lxdfno ;xsf/Låf/f nfef+z ljt/0f

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 ;Lldt a}+ls+u sf/f]af/ ug{  :jLs[lt k|fKt k'/fgf]jfg]Zj/ l:yt lxdfno ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sfo{sfnsf] ;ftf}+ jif{df k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . ;f] ;+:yfåf/f cfly{s jif{ @)%*÷%( df u/]sf] &^ nfv ?k}of“ gfkmfaf6 z]o/ ;b:ox?nfO{ !% k|ltzt nfef+z;d]t ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ cfly{s jif{ @)%#÷%$ df sfof{no vf]nL art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng u/]kZrft\ @)%( r}q d;fGt;Dddf cfkm\gf sl/a &%) ;b:ox?nfO{ #^ s/f]8 *% nfv shf{ nufgL u/L @# s/f]8 &! nfv ?k}of“ c;'nL;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;+:yfdf s'n ()# ;b:ox? /x]sf 5g\ . rfn" cfly{s jif{ @)%(÷^) sf] ;fpgb]lv r}q d;fGt;Ddf ( s/f]8 *# nfv shf{ nufgL / ^ s/f]8 &) nfv shf{ c;'nL u/L nufgLdf af“sL shf{ ? !# s/f]8 !# nfv %% xhf/ af“sL /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ;+:yf rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd gf} dlxgfdf $ s/f]8 !! nfv yk lgIf]k ;+sng ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . ;+:yfsf] u}/–a}ls+u ;DklQ #* nfv ?k}of“ /x]sf]df ;f] ;DklQ laqmL u/L o;nfO{ z"Go kfl/Psf] tYo ;+:yfsf] k|ult ljj/0faf6 b]lvG5 .

;+:yfsf cWoIf pQdk|;fb af“:sf]6fn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ ;Lldt a}+ls+u sf/f]af/ ug{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 :jLs[lt k|fKt ;xsf/Lx?dWo] ;j{k|yd of] ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] sfof{no ejg lgdf0f{ ug{ k'/fgf]jfg]Zj/ hfg] d"n ;8sdf hf]l8Psf] sl/a !$ cfgf hUuf vl/b ul/;s]sf] / cfufdL jif{ ejg lgdf{0f u/L cfkm\g} ejgaf6 sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug]{ nIo /flvPsf] 5 . 

lrofM d"No gkfP sf/vfgf aGb

Onfd . lrofsf] plrt d"No gkfPsf]df Onfdsf k"jL{ lrof ls;fgx?n] ljleGg cf7 ;"qLo dfu /fVb} tLg lbgdf dfu k"/f geP sf/vfgfdf tfnfaGbL ug]{ r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ .

k"j]{nL ;fgf lrof ls;fg ;+3sf cWoIf wgaxfb'/ ofËdfnLsf] g]t[Tjdf uPsf] sl/a !%) ls;fgx?sf] ;d"xn] ahf/sf] efp cg';f/ lrof d"No tf]lsg' kg]{ / ljnfl;tf x6fP/ d"No lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{ dfu;lxt ;f] ;d"xn] u/]sf] x:tfIf/kq sf/vfgfsf] Joj:yfks ;dIf k]z u/]sf lyP .

ef/tLo ahf/df lrofsf] d"No @& ?k}of“ @) k};f k|lts]hL /x]sf] t/ sf/vfgfn] cGofok"0f{ tj/n] lrofsf] d"No lgwf{/0f u/]kl5 ls;fgx?n] cfGbf]ng u/]sf] s'/f cWoIf ofËdfnLn] ljdz{nfO{ atfpg'eof] .

t/ Onfd 6L k|f]8S;gsf] cfOtaf/]l:yt sf/vfgfsf k|aGws lbnaxfb'/ /fpt lrofsf] u'0f:t/ cg'?k lrofsf] d"No lgwf{/0f ul/Psf]n] ef/tLo Jofkf/Ln] s]xL ls;fgx?sf] lrof ;f] d"Nodf vl/b ug]{ u/]sf] x'g ;Sg] atfpg'x'G5 .

;+3sf a'l4dfg /fO{sf cg';f/ sf/vfgfnfO{ !%–!% lbgdf ls;fgnfO{ /sdsf] e'QmfgL ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ s'/f atfpg' x'G5 .

ls;fgx?n] k"jL{ If]qsf lrof sf/vfgfx?n] dgf]dfgL ?kdf lrofsf] d"No lgwf{/0f u/]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ .

To:t} Onfd 6L k|f]8S;gsf k|aGws eg] lrofsf] d"No lgwf{/0f lrof lgsfosf] pRr txaf6 x'g] u/]sf] s'/f atfP .

o;/L clxn] Onfdsf k"jL{ e]usf ls;fg lrofsf] plrt d"No gkfP;Dd cfGbf]ngdf pqg] s'/f atfp“5g\ .

sfutLdf slt s/f]8 <

gf/fo0fu9 . sfutL ;+emgf;fy d'v} /;fp“b5 . t/ g]kfnh:tf] s[lif k|wfg b]zdf o;}sf nflu s/f]8f}+ /sd ljb]lzG5 eGg] ;'Gbf crDd nfUnf . t/ kxf8L s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/of]hgsf] ;xof]udf sfutL tyf lga'jf cg';Gwfg sfo{qmd /fdk'/ lrtjgn] xfn} u/]sf] Ps cWoog cg';f/ g]kfndf ef/taf6 jflif{s ^ s/f]8 ?k}of“ a/fa/sf] sfutL cfpg] u/]sf] 5 . sf7df8f}+ pkTosf / pkTosdf aflx/sf !# j6f k|d'v ahf/ s]Gb|df ul/Psf] pQm cWoogn] g]kfndf jflif{s %,$!) d]l6«s 6g sfutL vkt x'g] b]vfPsf] 5 .

cg';Gwfg sfo{qmdsf k|d'v k|fWofks 8f= b'uf{bQ 9sfnsf cg';f/ pkTosf leq vkt x'g]df #% k|ltzt ef/tLo sfutL /x]sf] 5 . pkTosf aflx/ klg &) k|ltzt :yfg ef/tLo sfutLsf] 5 . 8f= 9sfnsf cg';f/, pkTosf leq % s/f]8 ?k}of“ / pkTosf aflx/ ! s/f]8 ?k}of“ a/fa/sf] ef/tLo sfutL vkt eO/x]sf] atfpg'x'G5 .

g]kfndf sfutLsf nflu pko'Qm l;hg -df};d_ ebf}b]lv k';;Dd dfq sfutL pTkfbg x'G5 . cGo ;dodf k"0f{ ?kdf ef/tLo sfutLsf] e/ kg'{ kb{5 . o;} sf/0fn] g]kfndf sfutL pTkfbg / dfusf] cfk"lt{aLr 7"nf] vf8n b]lvPsf] xf] . a]df};ddf pTkfbg lng g;lsPsfn] g]kfnL ls;fgx?n] sfutLsf] plrt d"No;d]t kfPsf 5}gg\ . h:n] ubf{ sfutLh:tf] ;fgf] lrhsf nflu klg s/f]8f}+ ?k}+of aflx/L/x]sf] 5 . g]kfndf klg a]df};ddf pTkfbg lng ;lsg] sfutLsf] hflt 5gf}6 sfo{qmd k|f/De ePs]f 5 . sfutL tyf lga'jf cg';Gwfg sfo{qmdn] :jb]zL / ef/tLo u/L ^^ hftsf sfutL / #& hftsf lga'jf ;+sng u/L o; sfo{sf nlu d"t{?k lbg nfu]sf] 5 . cg';Gwfg sfo{ /fdk'/ s[lif SofDk; lrtjg, ndh'ª s[lif SofDk;hf ;'Gb/ahf/, b}n]v / wgs'6fsf] s[lif cg';Gwfg s]Gb|df eO/x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .

;f;{af/] g]kfndf cGof}n

sf7df8f}+ . ljZjdf tLg ;o hgfsf] Hofg lnO;s]sf] k|f0f3fts ;?jf /f]u ;f;{ g]kfndf klg b]lvPsf] eGg] ;dfrf/n] hgdfg; q:t ag]sf] 5 .

!$ j}zfvdf g]kfn  cfPsf tLg ko{6sx?nfO{ ;f;{ nfu]sf] cfz+sfdf 6]s'sf] z'[qm/fh 6«lksn tyf ;?jf /f]u c:ktfndf k7fOPkl5 ;f] qf; a9]sf] xf] . tL /f]uLx?dWo] b'O{hgfnfO{ ;f;{ gnfu]sf] :jf:Yo dGqfnon] hgfP klg Pshgfsf ljifodf eg] ;/sf/n] :ki6 hjfkm lbPsf] 5}g . To;}u/L s]xL lbg cufl8 Pshgf afnsnfO{ ;f;{ /f]u nfu]sf] cfz+sfdf sflGt afn c:ktfndf egf{ ul/Psf] lyof] . Tof] /f]uLsf] cj:yf s] eof] eGg] ljifodf ;/sf/n] s'g} hfgsf/L cflwsfl/s ?kdf lbPsf] 5}g .

:jf:Yo dGqfnon] Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt u/]/ g]kfndf s'g} ;f;{ /f]u nfu]sf] k|df0f ge]6]sf] hgfP klg o; ljifodf hgtfnfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf cfZj:t kfg{ ;s]sf] 5}g .

 sflGt afn c:ktfnn] ;f;{ /f]unfO{ nlIft ub}{ 8f= kf/;gfy zdf{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf Ps afn ;'/Iff ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . t/ ;/sf/n] tftf]kfgL eG;f/ sfof{nodf / lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yndf Ps–Ps :jf:Yo 6f]nL /fVg] eGbf cGo sfd ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . 6]s' c:ktfndf klg ;f;{ /f]usf] nflu kf“rj6f j]8 /fv]sf] ;/sf/n] hgfPsf] 5 .

cGo b]zn] eg] ;f;{ lgoGq0fsf nflu ljleGg ;'/IffTds pkfox? canDag u/]sf 5g\ . ;f;{  /f]uLnfO{ /fVg rLg ;/sf/n] # ;o %) l;6 Ifdtfsf] c:yfoL c:ktfn lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . rLgsf] dlGqkl/ifb\n] a]Olhªdf /x]sf cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ tyf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ Toxf“af6 cGoq ghfg cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . ;f;{ /f]uaf6 xfn;Dd rLg, ci6]«lnof, xªsª, ef/t, dn]l;of, lkmlnlkG;, l;+ufk'/, tfOjfg, yfONof08, leotgfd Sofg8f, cd]l/sf, a]nfot, k|mfG;, hd{gL k|efljt ePsf 5g\ . 

/f]u km}lnPsf] b]zdf dfq geO{ cGo b]zdf klg ;t{stf ckgfpg yflnPsf] 5 . ef/tdf klg rf/ ;f;{ /f]uL e]l6Pkl5 g]kfn–ef/t l;dfgfsf jfl;Gbfx? q:t ag]sf 5g\ . g]kfn–ef/t v'Nnf l;dfgfsf sf/0f ef/taf6 g]kfndf ;f;{ /f]uL l5g]{ ;Defjgf 5 . t/ To;tkm{ ;/sf/n] s'g} pkfo canDag u/]sf] 5}g .

ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7gn] hgfP cg';f/ xfn;Dd % dxf4Lksf $ xhf/ $ ;o #( JolQm ;f;{ efO/;af6 ;+qmldt ePsf 5g\ . @^ /fi6«sf @&# hgfsf] o; /f]uaf6 d[To' eO;s]sf] k'i6L ePsf] 5 . cGo clwsf+z b]zn] cfkm\gf] b]zdf l5g]{ ljleGg gfsfx? aGb u/]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sfh:tf] ;DkGg d'n'snfO{ ;d]t ;f;{ /f]u lgoGq0f ug{ ufx|f] kl//x]sf] 5 . g]kfnn] ;Defljt dxfdf/LnfO{ Vofn u/L ;dodf ;t{stf gckgfP kl5 k5'tfpg] cj:yf gcfpnf eGg ;ls+b}g .

rLgaf6 z'? ePsf] ;f;{ /f]u lrlsT;f lj1fgsf nflu 7"nf] r'gf}tL ag]sf] 5 . ;f] /f]usf] tLj|tfn] ;+qmd0faf6 cGt/f{li6«o ko{6g Joj;fodf dGbL cfpg'sf] ;fy} :jf:Yo ;DaGwL hl6n ;d:of b]vf k/]sf] 5 . blIf0fk"jL{ Pl;ofdf of] /f]u tLj| ?kdf a9]sf] 5 . ;f;{ /f]usf ljifodf l;+ufk'/df gof“ k|ljlw ckgfOPsf] 5 . l;+ufk'/sf] cn]shfG8/ c:ktfnn] ;f]daf/ pRr k|ljlwsf] e]63f6 k|0ffnL cjnDag u/]sf] 5 . o; k|0ffnLdf j]e Sofd/f tyf 6]lnlehgsf] k|of]u ePsf] 5 . o;af6 ;f;{ g;g]{ ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .

– sdnb]j e§/fO{

l/xfO{sf nflu dfu

Onfd . dfcf]jfbL ultljlwdf ;+nUg /x]sf] cf/f]kdf Onfd sf/fuf/df /x]sf $) aGbLåf/f cfkm\gf] l/xfO{sf nflu dfu ub}{ ;fj{hlgs lj1lKt k|sflzt u/]sf 5g\ .

cfOtaf/ k|sflzt lj1lKtdf dfgj clwsf/jfbL, sfg'gljb\, gful/s ;dfh / kqsf/nfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 ;fj{hflgs ul/Psf] cfrf/;+lxtf tLg ;ftfleqdf nfu" x'g'kg]{ eg]sf] t/ ;/sf/sf] lkmtnf]kgfsf] sf/0faf6 nfu" tyf sfof{Gjog gePsf]df v]b k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ .  zlGtk"0f{ jftfj/0fdf b]zsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g'kg]{ s'/fdf cfkm\gf] kf6L{ ljZj:t /x]sf] / zflGtk"0f{ lgsf;sf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ txaf6 cfjZos pkfo cjnDag ul/Psf] s'/f  jQmJodf pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . 

lj1lKtdf Onfd sf/fuf/df /x]sf aGbLsf] l/xfO{sf] nflu kxn ul/lbg dfgjclwsf/jfbL gful/s ;dfh Pj+ kqsf/x?nfO{ cfu|x ub}{ () lbgsf] Dofb ;lsg nfUbf klg aGbLx?nfO{ Dofb yk ul/ k'gM y'gfdf /fVg gx'g] ;d]t pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . ;f] aGbLx?df g]=s=kf= dfcfjfbLsL If]qLo kf]ln6Jo'/f] ;b:o tyf cg]d;+3 qmflGtsf/LsL s]Gb|Lo ;b:o wd{zLnf rfkfufO{+;d]t /x]sL l5g\ .

e}/xjfdf ;f;{sf] hgr]tgf

e}/xjf . jt{dfg ljZjnfO{ q:t t'NofPsf] cgf}7f] /f]u ;f;{af/] hg–r]tgfdf clej[l¢ ug]{ p2]Zon] ;fd'bflos ;]jf, ;dfh l;4fy{gu/ / o'lge;{n sn]h ckm d]l8sn ;fOG;]; tyf lzIf0f c:ktfnn] ;+o'Qm ?kdf j}zfv @) ut] æk|f0f3fts cgf}7f] /f]u ;f;{ ljZjdf km}lnPsf] 5 Jofks qf;Æ ljifos ljrf/ uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 .

;fd'bflos ;]jf ;dfhsf cWoIf k/z'/fd cfrfo{sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg x'g] ;f] ljrf/ uf]i7Ldf c~rn c:ktfn j'6jnsf d]=;'= 8f=gGbk|;fb zdf{, eLd c:ktfn e}/xjfsf d]=;'= 8f= eL=s]= dgf]x/ hf]zL, o'lge;{nsf jl/i7 lrlsT;såo 8f=eL=s]= cu|jfn, 8f=cfnf]sn] sfo{kq k|:t't ug'{ x'g]5 . o'=;L=Pd=P;=sf d]=;'= s0f]{n Pr=/fdrGb|gn] ;f;{af/] ljz]if l6Kk0fL ug'{x'g]5 . kqsf/ tyf ;fd'bflos ;]jf ;dfhsf ;Nnfxsf/ Pj+ sfo{qmd ;+of]hs lbnLk e§/fO{n] lbgx'“ e}/xjf gfsf x'“b} :yndfu{af6 g]kfn lelqg] ;jf{lws ljb]zL g]kfn lelqg] / e}/xjfsf cf;kf;sf IF]qsf rf/ xhf/eGbf a9L o'jf–o'jtL a9L ;f;{ k|efljt /fi6« xªsª, l;+ufk'/, dn]l;of, yfONof08 / s]xL Jofkf/Lx? rLgdf ;d]t /f]huf/Lsf] nflu hfg] cfpg] u/]sfn] e}/xjfdf ;f;{ ;+qmd0fsf] a9L ;+efjgf /x]sf] / l5d]sL /fi6« ef/tsf ljleGg ;x/x?df x'g] bh{g hlt ;f;{ /f]uL kQf nfu]sf] 5 . hg r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly k|=lh=c= bLkss'df/ hf]zL / ljlzi7 cltly k|j=p= s[i0faxfb'/ /fgfn] ;d]t ;f;{af/] >L % sf] ;/sf/ / ;DalGwt lgsfosf] gLltaf/] :ki6 kfg'{ x'g]5 .

ljdz{ ;Djfbbftf ;Ddflgt

sf7df8f}+af6 k|sflzt x'g] tGg]/L å}dfl;s klqsfn] :yfkgf u/]sf] …tGg]/LÚ k|ltef k'/:sf/ ;Ddfgaf6 ;fKtflxs ljdz{ e}/xjfsf ;Djfbbftf jl/i7 kqsf/ lbnLk e§/fO{ ;Ddflgt x'g' ePsf] 5 . lat]sf] c9fO{ bzsb]lv g]kfnL jfªdosf If]qdf cgj/t nfluk/]sf] of] å}dfl;sn] b]zsf ljleGg If]qdf sfo{/t /xL dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] JolQmTjx?nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ of] ;Ddfg k|fKt ug'{x'g] ljdz{ ;Djfbbftf e§/fO{k|lt pQm ;+:yfn] xflb{s awfO{ lb+b} ;Ddfg u|x0f ug{ pxf“nfO{ cfdGq0f u/]sf] 5 .

P8LaLsf] k|ltj]bg
ck]lIft j[l4b/sf] nflu ;'wf/sf] vf“rf]

sf7df8f}+ . d'n'sdf /x]sf] dfcf]jfbL lx+;fTds ljb|f]x, df};dsf] k|lts"ntf, 36\bf] lgof{t Jofkf/ cflbsf] cj:yfn] ut jif{ g]kfnsf] cfly{s j[l4b/ gsf/fTds -)=^ k|ltzt_ /x]sf]df cy{tGqdf ePsf] o; ;DaGwL ;'wf/fTds ;+s]tx?sf] sf/0f ;g\ @))# df cy{tGqsf] cfly{s j[l¢b/ Ps bzdnj % k|ltzt / ;g\ @))$ df of] j[l¢b/ tLg bzdnj kf“r k|ltzt;Dd k'Ug] s'/f PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg …Plzog 8]enkd]G6 cfp6n's @))#Ú df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . d'n'sdf @)%( df3 !% df ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLaLr o'4lj/fd ePkZrft cy{tGqsf k|d'v c+ux? ko{6g, j}b]lzs Jofkf/, j}b]lzs /f]hfuf/L cflbdf s]xL ;'wf/sf ;+s]tx? b]lvPs} cfwf/df cfly{s j[l¢b/df ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g e}xfN5 eGg] cj:yf g/x]tf klg d'n'ssf] zflGt ;'Joj:yfdf Jofks ;'wf/ cfO{ ;fj{hlgs Pj+ lghL nufgLdf j[l¢, ljZj cy{tGqd} ;'wf/, l5d]sL d'n's ef/tsf] cy{tGqsf] cg'dfg cg'?ksf] j[l¢, df};dsf] cg's"ntf cflb s'/fx?df pNn]Vo k|ult x'g;Sof] eg] g]kfnL cy{tGqsf] j[l¢b/df cjZo klg ;'wf/ cfpg ;S5 .

s"n hg;+Vofsf] #* k|ltzt ul/ax? /x]sf] d'n'ssf] cy{tGqsf] ;'wf/ eGg' g} ul/aLsf] :t/ sd ug'{ xf] . o;}n] cfd ul/aL sd ug{ ul/aL lgjf/0f sfo{qmd nufot cfly{s ;'wf/x?df jfl~5t ;kmntf k|fKt x'g ;Sof] eg] cy{tGq ;'wf/f]Gd'v ultdf cufl8 a9\g ;S5 . PlzofnL ljsf; a}+sn] klg o;} cg'?ksf] ck]Iff u/]sf] 5 . @))! ;]K6]Da/ !! sf] 36gfkl5 ljZj cy{tGq vf;u/L ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf / o'/f]k]nL d'n'ssf] cy{tGqdf cfPsf] lzlyntfn] g]kfnsf] d'Vo lgof{tsf j:t'x? un}+rf, tof/L kf]zfs tyf klZdgf cflbsf] lgof{tdf cfPsf] lu/fj6n] klg g]kfnL cy{tGqdf k|lts"n k|efj kf/]sf] lyof] . o;sf ;fy} d'n'sleqsf] cfGtl/s tgfj / czflGtn] ko{6g If]qnfO{ klg TolQs} k|efljt kf¥of] / cfly{s j[l¢b/df ;sf/fTds k|ult x'g ;s]g .

ck]Iff ul/P cg'?ksf] cfly{s ;'wf/sf] k|flKtsf nflu cfGtl/s /fhgLlts :yfloTj / lgof{tdf pNn]Vo dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;S5 . o;sf] nflu ;/sf/ tyf ;DalGwt lgsfox? d'n'ssf] ;'wf/sf] nflu k|ltj¢tfsf;fy nfUg h?/L 5 . cfly{s ;'wf/df cfGtl/s tTj Psflt/ lhDd]af/ /x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:ylt klg plQs} lhDd]af/ ePsf] x'G5 . o; jif{ k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Nodf cl:y/tf, O/fs ;+s6n] pTkGg u/]sf] kl/l:ylt, ko{6g cy{tGqdf cfPsf] lu/fj6 cflbn] l;+uf] PlzofnL d'n'sx? g} k|efljt ePsf 5g\ eg] g]kfnL cy{tGq o;af6 k|efljt gx'g] s'/} ePg . PlzofnL ljsf; a}+sn] oL sl7gfO{x?sf jfjh'b klg ;du| PlzofnL d'n'ssf] cf};t cfly{s j[l¢b/ kf“r bzdnj tLg k|ltztnfO{ ljZj cy{tGq;“u t'ngf ub}{ ;sf/fTds dfg]sf] 5 . rfn" cfly{s jif{df l5d]sL d'n's ef/tsf] cfly{s j[l¢b/ ^ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] b'O{ bzs;Dd cfGtl/s u[xo'¢df km;]sf] ckmuflg:tfgsf] j[l¢b/ klg kf“r bzdnj ;ft k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . o;/L  of] Plzof tyf k|zfGt IF]qsf] cy{tGqsf] ;sf/fTds l:yltsf] dhj't kIf cfGtl/s dfu, a9\bf] lgof{t, cfly{s ;'wf/sf] k|efjsf/L sfo{qmd, pko'Qm df}lb|s tyf laQLo gLlt cflbx? g} /x]sf] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . a}+sn] log} kl/l:yltx?sf afah'b klg cfp“bf jif{x?df Plzof tyf k|zfGt If]qsf] j[l¢b/df ;'wf/ cfpg] ck]Iff u/]sf] 5 .

blIF0f Plzofsf] Pp6f lxdfnL clw/fHo g]kfnsf] cy{tGq cl3Nnf jflif{s k|ltj]bgeGbf cem gfh's ePsf] s'/f …Plzog 8]enkd]G6Ú n] hgfPsf] 5 . rfn" cf=j=df d'n'ssf] s"n hL8LkLdf sl/a $) k|ltzt of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf] s[lif If]qsf] j[l¢b/ sl/a @ k|ltzt /xg] tYon] ;du| cy{tGqsf] cf+sng ug{ ldNb5 . sl/a *! k|ltzt hg;+Vof lge{/ /xg] s[lif If]qsf] j[l¢b/ ;fdfGotof hg;+Vof j[l¢b/ eGbf ;f“Rr} g} sd 5 . o;n] l5§} g} eofjx l:ylt lgDTofpg ;S5 . o;sf] nflu s[lif If]qsf] j[l¢b/nfO{ hg;+Vof j[l¢b/;+u ;dfof]hg ub}{ a9fp“b} n}hfg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . o;tkm{ ;f]Rg h?/L x'G5 . o;}u/L cf}Bf}lus If]qtkm{sf] j[l¢b/ z"Go bzdnj @ k|ltzt Go"g j[l¢sf] cg'dfg a}+sn] u/]sf] 5 . of] sdhf]/ cj:yfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg klg lgof{t j[l¢ tyf /fhgLlts :yfloTjtkm{ Wofg lbg'kb{5 . ;]jf IF]qdf x'g;Sg] j[l¢ eg] cfufdL zflGt ;'/Iffsf] cj:yfdf lge{/ /xG5 lsgeg] l:ylt ;'b[9 ePsf] v08df ko{6s cfudg a9]/ ;]jf If]qdf ck]lIft ;'wf/ xfl;n ug{ ;lsG5 . dxfdf/Lsf] ?kdf km}lnPsf] ;f;{ /f]usf] lgoGq0fn] klg ;]jf If]qsf] j[l¢df dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;S5 .

;/sf/ cfkm\gf] lg0f{o, cfkm}+ pNn3+g

sf7df8f}+ . tTsfnLg ;/sf/nfO{ c;Ifd egL >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 c;f]h @% ut] nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbsf] k|wfgdGqLTjdf ul7t dlGqkl/ifb\sf cy{dGqL 8f=ab|Lk|;fb >]i7sf] JolQmut :jfy{sf sf/0f s]xL ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx¿sf dxfk|jGwsljxLg x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . dxfk|jGwsljxLg ePsf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx¿df s[lif ljsf; a}+s, /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s, gful/s nufgL sf]if, shf{ ;'/If0f lgud, aLdf ;ldlt / g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 /x]sf 5g\ .

dxfk|jGwsljxLg ;+:yfgx¿df lgo'lQmsf nflu >L % sf] ;/sf/sf d'Vo;lrj 8f=ljdnk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf cy{ dGqfnosf ;x;lrj dfwjk|;fb l3ld/] / nf]s;]jf cfof]usf ;b:o 8f=eLdb]j e§ ;b:o /x]sf] Ps ;ldlt lgdf{0f u/L vfnL k|To]s ;+:yfgx¿df tLg–tLg hgfsf] b/n] l;kmfl/; u/]sf]df l;kml/;k|lt cy{dGqL >]]i7n] c;xdlt hgfPkl5 lgo'lQmsf] sfd /f]lsPsf] xf] . cy{ dGqfnosf ;"q cg';f/ dxfk|jGws lgo'lQmsf nflu ul7t ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] gfdfjnLdf cy{dGqL glhssf s;}sf] gfd gk/]sf] t/ cy{dGqLn] tL vfnL ;+:yfgx¿df cfkm\gf] ¿lrsf JolQm lgo'lQm u/L pgLx¿af6 /sd c;'n ug]{ k|of; eO/x]sf] 5 . :d/0fLo s] 5 eg] rGb dlGqkl/ifb\ u7g x'“bf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] klxnf] lg0f{o g} ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg¿df /fhgLlts lgo'lQm gu/L Jofj;flos Ifdtf ePsf JolQmx¿nfO{ :yfg lbO{ /fhgLltaf6 d'Qm ug]{ lyof] t/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf jl/i7 dGqLaf6} o; lsl;dn] lg0f{o pNn+3g x'g k'u]sf] 5 .

dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd ul7t of] ;ldltdf dxfk|jGws lgo'lQmsf nflu df3 !) ut]leq lgj]bg lbg] ;"rgf /fhkqdf k|sfzg u/L ;"rgf adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg]x¿sf] ;+Vof sl/a b'O{ ;o k'u]sf] lyof] . t/ cy{dGqLsf sf/0f dxfk|jGws lgo'lQm /f]ls+bf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf sltko lg0f{ox¿ ;+:yfgdfkm{t\ sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ / o;af6 ;j{;fwf/0f;d]t dsf{df k/]sf 5g\ .

ljBfyL{x¿ cfqmf]lzt g}

sf7df8f}+ . lqe'jg ljZjljBfno / k|zf;gaLr lxhf] :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] r'gfj oyfzSo rf“8f] ug]{ af/]sf] 5nkmn ljgf lgisif{ g} 6'+luPsf] 5 . 5nkmndf lq=lj=lj= tkm{af6 lzIffWoIf 8f=dx]Gb| l;+x / /lhi6«/ uLtfeSt hf]zLsf] pkl:ylt lyof] eg] ljBfyL{x?sf] tkm{af6 cfGbf]ng ;ft ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf cltl/Qm g]kfn ;dtf ljBfyL{ kl/ifb\sf] ;xeflutf lyof] .

5nkmnsf] ;'?d} ljBfyL{ g]tfx?nfO{ ca x'g] :jljo' lgjf{rgsf] ;dofjlw tf]Sg eGg'ePsf lzIffWoIf l;+x :jo+nfO{ ljBfyL{ g]tfx?n] k|ltk|Zg ub}{ b'O{ b'O{ k6s :ylut eO;s]sf] :jljo' lgjf{rgnfO{ :ylut ug]{ qmddf eg] ;Nnfx glng] / r'gfjsf] ldlt tf]Sg] s'/fdf ;Nnfx lng'kg]{ sf/0faf/] cf}lrTo k'i6L ug{ r'gf}tL lbP . lqe'jg ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf ljleGg SofDk;x?df k|x/L k|zf;gsf] x:tIf]k lj?4 ljZjljBfno k|zf;g hjfkmb]xL eP/ To;nfO{ clanDa aGb u/fpg]tkm{ nfUg'kg]{ s'/f ljBfyL{x?n] Ps :j/df cfjfh p7fPsf lyP . æSofDk;leq ;}lgs / k|x/L l5/]/ hyfefjL w/ks8 s'6lk6 / lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf] 5 . pRr lzIff lng cfPsf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ aGb'swf/Lx?n] k|ToIf c;/ kf/]sf 5g\Æ g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf dxfdGqL uug yfkfn] eGg'eof] . pxf“n] ut !% ut] pkTosfsf kz'klt SofDk;, lqrGb| / ;/:jtL SofDk;x?af6 kqmfp k/]sf $ hgf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ clanDa d'Qm gu/] @@ ut]b]lv x'g nfu]sf] lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf] k/LIff layf]lng] r]tfjgL lbg'eof] .

cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_n] jlxisf/ u/]sf] pQm 5nkmnsf] qmddf -qmflGtsf/L_n] p7fPsf dfux?af/] ljZjljBfno k|zf;gn] rf;f] gb]vfPsf] sf/0f :jljo' lgjf{rg x'g g;s]sf] 7x/ ub}{ pxf“x?n] qmflGtsf/Lsf dfux? k"/f ug]{tkm{ klg lqlj k|zf;g nfUg'kg]{ ljrf/ ljBfyL{ g]tfx?n] /fv]sf lyP .

cGof}n oyfjt /fv]df ljBfyL{x?n] lq=lj=sf pRr kbflwsf/Lx?sf] /fhLgfdf dfUb} cfGbf]ng rsf{pg] ;+efjgf 5 .

o;}aLr, g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 /fli6«o sfo{;ldltsf] cfh / ef]ln lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf] :d[lt ejgdf x'g] sfo{qmd cufj} lxhf] To; If]q j/k/ ePsf] ;}lgs pkl:yltnfO{ lnP/ ljBfyL{x? cfqmf]lzt ePsf 5g\ . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|f;b sf]O/fnfn] pb\3f6g ug'{x'g] ;ldltsf] a}7sdf clw/fHoe/sf lhNnf :t/Lo ljBfyL{ g]tfx?sf] ;xefuL x'g] ePsf] 5 .

z}lIfs ;Nnfxsf/ /xg' ePg

sf7df8f}+ . sf7df8f}+l:yt cd]l/sg b"tfjf;sf] ;"rgf s]Gb| / cd]l/sg z}lIfs kmfp08]zg -o"=P;=O{=Pkm=_ n] Ps k|]; lj1lKt hf/L u/L cfkm\gf ;xsdL{ Pj+ 3lgi6 ldq ;Gtf]if l;+xsf] oxL j}zfv !% ut] $! jif{sf] cNkfo'df c;fdlos lgwg ePsf]df ulx/f] zf]s JoQm u/]sf] 5 . l;+x o"=P;=O{=Pkm=sf z}lIfs ;Nnfxsf/ x'g'x'GYof] .

uf]/vf lhNnfdf hGdL cf]vn9'Ëfdf :s"n hLjg ljtfPsf lbj+ut ;Gtf]if l;+xn] bflh{lnªaf6 :gfts u/L ;g\ !(*) df sf7df8f}+ cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . ;g\ !(*^ df Go'/f]8l:yt k'/fgf] cd]l/sg s]Gb|df sd{rf/Lsf] ¿kdf ;+nUg x'g'cl3 pxf“n] lzIf0f tyf kqkqklqsfx¿df l/kf]l6ª ug'{x'GYof] . To;kl5 l;+xn] ;g\ !((@ df o"=P;=O{=Pkmdf l/;]K;lgi6sf] ¿kdf cfkm\gf] ;]jf kl/jt{g ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pxf“sf] sfo{z}nLsf sf/0f ;g\ !((% df ;"rgf ;xfos, !((* df ;"rgf clws[t / @))! b]lv z}lIfs ;Nnfxsf/df a9'jf x'g'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{sfnsf P3f/ jif{df pxf“n] xhf/f}+ g]kfnLx¿nfO{ cd]l/sfdf z}lIfs cj;/x¿ vf]Hg e/dUb'/ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' ePsf] lyof] . pxf“ ;a}nfO{ cfb/ ug]{, ;/n t/ ldhfl;nf] k|s[ltsf] x'g'x'GYof] .

l;+xsf Ps >LdtL / b'O{ 5f]/f /x]sf 5g\ . j}zfv !% ut] laxfg k'Nrf]sl:yt cfkm\g} lgjf;df s/]G6 nfu]sf]df ;f]xL lbg dWofGx sf7df8f}+l:yt gle{s c:ktfndf pxf“sf] lgwg ePsf] lyof] .

dfcf]jfbLåf/f k|x/L cleglGbt

jL/]Gb|gu/ . ljut ;ftjif{b]lv e"ldut hgo'4 ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] d+unaf/ Ps ;z:q k|x/L hjfgnfO{ clegGbg u/L cfkm\gf] km/s rl/q k|bz{g u/]sf] 5 . k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/, sflnsf]6 lhNnfsf] cf]bfgs' uflj; j8f g+= $ l;dv]t lgjf;L ;z:q k|x/L hjfg k"0f{axfb'/ l;+xnfO{ 3/ uPsf] df}sfdf dfcf]jfbL Ps ;d"xn] clegGbg u/]sf] lyof] . :yfgLo lrqaxfb'/ l;+xsf cg';f/, pgnfO{ b]j k|fljcf]bfsf] k|f+u0fdf bf];Nnf cf]9fO{ clegGbg ul/Psf] lyof] . 3/ kms{g k"j{ hfgsf/L kfPsf] eP pgnfO{ dfcf]jfbLx?n] afhfufhf;lxt :jfut ug]{ rfxgf /fv]sf] clegGbg sfo{qmddf Ps dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{n] atfP . pgLx?n] lsg clegGbg u/] eGg] s'/f yfxf ePsf] 5}g .

kqsf/x¿ lbNnLdf

sf7df8f}+ . cGt/f{li6«o k|]; :jtGqtf lbj;sf ;Gbe{df cGt/f{li6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3 -cfO=Pkm=h]=_ åf/f ef/tsf] /fhwfgL gof“lbNnLdf cfof]hgf x'g] blIf0f PlzofnL k]|; :jtGqtf k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ug]{ / cfOPkmh]åf/f :yflkt b hgf{lni6 km/ 6f]n/]G; k|fOhsf] k'/:sf/ 3f]if0ff Pj+ ljt/0f ;df/f]xdf efu lng g]kfnL ;~rf/sdL{x¿ lxhf] To;tkm{ k|:yfg u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfn k|]; o'lgogsf dxf;lrj t¿0f kf}8]n, g]kfn k|]; o'lgogsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf ;fKtflxs ljdz{sf ;Dkfbs s]bf/ ;'j]bL, /ljls/0f sf]O/fnfsf ;fy} pQm k'/:sf/sf] nflu lg0ff{os d08nsf ;b:o jl/i7 kqsf/ /fds[i0f /]UdL, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf sf]iffWoIf lzj ufp“n];d]t pQm blIf0f PlzofnL kmf]/ddf efu lng hfg' ePsf] 5 .

;dfhdf ;lxi0f'tf clej[l¢sf nflu kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/ :yfkgf u/]sf] cfOPkmh]n] blIf0f Plzofsf tLg hgf ;~rf/sdL]{x¿nfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{ sfo{qmd 5 . pQm cj;/df blIf0f Plzofsf cGt/f{li6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3df cfj¢ ;~rf/sdL{x¿sf ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx¿sf] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd;d]t cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 .

;~rfl/sfdf aGbgf g}

sf7df8f}+ . ;~rfl/sf ;d"xn] aGbgf /f0ffnfO{ km]l/ klg cfkm\gf] cWoIf agfPsf] 5 . oxL cfOtaf/ ePsf] ;~rfl/sf ;d"xn] bf];|f] clwj]zgn] pQm lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . /f0ff ;f] ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfks cWoIf x'g'x'G5 . To:t} gjlgjf{lrt sfo{;ldltsf pkfWoIfdf 1fg' kf08], dxf;lrjdf alatf a:g]t, ;lrjdf lgd{nf zdf{, sf]iffWoIfdf dfof lu/L x'g'x'G5 eg] ;b:ox?df sdnf k/fh'nL, z'e]R5f laGb', u+uf s;h', ozf]bf ltldlN;gf, ;'lrqf >]i7 / cldsf /fhynf /xg' ePsf] 5 . ;~rfl/sf ;d"x ;ft jif{ cl3 ul7t dlxnf kqsf/x?sf] ;+u7g xf] .