k|]d / hLjg
cljjflxtsf] ljrf/ Jofjxfl/s x'“b}g

Clif wdnf

;xL xf];\ of unt, w]/}n] ljjfx cl3 cfkm\gf] s;};“u ;]S; ;DaGw gePsf] bfjL ug]{ u5{g\ . t/ pxf“sf] s'/f a]Un} 5 .

…ljjfx cl3 d]/f] s;};“u ;]S; ;DaGw eof] ls ePg, Tof] eGg] s'/f xf]Og, tkfO{+n] ;f]Wg] s'/f klg xf]Og . s] eof] eof] <Æ jt{dfg dGqL kl/ifb\sf rlr{t ;b:o s'j]/k|;fb zdf{n] eGg'eof] .

ljjfxkl5 >LdtL afx]s c?;“u < eGg] k|Zg ubf{ /l;s :jefjsf zdf{n] emg\ /x:odo hjfkm lbg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof]— ljjfxkl5 c?;“u vf;} ;]S; ;DaGw ePg=== .Æ cyf{t\ ;DaGw t eof] t/ ævf;}Æ ePg eGg] a'lemof] . æljb]z hf“bf sf] sf];“u ;DaGw eof] eof], clxn] lsg vf]nf}+Æ eGg'eof] .

zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudnfO{ lghLs/0f ug]{ dfdnfdf zdf{ hlt v'n:t x'g'x'G5, ;]S;sf af/]df klg pxf“ Tolt g} v'n:t x'g'x'G5 .

æ;]S; t clt h?/L s'/f xf] . ;]S; ljgf dfG5] af“Rg t ;Snf t/ p c;Gt'lnt x'G5, p;sf] ljrf/ cJofjxfl/s x'G5 . /fhgLltdf nfu]sf t/ cljjflxt dfG5]sf] cJofjxfl/s ljrf/ xfdLn] clxn] klg ;'Gb} cfPsf 5f}+, gfd lsg eGg] <Æ zdf{n] ;]S;sf af/]df Ps} ;f;df eGg'eof] .

pxf“n] cr]n ;]S;sf] rfxgf Tolt 5}g /] † t/ ;]S;sf] af/]df zf:qLo ax; u/]/ pxf“ ;Q/L 6]Sg] pd]/df klg dhf lng ;Sg'x'G5 . v}/, ;Q/L 6]Sg cem} kf“r jif{ af“sL 5 . t/ eGg'x'G5— ;]S;sf] af/]df o'jfo'jtLaLr ax; x'g'k5{, ;]S;sf] cWoog x'g'k5{, ;]S;sf] k|;+unfO{ ;f“3'/f] 3]/fdf bafpg x'“b}g . d t ;]S;sf] af/]df v'nf ax; x'g'k5{ eG5' . ca xfdLn] ;dfhnfO{ cl3 a9fpg] xf] eg] ;]S;sf] af/]df ;a} v'n:t x'g'k5{ .

t/ hjfgLsf lbgx?df cem egf}+ sn]hsf lbgx?df r}+ zdf{ …ne ;eÚsf] rSs/d} kg'{ ePg . pxf“sf] bfjL 5— hLjgdf cfh;Dd d}n] s]6L lh:SofPsf] 5}g . sl/a #^ jif{ cl3 gftfuf]tfsf] ;Dks{af6 pxf“n] sdnf zdf{;“u æP/]Gh Dofl/hÆ ug'{ePsf] lyof] . s'j]/ sdnfsf] hf]8L cfh ko{Gt hf/L 5 . s'j]/nfO{ cfhsf] cj:yf;Dd k'¥ofpg sdnfsf] 7"nf] e"ldsf 5 . :jo+ s'j]/ eGg'x'G5— dfG5];+u e]63f6 ug]{ ;Dks{ a9fpg] ;a} sfd pgL ul5{gÚ To;}n] dfG5]x? æ>LdtLs} efUoaf6 s'j]/n] vfO/x]sf] 5Æ eGg] u5{g\ . d]/f] >LdtL h:tL /fd|L c? 5}g, d ;Gt'i6 5' .Æ ljjfxkl5 xlgd'g dgfpg ljb]z hfg] cj;/ g} h'6]g pxf“x?nfO{ . zdf{n] eGg'eof]— xlgd'g t sf]7fd} dgfOof], PsfGt s'gf hxf“ e]l6GYof], xlgd'g ToxL dgfOGYof], slt dhfsf] lyP tL lbgx?, tL /ftx? .Æ

s'j]/ zdf{sf k"j{hx? klg …s'j]/Ú g} lyP . pgLx? a8fdxf/fhflw/fh k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] kfnfdf latf{ kfP/ t/fO{+df a;]sf lyP . dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf] t/fO{ If]qdf v]tLaf/L eP klg s'j]/ zdf{ r}+ dsjfgk'/s} kxf8L If]q u7Lufp“l:yt cfkm\gf] dfjnLdf hGdg' ePsf] lyof] .

3/df ufO{, e};L, v;L, afv|fsf ayfg lyP . b"w bxL / df5f df;' vfP/} zdf{ x's{g'eof] . slxn] dfjnL t slxn] 3/df v]n]/} lat] pxf“sf] afNosfn t/ k9fOsf] d];f] r}+ nfu]g .

k9\g eg]/ pxf“ ;fg}df sf7df8f}+ gemg'{ ePsf] xf]Og, t/ d've/L 3fp vl6/f cfP/ la/fdL ePkl5 3/ kms{g'eof] . ;~rf] ePkl5 pxf“nfO{ agf/; k7fOof] . agf/; k9\g eg]/ uPsf] t, Toxf“ ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;ft ;fnsf] qmflGtsf] xfjfn] 5f]O;s]sf] /x]5 . cGo ljBfyL{ em}+ nx}nx}df nfu]/ zdf{ klg 3/ kms{g' eof] . ufp“df cfp“bf cfGbf]ng r/df]T;u{df lyof] . gftfn] elth t/ pd]/n] h]7f] Pshgf cfkmGtsf] ;+utn] pxf“ qmflGtdf xf]ldg] c7f]6sf ;fy g]kfnL sf+u|]; nfUg'eof] . g]kfn–ef/t ;Ldfdf sf+u|];sf] clkm; lyof], Toxf“sf Ps z}Go k|lzIfsn] zdf{nfO{ sf];Lsf] lsgf/df nu]/ aGb's rnfpg eg] . t/ zdf{ otL b'Jnf] kftnf] x'g'x'GYof] ls aGb'ssf] …l6«u/Ú ;d]t bafpg ;Sg' ePg . To;kl5 pxf“nfO{ d'lQm ;]gf x}g, kf6L{sf] k|rf/ ljefudf v6fOof] . Toxf“ pxf“x?sf] sfd lyof]– /f0ffsf …;LcfO8LÚsf] lrof] ug]{ / /flt/flt /f0ff lj/f]wL krf{ 5g]{ .Ú

;ft ;fnsf] qmflGt ;kmn ePkl5 dfq pxf“sf] k9fO ;'rf? eof] . jL/u~h :s"naf6 P;=Pn=;L= kf; ug'{eof] . k|hftGq:yf{kgfkl5 s'j]/ zdf{ s'g} kf6L{sf] sfo{stf{ geP klg g]kfnL sf+u|];k|lt To;a]nf glhs x'g'x'GYof] . t/ sDo'lg:6 r}+ pxf“ slxNo} aGg'ePg .

/fhf dx]Gb|n] @)!& ;fnsf] sf08 /Rbf zdf{ aDaO{df rf6{8{ PsfpG6]G6sf] k9fO ev{/ ;'? ub}{ x'g'x'GYof] .

…g]kfns} klxnf] rf6{8{ PsfpG6]G6Úsf] Oltxf; /r]/ aDaO{af6 :jb]z kmls{Pkl5 pxf“ ;/sf/L hflu/] aGg'eof] . kz'kltzdz]/ /f0ff / 8f=e]ifaxfb'/ yfkfsf] s/an / ædxfk|jGws agfOlbg] cfZjf;gÆnfO{ dfg]/ pxf“ g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8df l5g'{ePsf] lyof] . t/ To;a]nf lghfdtL ;]jfdf 8f=ofbjk|;fb kGt / 8f=e]ifaxfb'/ yfkfsf] cfk;L 6Ss/ lyof] . zdf{ e]ifaxfb'/sf] dfG5] ePsfn] pxf“nfO{ l6Sg ufx|f] eof] .

kl5 /f0ff / kGts} cfu|xdf /fli6«o aLdf ;+:yfgsf] :yfkgf u/]/ pxf“n] sfd ;'? ug'{eof] . t/ ;Qfl;g k~rx?sf] cfk;L 6s/fjsf sf/0f b'O{jif{ ljlt;Sbf klg sfod d'sfod dxfk|jGws d} c8\lsg' k/]kl5 zdf{n] hfuL/af6} /fhLgfdf lbg'eof] . /, …lgd{n ;fKtflxsÚ gfds klqsf lgsfNg ;'? ug'{eof] .

s]xL;do …k~rfotleq} k|j]z u/]/ k~rfotnfO{ p“bfuf] kfg'{k5{Ú eGg] cleofgdf nfu]/ o'js ;+u7gsf] lgjf{rg n8\g] tof/L klg pxf“n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . t/ /fd/fhfk|;fb l;+xn] :gftsaf6 lgjf{rg lht] klg pgnfO{ zkyu|x0f ug{ glbOPkl5 zdf{n] Tof] af6f] klg 5f8\g'eof] /, nfUg'eof]– aL=kL=nfO{ e]6\g agf/;lt/ . æaL=kL=sf] af}l4s 5nkmnaf6 d k|efljt lyP“, t/ pxf“sf] /fhgLlts nfOgsf] d ;bf lj/f]wL †Æ zdf{n] eGg'eof] .

aL=kL=n] …g ;3if{ g ;dk{0fsf] gLltÚ lnP/ :j]bz kms{bf zdf{ zflGtk"0f{ ;+3if{sf] kIfdf x'g'x'GYof] eg] aL=kL=n] ;z:q ;+3if{sf] pb\3f]if ubf{ pxf“ xltof/sf] /fhgLltsf] s§/ lvnfkmdf pqg' ePsf] lyof] . t/ zdf{ eGg'x'G5— æd}n] lj/f]wdf JoQm u/]sf wf/0ff aL=kL= u+eL/ 9+un] ;'Gg'x'GYof] . dfG5]x? aL=kL=n] s'j]/ h:tf] lj/f]wL ljrf/sf] dfG5]nfO{ lsg dxTj lbPsf] eGy], t/ aL=kL= eGg'x'GYof]— æc? dfG5] d]/f] s'/f ;'g]/ hfG5g\ / b'O{ lbgkl5 d]/} s'/f dnfO{ ;'gfp5g\, t/ s'j]/n] eG5 h] eG5 Tof], gof“ s'/f u5{ .Æ

aL=kL=n] Psk6s xltof/ lsGg s'j]/;“u kRrL; xhf/ ef? dfUg'ePsf] lyof] /] † zdf{n] r} xltof/sf] /fhgLltnfO{ ;xof]u ulb{g eGb} lbg' ePg5 . t/ @)#^ ;fnsf] hgdt ;+u|xdf ax'bnsf] kIfdf zdf{n] k"/} Psjif{ b]zJofkL e|d0f ug'{eof], krf{ af8\g' eof] . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;+:yfks g]tf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{;“u pxf“sf] …bf]:tLÚ To;}a]nf 3lgi7 ePsf] lyof] -clxn] Tof] bf]:tLdf …b/f/Ú cfPsf] 5 ._

@)$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngkl5 d'n'sdf k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf eof] . bnx? v'n] . dfG5]x? sf+u|]; sDo'lg:6, /fk|kfh:tf bndf af“l8P . s'j]/ zdf{n] klg u0f]zdfg l;+x / lsz'ghLsf] ;Nnfx / k|]/0ffdf sf+u|]; kf6L{sf] ;b:otf lng'eof]– ljlwjt ?kdf .

To;}tfs cGtl/d k|wfgdGqL s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{n] zdf{nfO{ cfkm\gf] k|d'v ;Nnfxsf/ aGg cfu|x ug'{eP5 . zdf{sf cg';f/ To;kl5 t pxf“sf] kf/f] tft]5 /] . pxf“n] eGg'eof]— d tkfO{+sf] lj|kms]z af]Sg / hflu/ vfg /fhgLltdf nfu]sf] xf]Og, ;Sg'x'G5 eg] l6s6 lbg';\ eg]/ d}n] lsz'ghLnfO{ hjfkm lbPsf] lyP“ .

geGb} lsz'ghLs} s[kfn] @)$* ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf pxf“n] l6s6 klg kfpg'eof] / ;Kt/Laf6 lht]/ klg b]vfOlbg' eof] . t/ kl5 sf+u|];df 5QL;] / rf}xQ/]sf] emu8f ;'? eof] . pxf“ 5QL;] ePsf]n] @)%! ;fnsf] r'gfj xfg'{eof] . t/ zdf{ eg] tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf / u[xdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf ldn]/ cfkm"nfO{ r'gfj x/fPsf] bfjL ug'{x'G5 .  

ækl5 t kf6L{df lsz'ghL klg sdhf]/ x'g'eof], pxf“n] lul/hfafa';“u xft ldnfP/ xfdLnfO{ nft dfg'{eof] . To;kl5   d}n] sf+u|]; 5f]8]+ / xl/ofnL kf6L{ vf]n]+ .Æ zdf{n] eGg'eof] .

xl/ofnL kf6L{dfkm{t e|i6frf/sf] lvnfkmdf v8f x'g' ePsf zdf{sf] /fhelQm / /fi6«elQmsf]] sb/:jk clxn] pxf“nfO{ ;+:s[lt ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqL agfOPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu pxf“ jt{dfg dxf/fhflw/fhk|lt s[t1 klg x'g'x'G5 . To;}n] eGg'x'G5– æ/fhf 1fg]Gb| w]/} cg'ejL /fhf xf]OaS;G5, hgtfsf b'Mv j]bgf glhsaf6 b]lvaS;]sf] 5 . df};"kmsf sljtf k9\bf Tof] s'/f a'lemG5 .Æ

dfcf]jfbL g]tf 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{;“u pxf“sf] glhssf] bf]:tL 5 . t/ Tof] bf]:tL /fhgLltssdL{ / j'l4hLjLsf lx;fan] uf“l;Psf] eGg pxf“ r'Sg'ePg . æ36gfqmd x]bf{ afa'/fdhL k|wfgdGqL aGg] ;+efjgf 5}g eg]/ d eGg ;lSbg, lx+;fsf] /fhgLlts 5f8]df afa'/fdhL klg k|wfgdGqL aGg nfos dfG5] xf]Æ zdf{n] eGg'eof] . 

ldq;“u ldqjt\ ;DaGw /fVg vKkL; xfdL lrQ ga'em]sf] s'/f eGg lxlRsrfpg' x'Gg . dgdf nfu]sf] s'/f eGg' kbf{ pxf“n] kbLo dof{bfnfO{ ;d]t æuf]nL dfl/lbg' x'G5Æ . h:tf] ls dGqL kbdf /x]/ s] ef], bnx?n] ljut jfx| jif{df s] s] g/fd|f] sfd u/], Tof] pxf“ v'n]cfd elglbg'x'G5 . sl/a b'O{ dlxgf hlt cl3 t pxf“n] oxf“;Dd elglbg' eof]– æ/fhfsf] OHht;d]t xfdL dGqLn] hf]ufOlbg' k/]sf] 5, dfcf]jfbLsf] t s'/} 5f8f}+ .Æ

==== To;}n] /l;s / 76\of}nf] :jefjsf x'g'x'G5 zdf{ . hf“8, /S;L, df5f, df;' pxf“sf lk|o vfB x'g\ . ælsz'ghL;“u a;]/ v'a /S;L vfOof], d / pxf“sf] bf]:tLsf] Pp6f /fh …/S;LÚ klg lyof] . cr]n t Tof] skfnL eGg]n] e§/fO{hL;“u e]6 g} lbGg, kmf]g u¥of], 5}g eGg]===†Ú zdf{n] b'Mv];f] kf]Vg'eof] .

/S;L r} h'g a|fG8 ePklg x'G5 pxf“nfO{ . lsz'ghL / d h] a|fG8 ePkl5 vfGYof}+, nf]sn;d]t rNYof], t? cr]n :jf:Yosf sf/0fn] lkpg sd u/]sf] 5' pxf“n] eGg'eof] .

…s'j]/Ú;“u ;DklQ Pstfsf k|z:t} lyof] . t/ ca ;DklQsf] gfddf afg]Zj/xfO6sf] 3/ dfq 5 /] † pxf“n] ;DklQsf] a]nL lj:tf/ nfp“b} eGg'eof]– hUufsf] gfddf kGw| ljufxf lyof], Tof] klg z]/axfb'/sf] e"ld;'wf/n] 36fOlbP/ bz ljufxfdf em/]sf] 5 . h'g hUufdf lktfhLsf] gfddf :s"n vf]Ng] of]hgf 5 .

l8NnLahf/ psfnf]df /x]sf] af6'n]3/ -o; cl3 hxf“ ljdz{sf] sfof{no lyof]_ a]r]sf] s'n 8]9 s/f]8 ?k}of“dWo] s]xL C0f lt/]/ ;lsPsf] / af“sL >LdtLsf] gfddf a}+sdf /flvPsf] atfpb} zdf{n] eGg'eof]– ToxL k};fsf] Jofhn] 3/ vr{ rln/x]sf] 5 . d]/f] a}+s vftfdf Ps b'O{ nfv xf]nf, t/ C0f g} kGw| nfv hlt k'lu;Sof] .

clxn] pBf]uL Jofkf/Lx? æd]/f] sfd ul/lbg';\, xl/ofnL kf6L{nfO{ rGbf lbG5f}+Æ eGb} pxf“sf] clkm; wfp5g /] † t/ pxf“n] elglbg' x'G5 /]– lxhf] d ;8sdf xl/ofnL kf6L{sf] krf{ 5b}{ lx+8\bf tkfO{+ sxf“ x'g'x'GYof] < clxn] lsg rflxof] tkfO{+x?sf] rGbf < 

hgcfGbf]ngsf] k|Zg M …/fhf s] /f]Hg] <Ú

…-s_ ckxl/t hgclwsf/ lkmtf{, -v_ /utsf] xf]nL <Ú

ax'bnLo k|hftGq / ;Dj}wflgs /fhtGqsf] ;+j}wflgs cEof;df ;don] !$ jif{ k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . of] rf}wf}+ jif{sf] klxnf] dlxgfb]lv ;DejtM klxnf] k6s ;+j}wflgs /fhf bnx?sf] cfGbf]ngsf] ljifo aGg k'Uof] . dfly pNn]v ePsf] gf/f ;DejtM To;}sf] pbfx/0f xf] . /fhfnfO{ k|ToIf ?kn] ljifo agfP/ h'[n';åf/f gu/kl/qmddf 6'+l8v]ndf b]zsf 7"nf dflgPsf ;a} kf6L{ Ps eP/ ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngdf plqPsf] klxnf] 36gfb]lv of] xKtf cyf{t\ @)^) j}zfv @! ut] . of] lbg >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]j ;/sf/ u4Ll;g xf]OaS;]sf] @# ;f}+ dlxgf k"/f ePsf] lbgdf k5{ . df};"km ;/sf/af6 of] b]zdf /fHo ul/aS;]sf] 7Ls & ;o lbg k'Ubf /fhgLlts bnx?n] df};"km ;/sf/nfO{ dfly pNn]v ePsf zAbdf ljsNk /f]Hg v'nf ;efdf dfu u/] . klxn] cyf{t\ o; cl3 klg b/af/sf sltko sbd lj?4 ljleGg y/Lsf k|lts[of cfp“y] . To;df ;Dj}wflgs /fhtGqn] ug'{kg]{ sfd eP ePgg\ a9L eP ls 36L, To;f] ug'{x'GYof] ls x'“b}glyof] eGg] tL k|lts[of sf]7faf6 lg;[t e} cvjf/sf kfgfx?df d'lb|t x'GYof] . ;Dj}wflgs /fhfsf] sbd c;Dj}wflgs / ;+ljwfgn] k|Tofe"t u/]sf hgclwsf/ vf]l;Psf] cf/f]k nufP/ To;nfO{ k'gM k|flKt gu?Gh]n lg/Gt/ / ;zQm ?kdf b]zAofkL txd} / nueu ;a}vfn] kf6L{x? ;+o[Qm eP/ ;8sdf plqPsf] of] 36gfn] s]xL k|Zgx? p7fPsf 5g\ .

@)$^ sf] ememNsf]

Tof] lbg cyf{t\ j}zfv @! ut] 6'+l8v]n hgcfGbf]ng lbj; @)$^ r}q @^ h:t} lyof] . Toltg} t gxf]nf t/ em08f JolQmsf] pkl:ylt, t]/f] d]/f]ljxLg cj:yf x/]s kf6L{sf h'n';nfO{ x/]s kf6L{sf sfo{stf{sf] tfnLåf/f xflb{s :jfut x/]s g]tfsf efif0fdf x/]s kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x?åf/f tfnL dfkm{t ;dy{g, cfGbf]ngsf] ;fd"lxs sfo{qmdsf] 3f]if0ff, cfGbf]ngsf] cfrf/;+lxtfsf] 3f]if0ff / To;df ;a}sf] ;xdlt, ljleGg 7fp“df ljleGg kf6L{sf em08f s;sf] em08f d'lgsf] eGg] dgnfO{ ljefhg;Dd ug{ s;}n] grfx]sf] l:ylt cflbn] Tof] lbgnfO{ ;+emgf u/fO/x]sf] lyof] h'glbg #) jif{;Ddsf] lg/+s'z k~rfotL Joj:yf cGTo ePsf] lyof] . @)$^ r}q @^ ut] . Tof]lbg To;}u/L ljleGg kf6L{x? / ltgsf sfo{stf{ To:t} cf–cfkm\gf em08f af]s]/ 6'+l8v]nsf] rf/}lt/af6 ;d"xa4 x'“b} 6'+l8v]ndf k|j]z uy]{ / Toxf“ klxn] k|j]z u/]sfx?n] of] ;d"xnfO{ xflb{s :jfut ub{Yof] . cl:t klg To:t} eof] . Tof] ;ef:yndf ;f] lbg ;a}eGbf klxn] g]kfnL sf+u|]; em08f ;lxt k'us]f lyof] / cGo kf6L{sf] Toxf“ k|j]z ug]{ h'n';nfO{ :jfut ug]{df pxL cufl8 b]lvof] . ;a}eGbfkl5 Pdfn] k|j]z u/]sf] lyof] . dfly pNn]v ePsf] /fhfnfO{ hgclwsf/ ls /utsf] xf]nL elg ljsNk /f]Hg nufPsf] Jofg/ Pdfn]s} h'n';af6 lgl:sPsf] xf] . of] Jofg/ d'lg o;sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn g} h'n';df x'g'x'GYof] . h'n';df of] Jofg/nfO{ ;jeGbf cUnf] nfdf] / cfsif{s ?k lbOPsf] lyof] . sfnf] sk8fdf ;]tf] d;Ln] n]lvPsf oL zAb n]lvPsf] oxL Jofg/kl5 v'nf;efsf] dWoefudf ufl8of] . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf s'g} klg h'n';df x'g'x'Gglyof] . pQm d~rdf PSn} k|j]z ug]{ dWo] pxf“ g} x'g'x'GYof] . ;efdf nfda4 eP/ a;]sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{ ;a}n] p7]/ tfnL ahfp“b} pxf“sf] xflb{s :jfut u/]sf lyP . Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] klg sf]O/fnfsf] d~r k|j]znfO{ p7]/ :jfut ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . @)$^ ;fndf :j= u0f]zdfg l;+x v'nfd~rdf k|j]z ubf{ s} h:tf] lrq Toxf“ sf]O/fnf k|j]z ubf{sf] If0f b]lvof] . s;}n] 3f]if0ff g} gu/L sf]O/fnf of] cfGbf]ngsf] sdf08/ jlg;s]sf /x]5g\ . ;f] If0f ;a} hgf o:t} k|lts[of JoQm ul//x]sf lyP .

km/s s] <

@)$^ ;fn clGtdsf] Tof] ;ef / @)^) ;fnsf] ;'?sf] of] ;efdf s]xL km/s rflx+ b]lvP . km/sdWo]sf] k|d'v ljifo /fhtGq g} lyof] . …of] hLt xfdL ;a}sf] xf], /fhfsf], k~rfotsf] klg hLt xf]Ú To;a]nf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] Tof] ;efaf6 of] zAb k|s6 ubf{ 9'+uf vfg' ePsf] lyof] . k~rfotsf] ljho xf] egL dfGg To;a]nf sf]xL tof/ lyPgg\ . t/ jf:tljstf rflx+ ToxL lyof] . ToxL k~rfotL k[i7e"ldsf JolQmx?af6 hGdfOPsf] kf6L{ /f=k|=kf=, ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] !# jif{sf] sfndf b'O{ hgf k|wfgdGqL g} ag] . of] lbg sf]O/fnfn] eg]–… cGTotM hLt hgtfs} x'G5, hgtf;“u xfg]{ s'/f s]xL 5}g, xf/ /fhfsf] g} x'g] xf] .Ú pxf“sf d'vaf6 oL zAb k|s6 x'“bf b'O{ ldg]6;Dd tfnL alh/x]sf] lyof] . /fhtGq cyf{t\ /fhfsf af/] hgtf olt l5§} o:tf] pu|?kdf lsg cfqmf]lzt eP5g\, ;a}sf dgdf of] k|Zg plAh/x\of] . @)$^ ;fnsf] Tof] ;efdf sDtLdf /fhb/af/sf af/] gf/f nfu]sf] lyPg . k~rfotL Joj:yf uPsf] v'lzofnL dfq lyof] . Tof] cfGbf]ng k~rfot cyf{t\ Pp6f Joj:yflj?4 /x]sf] x'“bf Tof] Joj:yfsf] cGTo x'gf;fy To;k|ltsf] cfqmf]z cfkm}+ ;dfKt x'g' :jfefljs xf] . Tof] Joj:yf rnfpg] sfd /fhfaf6 cyf{t\ k|ToIf zf;g /x]sf] x'“bf /fhflj?4 klg gf/f nfu] xf]nfg\ t/ To;sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] tf/f] k~rfot–Joj:yf g} lyof] . t/ o;k6s To:tf] geP/ ;a}sf] tf/f] /fhf g} ag] . lat]sf !# jif{df hlt cfGbf]ng eP To;sf] d'Vo tf/f] ;/sf/ x'g] u/sf] lyof] . k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 3]g]{, l;+xb/af/ k|j]z ug{  alx:sf/ ug]{ tyf aGb / tf]8kmf]8 h:tf hlt sfd x'Gy] tL ;/sf/nfO{ g} nlIft u/]/ x'Gy] . !# jif{df w]/} cfGbf]ng eP . sDtLdf g]kfnaGb dfq}nfO{ u0fgf ul/of] eg] oL jif{df To:tf aGb ;fgf–7"nf u/L ;oeGbf a9L k6s ePsf 5g\ . t/ oL s'g} cfGbf]ngdf b/af/sf] gfp“;Dd cfp“b}gYof] . t/ clxn] ToxL b/af/af6 lgo'Qm ;/sf/ 5 . Tof] ;/sf/ cfkm"nfO{ ;+j}wflgs elg/x]sf] 5 . t/ of] ;/sf/sf af/] 6'+l8v]nsf] ;f] lbgsf] 3f]if0ff–;efdf ;fdfGo lj/f]w;Dd ul/Pg . k|;+ua; gfp“ pRrf/0f eof] eg] Toxf“ ;/sf/ …lar/f]Ú sf ?kdf pb\w[t x'GYof] . cl:tTj gePsf] a:t'sf af/] s'g} klg /fhgLlts bn / ltgsf g]tfn] gfp“ pRrf/0f ug{ cfjZos g7fGg' :jfefljs g} xf]nf . t/ b/af/ † of] lbg x/]s zAb–zAbdf b/af/sf] sbd g} cfnf]Ro /x\of] . hlt b/af/sf] lj/f]w x'GYof] ;|f]tf ;d'bfo Tolt g} pQ]lht x'“b} tfnL / ;';]nLdf cfkm\gf] ;xdlt hgfp“y] . Tof] lbg g]tfx? b/af/k|lt hlt ;+oldt x'g'kYof]{ To;cg'?k eP, ePgg\ tL cleJolQm sd eP ls a9L  eP eGg] ljifo 5'§} xf] . Tof] ;efel/ Pp6f rflx+ s] dx;'; eof] eg] hgtfnfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg kfg]{ sfd cfkm}+df g/fd|f]  xf] t < xf]Og eg] lsg Tof] s'/fdf sGh':ofO“ u/]/ hgtfx?af6 5flgPsf hgk|ltlglw / ltgn] cf:yf tyf ljZjf; e/]sf bn / JolQmx?nfO{ of] txdf pqg afWo kfl/of] < eGg] k|Zg rflx+ ;a}sf dgdf p7L g} /x] / of] k|Zgsf] s]Gb| /fhf g} alg/x]sf] cj:yfsf] dx;'; Toxf“ pkl:yt ;a}n] ug'{k¥of] . h;n] ubf{ of] cfGbf]ngn] jf:tjd} / Toxf“ eg] h;/L ult lnof] / cGTotM ;+emf}tf ug'{k¥of] eg] To;n] /fhgLlts bn ls /fh;+:yf jf hgtf s;n] s] u'dfpg' kg]{ cj:yftkm{ b]z a9\b} 5 eGg] df}g lh1f;f ;a}df 5fO/x\of] . Tof] lbg gf/fx? klg To:t} nfu] . kf6L{sf g]tf vf;u/L Pdfn] dxf;lrjn] t …d"lt{ rf]/LÚ sf] s'/f;d]t p7fpg' eof] . d~rdf ToxL kf6L{sf g]tf pb\3f]ifs lyP . ltgn] b/af/sf] vr{ lsg a9fOof] eGg] ;Ddsf] k|Zg u/] eg] lat]sf b'O{ jif{b]lv st} klg o:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;df/f]xdf gp7]sf] …k|jL0f u'?ª xTofÚsf] k|;+u klg oxf“ p7\of] . s'g} kf6L{x?n] o:tf] gf/f nufpg' jf gnufpg' eg] klg 8]9–b'O{ nfv dfG5] Ps 7fp“df hDdf x'“bf To:tf] gf/f klg nfUbf]/x]5 h;nfO{ ;'Gbf klg ;+:yfk|lt ljt[i0ff a9\b5 . ;f] lbg o:tf gf/f klg ;'lgP . h'g s'/f :yndf ;'Gbfsf] If0f dgdf nfUYof] olt l5§} o:tf] jftfj/0f lsg l;h{gf ul/of], To:tf] jftfj/0f lsg agfOof] . To;}sf/0f klg klxn] / clxn]sf] cfGbf]ng cyf{t\ Tof] lbgsf] 6'+l8v]ndf ljifo km/s /x]sf] ko{j]Ifsx?n] dfg]sf 5g\ . Tof] a]nf k~rfotlj?4sf] cfGbf]ng lyof] . To;sf] cGTo eof], ;lsof] . clxn] Pstfsf] k|tLs egL dflg“b} cfPsf] /fh;+:yfsf] sbd cufl8 cfPsf] 5 . Tof] sbd To;} cGTo xf]nf, eof] eg] s]x'G5 . / ePg eg] s] x'G5, k|hftGq :yfkgf ePsf] !$ cf}+ jif{sf] ;'?cft oL k|Zg;“u} ;f] lbg To;/L ePsf] 5 .

v'nfd~rdf Joj:yfkg

pQm lbgsf] cfd;efdf kf6L{x? hlt Jojl:yt b]lvP /fhgLlts bnx? dfly h] h:tf cf/f]k nufOGYof] To;nfO{ ;f] lbg bn / ltgsf sfo{stf{n] Jofjxfl/s ?kd} hjfkm lbP . cfd;ef rln/x]sf] lyof] / Tof] a]nf of] cfGbf]ngdf ;a}n] dfg]sf sdf08/ af]ln/x]sf a]nf Pp6f x'/L cfof]–dfG5] t;f{pg dfG5]af6 ;[hgf ul/Psf] x'/L @)÷#) hgf dfG5] dWo;efaf6 cfof] cfof] eGb} v'nfd~r aflx/ bf}l8P . sf]O/fnfsf] efif0faf6 >f]tfnfO{ cGoq df]8\g] ;QfkIfaf6 /lrPsf] Pp6f rfn /x]5 of] . t/ To;/L aflx/ lg:sg]df ltg} @)÷#) hgfdfq} b]lvP . af“sL sf]xL 6;d; ePgg\ . c? a]nf o:tf] cj;/ cfof] eg] w]/} cem egf}+ ;a}hgf efubf}8df nfUy] / To;a]nf h:tf] klg clk|o 36gf x'g] ;Defjgf /xGYof] . Tof] lbg o:t} e}lbPsf] eP hgcfGbf]ngk|lt ljt[i0ff a9\g] jf b]zJofkL ?ks} hg;xeflutf kof{Kt gx'g] cj:yf plAhg ;SbYof] . Tof] 36gfkl5 6'+l8v]ndf o:t} k|ltlqmof cfO/x] .

Pdfn]sf] h'n'; cfp“b} lyof] . To;nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ / nfda4 eP/ v'nfd~rsf] 9f]sfdf ;xh k|j]zsf nflu g]kfnL sf+u|];sf sfo{stf{ em08f af]s]/ g} ;3fO/x]sf lyP . Toxf“ Pdfn] / sf+u|]; eGg] s;}n] Pp6f ;fgf] e]b;d]t u/]gg\ . d~rdf jfof“tkm{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] lyof] eg] bfof“tkm{ Pdfn] . jfdkGyLnfO{ jfd;fO6 / blIf0f kGyLnfO{ blIf0f ;fO{6 . g]dlskfsf] h'n'; d~rdf k|j]z u/]/ ;/f;/L sf+u|];sf] efudf k/]sf] If]qdf k'Uof] . Toxf“ klxn] sf+u|];Lx? al;/x]sf lyP . pgLx? p7] / g]=d=ls=kf=sf] h'n';sf ;xefuLx?nfO{ j:g 7fp“lbP . klxn] o:tf cfd;efdf cGo kf6L{sf dfG5]x? ;s];Dd lsgf/fdf / n'Sb} j:by.   d~rdf efif0fstf{x?n] g} g} cGo kf6L{x?k|lt eGg] geGg] s'/f JoQm ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf jftfj/0f g} To:t} aGbYof] . t/ of] lbg To:tf] ePg . s'g} Pp6f kf6L{sf] sfo{stf{ abfd lnP/ cfpYof] . / csf]{kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x?sf em'08df a;]/ af“8Lr'“8L vfg] u/]sf b[Zox?n] Pp6f cgf}7f] cg'e"lt u/fp“Yof] . ;w}+el/ cfkm}+aLr s':tL v]ln/xg] kf6L{ ltgsf g]tf / sfo{stf{ s'g} Ps lbg o;/L klg j:nfg\ eGg] o; cl3 ;f]Rg ;ls+b}glyof] . t/ ToxL+ b[Zo 6'+l8v]ndf Tof] lbg b]lvof] . lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{  eL8af6 d~rtkm{ k'¥ofpg] sfd Pdfn]sf sfo{stf{x?n] u/]sf lyP . of] sfdsf nflu g]=lj=;+3kl5 k¥of] . cfkm\gf g]tfsf] ;'/Iff csf]{ ljkIfL kf6L{sf sfo{stf{af6 x'G5 eGg] ljZjf;n] g} ltgLx? o; sfdsf nflu kl5 ;/]sf x'g ;S5g\ .

d~rsf] d"n t'ndf hgclwsf/ lkmtf{ ug{ dfu ul/Pkl5 To;sf] tNnf] efudf kf“r kf6L{sf em08f nx/} d'b|0f ul/Psf lyP . h;sf] klxnf] gDa/df g]kfnL sf+u|]; / bf];|f]df Pdfn] x'“b} kf“r kf6L{sf] ;+o'Qm b]vfOPsf] lyof] . ToxL ?kdf d~r cufl8 5'§f5'§} kf“rj6f em08f ufl8Psf lyP . h;sf] klxnf] k+lQmdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] / bf];|f]df Pdfn]sf] em08f lyof] . ;a} kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;b:ox?nfO{ ;f] lbg Ps} 7fp“df a:g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . klxn] o:tf] x'“b}glyof] . sfo{stf{dfq xf]Og kf“r kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf pkl:yt ;b:ox? To;/L a;]sf b]lvGy] hf] 5'§f5'§} kf6L{sf xf]Ogg\, ;a} Pp6} sfo{;ldltsf ;b:o x'g\ . p2]Zo / efjgf ufl;Pkl5 dfG5] 5'l§bf] /x]g5 eGg] ;DejtM of] klg Pp6f pbfx/0f xf] . ho g]kfn, nfn ;nfd 6'+l8v]ndf ;f] lbg ;dfg ?kn] rln/x] . g]kfnL sf+u|]; em08f;lxt k|j]z ubf{ Pdfn]sf g]tf d~raf6 ho g]kfnsf] gf/f lb“b} :jfutsf nflu clkn ub{y] eg] Pdfn] k|j]z ubf{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf tkm{af6 pb\3f]ifs 5flgPsf JolQm nfn;nfdsf] gf/f;lxt :jfutsf nflu clkn ub{y] ;efsf] ;efkltTj g]kfnL sf+u|];sf lhNnf ;efkltnfO{ lbOPsf] lyof] eg] d"n ;df/f]xsf] pb\3f]ifs Pdfn] tyf :jfut ug]{ sfd ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{ . o;/L af“l8Psf] lyof] Tof] lbgsf] of] d~r .

cfGbf]ngsf] cfrf/

/fhfnfO{ ljsNk /f]Hg dfq ul/Psf] of] k6ssf] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngnfO{ /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] Pp6f cfrf/;+lxtfd} cfj4 kf/]sf 5g\ . Tof] cfrf/;+lxtfdf x:tfIf/ ug]{x?df g]kfnL sf+u|];sf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf Ps gDa/, g]skf Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] b'O{ gDa/, hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsf clds z]/rg tLg gDa/, g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf gf/fo0fdfg ljh'S5] rf/ gDa/ / g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf e/t ljdn ofbjx? 5g\ . of] qmd em08fb]lv efif0f;Dd sfod /x\of] / ToxL ?kn] nfg] k|lta4tf v'nf;efdf g} b]vfOof] . !! ;"qdf cfj4 cfrf/;+lxtfdf elgPsf] 5– …;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL /fhgLlts bnx?n] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf Ps csf{sf] cfnf]rgf ug]{ 5}gg\ .Ú kf6L{x? of] k6s o;/L lnlvt ?kd} arga4 eP/ Ps csf{sf kl/k"/ssf ?kdf sfd ug{ tof/ ePsf] cj:yfn] klg cfGbf]ngn] s'g ?k n]nf eGg] Pp6f cj:yf b]vfPsf] dflgPsf] 5 .

k'Tnf s;sf] hNg] <

cfGbf]ngsf] sfo{qmd cg';f/ Pp6f o:tf] sfo{qmd to ePsf] 5 h;n] b]zJofkL ?kdf /fh;+:yfsf] k|ToIf lj/f]w x'g] jftfj/0f ;[hgf ub{5 . ;f] sfo{qmd cg';f/ oxL @)^) j}zfv @& ut] k|ltudgsf] k'Tnf agfO{ b]zJofkL ?kdf  k|bz{g ug]{ . k'Tnf hnfpg] .Ú eGg] pNn]v 5 . clxn] ;a}lt/ k|Zg plAhPsf] b]zJofkL ?kdf hNg] of] k'Tnf s;sf] xf]nf < cfGbf]ngsf/Lx?n] eg] adf]lhd k|wfgdGqL lg/Lx k|f0fL x'g\ . lg/Lx JolQmsf] k'Tnf hNg], hnfpg] sfdn] s'g} k|ltsfTds cy{ /fVg] oL bnx? b]Vb}gg\ . k|ltudg :jo+ Pp6f s'g} a:t'ut k|tLs xf]Og h;nfO{ hnfpg ;lsof];\ . /fhgLlts bnn] h'g s'/fnfO{ k|ltudg dfg]sf 5g\ Tof] >L % af6 c;f]h !* ut] rflnaS;]sf] zfxL sbd xf] eGg] yk pNn]v ul//xg' kb}{g . oxL sbdsf sf/0f ;+ljwfg lgis[o ePsf] / hgtfsf clwsf/ b/af/sf] Pp6f sf]7fdf y'lk|g k'u]sf] kf6L{x?sf] 7x/ 5 . of] cfGbf]ngsf] d"n ljifo Tof] clwsf/nfO{ Tof] sf]7faf6 lems]/ hgtfsf] k|ltlglw /xg] 7fp“ l;+xb/af/df Nofpg] xf] . ToxL p2]Zosf nflu cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] x'“bf oL /fhgLlts bnn] k|ltudgsf] k'Tnf agfp“bf s;nfO{ k|tLs dfGnfg\ eGg] lh1f;f j9\g yfn]sf] xf] . s] /fhfsf] g} k'Tnf aGnf < To;f] eof] eg] kl/0ffd s] xf]nf < /fhfafx]s Tof] k|ltudgsf] k|tLs k|wfgdGqL xf]nfg\ hf] :jo+ k|wfgdGqL jf ;/sf/sf] rflx+ o;df s'g} xft 5}g o:tf k|Zgx? clxn] lj?Ql/t 5g\ . htftt} pQ/sf] rf;f] al9/x]sf] 5 . /fh;+:yfsf] k'Tnf agfO{ b]zJofkL ?kdf hnfpg yflnof] eg] /fh;+:yfsf] nf]slk|otf / /fli6«o Pstfsf] k|tLs egL To;kl5 s;/L ;Daf]wg xf]nf eGg] 5'§} k|Zg xf] t/ kl/l:yltn] o:tf] jftfj/0f lgDTofO;s]sf] rflx+ of] Pp6f ljifon] klg pbfx/0f lbG5 . …Tof] lbg ;DejtM b/af/ lj?4 Tof] hg;ef Tolt pQ]lht / cfqmfds x'g] lyPg xf]nf kl5 k|wfgdGqLn] b'O{lbg cl3 To:tf] efif0f gu/]sf] ePÚ . of] egfO xKtfel/ htftt} cleJoQm e}/x] . v'nfd~rd} klg ;f] s'/f pl7/x\of] . k|wfgdGqLn] ;+o'Qm lj/f]w;ef x'g] 3f]if0ff d} ldlt tf]lsPkl5 / ;f] ;ef x'g b'O{ lbgdfq af“sL /x“bf b]zjf;Lsf gfddf nfdf] ;Gb]z lbg'ePsf] lyof] h'g efif0fdf /fhgLlts bnnfO{ ufnL ul/of] dfq xf]Og k|hftflGqs k4ltsf ljt]sf !# jif{nfO{ pxf“n] lwSsfg'{ eof] . To;f] ubf{ pxf“n] s] lj;{g'eof] eg] ToxL k4lt cGtu{tsf] k|hftGqsf tL jif{leq pxf“ klg Psk6s k|wfgdGqL x'g'ePsf] lyof] . hgtfnfO{ ;8sdf ptfg} jftfj/0f ;[hgf u/]kl5 / pgLx? ;8sdf plqPkl5 zflGt ljyf]Ng] bnsf] sfd xf] egL pxf“n] km]l/ klg ltg} bnnfO{ lwSsfg'{ eof] < Pp6f efif0fdf k|wfgdGqLsf b'O{ lwSsf/nfO{ Tof] a]nf ;/sf/L dfWodn] @% k6s;Dd bf]xf]¥ofPsf   lyP .

ax'bnLo k4lt eg]sf] c? h] xf];\ t/ dflyaf6 yf]kl/g] zf;g rflx+ xf]Og Tof] Joj:yfsf k|:tfjsx?n] To;sf] plrt Joj:yfkg ug{ ;s]gg\ xf]nf Tof] cnu kIf xf] . t/ hgtfn] uf]Ko dtbfgaf6 g]t[Tj 5fGg] / To;n] Tof] cfsf+Iff ljk/Lt sfd u/] eg] To;nfO{ lkmtf{ af]nfpg ;Sg] hgtfsf] of] clwsf/ vf]l;Psf] cj:yfnfO{ k|wfgdGqLn] hlt k|z+;f ug'{eof] Tof] s'/fnfO{ hgtfn] tTsfn} d"Nof+sg u/]sf /x]5g\ eGg] Tof] lbgsf] pkl:ylt klg Pp6f gd"gf xf] . To;} klg jt{dfg ;/sf/sf dGqLx? hf] slxNo} hgtfaLr k/LIf0f ePgg\ / hf] eP ltgn] b]zJofkL ?kdf kf“rxhf/ eGbf a9L dt k|fKt ug{ ;s]gg\ ltgsf d'vaf6 /fhgLlts bnx?nfo[ jf/Daf/ ufnL u/fO/lxPsf] cj:yf b]zdf / vf;u/L cfd gful/ssf nflu To;} klg ;x\o lyPg . To;dfly ;+;bLo k4ltdfly cfqmd0f e}/x]sf] a]nf / /fhfsf af]nL kTofpg g;lsg] u/L 5l//x]sf cj:yfdf cfkm" j}wflgs k|wfgdGqL eGg] ljt]sf & dlxgfb]lv k'li6;d]t ug{ g;ls/x]sf k|wfgdGqLn] /fhgLlts bn / ;du| ;+;bLo k4ltdfly g} o;/L lwSsfg'{ cfGbf]ngsf/Lx?sf nflu d;nfsf] kf]sf] aGg' c:jfefljs xf]Og . Tof] lbg ToxL eof] . of] s]jn 3f]if0ff;efdfq lyof] . cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmd ;DkGg x'“b} hfbfsf] l:ylt s] xf]nf eGg] rflx+ x]g{ af“sL 5 . of] aLrdf k|wfgdGqL nf]sGb|axfb'/ rGbn] hgtfnfO{ s] lbg'eof] eGg] k|Zg klg v'nfd~rdf p7\of] . /fhfnfO{ tnjeQf a9fOof], vr{ug]{ k4lt JolQmut t'NofOof], ;/sf/ Pp6f k|zf;ssf] lgo'lQm, ;?jf, a9'jf;Dd ug{ g;Sg] u/L ;/sf/ rNg] sfg'g abn]/ b/af/nfO{ g} a'emfOof], y'k|} cWofb]z cfP t/ Toxf“ hgtfsf] gfp“;Dd /x]g, slt;Dd eg] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df ^% k|ltzt d"Noj[[l4 u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ hgtf;dIf /fVg cfjZos;Dd dflgPg . o:tf k|wfgdGqLn] ;+;bLo k4ltsf] To;?kn] lj/f]w ug'{ jt{dfg zf;g k4lt stflt/ nlIft 5 eGg] v'nfd~rdf ;f] lbg u'l~hPsf] of] k|Zgn] clxn];Dd pQ/ kfPsf] 5}g .  

cfGbf]ng cfx\jfg / sfo{qmd

kf“r kf6L{sf] ;+o'[Qm cfd;efdf ul/Psf] cfx\jfg / klxnf] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ng / g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& n] hgtfnfO{ ;an agfpg :yflkt u/]sf dfGotfx? / cToGt nfdf] Tofu, tk:of, ;+3if{ / jlnbfgaf6 k|fKt hgtfsf clwsf/x? dfly k|ltufdL zfxL sbdåf/f gfËf] k|xf/ eO{ g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ clwsf/ljxLg agfpg] yk hglj/f]wL / k|ltudgsf/L if8\oGqx? eO/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf @)$^ ;fnsf] cgcfGbf]ngsf pknlAwx?sf] /Iff ub}{ b]znfO{ cu|ufdL lbzftkm{ cufl8 a9fpg zflGtk"0f{ ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ng xfd|f] nflu Ps dfq ljsNk aGg k'u]sf] 5 .

;+ljwfgnfO{ lqmofzLn t'Nofpg k|ltlglw;efsf] k'g:yf{kgf jf lj3l6t k|ltlglw;efdf /x]sf /fhgLlts bnx?sf] k/fdz{ / ;xdltdf clwsf/;DkGg ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] u7g u/L hgtfnfO{ yk clwsf/ ;DkGg agfpg] cfwf/ tyf jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ug]{ nIo ePsf] ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngn] k|ltudgnfO{ k/fhLt u/L hgtfsf ckxl/t clwsf/nfO{ :yflkt ug]{5 / ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL zflGtjftf{nfO{ b]z tyf hgtfsf] lxtdf ;kmn Pj+ kl/0ffdd'vL agfp“b} b]znfO{ cu|udgtkm{ 8f]¥ofpg]5 . cfGbf]ngn] ;]gfnfO{ ;+;b\sf] clwgdf Nofpg] nufot /fhgLlts, cfly{s, hgtfsf] ;Dk|e'tf k"0f{?kn] :yflkt ug]{5 . g]kfnL hgtf cbDo tyf ch]o 5g\ / g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d clwsf/nfO{ :yflkt ug{ zflGt tyf k|hftGqsf] nflu ;~rfng x'g] ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;kmntf ;'lglZrt 5 .

zflGtk"0f{ ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngdf ;xof]u, ;dy{g k|bfg ug{ tyf ;xefuL x'g ;a} /fhgLlts bnx? / ljBfyL{, lzIfs, k|fWofks, jlsn, lrlsT;s, OlGhlgo/, kqsf/, ;flxTosf/, snfsf/, dhb'/, ls;fg, Jofkf/L, pBf]uklt, sd{rf/L, dfgjclwsf/jfbL nufot ;a} hflt, efiff, wd{, ;+:s[ltsf cfd g]kfnL bfh'–efO lbbL–alxgLx?nfO{ xfdL xflb{s cfx\jfg ub{5f}+ .

!=           @)^) j}zfv @% ut] laxLaf/

l           @ ah]b]lv @M@) ah];Dd ;Dk"0f{ 1ft c1ft zxLbx?sf] ;Ddfgdf b]zJofkL ?kdf ;8s rf}sdf kf6L{sf] em08f;lxt e]nf eO{ em08f em'sfO{ 20 ldg]6 df}gwf/0f ug]{ .

l           o;f] ubf{ b]zJofkL ?kdf zxLbx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ug{ ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL bfh'–efO lbbL–alxgLx?nfO{ cfx\jfg ug]{ .

l           df}gwf/0f ul/Psf] :yfgdf ;jf/L ;fwg ;d]t 7Kk u/L zxLbx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ug{ cfx\jfg ug]{ .

@=           @)^) j}zfv @% ut] laxLaf/af6 cfGbf]ng cjlwel/ /fhfsf] :j]R5fdf ul7t c;+j}wflgs, cg'Q/bfoL / lgb{nLo rl/qsf] jt{dfg dlGqkl/ifb\sf k|wfgdGqL, pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqL, /fHodGqL / ;xfos dGqLx? pkl:yt x'g] cf}krfl/s sfo{qmdx? k"0f{tM alxisf/ ug]{ .

#=           @)^) j}zfv @% ut] laxLaf/af6 hgcfGbf]ngsf] cjlwe/ ;/sf/åf/f k|fKt uf8L ;'ljwf Tofu ug]{ / >L % sf] ;/sf/ tyf ;/sf/L :jfldTjsf ;+:yf / ;+:yfgx?sf] uf8L k|of]u gug]{ .

$=           @)^) j}zfv @^ ut] z'qmaf/

l lbgsf] 7Ls @ ah] b]zJofkL ?kdf k|ltufdL zfxL sbd lj?4 sfnf] em08f k|bz{g ug]{ .

l sfo{qmd h'n';;lxt ug]{ .

l sfo{qmddf cfGbf]ngsf gf/fx?;lxtsf] Kn]sf8{ ;d]t k|bz{g ug]{ .

%=           @)^) j}zfv @& ut] zlgaf/

l k|ltudgsf] k'Tnf agfO{ b]zJofkL ?kdf h'n'; k|bz{g ug]{ .

l k'Tnf hnfpg] .

^= @)^) j}zfv @* ut] cfOtaf/

l ;f“em ^=#) ah] b]zJofkL ?kdf d;fn h'n'; k|bz{g ug]{ .

&= @)^) j}zfv @( ut] ;f]daf/

l ;f“em &=#) b]lv * ah];Dd b]zJofkL ANofscfp6 ug]{ .

*= @)^) j}zfv #)÷#! ut] d+unaf/÷a'waf/

l b]zJofkL ?kdf >L % sf] ;/sf/ / ;/sf/L :jfldTjsf ;+:yf tyf ;+:yfgsf uf8Lx? rNg glbg] .

l o; qmddf gf/f / em08f;lxt h'n'; k|bz{g ub}{ ;+o'Qm sf]0f;ef;d]t ug]{ .

            hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;+o'Qm sfo{qmd lgwf{l/t gePsf] cjlwdf /fhgLlts bnx? tyf ljleGg k];f, Joj;fo;“u ;Da4 ;+:yf tyf JolQmx?n] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;3fp k'¥ofpg 5'§} ;zQm sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{5g\ .

l hgcfGbf]ngsf] bf];|f] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd @)^) j}zfv @( ut] ;fj{hlgs ul/g]5 . 

nf6f]a'+uf]sf] 8fo/L

d's'Gb cfrfo{

slxn]sflx+ s]6fs]6Ln] klg pNs} u5{g\ . xfdL l5lKkPsfn] ;f]Rb} g;f]r]sf] s'/f klg pgLx?sf] duhdf v]N5 .

d]/L gfltgL d]3f lg/f}nfn] Ps lbg lgs} uDeL/ eP/ egL, rLgsf :juL{o g]tf dfcf]sf] s'g} k|fGtdf cs:dft\ k|s6 eP/ eg]5g\ /], d g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ e]6\g rfxG5' . pgLx?nfO{ rLgdf ;;Ddfg cfdlGqt ug'{k¥of] . clg jt{dfg lrlgof“ ;/sf/n] oxf“sf dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ lgDTofof] . g]kfnL dfcf]jfbLx? Toxf“ hfnfg\ t <

gflt k|j]z lg/f}nfn] elgxfNof], lsg hf“b}gg\   < rLg 3'Dg klg kfOg] / dxfg\ g]tf;“u e]63f6 klg x'g] . ghfg] t s'/} cfp“b}g . 6fpsfn] 6]s]/ hfG5g\ .

of] ;'g]/ gfltgL d':sfg cfrfo{n] dw'/ d':sfg 5b}{ egL, x}g Sof/], d]3f lbbL † g]kfnL dfcf]jfbLx? Toxf“ dl/uP klg hf“b}gg\ .

lsg hf“b}gg\ <– k|j]z k8\Sof] d':sfgn] cYof{O{ rLgdf cr]n ;f;{ elgg] k|f0f3fts ;?jf /f]u km}lnPsf] 5 . oxf“ g]kfndf ;Qfsf] glhs k'u]sf] a]nfdf ;f;{n] dg{, sf] rLg hfcf];\ † To;}n] d t eG5', g]kfnL dfcf]jfbLx? Toxf“ hfg] d"v{tf ub}{gg\ .

pgLx?sf] s'/f ;'g]/ ca d';'Ss xf“:g] kfnf] d]/f] lyof] .

dgsf] uf“7f]
;+o'Qm ;+3if{sf] 3f]if0ff / hgtfsf] ck]Iff

;fljGb|f v8\sf

oxL @! ut] d'n'ssf kf“r k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx? g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]skf Pdfn], hgdf]rf{ g]kfn, g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ / g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{n] ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff u/] .

oL 7"nf /fhgLlts bnx?n] 3f]if0ff ug]{ sfo{qmd :jefljs ?kdf g} lgs} ;zQm x'g] cfzf hgtfn] u/] . tb\cg'?k cfGbf]ngk|lt w]/}sf] ;dy{g /x\of], k|rf/ k|;f/ klg s]xL ;do cl3b]lv g} ePsf] xf] . t/ la8Dagf /fhgLlts bnx?n] hlt cfzf u/]sf lyP Tolt hgtfsf] pkl:ylt cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff :yfg v'nfd~rdf lyPg . To;f] t ;/sf/ / p;sf cf;]kf;]x?n] klg cfGbf]ng t'xfpg, hgtf e8\sfpg lgs} sf]lz; u/]sf x'g\ / ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ cft+lst t'Nofpg klg k|of; gu/]sf xf]Ogg\ . t}klg olb hgtf ;flRrs} cfGbf]ngdf xf]ldg] lyof] eg] 8/sf] kf]sf] eP/ Toxf“ k'Ug] lyPgg\ . v'nfd~rdf hDdf ePsf w]/}h;f] o:tf JolQmx? lyP hf] g]tfx?sf] efif0f eGbf klg s]xL clk|o 36\gf 36\nf eg]/ Hofg hf]ufpg plrt :yfgtkm{ nfUg] tof/Ldf lyP . h'g s'/f :ki6 b]Vg ;lsGYof] . Pp6f PDa'n]G; ;'/Iff :yfgtkm{ nfUg yfn]sf] kfOof] . o;af6 s] :ki6 x'G5 eg] hgtf ;flRrs} hgcfGbf]ngdf tof/ eP/ uPsf xf]Ogg\ . olb s;}n] cfGbf]ng rfxGYof] eg] dfwjs'df/ g]kfnsf] h:tf] d~rdf aa;]/ 6fpsfdf skmg jfw]sf] 3f]if0ff ug]{ x]fOg, /Qmkftk"0f{ cfGbf]ngdf klg kl5 x6\g] lyPg . km]l/ h'g ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngdf hgtfn] ck]Iff u/]h:tf] ;+3if{sf] 3f]if0ff klg ePsf] 5}g . olb hgtfn] ug]{ cfGbf]ng eP Anfscfp6, ;8shfdh:tf] geP/ dGqfnodf wgf{ k|wfgdGqL, tyf /fhb/af/df 1fkgkq lbg]h:tf sfo{qmdsf] 3f]if0ff ul/g' kb{Yof] .

– lh/L bf]nvf

;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] n'sfdf/L

cl:dtf If]qL

>L % sf] ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xL kIfaLr x'g] elgPsf] zflGt jftf{ ca Psfb]zsf] syf h:t} nfUg yfn]sf] 5 . Ps jif{ cl3 tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] sfo{sfndf klg jftf{df tLg r/0f;Dd ;l/s ePsf dfcf]jfbLx? cGTodf …xnf] c8\sfP/ uf]? r'6\g]Ú k|a[lQ eGb} PsfPs zflGtjftf{ e+u u/]/ cfqmd0fdf plqP klg o; k6ssf] zflGtjftf{df pgLx? g} a9L uDeL/ ePsf] b]lvG5 . jftf{sf nflu klxn] dfcf]jfbLs} tkm{af6 o'4lj/fdsf] rrf{ cfPsf] xf] / jftf{ 6f]nLsf] u7g cfrf/;+lxtf tyf cfkm\gf /fhgLlts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs h:tf ;a}vfn] dfu k|:tfj ;fj{hlgs ug]{df klg dfcf]jfbL cu|:yfgdf g} /x]sf] kfOG5 t/ ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 b]z / hgtfsf] nflu hlt kxn x'g'kg]{ xf] Tof] ePsf] 5}g a? ljb|f]xL kIf ;+j]bgzLn x'“bf klg ;/sf/ cfkm}df cNdln/x]sf] cfef; x'G5 . cem, dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf k|:tfj k]z u/]sf] Ps ;ftfeGbf a9L ;do ljTbf klg ;/sf/sf] cflwsfl/s wf/0ff aflx/ cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g of] cfkm}+df b'MvnfUbf] s'/f xf]Og / < To;f] xf]Og eg] o'4lj/fd ePsf] tLg dlxgf eGbf nfdf] ;do ljlt;Sbf lsg cem} jftf{ x'g g;s]sf] t < o;n] st} dfcf]jfbL k'gM h+undf kms{g] t xf]Ogg\ <

– x]6f}+8f,  dsjfgk'/

hyfefjL k;n /fVgfn] hufPsf] lrGtf

afa'/fd sfsL{

/fhwfgLsf] d'6' dflgg] c;g, OGb|rf]s, lvrfkf]v/L /Tgkfs{ nufotsf 7fp“x?df cfhsn lgw{Ss ?kdf ;8ssf k]6Lx?df k;n /fv]sf] b]lvG5 . o:tf k;nx?n] k}bn ofqLsf] cfudgdf k|ToIf ?kdf c;/ k'¥ofO/x]sf] 5 . o;/L k}bn ofqLsf]  cfudgdf jfwf cj/f]w v8f ePkl5 ofqLx? d"n;8sdf g} k'u]/ lx+8\g' kg]{ x'G5 . o;sf/0f b'3{6gf, eL8 a9]sf] 5 . o; ljifodf ;DalGwt lgsfo Tolt rgfvf] ePsf] kfOGg . dxfgu/kflnsfn] s]xL gu/ ;'/IffsdL{x? /fv]/ s]jn k;n /fVg]x?nfO{ nv]6\g] u/]sf] 5 . t/, o;/L b}lgs uf]7fnf] nfu]/ jf nv]6]/ ;d:of bL3{sfnLg?kdf ;dfwfg x'g ;Sb}g . km]l/ o;/L ;8ssf] 5]p5fpdf k;n /fVg] eg]sf] lgDg cfo;|f]t ePsf dflg;x? g} x'g\ . To:tfnfO{ ;/sf/n] nv]6\g', b'Mv lbg' eGbf plrt Joj:yf u/L s'g} lglZrt :yfgdf k;n /fVg lbP/ ;dfwfg ug]{ kxn ubf{ /fd|f] xf]nf . dfkb08 g} gagfP/ pgLx?nfO{ v]b\g ldNb}g . clxn] gu/ k|x/Lx?sf] rlt{snf x]g]{ xf] eg] t afv|fnfO{ 3f“; b]vfP/ afWg vf]h]sf] h:tf] :ki6 b]lvG5 . lsgeg] olb tL :yfgx?df ;w}+ k;n /fVg glbg] klg u/]sf] 5}g / /fv]df gu/ k|x/Ln] vf];]/ nfg] u/]sf] 5 .

– OGb|rf]s sf7df8f}+

udL{ofd;“u} r9]sf] km];g

s[i0f ltldlN;gf

hlthlt tfkqmd a9\b}5, Tolt g} cfw'lgs / ;Eo dflgg] /fhwfgLdf km];gsf] gfddf ljs[lt j9\g yfn]sf] 5 . ;do cg';f/ j}1flgstf tyf cfw'lgstftkm{ 9Nsg' cfkm}+df g/fd|f] xf]Og t/ clt/l~ht eP/ lx+8\g' rflx+ cfw'lgstfsf] gfd a]r]/ ul/g] pkxf; xf] . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df x]g]{ xf] eg] k'?ifk|wfg ePs} sf/0f dlxnfx? w]/}h;f] 7fp“df zf]lift 5g\, t/ /fhwfgLdf a9]sf] km];g ljs[lt eg] pgLx? cu|k+lStdf k5{g\ . hf8f] df};d ;lsg kfp“bf gkfp“b} /fhwfgLsf dlxnfx? udL{sf] axfgf agfO{ cw{gUg eP/ lx+8\g] ub{5g\ . ljb]zL Rofgnx?df b]vfOPsf] km];g b'O{ lbgdf g} g]kfnL ahf/df 5\of;5\of:tL b]Vg kfOG5 . o'/f]lkog d'n'sx?df b]lvg] dlxnf km];g, ;+j]bgzLn c+ux? k|bz{g ul/g] sk8fx? nufpg /fhwfgLsf o'jtLx? clnslt klg lxrlsrfp“b}gg\ . x/]s kIfdf k5fl8 k/]sf dlxnfx? af}l4s k|bz{g, l;h{gfTds sfo{, ;fxl;s h:tf sfddf k5fl8 k/] klg km];gdf eg] gof“kg lemS5g\ / cGo a]nf k|lt:kwf{ gu/] klg km];gdf eg] h] h:tf] eg] kl5 x6\b}gg\ . o;/L cZnLn eP/ lx+8\g] a'l4, l;h{gfTds sfo{df nfu] s:tf] x'GYof] < ;b\a'l4, lkm/f];\ .

– gof“jfg]Zj/, sf7df8f}+

kl/qmdf
OlGb|oM zf;s xf]Og ;]js xf]

g/]Gb|gfy e§/fO{

xfd|f OlGb|ox? xfd|f ;]jf ug{sf] nflu /flvPsf x'g\ g ls xfdLnfO{ zf;g ug{ .

Pslbg Pshgf ;Gtn] r]nfx?nfO{ lnP/ ufp“sf] e|d0fdf lgSng'eof] . hf“bf–hf“bf af6f]sf] 5]pdf Pp6f gbLsf] lsgf/fdf Pshgf dflg; aN5L xfn]/ klv{/x]sf] b]v]/ To;}sf] glur} uP/ ;a} a;] . Ps}l5gdf Pp6f 7"nf] df5f] aN5Laf6 aflx/ tfg]/ Tof] dflg;n] cfkm\gf] y}nf]leq xfNof] . r]nfx? klg b[Zo x]l//x]sf lyP . ;Gtn] eGg'eof], …x]/ afa' xf] † Pp6f OlGb|o …lha|f]Ú :jfbsf] kl5nfUbf Tof] df5f]sf] Tof] xljut eof] . o;af6 lzIff lnP/ ltdLx?n] klg ca :jfbsf] kl5 cGwfw'Gb nfUg' ePg . ;f“em ufp“sf] Pp6f 3/df af; k¥of] . /ft k/]kl5 Toxf“ kfg; aflnPsf] lyof] . kfg;sf] k|sfzsf] ;xfotfn] ;j}hgf ;'Tg] t/v/df nfu]sf lyP . To;}a]nf Pp6f k'tnL em\ofnaf6 sf]7fdf k;]/ 3'Dg yfNof] . Ps b'O{ kmGsf 3'ld;s]/ Tof] k'tnL kfg;sf] aQLdf a:g k'Uof] . Toxf“ kg]{ lalQs} 89]/ d¥of] † ;a} x]l//x]sf lyP . To;} avt csf]{ k'tnL cfP/ To:t} u¥of] . Tof] b]vfp“b} ;Gtn] eGg'eof], …x]/ afa' xf] † lemlnldnL x]g{ vf]Hg] cf“vf OGb|Losf] cf1f dfGbf oL k'tnLn] k|f0f u'dfP . o;}u/L ltdLx?n] klg s'/f a'em]/ of] OlGb|osf] kl5 gnfu .

ef]lnkN6 h+unsf] af6f]af6 lx+8\b} lyP Pp6f lzsf/L 3G6L af“lwPsf] Pp6f lzsf/L s's'/nfO{ ;fydf lnP/ cl3 a9\b} uPsf] b]v] . s's'/ h+unleq k:of] . lzsf/L kl5–kl5 uof] . Ps}l5gdf Pp6f d[u df/]/ lzsf/Ln] l3;fb}{ NofPsf] ;a}n] b]v] . To;avt ;Gtn] km]l/ r]nfx?nfO{ eGg'eof], …x]/ afa' xf] † sfg OlGb|osf] kl5 nfUbf of] d[un] kfPsf] kmn †Ú s;/L < egL ;f]4f dxfTdfn] eGg'eof], …s's'/sf] 3f“6Lsf] 306Lsf] cfjfhdf /dfP/ Tof] ;'Gg plePsf] d[u ;lhn};“u lzsf/Lsf] af“0fsf] km]nf k¥of] . sfg OlGb|osf] kl5 nfUbf o:t} xljut x'G5 eGg] s'/f /fd|/L a'em .Ú lx+8\b} lyP, ;f“em kg{ kg{ nfu]sf] dfq lyof] . Pp6f r]nfn] kf]v/Lsf] sdnsf] km"nleq al;/x]sf ed/fnfO{ b]v]/ u'?nfO{ k|Zg u/], …xf]Og u'?b]j † sdnsf km"n aGb x'g] a]nf e};Sbf klg oL ed/fx?leq} al;/x]sf 5g\ <Ú olt s] ;f]w]sf dfq lyP, ;f“em k¥of], ;"o{ 8'a], sdnsf km"nsf kQfx? v'lDrb} uP/ aGb eP † u'?n] eGg'eof], …ca ef]ln laxfg cfP/ x]/ s] x'G5 .Ú

ef]lnkN6 laxfg ;a]/} r]nfx? cfP/ k/}af6 b]V5g\ t xfQLx? cfP/ tL aGb sdnsf km"n 8f“7;lxt rkfp“b} vfO/x]sf † u'?n] ta eGg'eof], b]Vof}+ < uGw OlGb|osf] a;df kbf{ ed/fnfO{ ePsf] cj:yf < sdnsf] uGwdf d'Uw eP/ /x“bf sdnleq} /ftel/ ToxL y'lgg' k¥of] clg laxfg} d[To'df k'Ug' k¥of] .Ú s'6Ltkm{ kms{b} lyP Pshgf dflg;n] af6f]df pxf“x?nfO{ /f]Sb} eg], …Ps}l5g ptf ghfg';\ xfdL xfQL kqmg 3/ kfn'jf 9f]O{ -kf]yL xfQL_ nfO{ k7fPsf 5f}+ . pm x]g'{;\ t 9f]O{n] s;/L dQfsf] v'§f / 3f“6Ldf 8f]/f] d:sfO/x]5] †Ú eg] . ;a} hgf Tof] b[Zo x]b}{ lyP . dQf rflx+ dbd:t eP/ 9f]O{;“u cf“u bNb} lyof] 9f]O{ rflx+ 8f]/L af“Wgdf Ao:t lyO{ . Tof] b[Zo b]vfp“b} r]nfx?nfO{ dxfTdfn] eGg'[eof], …b]Vof} afa' xf] † :k;{ OlGb|osf] kl5 nfUbf Tof] dQfsf] b'b{zf †Ú olt dfq s] eGg' ePsf] lyof] dQf xfQL 9lnxfNof] . dfx't]x? uP/ s;sf; u/]/ dQfdfly r9]/ ;'O/f] a~r/f] k|xf/ ub}{ tx nufpg nfu] † dQf ?“b} s/fp“b} efUg u¥of] t/ alnof] 8f]/Ln] af“lwPsf]n]  ;s]g . /utfDo eP/ b'Mv / bb{n] ubf{ afWo eP/ s]xL lbg d} dfx't]sf] cf1fkfng ug{ yfNof] . o;/L sfd]lGb|osf] jzdf kbf{ h+unsf] /fhf l;+x ;d]tnfO{ ysf{P/ a:g] xfQL hLjge/ ef/L / dflg; af]Sb} /xg' k¥of] . Pp6f dfq OlGb|o dflns x'“bf t To:tf] ljhf]u x'G5 eg] dflg; t kf“r} OlGb|onfO{ dflns dfg]/ logs} cf1f kfngdf, logs} dgf]/yk"0f{ ug{df x/avt ;+nUg x'G5g\ eg] dflg;sf] hLjg bzf lrGtfk"0f{, ljiffb\k"0f{ x'gdf s] cf>o{ †  

kfOGg nf]stGq x6fpg

       á jfdb]j kl08t

dfcf]jfbLx? ;fy jftf{ ug{ egL ca .

;Qfaf6 aGof] 6f]nL, ca s] x'G5 jf:tj ..

c;L lbg latfP/ 6f]nL kf] aGg uf] t/ .

a;]sf 5g\ e} w}o{ dfcf]jfbL lg/Gt/ ..

s'6]em}+ ub{5' d}n] t}n] /f]P ;/L u/L .

b]vfO{ ;jdf a:g' 5fn k/]/ a];/L

n]v]Yof] oL s'/f ;f/f klxn] g} ljdz{n] .

gf6s ca b]Vg] ef] /f]rs gj jif{n]

b'O{ aGb's oL ldNbf zflGt xf];\ 5 k|fy{gf .

k|hftGq lgdf]7]/ df:g] kf] 5 ls efjgf

va/ u/ of] ug{  lbb}gf}+ aGb's] ;'g .

zflGt eg]/ kfOGg nf]stGq x6fpg ..

k|ltWjlg

dfcf]jfbLsf] Jojxf/ oyfjt 5

dfcf]jfbLx?sf] nfdf] / jj{/tfk"0f{ cfGbf]ngkl5 ePsf] o'4lj/fd rf“8} ljlylng] xf] ls eGg] z+sf pTkGg ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL b'j} kIf jftf{k|lt Odfgbf/ b]lv+b}gg\ . dfcf]jfbLx?n] aGb's k8\sfpg dfq 5f]8]sf x'g\, pgLx?sf c? lqmofsnfk oyfjt\ 5 . ufp“–ufp“df pgLx? hgtfnfO{ t;f{pg], rGbfsf] gfddf gub / lhG;L hah{:tL n'6\g], …b]zdf xfd|} ;Qf 5, ltdLx? xfd|} cwLgdf 5f}+ / xfd|f] cfb]z dfGg}k5{Ú egL cft+lst ug]{ sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/ cem} lg/Lx 5, sdhf]/ 5 . ;b/d'sfdafx]s cGt ;/sf/sf] cl:tTj 5}g . ;/sf/;“u dfcf]jfbLnfO{ k6Ss} 8/ 5}g . t/ k|zf;gsf] /a}of p:t} 5 . pgLx? vf;u/L ;]gf / k|x/Lx? lgb]{zg kfpgf;fy dfcf]jfbLdfly xdnf ug]{ bfpdf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLk|lt ;}lgsx? s7f]/ g} 5g\ . o'4lj/fdsf] olt ;do ljTbf klg tgfj sfod /x]sf]df cGof}n / lrGtf a9]sf] 5 . s]Gb|df a:g]x?n] o;tkm{ Wofg lbpg\ . klqsfn] zflGt jftf{ ;kmn x'g] cfzf hgfP klg hgtfnfO{ z+sf 5 .

– g/f]Qd sfsL{, rl/sf]6

xtf/ gug'{;\

gof“ sn]j/df k|sflzt x'g] ldlt yfxf kfp“bf v'zL nfUof] . xfdL t Ps b'O{ dlxgf tof/Ldf nfUnf eGg] ;f]r]sf lyof}+ . /+uLgdf lgoldt @$ k[i7sf] klqsf k|:t't ug{ cjZo ;lhnf] gxf]nf . t/ h]7 ( ut] t cfpg nflu xfNof] lg . o;/L xtf/ ubf{ :t/ lug]{ t x}g < a? s]xL l9nf xf];\, …ljdz{Ú sf] :t/ rflx+ glu/f];\ . xfd|f] z'e]R5f 5 . k|tLIff 5 .

– bfdf]b/ l3ld/], lrtjg

;f;{ ;d:ofaf/] Ps ;'emfj

;do ;dodf ;+;f/df ljleGg k|sf/sf ljklQx? cfpg] ub{5g\ . æ;f;{Æ gfds /f]u Pp6f o:t} ljklQ xf] . g]kfndf dfcf]jfbL cft+sn] ubf{ pTkGg ePsf] lrGtf / cd]l/sfn] O/fsdf u/]sf] xdnfn] ;[hgf u/]sf] cfqmf]z ;dfKt gx'“b} of] /f]usf sf/0f yk qf; km}lnPsf] 5 . ;f;{ Pp6f dxfdf/Lsf] ?kdf km}lnPsf] 5 . x'g t g]kfndf clxn];Dd o;n] k|j]z kfPsf] 5}g, t/ s'g} klg a]nf Tof] ;+qmfds /f]usf ls6f0f'n] xfdLnfO{ klg u|:t gkfnf{ eGg ;lsGg . o:tf] /f]usf] pTklQsf] Pp6f ;|f]t kmf]x/ d}nf, 9n, gfnL cflb /x]sf] s'/f k|sfzdf cfPsf] 5 . To;}n] aflx/af6 lelqg] af6f]x?df lgu/fgL / lgoGq0f ug'{sf ;fy} cfGtl/s ?kdf klg sbd rfNg' cfjZos 5 . o;sf] pkrf/sf] tof/Lsf nflu ;/sf/ ;r]t ePsf] dx;'; x'G5, t/ c:ktfnx?sf] tof/L dfq kof{Kt x'“b}g . pkrf/ x'“b}df la/fdL af“Rg ;Qm}gg\ . To;}n] o;af/] gful/sx?df Jofks k|rf/sf] vf“rf] 5 . t/ k|rf/ / ;dfrf/sf] gfddf dflg;nfO{ cft+lst / eoeLt kfg]{ k|sf/sf] k|rf/ rflx+ x'g'x'“b}g . k|dfl0ft ;"rgf / ;dfrf/ dfq k|jflxt xf];\ .

– sNof0f k|wfg, 7d]n 

aGb g} ;dfwfg xf] t <

j}zfv dlxgf cfwf dfq ljTof] . o;aLrdf pkTosf / clw/fHoJofkL ?kdf rf/ k6s jGb eO;s]sf] 5 . cfwf dlxgfdf g} ul/Psf] rf}yf]k6ssf] jGb Tolt k|efjsf/L ePsf] kfOPg . lghL tyf ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwg;d]t cf+lzs ?kdf rnfOof] . d"n ;8sb]lv leqL af6f]df k;nx? v'Nnf lyP . cyf{t\ aGb lbgk|lt lgik|efjL aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 . ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?n] nfdf] ;dob]lv ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] cfGbf]ngsf] >[+vnfj4 sfo{qmddWo] Ps xf] of] kl5Nnf] g]kfn aGb . t/ Ps lbg aGbsf] cfof]hgf u/]/ pgLx?n] bf];|f] lbgsf] aGb lkmtf{ lnP . lsgeg] !^ ut] b]lv g} s]xL ljifodf k/LIff ;~rfng x'“b}lyof] . cyf{t\ k/LIffyL{x?nfO{ c;'ljwf xf];\ eg]/ pgLx?n] cfGbf]ng lkmtf{ lnP . t/ dfcf]jfbL lg8/ ljBfyL{ ;+u7g cfÎgf] cfGbf]ng hf/L /fVof] . p;n] g k/LIffyL{sf] kjf{x u¥of] g d'n'ssf] . ljBfyL{ xslxt, lzIffsf] :t/ ;'wfg]{ 7"nf–7"nf s'/f ug]{ dfcf]jfbLx?n] zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLlts cEof; ;'? ug]{ k|of; gufbf{ hgtfn] s8f kL8f ;xg' k/]sf] 5 . s]xL jif{ cl3 Pdfn]n] kf“r lbg;Dd g]kfn aGb ubf{ To;sf] s8f k|lt/f]w ul/Psf] lyof], cj klg ToxL l:ylt gcfpnf eGg ;lsGg .

– gf/fo0f a'9fdu/
;t'+un, sf7df8f}+

clen]v

a[xt\ zflGtk"0f{ ;+o'Qm hg–cfGbf]ng cfrf/;+lxtf @)^)

lj3l6t k|ltlglw;efdf /x]sf /fhgLlts bnx?sf] @)%( ;fn kmfu'g @* ut] a;]sf] ;j{bnLo a}7sn] kfl/t u/]sf] zflGtk"0f{ ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] b[li6sf]0f / cjwf/0ff ;DaGwL cfwf/kqdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd lgDg lnlvt æa[xt\ zflGtk"0f{ ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] cfrf/;+lxtf @)^)Æ hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .

!=         a[xt\ zflGtk"0f{ ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ng -o;kZrft æ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngÆ egL pNn]lvt_ zflGtk"0f{ x'g]5 / k|:t't cfrf/;+lxtf cg'?k ;~rflnt x'g]5 .

@=         ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] cfwf/ æzflGtk"0f{ hg;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] b[li6sf]0f / cjwf/0ffÆ ;DaGwL cfwf/kq x'g]5 .

#=         ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ng ;j{bnLo a}7ssf] lg0f{o tyf lgb]{zg adf]lhd ;~rflnt x'g]5 .

$=         ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{qmdx? ;j{bnLo a}7såf/f lgl0f{t / k"j{ lgwf{l/t x'g]5g\ .

%=         ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ ;j{bnLo a}7ssf] lg0f{o adf]lhd km]/jbn ug{ ;lsg]5 .

^=         zflGtk"0f{ ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] b[li6sf]0f / cjwf/0ff ;DaGwL cfwf/kqdf pNn]lvt hgcfGbf]ngsf] nIo tyf :j?k / k|:t't cfrf/;+lxtf;“u ;xdt ;a} /fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh, cfd hg;d'bfo tyf JolQm hgcfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL x'g ;Sg]5g\ .

&=         ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ng ;~rfng eO/x]sf] cjlwdf ;xefuL /fhgLlts bnx?sf] hgcfGbf]ng ;DaGwL cfkm\gf] 5'§} ljz]if sfo{qmd x'g ;S5 / o:tf sfo{qmdx? /fhgLlts bnx?;“usf] k/:k/ ;xof]u tyf ;dy{gdf ;~rflnt x'g klg ;S5g\ . t/ ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL /fhgLlts bnx?n] ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngnfO{ g} k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{5 .

*=         ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL /fhgLlts bnx?n] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf Ps csf{sf] cfnf]rgf ug]{ 5}gg .

(=         ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL /fhgLlts bnx?aLr s'g} ljjfb pTkGg ePdf ;j{bnLo a}7saf6 6'+uf] nufOg]5 .

!)=        ;j{bnLo a}7ssf] lg0f{oaf6 cfrf/;+lxtfdf yk36 ug{ ;lsg]5 .

!!=        ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff;“u} of] cfrf/;+lxtf tTsfn nfu" x'g]5 .

;ftfsf] :j/

d ax'bnLo k|hftGq / ;+j}wflgs :jtGqtfk|lt k|lta4 5' . oxL s'/f d}n] lj/f6gu/df klg eg]+, wgu9Ldf klg eg]+ t/ cem}+ lsg of] ld;cG8/:6\oflG8ª <

– >L % 1fg]Gb|  

xfdLn] rfx]sf] /fhgLlts k|0ffnLsf af/]df xfdL :ki6 5f}+— k|hftflGqs, ax'bnLo / g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq . dfgj clwsf/, dlxnf / k'?ifsf] ;Ddfg ug]{ ;/sf/ / e|i6frf/sf] dfqfnfO{ Go"gtd\ kfg{;Sg] / hgtfdf ;]jf k'¥ofpg ;Ifd ;/sf/ :yfkgf xf];\ eGg] xfdL rfxG5f}+ .

– dfOsn O{= dflngf]:sL

of] ;ftf

j}zfv !* ut] laxLaf/

r pRr:t/Lo ;DklQ Goflos hf“ra'em cfof]usf] k|ltj]bg cfjZos sf/jfxLsf nflu clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]unfO{ k|bfg .

r ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf] ljb]z ljefuåf/f g]\kfn sfDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ nfO{ cGo cft+ssf/Lsf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z .

j}zfv !( ut]

r >L % j8fdxf/fgL sf]dn /fHonIdL b]jL zfxaf6 ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\sf ;+:yfks cWoIf :juL{o >L % P]Zjo{ /fHonIdL b]jL zfxsf] ;flns cgfj/0f .

r k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbåf/f b]zjf;Lsf gfddf ;Daf]wg .

j}zfv @) ut]

r ;f;{ /f]usf sf/0f zfxL g]kfn afo';]jf lgudn] j}zfv @& ut]b]lv sf7df8f}+ xªsªsf cfkm\gf ;Dk"0f{ p8fg Ps dlxgfsf nflu aGb ug]{ hfgsf/L .

r ljZj k|]; :jtGqtf lbj;sf] pknIodf g]kfnu~rsf &$ jifL{o kqsf/ kGgfnfn u'Ktf k|]; :jtGqtf ;]gfgLsf] ?kdf ;Ddflgt .

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r d'n'ssf kf“r ;+;b\jfbL bn, g]kfnL sf+u|]; g]skf -Pdfn]_, hgdf]rf{ g]kfn, ;b\efjgf -cfgGbLb]jL kIf_ / g]dlskfåf/f !* c;f]hsf] k|ltufdL sbdsf] lj?4df hgcfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff .

r >L % o'j/fhlw/fh kf/; jL/ljqmd zfxb]j cWoog e|d0fsf] l;nl;nfdf yfONofG8tkm{ k|:yfg .

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r dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;b:o /fdaxfb'/ yfkf -jfbn_ åf/f kf“r ;+;b\jfbL bnsf] cfGbf]ngk|lt dfcf]jfbLsf] ;dy{g /x]sf] wf/0ff JoQm .

r;ft jif{sf] dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf qmddf aGbL agfOPsf tyf j]kQf agfOPsf JolQmx?sf] cj:yf ljifodf hfgsf/L lng cGt/f{li6«o /]8qm; / 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{aLr s'/fsfgL .

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r ;/sf/n] k"j{ k|wfgdGqL / u[xdGqLx?nfO{ ;'ljwfsf ?kdf pknAw u/fp“b} cfPsf] uf8L / lghL ;'/Iffuf8{sf] ;'ljwf ;dfKt .

r cfufdL cfOtaf/ ;'? x'g] elgPsf] g]kfn–e'6fg rf}wf}+ r/0fsf] jftf{ h]7 % ut] ug]{ lg0f{o .

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r g]kfnsf nflu kfls:tfgsf /fhb"t cqmdåf/f ;fs{sf] :ylut !@ cf}+ lzv/ ;Dd]ng o;}jif{leq x'g] hfgsf/L .

r g]kfn–e'6fg ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f 6f]nL v'b'gfaf/L lzlj/sf !@ xhf/ (^ z/0ffyL{ juL{s/0f sfo{ k"/f u/L g]kfnL 6f]nL :jb]z lkmtf{ .