Kathmandu, Falgun 19, 2061.

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sf7df8f}+ . lg/+s'ztfsf] lj/f]w ub}{ k"0f{ k|hftGq axfnL ug]{ ;femf p2]Zo;lxt d'n'ssf kf“r /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] ;xsfo{ ug{ df]rf{aGbL yfn]sf 5g\ . zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] sl/a Ps dlxgfkZrft\ kf“r bnx¿n] ;+o'Qm¿kdf 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\–@)^! df3 !( sf] >L % 1fg]Gb|sf] zfxL 3f]if0ff / To;kZrft\sf yk sfd sf/jfxLx¿af6 xfdL :tAw ePsf 5f}+ . of] sbdn] g]kfnL hgtfsf] k|hftflGqs clwsf/dfly k|xf/ ePsf] 5 / ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg g]kfnL hgtfsf] hgk|ltlglw zf;gsf] clwsf/ ckxl/t ePsf] 5 . kl/0ffd:j¿k d'n'sdf k"0f{tM ckf/bzL{ tyf hjfkmb]xLljxLg lg/+s'z zf;g z'¿ ePsf] 5 / o;af6 d'n'sdf ljBdfg lx+;fTds ;z:q åGå emg} a9\g], zflGt cem layf]lng] / /fli6«o Pstfdf g} cf3ft k'Ug] xfd|f] lgisif{ /x]sf] 5 .Æ

g]skf -Pdfn]_, g]kfnL sf+u]|;, g]kfnL sf+u]|; -k|hftflGqs_, hgdf]rf{ g]kfn / g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ -cfgGbLb]jL_n] :ki6 zAbdf cf}+NofPsf 5g\–æk|hftGqsf] cefjdf s'g}klg ;d:of ;'Nemg ;Sb}g . zflGt :yfkgfsf] nflu klg k|fhtGq clgjfo{ zt{ xf] . d'n'snfO{ yk uDeL/ ;+s6df kfg]{ of] sbdsf] xfdL tLa| lj/f]w ub{5f}+ . ;fy} of] sbdsf lj¿4 k"0f{ k|hftGq Pj+ bLuf] zflGt :yfkgf ug{, hgtfdf ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;'lglZrt ug{ / cu|udgsf] kIfdf ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bnx¿, k|hftflGqs zlQmx¿ tyf cfd hgtfnfO{ Pstfa4 eP/ zflGtk"0f{ ;+3if{df cl3 a9\g hf]8bf/ cfx\jfg ub{5f}+ .Æ

kf“r bnx¿n] egsf 5g\–æk"0f{ k|hftGq Pj+ ;fj{ef}d g]kfnL hgtfsf hgk|ltlglw zf;g :yfkgf ug{sf] nflu k|hftflGqs clwsf/x¿dfly nufOPsf c;+j}wflgs–ck|hftflGqs aGb]hx¿ km's'jf ug{ tyf lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf, sfo{stf{, ;~rf/sdL{, dfgjclwsf/sdL{ / cGo JolQmx¿nfO{ l/xf ug{ dfu ub{5f}+ .Æ b]zdf ljBdfg xTof, lx+;f / cft+ssf] cGTo x'g'kg]{ cfjZostfdf hf]8 lb+b} kf“r bnn] k|i6 zAbdf pNn]v u/]sf 5g\–æof] af6f]af6 s'g} klg ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg x'g ;Sb}g . t;y{ ;fy{s jftf{ dfkm{t\ g} lx+;fTds åGåsf] cGTo eO{ bLuf] zflGt sfod x'g;S5 eGg] xfd|f] lg/Gt/sf] c8fg tyf k|lta4tf k'gM :ki6 ug{ rfxG5f}+ .Æ

kf“r bnn] cfp“bf] kmfu'g @% ut]b]lv hgkl/rfng ug]{ sfo{qmd klg 3f]if0ff ub}{ atfPsf 5g\ –æg]kfnL hgtfsf] lg/+s'ztflj/f]wL Gofof]lrt ;+3if{df ;fy lbg ljZjel/sf tdfd zflGtk]|dL Pj+ k|hftGqk]|dL hgtf, /fi6« / k|hftflGqs zlQmx¿nfO{ xfdL xflb{s cfx\jfg ub{5f}+ .Æ lg/+s'ztflj¿4sf] ;+o'Qm ;+3if{sf] 3f]if0ff / o; kxn sbdLaf6 g]kfn dhb"/ ls;fg kf6L{ eg] gf6sLo¿kdf k5fl8 x6]/ ;a}nfO{ cfZro{ rlst t'NofPsf] 5 .

@)%( c;f/df g]kfnL sf+u]|;sf] ljefhgkZrft\ b'j} kf6L{ ;+o'Qm¿kdf cl3 a9\g ;xdt ePsf] of] klxnf] 36gf xf] . o;cl3 Pdfn]n] uPsf] h]7 cl3 sf7df8f}+s]lGb|t cfGbf]ngdf k6s–k6s g]kfnL sf+u]|; -k|hftflGqs_ / ;+o'Qm jfddf]rf{ g]kfnnfO{ ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngdf ;fd]n ug{ cfu|x ubf{ g]kfnL sf+u]|;n] :jLsf/ u/]sf] lyPg . df3 !( sf] sbdkZrft\ nf]stGqsf kIfw/ zlQmx¿ Ps 7fp“df pleg] ;DaGwdf of] ;sf/fTds df]rf{aGbL ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .

3f]lift¿kdf k|ltaGw gnufOPsf] eP tfklg df3 !( kl5 bnx¿n] cfk;L e]63f6, lgjf{w ultljlw, e]nf, a}7s / ;Dd]ng ug{ cK7]/f] l;h{gf ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnL sf+u]|;n] cfh kmfu'g !( ut]b]lv @@ ut];Dd jL/u~hdf ;DkGg ug]{ egL k"j{ lgwf{l/t u/]sf] P3f/f}+ dxflwj]zg kl/l:yltsf] oxL cK7]/f] / k|lts"ntfsf sf/0f :ylut x'g k'u]sf] 5 . g]kfnL sf+u]|;n] k|hftGq k'gM :yfkgfsf nflu gof“ lk+9Ln] km]l/ ;+3if{ ug{ gkg]{ u/L ;lqmo Pj+ ;zQm¿kdf cfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL x'g cfkm\gf tdfd g]tf, sfo{stf{ / a'l4hLjLx¿;dIf cfx\jfg u/]sf] 5 . ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] gh/aGbaf6} lbg'ePsf] jQmJodf ;+;bLo k|hftGq, dfgj clwsf/ / sfg'gL /fHosf] /Iffy{ k|ltlglw;ef k'gM :yfkgf clgjfo{ /x]sf] c8fg bf]xf]¥ofpg'ePsf] 5 .

;+s6sfn 3f]if0ffsf] Ps dlxgf k"/f x'“bf z'¿sf] h:tf] s8f ;'/Iff lgoGq0fdf s]xL v's'nf]kg cfPsf] cg'ej ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . t/ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] l/xfO ug{ cfb]z lbPkl5 klg ;f]djf/ dfgj clwsf/sdL{ uf}/L k|wfgnfO{ k'gM kqmfp ug]{ /j}of lrGtfhgs cj:yfs} Bf]ts /x]sf] 5 . oBlk pxf“ ;f]djf/ ;f“em l/xf ul/g'ePsf] 5 .

g]skf -Pdfn]_sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, sf+u]|; ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf, dfgjclwsf/jfbL s[i0f kxf8L, k|fWofks, a'l4hLjL / lx/f;t Pj+ gh/aGbdf /x]sf cGo g]tf–sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ cem} l/xf gul/g', jgef]hsf lglDt hDdf ePsf bf]nvfsf g]tf, sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ ;fd"lxs¿kdf lu/km\tf/ u/]/ s]/sf/ u/L 5fl8g', /fhgLlts bnsf sfof{nox¿df ;'/Iff lgu/fgL sfod} /fVg' cflb 36gfqmdk|lt ;j{q lrGtf JofKt 5 . o:tf 36gfqmdn] lg/+s'ztflj/f]wL cfGbf]ngsf] cf}lrTo emg} 68\sf/f] ag]sf] 5 .

o;}aLr o'/f]k]nL ;+3n] g]kfndf cljnDa k|hftGq axfnLsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 . ;+3n] Ps jQmJodfkm{t\ eg]sf] 5–æk|ltlglwd"ns k|hftGq jxfnL, ;+s6sfnLg cWofb]z cGtu{t y'lgPsf ;a} /fhgLlts / cGo aGbLx¿sf] zL3| l/xfO{, /fhgLlts bn / gful/s ;dfhsf ;+u7gx¿sf] ;+ul7t / kl/rflnt x'g] :jtGqtf ;'lglZrt ug{, ;~rf/ dflysf] l/kf]l6{ª cj/f]w lkmtf{ lng, clVtof/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] :jtGqtf hf/L /fVg / e]nf x'g] nufotsf cfwf/e"t clwsf/ k'gj{xfnL ug{ o'/f]k]nL ;+3 cfx\jfg ub{5 .Æ

gof“ ;+ljwfg g} lgsf; xf] — k|lbk g]kfn, g]tf, g]skf -Pdfn]_

) kRrL; lbg lx/f;tdf a;]/ lgl:s+bf aflx/sf] cj:yf s:tf] kfpg'eof] <

– dfG5]x¿ cToGt w]/} q:t / s'l07t ePsf] kfP“ . w]/}n] cfkm" g]kfnL x'g'k/]sf]df UnfgL u/]sf] klg kfP“ . pT;fx, v'zL / pd+u d}n] cfGbf]ng;“u hf]l8Psf kf6L{sf g]tf, sfo{stf{df t kfpg] s'/} ePg, sltko k~rfotL k[i7e"ldsf g]tfx¿df klg e]6fpg ;lsg“ .

) tkfO{+sf] of] egfOaf6 s] lgZsif{ lgsfNg ;lsG5 t <

– clxn] h] ePsf] 5, Tof] ;a} lx;fan] unt ePsf] 5 . hgtf / /fi6«sf] clxtdf ePsf] 5 eGg] lgZsif{ lgsfNg'k5{ .

) lx/f;tdf tkfO{+x¿nfO{ s:tf] Jojxf/ ul/of] <

– k|x/L hjfg, xjNbf/, c;O{, ;O{ / OG:k]S6/x¿;“u xfdL glhs /x\of}+ . pgLx¿sf] Jojxf/ xfdLk|lt /fd|f] /x\of], dfgjLo /x\of] . Tof]eGbf dflysf;“u plt;f/f] ;Dks{ /fVg] cf};/ g} kfPgf}+ .

) lx/f;td} /x]sf jfdb]j uf}tdnufot tkfO{+sf ;xof]4fx¿sf] cj:yf s] 5 <

– xfdLnfO{ cToGt} sfd gnfUg], laxfg a]n'sf ;f; wfGg] vfnsf] vfgf lbOPsf] lyof] . 3/;“u ;Dks{ ePkl5 3/af6 cfkm}+ dufP/ xfdLn] vfgkfg z'¿ u/]sf lyof}+ . xfdLnfO{ kqklqsf k9\g k|ltaGw nufOPsf] lyof], /]l8of] ;'Gg / 6]lnlehg x]g{ lbOPsf] lyPg . d}n] cfkm\gf] l/xfOsf] a]nfdf xfdLn fO{ y'Gg cfb]z lbg] sf7df8f}+sf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L

/ klqmg hfg] pkTosf k|x/L sfof{nonfO{ leq kqklqsf k9\g lbg'k5{ eg]sf] 5' . lbP÷glbPsf] hfgsf/L clxn] dnfO{ 5}g .

) tkfO{+x¿sf] kf6L{sf] efjL of]hgf s] 5 <

– ;fdfGotofM kf6L{n] ug]{ lg0f{o t a}7saf6 unf{ . t/ d}n] cg'e"t u/]sf] / b]v]sf] b'O6f s'/f hgtf;dIf /fVg}k5{ . klxnf], bnx¿n] ljutdf u/]sf uNtLx¿k|lt hgtf;fd' ljgd| x'“b} dfkmL dfUg'k5{ / cfkm"nfO{ ;'wfg]{ clUgk/LIffdf ;fd]n x'g'k5{ . To;n] bnx¿k|lt hgtfsf] ljZjf; a9fpg]5 . bf];|f], ca xfdLn] …;+;b k'gj{xfnL–k'gj{xfnLÚ eg]/ s/fpg'x'“b}g . lalt;s]sf] t lalt;Sof] . xfdLn] k"0f{ k|hftGq, zflGt / dfgjclwsf/nfO{ /fli6«o hLjgsf] d"n d'2f agfP/ gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ cfGbf]ngdf ;dflxt x'g'k5{ .

) Pdfn]n] To;sf] kxn / cu'jfO{ ub}{5 <

– hxf“;Dd dnfO{ nfU5, kmfu'g !% ut] hf/L kf“r bnsf] ;+o'Qm jQmJodf d}n] p7fPsf s'/fx¿ 5g\ . To;df k|hftGqsf] dfu ul/Psf] 5, zflGtsf] dfu ul/Psf] 5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ :jo+n] Ps jif{ cl3b]lv lx+;f / k|ltudgsf] cGTo tyf zflGt / k|hftGqsf] k'gj{xfnLsf] gf/f lb+b} cfPsf] 5 . To;f] x'gfn] xfd|f] kf6L{ hfg] af6f] ToxL g} xf] .

) o'jf k':tfn] p7fO/x]sf] kf6L{sf] cfGtl/s k'gu{7g / k'g;{+/rgfsf] dfuk|lt tkfO{+sf] k|ltlqmof s] 5 <

– Tof] d'2f ;xL 5 eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . lsgeg] kl/l:yltdf lgs} 7"nf] km]/abn cfO;s]sf] 5 . sfo{z}nL dfq} xf]Og, sfo{ k2ltsf] af/]df klg cfGtl/s 5nkmn / ax; ug'{kg]{ cj:yf pTkGg ePsf] 5 . ;a} kf6L{sf o'jf k+lQm clxn] Ps} 9+un] ;f]Rb}5 . of] ;a}eGbf v'zLsf] s'/f xf] . kf6L{x¿ Pstfa4 x'g] k|lqmofsf] yfngL klg o'jfx¿n] g} u/]sf /x]5g\ . kf6L{x¿ Psh'6 x'g !% ut];Dd klv{g'k¥of] . t/ Tof] eGbf b'O{ xKtf klxn] g} xfd|f] k|hftflGqs /fli6«o o'jf ;+3, b'j} sf+u]|;sf t¿0f bn / c¿ o'jf ;+3x¿n] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngdf hfg] lg0f{o ul/;s]sf /x]5g\ .

xfdL clxn] 7"nf] kl/jt{gsf] ;+3f/df 5f}+ . kf6L{df klg Tof] kl/jt{gnfO{ cg'e"t u/]/ p7]sf cfjfhx¿nfO{ ;Ddfg / sb/ ug'{k5{ eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 .

) To:tf] kl/jt{gsf] z'¿jft kf6L{sf s]xL g]tfx¿nfO{ sf/jfxL u/]/ ub}{ x'g'x'G5 /] xf] <

– k'gu{7g ug]{ eg]sf] dfG5]nfO{ l;Wofpg] jf ;dfKt kfg]{ eg]sf] xf]Og . k'gu{7g eg]sf] jt{dfg g]t[Tjsf] sfo{ k|0ffnLsf] d"Nof+sg, Tof] g]t[Tjn] 7Ls u¥of] ls u/]g eGg] 5nkmn / jx; xf], hf] cfGtl/s¿kdf ;+rfng ug'{k5{ . a]7Ls u/]sf] xf] eg] ;+:yfut–JolQmut sf/jfxL klg ug'{k5{ . t/ ;8sdf o:tf] jf p:tf] x'g'k5{ eg]/ cleof]u nufpg] s'/fn] kf6L{sf] ;+:s[lt / ;+:sf/nfO{ ;Eotflt/ pGd'v u/fp“b}g .

k|hftGq layf]lnof]M ===ca s] ug]{ <

cfw'lgs g]kfndf k|hftGq pbo ePkl5sf] %% jif{df, k|hftGq clxn]eGbf 7"nf] vt/fdf slxNo} k/]sf] lyPg .

w]/} jif{;Dd xfdLn] g]kfndf k|hftGqnfO{ sdhf]/ ¿kdf dx;'; u¥of}+, o;sf] sf/0f lyof]– xfd|f] ;fdGtL ljut, xfd|f /fhgLlts g]tfx¿df /x]sf] sRrfkg jf egf}+ xfd|f hgtfdf /x]sf] c1fgtf . t/ cfh k|hftGq vt/fdf k/]sf] 5– h;sf] klxnf] / k|d'v sf/0f xf], dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] g[z+; ljb|f]x / clxn] /fhfaf6 ckgfOPsf] clwgfosjfbL sbd †

xfd|f lgjf{lrt /fhgLlts g]tfx¿ klg @)$^ ;fndf k|hftGqsf] pbo ePkl5sf] Ps bzs;Dd cfkm" ;Qfdf /x“bf;d]t xfdLnfO{ ;'zf;g lbg c;kmn /x]sf] ;To g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] b'Mvb kIf xf] . g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts b'ef{Uosf] nflu …tLgj6} v]nf8LÚx¿ bf]ifL /x]tf klg ltgLx¿sf] bf]ifsf] dfqf / pgLx¿sf] sfd tyf dfGotfsf sf/0fn] kf/]sf] c;/ eg] pNn]vgLo ¿kdf g} km/s 5 .

o;df s'g} z+sf 5}g– /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] ;'zf;gdfkm{t\ k|hftGqsf] hu alnof] agfpg] d"Nojfg cj;/ v]/ km\of“s] . pgLx¿sf sltko g]tfx¿ b"/b[li6, kl/kSjtf tyf pQ/bfloTj axg ug]{df sf“rf b]lvP . pgLx¿ s'Joj:yfkg, e|i6frf/ / lg/Gt/ nfe tyf zlQm;+3if{df lnKt /x]sf]df abgfd eP . s'g} klg kf6L{n] g]tfn] Jofks hgtfsf] ;Ddfg, ;xL cy{df lhTg ;s]gg\ . pgLx¿dWo] w]/} t ;Qfsf ef]sf cj;/jfbLsf ¿kdf lrlgP .

oBlk of] klg eGg}k5{ ls clxn]sf] 36gfnfO{ pgLx¿sf] uNtLsf] bf]if b]vfP/ ;xL 7x¥ofpg ;lsGg . t'ngfdf g]kfnsf /fhgLlts g]tfx¿ Tolt;f/f] e|i6 / a]sfd] lyPgg\, hlt cGo gof“ tyf sdhf]/ k|hftflGqs b]zsf g]tfx¿ 5g\ . cem /fli6«o /fhgLlt yf]qf g]tfx¿sf] sf/0fn] hlt abgfd /x] klg, t'ngfTds ¿kdf :yfgLo txdf g]kfnsf] 5f]6f] cfo'sf] ax'bnLo k|hftGq /fd|};“u klqm/x]sf] lyof] / c;n kl/0ffd b]vfp“b} lyof] .

olb k|hftflGqs cEof;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] eP, ;doqmddf :yfgLo txaf6 lhDd]jf/L axg ug]{ o'jf g]tfx¿ hlGdg] lyP . dtbftfx¿n] g} u}/lhDd]jf/ tyf pQ/bfloTjljxLg g]tfx¿nfO{ km\of“sL lbg] x'“bf k|hftGqn] hlxn] klg cfkm"nfO{ ;Rofp“5 .

k|hftGqsf] d"No /fhgLlts g]tfx¿sf] sfdsf] cfwf/df dfq d"Nof+sg ul/g' x'Gg, a¿ gful/s

;dfhsf] ultzLntf, hgtfn] cfkm\gf b[li6sf]0f /fVg] tyf cfkm"n] ;f“r]sf] ;kgf k"/f ug{ pkef]u ul//x]sf] :jtGqtf;“u klg t'ngf ug'{k5{ .

g]kfnL /fhtGqsf] Oltxf;df dxTjk"0f{ :yfg 5 . o;nfO{ cfd¿kdf g]kfnLsf] /fli6«otf / Pstfsf] ¿kdf lnOG5 eg] csf{lt/ ;fdGtjfbsf] /Ifssf] ¿kdf klg lnOG5 . g]kfnsf s]xL /fhfx¿ k|ultzLn / ;'wf/jfbL lyP, t/ c¿x¿ clwgfosjfbL / cg'bf/ /x] . xfnsf dxf/fh 1fg]Gb|, bf];|f] rf]6L /fhkl/jf/sf clwsf+z ;b:ox¿sf] xTofkl5sf] b"ef{Uok"0f{ kl/l:yltdf ul2gl;g eP . pgn] lgjf{lrt ;/sf/ e+u u/] / jf:tljs ¿kdf ;/sf/sf] sfo{sf/L clwsf/ cfkm}“n] lnP . ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqk|ltsf] k|lta4tfsf] afah"b pgsf] sfo{jfxL lg/Gt/ lgjf{lrt /fhgLlts g]tfx¿nfO{ 5Sofpg] rfnk"0f{ b]lvP .

/fhf 1fg]Gb|sf] df3 !( ut]sf] 3f]if0ff klg /fhgLlts kf6L{ / To;sf g]tfx¿k|lt k"0f{tM å]ifk"0f{ 5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{k|ltsf] rsf]{ lj/f]w, k|hftGqk|lt pgsf] clw/tf / ;]gfdflysf] lge{/tf tyf …lgb{nLoÚ k~rfotLsfnsf /fhgLlt ;xof]uLsf sf/0f æk|hftGqnfO{ ;dfKt kf/]/ k|hftGqsf] /Iff ug]{Æ pgsf] lgotk|lt hgtfx¿ ;z+lst 5g\ .

;sf/fTds ¿kdf ;f]Rg]x¿sf] wf/0ff 5, pgn] dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xnfO{ /fd}|ul/ ;dfKt kfg{ ;S5g\ / tL /fhgLlts kf6L{n] eGbf ultnf] sfd ug{ ;S5g\ h;sf] s'zf;gn] lat]sf] bzsdf eb|uf]n u¥of] . zflGt axfnL ePkl5 pgn] lgjf{lrt ;/sf/nfO{ ;Qf x:tfGt/0f ug]{5g\ .

t/ af]Ng] clwsf/;lxtsf] gful/s clwsf/ xgg ug]{, k]|;dflysf] ;]G;/zLk, /fhgLlt g]t[Tj, kqsf/ Pj+ dfgjclwsf/jfbL sfo{stf{nfO{ y'Gg] / /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] ckdfg ug]{ h:tf pgsf sfdx¿n] hgtfnfO{ pgsf] lktf /fhf dx]Gb|sf] clwgfosjfbL zf;gsf] :d/0f u/fPsf] 5 . clxn]sf /fhfsf s]xL lgs6 ;Nnfxsf/x¿ pgs} lktfsf sd{rf/L jf /fhgLlts pQ/flwsf/L /xg'n] klg o:tf] wf/0ffnfO{ an k'¥ofPsf] b]lvG5 .

t/ g]kfndf cfhsf] b'MvbfoL cj:yf ;[hgf ug]{ ;a}eGbf k|d'v sf/s eg]sf dfcf]jfbL g} x'g\ . pgLx¿ ljZje/d} c;kmn eO;s]sf] yf]qf] ljrf/wf/f af]s]/ lx“l8/x]sf 5g\ . ;'¿sf] ;dodf lglZrt nf]slk|o ljifodf /x]sf] kIfw/tfsf sf/0f pgLx¿n] s]xL nf]slk|otf sdfPsf] eP tfklg clxn] lx+;f, ha/h:tL / ckx/0fsf] cft+s g} pgLx¿sf] zlQmsf] cfwf/ aGg k'u]sf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbLx¿ …;fj{ef}d;Qf;DkGg lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t\ /fhtGqsf] eljio lgwf{/0f ug]{ clwsf/ hgtfnfO{ lbOof];\Ú nufotsf ;fdflhs Pj+ /fhgLlts ljifosf s]xL k|ultzLn Ph]08fx¿sf] k|jQmf ag]sf 5g\ . t/ xltof/aGb dfcf]jfbLsf] cGo /fhgLlts kf6L{k|lt /x]sf] r/d c;lxi0f' Jojxf/n] pgLx¿ lgikIf tyf :jtGq lgjf{rgdfkm{t\ ;Demf}tfaf6 ;d:of xn ug]{df Odfgbf/ 5g\ eGg]df uDeL/ k|Zg v8f ul/lbPsf] 5 .

t;y{ /fhgLlts v]nf8Lsf ¿kdf /x]sf tLgj6} kIfn] g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ c;Gt'i6 kf/]sf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf b'Mvsf] s'/f t x/]s kIf;“u g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ lbg] /fd|f s'/f gePsf] eg] xf]Og . olb xfdLn] ltg} kIfsf /fd|f s'/fx¿nfO{ ;b'kof]u ug{ ;s]sf] x'“bf] xf] t, g]kfndf /fli6«o Pstfsf] k|tLssf] ¿kdf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq x'g] lyof], dfcf]jfbLn] k|rf/ u/]h:t} -Jojxf/df nfu" ePsf] sxL+ gb]lvP klg_ k|ultzLn–hgkIfLo–ju{ljxLg ;fdflhs–cfly{s Joj:yf x'g] lyof] / lat]sf s'g} klg bzssf] eGbf Hofbf lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ cfw'lgs ax'bnLo k|hftGq x'g] lyof] .

dnfO{ 8/ nflu/x]5, @)^! ;fn df3 !( ut] /fhfn] u/]sf] …s"Ú n] /fhf / /fhgLlts kf6L{aLr ;fy{s ;xdltsf] ;DefjgfnfO{ g/fd|f] u/L Iflt k'¥ofPsf] 5 . o;n] lglZrt¿kdf g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ b'O{ w'|jdf af“l8lbPsf] 5– dfcf]jfbL;“u n8\g /fhfsf] sbd cTofjZos 7fgL To;sf] :jfut ug]{ / k|hftGqsf] nflu hLjgd/0fsf] n8fO{+ n8\g zfxL clwgfosjfbsf] lgGbf ug]{ .

g]kfnaf6 cfO/x]sf] ;"rgfn] hgfp“5– w]/} g]kfnLx¿ ;f“lRr g} /fhfsf] sbdsf] :jfut ul//x]sf 5g\ lsgls pgLx¿ dfcf]jfbLsf] cTofrf/af6 cflht eO;s] / /fhgLlts g]t[Tjn] zflGt–cdgr}g sfod unf{g\ ls eGg] kTofpg} 5fl8;s] . /fhfk|ltsf] o:tf] ;dy{gnfO{ c:jLsf/ ubf{ gub}{, w]/} b]zeQm g]kfnLx¿ /fhfsf] sbdsf] lgGbf ul//x]sf 5g\ / pgsf] lgotdfly cljZjf; ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;n] s] ;fljt u/]sf] 5 eg] ;j{;Qfjfbsf] ;§fdf clwgfosjfb cfPsf] 5 .

s]xL g]kfnLx¿ /fhfnfO{ …z+sfsf] kmfObfÚ lbg rfxG5g\, pgLx¿sf cg';f/ /fhfn] of] …u/ of d/Ú sf] ;fxl;s sbdaf6 cfkm\gf] u2LnfO{ g} bfpdf nufPsf 5g\ . csf]{ kIfsf g]kfnLx¿ 7fG5g\–æk|hftGqnfO{ ;dfKt kf/]/ k|hftGq hf]ufpg]Æ k|s[ltsf] pgsf] zlQm xTofpg] sfd wf]vfk"0f{ dfq x}g, dfcf]jfbLnfO{ an k'¥ofpg] vfnsf] x'gk'u]sf] 5 . ca dfcf]jfbLx¿n] bfjL ug]{5g\– …pgLx¿sf] n8fO{+ k|hftflGqs ;/sf/sf] lj¿4 lyPg, a¿ ;8]un]sf] bdgsf/L /fhtGqsf] lj¿4 lyof] .Ú

la8Dagf, dfcf]jfbLx¿ hf] Hofg kmfn]/ /fhtGqsf] pGd"ngdf nfu]sf 5g\, pgLx¿ g} /fhfsf] of] sbdaf6 ;a}eGbf nfe kfpg] kIf x'g]5g\ .

ljz]ifu/L k|hftGqk|lt k|lta4 g]kfnsf clwsf+z cGt/f{li6«o ldqx¿n] zfxL sbdsf] lgGbf u/]sf 5g\ .

;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf dxf;lrj sf]kmL cGgfgn] /fhfsf] sbd /fi6«sf] nflu uDeL/ wSsf eg]sf 5g\ . pgn] k|hftflGqs :jtGqtf / k|hftflGqs ;+:yfx¿sf] t'¿Gt axfnLsf] dfu u/]sf 5g\ .

t/ zfxL sbdsf] lj/f]w ug]{ qmddf s] sf/0fn] o:tf] eof] eGg] s'/f klg xfdL ge'nf}+ . d"n¿kdf dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]x, g[z+; cTofrf/;lxtsf] slyt æhgo'4Æ n] g} zfxL sbdsf] nflu cfwf/ tof/ u/]sf] xf] . …v/fa sfdÚ ldnfP/ /fd|f] sfd x'“b}g . /fhfsf] sbdnfO{ dfcf]jfbLsf] æhglj/f]wL o'4Æsf] sf/0f b]vfP/ ;xL xf] eGg' sbfkL ;lsGg .

xfdLn] /fhfsf] sbdsf] lj/f]w ul//x“bf cem rsf]{ ¿kdf dfcf]jfbLsf cTofrf/sf] lgGbf ug}{k5{, g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_;“u dfu ug'{k5{– /fhgLlts kl/jt{gsf] nflu lx+;fsf] k|of]u 5f]l8of];\, rGbf c;'nL, ckx/0f / /fi6«sf] k"jf{wf/ gi6 kfg{ 5f]l8of];\ / åGå ;dfwfgsf nflu jftf{df cfpg] dfu ug'{k5{ . /fhfdf h:t} dfcf]jfbLdf klg ljZjJofkL ¿kdf :jLsfl/Psf] k|hftGq tyf dfgjclwsf/sf d"No–dfGotfsf] kfngf ug]{ bfloTj 5 .

;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] dfgjclwsf/;DaGwL pRr cfo'Qm n'O{; ca{/n] /fhfnfO{ hgfPcg';f/, g]kfn k|d'v cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/ ;lGwx¿sf] kIf /fi6« xf] . o;df g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ tL ;lGwx¿n] lglZrt u/]sf] clwsf/ pkef]u ug]{ jftfj/0f tof/ ug]{ bfloTj 5 . oL dfgjclwsf/sf d'Vo a'“bfx¿ ;+s6sfn nufotsf s:t} cj:yfdf klg lgnDag ug{ ;ls+b}g .

o:t}, pRr cfo'Qmn] dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿nfO{ klg cfkm"x¿ sfg'geGbf dfly /x]sf] / ljZjnfO{ a]jf:tf ug]{ e"n gug{ ;r]t u/fPsf 5g\ . jfNsg If]qsf o'4 ck/fwLx¿n] ef]lu/x]sf ;hfosf cfwf/df xfd|f dfcf]jfbL tyf ;}lgs g]tfx¿nfO{ of] r]tfjgL Pp6f Wofgof]Uo ;Nnfx x'g;S5 .

zflGt cfhsf] g]kfnsf] nflu tTsfnsf] cfjZostf xf], lsgls xfdLn] rfx]sf] ljsf;, k|hftGq / dfgjclwsf/ zflGtsf] cefjdf km:6fpg ;Sb}g .

t/ g]kfndf zflGt Nofpg] rflx“ s;/L <

;a}n] :jLsf/]sf 5g\, ;}lgs pkfoåf/f åGåsf] ;dfwfg x'“b}g . …;}lgs bafjaf6 dfcf]jfbLnfO{ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf Nofpg]Ú ;/sf/sf] k|of; g/fd|f];“u km]n vfO;s]sf] 5 . ;}lgs tyf /fhgLlts bafj hf/L /fVb} æzflGtk"j{s /fhgLltsf] d"nwf/df cfpgÆ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ /fhfn] u/]sf] cfx\jfgnfO{ klg pgLx¿n] l;w} c:jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ .

ljutsf] dfcf]jfbL ;}Go ;kmntfsf] sf/0f zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] hf“u/ /ftf/ft a9\g k'Uof], ;]gfk|ltsf] j}b]lzs cg'bfg Jofks a9\of] / cem åGå lj:tf/ eof] / g]kfnL ;dfhdf ;}lgsLs/0f cem lj:tf/ eof] .

bL3{sfnLg o'4n] cfkm}+ e|i6frf/ / ck/fw a9fp“5 . g]kfndf dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xn] kfg]{ c;/ eg]sf] lx+;fdf uj{ ug]{ / rGbf c;'nL tyf ckx/0fsf] ;+:s[ltsf] lj:tf/ klg xf] .

g]kfnsf] u[xo'4n] csNkgLo ¿kdf ;}Go vr{ a9fPsf] 5 . o'4 s]xLsf nflu gfkmfsf] Joj;fo aGg k'u]sf] 5 . o;n] dfgjclwsf/ pNn+3g a9fPsf] 5 / o;n] g]kfndf ;dfhsf] hu eTsfPsf] 5 .

:ki6 5, åGåsf] ;}Go–;dfwfg ;fdfGo cy{df ljsNk g} xf]Og lsgsL o;df r'sfpg'kg]{ dfgjLo d"No / bL3{sfnLg c;/ efjL g]kfnsf] nflu c:jLsfo{ 5 . To;}n] ;Demf}tfaf6 ul/g] åGå ;dfwfg g} Psdfq pko'Qm ljsNk x'g;S5 .

t/ ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] b'O{ r/0fsf] jftf{sf] c;kmntfn] ;Gb]x k}bf u/fPsf] 5– g]kfnL kf6L{x¿df åGå ;dfwfgsf nflu k/:k/ ljZjf; jf cfk;L e]bsf af/]df PsLs[t b"/b[li6 kof{Kt 5 .

s]xL dfqfdf cGt/f{li6«o ldqx¿sf] ;xof]u cfjZos 5 .

;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3, o'/f]k]nL o'lgog tyf s]xL u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿n] w]/} k6s cGt/f{li6«o dWo:ytf tyf ;xof]usf nflu cfx\jfg ul/;s]sf 5g\ . g]kfnLx¿ cfkm}+ cfkm\gf] cfGtl/s dfldnf xn ug{ ;Ifd 5g\ / x'g'k5{ eGb} ljutdf o:tf] cg'/f]wnfO{ ;/sf/n] c:jLsf/ ul/lbof] . o;sf] sf/0f …t];|f] kIfsf] ;+nUgtfdf ef/tLo ;/sf/sf]] c;xdltÚ cGbfh ul/Psf] 5 .

dnfO{ nfu]sf] 5, gof“ lz/faf6 zflGt–jftf{ yfngL ug]{ ca ;do cfPsf] 5 t/ o;k6s t];|f] kIfnfO{ ;xhstf{sf] ¿kdf ;+nUg ug'{k5{ .

g]kfnsf] zflGt k|lqmofnfO{ d2t k'¥ofpg ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] e"ldsfsf] af/]df d}n] ljutdf nfd} af]n]sf] 5' . oxf“ dnfO{ s]xL d'Vo a'“bf bf]xf]¥ofpg cg'dlt lbg'xf];\ .

o:tf] cS;/ elgG5, xfdLx¿ g]kfnLx¿aLr s} cfGtl/s j}rfl/s åGå;“u h'lw/x]sf]n] cfd¿kdf eGg'kbf{ o:tf] åGå g]kfnL cfkm}“n] xn ug'{k5{ .

d :jLsf/ u5'{, cGttM g]kfnsf] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg klg g]kfndf g} vf]Hg'k5{, Go"of]s{, lbNnL jf oxf“ n08gdf vf]Hg] xf]Og . t/ h];'s} sf/0faf6 xf];\ xfdL g]kfnLx¿ cfkm“} åGåsf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gf}+ eg] xfdLn] xfd|f cGt/f{li6«o ldq Pj+ lxt}ifLx¿;“u …;Nnfx / ;xof]uÚsf] nflu cg'/f]w ug{ lxlRsrfpg' x'“b}g . cflv/, ul/aL lgjf/0f, ef]sd/L, clzIffb]lv e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f / ;'zf;gsf] ljsf;;Ddsf sfdsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]u dfUg] Pj+ :jLsfg{ xfdLnfO{ afgL kl/;s]s} 5 .

xfd|f] cfGtl/s åGådf uf]nf–af¿b / n8fs" x]lnsK6/h:tf ;}lgs ;xfotfsf] nflu rflx“ afx\o ;xof]u lng x'g] t/ zflGt jxfnLsf] nflu rflx“ afx\o ;xof]u jlh{t ug'{kg]{ s;/L x'g;S5 < ha;Dd afx\o ;xof]u yf]kl/+b}g t/ åGå/t b'j} kIfsf] ;xdltdf g]kfn cfkm}“n] dfu u5{ eg] o:tf] ;xof]usf] t xfdL ;a}n] v'Nnf lbnn] :jfut ug{'k5{ .

dnfO{ cfzf 5, l:ylt c¿ glalu|b} / afx\o hutn] ljZjzflGt / ;'/Iffdf ;f“lRr s} vt/f dx;'; gub}{ cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]u cfx\jfg ug]{ a'l4 xfdLdf cfpg]5 . olb To;f]g ePdf xfdLn] glrtfPs} j}b]lzs x:tIf]k xfdLdfly nflbg]5, h'g xfd|} If]qdf oxL bzsleq w]/} b]zx¿df b]lvO;s]sf] 5 .

b]z k"0f{tM h+unL /fh ePsf] a]sf/–e"lddf kl/0ft x'g'cl3 / cgk]lIft ljb]zL x:tIf]k b'ikl/0ffd ef]Ug'sf] ;§f, s] zflGt axfnLsf] nflu g]kfn cfkm“}n] ;xof]usf] dfu ug'{ /fd|f] xf]Og / <

o;sf] dtnj cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]un] zflGt Nofp“5 g} eGg]rflx“ xf]Og . zflGt jftf{ ;'¿ u/fpgsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfo;“u klg s'g} hfb"sf] 58L 5}g . cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfon] Jofj;flos–lj1 ;xof]u ug{ ;S5 / Odfgbf/ dWo:ystf{, ;xhstf{, Uof/]G6Lbftfsf] w}o{jfg\ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;S5 jf egf}+ g]kfnL jftf{sf/x¿nfO{ ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L ;fIfL al;lbg ;S5 .

o;}ul/ of] ;dodf g]kfnsf /fhf / ;]gfn] klg P]ltxfl;s lg0f{osf] ;fdgf ug'{kg]{5 . clxn] g]kfnsf] o'jf–ljBfyL{ k':tfdf Jofks dfqfdf u0ftflGqs efjgf lj:tf/ eO/x]sf] 5, h'g dfcf]jfbLx¿df dfq ;Lldt 5}g .

/, clxn] /fhfsf] sbdkl5 w]/} d"nwf/sf ;+;bLo kf6L{x¿ hf] ljutb]lv g} ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqnfO{ ;dy{g ub}{ cfO/x]sf lyP, To;k|ltsf] cfkm\gf] akmfbf/Ldf / /fi6«df To;sf] pkfb]otfdfly uDeL/ k|Zg ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . /fhkl/jf/sf s]xL ;b:osf] Jojxf/n] klg /fhtGqk|ltsf] ;Ddfg cem Ifo ul/lbPsf] 5 .

olb g]kfndf /fh;+:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] / ljsl;t ug]{ xf] eg] /fhfn] gful/s clwsf/ tyf k|hftflGqs ;+:yfx¿nfO{ k'g:yf{lkt ug]{ / cfkm\gf] 5ljnfO{ ;'wfg]{h:tf c;fwf/0f k|ultzLn sfd ug'{kg]{5 .

g]kfnsf] ;]gfsf] b]zleq /fi6«sf] /Ifs tyf ljZjdf zflGtsf] /Ifssf] ¿kdf uf}/jzfnL Oltxf; 5 . oxf“ a]nfotdf uf]vf{nLx¿sf] axfb'/ Jofj;flos l;kfxLsf ¿kdf lgisn+s x}l;ot 5 .

of] kl/j]zdf ;a}eGbf b'MvnfUbf] s'/f s] eof] eg] zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Jojxf/ cfkm\g} 3/leqsf] åGådf eg] dfgjclwsf/ pNn+3gsf sf/0f bfubf/ aGg k'Uof] . w]/} ;|f]taf6 tyf ljleGg cj;/df pNn]lvt ;]gfsf] HofbtLn] kfPsf] b08xLgtfn] xfd|f] /QmfDd] /fhgLltsf] of] k|d'v c+uk|lt yk cgf:yf k}bf ul/lbof] .

of] ;dodf hltv]/ zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] clws dfqfdf ah]6, hjfg / xftxltof/ kfO/x]sf] 5, To;n] ljZjdf k|l;4 uf]vf{nL ;]gfsf] gfd cg';f/sf] sfd ug{ ;a}eGbf cg'zfl;t kmf}h aGg'k5{ .

/, ;+;bLo /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] klg cfkm\gf] k|lti7fnfO{ k'gM xfl;n ug{ d'Vo r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ug'{kg]{5 .

cfGtl/s k|hftGq / kf/blz{tfsf] cefjn] /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf] phf{nfO{ sdhf]/ kfl/lbPsf] 5 . :yfgLo txdf hglgjf{lrt lgsfosf] cefjdf ePsf /fhgLlts l:y/tfn] kf6L{x¿nfO{ hg:t/df sdhf]/ kfl/lbPsf] 5, h'g l/Qmtf k|foh;f] clgjf{lrt dfcf]jfbLx¿n] el/Psf 5g\ .

ljutdf sltko kf6L{–g]tfx¿n] cfkm" ;Qfdf /x“bf ;'zf;gsf] g}lts dfGotfnfO{ ;d]t a]jf:tf ub}{ kbsf] b'¿kof]u u/] . km]l/ pgLx¿ g} ;Qfaf6 aflxl/gf;fy kl/kSj, /rgfTds ljkIfLsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{eGbf ;Qfdf /xg]nfO{ s';L{af6 v;fNgdf g} lnKt /x] .

ljutsf] uNtLaf6 lzIff ln+b} kf6L{x¿n] PSn} jf ;fd"lxs ¿kdf eljiosf] nflu cfrf/;+lxtf lgdf{0f u/]/ cl3 a9\g' h¿/L x'g]5 .

df3 !( ut]eGbf cufl8sf] oyfl:yltdf kms{g] cj:yf ca /x]g lsgls xfdL clxn] k|hftGq lqmofzLn /x]sf] pGgt ;dodf 5}gf}+ .

olb hgtfsf] ljZjf; / ;Ddfg lhTg] xf] eg] g]kfnsf /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] cfkm"nfO{ ca k'g;{+/rgf ug}{k5{– ultzLn / gof“ g]t[TjnfO{ cufl8 Nofpg'k5{, cfkm\gf s]xL k'/fgf afgLnfO{ km]g'{k5{, bf];|f]k6s cfkm"nfO{ k'g:yf{lkt ub}{ zfxL clwgfosjfb / dfcf]jfbL ;j{;Qfjfbsf] aLrdf /fi6«nfO{ Pp6f :j:y dWojtL{ :yfg pknAw u/fpg'k5{ .

/, xfdL u}/–cfjf;Lo g]kfnL;lxtsf] g]kfnL gful/s ;dfhn] cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 xfd|f ;fyL–;+ultx¿ / g]tfx¿nfO{ ;xL lg0f{o lng k|f]T;flxt Pj+ ;xof]u ug'{k5{ .

clxn] g]kfnsf] nflu klxnf] sfd eg]sf] lhDd]jf/ t];|f] kIf– ;Dej eP;Dd ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3nfO{ t'¿Gt} zflGtjftf{nfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug{ cfdGq0f ug'{ xf] .

lgM;Gb]x, clxn] cfw'lgs g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df ;a}eGbf v/fa ;do xf] . t/ o;sf afah'b g]kfnL hgtfsf] pT;fx eg] 6'l6;s]sf] 5}g . d leq}b]lv of] cj:yfdf xfd|f ldqx¿sf] ;fx;sf] sb/ u5'{ .

o:tf] cK7\of/f] ;dodf klg xfdLn] cfzf u'dfpg' x'“b}g / lx+;fTds åGåsf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgsf] pko'Qm af6f] vf]Hgsf] nflu g]kfnsf ;a} /fhgLlts v]nf8Lx¿ / cGt/f{li6«o ldqx¿nfO{ k]|l/t ug}{k5{ .

xfdLn] xfd|f tL dxfg ;lxbx¿k|lt ;Ddfg hgfpg}k5{, h;n] xfd|f] b]zsf] nflu cfkm\gf] cd"No hLjg g} lbP . k|hftGqk|ltsf] xfd|f] ljZjf;df xfdL k|lta4 /xg}k5{ . /, xfdLn] xfd|f] ;fd"lxs cfzf, k|of;nfO{ gjLs/0f ug}{k5{ / km]l/ Psk6s xfd|f] Kof/f] g]kfnnfO{ ;'Gb/ zfGt, ljzfn agfpg] sfdgf ug}{k5{ .

-;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf ;xfos dxf;lrj uf}tdn] kmfu'g ( ut] n08gdf cfof]lht g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ;Dd]ngdf JoQm ug'{ePsf] dGtJosf] ;Dkflbt c+z_

k|hftGqsf] lglDt lbNnLdf ;Dd]ng

sf7df8f}+ . Ps bh{g ef/tLo bnx¿n] g]kfnsf] k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngk|lt P]Soa4tf k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ . k|hftGq k'gj{xfnLsf nflu g]kfndf ;~rfng x'g] cfGbf]ngdf ;s] hlt ;xof]u ug]{ 3f]if0ff ub}{ tL bnx¿n] g]kfnsf /fhgLlts kf6L{nfO{ Pstfa4 / h'emf¿ cfGbf]ng yfNg ;'emfj lbPsf 5g\ .

df3 !( sf] 36gfkl5 g]kfnsf] l:yltsf af/]df uPsf] kmfu'g !# ut] ef/tsf] /fhwfgL gof“ lbNnLdf Ps bh{g ef/tLo bnx¿n] …g]kfn k|hftGq P]Soa4tf ;Dd]ngÚ sf] cfof]hgf u/]sf lyP . g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bn;d]tsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] ;f] ;Dd]ngdf ef/tsf k"j{ k|wfgdGqLx¿, s'6gLlt1, k|fWofks / /fhgLlts bnsf zLif{:y g]tfx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ef/tLo /fli6«o sf+u|];, ef/tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{, ef/tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfS;{jfbL_, ef/tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfS;{jfbL–n]lggjfbL_, ;f]l;olni6 k|mG6, /fli6«o nf]sbn, ;dfhjfbL kf6L{, km/jf8{ Ans, hgljsf; sf+u|];, ho hjg ho ls;g kf6L{ / ef/tLo a'l4hLjLx¿sf] cfof]hgfdf ;f] ;Dd]ng ePsf] lyof] .

ef/tLo k"j{ k|wfgdGqL rGb|z]v/n] )$^ sf] hgcfGbf]ngsf a]nf cfkm" g]kfn cfPsf] :d/0f ub}{ clxn]sf] ;d:of g]kfnsf] dfq gePsf] atfpg'eof] . AolQmut cfsf+Iffsf] cfwf/df s/f]8f}+ gful/ssf] eljiodfly v]njf8 ug{ gx'g] wf/0ff /fVb} To:tf] sfo{ cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfosf nflu ;}x\o gx'g] atfp“b} pxf“n] eGg'eof]–k|hftGqk|lt ljZjf; x'g] hf];'s}n] klg k|hftGqsf] /Iffsf nflu ;xof]u ug'{kg]{ wf/0ff x'G5 .Ú ef/tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfS;{jfbL_ sf dxf;lrj xl/lszg l;+x ;'/lhtn] g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bn / g]tfx¿nfO{ hah{:tL e"ldut x'g a“Wo agfOPsf]df b'Mv AoQm ub}{ g]kfnsf] k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngk|lt ef/tLo hgtf / kf6L{x¿sf] ;xof]u /xg] atfpg'eof] . ef/tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf dxf;lrj PjL a4{gn] g]kfnL hgtfn] k|hftGqsf nflu k6sk6s alnbfgL lbg'k/]sf] :d/0f ub}{ ca PsLs[t / :ki6 cfGbf]ng ug'{kg]{ ;'emfj lbg'eof] . g]kfn / ef/tsf dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] ;f“7uf“7sf] qf; b]vfP/ lg/+s'ztfnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg gx'g] ljrf/ klg pxf“n] AoQm ug'{eof] . gof“ kl/l:yltdf ;}lgs ;xfotf /f]Sg cfkm"n] ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL dgdf]xg l;+x;“u s'/f ubf{ t];|f] d'n'saf6 xftxltof/ cfpg] cfz+sf u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbb}+ pxf“n] eGg'eof]–…t/ xfdLn] k|hftGqk|ltsf] xfd|f] k|lta4tf 5f]8\g'x'b}g .Ú k"j{ k|wfgdGqL jLkL l;+xn] g]kfnsf] k|hftGqk|lt ef/tsf] k'/fgf] k|lta4tf /x]sf] atfp“b} Tof] k/Dk/f sfod /xg] ljZjf; k|s6 ug'{eof] . cb"/bzL{ sbdsf sf/0f ;a}n] b'Mv kfpg] atfp“b} l;+xn] eGg'eof]–…lg/+s'ztfsf] cGTo / k|hftGqsf] axfnLsf nflu ef/tn] cfkm\gf] k|ofz tLa| agfpg'k5{ .Ú

g]kfnsf nflu k"j{ ef/tLo /fhb"t k|f= ljdnk|;fbn] cfGbf]ngsf nflu ;a} If]qsf] plQs} ;xof]u k|fKt x'g'kg]{df hf]8 lbb}+ ef/tn] k|hftGqsf] kIfdf

cfkm\gf] :k6 c8fg /fv]sf], km]a|'c/L ! tfl/vaf6 ;}lgs ;xof]u /f]Ssf u/]sf] / g]kfndf /fhgLlts l:y/tf rfx]sf] atfpg'eof] . g]kfnsf /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿aLr Pstfsf] cefj /x]sf] cg'ej ;'gfp“b} pxf“n] o:tf 36gfaf6 lzIff lng / eljiodf Psh'6 eO/xg ;d]t bnx¿nfO{ ;'emfj lbg'eof] . efskf -dfn]_ sf dxf;lrj lbk+s/ e§rfo{n] g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bnnfO{ cfkm\gf] ljutaf6 lzIff lng ;'emfj lbb}+ hgtfsf] xftdf k"0f{ ;fj{ef}ldstf :Yffkgfsf nflu cfGbf]ng ug{ ;'emfj lbg'eof] . pxf“n] cg]s axfgdf k|jf;L g]kfnLx¿nfO{ ef/tdf b'Mv lbg] ul/Psf] / To;df g]kfnL / ef/tLo zf;s jUf{sf] ldn]dtf] /x]sf] cf/f]k;d]t nufpg'eof] . ef/tLo /fli6«o sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /f]d]z e08f/Ln] hgtfdflysf] bdgn] s'g} klg Aoj:yf ;kmn gx'g] atfp“b} O/fgsf /fhfn] b]z 5f]8\g' k/]sf] Oltxf;sf] k|;+u pNn]v ug'{eof] . km/jf8{ Anssf dxf;lrj b]ja|t ljZjf;n] hlt;Sbf] rf“8f] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ng yfNg ;'emfj lbb}+ ;+;f/df hgtfsf] dfq} lht x'g] ljZjf; AoQm ug'{eof] . afx\o / cfGtl/s b'a} ;dy{g gePsf] zf;g s;/L l6S5 < eGg] k|Zg ub}{ pxf“n] eGg'eof]–…ef/tLo hgtf / bnx¿sf] g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfGbf]ngdf ;fd'lxs / AolQmut ;xof]u /xg] 5 .Ú ;f];lni6 k|mG6sf ;+of]hs ljho k|tfkn] hgtfsf] :jfledfg / clwsf/sf nflu g]kfndf hgcfGbf]ngsf] ljsNk gePsf] atfpg'eof] . ef/tLo hgtf kf6L{nfO{ g]kfnsf] k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngdf ;xof]u ug{ cfu|x ub}{ pxf“n] PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf lxGb'Tjsf] gf/f c;fGble{s ePsf] atfpg'eof] .

;Dd]ngdf /fli6«o nf]sbnsf clht l;+x, k|f= clgn ld>, jl/i7 ;dfhjfbL g]tf ;'/]Gb| df]xg, hgljsf; sf+u|];sf ;efklt lblnkl;+x e'l/of, ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sf g]tf lj|he'if0f ltjf/L, nvgp ljZjljBfnosf k|fWofks /d]z bLlIftnufotn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . ;Dd]ngdf g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o uf]ljGb sf]O/fnf, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s[i0fk|;fb l;6f}nf, k|hftflGqs sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k|lbk lu/L, hgdf]rf{sf g]tf lrqaxfb'/ s];L, ;b\efjgf -cfgGbLb]jL_ sf pkfWoIf /fh]Gb| dxtf]nufotsf] klg ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

;+s6sfn cg'df]bg u/fpg Wofgfsif{0f

sf7df8f}+ . /fli6«o;efsf P3f/ hgf ;f+;bx¿n] oyfzL3| /fli6«o;efsf] a}7s af]nfpg dfu u/]sf 5g\ . tL ;f+;bx¿n] zfxL 3f]if0ff lkmtf{ lng, ;+s6sfn x6fpg, lu/km\tf/ g]tf, sfo{stf{, kqsf/ / dfgj clwsf/jfbLx¿nfO{ tTsfn gh/aGb / lx/f;taf6 d'Qm ug{ dfu u/]sf 5g\ . pxf“x¿n] df}lns clwsf/ axfnL ug{, k|];dflysf] lgoGq0f x6fpg / jftf{sf] dfWodåf/f åGåsf] ;dfwfgdf cl3 a9\g /fli6«o ;xdltsf] jftfj/0f agfpg cfx\jfg;d]t ug'{ePsf] 5 .

;f+;bx¿ sfzLgfy clwsf/L, jfr:klt b]jsf]6f, pjf{bQ kGt, s]bf/ Gof}kfg], a]b'/fd e';fn, nfnaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{, ljz]Zj/f bfxfn, nIdLbf; dfgGw/, nlnts'df/ a:g]t, dx]zdl0f bLlIft / >Ldfof ysfnL x'g'x'G5 . uPsf] kmfu'g !$ ut] /fli6«o;efsf] ;+;bLo bn sfof{nodf a;]sf] Ps a}7skl5 hf/L lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5–…d'n's åGån] uDeL/ cj:yfdf k'lu/x]sf] a]nf @)^! ;fn df3 !( ut] zfxL 3f]if0ffåf/f c;fdfGo l:yltsf] axfgfdf Oltxf;nfO{ k5fl8 kmsf{pg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] cIf/ / efjgf b'j}nfO{ lgd{dtfk"j{s s'lNrP/ k|hftGqdfly wfjf af]lnPsf] 5 . ;+s6sfnsf] cj:yfdf hgtfsf cfwf/e"t clwsf/x¿ vf]l;g' x'“b}g eGg] ljZjJofkL dfGotfsf] 7f8f] pNn+3g ul/Psf] 5 . tdfd\ gful/s xs vf];]/ b]znfO{ lg/+s'ztfsf] c“Wof/f] ;'¿ªdf ws]Ng] sfd ePsf] 5 .Ú

;f+;bx¿n] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg–@)$& sf] wf/f !!% -^_ cfslif{t ePsf] hgfp“b} /fli6«o;efsf] a}7s af]nfpg klg dfu ug'{ePsf] 5 . pQm wf/fsf] 5 df elgPsf] 5–…k|ltlglw;ef lj3l6t ePsf] cj:yfdf pkwf/f -@_, -#_, -$_ / -%_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu k|ltlglw;efsf] clwsf/sf] k|of]u /fli6«o;efn] ug]{5 .Ú uPsf] df3 !( ut] /fhfåf/f rflnPsf] sbdkZrft\ nfu" ePsf] ;+s6sfn ;+ljwfg jdf]lhd /fli6«o ;efaf6 cg'df]bg ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf ;d]t ;f+;bx¿sf] hf]8bf/ dfu /x]sf] 5 .

c;kmntf 5f]Kg cf/f]k

sf7df8f}+ . k//fi6«dGqL /d]zgfy kf08]sf lglDt c;kmntfsf] ofqf k|f/De ePsf] 5 . df3 !( sf] zfxL 3f]if0ffk"j{ …ef/t, cd]l/sf, rLg / a]nfotsf] ;dy{g h'6fpg] lhDdf d]/f] eof]Ú eg]/ k//fi6«dGqL x'g'ePsf kf08] Ps dlxgfs} cjlwdf 3f]lift sfddf k"0f{ c;kmn 7xl/Psf] zLtn lgjf; kl/;/df rrf{ x'g yfn]sf] 5 . lgs6:yx¿n] dGqL kf08] c;Ifd / c;kmn 7xl/g] lrGtfn] 56\kl6g yfNg'ePsf] hgfPsf 5g\ .

@)$# ;fn c;f/ @ ut] k~rfotL Joj:yfsf tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL dl/rdfgl;+x >]i7sf] g]t[Tjdf >d tyf ;fdflhs sNof0f dGqL lgo'Qm kf08] k'gM )$^ r}q !( ut] >]i7s} g]t[Tjdf pBf]u tyf ;+rf/dGqL agfOg'ePsf] lyof] . k~rfotL Joj:yflj¿4sf] cfGbf]ng;“u} dl/rdfgl;+x >]i7sf]

;/sf/ 9Nof] / pxf“sf] /fhgLlts eljio s]xL ;dosf nlfu cf]em]nlt/ ws]lnof] . t/ dGqL kf08]sf] 5]kf/fn] h:t} /+u km]g{ / gfsn] hdLg 6]s]/ rfs8L ug{ ;Ifd JolQmTjsf sf/0f s'g} lx;fan] u'dgfd eP/ a:g'k/]g . jLkLb]lv lul/hf, ;LkLb]lv dfwj g]kfn / k|r08–afa'/fd e§/fO{;Dd /fd|f] ;DaGw sfod ub}{ kf08] clxn]sf dGqLx¿n] abgfd ul//x]sf] @)$* b]lv xfn;Dd lg/Gt/ /fli6«o ;efsf] ;b:o alg/xg ;kmn ePsf] tYo s;}af6 l5k]sf] 5}g . lg/Gt/ ;f+;b eO/x“bf )$* b]lv @)%! ;Dd dfl;s !! xhf/, @)%@ b]lv @)%& ;Dd dfl;s !^ xhf/ / To;otfsf] dfl;s @! xhf/sf] df]6f] lx;fan] ;d]t kf08]sf] lglDt pxf“åf/f xfn abgfd ug]{ qmd rln/x]sf] ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] sfndf hDdf @^ nfv j}wflgs ;'ljwf xft kfl/;s]sf] tYo kfOG5 . o; cjlwdf pxf“ ;'ljwf jfkt kh]/f] leq\ofpg, cf}iflw pkrf/ jfkt Pp6} lanaf6 nfvf}+ ¿k}of“ ;+;b ;lrjfnoaf6 vr{ u/fpg klg ;kmn x'g'ePsf] 5 .

dGqL kf08] >L % af6 dgf]lgt ;f+;b eOsg k|d'v kf6L{sf g]tfx¿sxf“ xKtfdf ;ft} lbg wfP/ @)%^ df ul7t lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf g]t[Tjsf] g]sf–Pdfn]sf] r'gfjL ;/sf/df hg;+Vof tyf jftfj/0f dGqL aGg ;d]t ;kmn ePsf] ljutn] b]vfp“5 . hals /fhfaf6 dgf]lgt cGo sf]xL ;f+;bx¿ klg o;/L dGqL aGg dl/xQ] u/]sf] e]l6+b}g . oltdfq xf]Og, @)%( c;f]h !* sf] ;Qfkn6 kZrft\ kf08] k'gM ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/dGqL eP/ rGbsf] g]t[Tjsf] 6Lsf/fd ;/sf/df lgs} xfnLdxf'nL u/]sf] b]lvGYof] . t/ b]zdf zflGt axfn ug{ / hgk|ltlglw zf;g :yfkgf ug{ g;Sbf pxf“ ;d]t x6]/ ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfsf] g]t[Tjdf >L % af6} gof“ ;/sf/ u7g ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f]djf/ /ftL 6]nLlehgdfkm{t\ dGqL kf08]n] lat]sf] afx| jif{sf] k|hftGq, b]pjf, rGb, yfkf / k'gM b]pjf ;/sf/sf] c;kmntf b]lvPsf] eGg] cfzosf ;fy af]ln/x“bf cfkm" ;d]t k6s–k6s c;kmn ;fljt ePsf] gb]Vg' pb]snfUbf] kIf xf] . pxf“ /fli6«o ;efsf] cWoIfsf nflu pDd]bjf/ eP/ k/flht ePsf] ljut ;d]t olta]nf zfob ;Demg'x'Gg . oltdfq} xf]Og, tTsfnLg ;/sf/n] cft+sjfbL ls6fg u/L 6fpsfsf] d"No tf]ls;s]sf dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08 / afa'/fd e§/fO{nfO{ u'Kt¿kdf uf]/vk'/;Dd k'u]/ e]6]sf] / 7"n} axfb'/L u/]sf] eGb} k|rf/afhL 5]8]sf] ljutnfO{ ;d]t clxn] sf]6\ofp“g} rfxg'x'Gg .

clxn] PsbnLo tfgfzfxL / lg/+s'ztf ePsf sltko b]zx¿n] awfO{ / z'esfdgf k7fPsf] eGg] k|rf/ 5]8]/ dGqL kf08] kbdf l6ls/xg rfx]sf] k|i6} b]lvG5 . t/ tLg /fhfsf] ljZjf; cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt ePsf] eGg kl5 gkg]{ pxf“åf/f o;kfln /fd|} ljZjf;3ft ePsf] cg'e"lt x'g yfn]sf] t xf]Og < eGg] rrf{ x'g yfn]sf] 5 . zfxL sbdk|ltsf] cGt/f{li6«o k|ltlqmof ;DaGwdf dGqL kf08]n] lat]sf] !% jif{nfO{ bf]if lbP/ pDsg vf]Hg' g}lts s'/f x'G5 / < 6+s 9sfn / v8\uaxfb'/ lh;Lsf lglDt o;f] ug{ ldN5, t/ /d]zgfy kf08] / /fwfs[i0f d}gfnLn] bnx¿nfO{ ;/fk]/ cfkm\gf] df]6f] z/L/ / c;kmntfsf] sf/0f 9fSg ;dej xf]nf / <

b'O{ dGqLsf] sdfpg] bfp

sf7df8f}+ . Ps dxgfb]lv lqmofzLn dGqLkl/ifb\sf b'O{ dGqLx¿n] dGqL kbsf] /fd|} ;b'kof]u ug]{ 5f“6 b]lvPsf] 5 . lzIff tyf v]ns'b dGqL /fwfs[i0f d}gfnL / >d tyf oftfoft Joj:yf dGqL /fdgf/fo0f l;+xn] …;b'kof]usf/L dGqLÚ sf] ¿kdf cfkm\gf] 5lj lgdf{0f ug{ nfUg'ePsf] yfxf ePsf] 5 .

dGqL ePsf] nuQ} emfkfl:yt cfkm\gf] k'Vof}{nL 3/df dfcf]jfbLn] cfuf] nufOlbPkl5 gSsnL Iflt ljj/0f k]z u/]/ dGqL d}gfnLn] clxn] /fHosf]ifaf6 nfvf}+ ¿k}of“ c;'Ng] tof/L ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . sl/a b'O{ nfv klg d"No gkg]{ 3/sf] a9L d"Nofª\sg u/L df]6} /sd xft kfg]{ pxf“sf] bfp /x]sf] 5 . ;'¿ª\uf uflj;–@ hfd'gaf8Ldf /x]sf] dGqL d}gfnLsf] k'Vof}{nL 3/ hn]kl5 d}gfnL :jod\n] @% b]lv #) nfv ¿k}of“ Iflt ePsf] d"Nofª\sg ;fj{hgls ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] ToxL xf/fxf/Lsf] Ifltk"lt{ k|flKtsf] nflu l;kmfl/z u/L k7fpg :yfgLo k|zf;gnfO{ bjfj lbg'ePsf] 5 . t/ dGqL d}gfnLsf] 3/ a]rljvg ubf{ @ nfveGbf a9L gcfpg] :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿ atfp“5g\ . …pQm 3/ clxn] eTsfP/ a]Rbf b'O{ nfveGbf a9L cfp“b}gYof] .Ú :yfgLo j]b/fh /]UdLn] a'wjf/;+u eGg'eof] .

@)#%÷#^ ;fnlt/ agfOPsf] pQm 3/ Toltv]/ @%÷#) xhf/df ag]sf] lyof] . sf7sf] vDaf ePsf] / l6gn] 5fPsf] ;f] 3/sf] ;]G6/ a]/f nufOPsf] lyof] . dGqL d}gfnLsL >LdtL /flwsf d}gfnL / ;f“lxnf efO cRo't d}gfnLn] ;f] 3/ agfpg'ePsf] lyof] . clxn] ;f] 3/df d}gfnL kl/jf/sf s'g} klg ;b:o a:b}gy] . kf7s y/sf Pshgf s'¿jfsf] lhDdf pQm 3/ 5f]l8Psf] lyof] . dGqL d}gfnLn] @)%^ ;fnkl5 ;f] 3/df kfOnf g6]Sg'ePsf] atfOG5 . @)%% ;fnd} d}gfnLn] ;f] 3/ / $ ljufxf hUuf @@ nfvdf a]Rg vf]Hg'ePsf] lyof] t/ u|fxsn] a9L d"No k/]sf] eGb} glsg]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . t/ clxn] ;f]xL 3/sf] ef8f @% b]lv #) nfv;Dd Iflt ePsf] d"Nofª\sg u/fP/ /fHosf]ifaf6 nfvf}+ s'DNofpg] d}gfnLsf] bfp /x]sf] b]lvG5 . htf uP klg s'DNofpg] afgL nfu]sf dGqL d}gfnL clxn]sf] df}sfnfO{ ;b'kof]u ub}{ olt 7"nf] /sd c;'Ng] of]hgf /xg'ePsf] atfOG5 .

csf{ dGqL l;+xsf] ;nf{xL ;'Gb/k'/l:yt k'Vof}{nL km';sf] 5fgf ePsf tLgj6f ;–;fgf 3/df uPsf] kmfu'gsf] klxnf] xKtf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] cfuf] nufO{ hnfOlbPsf lyP . dGqL l;+xn] tL 3/x¿sf] a9L d"Nofª\sg u/L /fHosf]ifaf6 nfvf}+ /sd c;'Ng] bfp ug'{ePsf] b]lvG5 . pxf“n] hn]sf tL /fdem'k8Lx¿sf] !% nfv d"Nofª\sg ug'{ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo k|zf;gn] eg] dGqL l;+xsf] 3/sf] % nfv dfq d"Nofª\sg u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo k|zf;gåf/f d"Nofª\sg ul/Psf] eGbf tLg u'gf a9L /sdsf] bfjL ug'{ dGqL l;+xsf] kbdf /x“bf …t/Ú dfg]{ bfpdfq /x]sf] 5 .

c;xof]un] cy{tGqdf ;+s6 cfpg]

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfnsf] kl/jlt{t /fhgLlts 36gfqmdnfO{ dWogh/ u/L cGt/f{li6«o bft[ ;d'bfox¿n] ;xof]u /f]Sg] lg0f{o u/]kZrft\ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] If]qdf uDeL/ ;+s6 pTkGg x'g] cj:yf b]lvPsf] 5 .

bft[ /fi6« / ;+:yfx¿n] k|hftflGqs k|lqmof cj¿4 ePsf] cj:yfdf ;xof]un] lg/Gt/tf kfpg g;Sg] eGb} ;xof]u /sd wdfwd s6f}tL ug]{ qmd yfn]sf 5g\ . gful/s :jtGqtf Pj+ dfgj clwsf/sf] xgg ePsf] cj:yfdf ljb]zL ;xof]usf] plrt ;b'kof]u x'g g;Sg] eGb} ljZj a}+s, 8]lg8f, :jL; ljsf; ;xfotf lgof]u -P;8L;L_ n] g]kfnnfO{ pknAw u/fp“b} cfPsf] ;xof]u /sd /f]Sg] lg0f{o u/]sf 5g\ . tL bftfx¿n] g]kfnsf] ;du| ljsf;df ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv ;xfotf lb+b} cfPsf lyP . o;/L ;xfotf /f]Sg] lg0f{on] cGo bftf /fi6«x¿ klg k|efljt x'g] ;Defjgf a9]sf] 5 .

ljZj a}+sn] rfn' cfly{s jif{df % ca{ ¿k}of“ ;xof]u ug]{ ;xdlt u/]sf] lyof] . ljQLo / k|zf;lgs ;'wf/ tLa| gkf/]sf], a}+ssf] C0f lnP/ lgotj; gltg]{x¿dflysf] sf/jfxL gePsf], >d P]gdf nlrnf]kgf glbPsf] / k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No

;dfof]hgnufotsf zt{x¿ k"/f gePsf] pNn]v ub}{ ljZj a}+ssf] d'Vofnon] ;xof]u :ylut ubf{ g]kfnsf] kl/jlt{t /fhgLlts 36gfqmdk|lt ;d]t ;+s]t u/]sf] 5 .

ljZj a}+sn] g]kfnl:yt cfkm\gf cfjf;Lo k|ltlglw d]Yo" sxfg]nfO{ d'Vofnodf la|lkmËsf] lglDt af]nfPsf]n] pxf“ cd]l/sf k|:yfg ul/;s]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . cfufdL dfr{ * tfl/vsf lbg a}+sdf g]kfnsf] cj:yfaf/] pQm la|lkmË x'g] ;Defjgf /x]sf] / tt\kZrft a}+ssf] 7f]; lg0f{o ;fj{hlgs x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . ljZj a}+sn] ah]6df ug]{ ;xof]u b]zsf ljleGg cfof]hgfdfkm{t\ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] If]qdf nufgL x'“b} cfPsf] lyof] . d'Vo bftfx¿dWo] 8]lg8fn] o; jif{ 8]9 ca{ ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] eg]sf] lyof] . pQm ;xof]u cGtu{t jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ;d'bfosf] ljsf;, cfGtl/s /fh:j ;'b[9Ls/0f ;DaGwLof]hgf ;+rflnt lyP . t/ 8]lg8f ;xof]u /f]s]/ kms]{kl5 tL of]hgf cnkq kg]{ ePsf 5g\ . u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ / ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ;xfotfsf] :jL; ljsf; ;xfotf lgof]u -P;8L;L_n] k|hftflGqs jftfj/0fsf] axfnL geP;Dd rfn" cfly{s jif{df lbg] ! ca{ @% s/f]8 ¿k}of“ /f]Ssf x'g] ePsf] 5 . o;n] ;d'bfosf] ljsf;df gsf/fTds k|efj kfg]{ dx;'; ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .

rfn" cfly{s jif{df ljsf; ah]6 cGtu{t #! ca{ %& s/f]8 /sd vr{ ug]{ cg'dfg 5 . o;sf] lglDt bftfx¿af6 #@ ca{ ¿k}of“sf] ;xof]u / C0f k|fKtL ug]{ ck]Iff g]kfnsf] 5 . l;+uf] ljsf; ah]6 wfGg] ljb]zL ;xof]u /f]lsPkl5 ljsf; lgdf{0fsf ;Dk"0f{ sfdx¿ 7Kk x'g] ePsf 5g\ . cd]l/sf, ef/t, a]nfotn] kl/jlt{t /fhgLlts 36gfqmdk|lt cf–cfkm\gf] c;Gt'i6L JoQm ul/;s]sf 5g\ . g]kfnsf] ;du| ;xof]udf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'¥ofp“b} cfPsf lkmgNof08, Sofgf8f, gj]{, hd{gL, ci6]«lnofnufotsf bftf /fi6« klg /fhgLlts 36gfk|lt v';L 5}gg\ . pgLx¿n] g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts 36gfqmdsf] cWoog ul//x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . k|hftGqsf] xgg / gful/s :jtGqtf lagf ;xof]u x'g] ;Defjgf g/x]sf] s'/f tL/fi6«n] atfp“b} cfPsf 5g\ .

g]kfnsf] ljsf;df k|d'v ;xof]uL bftf Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}+s -P8LjL_ n] rfn" jif{df $ ca{ ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] sfo{qmd /x]sf]df ca gof“ ;Demf}tf ug]{ ;Defjgf g/x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . bftfx¿sf] of] c;Gt'i6Ln] /fi6«sf] l;+uf] ljsf;df c;/ k'Ug] b]lvPsf] 5 . ef/t, a]nfotsf] ;}Go ;xof]u /f]Sg] lg0f{on] ;fwf/0f vr{sf] cg'dflgt ah]6df ;d]t a[l4 x'g] ;+s]t b]lvPsf] 5 . ;}lgs ;xfotfsf] s6f}tLn] ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ rflxg] uf]nLu­¶f ;d]t ljsf; ah]6 s6f}tL U/]/ vr{ ug'{kg]{ cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 .

kf]v/fdf tLg bh{g lu/km\tf/

kf]v/f . k|hftGq / hgclwsf/ axfnLsf] dfu ub}{ k|bz{g ug]{ /fhgLlts sfo{stf{dfly k|x/Ln] Aofks w/ks8 u/]sf] 5 . d+unjf/ kf]v/fdf g]skf -Pdfn]_ n] cfof]hgf u/]sf tLgj6f h'n';af6 k|x/Ln] sl/j tLg bh{g sfo{stf{nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] 5 eg] tgx'“af6 tLghgfnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] 5 .

kf]v/fdf k|x/Ln] cg]/f:jljo'sf k"j{ cWoIf Pj+ Pdfn] lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o /ljGb| clwsf/LnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] 5 . ljutdf clvnsf] cWoIf x'“bf rlr{t cfGbf]ngx¿sf] g]t[Tj u/]sf clwsf/Lsf ;fy} Pdfn]sf u08sL c~rn ;b:o eLd sfsL{, sf:sLsf pk;lrj >Lgfy a/fn, ;lrjfno ;b:o dfgaxfb'/ hL;L, lhNnf sld6L ;b:ox¿ l;h{gf zdf{, /fhLj kxf/L, k'ikHof]lt 9'+ufgf klg kqmfp kg'{ePsf] 5 . clvnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s[i0f nD;fn, k[YjLgf/fo0f SofDk;sf :jljo' pk;efklt kbd lu/L, k|fs cWoIf hgs af]x/f, k|/fo';+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k|sfz l;Ub]nnfO{ klg k|x/Ln] lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] 5 . lu/km\tf/ x'g] cGo Pdfn] sfo{stf{x¿df gj/fh rfln;], uf]ljGbs'df/ >]i7, ldgf u'¿ª, u'Ktaxfb'/ sfsL{, nf]saxfb'/ sfsL{, /fh]Gb| clwsf/L, hfg'sf clwsf/L, lrq nfld5fg], k'ik j/fn, dw'df; sf]ljt k'g, ldqnfn a/fn, bfdf]b/ ltldlN;gf, hut ljs, a;Gt ltldlN;gf, vu]Gb| ;fjb, /fh]Gb|k|;fb kf}8]n, lqnf]rg a/fn, / a}gaxfb'/ clwsf/L x'g'x'G5 .

tgx'“df Pdfn]

lhNnf ;lrj kL= Pn= >]i7, lhNnf sld6L ;b:o /fh]Zj/ 9sfn / lgd{n kl08tnfO{ k|x/Ln] lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] 5 . kf]v/f / tgx'“df o;cl3 bh{gf}+ /fhgLlts sfo{stf{nfO{ lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf] lyof] . Pdfn] u08sL c~rn OGrfh{ lqnf]rg 9sfnn] lu/km\tf/ g]tf sfo{stf{sf] tTsfn l/xfOsf] dfu ub}{ cfGbf]ng cem} ;zQm / h'emf¿ agfpg] k|lta4tf AoQm ug'{ePsf] 5 .

o;}aLr Pdfn] pkTosf ;dGjo sld6Ln] kl;{ kmfu'g @! ut] /fhwffgLdf lj/f]w k|bz{g ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 . zxLb lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/]/ k|hftGq / hgclwsf/sf kIfdf k|bz{g ul/g] ;f] h'n'zsf] tof/L eO/x]sf] pkTosf ;lrj of]u]z e§/fO{n] atfpg'ePfsf] 5 . k|bz{g ck/fGx rf/ ah] c;gaf6 z'¿ x'g] pxf“n] hgfpg'eof] . lxhf] a;]sf] kf“r bnsf bz o'jf tyf ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿sf] ;+o'Qm a}7sn] bnx¿sf] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;3fp“b} cfp“bf] r}t $ ut] sf7df8f}+df ljzfn k|bz{g ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

ljBfyL{x¿sf] ;+o'Qm 3f]if0ff

sf7df8f}+ . lg/+s'ztf lj¿4 5 ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . k"0f{ k|hftGq / hgclwsf/sf nflu b]zAofkL ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ng ;~rfg ul/g] pgLx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .

k|hftGqsf nflu ;+o'Qm df]rf{ agfpg] ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿df cg]/f:jljo', g]lj;+3, clvn -PsLs[t_, g]kfn ljBfyL{ d~r, cg]/f:jljo" / g]kfn k|ultzLn ljBfyL{ o'lgog /x]fs 5g\ . hgtfsf clwsf/x¿ ckxl/t ePsf] cj:yfdf ljBfyL{x¿ d'sbz{s eP/ a:g g;Sg] lgisif{ lgsfNb} tL ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿n] PsLs[t cfGbf]ngdf hfg] lg0f{o ePsf] atfPsf 5g\ . k|hftflGqs sf+u|]; lgs6sf] g]lj;+3nfO{ klg df]rf{df ;dfj]z ug]{ tof/L eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L Ps ljBfyL{ g]tfn] lbP . cg]/f:jljo'sf

cWoIf lvdnfn e§/fO{sf cg';f/, ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] tof/Lsf nflu s]Gb|df ;xdlt eO;s]kl5 l5§} To;nfO{ :yfgLo :t/;Dd lj:tfl/t ul/g]5 . kf“r ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] cfh SofDk;x?df lg/+s'ztfsf] k'Tnf hnfpg], @$ ut] SofDk;leq ;ef ug]{ / #) ut] b]zJofkL k|bz{g / ;ef ug]{, sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ .

SofDk;df t}gfy ul/Psf] ;'/Iff pkl:yltnfO{ t'¿Gt x6fpg dfu ub}{ ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] z}lIfs ;+:Yffx¿df ;'/Iff x:tIf]ksf] lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . ljBfyL{sf nflu Tof] ;}x\o gx'g] atfp“b} Ps g]tfn] To;sf] ;/sf/n] 7"nf] d"No r'sfpg'kg]{ atfP .

s–s;sf] 6]lnkmf]g sfl6of] <

sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/L lx/f;tdf /x]sf g]tfx¿sf] 3/sf] 6lnkmf]g sfl6+bf kl/jf/sf ;b:o / z'e]R5'sx¿ ;~rf/ ;Dks{ljlxg ePsf 5g\ . g]tfx¿nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/]kl5 3/sf] 6]lnkmf]g sf6\g'sf] sf/0f cfkm"x¿n] ga'em]sf] kl/jf/hgn] atfPsf 5g\ .

g]skf -Pdfn]_ :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o jfdb]j uf}tdsf] lgjf;sf] 6]lnkmf]g %%(!%$) df3 !( ut]s} lbgb]lv aGb 5 eg] :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o OZj/ kf]v/]nsf] $$#*(!( gDj/ klg sfl6Psf] 5 . s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /fh]Gb|k|;fb kf08]sf] $@&))$&, s[i0fuf]kfn >]i7sf] $##!@@^, a}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o dx]Gb|axfb'/ kf08]sf] $$&)@)@, cg]/f:jljo'sf k"j{ cWoIf /fh]Gb|s'df/ /fO{sf] $$#!)@$ gDj/ klg sfl6Psf] 5 .

gh/aGbdf /x]sf ;a} g]tfx¿sf] 6]lnkmf]g sfl6Psf] 5 . g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/

g]kfnsf] $$^^#)#, :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o cd[ts'df/ af]x/fsf] $@&!&^) / e/tdf]xg clwsf/Lsf] $@&$$@$ gDj/sf] 6]lnkmf]g sfl6Psf] 5 . sf+u|]; ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnufotsf gh/aGbLx¿sf] 6]lnkmf]g;d]t sfl6Psf] 5 . ptf ;/sf/L lgoGq0fdf g/x]sf o'jf g]tfx¿sf] klg 6]lnkmf]g sfl6Psf] 5 . Pdfn]sf a}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf k|/fo';+3sf cWoIf uf]s0f{/fh lji6sf] $@%!*@(, Pdfn] pkTosf ;lrj of]u]z e§/fO{sf] $@!*$#), cg]/f:jljo'sf cWoIf lvdnfn e§/fO{sf] $#^#&%#, kqsf/ Zofd >]i7sf] $##!&@& nufotsf 6]lnkmf]g nfOgx¿ klg sfl6Psf] 5 . lx/fztdf /x]sf sf+Uf|]; s]Gb|Lo ;b:o g/xl/ cfrfo{nufotsf gDj/x¿ klg sfl6g]df k/]sf 5g\ .

;/sf/L lx/f;taf6 5'6]/ cfPsf g]tfx¿sf] 6]lnkmf]g ;/sf/n] hf]l8lbg cem} cu|;/ ePsf] 5}g . Pdfn] :YffoL ;ldlt ;b:oåo s]kL cf]nL / ;xfgf k|wfgn] cfkm}+ hf]8\g nufpg'ePsf] lyof] eg] k|lbk g]kfnsf] 6]lnkmf]g cem} hf]l8Psf] 5}g . g]tfx¿nfO{ ;/sf/L lgoGq0fdf lnO;s]kl5 3/sf] 6]lnkmf]g sf6\g'n] cfkm\gf] dfgjclwsf/sf] xgg ePsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . b'/;~rf/df ;Dks{ /fVbf …dflysf] cfb]zn] sfl6Psf]Ú hjfkm kfpg] ul/Psf] pgLx¿sf] u'gf;f] 5 .

klxn]s} lgDtf]df t“5f8–d5f8

sf7df8f}+ . ljb]zL /fi6«x¿sf] ;dy{g gkfPsf] cj:yfdf ;/sf/sf dGqLx¿ k'/fg} lgDtf]df wdfwd ljb]z e|d0f ul//x]sf 5g\ . lj3l6t dlGqkl/ifbsf cy{dGqLnfO{ k|fKt lgDtf]df cy{dGqL dw's/ zdz]/ ha/f k|mfG;sf] k]l/;df / dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f dGqL b'uf{ >]i7 cd]l/sfsf] Go"of]s{ e|d0fdf hfg'ePsf] 5 .

k]l/;df cfof]hgf x'g] …ljsf; ;xfotfsf] k|efjsfl/tf clej[l4 ;DaGwL a}7sÚdf cy{dGqL ha/fn] efu lng'ePsf] 5 . a}b]lzs ;xof]u k|fKt geP klg km/s gkg]{ u}/lhDd]jf/ efif0f u/]/ pxf“ ljb]zlt/} xflgg'ePsf]df cfZro{ dflgPsf] 5 . dlxnf dGqL >]i7n] Go"of]s{df …dlxnfx¿sf] l:ylt ;DaGwL cfof]usf] $( cf}+ clwj]zgdf ;xefuL x'g To;tkm{ nfUg'ePsf] 5 . ef/tsf] sfn]sQfdf b'O{ xKtf

cl3 ljd:6]s /fi6«sf dGqLx¿sf] uf]nd]r a}7sdf ko{6gdGqL a'l4/fh ah|frfo{n] efu lnP/ kmls{g'ePsf] 5 .

df3 !( sf] /fhgLlts 36gfqmd;“u c;Gt'i6 x'“b} ef/tn] efu glng] eg]kl5 blIf0f Pl;ofnL If]qLo ;xof]u ;+u7g -;fs{_sf] a+unfb]zdf x'g] t]x|f}+ ;Dd]ng :ylut ePsf] lyof] . ;fs{ ;Dd]ngdf tTsflng ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL Pj+ k//fi6«dGqL, k//fi6« /fHodGqL / cGo ;xefuL x'g] JolQmx¿sf] lg0f{o eO;s]sf] lyof] . t/ k//fi6«dGqL /d]zgfy kf08]n] kbaxfnL u/]s} lbg ;fs{ ;Dd]ng :ylut eof] . h;n] gjul7t dlGqkl/ifbsf cWoIf / k//fi6dGqL kf08] cflbsf] a+unfb]z e|d0f x'g ;s]g .

gjul7t dlGqkl/ifb\sf ;b:ox¿nfO{ s'g} gof“ lgDtf] k|fKt ePsf] 5}g . t/ k'/fgf] dlGqkl/ifb\sf ;b:ox¿sf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t sfo{qmddf g} dGqLx¿n] ljb]z e|d0f ug{ t“5f8d5f8 u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .

kGtnfO{ cg'dlt pk;efd'v lkmtf{

sf7df8f}+ . g]skf -Pdfn]_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /3'hL kGtnfO{ ;/sf/n] pkrf/sf] lglDt ef/t hfg] cg'dlt lbPsf] 5 . pxf“ lxhf] ;f9] rf/ah] sl:ds Po/af6 pkrf/sf] nflu gof“ lbNnL k|:yfg ug'{ePsf] 5 .

pkrf/ cg'dlt lng pxf“ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no uPsf] avt k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L j8f k|x/L sfof{no l;+xb/jf/ k'¥ofPsf] lyof] . t/ pQm 36gfnfO{ pxf“n] vf;} k|rf/ ug'{ePg .

8f= dw' l3ld/]n] pxf“nfO{ ef/tsf] gof“ lbNnLl:yt u+uf/fd c:ktfndf uO{ pkrf/ ug{ l;kmfl/z ug'{ePsf] lyof] . tTkZrft 8f= cjlge'if0f zdf{;lxtsf] tLg ;b:oLo 6f]nLn] ;}lgs c:ktfndf pxf“sf] k'gM :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/L l:ylt emg\ lau]|sf] l/kf]6{ lbPsf] lyof] . ;/sf/n] sl/a Ps dlxgf l9nf] u/]/ eP klg pxf“nfO{ pkrf/ ug{ cg'dlt lbPsf]df dfgjLo Jojxf/ u/]sf] dflgPsf] 5 .

lxh} rLgsf] /fhwfgL a]Olhª k|:yfg ug]{ qmddf pk;efd'v lrqn]vf ofbj / ;f+;b >Ldfof ysfnLnfO{ Po/kf]6{af6 lkmtf{ k7fOPsf] 5 . /fhfaf6 dgf]lgt ;f+;b ofªlsnf z]kf{ rflx+ PSn} a]Olhªtkm{ nfUg'eof] . bzjif{ cl3 a]OlhËdf ;DkGg ;Dd]ngsf] ;dLIff a}7sdf efu lng pxf“x¿ To;tkm{ hfg] sfo{qmd lyof] .