Kathmandu, Mangshir 22, 2062.

gof+ w||'jLs/0fn] b/af/leq 56k6L

sf7df8f}+ . d+l;/ dlxgf;+u} ;'? ePsf] b]zJofkL hgk|bz{gsf sf/0f b/af/leq Jofks 56k6L / ;+s6 ;'? ePsf] 5 . bnx?sf] kIfdf hgtf 5}gg\ eg]/ ul/Psf] ldYof k|rf/sf] Jojxf/af6} hjfkm kfPkl5 lg?Ql/t ePsf b/afl/ofx? k|rf/sf] gof+ pkfosf] vf]hLdf nfu]sf 5g\ .

d+l;/sf] klxnf] ;ftf a'6jnaf6 ;'? ePsf] hgk|bz{gn] g]kfnL /fhgLltdf gof+ t/+u pTkGg u/]sf] 5 . hgtfsf] zflGtk"j{s e]nf x'g kfpg] ;+ljwfgk|bQ gful/s xsdfly cfqmd0f ub}{ zfxL ;/sf/ lgn{Hhtfk"j{s bdgdf plqbf klg hgtf h;/L k|bz{gdf plqPsf 5g\, To;n] hgtfdf sf] slt nf]slk|o 5 eGg] P]gf b]vfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L 9's'6Lsf] Jofks b'?kof]u ub}{ ;]gf, k|x/L / k|zf;gsf] e/df /fhfsf] slyt clegGbgdf eL8 h'6fP/ hg;dy{gsf] u'8\8L xf+Sg] u/]sf b/afl/ofx?sf nflu Pdfn] / g]kfnL sf+u|];n] u/]sf a'6jn, kf]v/f, hgsk'/, lrtjg, sf7df8f}+ / lj/f6gu/sf hgk|bz{gx? d'vel/sf hjfkm x'g\ . Psflt/ /fhfjfbLx?n] ;Qfsf] Jofks b'?kof]u u/]/ Nofpg vf]Hbf klg gful/s cfp+b}gg\ eg] csf]{lt/ pgLx?n] /f]Sg vf]Hbf klg gful/sx? ;efdf gcfO{ 5f]8\b}gg\, h;n] /fhfjfbLx?sf] jf:tljs x}l;ot s] 5 eGg] k|:6 eO;s]sf] 5 . t/, lgn{Hhtfk"j{s /fhfsf] kIfdf hgtf 5g\ eg]/ pgLx?n] ug]{ bfaLnfO{ kl5Nnf hgk|bz{gx?n] unt ;fljt ul/lbPsf 5g\ .

hgtfsf] pn{+bf] e]nsf] ;fdgf s;/L ug]{ eGg]af/]df b/afl/ofx?s} aLrdf dtfGt/ pTkGg ePsf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 . /fhfsf] !) dlxgfsf] zf;g x]/]/ lg/fz ePsf / /fhtGq l6sf];\ eGg] rfxgf /fVg] b/afl/ofx?n] /fhfn] hgk|bz{gsf] cy{ a'em]/ bnx?;+u ;xsfo{sf] xft a9fpg'kg]{ wf/0ff /FVg yfn]sf 5g\ eg] s§/kGyL b/afl/ofx? dfcf]jfbLsf] gfddf bnsf sfo{stf{nfO{ ;d]t ql;t kf/]/ ;]gfsf] e/df k"0f{ ;}lgs zf;gsf] cEof; ug'{kg]{ ljgfzsf/L ljrf/ JoQm ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . hgk|bz{gsf sf/0f b/afl/ofx?sf aLr g} dtfGt/ b]lvPkl5 /fhfsf] l:ylt emg} vl:sPsf] / pgL yk sdhf]/ ePsf] l6Kk0fL x'g yfn]sf] 5 .

hgk|bz{gaf6 b/afl/ofx? slt cflQG5g\ eGg] s'/f pgLx?n] k|bz{g ljkmn agfpg v]n]sf vngfosLo e"ldsfaf6} a'lemG5 . ;efdf /Qmkft x'g], ad k8\lsg], skm{\o' nfUg], ;ef:yn lgif]lwt If]q 3f]lift ePsf], sfo{qmddf dfcf]jfbL 3";k}7 x'g]h:tf cg]s ckmjfx km}nfp+bf klg b/afl/ofx?sf] if8\oGq lr/]/ h;/L hgtf /fhgLlts ;efdf cfP, To;n] pgLx?sf] k|hftGqk|ltsf] c6n ljZjf;, b[9 k|lta4tf / bl/nf] ljZjf; cleJoQm x'G5 . kb, k};f / ;'ljwfsf] nf]edf /fhfsf] lg/+s'z sbdsf] ;dy{g ug]{ hgfwf/ljxLg tŒjsf nflu d+l;/ dlxgfel/ ePsf P]ltxfl;s k|bz{gx? vlkg;Sg' x'g' c:jfefljs xf]Og . /fhfsf] jl/kl/ 3'd]/ s'jfsf] Eofu'tf ag]sf ;Lldt b/afl/of / ;}lgs hg]{nx?sf] e|d oL k|bz{gx?n] tf]l8lbPsf] a'lemG5 .

hgk|bz{gsf] t/+uaf6 cft+lst x'g]dWo]sf] Ps zlQm zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf xf] eGg] s'/f k|wfg;]gfklt Kof/h+u yfkfn] ;f]daf/ ;fj{hlgs u/]sf cleJolQmaf6 a'em\g ;lsG5 . s§/tfjfbL cg'bf/ kIfsf] k|ltlglwTj ub}{ pgn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ e8\sfP/ o'4lj/fdaf6 aflx/ lgsfNg vf]h]sf] k|:6} b]Vg ;lsG5 . cfkm"n] o'4lj/fd ug{ g;Sg] t/ o'4lj/fd ul//x]sf] kIfsf sdhf]/LnfO{ ;d]t p5fNg kl5 gkg]{ k|wfg;]gfkltsf] /j}ofn] b'lgof+nfO{ cfZro{rlst kf/]sf] 5 . ;ft bn / dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf] ;dembf/Lsf af/]df cf}krfl/s k|ltlqmof lbg c:jLsf/ u/] klg To;af6 ;]gf lgs} 8/fPsf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . zflGt sfod u/fpg] qmddf ljZjfl;nf] / dfGotfk|fKt cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfsf] ;'k/Lj]If0fnfO{ ;}4flGts ?kdf c:jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf ;]gf gePsf] hfgsf/x?sf] egfO 5 . zflGt sfod ug{ zflGt ;]gfdf lqmofzLn ;]gfn] s'g} xfntdf To:t} k|sf/sf] ;'k/Lj]If0fsf] lj/f]w ug{ gldNg] ePsf sf/0f df}gtf ;f+Wg'k/]sf] hfgsf/ ;|f]tsf] egfO 5 .

/fhf tLg ;ftf nfdf] ljb]z zo/af6 kms]{kl5 s]xL kl/jt{g xf]nf ls eGg] cfzfdf a;]sf b/afl/ofx? klg lg/fz x'g yfNb} ubf{ /fhfn] km]l/ k/fdz{ sf] k'/fg} z}nL ;'? u/]sf 5g\ . :jb]z kmls{+bf d'n'sdf zflGt sfod ePsf] jQmJo lbg] /fhfsf 5f]/f g} cfkm\gf] ;'/Iff gePsf] eGb} ef}tfl//x]sf 5g\ . /fhwfgLd} o'j/fhsft ;'/Iff x'g g;Sg] b]zsf b"/b/fhdf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ;'/Iff s;/L ePsf] xf]nf, ;lhn} cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . ;]gfnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o ;'k/Lj]If0fdf /fVg] bn–dfcf]jfbL ;dembf/Laf/] /fhfn] d'v vf]Ng ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . lsgeg], pgL :jod\ To:t} cGt/f{li6«o ;'k/Lj]If0fdf /x]sf] d'n's a'?G8Ldf cfkm\gf] ;]gfsf] sfd x]/]/ kms]{sf 5g\ .

;ft bn / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] ;dembf/Ln] Psflt/ g]kfnL /fhgLltnfO{ b'O{ w|'jdf af+8\g] k|lqmof ;'?jft u/]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ /fhfnfO{ Ph]G8fljxLg agfPsf] 5 . zflGtsf] af]qm] / vf]qmf] gf/f lbPsf /fhfnfO{ ;ft bnn] jf:tljs / d"t{ k|:tfj cufl8 ;f/]/ d'vel/sf] hjfkm lbPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL;+u n8]/ lhTg g;Sg] /fHosf nflu jftf{afx]s ;dfwfgsf] csf]{ s'g} ljsNk 5}g . o:tf] ;RrfOnfO{ lhDd]jf/Laf]wsf ;fy ;ft bnn] sfo{?k lb+bf h'g vfnsf] /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;dy{g b]lvPsf] 5, To;n] /fhfnfO{ ls+stJoljd"9, lg/Lx / PSnf] kf/]sf] 5 . Ps jif{ k'Ug} nfUbf zfxL sbdsf] s'g} If]qdf klg ;sf/fTds c;/ gkg'{ / nlIft p2]Zodf s'g} pknlAw xfl;n gx'g'n] /fhfsf] sbd d'n'ssf nflu sn+s, ef/ / cle;fkafx]s c? s]xL ;fljt ePsf] b]lv+b}g .

kf6L{x?sf kIfdf hgtf 5}gg\ eg]/ ;/sf/L ;~rf/dfWodaf6 lbgx'+ Wjlg k|b"if0f ug]{ b/afl/ofx?sf] hflu/ ca ;dfKt x'g] ;+s]t b]vf k/]sf] 5 . bnx?sf] kIfdf b]lvPsf] hg;fu/n] pgLx?sf] /f]huf/L DFfq aufPsf] 5}g, /fhfsf] ;Qf;d]t xNnfPsf] 5 . oxLaLrdf dfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf] PskIfLo o'4lj/fdsf] Psdlxg] lg/Gt/tfn] /fhfnfO{ yk hl6ntfdf ws]n]sf] 5 . /fhfsf] zflGtsf] gf/f gSsnL j}Bn] /f]uLnfO{ 7Ug] cf}iflwh:tf] k|of]hgxLg ;fljt ePsf] 5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf bnx?sf] cfx\jfgdf Pskl5 csf{ ;efdf pln{Psf] hg;xeflutfn] /fhfsf] jf:tljs l:ylt 5n{+u kf/]sf] 5 .

cfGbf]ng/t d'Vo bn g]skf -Pdfn]_ n] cfof]hgf u/]sf b]zJofkL ljzfn k|bz{gx?n] hgtfsf] h'emf?kgf / lgi7f km]l/ phfu/ u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L Pdfn]n] h:t} g]kfnL sf+u|];n] klg cfkm"n] ;s];Ddsf] zlQm k|bz{g u/]sf] 5 . Pdfn]n] hxf+hxf+ ;ef u¥of], :jtGq ;~rf/ dfWodx?n] ltgnfO{ df3 !( kl5sf 7"nf dfq xf]Og, g]kfnsf] Oltxf;d} cf}+nfdf uGg ;lsg] ;efx? ePsf] l6Kk0fL u/]sf 5g\ . t/, c? a]nfdf a/fa/ x}l;ot vf]Hg] cfGbf]ng/t af+sL kf+r bnn] lsg cfkm\g} a'tfsf] cfGbf]ngk|lt ?lr b]vfO/x]sf 5}gg\ eGg] k|Zg p7]sf] 5 . b/afl/ofsf] :j/df ldNg] u/L /fi6«jfbsf] :j/ p/fNg] g]dlskf, u0ftGqeGbf tnsf s'/} gug]{ hgdf]rf{, kf+r bnsf] df]rf{ ePsf] wfs nufpg] jfddf]rf{, g]kfnL sf+u|];s} xf/fxf/Ldf ;+u7g ePsf] bfaL ug]{ k|hftflGqs sf+u|]; / dw];sf] k|ltlglwTjsf] bfaL ug]{ ;b\efjgf -cfgGbLb]jL_ nfO{ cfkm\gf] ;+u7g kl/rfng ug{ s]n] /f]s]sf] 5 < To;}u/L ;z:q o'4 /f]s]/ a;]sf] dfcf]jfbLn] klg zflGtk"0f{ hgkl/rfngdf rf;f] b]vfPsf] 5}g . o'4lj/fdsf] cy{ zflGtk"0f{ hgkl/rfngsf] klg :yug xf]Og . Pdfn] / sf+u|];n] h:t} Jofks hgkl/rfng u/]/ b/afl/ofx?sf] ;ftf] / xf]; p8fpg] sfd tL bnx?n] klg ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .

o'j/fhsf] :jR5Gbtf

sf7df8f}+ . cfkm\gf] ;jf/Ldfly 9'+uf k|xf/ ePsf] lj/f]w hgfpg o'j/fh :jod\ k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no k'u]/ ;'/Iffsf] k|Zg p7fPsf]df cfZro{ dflgPsf] 5 .

pQm 36gf o'j/fh kf/;k|lt nlIft gePsf] tYo 3fdhlQs} 5n{¨ eO;s]sf] 5 . d08n]x?sf] cfqmd0fkZrft\ Pdfn]sf] hg;efaf6 kmls{Psf JolQmx?n] k|lt/f]w ubf{ s]xL 9'+uf o'j/fhsf] ;jf/Ldfly ;d]t nfu]sf] hgfOG5 . t/, o'j/fh :jod\ k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no k'u]/ cfkm\g} z}nLdf k|x/LnfO{ ;'/Iff gu/]sf] eGbf b/af/sf] ;Ldf / dof{bfcg'?k ePg ls < o; 9+un] :jod\ o'j/fh k|x/Lsxf+ k'Ug' slt dof{lbt eof] < eGg] k|Zgx? HjnGt ?kdf pl7/x]sf 5g\ .

ljutdf b/af/n] o:tf k|s/0fdf leGg Jojxf/ ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] . )$& ;fndf a8fdxf/fgL P]Zjo{sf] ;jf/Ldf o:t} k|xf/ ePsf] lyof]– kz'klt If]qdf . t/, pxf+ :jod\ k|x/Lsxf+ ph'/L ug{ k'u]sf] s;}nfO{ yfxf 5}g . en}, s;n] ;'lgof]lht ?kdf Tof] 36gf u/fPsf] lyof] eGg] ljjfb lg?k0f ePsf] 5}g .

o'j/fhsf] ;jf/L rnfp+bf af6f] lSno/ ePsf] ;Gb]z;Dd gklv{g' / 6«flkms hfddf kg'{nfO{ uPsf] z'qmaf/sf] csf]{ cfZro{hgs ;jf/L dflgPsf] 5 . hgtfsf] dfemdf x's]{÷a9]sf g]tfx? t o;/L :jod\ k|x/Lsxf+ k'u]sf] kfO+b}g eg] efjL /fhf :jod\ k|x/Lsxf+ k'uL emf]+s kf]Vg' slt zf]egLo eof] < k|x/L k|d'vnfO{ b/af/d} af]nfP/ ;f]wk'5 ug{ ;Dej lyPg t < o'j/fhnfO{ /fhsLo z}nL / Jojxf/sf] tflnd gk'u]sf] xf] jf pxf+ :jR5Gb eP/ o:tf lqmofsnfk eO/x]sf 5g\ < eGg] k|Zg pl7/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] l:yltdf ;'wf/ geP eljiodf cem} :j5Gbtf / c/fhstf a9\g] lglZrt 5 .

k'; @ ut] lj/f6gu/ hfcf}+

Pdfn]n] 5 ;x/df 7"nf hgk|bz{g ug]{

sf7df8f}+ . a'6jn, kf]v/f, hgsk'/ / sf7df8f}+df ljzfn ;efx? u/]/ pT;flxt ePsf] g]skf -Pdfn]_ n] yk ^ hg;efsf nflu Jofks tof/L cufl8 a9fPsf] 5 . tL ;efx?df nfvf}+ hgtfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg] of]hgf ;f] kf6L{ ;|f]tn] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .

cfp+bf] k'; @ ut] lj/f6gu/, * ut] afUn'ª, !) ut] g]kfnu~h, !@ ut] dx]Gb|gu/, @@ ut] jL/u~h / @# ut] lrtjgdf ljzfn k|bz{g / ;efx? ug]{ sfo{qmd Pdfn]n] to u/]sf] 5 . tL ;efx?nfO{ kf6L{sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnnufot jl/i7 g]tfx?n] ;Daf]wg ug]{ atfOPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L bdg / cj/f]w lrb}{ a'6jnaf6 Pdfn]n] ;'? u/]sf] cleofgn] clxn] d'n'sel/ g} ult lnPsf] 5 . Pskl5 csf]{ ;efdf pn]{sf] hgnx/n] Pdfn] k+lQmnfO{ lgs} pT;flxt agfPsf] 5 .

lj/f6gu/af6 k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/, nf]stflGqs hfu/0f cleofgsf] k"jf{~rn:t/Lo ;dfkg P]ltxfl;s gu/ lj/f6gu/sf] dx]Gb| df]/ª cfbz{ ax'd'vL SofDk;sf] k|fª\u0fdf ug]{ tof/L o'4:t/df eO/x]sf] 5 . sfo{qmdf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:ox? s]kL cf]nL, emngfy vgfn, jfdb]j uf}td, e/tdf]xg clwsf/L / czf]s /fO{n] ;Daf]wg ug]{ sf];L c~rn ;dGjo sld6Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . k"jf{~rn If]qLo ;dGjo sld6Lsf] ;+of]hgdf x'g] ;f] ;efdf emfkf, Onfd, df]/ª, ;'g;/L, ;Kt/L, l;/xf, pbok'/, wgs'6f, t]x|y'd, ;+v'jf;ef / ef]hk'/sf] blIf0fL efusf hgtfn] efu lng] hgfOPsf] 5 . a'6jn, kf]v/f, hgsk'/ / sf7df8f}+kl5 x'g nfu]sf] of] P]ltxfl;s ;ef hgtfsf] pkl:yltsf sf/0f lgs} eJo x'g] Pdfn] sf];Lsf ;lrj /fh]Gb| uf}tdn] atfpg'eof] . pxf+sf cg';f/ ;efsf] tof/Lsf nflu sf];L dftxtsf ^ j6} lhNnfx?df d+l;/ d;fGt;Dd nf]stflGqs hfu/0f cleofgnfO{ ;3g ?kdf cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 .

;'g;/Laf6 k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/ lhNnf sld6Ln] lhNnfnfO{ *& j6f PsfOdf ljefhg u/L @ ;o !$ pk|/]s kl/rfng u/]sf] 5 . kf+r} lgjf{rg If]qdf pk|]/s / ;+u7sx?aLrsf] cGtlq{mofTds k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . lhNnf, If]qLo, gu/, Onfsf / zfvf txsf of]hgf a}7sx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . ufp+ / gu/sf j8f txdf e]nfx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\, zfvfdf 3/b}nf] sfo{qmd ;DkGg eO/x]sf] 5 . d+l;/sf] clGtd xKtfdf ;a} xf6ahf/sf s]Gb|x?df h'n'; / ;ef x'+b}5g\ . Onfsf tyf gu/:t/Lo k}bn ofqf, ;fOsn ¥ofnL cfof]hgf eO/x]sf 5g\ .

To;}u/L df]/ªaf6 k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ ^% j6} uflj; / gu/sf @@ j6} j8fdf hg;efsf nflu Jofks tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . lhNnf, If]qLo, Onfsf, gu/, ufp+ / zfvf:t/Lo e]nfx?sf] cfof]hgf u/L k|rf/nfO{ tLj| kfl/Psf] 5 . :yfgLo:t/df sfo{stf{x? lj/f6gu/ hfcf}+ cleofg ;kmn kfg{ lbg/ft vl6/x]sf 5g\ . dflyNnf] sld6Lsf g]tfx?;d]t clxn] hgkl/rfngsf nflu v6]sf 5g\ .

wgs'6faf6 k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/ k'; @ ut] lj/f6gu/sf] ;efnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ k|rf/ tLj| kfl/Psf] 5 . ;efsf] tof/Ls} qmddf d+l;/ @% ut] lhNnfsf tLg If]qdf If]qLo ;efx? cfof]hgf ul/+b}5g\ . pQm lbg df/]s6x/]sf] ;efnfO{ /sd r]Dhf]ª, kflv|af;sf] ;efnfO{ /fh]Gb| uf}td / /fhf/fgLsf] ;efnfO{ u'? a/fnn] ;Daf]wg ug]{ atfOPsf] 5 .

cfh sf+u|];sf] ljzfn ;ef

eQmk'/ . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] nf]shfu/0f cleofgcGtu{t cfh eQmk'/sf] 6f}d9L, kf+rtn] dlGb/df ljzfn cfd;ef x'g] ePsf] 5 .

lrtjg / lj/f6gu/kl5 cfof]hgf x'g nfu]sf] pQm c~rn:t/Lo cfd;efsf] cfof]hgf g]kfnL sf+u|]; eQmk'/n] u/]sf] xf] . lbp+;f] ! ah] ;'? x'g] pQm ljzfn ;efnfO{ ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnufotsf jl/i7 sf+u|];L g]tfx?n] ;Daf]wg ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 . eQmk'/kl5 kl;{ d+l;/ @$ ut] kf]v/fdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] c~rn:t/Lo cfd;ef x'g] ;f] kf6L{n] hgfPsf] 5 .

v's'/L h'n'; M c;Eotfsf] k/fsfi7f

–k|lbk g]kfn

clxn] ;/sf/ ;~rfng ul//x]sf] s§/kGyL lu/f]xsf] ;+/If0fdf a;]sf d08n]x?n] zlgaf/sf] ;f+em sf7df8f}+sf] rqmkydf h]h:tf] tf08j dRrfP, To;n] lj:d[ltlt/ uO/x]sf] dfcf]jfbL cftÍnfO{ k'mRr] agfOlbof] . gf/fo0fuf]kfn rf]sdf xftdf lao/sf] af]tn xNnfp+b} ltgn] dfwj g]kfn / lul/hf sf]O/fnfsf lj/f]wdf æ=== ===rf]/ b]z 5f]8Æ sf] gf/f nufP . /S;Ln] dft]sf] Tof] hTyfn] afnfh'df Pdfn] sfof{no tf]8kmf]8 u¥of] / cd[t ;fOG; sn]hdf k9\g] P]gaxfb'/ du/nfO{ d/0ffGt x'g] u/L s'6lk6 u¥of] . cfttfoL u'08fx?n] s'6]/} ef+lrlbPsf] xftnfO{ ;2] agfpg sf7df8f}+ df]8]n c:ktfnsf 8fS6/x?n] cfOtaf/ lbgel/ ldlxg]t u/] . /fhfsf] gfp+df h}h}sf/ ub}{, t/af/ / v's'/L grfp+b} cl3 a9]sf] Tof] hTyfn] snÍL rf]sdf csf]{ tf08j dRrfof] . Pdfn] sfof{no v/fgL agfpg] 3f]if0ff ub}{ aNv'lt/ cl3 a9\g yfn]sf] Tof] hTyfnfO{ ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] Pp6f 6f]nLn] /f]Sg vf]h]sf] dfq} s] lyof]– ltgn] t/af/ k|xf/ u/]/ Ps hgf k|x/LnfO{ 3fOt] t'NofP .

;+of]u s:tf] /x\of] eg]– of] tf08j klg wtL{df /ft cf]ln{Pkl5 ;'? eof] / b'O{ 306f;Dd} rln/x\of] . clxn]sf] /fHo ;~rfnsx? lsg /ft dfq} vf]H5g\ < lsg ltgLx? lbp+;f]sf] pHofnf]df hgtf;fd' cg'xf/ b]vfpg ;Qm}gg\ <

dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfk"mnfO{ zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngsf] wf/df ;dflxt u/]kl5 cftÍsf] kof{o ag]sf] ;/sf/n] rfalxnb]lv snÍL;Dd z:q;lHht x'Nofxfx?sf] tf08j b]vfP/ sf7df8f}+ vfN8f] s;}sf nflu klg lg/fkb 5}g, ;'/lIft 5}g eGg] ;Gb]z lbPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf /fhfjfbLx?n] of] tf08jnfO{ s;/L lrlqt ug]{ x'g\, x]g{ af+sL g} 5 . t/, ca ;a}n] g]kfn vfN6f] cyf{t\ d'n'ssf] /fhwfgL 7u, rf]/ / 8f+sfaf6 dfq xf]Og, xltof/wf/L cftÍsf/Laf6 ;d]t c;'/lIft eof] eg]/ a'em] eof] . sf7df8f}+ ca zflGtlk|o / ;Eo gful/ssf nflu a:g gx'g] :yfgdf ?kfGtl/t eof] . s'g} lbg dfcf]jfbL cftÍsf sf/0f ufp+n]x? knfog x'g] uy]{ ufp+ ufp+af6 . x]b}{ hfg'xf]nf– Tof] knfogsf] qmd ca sf7df8f}+ pkTosfaf6 cf/De x'g]5 .

cftÍsf] /fhsf] cfTd/lt t lng;Snf s;}n] t/ cftÍn] clGtddf vfg] cfkm}+nfO{ xf] . zlgaf/sf] rqmky cftÍsf gf/f hf]sf]xLn] klg ;'g]sf 5g\ . tL gf/fx?n] /fhfsf] ;Ddfg a9fPsf 5}gg\ . bnsf g]tfx?sf] gfp+df nufOPsf] æ=== === rf]/ b]z 5f]8Æ gf/fn] tL g]tfx?sf] klg ckdfg u/]sf] 5}g . zlgaf/sf] cftÍn] g]kfndf /fhf / dGqLx?sf] houfg s:tfn] ubf{ /x]5g\ eGg] s'/f] 5n{Ë kf/]sf] 5 / o:tf] houfgn] /fhfsf] k|lti7fdf dfq} cf3ft k'¥ofPsf] 5 .

ljgf;sfn] ljk/Lt a'l4 eGg] Pp6f ;j{sflns cfxfg 5 g]kfndf . /fhfn] cfk"mnfO{ b]Vg], ;'Gg] / ug]{ PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] /fhf bfaL u/]sf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf of] tf08j b]v] b]v]gg\– Tof] ;j{;fwf/0fn] hfGg] s'/f] ePg . rqmky cftÍnfO{ /fhfn] b]v]sf], ;'g]sf] eP cjZo} s]xL u/]/ cfk"mnfO{ rf]Vofpnfg\ . x}g eg] lul/hf / dfwjsf] gfddf rf]/ ljZn]if0f nufpg] hTyf kn{Ss klN6P/ :jod\ /fhflt/} cfkm\gf] gf/f kmsf{pg klg a]/ nfp+b}g eGg] Uof/]G6L ug]{ g]kfndf sf] 5 <

zlgaf/ b]lvPsf] u'08fubL{sf] gsf/fTds kf6f] dfq} 5}g, To;sf] Pp6f kf6f] s] xf] eg] ;'/IffsdL{n] t/af/] lj/f]w z}nLk|lt lj/f]w hgfof] . snÍLrf]sdf To;n] x'Nofxf hTyfnfO{ /f]Sg vf]Hbf cfkm\g} ;xsdL{nfO{ 3fOt] t'NofPsf] x]g'{k¥of] eg] g]skf -Pdfn]_sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no tf]8kmf]8 gxf];\ egL aNv' rqmkydf ;'/Iffsf] 3]/faGbL u/]/ ;/fxgLo sfd klg u¥of] . ;'/IffsdL{sf] of] Jojxf/n] kSs} klg hgtf / :jod\ Pdfn]sf] ljzfn k+lQmsf] dg kufNg]5 .

u'08fubL{sf] xNnf rNg]lalQs}b]lv /ftL !! ah];Dd Pdfn]sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no ePsf] 7fp+ hLjGt /x\of] . P]Soa4tf hgfpg Toxf+ k'u]sf ;~rf/sdL{, dfgjclwsf/sdL{ tyf /fi6«;+3Lo cfof]usf lhDd]jf/sdL{x?n] /ftlj/ft s]xL gegL Pdfn]sf g]tf, sfo{stf{ / sfof{no sd{rf/L ;d"xsf] dgf]an pRrf /fVg ;xof]u u/] . cftÍsf/L hTyf cfkm\gf] ;'/lIft u'+8df u'8'lNsg gEofp+b} sf7df8f}+df k}mlnPsf] cftÍ klZrdL uf]nf4{sf] Go'of]s{df /x]sf] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3;Dd k'Uof] . /ft cf]ln{g yfn]kl5 sf7df8f+}sf ;8sdf c;'/Iffafx]s s]xL e]l6+b}g eGg] ;Gb]z Toxf+af6 ljZjel/ k}mlnof] .

/fhfsf ;Nnfxsf/x?nfO{ 36gf ;fgf]h:tf] nfUnf . t/, o;sf] c;/ slt uDeL/ 5 eGg] ;Tosf] 1fg ltgLx?n] ;do lalt;s]kl5 dfq kfpg]5g\ .

zflGtk"0f{ hg;efdf ;}lgs x:tIf]k

sf7df8f}+ . ;}lgs ansf cfwf/df l6s]sf] zfxL ;Qfn] zflGtk"0f{ sfo{qmddfly x:tIf]k ug]{ lhDdf ;]gfnfO{ lbPsf] 5 . t]x|y'd / ?s'ddf zflGtk"0f{ sfo{qmddfly cj/f]w k'¥ofp+b} ;]gfsf] g]t[Tjsf] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hn] cfkm\gf] dflnselQm k|bz{g u/]sf] 5 .

;ft bnn] ;b/d'sfdeGbf ^ lsnf]ld6/ 6f9fsf] lh/LlvDtLdf u/]sf] lj/f]w;efdf x:tIf]k u/L ;f]daf/ ;'/IffsdL{åf/f Pdfn] lhNnf ;lrj ejfgL vfk'ªnfO{ lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf t];|f] jQmfsf ?kdf /x]sf ;lrj vfk'ª af]Ng ;'? ugf{;fy ;}lgs–g]t[Tjsf] ;'/Iffkmf}hn] lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] lyof] . /fhfsf] c;+j}wflgs / lg/+s'z sbdsf lj?4 vfk'ªn] af]Ng yfNbf PsfPs sfo{qmddf ;'/Iffkmf}hn] cft+s dRrfPsf] lyof] . vfk'ªnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L ;b/d'sfd Dofªn'ªl:yt lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no k'¥ofOPsf] lyof] . cfGbf]ng/t bnx?sf] nuftf/sf] lj/f]w / bafakl5 pxf+nfO{ ;f+em ca]/ d'Qm ul/Psf] lyof] . pxf+nfO{ lsg lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf] xf] eGg]af/] :yfgLo k|zf;gn] s]xL gatfpg'n] ;]gfsf] of]hgfcg';f/ g} lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf] k'li6 ePsf] 5 . lgod, sfg'g / gful/s k|zf;geGbf dfly /x]sf] zfxL ;]gfn] dgk/L lu/km\tf/ ug]{ / oftgf lbg] Jojxf/ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L x:tIf]ksf sf/0f layf]lnPsf] ;ef Ps 306fkl5 ;'rf? ub}{ Pdfn] s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglw uf]kfn u'/fufO{+, t]x|y'dsf pk;lrj lszf]/rGb| b'nfn, sf+u|]; lhNnf ;efklt /fdgf/fo0f 9'+ufgf, k|hftflGqssf ;efklt uf]ljGb 9'+ufgfnufotsf g]tfx?n] ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;/sf/L bdgkl5 Dofªn'ªdf cfp+bf] d+l;/ @* ut] Pdfn]n] PSn} ;ef ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 .

?s'dsf] ;b/d'sfd d'l;sf]6df klg uPsf] d+l;/ !& ut] Pdfn]n] ug{ nfu]sf] ;efdf;]gfn] cj/f]w k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;]gfsf] bafadf cfd;ef x'g] lbg lhNnf k|zf;gn] ;b/d'sfdnfO{ lgif]lwt If]q 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . laxfg}b]lv ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hn] ;b/d'sfd k|j]zdf /f]s nufp+b} s8f vfgtnf;L / r]lsª u/]sf] lyof] . ;b/d'sfdsf rf/ If]qnfO{ gfsf tf]sL ;'/Iffkmf}hn] y'g5]s ;'? u/]sf] lyof] .

;/sf/L HofbtLkl5 ;b/sf] af3vf]/df Pdfn]n] ;fgbf/ ;ef ;DkGg u/]sf] lyof] . Pdfn] lhNnf sld6L ;b:o v]ddfg v8\sfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;efnfO{ :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o o'j/fh 1jfnL, /fKtL c~rn O~rfh{ k|sfz Hjfnf / ?s'dsf ;lrj z]/axfb'/ s];Ln] ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . b'O{ xhf/eGbf a9L hgtf ;xefuL ;f] ;ef To; If]qdf ePsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ePsf] k|fKt ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 .

/fHoåf/f u'08f kl/rfng M

Pdfn] sfof{nodf cfqmd0f k|of;sf] rf}tkmL{ lgGbf

sf7df8f}+ . /fhgLlts ?kdf lg/Lx / k/flht x'+b} uPsf] zfxL ;/sf/ u'08fubL{df cf]n]{sf] 5 . g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no tf]8kmf]8 ug]{ /fHo;+/lIft d08n]x?sf] xs{tsf] rf}tkmL{ lgGbf / eT;{gf ul/Psf] 5 .

Pdfn]n] u/]sf] b]zJofkL hgk|bz{gaf6 cQflnPsf] zfxL ;/sf/n] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no tf]8kmf]8 ug{ u/]sf] k|of; zlgaf/ ljkmn ePsf] lyof] . d+l;/ !& ut] gof+ afg]Zj/df cfof]lht ljzfn;efsf ;xefuLx?nfO{ d08n]n] pQ]lht kf/]kl5 ;'? ePsf] em8kdf o'j/fh kf/;sf] uf8L k/]sf] sf/0f b]vfp+b} pgLdfly ;xfg'e"lt /fVg] / cfkm"nfO{ o'j/fh kf/;sf ;fyL atfpg] u'08fx?n] zlgaf/ Pdfn] sfof{nodf cfqmd0f ug{ vf]h]sf lyP . To;sf lj?4 ljBfyL{x?n] s8f gf/fafhL / k|bz{g u/]sf 5g\ eg] /fhgLlts bn / ;+:yfx?n] To;sf] s8f zAbdf lgGbf / eT;{gf u/]sf 5g\ . Pdfn]n] gSsnL lgx'+ agfp+b} kf6L{ sfof{nodfly ug{ vf]lhPsf] cfqmd0fk|lt lj/f]w hgfPsf] 5 . afg]Zj/ 36gf;+u cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] gfd hf]8]/ xNnf rnfOPsf]df Pdfn]n] cfklQ hgfPsf] 5 . Pdfn] h] u5{, ;fj{hlgs 3f]if0ff u/]/ g} u5{– k"j{3f]lift zflGtk"0f{ lj/f]w k|bz{g / cfd;efafx]s cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] cGo s'g} of]hgf / sfo{qmd gePsf] :ki6 kfb}{ Pdfn]n] eg]sf] 5– t;y{, To;lbg afg]Zj/df 36]sf] 36gfdf xfd|f] kf6L{sf] s'g} ;+nUgtf 5}g . s]Gb|Lo sfof{no ;lrj sfzLgfy clwsf/Låf/f lxhf] hf/L lj1lKtdf ;f] 36gfnfO{ lnP/ lg/fwf/ xNnf grnfpg / lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf ;Dk"0f{ lgbf]{if gful/sx?nfO{ tTsfn l/xf ug{ hf]8bf/ dfu ul/Psf] 5 .

o;cl3 cfOtaf/ a;]sf] Pdfn] :yfoL ;ldltsf] cfsl:ds a}7sn] /fHo ;~rfng ug]{ clt blIf0fkGyL lu/f]xåf/f ;~rflnt / /fHoåf/f kf]lift Pjd\ ;+/lIft /fli6«o emG8f af]s]sf xltof/aGb d08n] ck/fwLx?sf] hTyf sf] cfqmd0f k|of;sf] s8f zAbdf eT;{gf u/]sf] lyof] . u'08fx?sf c/fhs / cfqmd0fsf/L ultljlw a]n}df lgoGq0f gu/] To;sf] ultnf] hjfkm ;8saf6} lbOg] / To;sf] lhDd]jf/L /fHokIfn] g} lng'kg]{ r]tfjgL Pdfn]n] lbPsf] lyof] .

zlgaf/ Pdfn] sfof{nodf cfqmd0f ug]{ ;fj{hlgs 3f]if0ffsf ;fy ;oeGbf a9L d08n] u'08fx? sn+sL;Dd cfPsf lyP . cfqmd0fsf] ;"rgf kfP/ /ftL cf7 ah] kf6L{ sfof{nodf cfwf 306fleq} kf+r ;oeGbf a9L g]tf, sfo{stf{ hDdf ePkl5 pgLx? ToxL+af6 kms]{sf lyP . aNv'l:yt Pdfn] sfof{notkm{ hfg] af6f]df !% eGbf a9L uf8Ldf cfPsf ;]gf, ;z:q / hgkb k|x/L cf]ln{Psf lyP . sfof{nosf] /Iffsf nflu Pdfn] s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s[i0fuf]kfn >]i7sf] g]t[Tjdf efg'eQm 9sfn, of]u]z e§/fO{, ?kgf/fo0f >]i7nufotsf o'jf g]tfx? tTsfn} sfof{nodf k'Ug'ePsf] lyof] eg] s]xLa]/d} kf6L{sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:oåo emngfy vgfn / jfdb]j uf}td, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /fh]Gb|k|;fb kf08], cg'zf;g ;efklt j]b'/fd e';fn, o'jf;+3 cWoIf uf]s0f{ lji6nufotsf g]tfx? k'Ug'ePsf] lyof] . sfof{ndf cfqmd0f x'g nfu]sf] va/ yfxf kfP/ /fi6«;+3Lo dfgjclwsf/ pRrfo'Qmsf] g]kfnl:yt sfof{nosf k|ltlglw, dfgjclwsf/sdL{ uf}/L k|wfg, ;'jf]w Kofs'/]n, uf]kfn l;jfsf]6L lrGtg, s'Gbg cof{n, r/0f k|;fO{+nufot klg Toxf+ k'Ug'ePsf] lyof] .

Pdfn] sfof{nodf cfqmd0f ug{ cfPsf] d08n]x?sf] ;d"xn] sn+sLdf Pdfn] / dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnsf lj?4 gf/fafhL u/]sf] lyof] . afg]Zj/df e]nf eP/ gzfn] n6\7 k/]sf] ;f] ;d"xn] o'j/fhsf] kIfdf klg gf/fafhL u/]sf] lyof] . @) uf8L / #%–$) j6f df]6/;fOsndf cfPsf] ;f] 6f]nLsf k|To]s u'08f;+u v's'/L, r]gh:tf 3fts xltof/x? /x]sf] k|ToIfbzL{x?n] atfPsf 5g\ . sn+sLdf pgLx?n] u/]sf] gf/fafhL / u'08fubL{sf] Ps dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+:yfn] lel8of] klg lvr]sf] 5 .

;f] cfqmd0fsf] of]hgf ;xfosdGqLqo l;g]6 >]i7, hut uf}rg / lgIozdz]/ /f0ff tyf zfxL cfof]usf ;b:o k|]d vftLn] agfPsf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . ;"qsf cg';f/, o'j/fhdfly afg]Zj/df cfqmd0f ePsf] / To;sf] k|lt/f]w gePdf /fhfjfbLx?n] af+Rg'sf] s'g} cy{ gx'g] lgisif{ lgsfNb} pgLx?n] cfqmd0fsf] of]hgf agfPsf lyP . l;g]6sf :jsLo ;lrj ;d|f6 >]i7n] cfqmd0fdf ;+nUg x'g] u'08fx?sf] kl/rfngsf lglDt ;+of]hg ug'{sf ;fy} pgLx?nfO{ af]nfPsf lyP .

cfqmd0f ug{ tDtof/ ePsf] pQm ;d"xdf ;ftbf]af6f]sf aDa] / Zofd], bz/y /+uzfnfsf] kf}8L kf]v/Ldf 8'Abf ptfg]{ hflu/ vfPsf eLd u'?ª / e'jg u'?ª, 7d]nsf] lsrg /]:6'/]G6sf sfhL z]kf{, zflGt l;+xsf HjfO+ k|bLkljqmd /f0ffsf ;fy} k|u'g /f0ff, ceo zfx / /fh]z df]6], ;fdfv'zLsf s'df/ 3}+6]x?nfO{ b]v]sf] k|ToIfbzL{x?n] atfPsf 5g\ . /fli6«o emG8f af]s]/ cfPsf] ;f] ;d"xn] c3fp~h]n uf+hf / /S;L vfPsf] lyof] . 7"nf] :j/df Do'lhs 3Gsfp+b} cfPsf] ;d"xsf clwsf+zn] d'Gb|f nufPsf lyP . pgLx?n] sn+sLdf u:tLdf /x]sf k|x/Ldfly cfqmd0f ubf{ Ps hjfg uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . k|x/Ln] o'j/fhsf] ;'/Iff ug{ g;s]sf] cf/f]k nufp+b} pgLx?n] cfqmd0f u/]sf lyP .

o;cl3 zfxL ;/sf/n] uPsf] j}zfv !# ut] Pdfn] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf tf]8kmf]8 / u'08fubL{ u/]sf] lyof] . Pdfn] sfof{nodf ePsf] of] bf];|f] cfqmd0f k|of; xf] . Pdfn]n] cfkm\gf] sfof{nosf] /Iffsf nflu tbf?stf b]vfpg] sfo{stf{nfO{ wGojfb lbPsf] 5 .

k|wfg;]gfklt klG5g], P;kLsf] lgnDag

sf7df8f}+ . h]7 !( sf] b/af/ xTofsf08kl5 b/af/sf] ;'/Iffsf] lhDdf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] xf]Og eGg] tTsfnLg k|wfg;]gfklt k|HHjnzdz]/ /f0ffsf] aofg w]/}n] lal;{Psf 5}gg\ . ;f]xL aofgsf cfwf/df zfxL ;]gf b/af/sf] ;'/Iffdf lhDd]jf/ gePsf] egL s;}dfly s'g} k|sf/sf] sf/afxL ePg . t/, o'j/fh kf/;sf] ;jf/L dfly 9'+ufd'9f ePsf] axfgfdf g]kfn k|x/Ln] sf7df8f}+sf P;kL OGb| Gof}kfg];lxt b'O{ hgf OG;k]S6/nfO{ lgnDag u/L b'lgof+nfO{ cfZro{rlst kf/]sf] 5 .

/fhf jf /fhk|ltlglwsf] cf}krfl/s ;jf/Ldf P;kLsf] s'g} e"ldsf x'+b}g . ;jf/L rnfpg] 8LP;kL, ;}lgs k|x/L, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L, /fli6«o cg';Gwfg ljefu, u[xdGqfnosf] ;'/Iff x]g]{ ljefusf k|d'v / k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] nfjfn:s/ nfUg] ub{5 . pkTosfsf 8LcfO{hL :jod\ o:tf] ;jf/L u/fpg ;+nUg x'g'kb{5 . uPsf] d+l;/ !& ut] ;z:q / hgky k|x/Lsf cfO{hLkLx? ;xjL/ yfkf / ZofdeQm yfkf :jod\n] ;jf/L rnfO/x]sf]df sf7df8f}+sf P;kLnufotnfO{ lgnDag ug'{sf] s'g} t's 5}g .

hals pQm lbg P;kL Gof}kfg] Pdfn]sf] hgk|bz{g / hg;efdf ;'/Iff Joj:yfsf nflu vl6Psf] / ;f] sfo{ s'zntfk"j{s k"/f u/]sf] b'lgof+n] b]v]s} s'/f xf] . h'n'; / ;ef ;lsPkl5 a]Un} l:yltdf 9'+uf xfgfxfg eO/x+bf o'j/fhsf] uf8L ;f] :yndf cfPsfn] k|xf/df k/]sf] lyof] . cfof]hsx? jf hg;d'bfosf] o'j/fh kf/;dfly 9'+uf xfGg] s'g} p2]Zo, nIo / sfo{qmd lyPg .

l5§} a9'jf x'g] qmddf /x]sf P;kL Gof}kfg]dfly ;jf/Lsf] ;'/Iff Joj:yf ldnfpg g;s]sf] eGg] cf/f]k nufpg'sf k5fl8sf] sf/0f k|:6} a'lemG5 . b/af/nfO{ v';L kfg]{ / cfkm\gf] b'gf] ;f]em\ofpg] df}sf kv]{/ a;]sf] g]kfn k|x/Lleqsf] ToxL if8\oGqsf/L lu/f]xn] o; k|s/0fdf e"ldsf v]n]sf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 . hgtfsf] 5f]/f a9'jf gxf];\ eGg] pQm lu/f]xsf] k|of; ;kmn xf]nf / < eGg] k|Zg of] lgnDag k|s/0f;+u} pl7/x]sf] 5 .

k|x/Ln] pQm k|s/0fsf] 5fglag ug{ 8LcfO{hLåo lxd u'?ª / s]zj a/fn, P;P;kL s[i0faxfb'/ yfkf tyf P;kLåo pk]Gb| cof{n / /0faxfb'/ rGb /x]sf] kf+r ;b:oLo 5fglag ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;f]daf/;Ddsf] Dofb tf]lsPsf] pQm ;ldltn] laxLaf/ dfq} k|ltj]bg a'emfpg] a'lemPsf] 5 . t/, d+unaf/ P;kL Gof}kfg]sf] 7fp+df P;kL s]zaxfb'/ zfxLnfO{ NofPsf] 5 . o;df s'df/ df]xgaxfb'/ zfxL / /fhaxfb'/ l;+xx?sf] ljz]if ?lrn] sfd u/]sf] atfOG5 .

dlxnf ;Dd]ngsf] tof/L

sf7df8f}+ . clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3n] cfkm\gf] kf+rf}+ /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf] tof/L k"/f u/]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g cfp+bf] zlgaf/ g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] ub}{ x'g'x'G5 .

lg/+s'ztGqsf] cGTo u/f}+, k"0f{ k|hftGqsf] :yfkgf u/f}+ eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy ;'? x'g] pQm ;Dd]ngn] ;+3sf] gof+ g]t[Tj rog ug]{5 . ;fy}, cfufdL gof+ gLlt / sfo{qmd klg to ug]{ hgfOPsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngdf b]zel/sf ^ ;o cu'jf dlxnf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /xg] hfgsf/L ;+3n] u/fPsf] 5 . gof+ afg]Zj/l:yt jL/]Gb| cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|df pb\3f6g x'g] ;f] ;Dd]ng tLg lbg;Dd rNg] atfOPsf] 5 .

%% jif{cl3b]lv dlxnf xs, lxt / clwsf/sf af/]df n8\b} cfPsf] ;f] ;+u7gn] clxn] ;a} If]qdf ## k|ltzt dlxnf ;xeflutfsf] dfu ub}}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;fdflhs ;'/Iff / /f]huf/, ;Dk"0f{ If]qdf ;dfg clwsf/ sf] d"n gf/f af]Sb} cfPsf] ;+3n] ;a} If]qdf ;dfg ;xeflutflagf dlxnf clwsf/ :yfkgf x'g g;Sg] lgisif{ lgsfNb} To;sf nflu cfGbf]ng ug]{ gLlt kfl/t ug]{ hgfOPsf] 5 . ;Dd]ng cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;+of]hs ljBfb]jL e08f/Ln] cfGbf]ngs} qmddf x'g nfu]sf] ;Dd]ngn] a9LeGbf a9L dlxnfnfO{ cfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL x'g k|]l/t ug]{ cfzf JoQm ug'{eof] . cfGbf]ngsf af/]df b]zel/sf sfo{stf{x? k|lzlIft x'g]5g\– pxf+n] eGg'eof]– o;n] rfn" cfGbf]ngnfO{ dxŒjk"0f{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]5 . dlxnf d'lQmlagf zf]lift–kfLl8t hgtfsf] d'lQm ;Dej gx'g] pNn]v ub}}{ ;+of]hs e08f/Ln] To;} lbzfdf ;Dd]ngn] yk gLltx? kfl/t ug]{ klg atfpg'eof] .

o;cl3 )%% df ;+3sf] rf}yf] ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ljwfgdf kf+r jif{df ;Dd]ng ug'{kg]{ ;dofjlwnfO{ kl/jt{g ub}{ ;Dd]ngn] cab]lv tLg jif{df ;Dd]ng ug]{ k|fjwfg /fVg] yfxf ePsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngsf] gof+ g]t[Tj, gLlt / sfo{qmsf af/]df d+l;/ @& ut] ;fj{hlgs hfgsf/L u/fOg] ;+3n] hgfPsf] 5 .

dfgjclwsf/ lbj;df ¥ofnL

sf7df8f}+ . lg/+s'tflj?4 gful/s ;dfhsf krf;eGbf a9L ;+3–:f+:yfx?n] ;+o'Qm ?kdf %& cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/ lbj;sf] cj;/df kl;{ d+l;/ @% ut] ljzfn ¥ofnL Pjd\ gful/s ;efsf] cof]hgf ug]{ ePsf 5g\ . pgLx?n] dfgjclwsf/ lbj;nfO{ k|hftflGqs clwsf/ axfnL;+u} hf]8]/ cl3 a9fpg] klg atfPsf 5g\ .

u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf dxf;+3, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3, dlxnf ;'/Iff bafa ;d"x, ckfË dxf;+3, dfgjclwsf/ PnfOG;, blnt u};; dxf;+3, ljleGg 6]«8 o'lgog;+u ;DalGwt ;+u7gx?nufot gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltli7t JolQm Pjd\ ;a}h;f] ;lqmo ;+:yfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf pQm lj/f]w ;ef Pjd\ ¥ofnL cfof]hgf x'g nfu]sf] xf] .

lqk'/]Zj/af6 lbgsf] Ps ah] ;'? x'g] pQm ¥ofnL j;Gtk'/df k'u]/ ;efdf kl/0ft x'g] ePsf] 5 . lg/+s'ztflj?4 nf]stGqsf] cleofgnfO{ hufcf}+ eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy cfof]hgf x'g] pQm ¥ofnL Pjd\ ;efdf Jofks ;xeflutf u/fpg ljleGg lsl;dsf tof/L a}7s Pjd\ cGtlq{mofx? cfof]hgf eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L u};; dxf;+3sf cWoIf 8f= ch{'g sfsL{n] lbg'eof] . o;qmddf cfh u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsdL{, dfgjclwsf/jfbL, 6]«8 o'lgogx?nufot ;a} cfof]hsx?sf] tof/L a}7s a:g] ePsf] 5 . cfof]hs ;+:yfx?n] d+l;/ @% ut] Ps ah] lqk'/]Zj/ hfcf}+ eGb} clkn k|sflzt u/]sf 5g\ . clkndf dfgjclwsf/ /Iffsf nflu gful/sx? hfUg'kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] cf}+Nofp+b} To;df of]ubfg lbg cfx\jfg ul/Psf] 5 .

;ft bnsf] ;zQm sfo{qmd cfpg]

sf7df8f}+ . lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf] cGTosf nflu df]rf{a4 ;ft /fhgLlts bnsf zLif{:y g]tfx?n] cfp+bf] d+l;/ #) ut] ljzfn hg;efdfkm{t ;zQm cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmdx? 3f]if0ff ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 .

gof+ afg]Zj/df x'g] pQm hg;efnfO{ g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf, k|hftflGqs sf+u|];sf sfo{jfxs ;efklt uf]kfndfg >]i7, hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsf cWoIf clds z]/rg, g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ -cfgGbLb]jL_ sf pkfWoIf e/tljdn ofbj, g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg ljh'S5] /f]lxt / ;+o'Qm jfddf]rf{ g]kfnsf cWoIf s[i0fbf; >]i7n] ;Daf]wg ug'{x'g]5 . pQm cj;/df lg/+s'z /fhtGq lj/f]wL ;+3if{sf ;zQm sfo{qmdx? ;fj{hlgs ul/g] hfgsf/L s]Gb|Lo hgcfGbf]ng ;+of]hg ;ldltsf ;b:o ;'jf; g]Djfªn] a'waf/ nfO{ u/fpg'eof] . pxf+n] yk :ki6 ug'{eof]– cfufdL ;+3if{sf sfo{qmdx? df

;dembf/Lsf] :jfut

sf7df8f}+ . lg/+s'ztfsf] cGTosf nflu ;ft bn / dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf] ;dembf/LnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfon] :jfut u/]sf] 5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3n] v'n]/ :jfut u/]sf] bf];|f] ;ftf @% o'/f]k]nL d'n'ssf] ;+u7g o'/f]lkog o'lgogn] ;dembf/L ;sf/fTds ePsf] k|ltlqmof lbPsf] 5 .

g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bnx?n] dfcf]jfbL;+u u/]sf] ;dembf/Ln] zflGt :yfkgfsf] cfwf/ tof/ ug]{ ljZjf; JoQm ub}{ o'lgogåf/f hf/L jQmJodf /fhgLltdf lx+;fsf] :yfoL cGTo ug]{af/] pQm ;dembf/Ln] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ljZjf; JoQm ul/Psf] 5 . ;dembf/Lsf] ;fjwfgLk"j{s cjnf]sg ul//x]sf] hgfp+b} o'lgogn] uPsf] cS6f]j/df cfkm\gf] 6«f]Osfn] g]kfn e|d0f u/]sf] :d/0f u/fp+b} /fhf / ;/sf/nfO{ uDeL/ eP/ ;+jfbåf/f åGåsf] ;dfwfg ug]{tkm{ sfd ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . o;cl3 /fi6«;+3sf dxf;lrj sf]kmL cGgfgn] ;dembf/Lsf] :jfut ug'{ePsf] lyof] . uPsf] d+l;/ ( ut] pxf+sf k|jQmfn] lj1lKtdfkm{t dxf;lrjn] ;+;b\jfbL /fhgLlts kf6L{ / dfcf]jfbLaLr ax'bnLo k|hftGq :yfkgf / g]kfnL hgtfn] Ps bzsb]lv ef]Ug'k/]sf] c;Ld kL8faf6 d'lQm lbnfpg] p2]Zon] åGå ;dfwfgsf nflu ePsf] ;dembf/L sf] :jfut ug'{ePsf] hgfpg'ePsf] lyof] .

l5d]sL ef/tn] ;dembf/Lk|lt ;ts{tfk"j{s l6Kk0fL ub}{ sfof{Gjog kIf x]l/g] k|ltlqmof lbPsf] lyof] . k/fdz{sf nflu cfkm\gf] d'n's kmls{g'ePsf cd]l/sL /fhb"t h]D; Pkm df]l/of6L{n] klg zflGt :yfkgfdf hf]8 lb+b} ax'bnLo k|lt:kwf{k|ltsf] k|lta4tf ;sf/fTds ePsf] atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .

o;}aLr, cd]l/sfdf a:g] k|j'4 g]kfnLx?sf] ;+:yf lna/n 8]df]qm];L g]kfnn] bn–dfcf]jfbL ;dembf/Lsf] :jfut u/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLlts d"nwf/df cfpg] jfrf ug'{ / ;ft bnn] klg pgLx?nfO{ To;df ;dflxt ug{ ;xdlt hgfpg'n] ;Defjgfsf] gof+ 9f]sf vf]n]sf] ljZn]if0f ;f] ;+:yfn] u/]sf] 5 . /fhfnfO{ of] cj;/ zflGtsf nflu pkof]u ug{ / cljnDj k|hftGq jxfnL ug{ cfu|x ub}{ ;+:yfn] pQm ;dembf/Laf6 ax'bnLo k|hftGqlt/ kmls{g /fhfnfO{ em\ofn k|bfg ug]{ klg hgfPsf] 5 . 3 @^ ut] x'g] elgPsf] tyfslyt gu/ lgjf{rgnfO{ k"0f{tM alxisf/ ug]{ 9+un] Jofks hgkl/rfng ug{ s]lGb|t x'g] 5g\ . xfdL ;+3if{sf yk sfo{qmddfkm{t Jofks hg;d'bfosf] aLrdf k'Ug rfxG5f}+ .

;ft bn / dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf] ;dembf/LkZrft\ ;ft bnsf zLif{:y g]tfx?n] ;Daf]wg ug]{ gof+ afg]Zj/sf] hg;ef g} klxnf] ;+o'Qm ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmd xf] . o;sf] a]Un} dxŒj /x]sf] cfof]hsx?sf] bfaL 5 .

k~rfotL ;+ljwfg hLljt}

sf7df8f}+ . zfxL cfof]usf] j}wflgstfdfly k|Zg p7fp+b} ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf bfo/ l/6 lgj]bgsf] ;'g'jfOsf qmddf cgf}7f ax;–k}/jL x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . lxhf] d+unaf/ zfxL cfof]usf tkm{af6 ax; ug]{ Ps hgf sfg'g Joj;foL df]xgk|;fb cfrfo{n] t )!( sf] k~rfotL ;+ljwfg hLljt} /x]sf] bfaL u/] .

clwjQmf cfrfo{n] )$& sf] ;+ljwfgdf d[To'b08sf] k|fjwfg gePsfn] ;f/f ;d:ofx? k|s6 ePsf] eGg;d]t af+sL /fv]gg\ . pgL ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf klxnf]k6s ax; ug{ k'u]sf lyP– zfxL cfof]usf] arfpsf nflu . To; qmddf pgsf] lhls/ lyof]– )$& sf] ;+ljwfgdf )!( sf] ;+ljwfg vf/]h ePsf] s'g} Joj:yf 5}g, To; sf/0f b'j} ;+ljwfg hLljt} 5g\ . )!( sf] ;+ljwfgn]] zfxL cfof]uh:tf lgsfox? u7g ug]{ clwsf/ df};'kmnfO{ 5 . ax;sf qmddf clwjQmf cfrfo{n] eg]sf lyP– d}n] >Ldfg\x?nfO{ af]/ u/]+ ls hjfkmdf Ohnf;af6 GofofwLz /fdk|;fb >]i7n] l6Kk0fL ug'{eof]– tkfO{+sf] klxnf] ax; x'gfn] xfdLnfO{ vf;} af]/ ePsf] 5}g . zfxL cfof]usf] tkm{af6 o:t} sfg'g Joj;foLx?sf] ax; hf/L /x]sf] 5 .

o'4lj/fd lg/Gt/ sfod /xg]

sf7df8f}+ . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] tLg dlxgf nfdf] PstkmL{ o'4lj/fdsf] cjlw ;lsgf;fy k'gM Ps dlxgf o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf]df ;j{q :jfut ul/Psf] 5 .

uPsf] d+l;/ !& ut] Ps lj1lKtdfkm{t dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08n] yk Ps dlxgf o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pxf+n] d+unaf/ kf6L{sf] d'vkq hgfb]z ;+u eGg'ePsf] 5– xfd|f] OR5f o'4lj/fd e+u ug]{ geP/ zflGtk"0f{ 9+un] cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf; vf]Hg] /x]sf] 5 . t/, ;fdGtL ;Qf / p;sf] kmf}hL cft+s oyfjt\ /x]df kf6L{ / hgtfsf cufl8 o'4lj/fd e+u u/]/ pgLx?sf lj?4 hah{:t ljb|f]x / k|lt/f]wsf] cf+wL l;h{gf ug'{sf] ljsNk /xg] 5}g . clxn] es'08f] ;fdGtx?s} d}bfgdf km\of+lsPsf] 5 / pgLx?sf] hjfkmL k|xf/n] cufl8sf] v]nnfO{ lglZrt ug]{5 .

k|r08n] tLgdlxg] o'4lj/fdsf] kl5Nnf] cjlwdf cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf sd/]8 lsdaxfb'/ yfkf ;'gLn_ sf] xTof;Dd cfp+bf b'Zdgn] gof+ :t/af6 bf]/Daf xTofsf08s} k'g/fj[lQ ul//x]sf] tYo :ki6 ePsf] pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxf+sf] hf]8 5– oxf+ a'em\g'kg]{ s'/f of] xf] ls lg/+s'z ;fdGtL tŒjx?sf] dg;fo k"/f x'g glbg' / hg;d'bfosf] dg;fo k"/f x'g lbg'df g} kf6L{ gLltsf] j}1flgstf n's]sf] x'G5 . b'Zdgn] xfdLaf6 l56f]eGbf l56f] o'4lj/fd e+u u/fP/ cfkm\gf] kmf}hL clwgfosTjnfO{ hfoh 7x¥ofpg k|k~r ul//x]sf] 5 . t/, kf6L{n] b'Zdgsf] OR5f / of]hgfljk/Lt o'4lj/fdnfO{ Ps dlxgf nDAofP/ hgtfnfO{ cem Jofks ?kdf /fhgLlts ?kn] k|lzlIft u/L cfkm\g} of]hgfcg';f/ ;+3if{ cufl8 a9fpg] gLlt cjnDag u/]sf] 5 .

a[xt\ /fli6«o /fhgLlts ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdfkm{t nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] lbzfdf cufl8 a9\g] af6f] v'nf u/]/ hg;d'bfonfO{ ;fj{ef}d clwsf/sf] k|Tofof]hg ug]{ jftfj/0f ag]df o'4lj/fd lg/Gt/ sfod /xg ;Sg] klg k|r08n]] :ki6 kfg'{ePsf] 5 .

o;cl3 tLgdlxg] o'4lj/fdsf] cjlw k"/f x'gf;fy d+l;/ !& s} lbg k|r08n] yk Ps dlxgfsf nflu o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o'4lj/fd nDAofpg'sf] sf/0f k|:6\ofp+b} pxf+n] eGg'ePsf] lyof]– b]zsf] /fhgLlts l:yltsf] ;du|tf, nf]stGq / zflGtsf kIfw/ b]zleq / aflx/sf ;a} ;sf/fTds zlQmx?sf] dfunfO{ uDeL/tfk"j{s ljrf/ u/L xfd|f] kf6L{n] csf]{ Ps dlxgfsf nflu o'4lj/fdsf] cjlw a9fpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

afa'/fd k'g:yf{lkt

sf7df8f}+ . kf6L{leqsf] ljjfb ldn]kl5 g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] afa'/fd e§/fO{nfO{ klxn]s} lhDd]jf/Ldf k'g:yf{lkt u/]sf] 5 . kf6L{leqsf] ljjfbsf sf/0f cWoIf k|r08n] g} ;DxfNb} cfPsf] ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb\ gof+ 9+un] k'gu{7g ub}{ klxn]em}+ To;sf] lhDd]jf/L e§/fO{nfO{ lbOPsf] 5 .

a[xt\ /fli6«o /fhgLlts ;Dd]ng cfof]hs ;ldlt sf gfddf lgld{t dfcf]jfbLsf] gof+ s]Gb|Lo hg;/sf/ @! ;b:oLo /x]sf] 5 . dxflwj]zgsf nflu eGb} kf6L{leq cWoIf k|r08afx]s ;a}sf] Ps tx lhDd]jf/L 36'jf u/] klg e§/fO{n] klxn]s} lhDd]jf/L kfpg'nfO{ dfcf]jfbLleq Pstf ;'b[9 x'+b} uPsf] 7flgPsf] 5 . e§/fO{dfly sf/afxL x'+bf kf6L{, ;]gf / ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj s]Gb|Ls[t ug]{ gfddf ;/sf/ k|d'v klg k|r08 cfkm}+ ePkl5 ljjfb ;fj{hlgs ePsf] lyof] . cl3Nnf]k6ssf] kl/ifb\df ;x;+of]hs /x]sf dfcf]jfbL k|jQmf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fnfO{ o;k6s l6ddf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5}g eg] e§/fO{kl5sf] bf];|f] dxŒjk"0f{ :yfgdf ;}Go sdf08/ gGblszf]/ k'g -kf;fª_ nfO{ /flvPsf] 5 . kl/ifb\sf] ;lrjdf klxn]s} b]j u'?ª -td'jfg :jfoQ u0ftGq_ nfO{ NofOPsf] 5 eg] ;b:ox?df n]v/fh e§ -;]tL–dxfsfnL :jfoQ u0ftGq_, v8\uaxfb'/ ljs -e]/L–s0ff{nL :jfoQ u0ftGq_, /fdr/0f rf}w/L -yf?jfg :jfoQ u0ftGq_, ;Gtf]if a'9fdu/ -du/ft :jfoQ u0ftGq_, uf]kfn v'Da' ls/f+tL -ls/f+t :jfoQ u0ftGq_, k|e' ;fx -dw]; :jfoQ u0ftGq_, bfjf nfdf -tfdfª :jfoQ u0ftGq_, kjgdfg >]i7 -g]jfM d'lQm df]rf{_, dl0frGb| yfkf -;f+:s[lts df]rf{_, lzj/fh uf}td -ls;fg df]rf{_, hok'/L 3tL{ -dlxnf df]rf{_, n]vgfy Gof}kfg] -ljBfyL{ df]rf{_, zflns/fd hd/s§]n -dhb'/ df]rf{_, ltns kl/of/ -blnt df]rf{_, u'0f/fh nf]xgL -lzIfs df]rf{_, lvdnfn b]jsf]6f -sfg'g_ / d+un g]kfnL -:jf:Yo_ /flvPsf] 5 .

kl/ifb\sf] klxnf] a}7sn]– tTsfn b]zdf nf]stGq, zflGt / cu|udgsf] Go"gtd sfo{ef/nfO{ k"/f ug{ ;fdGtL lg/+s'z /fhtGqlj?4 ;+3if{/t zlQmx?sf] a[xt\ /fli6«o /fhgLlts ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] u7g, :jtGq / lgikIf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf ug{'kg]{ 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . To;sf lglDt lg/+s'z /fhtGqlj?4 ;+3if{ ul//x]sf ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{x?, gful/s ;dfh, k];fut ;d"x cflb;+u ;+jfb, ;dembf/L, ;xsfo{ / ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf lglDt kxn ug]{ / a[xt\ /fli6«o /fhgLlts ;Dd]ngsf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ub}{ hfg] lg0f{o klg ;f] a}7sn] u/]sf] 5 . o;}u/L, hgtf / cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfodf e|d 5g]{ / /fhfsf] kmfl;i6 kmf}hL zf;gnfO{ j}wtf k|bfg ug]{ s'lT;t dg;fon] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] gu/kflnsfsf] lgjf{rg / rrf{df NofOPsf] ;+;b\sf] lgjf{rgnfO{ k"0f{ ?kn] Wj:t / c;kmn kfg'{kg]{ lg0f{o pQm a}7sn] u/]sf] 5 . To;sf nflu d+l;/ d;fGt;Dd cfGtl/s tof/L ug]{, k'; dlxgfe/ k|rf/fTds sfo{qmdx? ug]{ / df3b]lv lqmofTds ;+3if{x? cl3 a9fpg] to u/]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbLsf] xfn} ;DkGg s]Gb|Lo lj:tfl/t a}7s -Kn]gd_ n] hg;/sf/ pGd'v ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L df]rf{ lj36g u/L ;f] gof+ ;ldlt lgdf{0f u/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .