg] eg]sf] e"ld;'wf/ sfo{qmddf Pdfn]n] ;a} k|sf/sf ;fdGtL zf]if0f pGd"ng ul/g] pNn]v ub}{ qmflGtsf/L e"ld;'wf/sf] sfo{qmd nfu" u/L e"ldxLg, sd}of / ;'s'Daf;Lx?nfO{ hUuf pknAw u/fOg] / s[lif If]qsf] ljsf;nfO{ pRrtd\ k|fyldstf lb“b} cNksfnLg, dWosfnLg / bL3{sfnLg ljsf;sf] sfo{qmd cjnDag ul/g] hgfPsf] 5 . ptf Pdfn]n] xfnsf] Joj:yfnfO{ dfg]/ ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug]{ k|:tfj /fv] klg dfcf]jfbLn] eg] To;nfO{ k"0f{tof d[t cj:yfsf] ;+1f lbPsf] 5 . …b]zdf ljBdfg ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf] lglDt gof“ cu|ufdL /fHok|0ffnL / To;nfO{ kl/eflift ug]{ gof“ ;+ljwfg clgjfo{ ePsf] / xfn b]zdf @)$^ / @)$& sf] hgcfGbf]ngkZrft\ lgld{t @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg j:t'tM d[t cj:yfdf k'lu;s]sf] / b]z ;+ljwfgxLgtfsf] l:yltdf ePsf]n] of] w/ftnLo oyfy{nfO{ :jLsfb}{ gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] ljlw / gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] Go'gtd\ cGt/j:t' g} jftf{sf] d'Vo Ph]08f x'g'kb{5 egL dfcf]jfbLn] cufl8 ;f/]sf] /fhgLlts d'2fdf eg] g]skf Pdfn] k"0f{tM c;xdt b]lvPsf] 5 . t/ dfcf]jfbLn] gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] k|f?ksf ?kdf cufl8 ;f/]sf cjwf/0ffx? / Pdfn]n] ;+zf]wg k|:tfjdf cf}+NofPsf ;'wf/sf k|:tfjx?df vf; km/s b]lvb}g . dfcf]jfbL kIfn] klg ax'bnLo k|lt:kwf{, cfjlws lgjf{rg, ljlwsf] zf;g, jfs tyf k|]; :jtGqtfk|lt k|ltj4tf /xg] pNn]v ub}{ /fhsLo ;Qf / ;fj{ef}d;QfaLrsf] lj/f]wfiffsf] cGTo vf]h]sf] 5 eg] Pdfn]n] klg jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] ckl/jt{gLo cfwf/x?nfO{ hgdt ;+u|xsf] dfWodaf6 kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsg] k|:tfj u/]sf] 5 . o;/L b'O{ zlQmzfnL jfd kf6L{x? nf]slk|o k|hftGqsf gf/fx? af]s]/ …hzÚ n'6\g] cleofg cGt/ut k|lt:kwf{df h'6]sf b]lvG5g\ .

a]/f]huf/dfly nf7L k|xf/

sf7df8f}+ . j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu >L % sf] ;/sf/ tyf blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] sf]l/og ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]u ;+3aLr Ps ;+emf}tf eO{ rf/ xhf/ kf“r ;o g]kfnL sfdbf/x¿nfO{ sfdsf nflu sf]l/of k7fpg] elgPsf]df >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] >d tyf oftfoft dGqfno, >d tyf /f]huf/ k|a4{g ljefu, d]gkfj/ sDkgL / bnfnx¿sf] rsf]{ zf]if0fsf sf/0f g]kfn clw/fHoel/sf aL;f}+ xhf/ o'jfo'jtLx? ljrNnLdf kg]{ ePsf 5g\ . sfdbf/x¿sf] 5gf}6 k|lqmof kIfkftk"0f{ / clgoldttfsf sf/0f sf]l/of hfg] ;kgfsf ;fy j}zfv !* ut] sf7df8f}+ cfOk'u]sf s}of}+ JolQmx¿ k|x/Lsf] nf7Lrfh{af6 uDeL/ 3fOt] x'g k'u]sf lyP .

sf]l/of;+u ;Demf}tf u/L sfdbf/ k7fpg] cg'dlt kfPkl5 >d dGqfnon] Jofks clgoldttfsf ;fy sfdbf/ k7fpgsf nflu d]gkfj/ sDkgL 5gf}6 ug]{ egL df]6f] /sdsf] v]ndfkm{t\ d'g8«K; cf]e/l;h sDkgLnufot c¿ s]xL sDkgL 5gf}6 u/]sf] lyof] . k|fKt rf/ xhf/ kf“r ;o sfdbf/ b/aGbLdWo] sl/a @ xhf/ b/aGbL d'g8«K; sDkgLsf] /  af“sL b/aGbL klg 5gf}6 ePsf cGo sDkgLdfkm{t\ elgPtf klg d'g 8«K; sDkgL glhssf sDkgLx¿nfO{ efua08f nufOPsf] 5 . o;}cg'¿k d'g8«K; cf]e/l;hn] a}zfv !& ut] sflGtk'/ b}lgsdf sf]l/ofdf cf}Bf]lus k|lzIffyL{ sfdbf/x¿sf] 5gf}6sf] nflu ;'j0f{ cj;/ eGg] ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L j}zfv !* ut]b]lv ;f]em} cGt{jftf{ elgPsfn] xhf/f}+ o'jfo'jtLx¿ sf7df8f}+df hDdf ePsf 5g\ . d'g8«K;n] k|sfzg u/]sf] lj1fkgcg';f/ cf}Bf}lus k|lzIf0fdf efu lngsf] nflu k'¿if rf}w ;o / dlxnf b'O{ ;onfO{ k|f/lDes 5gf}6 u/L sf]l/of k7fpg] / To;dWo]df sDKo'6/af6 efUof]bo 5gf}6 eO{ ;ft ;o k'¿if / Ps ;o dlxnfn] ;f]em} sf]l/of uO{ cf}Bf]lus k|lzIffyL{ sfdbf/ eO{ sfd ug{ kfpg]5g\ . o;sf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf x/]s JolQmx¿n] d'g8«K; cf]e/l;hsf] nflu Ps nfv *) xhf/ a'emfpg] elgP tfklg sfdbf/ 5gf}6 ug]{ egL vl6Psf bnfnx¿n] k|To]s sfdbf/;+u kf“r nfv;Dd lng] u/]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . j}b]lzs /f]huf/ sfdbf/ Ph]G6 ;+3 g]kfnn] hgfPcg';f/ nueu tL; xhf/ g]kfnL ¿k}of“ ;]jfz'Ns kof{Kt x'g]df ;/sf/af6 5gf}6 d'g8«K; cf]e/l;hn] :jo+n] v'n]cfd Ps nfv *) xhf/ ¿k}of“ lnO/x]sf] 5 .

k|fKt hfgsf/Lcg';f/ d'g8«K; cf]e/l;hsf tf/f e§/fO{n] rnfvL u/L sfdbf/x¿af6 hDdf ug'{kg]{ /sd klg Uofn]S;L cf]e/l;hsf gfddf /sd hDdf ug{ nufO/x]sf 5g\ eg] k};f a'emfO{ ;s]kl5 pgLx¿dWo] s]xLnfO{ /l;b pknAw ul/Psf] t/ kl5 ToxL /l;b klg lbOPsf] 5}g . bnfnx¿n] p7fPsf] /sdsf] t n]vfhf]vf g} 5}g . o;/L Pshgf JolQmaf6 Go"gtd tLg nfv %) xhf/ ln+bf klg rf/ xhf/ kf“r ;o sfdbf/af6 p7\g] sl/a kGw| s/f]8 krxQ/ nfv ¿k}of“dWo] jt{dfg ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqLsf cfkmGt / >d ;lrjsf] efudf 7"nf] lx:;fsf] ¿k}of“ k/]sf] atfOG5 eg] af“sL /sd dGqfnosf cGo sd{rf/L tyf >d ljefunufot cf]e/l;h tyf bnfnx¿sf] aLrdf af“8kmf“8 ul/g] to ePsf] 5 . o; ;DaGwdf >L % sf] ;/sf/ tyf >d ljefu Psbd df}g eP/ a;]sf 5g\ . o;cl3 j}b]lzs /f]huf/ sfdbf/ Ph]G6 ;+3 g]kfnn] k|wfgdGqL;dIf sf]l/of etL{sf gfddf 7uL aGb ug{ sfdbf/ 5gf}6 ;ldlt u7g ul/of];\ egL Ps 1fkgkq a'emfO{ >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf] lyof] .

Pp6f ;fdfGo g]kfnL o'jf–o'jtLx¿n] sl/a % nfv ¿k}of“ a'emfP/ eP klg s]xL sdfOPnf egL dL7f] ;kgf af]sL cGt/jftf{ lbg nfnflot xhf/f}+ o'jf–o'jtLx¿aLr k|x/Ln] nf7Lrfh{ u/]kl5 d'g8«K; cf]e/l;hsf sd{rf/Lx¿ z'qmaf/sf] sflGtk'/ x]g'{ egL cGt/jftf{ :yn cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb| go“f afg]Zj/af6 efu]sf lyP eg] ;Dd]ng s]Gb| aflx/ æj}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] x}/fgL–3/ kf]nL v/fgLÆ æ>d dGqL / bnfnL sf]l/of etL{ hfpÆ cflb gf/f nufOPsf] lyof] eg] s]Gb|sf] klZrd 9f]sf / To; lbzfsf kvf{ndf To:t} gf/fx¿ n]lvPsf sfuhx¿ 5l/Psf lyP . k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ ;f]em} cGt/jftf{df ;xefuL x'g @) b]lv $) jif{ pd]/, sDtLdf gf} sIff kf;h:tf ;/n cfZjf;gx¿ lsl6Psf lyP eg] cfj]bg ug{ ;fdFGo JolQmut ljj/0f, kf;kf]6{ tyf gful/stf / ;f] sf] kmf]6f]skLx¿ eP kof{Kt x'g] lyof] . dfl;s ## xhf/ ¿k}of“ cfDbfgL x'g] elgPsf] ;f] sfdbf/x¿n] klxnf] dlxgfsf] tnasf] @% k|ltztdfq ;]jf z'Ns nfUg] elgPsf] 5 . o;/L x/]s b[li6sf]0faf6 x]bf{ klg clxn]sf] sf]l/ofdf sfdbf/sf] cj;/ Aofks clgoldttfsf ;fy eO/x]sf] 5 . / o;af6 ljb]z uO{ k};f sdfp“nf egL d'g8«K;sf] kl5 nfUg] o'jf–o'jtLx¿sf] jNnf] 3f6 g kNnf]lt/ x'g] ;Defjgf 5 .

cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb| aflx/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf gfddf Ps lsl;dsf] c:tJo:t lyof] eg] ;Dd]ng s]Gb|leq g]kfn 6«]8 o'lgog sf+u|]; / g]kfn 6]«8 o'lgog dxf;+3sf] ;+o'Qm !!$ cf}+ d] lbj; x'“b} lyof] . ;df/f]xnfO{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf tyf g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] ;Daf]wg ub}{ x'g'x'GYof] . ;Daf]wgsf] qmddf pxf“x¿n] dhb'/x¿sf] xs lxtsf af/]df efif0f ub}{ x'g'x'GYof] eg] To;sf] aflx/ xhf/f}+ o'jf–o'jtLx¿ k'ln;sf] nf7Lrfh{af6 efufefu ul//x]sf lyP .

Gofo k|zf;gdf 3"; / e|i6frf/

s[i0f e08f/L

cGofodf kbf{ Gofo lbnfpgsf nflu u'xfl/g] clGtd lgsfo Gofofno xf] . ToxL Gofofnosf] 9f]sfd} cGofoLsf] k};f / kx'rsf] rnv]n b]lvof] eg] Gofo dfUg sxf“ hfg] < Gofofnosf pRr clwsf/Lx?af6 gful/sx?n] pQ/sf] ck]If u/]sf] cg'Ql/t k|Zg xf] of] † k|ToIf dx;'; x'g] t/ b]Vg ;dfTg g;lsg] æcd"t{Æ e|i6frf/sf] cv8f Gofofno x'g] u/]sf] s'/f j]nf j]nfdf Gofod"lt{x?af6} jflx/ cfPsf 5g\ t/ ;'wf/sf 7f]; kxn ePsf] kfOb}g .

Gofosf] ck]Iff ul/Psf] Gofofnoaf6 pN6} cGofo ePsf 36gfx? ;fj{hlgs ePsf dfq 5}gg\ . cGofo vKg g;sL ?g], s/fpg], lrRofpg] kfun aGg] dfq x}g cbfntd} cfTdbfx ug]{ k|of; ul/Psf 36gfx? 5\of;5\of:tL 5g\ . t/ ;'wf/sf nflu kxn ug]{ kIfnfO{ o;n] 5f]Psf] 5}g .

;jf]{Rr cbfntsf tTsfnLg GofofwLz /fh]Gb|/fh gfVjf lrgLsf] rf:gLdf h]/L em} ær'n'DdÆ ePsf] 36gf xf];\ of nlntk'/sf tTsfnLg lhNnf GofofwLz uf]kfn u'/f“ufO{af6 Hofg d'2fdf 3";sf] df]ndf]nfO{ gldn]sf] s'/f xf];\ . kbds'df/L yldgLn] ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 Gofo kfpg g;sL cbfntdf g} cfTdbfx ug]{ k|oTg u/]sf] 36gf xf];\ jf gfd / 7]ufgf km/s kf/L Pp6} JolQm / 36gfsf ;DaGwdf jblgotk"j{s ;[hgf ul/Psf d'2f / To;sf] Goflos lg?k0fsf] cefjn] lsg gxf];\ . cbfntsf sd{rf/L, sfg'g Joj;foL / kIf ldnL Goflos sfo{ljlwsf] b'?kof]u u/L 3"; / e|i6frf/nfO{ k|>o lbOPsf 36gfn] Gofofnosf] ;Ddfgdf sdL NofPsf] b]lvG5 .

cbfntsf] 9f]sfdf k'hf/Lsf] ?kdf /x]sf sd{rf/Lb]lv Gofosf ;Dafxs sfg'g Jofj;foL dfq xf]Og tNnf] tx ætfd]nbf/Æb]lv zfvf clws[t >]:t]bf/;Ddsf] ;xdlt / ;xof]udf 3"; / e|i6frf/sf] æjbgfd:ynÆ GofofnonfO{ agfpg] sfd ;Dej ePsf] 5 . l/gf s+;fsf/sf] hfx]/Ln] >L % sf] ;/sf/ jfbL e} sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cbfntdf @)%^ ;fndf btf{ ePsf] d'2fdf hfx]/jfnfs} afa'n] ljkIfLsf] 3/ b]vfO{lbbf ;d]t Dofb tfd]n ug{ tLg jif{ nufOPsf] lyof] of] o:t} ældnLh'nLÆ sf] Pp6f pbfx/0f xf] .

g]kfnsf] Gofo k|zf;gsf ;Gbe{df yl/yl/sf e|i6frf/sf tYox? e]l6Psf 5g\ . Gofo k|fKt ug]{ clGtd cfzf / e/f]zfnfUbf] s]Gb| cbfnt u}/ cfly{s e|i6 cfrf/0fjf6 k|efljt ePsf] kfOG5 . Gofod"lt{ gftf s'6'Da eg;'gaf6 k|efljt x'g' km};nfdf To;sf] 5gs b]lvg' s] e|i6frf/ xf]Og <

cbfntL e|i6frf/sf] csf]{ ?k cfly{s k|nf]eg xf] To;af6 klg km};nf k|efljt x'G5 . km};nf ug'{ dfq Gofo lbg' xf]Og unt k|efjdf k/L ul/Psf] km};nfaf6 cGofodf kg]{ kIfn] Gofofnosf k|lt s:tf] b[li6sf]0f agfpnf < P]g df}sfdf p;sf] To:tf] b[li6sf]0f ;fj{hlgs ePdf cbfntk|lt ;j{;fwf/0fdf s:tf] 5fk knf{ <

Gofokflnsfsf nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] vr{ cfly{s cg'zf;gsf lgod ljk/Lt kl/rflnt x'“bf klg e|i6frf/ ePsf] 5 . o:tf] e|i6frf/n] /fHosf ;a} c+ux?sf hf]gL{ hf]gL{, gzf gzfnfO{ ynf kf/]sf] 5 . s]xL Gofod"lt{x?n] cb{nLsf] k};f j'em]/ lghL k|of]hgdf vr{ ug]{ k|yfn] Jofks rrf{ kfof] . kqklqsfdf To;;DaGwL ePsf] rrf{nfO{ cbfntL ul/df lj?4 7flgof] h'g cbfntnfO{ yk ul/dfdo agfpg] g]kfnL k|];sf] kxn lyof] . ul/df lj?4 cbfntsf] dfg db{gsf nflu p7fOPsf] ljifo xf]Og .

:kL8 dlg sfd l56f] 5l/tf] ;DkGg ug{ æk|f]T;fxgÆ:j?k lbOg] Ps k|sf/sf] 3"; klg e|i6frf/sf] csf]{ ?k xf] . sltkon] o;nfO{ cGoyf lng gx'g] æ;f]rÆ agfPsf] kfOof] . tnj yf]/} 5 eg]/ sfddf l9nf;':tL ug]{ pkfo ;[hgf u/L dflug] To:tf ;fgf 3";nfO{ k|>o lbg' Odfgbf/ sd{rf/Lsf lj?4 csf]{ cGofo xf] .

cbfntdf sd{rf/LnfO{ æv';Lkfg{Æ 7fp“ cg';f/ ækfg;'kf/LÆ jf ælrof vfhfÆsf gfddf x'g] e|i6frf/sf] l;nl;nf 7"nf] 5 . vf;u/L lhNnf cbfnt txdf a9L x'g] of] e|i6frf/ sf7df8f}+ clw/fHosf ;a} lhNnfdf JofKt 5 . t/ 7fp“ cg';f/ o;sf] b/ eg] !)–@) b]lv %))–!))) ;Dd rngrNtLdf 5 . d'2fsf] /f]xdf ljleGg cj;/df o;/L 3"; xft kfl/G5 .

k|ltpQ/ kq btf{ tyf aofg u/fp“bfM k|ltjfbLn] k|ltpQ/ kq btf{ ubf{;d]t lrof vr{sf] afxgfdf ? %)–!)) emfg{] k|oTg ul/G5 . To;kl5 aofg u/fpgnfO{ df]ndf]nfO{ z'? x'G5 . 3";sf] b/ cg's"n k|lts"n s:tf] aofg u/fpg] xf] To;df e/ k5{ . h:t} ;fwf/0f k|s[ltsf] d'2f eP klg aofg u/fp“bf ? %)) ;Ddsf] b/ g} sfod 5 . kIfn] rfx]h:tf] aofg u/fOlbg] zt{df t @–% xhf/;Dd c;'Ng] ul/G5 .

tf/]v tyf k]zL lb+bfM s'g} kIf cbfntn] hlxn] eGof] tlxn] pkl:yt x'g g;Sg] cj:yf /xg ;S5 . cfkm\gf] cg's"nsf] lbgdf tf/]v lng rfxg' gf}nf] / cJofjxfl/s xf]Og . t/ tf/]v / k]zL To;/L cg's"n ldltdf ldnfO{ lbg kmf“6jfnf sd{rf/Ln] df]ndf]nfO{ u5{g\ . o;df kIfsf] x}l;ot x]/L ? @))–!))) ;Ddsf] 3"; rN5 . sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cbfnt wfpg] d'2fsf kIfx? lghL Jo:ttfsf sf/0f lgs} xtf/df x'G5g\ . a? ;o krf;sf] jf:tf ub{}gg\ o;n] ubf{ klg 3':ofxf ;+:sf/ lj:tf/} afgL / s'ntsf] ?kdf :yflkt x'g k'u]sf] 5 .

clws[t jf/];gfdf k|dfl0ft ul/lb+bfM of] clt ;fdfGo sfd xf] . o;df To:tf] w]/} x]/km]/ jf ldnfOlbg' kg{] s]xL /x“b}g t/ klg ? %))–!))) ;Dd 3"; c;'Ng] k|j[lQn] h/f ufl8;s]sf] 5 .

k|df0f ;+sng ubf{M 3':ofxf sd{rf/Lsf nflu of] clt pko'Qm cj;/ xf] . df]ndf]nfO{af6 eg] h:tf] ePdf oxf“lg/ km};nf k|fefljt x'g] u/L k|df0f ;+sng ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf l;h{gf x'G5 . o; qmddf k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf df]ndf]nfO{af6 ? @))) b]lv d'2fsf] k|s[lt / emul8ofsf] x}l;ot x]/L ? %–!) xhf/;Dd 3'; to x'G5 .

/l;b sf6\bfM oxf“;Dd ls lgoddf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] /l;b sf6\bf;d]t lrof vr{ eg]/ sd{rf/Ln] ? %)–!)) c;'Ng] u5{g\ . ;fIfL /f]xj/ jf jskq u/fO{lb+bf 3";sf] b/ ? @))–%)) ;o;Dd sfod 5 . d'2fsf] l;nl;nfdf /fv]sf] h]yf hdfgt lkmtf{ lng] k|s[ofdf klg 3"; rN5 .

lkmN8 hf“bfM ;h{ldg d'r'Nsf jf gfkLsf nflu ul/g] :ynut e|d0fdf sd{rf/Lsf nflu sdfpg] /fd|f] df}sf xf] . lkmN8 hfg] lbg emul8ofsf] cg's"n lbgdf kfg{nfO{ ;d]t df]ndf]nfO{ x'G5 . To;kl5 af6f] vr{ cyf{t\ ef8f, vfhf vr{ cyf{t\ kmdf{O; cg'?k eg]h:tf] df;' cflb ;lxtsf] vfhfsf] k|aGw e};s]kl5 klg k|lt JolQm ?=%)) ;Dd lbg'kg{] ærngÆ 5 .

y'g5]s u/fp“bf jf 5'6fp“bfM y'g5]s ug]{–gug]{ s'/fdf GofofwLzsf] thljhdf cfwfl/t x'g] ePsf]n] o; r/0fdf x'g] 3";df GofofwLz;d]tsf] ldnf]dtf] x'g] u/]sf] cf/f]k kLl8tx?sf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ 3";sf] b/ klg cln 7"n} x'g] u/]sf] 5 . elgG5, o; sfddf cbfnt aflx/;d]t Pp6f lu/f]x ;lqmo 5 h;n] /sd cg';f/ rfx]h:tf] lg0f{o u/fpg ;S5 .

km};nf n]vg ubf{M lhTg] kIf;“u d'2fsf] km};nf, k|s[lt / To;af6 k'u]sf] kmfObfsf cfwf/df kmf“6jfnfn] df]ndf]nfO{af6 3";sf] b/ to u5{ . ? !))–%))) ;Dd to x'g] rng ePsf]df lhTg] kIfn] klg km};nf t'?Gt} lng rfxg] ePsfn] ;xh} :jLsf5{ . To;kl5 z'? x'g] km};nf sfof{Gjog csf{] k|s[ofdf k'gM Dofb tfd]nLb]lv lkmN8 hfg] cflb sfd x'G5, hxf“ v'Nndv'Nnf df]ndf]nfO{af6 3";sf] b/ sfod ul/G5 .

h]yf, hdfgt / w/f}6L /fVbf tyf lkmtf{ ubf{M aGbLx?sf] w/f}6L dfu u/]sf] d'2fx?df Sof; jf ;f] a/fa/sf] Ho]yf hdfgt dfluPsf] x'G5 . gub} NofP/ /fv]df 7"nf] /sd /x]5 eg] klg oqf] 7"nf] Sof; clxn] a'em\g ;lsb}g eg]/ pv'rf{] lemlsG5 . /sd w/f}6L a'emfpg' kg{] a}+sx?df c9fO{ ah] g} sf/f]jf/ aGb x'G5 . kmf“6jfnfn] ga'lemlbbf kIfnfO{ ck\7\of/f] kg{] ePsfn] %)) b]lv !))) ;Dd 3"; VjfP/ klg /sd a'emfpg kIfx? afWo x'G5g\ .

To;}u/L Ho]yf cfPdf klg To;sf] d"Nof+sg ug{sf] nflu w]/} df]ndf]nfO{ ul/G5 . dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] d'Nof+sgnfO{ cfwf/ dflglbg] xf] eg] sd;]sd of] rnv]n cbfntdf cfP/ x'“b}gYof] a? Tof] dfn c8\8fd} ;lsGYof] t/ To;f] ul/b}g . ha d"Nof+sgsf] s'/f z'? x'G5 clg 3"; /sd ldnfpgsf nflu bnfnL wGbf z'? x'G5 . dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] d"Nof+sgnfO{ gdfGg ;lsg] cfwf/df :jljj]sLo clwsf/nfO{ :yflkt ul/lbPsf] 5 . of] cj:yfdf rnv]nsf] rng Hofb} ;fdfGo e};s]sf] 5 .

Ho]yf hdfgt w/f}6L a'emfp“gnfO{ t 3"; Vjfpg' kg{] cbfntsf sdLrf/L km};nf x'“bf ;kmfO{ kfof] eg] w/f}6L Ho]yf hdfgt km's'jf ug{] qmddf t …d'uf{Ú gx'g] s'/} ePg . lkmtf{ lbOg] a]nf klg /fd|};“u df]ndf]nfO{ x'G5 . w/f}6L /sd k|s[lt x]/L df]ndf]nfO{df to x'g] of] 3";df lrQ a'emfP/ glbOsg lkmtf{ kfOg] ;+efjgf /x“b}g . Ho]yf hdfgtL km'Ssf u/fp“bf klg k};fsf] l8dfG8 x'G5 .

nfdf] ;do;Dd lkmtf{ gu/]/ emGem6 lbPkl5 kIfx? h]yf hdfgtsf] /sd lkmtf{ ln+bf klg df]ndf]nfOaf6 3"; to ug{ afWo x'G5g\ . w/f}6L lkmtf{ ubf{ eg] To;}u/L lbSs kf/]kl5 %–!) k|ltzt;Dd kmf“6jfnfnfO{ lbg d~h'/ ePdf dfq lkmtf{sf] k|s[of z'? x'G5 .

k|ltlnlk ptf/ ubf{M of] sfddf lgodfjnLdf ? @–@) ;Dd lng kfpg] Joj:yf 5 . t/ sd{rf/Lx?n] kIfsf] x}l;otsf cfwf/df ? %)–@)) ?k}of“;Dd lnP/ dfq} k|ltlnlk lbg] ul/G5 . cfZro{ rflx+ s] 5 eg] k|lt kfgf b'O{ ?k}of“;Dd klg xDd];L cbfntsf] cfDbfgLdf af“lwb}g .

ldl;n lemsfp“bf k7fOlb+bf M s'g} kmfOn jf ldl;n cGoq st}af6 lemsfpg' kbf{ jf cbfntaf6 cGoq} k7fOlbg' kbf{ ;d]t !))–%)) ?k}of“;Dd 3"; c;'Ng dflx/ 5g\ cbfntsf sd{rf/L . sltko cj:yfdf d'2fsf emul8ofx? g} o:tf unt sfddf cu|;/ x'g] u5{g\ . l56f] sfd u/fpg] cfzfdf lbOg] 3";df afgL k/]sf sd{rf/Lx?n] laxfg a]n'sfsf] xftd'v hf]g{ wf}–wf} kg]{ lg/Lx, u/La / clzlIft gful/sx?nfO{ ;d]t 3"; lbg afWo t'Nofpg] u/]sf 5g\ .

w]/}hgf GofosdL{x?jLr ePsf] s'/fsfgLdf cfwfl/t eP/ eGg] xf] eg] nueu ;j{;Ddltaf6 sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cbfntnfO{ g]kfn clw/fHos} cTolws 3"; tyf e|i6frf/ rNg] cbfntsf] ?kdf lrq0f ul/Psf] kfOof] . o;f] x'gdf w]/} sf/0fx? 5g\ . Ps t sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cbfntdf d'2fsf] rfk Hofb} 5 . csf{] of] cbfnt wfpg]dWo] s]xL rflx+ x'g] vfg] / k};f ePsf / xfOkmfOjfnfx? 5g\ . To:t} sf7df8f}+sf dfG5]x? cln Jo:t g} x'G5g\ cGo lhNnfx?sf] t'ngfdf . oL ;j} sf/0fn] sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cbfntdf a9L e|i6frf/ ePsf] s'/f k|fo ;a}n] :jLsf/]sf] kfOof] . 3"; dfUg] sf/0f rflx+ ;a} tx / If]qsf cbfntdf log} cj:yfx? ePsf] t/ 3";sf] b/ eg] :yfgLo :t/df 7fp“ lkR5] km/s kg{] u/]sf] s'/f hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] 5 .

o;af6 k|i6 x'G5 cbfntsf sd{rf/Ldf JofKt 3"; k|yfsf] jt{dfg cj:yf / k|efj . cbfnt;“u ;Da4 x'g] s'g} klg kIf jlsn, k'ln;, sd{rf/L, n]vgbf;, k]z]j/ bnfn tyf s]xL GofofwLzx?;d]t u/L ;a} kIf sxL g sxL bf]if efuL b]lvG5g\ . of] 3"; k|yfn] clgjfo{ ;+:s[ltsf] ?kdf h/f ufl8;s]sf] cj:yfsf] kl/0ffd xf] .

Toltdfq} xf]Og, km};nf sfof{Gjog u/fp“bf b08 hl/jfgf tyf c;'n pk/ ul/lbP afkt sfg'gn] lng kfpg] afx]s txl;nbf/n] @% k|ltzt lng] rngn] /fd|};“u h/f uf8]sf] 5 . 3"; k};fdf dfq} rNb}g, ljuf] e/fpg] / rng rnfpg] sfd ubf{;d]t kfpg] kIf;“u s]xL gs]xL rLh a:t'sf] df]ndf]nfO{ eP/ n]gb]g to x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

w]/}h;f] df]ndf]nfO{ u/]/ 3"; ldnfpg] sfd ljZjf; k|fKt sd{rf/L / jlsndfkm{t\ g} x'g] u5{ . o;sf] nflu Pp6f …RofgnÚ g} :yfkgf ePsf] x'G5 . k]z]jf/ bnfn, jlsn, n]vgbf;, tyf s]xL a]~rsf ljZjf;jfnf kmf“6jfnf sd{rf/Ldfkm{t sfd tdfd ul/G5 . vf;u/L s]xL GofofwLzx?n] t cfkm"nfO{ o:tf sfddf ;xof]u ug{] ljz]if sd{rf/Lx? g} l;h{gf u/]sf x'G5g\ . s'g} s'g} GofofwLzn] cfkm\gf] st} ;?jf ePkl5 cfkm'nfO{ 3";sf] sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng ug{] sfddf bIftf / lgk'0f{tf;fy ;3fpg] a]~r ;xfos jf cGo kmf“6jfnf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ klg cfkm";“u} ;?jf ePsf] sfof{nodf lnP/ hfg] b'ik|of; ug{'n] klg o;nfO{ s]xL xb;Dd k'i6L ub{5 .

cGo If]qsf] t'ngfdf cbfntdf e|i6frf/ df}nfpgdf csf{] plQs} ;zQm bf]ifL kIf 5 . clxn] klg cbfntsf ;xfos :t/sf sd{rf/Lx?dWo] s/La $) k|ltzt hlt sd{rf/Lx? k|foM GofofwLzx?n] cfkm\gf] 3/sf] lghL sfddf ;3fpg] k|of]hgsf nflu tTsfnLg cj:yfdf sfddf /fv]sf cb{nLx?dWo]af6 5g\ . GofofwLzx?n] Pshgf cb{nL jf lghL sfddf ;3fpg] dfG5] /fVg kfpg] k|yf cem} sfod 5 . klxn] klxn] To;/L 3/sf] sfd ;3fpg /flvPsf dWo] clwsf+zn] bzd sIff plQ0f{ u/]kl5 l87\7f j}bf/df lgo'lQm ul/lbg] ul/GYof] . ltgLx? g} clxn] kmf“6jfnf sd{rf/L;Dd eP/ sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . To:tf sd{rf/Lx? cfkm"nfO{ hflu/ lbg] eujfg\h:tf …dflnsÚ GofofwLzx?k|lt gtd:ts x'g' s'g} gf}nf] / c:jefljs klg xf]Og . To:tf l6sf] nufP/ hflu/df cfPsf sd{rf/Lx? olt zlQmzfnL x'G5g\ ls pgLx?n] hlt;'s} abdf;L u/] klg sf/jfxL ug{] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] tL zlQmzfnL sd{rf/Ldfly s'g} sf/jfxL rnfpg ;Sb}gg\ . o;n] klg cbfntdf 3"; / e|i6frf/n] ;+:yfut :j?k ljsf; ug{ d2t k'¥ofPsf] eGg] cf/f]k nfu]sf] 5 .

lg0f{o ;'gfpg] lbg k6s k6s k5fl8 ;fl/g'sf] cf}lrTo GofofwLzn] s;}nfO{ k'i6L ug{' kb}{g . sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cbfntdf nfu" cf}ifw d'2fdf Ps} txdf k6s k6s u/L $) k6s;Dd k]zL :ylut ul/Psf] / rf/ jif{kl5 dfq} lg0f{o ;'gfOPsf] pbfx/0f Ho'“bf] 5 . o;f] ugf{n] GofofwLzx?sf] rl/q / Joxf]/fdf Jofks z+sf pTkg x'g hfG5 hf] :jfefljs klg 5 . ;jf{]Rr cbfntd} klg bh{gf} k6s To:tf] ul/Psf] pbfx/0fx? sfod 5g\ . o;df k};fsf] rnv]n x'g ;Sg] w]/} ;Defjgf /xG5 / To:t} x'“b} klg cfPsf] 5 .

s]xL unt cfr/0fsf GofofwLzx? e|i6 x'g k'Ug'sf] csf{] dxTjk"0f{ sf/0f xf] b08 hl/jfgf ;DaGwL P]g sfg'gdf /x]sf] :jljj]sLo clwsf/sf] b'?kof]u . s'g} klg km};nf ubf{ GofofwLzn] cfkm\gf] :jljj]sn] pxL ;dfg k|s[ltsf] ;dfg b08gLo ck/fwdf klg …Ps jif{b]lv kf“r jif{;Ddsf] s}b ug{ ;Sg]Ú cj:yf 5 . of] 5'6sf] /fd|} kmfObf p7fP/ kf“r jif{;Ddsf] s}bsf] km};nf ug{ ;lsg] 7fp“df df]ndf]nfO{af6 eg]h:tf] 3"; to eof] eg] Ps jif{sf] dfq} s}b ;hfo x'g] ;Defjgf /xG5 . elgG5– o:tf] lsl;dsf] :jljj]sLo clwsf/nfO{ p:t} GofofwLzx?n] g/fd|/L b'?kof]u ug{] u/]sf k|z:t pbfx/0fx? 5g\ .

sf7df8f}+ lhNnf af/sf Ps jlsn eG5g\– GofofwLzn] a9L rnv]n ug{] …af]8{/ nfO{gÚ d'2fx?df xf] . af]8{/ nfO{g eGgfn] d'2fsf] km};nf o:t} x'G5 eg]/ ls6fgL ug{ g;lsg] k|s[ltsf] d'2fx? x'g\ . sf7df8f}+ lhNnf af/sf cWoIf nLnfdl0f kf}8]nsf cg';f/ …of] cj:yfdf km};nf ubf{ p:t} GofofwLz /x]5 eg] kIfx?;“u ljleGg dfWodaf6 df]ndf]nfO{ u/]/ h;n] a9L /sd snd 6qm\ofpg ;S5 p;}sf] kIfdf km};nf lbOg] ul/G5 .Ú o;f] x'gdf klg :jljj]sLo clwsf/sf] s]xL c+zn] sfd u/]sf] 5 .

p:t} GofofwLznfO{ bnfn, kmf“6jfnf, sd{rf/L, jlsn tyf k|x/L;“u ldn]/ sdfpg ;Sg] Hofb} pj{/e"ld ag]sf 5g\ ;jf/L Hofg, nfu" cf}ifw, ljb]zL d'b|f ckrng / k|tLtkq 3f]6fnf h:tf d'2fx? . ;jf{]Rr af/ ;b:o clwjQmf l6sf/fd e§/fO{sf cg';f/ o:tfvfn] d'2fx?df ;a}eGbf a9L e|i6frf/ x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . pgsf] egfO 5– oBlk ;/sf/afbL d'2fdf GofofwLzsf] eGbf k|x/Ln] 7"nf] e|i6frf/ u5{g\ .

d'2f lkmtf{ lng lbOg] bafa / Tof] ;“u;“u} GofofwLzx?n] df}sf 5f]k]/ cfkm"n] klg kmfObf p7fpg] rngn] g]kfnL /fhgLlt dfq} xf]Og, ;du| Gofo k|zf;gnfO{ g} sdhf]/ t'NofOlbPsf] 5 . 8L=aL=nfdfsf h:tf ljz'2 e|i6frf/sf d'2fx? klg em08f af]lslbPsf e/df 5'6sf/f kfpg yfn]kl5 cbfntaf6 bf]ifLn] b08 kfp“5 eGg] dfGotfdfly s'7f/f3ft dfq} ePsf] 5}g a? To;n] Gofofnok|ltsf] cf:yf / ljZjf;df klg ck"/0fLo Iflt k'¥ofO/fv]sf] 5 .

  ;+ljwfgn] Uof/]G6L u/]sf] Go"gtd\ z}lIfs / gfd dfqsf] cg'ejsf] jif{ h:tf of]Uotf k"/f u/]kl5 g]kfndf /fhgLltsf] em08f ;dfltlbPk'U5 . To;kl5 t g]tfsf] efO, elthf, ef~hf, HjfO{+, r]nf, ;fnf h] eP klg k'U5 GofofwLz aGgnfO{ . Gofo kl/ifb\ P]g, @)$& sf] bkmf $ -v_ n] tf]s]sf] …jl/i7tf, cg'ej, ljifoa:t'sf] 1fg, sfo{s'zntf, OdfGbfl/tf, lgikIftf / g}lts cfr/0f OToflb s'/fx?sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 GofofwLzsf] kbdf lgo'Qm ug{ pko'Qm ePsf]Ú nfO{ ltnf~hln nufOof] . b'Mvb kIf rflx+ s] 5 eg] ltg} /fhg}lts bnx? o; sfo{df axfb'/ jL/ 7xl/P h;n] ;+;b\df Tof] ljw]os NofP/ kf; u/fO{ /fd|f] P]g sfg'g agfPsf lyP .

cGo If]qsf] t'ngfdf cbfntdf a9L e|i6frf/ x'gsf] csf]{ sf/0f w]/} xb;Dd ;+ljwfgn] k|bfg u/]sf] Goflos :jtGqtfsf] Uof/]G6LnfO{ b'?kof]u ul/g' klg xf] . cbfnt, GofofwLz / ;du| Gofo k|0ffnLsf cjojx?df ;+ljwfgn] / ljwflosfn] olt pGd'lQm lbof] ls pgLx?nfO{ rnfpg] xNnfpg] s'g} klg ;+:yf / JolQm;“u lxDdt g} /x]g . o; ;DaGwL clwsf/ kfPsf] Gofo kl/ifb\ rflx+ obfsbf eGg] ul/Psf] …GofofnonfO{ abgfd x'g glbg] c3f]lift /0fgLltÚn] ubf{ …k+u'Ú em} ;fljt ePsf] 5 . GofofwLzx?sf] t s'/} 5f8f} oxf“ cbfntsf eg]kl5 vl/bf/, d'lvof, l87\7f;Ddsf] unt sfdnfO{ ;d]t abgfd x'g glbg] gfddf n'sfpg], sfd ul/G5 . To;f] ul/g'df cbfntsf] abgfd gxf];\ eGg] Pp6f c;n cfzo n's]sf] ts{ cfkm\gf] 7fp“df 7Ls} xf]nf t/ To; k|a[lQn] ubf{ cbfntleq dkfOTj / 5f8fkgn] h/f ufl8;s]sf] 5 .

sf/jfxL ug]{ ;+oGqsf] cefj

GofofwLzx? dfq} xf]Og Gofo ;]jfdf sfo{/t s'g} klg sd{rf/Ln] 3"; e|i6frf/df ;+nUg ePdf To;sf] cg';Gwfg / sf/jfxL ug{] k|efjsf/L / ;lqmo lgsfosf] Joj:yfsf]  gx'g' . Pp6f ePsf] Gofo kl/ifb\df klg kl/ifb\sf] ;+oGq b]zJofkL gx'g' / ;s[otf klg sd x'gfn] ;a} If]qsf] e|i6«frf/ /f]Sg kl/ifb\ ;kmn x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . s'/f lhNnf cbfnt rf/vfndf x'“bfsf] xf] . rf/vfndf w]/} sfof{nox? Pp6} sDkfp08leq lyP . Ps} lbgdf sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cbfntsf] Pp6f l87\7fn] emul8ofaf6 %)) lnof] . ToxL a]nf dfnkf]t sfof{nosf] v/bf/n] klg sfddf cfPsf] JolQm;“u %)) ?k}of 3"; ha/h:tL dfu]/ lnof] . Toxf“ dfnkf]tsf] sd{rf/L ;dfltof] / cbfntsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;dfTg vf]Hbf GofofwLzn] g} arfp u/] . tL b'j} sd{rf/Lsf] ck/fw Pp6} lyof] . dfnkf]tsf] 3':ofxf sf/jfxLdf k¥of] t/ cbfntsf] Tof] l87\7fnfO{ tTsfnLg d'Vo GofofwLz df]xgs[i0f vgfnåf/f o;/L arfp ul/of] ls p;nfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ s;}n] ;s]g . Gofo If]qsf kLl8tx? eG5g\– …of] Pp6f pbfx/0f dfq} xf] . o:tf] t w]/} eO/xG5 .Ú

bnfnx?sf] ljuljuL

cbfntdf kIfx?;“u s'/fsfgL u/]/ rfx]h:tf] km};nf lbnfp“5' eGb} s'g} klg tl/sfaf6 d'2f;“u ;DaGw gePsf s]xL k]z]j/ bnfnx?sf] ljuljuL x'g] u5{ . ltgLx? jlsnsf] kmd{b]lv cbfntsf] u]6df klg k|z:t} e]l6G5g\ . cbfntsf] d"n u]6df a;]/ kmf“6jfnf sd{rf/L, n]vgbf; tyf To:t} jlsnx?;“u ldn]/ kIfx?sf] vf]hL ug{' ltgLx?sf] lbgrof{ ag]sf] 5 . cbfntdf cfOk'u]sf tL ljleGg kIfx?;“u s'/f ldnfP/ pgLx?n] rfx]h:tf] sfd ul/lbg] zt{df k};f vfP/ ldnfpg] sf]lz; u5{g\ . ltgLx? ;+ul7t tj/n] g} o;df nfu]sf] klg kfOPsf] 5 . s]xL sfg'g Joj;foLx?, s]xL kmf“6jfnf sd{rf/Lx? / s]xL GofofwLzx?nfO{ xftdf lnP/ ltgLx? of] ;j} xs{t ug{ ;kmn ePsf 5g\ .

o:tf] ldnfO{ vfg] gof“ k]zfdf ;+nUg tL JolQmx? s]xL t pRr cf]xf]bfsf kbflwsf/L tyf GofofwLzx?sf cfkm\gf dfG5]x? 5g\ . To:t} s]xL k|x/Lsf cfkm\gf dfG5]x? 5g\ . t/ ;“u;“u} s]xL To:tf dlxnfx? klg 5g\ hf] cfkm\gf] z/L/ a]r]/ klg of] ;j} sfd ldnfOlbg] / k};f vfg] wGbfdf ;+nUg 5g\ . cfkm\gf] z/L/ g} a]r]/ Gofo g} k|efljt x'g] u/L bnfnLsf] k]zf ug{] tL dlxnfx?dWo] s]xL eg] k]6 kfNg} vflt/ o; k]zfdf ;+nUg b]lvG5g\ eg] of}g Jofkf/ u/]/ cfkm"n] eg]h:tf] km};nf u/fpg ;Sg] Ifdtf /fVg]dWo] s]xL dlxnfx? rflx+ cln pRr kl/jf/s} / lgs} /fd|} x}l;ot ePsfx? klg 5g\ .

o;/L Gofofno 3"; / e|i6frf/sf] cv8fsf] ?kdf kl/ro kfpb}5 . j]nf j]nfdf x'g] cWoog cg';Gwfgn] klg of] tYonfO{ k'i6L u/]sf] 5 . b'O{ jif{ cl3dfq ldl8of ;le{;]h OG6/g]zgnn] u/]sf] e|i6frf/ ;DaGwL u/]sf] ;j]{If0fn] cbfntnfO{ klg ;a}eGbf a9L e|i6frf/ x'g] lgsfosf] ?kdf lrq0f u/]sf] 5 . ;j]{If0f cg';f/ GofofwLzx? klg g]tf, ;/sf/L sd{rf/L / k|x/L h:t} e|i6frf/L ePsf] ;j{;fwf/0fn] atfPsf lyP . xfn} g]kfn sfg'g ;dfhn] u/]sf]] ;j]{If0fdf ^* k|ltzt ;j{;fwf/0fn] cbfntdf e|i6frf/ x'g] u/]sf] jtfPsf] k|ltj]bg k|sflzt ul/Psf] lyof] . ctM cbfntdf df}nfp“bf] e|i6frf/sf] ck/fwnfO{ k|df0fxLg cf/f]k eg]/ pDsg] ge} lgd"{n kfg{ k|of; ug'{ h?/L 5 .

-g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3åf/f k|bfg ul/Psf] …kmnf]l;kÚ df cfwfl/t_

k|lhcsf] gf]6sf] af]6

jL/u+h . lji0f'/fh s';'dn] tTsfnLg k|=lh=c=x?n] cg';Gwfg u/L …lSng lr6Ú lbO;s]sfx?sf] kmfOnx?nfO{ gf]6sf] af]6 agfPsf 5g\ . k|=lh=c= s';'dn] k|zf;sLo clws[t ?b|k|;fb v8\sfdfkm{t 7"nf–7"nf Jofkf/Lx?nfO{ af]nfpg nufO{ ;Ssn gful/stf b] eGb} 8/fO{ wDsfO{ k};f lbg]nfO{ 5'6sf/f lbg], glbg]sf] ;Ssn gful/stf hkmt ul//x]sf]n] jL/u~hsf] ljjfbf:kb Jofkf/Lx? ql;t ePsf 5g\ .

xfn} k|zf;sLo clws[t v8\sfn] 6«fG;kf]6{ Pzf]l;o;g jL/u~hsf cWoIf /fh]Gb|k|;fb u'KtfnfO{ Ps /ft y'gfdf /fvL ?k}of“ dfu u/]sf lyP elgG5 glbPkl5 ;SsnL gful/stf dfu u/] . /fh]Gb| u'Ktfn] ;SsnL gful/stf a'emfP/ l/xf eP . o;}u/L jL/u~h eG;f/df sfo{/t ;ltz lu/LnfO{ y'g]/ k};f dfu ul/Psf] lyof] . pgn] klg k};f lbg OGsf/ u/]kl5 ;Ssn gful/stf lnP/ 5f]l8Psf] lyof] . /fh]Gb| u'Ktf / ;ltz lu/LnfO{ tTsfnLg k|=lh=c=x?n] gful/stf k|s/0fdf ;kmfO{ lbO;s]sf lyP . o;}u/L ntf 6«]l8ªsf ;~rfns Zofds'df/ If]qLnfO{ j}zfv !& ut] k|zf;sLo clws[t ?b|k|;fb v8\sfn] ?= !) nfv ?k}of“ lbg';\ geP y'gfdf /fv]/ sfjf{xL u5"{ eGb} !& ut] a]n'sf ;f9] ;ft ah];Dd k|lhcsf] Sjf6/df y'g]/ /fv] . Zofds'df/ If]qLn] k};f lbg OGsf/ u/]kl5 pgL;+u klg ;Ssn gful/stf dfu ul/of] . ;Ssn gful/stf a'emfP/ l/xf ePkl5 ljdz{;+u k|ltlqmof JoQm ub}{ Zofd h};jfgL eG5g\– æd]/f] gful/stf olb unt 5 eg] To;dfly nueu cfwf bh{g k|lhcx?n] cg';Gwfg u/]/ dnfO{ lsg lSng lr6 lbP . k};f lbP ;a} 7Ls k};f glbP ;a} a]l7s eGg] kl/kf6Lsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; ePsf] 5 .Æ

lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf] /]s8{af6 b]lvPsf] k|df0f cg';f/ ldlt @)%%÷(÷#) ut] tTsfnLg ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L b'uf{ kf]v/]nn] Zofds'df/ If]qLnfO{ lSng lr6 lbPsf lyP . To;}u/L ldlt @)%&÷!@÷% ut] u[x dGqfnonfO{ Ps kq n]vL tTsfnLg k|lhc bf]nvaxfb'/ u'?ªn] Zofds'df/ If]qL j+zh gful/s g} ePsf] pNn]v ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ldlt @)%*÷*÷@% ut] kq ;+Vof !^) åf/f u[x dGqfnonfO{ k|lhc gf/fo0fuf]kfn dn]uf]n] ToxL cfzosf] kq k7fpg' ePsf] lyof] .

k'gM ldlt @)%(÷^÷!! ut] kq;+Vof d' %-ª_ )%)÷)^) r=g+= ##% df u[x dGqfnonfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ Zofds'df/ If]qL u}/ g]kfnL gePsf] pNn]v ub}{ k|lhc cAb'n/O{; vf“n] kq k7fPsf lyP . If]qLsf] gful/stfdfly @)%% ;fndf ph'/L k/]sf] lyof] . To;kl5 k'/fgf k|lchx?n] cg';Gwfg u/]/ cf–cfkm\gf] /fo;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg u[x dGqfnodf Zofds'df/ h};jfgLsf] xsdf k7fO{ ;lsPsf] bfaL lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf Ps sd{rf/Lsf] /x]sf] 5 . k|lhc s';'ddfly cfkm\g} >LdtL zfGtfnfO{ lghL ;lrj lgo'lQm u/]/ lghL ;lrjsf] kfl/>ldsdf nf]e u/]sf] cf/f]k klg nfUb} cfPsf] 5 .

– bLk]Gb| rf}xfg