uf]nLsf08sf 3fOt]x¿n] s] aofg lbP <
pRr:t/Lo ;ldltn] tYo kQf nufpg ;Snf <

sf7df8f}+ . P3f/ lbgcl3 cyf{t\ )%* h]7 !( ut] /flt gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/af/df ePsf] h3Go xTofsf08sf] ;TotYo ljj/0f hg;dIf Nofpg h]7 @@ ut] >L % 1fg]Gb|af6 u7g ul/aS;]sf] pRr:t/Lo 5fgljg ;ldltn] ut z'qmaf/b]lv ;+;b ;lrjfnodf cfkm\gf] sfof{no :yfkgf u/L clxn] 5fgljg k|lqmofnfO{ tLj|tf;fy cl3 a9fO/x]sf] 5 . ;ldltnfO{ lbOPsf] tLg lbgsf] sfof{jlw ck'u ePkl5 ;ldltsf] sfof{jlw yk rf/ lbg a9fOPsf] 5 . ;ldltn] ;+ejtM #@ ut] cfkm\gf] k|ltj]bg >L % ;dIf a'emfpg] 5 .

lxhf] dfq} >L % bLk]Gb|sL lk|o;L eg]/ rrf{df cfPsL ;'lk|of zfx;“u 5fgljg ;ldltn] aofg lnPsf] 5 eg] kl5Nnf] ;dodf >L % bLk]Gb|;“u k|uf9 ;DaGw /x]sL b]jofgL /f0ff;“u ;ldltn] aofg lng k|of; ul//x]sf] 5, t/ /f0ff /fhb/af/sf] ck|Tofl;t uf]nL sf08sf] nuQ} ef/t x'"b} d:sf] k'u]sf] x'gfn] pgsf] aofg s;/L lng] eGg] ljifodf 5fgljg ;ldltn] ;f]lr/x]sf] atfOG5 . otf xTofsf08sf] a]nf 36gf:ynd} pkl:yt xf]OaS;]sf >L % a8fdxf/fgL sf]dn /fHonIdL zfx / 36gf:ynd} eP/ klg ;s'zn /x]sf kf/; zfx;“u klg 5fgljg ;ldltn] jofg lnO;s]sf] 5 . To:t} x]n]g zfx / uf]/vzdz]/ /f0ffnufot ;]gfsf s]xL clws[t;“u klg ;ldltn] aofg lnPsf] 5 . To;}u/L 36gfsf] a]nf 5'§} sf]7fdf /lxaS;]sf d'df a8fdxf/fgL;“u klg ;ldltn] aofg lnPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . aofgsf] qmddf 3fOt] zfxL kl/jf/n] bLk]Gb|nfO{ g} bf]ifL b]vfO/x]sf 5g\, t/ To;sf] k'li6 ;ldltn] s;/L u5{ Tof] eg] x]g'{kg]{ePsf] 5 .

5fgljg ;ldltn] cfkm\gf] sfd cf/De ug'{eGbf Pslbg cl3 8f= /fhLj zfxLn] 5fpgLdf u/]sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngn] xTofsf08sf af/]df yk z+sf hGdfpg k'u]sf] 5, t/ 5fgljg ;ldltn] aflx/ af]n]sf s'/fx¿nfO{ cfwf/ gagfpg] s'/f atfPsf] 5 .

>L % bLk]Gb|af6 sTn]cfd ul/Psf] s'/f hgtf dfGg tof/ 5}gg\, t/ 36gf:yndf pkl:yt zfxL gft]bf/x¿sf] Pp6} egfO ;fj{hlgs eO/x]sf] 5 ls of] xTof >L % bLk]Gb|af6} ePsf] lyof] . elgG5, klxnf] uf]nLn] 9lnaS;]sf >L % jL/]Gb|nfO{ csf]{ uf]nL gnfu]sf] eP pxf“sf] af“Rg] ;Defjgf x'GYof] . /S;Lsf] ;'/df Pshgfn] olt w]/}sf] xTof s;/L ug{ ;S5 eGg] k|Zg pl7/x]sf] a]nf /ut k/LIf0fn] >L % bLk]Gb|n] dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg gu/]sf] s'/f ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . o;af/]df klg tYo s] xf] eGg] s'/f ;ldltn] ulx/f] 5fglag ug'{ cfjZos 5 .

s;nfO{ slt uf]nL nfu]sf] lyof] / uf]nL slt k|sf/sf rn]sf] lyof] eGg] s'/fn] g} uf]nLsf08df sf] sf] ;+nUg lyP eGg] s'/fnfO{ k'li6 ug{ ;SYof] . kf]:6df6{d gu/]sf] x'gfn] Tof] sf08 cGof}nk"0f{ /xg] ;Defjgf a9]sf] 5 . 5fglag ;ldltn] 36gf:ynsf] lg/LIf0f u/]sf] 5 / uf]nL rn]sf] sf]7fdf lubL / b'O{j6f cf}+nf e]l6Psf] atfOPsf] 5 . sf]7fdf htftt} /ut ntkltPsf] 5, t/ Toxf“ uf]nL e]l6Psf lyP jf lyPgg\ eGg]af/] s]xL klg atfOPsf] 5}g .

;fy} b/af/df ePsf] laeT; xTofsf08df /fhkl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿afx]s c? sf] sf] xtfxt ePsf lyP eGg] s'/f klg cem} k|sfzdf cfPsf] 5}g . Toxf“ c? klg s]xL dflg; dflgPsf] cfz+sf ul/Psf] 5 .

5fgljg ;ldltn] lbj+ut /fhf/fgL / o'j/fhsf c+u/Ifsx¿;“u klg aofg lnO;s]sf] atfOG5 . ;ldltn] aofgsf qmddf Sofd]/f, lel8of] Sofd]/fsf] k|of]u u/] klg lnlvt aofg eg] glnPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . aofgsf qmddf l6kf]6 lngsf nflu ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf /lh:6f/ >Lk|;fb kl08t / Gofokl/ifb\sf ;lrj sfzL/fh bfxfnsf] ;d]t ;xof]u lnO/x]sf] 5 .

5fgljg ;ldltnfO{ lbOPsf] aofgaf/] sf]xL klg d'v vf]Ng tof/ 5}g, t/ pgLx¿n] aofg lbg] qmddf cfof]un] w]/} k|Zgx¿ eg] g;f]w]sf] s'/f a'lemg cfPsf] 5 . ;ldltn] uf]nL s;n] rnfPsf] lyof], To;a]nf tkfO{+ s] ub}{ x'g'x'GYof] / xltof/ s:tf lyP h:tf k|Zg ;f]w] klg pQm zfxL ef]hsf a]nf Toxf“ slt dflg; pkl:yt lyP, uf]nL rn]kl5 Toxf“sf] jftfj/0f s:tf] eof] < ;'/IffsdL{x¿ Toxf“ lyP jf lyPgg\ / uf]nL s;/L k|xf/ ul/Psf] lyof] h:tf k|Zgx¿sf cltl/Qm aRg]x¿ s;/L af“r] eGg] k|Zg gul/Psf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

;ldltn] sfd yfNg'cl3 zfxL gft]bf/ 8f= /fhLj zfxLn] uf]nL >L % bLk]Gb|af6} rnfPsf] ls6fgL lbPkl5 z'qmaf/ laxfg g} /fhb/af/df cgf}krfl/s?kdf zfxL kl/jf/sf] e]nf ePsf] s'/f Ps ;"qn] atfPsf] 5 .

uf]nL k|xf/ ul/Psf] xltof/ ;ldltn] km]nf kf¥of] jf kf/]g cem} v'Ng ;s]sf] 5}g . cf}+7f5fksf] cWoogn] klg uf]nL s;n] rnfPsf] lyof] eGg] s'/f kQf nfUg ;Sg] x'gfn] xTofsf08df k|of]u ePsf] xltof/ ;ldltn] km]nf kfg{ ;s]g eg] xTof/f kQf nufpg emg\ sl7g x'g] :ki6 5 .

36gf ePsf] lbg klg b]jofgL /f0ffn] >L % bLk]Gb|nfO{ ldSsL dNnsf] 3/af6 kmf]g u/]sf] k|;+udf uf]nL rNg'cl3 >L % bLk]Gb|sf] dgl:ylt …d'8Ú s:tf] lyof] eGg] a'‰g] JolQm b]jofgL /f0ff dfq ePsf]n] ;ldltn] pgsf] jofg lng' clgjfo{ x'G5 . To:t}, ljjfx k|;+us} sf/0fn] olt 7"nf] b'3{6gf /fhb/af/df ePsf] xf] eg] >L % bLk]Gb| / b]jofgL /f0ffsf] ljjfx k|;+unfO{ ;fy lbg] ;+ho b'u8 / clgn zfxsf] klg aofg lng'k5{ . t/ ;+ho b'u8 /fhb/af/df uf]nLsf08 x'g'eGbf s]xL lbgklxn] g} c:6«]lnof uPsf] x'gfn] aofg lng ;ldltnfO{ cK7]/f] k/]sf] x'g;S5 .

otf b]jofgL /f0ffsf lktf /fk|kf g]tf kz'klt zdz]/ /f0ff;“u eg] ;ldltn] aofg lnPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . d]l8sn l/kf]6{, 3fOt]x¿sf] aofg, k|ToIfbzL{]x¿sf] aofg, ;'/IffsdL{x¿sf] aofg, uf]nL / xltof/sf] ls6fgL h:tf s'/fx¿n] g} pQm zfxL sTn]cfdsf af/]df hfgsf/L k|fKt ug]{ ;Defjgf 5 . ;a}sf] aofg Pp6} 5 of leGg 5 Tof] s'/f 5fgljg ;ldltnfO{ dfq hfgsf/L xf]nf .

bLk]Gb|dfly nufOPsf] cf/f]knfO{ bLk]Gb|sf] k[i7e"ld;“u klg hf]8]/ x]g{ yflnPsf] 5 / o:tf] cj:yfdf k|rf/ ul/Pem}+ ;lhn} bLk]Gb|af6 dfq eofgs xTofsf08 eof] xf]nf eGg] k|Zgn] ;a}lt/ 3/ ul//x]sf] 5 .

cg]sf}+ xNnf, rrf{, cg'dfg / cfz+sfx¿aLr /fhb/af/sf] /x:odo uf]nLsf08 s;/L eof] eGg] s'/f olsg ug{ clxn] g} s;}n] ;Sb}g . 36gfkl5 ljleGg txaf6 p7]sf ;of}+ k|Zgx¿k|lt ;ldltn] Wofg lbPsf] x'g'k5{ . ;ldltn] d"ntM uf]nL s;n], s;/L / lsg rnfof], xltof/ s:tf k|of]u eP / uf]nL s;nfO{ slt nfu]sf] lyof] eGg] k|Zgx¿sf] lg?k0f ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 . olta]nf ;a}sf] Wofg ;ldltn] cfpg] laxLaf/ a'emfpg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] k|ltj]bgtkm{ s]lGb|t ePsf] 5 .

;+ho b'u8 sxf“ 5g\ <

/fhb/af/df ePsf] xTofsf08sf] ljifodf 5fgljg ug{ ul7t pRr:t/Lo ;ldltn] 5fgljg z'? u/]s} a]nf >L % bLk]Gb|sf ljjfbf:kb 3lgi6 ldq ;+ho b'u8 c:6]«lnofdf a]kQf ePsf 5g\ . 36gf x'g'eGbf s]xL lbgcufl8 c:6«]lnof k'u]sf b'u8 klg ;f] 36gfdf ck|ToIf?kdf ;+nUg /x]sf] cfz+sf ub}{ jofg lng af]nfpg] ;+efjgf b]v]kl5 pgn] tTsfn g]kfn kmls{g] cfkm\gf] of]hgf abn]/ c:6«]lnofd} a]kQf ePsf 5g\ . bLk]Gb| / b]jofgLaLr ePsf] elgPsf] …cgf}krfl/s ljjfxÚsf] rf“hf]kf“rf] ldnfPsL ;+hosL >LdtL lzNkf b'u8 klg clxn] e"ldut ePsL 5g\ . y'k|} Jofkfl/s sf/f]af/ ;+rfng ul//x]sf ;+ho b'u8 rlr{t Jofkf/L x's'drGb b'u8sf 5f]/f x'g\ .

otf o;} k|;+udf g]kfn lu|G8n]h a}+ssf Dofg]h/ clgn zfx / pgsL >LdtL /lt zfx klg clxn] e"ldut ePsf 5g\ . zfx bDklQn] >L % bLk]Gb| / b]jofgL /f0ffaLr cfkm\g} 3/df e]63f6sf] jftfj/0f ldnfOlbg] u/]sf] s'/f o;cl3 g} ;fj{hlgs eO;s]sf] lyof] . >L % bLk]Gb| / b]jofgLaLr ePsf] elgPsf] cgf}krfl/s ljjfxdf zfx bDklQsf] klg pkl:yt ePsf] rrf{n] clxn] /fhb/af/ / b/af/sf cfkmGtx¿aLr lgs} dxTj kfPsf] 5 . /fhb/af/df Tof] xTofsf08 x'g'eGbf cufl8 >L % bLk]Gb| / clgn zfxaLr ePsf] uf]Ko 6]lnkmf]g jftf{ /]s8{ u/]/ >L % jL/]Gb| / a8fdxf/fgL P]Zjo{;dIf k]z ul/Psf] tyf Tof] Sof;]6 clxn] klg >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] lghL ;lrjfnodf /x]sf] bfaL clwsf/Lx¿sf] /x]sf] 5 . 36gf ePsf] nuQ} zlgaf/ laxfg} cfkm\gf] dfdf3/ ef/t uPsL b]jofgL /f0ffnfO{ eufpg zfx bDklQ / lzNkf b'u8 ljdfg:yn k'u]sf] k|;+u klg cl3Nnf] ;ftf g} ;fj{hlgs eO;s]sf] 5 .

:d/0f /xf];\, clgn zfx k"j{ /fhb"t a[Gbf zfxsf 5f]/f tyf /fli6«o v]ns"b kl/ifb\sf pkfWoIF ?Sdzdz]/ ha/fsf HjfO" x'g\ .

af7fx¿ sf+u|];df dfq} 5g\ <

– k|bLk g]kfn

sf+u|];sf 7"nfb]lv ;fgf / 7]6\gfb]lv e]6\gf;Ddsfx¿n] Pdfn]nfO{ u/]sf] ;Qf];/fk ufnL ;a} kl9of] . otf lar/f Pdfn]jfnfx¿ x}/fg eP/ ;kmfO lbg xtfl/Psf] klg x]l/of] . sf+u|];sf eG5g\ – Pdfn]n] 5fgaLg ;ldltdf ga;]/ bf]xf]/f] rl/q b]vfof] . Pdfn]sf eG5g\ – xfdLn] 5fgaLg ;ldltdf ga;]/ ;xof]u gug]{ sxfF eg]sf 5f}+ / < o;f] kvf{ndf a;]/ x]bf{ nfU5 – /fd|f] sfd u/] jfkt Pdfn] efUof efUo} 5 / a]l7s sfd u/]s} x'gfn] sf+u|];n] v]b\of v]b\o} 5 .

5fgaLg ;ldltdf Pdfn]sf dxf;lrj a;]gg\ eg]/ sf+u|];x¿ cfuf] ePsf /x]5g\ . t/ cfh;Dd Pp6f klg sf+u|];n] Pdfn]n] p7fPsf] k|Zgsf] hjfkm eg] lbPsf 5}gg\ . g ltgn] Pdfn]sf k|Zgx¿ a]7Ls x'g\ eGg ;s]sf 5g\, g ltgn] tL k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbg] lxDdt b]vfPsf 5g\ . sf+u|];sf n7'jfb]lv a7'jf;Ddn] Pdfn]nfO{ ufnL t u/] . t/ cxF, ;+ljwfg / sfg"gsf] k|s[of ldRg] sfd ;/sf/n] lsg u/\of] < /fhfnfO{ plrt ;Nnfx glbg] uNtL ;/sf/n] lsg u/\of] eg]/ Pdfn]n] t]:of{Psf k|Zgsf af/]df eg] To;sf] df}gtf crDd}sf] b]lvof] . clxn] klg o:tf] k|Zg p7fof] ls leHof la/fnf] h:tf] eP/ sf+u|];sf g]tfb]lv s]6f;Ddsfx¿ Dofp Dofp ug{ yflnxfN5g\ . o;sf] sf/0f s] xf] < hlt 7fpFdf of] k|Zg t]:of{Oof] – Tolt 7fpFsf sf+u|];x¿n] nf6fn] kfkf x]/] h;/L 6\jfF kb}{ eg] – cgf}krfl/s ;Nnfx klg t ;xdtL g} xf] lg †

o;sf] cy{ xf] – cgf}krfl/s ;Nnfxn] /fHo rN5, zf;g k|0ffnL rN5, ;Eotf lgdf{0f x'G5 .

sf+u|]; e}of xf], To;f] eP lsg rflxof] b]z < lsg rflxof] ;+ljwfg < lsg rflxof] sfg"g < lsg rflxof] /fHo < lsg rflxof] ;+;bsf] clwj]zg < lsg rflxof] k|wfgdGqL < lsg rflxP dGqLx¿ < lsg rflxof] !) – % ah]sf] sfof{no ;do < lsg rflxof] /fHo ;+oGqsf lgsfox¿ < h–h;nfO{ dg nfU5 – o;f] a;]/ 5nkmn ul/lbP k'luxfNof] † h] h] ug{ dg nfU5, ToxL ToxL ul/lbP e}xfNof] .

cyjf sf+u|];sf g]tfb]lv s]6f;Ddsf ;a}n] dflysf lgsfox¿ hgtf dfg{ / e|i6frf/ ug{sf nflu dfq rflxG5 eGg] kf] a'em]sf 5g\ ls †

;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGq cfkm}+df Pp6f k2lt xf] . sf+u|];n] Tof] k2lt a'em]sf] 5}g eGg] lalQs}, Tof] k2lt g} xf]Og eGg] lgisif{ lgsfNg ldNb}g . o;leq lg0f{o ug]{ Pp6f lglZrt k|s[of x'G5 . ;+j}wflgs /fhfaf6 uNtL x'Fb}g lsg elgPsf] xf] < lsgeg] uNtL ug]{ eg]sf] dGqL kl/ifb xf] . gful/stf ljw]osdf ;/sf/n] u/]sf] uNtLnfO{ /fhfn] sfg"gsf] clGtd JofVoftf ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf k'/\ofP/ ;Rofpg vf]h]sf] 36gf Oltxf; e};s]sf] 5}g . ls sf+u|];x¿n] cfkm\gf] x'd{t lng] eg]/ To;nfO{ ;a}n] lal;{P eG7fg]sf x'g\ <

5fgaLg ;ldltdf ga;]sf sf/0f sf+u|];n] u/]sf] ufnLsf] cy{ – sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df a:g] ;fdfGo ;b:on] klg a'em]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] b'isd{ gflËPsf] x'gfn] sf+u|]; af}nfPsf] 5 eGg] ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5 . dfG5]x¿ /fhfnfO{ k|hftGq vfPsf] b]fif lb+b} cfPsf 5g\ . t/ g]kfnL /fhgLltdf k|hftGqsf] b'Zdg eg]sf] kmut g]kfnL sf+u|]; xf] eGg] ;To k'gM PskN6 k'li6 ePsf] 5 . k|hftGqnfO{ lg/+s'ztGqdf ?kfGtl/t ug]{ sf] xf] < /fhfnfO{ uNtLx¿ ug{ ;Nnfx lbP/ d'n'sdf cGof}n km}nfpg] sf] xf] < Tof] t sf+u|];afx]s csf]{ s'g} xf]Og /x]5 .

d}n] Pdfn] j[Qsf] dflg; eP/ of] n]v]sf] xf]Og . p;} klg cvaf/df n]Vbf ddf Pdfn] x'g'sf] kmf]laof hfUb}g . t/ Pdfn] geP/ n]Vg] lalQs} ;To c;Todf clg c;To ;Todf ?kfGtl/t x'G5 < x'Fb}g . oxL k|s[ofdf x]/f}+ . Pdfn]n], 5fgjLg ;ldltsf] u7g k|s[ofdf ;+ljwfg / sfg"gL k|fjwfg k"/f ul/Pg eGof] . To;n] Tof] k|fjwfg k"/f ug]{ bfloTj /fhfsf] xf]Og, ;/sf/sf] xf] eGg] cfkm\gf] c8fg cufl8 ;f/\of] . s] of] unt xf] < xf]Og . To;n] ePsf] uNtL ;Rofpg] tLgcf]6f ljsNkx¿ klg k|wfgdGqLnfO{ lbof] . t/ cfkm"afx]s ;+;f/sf ;a} k|f0fLnfO{ d"v{ 7fGg] sf+u|];sf ;fx]a axfb'/x¿ lsg s;}sf] ;Nnfx dfGy] / < Tolta]nf Pdfn]jfnfx¿n] k|s[of ldnfP/ sfd ePdf cfkm\gf] kf6L{ 5fgaLg ;ldltdf ;xefuL x'g tof/ /x]sf] k|:tfj lbP5g\ . t/ cxF, sf+u|];n] uNtL eof] eg]/ :jLsfg{ rfx]g . pN6f] To;sf nfna'emSs8x¿ k|wfgGofowL; h:tf] pRr cf]xf]bfsf] dflg; a;]sf] eGbf pRr:t/sf] cfof]u sxfFaf6 agfpg ;lsG5 eGb} ljifonfO{ cGt} 7]Ng yfn] . a6'jf u5{ cfUnfsf] s'/f] n7'jf a'em\5 ufu|fsf] s'/f] eg]sf] oxL xf] . Pdfn]n] 5fgaLg ;ldlt pRr:t/Lo eof] ls sfG5f]:t/Lo eof] eGg] l6Kk0fL yfn]s} xf]Og . Pdfn]n] eGof] – o;sf] u7g k|s[ofdf ;+ljwfg / sfg"gsf] kl/kfngf ePg . t/ cxF, sfg}df uP/ nfvrf]6L s/fpbf klg sf+u|]; of] jfSo ;'Gb}g . sf+u|]; alx/f] 5 eGg t ldn]g . t/ of] 36gfnfO{ x]bf{ Pp6fn] – …stf lx+8]sf]Ú eg]/ ;f]Wbf csf{n] …3fF; vfFb}Yof]Ú eg]/ hjfkm lbPh:tf] eof] eGg rflx+ ldNg] b]lvG5 .

sf+u|];n] a'em\g' k5{ – c?nfO{ ufnL u/]/ cfkm\gf ck/fwx¿ 5f]lkb}gg\ / Pdfn]n] klg a'em\g' k5{ – ;w}+el/ :ki6Ls/0f lbg]n] /fhgLlt ug'{ x'Fb}g . 5fgaLg ;ldlt u7g k|s[ofdf ePsf] q'l6sf] ef/L kmut sf+u|];n] af]Sg'k5{ . lgn{Hhtfsf] xb gf3]sf sf+u|];sf dGqLx¿n] cfkm" ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] ljgfzsf nflu cfkm"af6 ulDe/ q'l6 eof] eg]/ dx;'; ug'{k5{ .

Pdfn]sf sltko gLltx¿;Fu ;xdt x'g g;lsPnf – t/ 5fgaLg ;ldltsf ;Gbe{df Pdfn]n] h'g k|Zg p7fof] – /fhgLlt / ljlw, b'j} lx;fan] Tof] ;xL lyof] . sf+u|];sf] csd{0otf / cof]Uotfsf sf/0f, /fhfaf6 ;+ljwfg j]jf:tf ug]{ uNtL eof] eGg] unt ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f eof] . o;n] cGof}nsf] jftfj/0fnfO{ a9fpg] g} sfd u/\of] . /fhfk|lt ;Gb]x a9fpg] g} sfd u/\of] . 3f]if0ffsf] ef]lnkN6} yfxf eof] – o; k|s/0fdf /fhfaf6 xf]Og, k|wfgdGqLaf6, dGqLkl/ifbaf6 uDeL/ uNtL ePsf] /x]5 . To;n] ug'{kg]{ sfdx¿ gugf{n] dfq x]fOg, tL sfd gu/] klg x'G5 elglbgfn] uDeL/ q'l6 ePsf] /x]5 .

olt ;xh ;TonfO{ :jLsf/ ug{ sf+u|];nfO{ lsg ufx|f] k/\of xf]nf < jf:tjdf of] sf+u|]; b]z / Joj:yf b'j}nfO{ ;dfKt gkf/L g5f]8\g] lsl/of vfP/ /fhgLltdf x]lnPsf] /x]5 ls Sof xf] †

/fhb/af/ xTofsf08sf] cg'Q/lt k|Zg

/fhb/af/ xTofsf08sf] af/]df k|wfgGofofwLzsf] cWoIFtfdf Ps 5fgljg ;ldlt u7g ePsf] ;Gbe{df Pstf s]Gb|n] Ps jQmJo k|sflzt u/L lgDg k|Zgx¿sf] hjfkm ;fj{hlgs ug{ dfu u/]sf] 5 . lxhf] hf/L ul/Psf] k|]; jQmJodf lgDglnlvt k|Zgx¿ p7fOPsf] 5 . h'g k|Zgx¿ clxn];Dd cg'Ql/t /x]sf 5g\ .

— h]7 !( ut] a]n'sL gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/af/df ePsf] xTofsf08sf] va/ ef/tnufotsf ljb]zL ;+rf/dfWodn] klxn] s;/L k|fKt u/] < g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ !& 306f;Dd s'g} ;"rgf;Dd glbg] lul/hf ;/sf/sf] u[xdGqL kf}8]nn] tTsfnLg o'j/fh bLk]Gb|n] g} ;a}nfO{ uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf x'g\ eg]/ s;/L / s]sf cfwf/df ljb]zL ;+rf/dfWodx¿;“u eGg ;s] < 36gf 36]sf] a]nf pgL sxf“ lyP <

— o'j/fh bLk]Gb|n] cfkm\gf] ljjfxsf] af/]df ljjfb ePkl5 a9L /S;L ;]jgsf] cj:yfdf uf]nL xfgL /fhf jL/]Gb| / pgsf] ;Dk"0f{ kl/jf/nfO{ xTof u/]sf] egL k|rf/ ul/Psf] ;DaGwdf s] k|Zg :jfefljs?kdf p7\5 eg] k|]ldsfnfO{ ljjfx ug{ gkfPsf] xf] eg] cfkm"n] cfTdxTof ug{ ;Snf jf To; sfo{df ;aeGbf a9L cj/f]w Nofpg] s;}nfO{ uf]nL k|xf/ ug{ ;Snf, t/ dxf/fhflw/fhsf] /f]nqmddf /x]sf] cfkm";d]t cfkm\gf] tkm{sf] ;a} kl/jf/sf] xTof s;/L ug{ ;Sb5 < s] dgf]lj1fg ljz]if1x¿n] o;nfO{ ;+ej atfpnfg\ <

— /S;Lsf] ;]jgn] xf]z u'dfPsf] Pp6f JolQmn] s;/L 5fgL 5fgL cfkm\g} kl/jf/sf] JolQmnfO{ lgzfgf agfp“5 < k|ToIfbzL{ egL >L % jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfndf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng ug]{ 8f= /fhLj zfxLn] Psflt/ o'j/fh bLk]Gb| /S;L ;]jgsf] sf/0fn] pleg ;Sg] cj:yfdf klg lyPgg\ eg]sf 5g\ eg] ;fy;fy} bLk]Gb|n] k5ØfO k5ØfO{ / n3f/Ln3f/L cfkm\gf] cfdf / efOnfO{ uf]nL xfg] eg]sf 5g\ . oL b'j} s'/f Ps};fy s;/L ;To x'g ;S5g\ <

— Psflt/ /S;Lsf] ;]jgsf] sf/0fn] xf]z u'dfP/ ldg]6e/d} cfkm\gf] ;Dk"0f{ kl/jf/nfO{ bLk]Gb|n] xTof u/] eg]/ k|rf/ ul/Psf] 5, csf]{lt/ bLk]Gb|n] kne/d} xf]zdf cfP/ Unflg:j?k cfkm"nfO{ klg uf]nL xfg]/ cfTdxTof u/] elg+b}5 . Ps ldg]6cl3 /S;Ln] dfltP/ cfkm\gf] lktf, dftfnfO{ ;d]t xTof ug]{ bLk]Gb|sf] kne/d} xf]z s;/L v'N5 < s] of] s'/f cGt/lj/f]wL 5}g <

— 8f= /fhLj zfxLn] To; lbgsf] /fhb/af/sf] kfl/jfl/s hd36df bLk]Gb|sf] ljjfxsf] s'g} s'/f gePsf] atfPsf 5g\ . To;f] eP emg\ bLk]Gb|n] ljgfsf/0f lsg pQ]lht eP/ uf]nL 7f]s] <

— pQm xTofsf08df /fhf jL/]Gb| / To;kl5sf] pQ/flwsf/L bLk]Gb|;lxt pgsf] kl/jf/sf] ;a} ;b:ox¿sf] xTof x'G5, t/ To; cj:yfdf To;kl5 /fhu2L kfpg;Sg] JolQmsf] ;Dk"0f{ kl/jf/ eg] s;/L k"/} hLljt /xG5 < of] s;/L ;Dej eof] < s] of] ;+of]u dfq xf] eg]/ kTofpg ;lsG5 <

— cTolws /S;L ;]jgsf] sf/0fn] o'j/fh bLk]Gb|n] cfkm\gf] dftflktf;lxt ;a}sf] xTof u/]sf] atfpg] 8f= /fhLj zfxLn] kf/;sf] cg'/f]wdf bLk]Gb|n] kf/; zfxnfO{ eg] s]xL klg gu/]sf] atfp“5g\ . s] of] cfkm}+df xf:of:kb / cljZj;gLo s'/f xf]Og <

— 8f= /fhLj zfxLn] clw/fhs'df/L >'ltn] cfkm\gf klt uf]/vzdz]/nfO{ uf]nL nfu]sf]n] ;DxfNg hf“bf bLk]Gb|n] xfg]sf] uf]nL nfUg uPsf] eg]sf 5g\ / pgn] of] klg eg]sf 5g\ ls /fhf jL/]Gb|nfO{ uf]nL nfu]/ 9n]kl5 pgL cfkm}+n] /fhf jL/]Gb|sf] 3f“6Laf6 cfPsf] /ut yfDg] k|oTg u/]sf lyP . pgn] bLk]Gb|n] /fhf jL/]Gb|nfO{ Ps k6s uf]nL xfg]/ aflx/ uO{ kms]{/ cfPkl5 k'gM uf]nL xfg]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . To;/L uf]nL xfGbf 8f= zfxLnfO{ rflx+ s;/L Pp6} uf]nL klg nfu]g <

— o'j/fh bLk]Gb|n] dfq uf]nL xfgL ;a}sf] xTof u/]sf x'g\ eg] /fhkl/jf/sf P8L;Lx¿ To;avt sxf“ lyP / s] ul//x]sf lyP, 8f= zfxLsf cg';f/ pgn] g} P8L;Lx¿nfO{ PDa'n]G; / 8fS6/ Nofpg va/ u/]sf lyP / To;kl5 P8L;Lx¿ pgLx¿nfO{ …aGb ul/Psf]Ú sf]7fsf] ‰ofnsf] P]gf kmf]/]/ aflx/ cfpg ;Sg] tflnd k|fKt P8L;Lx¿ uf]nL rn]sf] ;'Ggf;fy rflx+ lsg aflx/ cfPgg\ < pgLx¿ aGb sf]7fdf lyP eg] sf]7f aGb ubf{ g} lsg k|ltjfb u/]gg\ <

— /fhb/af/leq /fhfsf] ;'/Iffsf] lglDt egL /flvPsf] xhf/f}+sf] ;+Vofsf] zfxL ;]gf of] ;a 36gf 36\bf s] x]/]/ al;/x]sf] lyof] <

— /fhb/af/leqsf efG;] / ;]jf ;'>';fdf /x]sf cGo JolQmx¿sf] e"ldsf s] /x\of] < pgLx¿ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ ls 5}gg\ < pgLx¿ s'g cj:yfdf / sxf“ 5g\ <

— /fhkl/jf/sf] pQm sf08df uf]nL nfu]sfx¿sf] :jf:yf]krf/df d'Vo Wofg glbP/ lsg cf}krfl/stf / ;'/Iffdf a9\tf hf]8 lbOof] . /fhb/af/af6 ;aeGbf glhs /x]sf] / jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfneGbf klg of]Uo lrlsT;s Pj+ ;fwg;|f]t ;DkGg lzIf0f c:ktfn dxf/fhuGhdf lsg 3fOt]x¿nfO{ nluPg < lrlsT;snfO{ aflx/af6 pkl:yt ug]{ qmddf / ;fwgsf] cefjdf pkrf/sf] k|lqmof l9nf] x'g hfg] s'/fnfO{ lsg Wofg lbOPg <

— Toqf ljlzi6 JolQmx¿sf] pkrf/sf] nflu ljb]zaf6 ljlzi6 lrlsT;sx¿nfO{ af]nfpg] sfo{ lsg ul/Pg <

— d]l8sn l/kf]6{sf cg';f/ o'j/fh bLk]Gb|sf] zj k/LIf0fdf /S;Lsf] s'g} c+z klg g/x]sf] atfOG5, jf:tljstf s] xf] <

— o'j/fh bLk]Gb|nfO{ b]j|] sGr6df / k5fl8 uf]nL nfu]sf] atfOG5 . b]j|] sGr6df dfq} uf]nL nfu]sf] xf] eg] klg To;n] bLk]Gb|n] cfkm}+nfO{ uf]nL xfgL cfTdxTof u/]sf] b]vfp“b}g, lsgls bLk]Gb|sf] bfof“ xft rN5 / bfof“ xft rNg] JolQmn] cfTdxTofsf] nflu afof“ xft rnfpg] s'/f kTofpg s;/L ;lsG5 < To;}n] bLk]Gb|nfO{ uf]nL sxf“ nfu]sf] lyof] <

— pQm xTofsf08df d[To' x'g]x¿sf] zjsf] lsg kf]:6df6{d ul/Pg < oqf] xTofsf08 ePkl5 To;sf] OdfGbf/Lk"j{s cg';Gwfg ug]{ xf] eg] kf]:6df6{d clgjfo{ lyPg < lzIF0f c:ktfnaf6 To; ljifosf lj1x¿nfO{ cfpg ;"rgf u/]/ klg kl5 lsg cfjZos 5}g elgof] < kf]:6df6{d gu/L clGtd ;+:sf/ ug]{ cfb]z lbg] JolQm sf] xf] < lsg To:tf] cfb]z lbOof] <

— /fhb/af/leq /x]sf pRr ;}lgs clws[tx¿;lxt sltko ;}lgsx¿ / sltko sd{rf/Lx¿ x/fO/x]sf] rrf{ eO/x]s} a]nf /fhwfgLsf] ;8s ;fdfGo /x]sf] a]nfdf t];|f] k6ssf] /flt ( ah]b]lv # ah];Ddsf] skm\o"{sf] cfb]zsf] p2]Zo / cy{ s] xf] < kz'klt IF]q j/k/ s;}nfO{ hfg glbg';“u o;sf] s] ;DaGw x'g;S5 <

— pkrf/df vl6Psf lrlsT;sx¿af6 k|fKt hfgsf/Lsf cfwf/df kqklqsfdf k|sflzt eO{ hgdfg;df rrf{ ePcg';f/ pQm xTofsf08df 3fon / d[To' x'g]x¿nfO{ rf/ k|sf/sf] uf]nL nfu]sf] atfOG5 . o'j/fh bLk]Gb|n] g} uf]nL rnfPsf] dfGg] xf] eg] klg pgn] b'j} xftdf b'O{yl/ xltof/ lnO{ uf]nL rnfp“bf b'O{ k|sf/sf] uf]nL dfq k|of]u x'g;S5, To;f] eP c? uf]nLx¿ sxf“af6 cfPsf lyP < s] o;n] PseGbf a9L JolQmx¿af6 uf]nL k|xf/ ePsf] b]vfp“b}g <

— /fhb/af/sf k|ToIfbzL{{ elgPsf JolQmx¿ k|f/Dedf lsg r'k a;] / 5fgljg ;ldlt ag]kl5 xTof/f bLk]Gb| g} xf] egL Pskl5 csf]{ aofg hf/L ul/of] < o;nfO{ xTof/f bLk]Gb| g} xf] eg]/ :yflkt ug]{ / cfof]unfO{ k|efljt kfg]{ if8\oGq xf]Og eg]/ s;/L eGg] <

— 8f= /fhLj zfxLn] 5fgljg ;ldlt alg;s]kl5 ;}lgs c:ktfndf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng ug{ s;/L ;s] < of] ;]gf k|d'v jf To;eGbf dflyNnf] :t/sf] cfb]zlagf ;Dej x'g} ;Sb}g . To;}n] 8f= /fhLj zfxLsf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ng k|fof]lht lyof] / clxn] ;}lgs k|wfg sfof{non] cfkm\gf] cg'dltlagf 8f= zfxLn] kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/]sfn] -8f= zfxL ;]gfsf 8fS6/ x'g\_ pgL;“u :kli6s/0f dfu ul/Psf] egL ul/Psf] k|rf/ klg k|fof]lht xf] eg]/ lsg geGg] <

— olb of] if8\oGqo'Qm 36gf xf]Og eg] /fhb/af/sf] pQm hd36df ePsf] k|ToIfbzL{x¿n] To; 36gfsf] jf:tljstfsf] hfgsf/L k|d, ;/sf/ / ;DalGwt JolQmx¿nfO{ ;dod} lbPsf] x'g'kb{5 . To;sf cltl/Qm pkrf/sf nflu nluPsf 3fOt]x¿n] g} z'?df lrlsT;sx¿nfO{ xTof/f sf] xf] egL hfgsf/L lbO;s]sf] / To:tf] hfgsf/L kfpg]dWo] /fh;efsf ;b:o 8f= d[u]Gb|/fh kf08];d]tsf] rrf{ 5 . 3fOt]x¿n] hfgsf/L lbPsf xTof/f sf] x'g\ < s] pgLx¿n] klg bLk]Gb|nfO{ g} xTof/f eg]sf lyP < olb To;f] xf] eg] /fh;efn] bLk]Gb|nfO{ s;/L /fhf 3f]lift u¥of] t <

— jt{dfg /fhf 1fg]Gb| 36gf 36]sf] a]nf kf]v/fdf /x]sf]n] k|d lul/hf g} 36gf:yndf k'Ug] klxnf] ;a}eGbf clwsf/;DkGg JolQm lyP . b/af/df Toqf] xTofsf08 ePkl5 k|dn] lsg tTsfn 36gf 36]sf] ejg / sIfx¿nfO{ lznaGbL ug]{ / 36gf 36]sf] lglZrt If]qnfO{ ljz]if ;'/Iff Joj:yfcGtu{t lgu/fgLdf /fVg] Joj:yf u/]gg\ <

— k|wfg GofofwLzsf] cWoIftfdf u7g ePsf] 5fgljg ;ldltn] lsg cfkm\gf] cg';Gwfgsf] k|lqmofdf lsg ljb]zL ljz]if1x¿sf] ;xoftf lng cfjZos 7flgPsf] 5}g < sd;]sd pkrf/df vl6Psf g]kfnL lrlsT;sx¿n] tof/ kf/]sf] d]l8sn l/kf]6{sf] hf“r ug]{ / To; cfwf/df lg:sg] lgisif{nfO{ k'li6 ug{ lrlsT;f If]qsf ljb]zL lj1x¿sf] clgjfo{ cfjZostf b]lvG5 . cfof]un] lsg To;tkm{ Wofg lbO/x]sf] 5}g <

— xTofsf08 ePsf] nuQ} ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL c6nlaxf/L jfhk]oLn] of] xTofsf08 if8\oGq xf]Og egL ls6fgL;fy af]n] . ;fy} ef/tLo u[xdGqLn] klg h]7 @& ut] ToxL s'/f bf]xf]¥ofP . k|wfgdGqL / u[x/fHodGqL b'j}n] o; cj:yfdf g]kfndf /fhgLlts l:y/tfsf] cfjZostf 5 / To;sf] nflu h'g;'s} xbsf] ;xof]u ug{ klg ef/t tof/ /x]sf] atfP . ef/tLo zf;sx¿sf] of] cleJolQmn] s] hgfp“5 < s'g} klg if8\oGq gePsf] eGg] 3f]if0ffn] g} if8\oGqsf] cfefif lb+b}g < clg of] xTofsf08df /fhb/af/leqsf] /fhgLlts åGbdf ;fk]Iftfdf pbf/ kIf lng] /fhf jL/]Gb| / pgsf] pQ/flwsf/Lsf] d[To' x'g' / cg'bf/ kIfsf elgg] JolQmx¿ af“Rg'nfO{ s] ;+of]u dfq dfGg ;lsG5 < s] o;n] of] xTofsf08 ljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbL zlQmx¿ tyf b]zleqsf r/d cg'bf/ tTjx¿af6 ePsf] /fhg}lts if8\oGq x'g;Sg] s'/ftkm{ ;+s]t ub}{g <

>L % df xflb{s awfO{

>L % clw/fhs'df/ 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]j @)%* ;fn h]7 @@ ut]b]lv g]kfn clw/fHosf] >L % dxf/fhflw/fh xf]OaS;]sf]df b[li6 ;fKtflxs df};'kmdf xflb{s awfO{ Pj+ z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5 .

o;}u/L g]skf -Pdfn]_ s]Gb|Lo sld6Lsf] cfsl:ds a}7sn] >L % 1fg]Gb| >L % dxf/fhflw/fh xf]OaS;]sf]df df};'kmk|lt xflb{s awfO 1fkg ub}{ df};'kmsf] sf“wdf Pp6f ;+j}wflgs /fhfsf] x}l;otn] lgjf{x ug'{kg]{ uxg bfloTj cfOk/]sf] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .

;f] a}7sn] >L % 1fg]Gb|af6 /fi6«sf] gfddf aS; ePsf] klxnf] zfxL ;Gb]zdf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqk|lt JoQm lgi7f / k|lta4tfsf] k|z+;f u/]sf] 5 . ;+j}wflgs /fhfsf] x}l;otdf cfkm\gf] sfo{sfndf df};'kmaf6 dxŒjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'Ug] ljZjf; JoQm ub}{ g]skf -Pdfn]_n] eg]sf] 5– …hl6n / sl7g 38Laf6 u'lh|/x]sf] xfd|f] b]zsf] cfhsf] l:yltdf /fli6«otf / ;fj{ef}ldstfnfO{ cIf'00f /fVg, /fli6«o Pstf / ;b\efjnfO{ sfod /fVg, ;+ljwfg / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] k/Dk/f, d"No / dfGotfx¿sf] ;+/If0f ug{, ax'bnLo k|hftGqnfO{ ;'b[9 ug{, cfd hgtfsf] OR5f / l;+uf] /fi6«sf cfjZostf adf]lhd ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;fdflhs, cfly{s / ;f+:s[lts k|ult / ;d'Ggltsf] af6f]df cem tLj| ultn] cu|;/ kfg{ df};'kmaf6 ;+j}wflgs /fhfsf] x}l;otdf cfkm\gf] sfo{sfndf dxŒjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'Ug]5 eGg] s'/fdf xflb{s ljZjf; JoQm ub{5 .Ú

o;}u/L g]skf -Pdfn]_sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] 5'§} jQmJo k|sflzt u/L df};'kmdf xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ug'{ePsf] 5 .

z+sfsf] 3]/fdf 8f= /fhLj zfxL

sf7df8f}+ . …nf6f] vfG5 Ps aN8Øfª, af7f] vfG5 rf/ aN8ØfªÚ eg]em}+ cl3Nnf] z'qmaf/ /flt /fhb/af/df ePsf] xTofsf08sf] ljifodf k|ToIfbzL{ 8f= /fhLj zfxLn] hfGg] eP/ …;fj{hlgs ;kmfOÚ lbPkl5 z+sfsf] tf/f] pgLlt/} kmls{Psf] 5 . >L % af6 ul7t pRr:t/Lo 5fgljg ;ldltn] sfd z'? ug'{eGbf s]xL 306fcufl8 ;ldltsf] 5fgljgnfO{ g} k|efljt ug]{ u/L 8f= zfxLn] k]z u/]sf] …;kmfO{ÚnfO{ cy{k"0f{?kdf x]l/Psf] 5 .

8f= zfxLn] laxLaf/ cfof]hgf u/]sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf >L % jL/]Gb|, >L % a8fdxf/fgL P]Zjo{nufotsf /fhkl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿dfly uf]nL k|xf/ ug]{ JolQm >L % bLk]Gb| g} ePsf] bfaL u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy} Tolta]nf df};'km cTolws g;fdf /x]sf] / /fd|f];“u /fhx'g ;Sg] cj:yfdf g/x]sf] atfp“b} 8f= zfxLn] >L % jL/]Gb|nfO{ uf]nL nfu]kl5 pxf“sf] z/L/af6 lg:s]sf] /ut cfkm"n] nufPsf] sf]6 km'sfn]/ k'5]sf] / bLk]Gb|n] $–% k6s;Dd leqaflx/ ub}{ ;a}nfO{ uf]nL xfg]/ cGTodf cfkm}+nfO{ uf]nL xfg]sf] bfaL u/]sf 5g\ . cfkm";“u} /x]sf >L % 1fg]Gb|sf k'q zfx Hofbf kf/;sf] e"ldsfsf] af/]df l6Kk0fL ub}{ zfxLn] kqsf/x¿;“u eg] …kf/; ;/sf/ gePsf] eP Toxf“ c?nfO{ klg uf]nL nfUg] lyof] .Ú

:j= wL/]Gb| zfx / clw/fhs'df/L k|]Iff zfxsf HjfO" 8f= /fhLj zfxLn] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf JoQm u/]sf k|ToIf jfSo / zAbn] k|Zg hGdfPsf] 5 . zfxLsf] bfaLcg';f/ >L % bLk]Gb| cTolws g;fdf ePsf] ePÚ To:tf] cj:yfsf] dflg;n] s;/L Tolt w]/} JolQmx¿sf] sTn]cfd ug{ ;S5 < Tof] cj:yfdf Toxf“ pkl:yt :jo+ 8f= zfxLnufotsf cGo JolQmx¿n] s] x]/]/ a;]sf lyP < Pshgf JolQmn] To;/L lgd{dtfk"j{s /fhf/fgL / kl/jf/sf cGo ;b:ox¿dfly uf]nL rnfp“bf To;nfO{ /f]Sgsf] nflu ;]gfsf] SofK6]gsf] x}l;otn] 8f= zfxLn] s] k|of; u/] < pgsf] e"ldsf / lgotdfly g} :jfefljs?kdf cfz+sf hlGdPsf] 5 . csf]{tkm{ zfxLn] …kf/; ;/sf/ gePsf] eP Toxf“ c?nfO{ klg uf]nL nfUg] lyof]Ú eGg] klg cy{k"0f{?kdf lnOPsf] 5 .

o;}aLr ;]gfsf] Ps ;"qn] lbPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ SofK6]g zfxL ljjfbf:kb cleJolQms} sf/0f pgLdfly cfGtl/s sf/afxL z'? ul/Psf] 5 .

o;sf/0f Pdfn] 5fgljg ;ldltdf a;]g
;ldltsf] u7g k|lqmof g} q'l6k"0f{

k|df]b bfxfn

sf7df8f}+ . >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jaf6 gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/af/sf] uf]nLsf08sf] 5fgljgsf nflu ul7t pRr:t/Lo ;ldlt g]skf -Pdfn]_n] eg]em}+ ;+ljwfg / ljBdfg P]g, sfg'g;Ddt gePsf] 7x/ sfg'gljb\x¿n] u/]sf 5g\ . oBlk ;ldltn] cfkm\gf] sfo{ cf/De ul/;s]sf] 5 / ;ldltnfO{ h]7 #@ ut];Ddsf] Dofb ylkPsf] 5 .

>L % af6 h]7 @@ ut] pRr:t/Lo ;ldltsf] 3f]if0ff ub}{ x's'd ePsf] lyof]– …xfdLaf6 cfh laxfg b]zaf;Lsf gfddf aS;]sf] ;Gb]zdf x's'd aS;]adf]lhd /fhb/af/df 36]sf] b'Mvb\ 36gfsf] oyfy{ ljj/0f hg;dIf Nofpg] k|lqmof:j?k k|wfgGofofwLz s]zjk|;fb pkfWofosf] cWoIFtfdf Ps pRr:t/Lo ;ldlt u7g ul/aS;]sf 5f}+ . pQm ;ldltdf ;efd'v tf/fgfy /fgfef6 tyf k|ltlglw ;efdf ljkIfL bnsf g]tf dfwjs'df/ g]kfnnfO{ ;b:o tf]lsaS;]sf 5f}+ . o; ;ldltnfO{ tLg lbgleq k|ltj]bg hfx]/ ug{ lgb]{zg klg aS;]sf 5f}+ . ;ldltn] k|ltj]bg hfx]/ u/]kl5 ;TotYo b]zjf;LnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] g} 5f}+ .Ú

To;sf] ef]lnkN6} h]7 @# ut] a;]sf] g]skf -Pdfn]_ :yfoL sld6Lsf] a}7sn] ;f] ;ldltsf] u7g k|lqmofk|lt c;xdlt hgfof] . g]skf -Pdfn]_sf] ;f] lg0f{odf elgPsf] lyof]– …g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfgn] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . k|hftGqsf] d"n cfTdf eg]sf] ;+ljwfgsf] ;jf]{Rrtfsf] ;Ddfg / ljlwsf] zf;gsf] kl/kfngf xf] eGg] s'/f :jtMl;4 5 . of] ;RrfO axg ug]{ g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfgsf] ;Ddfg ug{ xfd|f] kf6L{ k|lta4 5 . o;} ;Gbe{df >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 h]7 !( ut] /fhb/af/df 36]sf] c:jfefljs / ck|Toflzt 36gfsf] 5fgljg ug{ ul7t ;ldlt, ;+ljwfg / ljBdfg P]g sfg'g;Ddt 9+uaf6 u7g ul/g'k5{ egL xfd|f] kf6L{ ;a};dIf cg'/f]w ub{5 . ;a} sfd sf/afxL ;+ljwfg tyf sfg'g;Ddt / kf/bzL{ 9+uaf6 ;DkGg x'g'kg]{ x'gfn] pQm 5fgljg ;ldlt u7gsf] k|lqmofk|lt xfd|f] kf6L{ ;xdt x'g g;s]sf] tYo xfdL ljgd|tfk"j{s hfx]/ ug{ rfxG5f}+ .Ú

of] lg0f{okl5 clxn] Pdfn]dfly bf]xf]/f] dfkb08 ckgfPsf] / jt{dfg hl6n kl/l:yltnfO{ emg\ cGof}nk"0f{ agfPsf] cf/f]k nufOPsf] 5 . t/ o:tf] cf/f]k nufpg]x¿n] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/fx¿ (@, *& / #%, /fhu2L pQ/flwsf/;DaGwL P]g, @)$$ sf] bkmf !# / !$ tyf hf“ra'em cfof]u P]g @)@^ -;+zf]wg @)%)_ sf] bkmf # n] u/]sf] Joj:yftkm{ of Wofg k'¥ofPsf 5}gg\ of t a'emkrfP/ /fhgLlts k"jf{u|xjz Pdfn]nfO{ cf/f]lkt ul//x]sf 5g\ .

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f (@, /fhu2L pQ/flwsf/;DaGwL P]g @)$$ sf] bkmf !# / !$ / hf“ra'em cfof]u P]g @)@^ -;+zf]wg @)%)_ sf] bkmf # n] >L % af6 o:tf] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] 5fgljg, cg';Gwfg, cGj]if0f jf /fli6«o ;/f]sf/;“u ;DalGwt ;ldltsf] u7g k|lqmofdf Gofokl/ifb\, dlGqkl/ifb\ jf /fhkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/z cfjZos x'G5 . o; cfwf/df k|wfgGofofwLz s]zjk|;fb pkfWofosf] cWoIFtfdf ul7t b'O{ ;b:oLo
-k|f/Dedf tLg ;b:oLo, t/ k|d'v ljkIfL g]tf g]kfnsf] /fhLgfdf :jLs[ltkl5 b'O{ ;b:oLo dfq_ ;ldltsf] u7g k|lqmofdf Gofokl/ifb\, dlGqkl/ifb\ jf /fhkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/z ePsf] 5}g . >L % af6 aS; ePsf] zfxL 3f]if0ffdf ;d]t k|lqmofsf af/]df s]xL pNn]v 5}g . g t ;/sf/, /fhkl/ifb\ / Gofokl/ifb\n] g} k|lqmof jf cf–cfkm\gf l;kmfl/zsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf 5g\ . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f (@ df elgPsf] 5– …s'g} GofofwLznfO{ GofofwLzsf] kbdf afx]s cGo s'g} kbdf ;?jf ul/g], sfd nufOg] jf sfhdf v6fOg] 5}g .

æt/ >L % af6 Gofokl/ifb\;“u k/fdz{ ul/aS;L ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz jf k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLznfO{ Goflos hf“ra'emsf] qmddf jf s]xL vf; cjlwsf] sfg'g jf /fHo;DaGwL cg';Gwfg, cGj]if0f jf /fli6«o ;/sf/sf] cGo s'g} sfddf v6fpg ;lsaS;g] 5 . k'g/fj]bg cbfnt jf lhNnf GofofwLzsf] xsdf k|wfgGofofwLzn] Gofokl/ifb\;“u k/fdz{ u/L dflysf] sfd / lgjf{rgh:tf sfddf nufpg] ;Sg]5 .Æ

;+ljwfgsf] of] k|ltaGwfTds Joj:yfn] k|wfgGofofwLzs} cWoIftfdf s'g} klg k|sf/sf] cg';Gwfg jf 5fgljg ;ldltsf] u7g x'g g;Sg] :ki6 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f (@ n] Gofokl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/z jf k/fdz{df dfq ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz jf k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLznfO{ >L % af6 o; k|sf/sf] cg';Gwfg jf /fli6«o ;/sf/sf] sfddf v6fpg ;lsaS;g] 5 . t/ k|wfgGofofwLzsf] xsdf ;+ljwfgn] To:tf] s'g} Joj:yf u/]sf] 5}g . t;y{, gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/af/df h]7 !( ut] 3l6t 36gfsf] 5fgljg ug{ >L % af6 k|wfgGofofwLz s]zjk|;fb pkfWofosf] cWoIFtfdf ul7t pRr:t/Lo ;ldlt ;+ljwfg;Ddt 5}g . jf:tjdf pRr:t/tLo ;ldltdf k|wfgGofofwLz pkfWofosf] ;+nUgtf g} u}/;+j}wflgs 5 . ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLz eGgfn] ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k|wfgGofofwLznfO{ ga'emfO{ cGo GofofwLznfO{ a'emfp“5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f *& n] g} of] leGgtfnfO{ :ki6 u/]sf] 5 . pQm cfwf/df elgPsf] 5– æ>L % af6 ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf g]kfnsf] k|wfgGofofwLz / Gofo kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/zdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf cGo GofofwLzx¿sf] lgo'lQm ul/aS;g] 5 . k|wfgGofofwLzsf] kbfjlw lgo'Qm ePsf] ldltaf6 ;ft jif{sf] x'g]5 .Æ

of] wf/fdf k|:6 pNn]lvt …g]kfnsf] k|wfgGofofwLzÚ / …;jf]{Rr cbfntsf cGo GofofwLzÚ eGg] zAbn] g} b'j}sf] leGgtfnfO{ k|:6ØfPsf] 5 . wf/f *& sf] pkwf/fx¿ %, ^, &, *, (, !), !! / !@ n] klg of] leGgtfnfO{ k|:6ØfPsf] 5 . To;}n] >L % af6 ul7t pRr:t/Lo ;ldltdf k|wfgGofofwLz pkfWofosf] ;+nUgtf ;+ljwfgljk/Lt 5 . To;dfly ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f (@ df pNn]lvt …Gofo kl/ifb\sf] k/fdz{ ul/aS;L >L % af6 ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] cGo GofofwLz jf k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] d'Vo GofofwLznfO{ /fli6«o ;/f]sf/sf] cGo s'g} sfddf v6fpg ;lsaS;g]Ú Joj:yfn] k|wfgGofofwLzsf] ;+nUgtfn] k|Zgx¿ hGdfPsf] sfg'gljb\x¿ atfp“5g\ . >L % af6 pRr:t/Lo ;ldlt u7g ul/aS;"bf Gofokl/ifb\;“u k/fdz{ ul/aS;]sf] hfgsf/L cf}krfl/s?kdf ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5}g . g Gofokl/ifb\n] g} >L % df /fo r9fPsf] hgfPsf] 5 .

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #% sf] pkwf/f @ df …>L % af6 dfq jf df};'kmsf] :jljj]sdf jf cGo s'g} lgsfo jf kbflwsf/Lsf] l;kmfl/zdf ul/aS;g] egL ls6fgL;fy Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s of] ;+ljwfgadf]lhd >L % af6 ul/aS;g] ;a} sfo{x¿ dlGqkl/ifb\sf] ;Nnfx / ;Ddltaf6 ul/aS;g] 5 . o:tf] ;Nnfx / ;Ddlt k|wfgdGqLdfkm{t\ hfx]/ x'g]5Æ eGg] pNn]v 5 . pRr:t/Lo ;ldlt u7g ul/+bf ;+ljwfgsf] of] Joj:yfsf] klg kfngf ePsf] b]lv+b}g . ;ldlt u7g ul/+bf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] ;Nnfx / ;Ddlt >L % df hfx]/ ePsf] 5}g . of] wf/fn] u/]sf] Joj:yfcg'';f/ klg o; k|sf/sf] ;ldltsf] u7g >L % af6 dfq jf df};'kmsf] :jljj]sdf x'g ;Sg] b]lvb+b}g . lsgeg] of] wf/fd} pNn]lvt …===cGo s'g} lgsfo jf kbflwsf/Lsf] l;kmfl/zdf ul/aS;g] egL ls6fgL;fy Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]sÚ eGg] jfSof+zn] klg o;k|sf/sf] ;ldltsf] u7gsf nflu ;+j}wflgs / sfg'gL k|lqmof k"/f ug'{kg]{ :jtM b]lvG5 . o;} wf/fcg';f/ klg o:tf] ;ldltsf] u7gsf nflu dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/z / ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] GofofwLzsf] xsdf Gofo kl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/z clgjfo{ x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

o;}u/L, hf“ra'em cfof]u P]g @)@^ -;+zf]wg @)%)_ sf] bkmf # df pNn]lvt >L % af6 dlGqkl/ifb\sf] ;Nnfxadf]lhd cfof]usf] u7g ul/aS;g] k|fjwfgsf] ;d]t of] pRr:t/Lo ;ldltsf] u7g ubf{ kfngf ul/Psf] 5}g . >L % af6 aS; ePsf] zfxL 3f]if0ffdf klg of] k|fjwfgsf] pNn]v ePsf] b]lv+b}g . To;}n] of] pRr:t/Lo ;ldlt hf“ra'em cfof]u P]gcGtu{t klg u7g ul/Psf] xf] eGg] dfGg sfg'gljb\ tyf ;+ljwfgljb\x¿ tof/ 5}gg\ .

/fhu2L pQ/flwsf/;DaGwL P]g @)$$ sf] bkmf !# df >L % sf] ufy jf /fhu2L tfs]df /fhkl/jf/sf] ;b:o ePdf /fh;ef -xfn /fhkl/ifb\_sf] k/fdz{df >L % af6 x's'd aS;]adf]lhd sf/afxL tyf b08 ;hfo" x'g] pNn]v 5 eg] bkmf !$ sf] pkbkmf ! / @ df /fhl/jf/sf] ;b:o afx]s c? s;}n] To:tf] ck/fw u/]df >L % sf] ;/sf/ jfbL eO{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf d'2f rn]/ k"0f{ Ohnf;n] sf/jfxLsf] lsgf/f ug]{ pNn]v 5 . pkbkmf # df d'2fsf] sf/jfxL /fh;ef -xfn /fhkl/ifb\_sf] k/fdz{df v'Nnf jf aGb Ohnf;df x'g] pNn]v 5 .

/fhu2L pQ/flwsf/;DaGwL P]gsf] bkmf !$ cg';f/, olb of] ;ldltn] h]7 !( ut]sf] /fhkl/jf/sf] xTofsf08df /fhkl/jf/sf] ;b:oafx]s c? s;}sf] klg ;+nUgtf ePsf] lgisif{ lgsfn]df ;/sf/n] g} ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf d'2f rnfpg'kg]{ x'G5 / To;sf] lsgf/f ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k"0f{ Ohfn;n] ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k"0f{ Ohnf;sf] u7g k|wfgGofofwLzaf6 ug{] ul/G5 . To;}n] pRr:t/Lo ;ldltsf] cWoIF eP/ gf/fo0flx6L sf08sf] 5fglag ul//xg'ePsf k|wfgGofowLz pkfWofon] of] sf08df /fhkl/jf/sf ;b:oafx]s cGo s;}sf] klg ;+nUgtf ePsf] 7x/ ePsf] v08df ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k"0f{ Ohnf;df s;/L d'2fsf] sf/jfxLsf] lsgf/f nufpg ;Sg' xf]nf < pxf“;dIf Pp6f uDeL/ k|Zg pkl:yt ePsf] 5 . lsgeg] cfkm}+n] cg';Gwfg sf/afxL rnfpg] / cfkm}+n] d'2fsf] Ohnf; tf]Sg] sfdnfO{ Gofo;+ut dfGg ;lsGg .

oL ;a} tYox¿sf cfwf/df g]skf -Pdfn]_n] pRr:t/Lo ;ldltsf] u7g k|lqmofk|lt hgfPsf] c;xdlt ;+ljwfg / ljBdfg P]gsfg'gsf cfwf/df plrt /x]sf] s'/f sfg'gljb\x¿ atfp“5g\ .

g]skf -Pdfn]_n] of] uDeL/ q'l6nfO{ p7fPkl5 To;nfO{ dlGqkl/ifb\ / Gofokl/ifb\n] k'/fgf] ldlt -h]7 @@_ /fv]/ ;RofPsf] Ps ljZj:t ;"qn] atfPsf] 5 .

Pdfn]dfly bf]xf]/f] dfkb08sf] cf/f]k nufpg]x¿n] >L % af6 pRr:t/Lo ;ldltsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{k"j{ k|wfgdGqL, k|wfgGofofwLz, /fhkl/ifb\\sf ;efklt, ;efd'v / k|d'v ljkIfL g]tfx¿;“usf] 5nkmn ul/aS;]sf] / ;f] cfwf/df g} ;ldltsf] u7g u/]sf] rrf{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . olb To;f] xf] eg] ;ldlt u7g ul/+bf dfly pNn]lvt k|lqmofx¿ dlGqkl/ifb\, gofokl/ifb\ / /fhkl/ifb\n] lsg k"/f u/]gg\ < >L % ;lxt sfo{kflnsf, Joj:yflksf, Gofokflnsf / /fhkl/ifb\sf k|d'vx¿sf] 5nkmndf p7]sf ljifox¿nfO{ cf}krfl/stf lbg ;+ljwfg / P]g sfg'gn] tf]s]sf k|lqmofsf] kfngf gug]{ xf] eg] To;sf] kfngf s;n] u5{ / Tof] ;+ljwfgljk/Lt x'G5 ls x'Gg < uDeL/ k|Zg p7]sf] 5 .

k|d'v ljkIfL g]tf g]kfnn] k|lqmof;Ddt 5fglag ;ldlt u7gsf] dfu ug'{ePsf] xf] . cyf{t\ ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfgcg';f/ dlGqkl/ifb\n] lg0f{o u/L l;kmfl/z u/]df >L % af6 To:tf] ;ldlt u7g ul/g'kYof]{, t/ dlGqkl/ifbn] s'g} l;kmfl/z g} u/]g . o;/L ;+ljwfgsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] k|fjwfgsf] pNn+3g dlGqkl/ifb\n] u/]sf] b]lvG5 / To;sf] lhDd]jf/L k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] g} lng'k5{ . t/ of] s'/fnfO{ sf+u|];n] j]jf:tf u/]/ pN6} Pdfn]sf] lj/f]w ug'{sf] k5fl8 s'g} tYo e]l6Gg .

>L % af6 zfxL 3f]if0ffdfkm{t\ ul7t pRr:t/Lo ;ldltsf] u7g k|lqmofdf q'l6 / sdhf]/L /x]sf] tYo ;ldlt u7g ePsf] b'O{ lbg -h]7 @$_ kl5 dfq ;ldltsf] sfo{If]q tf]lsg'af6 klg :ki6 x'G5 . hals, ;ldlt u7g ul/+bf g} To;sf] sfof{lwsf/ tyf If]q tf]lsg'kYof]{ .

/fli6«o ;efdf Pdfn]af6 sf]–sf] hf“b}5g\ <

sf7df8f}+ . g]skf -Pdfn]_ s]Gb|Lo sld6Lsf] a}7sn] c;f/ !# ut] x'g] /fli6«o ;ef ;b:o kbsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu cfkm\gf pDd]bjf/x¿ rog u/]sf] 5 .

kf“r ljsf; If]qaf6 lgjf{lrt x'g] /fli6«o ;ef ;b:osf] lgjf{rgsf nflu g]skf -Pdfn]_n] k"jf{~rnaf6 /fdlk|t kf;jfg -;Kt/L_, dWodf~rnaf6 nlnt a:g]t -dsjfgk'/_, klZrdf~rnaf6 >LdtL >Ldfof ysfnL -d':tfª_, dWoklZrdf~rnaf6 /+ugfy hf]zL -b}n]v_ / ;'b"/klZrdf~rnaf6 pjf{bQ kGt -s~rgk'/_nfO{ pDd]bjf/ tf]s]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

o;}u/L, k|ltlglw;efsf ;b:ox¿sf] Psn ;+qmd0fLo dtsf cfwf/df x'g] /fli6«o;ef ;b:osf] lgjf{rgsf nflu a]b'/fd e"iffn, leIf'0fL dxfwDdjtL / dx]zdl0f bLlIftnfO{ pDd]bjf/ tf]s]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf tkm{af6 ljhoL x'g] yk Ps ;b:osf nflu ;+;bdf pkl:yt cGo jfdx¿;“u ;/;Nnfx u/L ;femf pDd]bjf/ p7fpg] a'lemPsf] 5 . pBf]uL nIdLbf; dfgGw/sf] gfd klg Pdfn]sf] pDd]bjf/sf] ?kdf rrf{df /x]sf] 5 .

c;f/ !# ut]b]lv /fli6«o ;efsf pkfWoIF lr/~hLjLk|;fb l/hfn;lxt @) hgf ;b:osf] kbfljlw ;dfKt x'"b}5 . h;df rf/ hgf dgf]lgt ;f+;b;d]t kb{5g\ . of] lgjf{rgaf6 /fli6«o ;efdf g]skf -Pdfn]_sf] ;f+;bx¿sf] ;+Vof ;a}eGbf w]/} x'g]5 . ljsf; IF]qut lgjf{rgdf kf“rj6} ljsf; If]qaf6 g]skf -Pdfn]_n] ljho k|fKt ug]{ nueu lglZrt 5 .

/fli6«o ;efsf] s'n ^) ;b:ox¿df clxn] sf+u|];sf] @$, Pdfn]sf] !&, dfn]sf] #, /fk|kf #, /fk|kf -/fi6«jfbL_ @, ;b\efjgf ! / dgf]lgt !) /x]sf 5g\ . of] lgjf{rgkl5 sf+u|]; @), Pdfn]sf @$ hgf /fli6«o ;ef ;b:o x'g]5g\ . a}7s dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnsf] cWoIFtfdf a;]sf] lyof] .

ca b]jofgL s] elG5g\ <

sf7df8f}+ . >L % bLk]Gb|sf] ljjfxsf] k|;+u g} gf/fo0flx6L sf08sf] lgx'" lyof] eGg] k|;+u clxn] Jofks?kdf pl7/x]sf] 5 . /fli6«o, cGt/f{li6«o k|foM ;a} lsl;dsf ;+rf/ dfWodx¿n] oxL s'/fnfO{ lgs} dxTjsf ;fy p7fPsf 5g\ . o;n] ubf{ ljjfx k|;+usf k|d'v JolQmx¿, To;df klg b]jofgL /f0ff;“u aofg gln+bf;Dd pRr:t/Lo 5fgljg ;ldltsf] 5fgljg sfo{ k"/f x'g g;Sg] lglZrt 5 . t/ clxn] pRr:t/Lo ;ldltsf] nflu b]jofgL /f0ffsf] ljb]z knfog Pp6f 7"nf] r'gf}tL ;fljt ePsf] 5 .

36gfsf] csf]{ lbg zlgaf/ laxfg} cfkm\gf ;xof]uL clgn zfx, /lt zfx / lzNkf b'u8sf] ;xof]u lnP/ klxn] cfkm\gf] dfdf3/ ef/t / kl5 ?; k'u]sL b]jofgL /f0ff / >L % bLk]Gb|aLr 36gf ePs} lbg cyf{t\ h]7 !( ut] lbp“;f] a+unfd'vL dlGb/df cgf}krfl/s ljjfx ePsf] s'/f ut ;ftf g} b[li6n] ;fj{hlgs ul/;s]sf] 5 .

>L % jL/]Gb|, >L % P]Zjo{nufot /fhkl/jf/sf clwsf+z ;b:on] c:jLsf/ ubf{ub}{ klg >L % bLk]Gb|nfO{ cfkm\gf] jzdf kf/]/ b]jofgLn] bLk]Gb|;“u ljjfx u/]sf] / ljjfxsf lj/f]wL ;a}nfO{ ef}lts?kdf l;Wofpg kbf{ k5fl8af6 bLk]Gb|nfO{ pS;fPsf] cf/f]k /fhkl/jf/sf gft]bf/x¿n] nufPsf 5g\ . of] cf/f]ksf] af/]df oyfy{ l:ylt Nofpgsf] nflu klg b]jofgL;“u aofg lng'kg]{ x'G5 .

otf ;ldltn] >L % bLk]Gb|sL k"j{ k|]ldsf ;'lk|of zfx;“u lxhf] aofg lnPsf] 5 eg] b]jofgL /f0ffsf afa' kz'kltzdz]/ /f0ff;“u cfOtaf/ aofg lnPsf] hfgsf/L ;ldlt;"qn] lbPsf] 5 .

k|r08nfO{ /fi6«klt aGg] xtf/f] lsg <

sf7df8f}+ . h]7 !( ut] /fhb/af/df ePsf] leif0f uf]nLsf08sf] 5fglag eO/x]s} a]nf e"ldut g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] d'n'snfO{ yk hl6ntftkm{ ws]Ng] k|of;nfO{ tLa|?kdf cl3 a9fPsf 5g\ . b/af/df ePsf] uf]nLsf08sf sf/0f hgtfdf tLj| k|ltlqmof JoQm eO/x]sf] cj:yfsf] /fhgLlts kmfObf p7fpg] of]hgf;lxt dfcf]jfbLn] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff;lxt cGtl/d ;/sf/ agfpg cfx\jfg ub}{ kxnsbdL cf/De u/]sf] atfPsf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] Oltxf;d} ;aeGbf qf;bLk"0f{ pQm uf]nLsf08sf] ;"qwf/ sf] lyof] / s;n] s;/L Tolt 7"nf] sTn]cfd u¥of] eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkmsf nflu 5fglag ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg Jou|tfk"j{s k|tLIff ul//x]sf g]kfnL hgtfdf dfcf]jfbLsf] lg0f{on] yk sf}t'nxtf / ;+>o k}bf u/fPsf] 5 .

/fhb/af/df ePsf] uf]nLsf08sf sf/0f hg;d'bfodf k}bf ePsf] z+sf / k|Zgx¿ oyfjt /x]s} cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbLx¿åf/f xtf/f]df lgsflnPsf] lgisif{n] hgtfdf s:tf] c;/ kfnf{ < /, :jo+ hgtfsf] cfj]u / cfqmf]znfO{ cfkm\gf] lxtcg's"n tLj| 9+un] /fhgLlts/0f ug]{ dfcf]jfbLsf] k|oTgn] dfcf]jfbLs} eljiodf ;d]t s:tf] c;/ knf{ < k|tLIffsf] ljifo ePsf] 5 .

/fhb/af/df ePsf] xTofsf08 b]zL ljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbL / :jo+ b/af/leqs} if8\oGqsf] ?kdf kl/eflift ub}{ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] 5fglag ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg gcfp“b} To;n] ;To tYo glbg] 3f]if0ff u/]/ ;ldltnfO{ g} 5fgljgdf afwf k'¥ofpg] l:ylt l;h{gf ug{ vf]h]sf 5g\ .

g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf cWoIF k|r08åf/f lxhf] ;f] kf6L{sf] kf]ln6Ao"/f]sf] a}7skl5 hf/L ul/Psf] k|]; lj1lKtsf cg';f/ ;fdGtL /fi6«jfbdf cfwfl/t k/Dk/fut /fhtGq cGt ePsf] atfp“b} / @)$^ sf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngsf pknlAwsf] ;/sf/n] xTof u/]sf] cltjfbL lgisif{ lgsflnPsf] 5 .

k|r08åf/f k]|; lj1lKtdf eofgs ;+s6sf] of] l:yltdf ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm g]kfnLx¿sf cufl8 Psl9Ssf ag]/ b]zsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf / /fli6«o :jfledfgsf] hu]gf{ ug]{ P]ltxfl;s lhDd]jf/L cfPsf] atfp“b} b]zeQm, hgjfbL / jfdkGyL /fhgLlts ;d"x Pj+ zlQmx¿n] :jtGq?kdf ;+o'Qm cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] u7g ug{ cljnDa kxnsbdL lng h?/L 5 eGb} cfsl:ds?kdf hGd]sf] u0ftGqnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ zlQmzfnL cfGbf]ngdf pqg cfx\jfg ul/Psf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbLsf] o:tf] lg0f{onfO{ hgtf / af}l4s ;d'bfon] s]6f}nf] lg0f{osf ?kdf u|x0f ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLn] Psflt/ )$^ sf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngn] ;+:yfut u/]sf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] xTof u/]sf] eGb} lrGtf hfx]/ u/]sf 5g\ eg] csf]{tkm{ o;}sf] vf/]hLsf] dfu u/]sf 5g\ . b/af/df 36]sf] ck|Tofl;t uf]nLsf08nfO{ cufl8 ;f/]/ u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{n] pgLx¿sf] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf gLltut lg0f{ok|lt cf“vf lrDng k'u]sf] 5 . :yfgLo ;QfnfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;Qfdf abNg] dfcf]jfbLsf] lg0f{o b/af/sf] uf]nLsf08sf] 36gfn] dfq ;Dej 5 <

olta]nf g]kfnL hgtfsf] dfu eg]sf] jf:tljs xTof/fsf] vf]hL xf], hgtfn] a}slNks ;Qfsf] dfu u/]sf 5}gg\ . t;y{ dfcf]jfbLsf] of] lg0f{o dgf]ut cfu|xsf cfwf/df 5fgljg ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg;d]t gx]/L xtf/df ul/Psf] lg0f{o dfq xf] . cem /fhf jL/]Gb|;“u pgLx¿sf] c3f]lift sfo{ut Pstf / ;+jfbsf s'/fn] k|ltlqmofjfbL SofDknfO{ Psh'6 x'g an k'¥ofPsf] dfq xf]Og, 5fgljgnfO{ ;d]t gsf/fTds agfpg d2t k'¥ofpg vf]h]sf] 5 .

d'n's t/n /fhgLlts cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] a]nf clwgfosjfbtkm{ hfG5 ls eGg] lrGtfn] hgtfnfO{ ;tfPsf] a]nf dfcf]jfbLsf] u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff / cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] u7g ug]{ kxnn] d'n'snfO{ ;}lgs zf;gtkm{ n}hfg] vt/fnfO{ an k'¥ofPsf] 5 . b]z ;}lgs clwgfosjfbtkm{ nfUof] eg] dfcf]jfbLn] lhDdf lng'k5{ ls kb}{g <

Psflt/ @)$^ sf] hgcfGbf]ngn] lbPsf] pknlAwsf] /Iffsf] s'/f ug]{ csf]{tkm{ ;+ljwfgsf] vf/]hL, /fhf jL/]Gb|;“u sfo{ut Pstfsf] s'/f p7fpg], csf]{tkm{ /fhfsf] ;Qf km\of“Sg xltof/ p7fpg] h:tf lj/f]wfefifL s'/f lsg ul//x]5g\ dfcf]jfbLx¿ <

dfcf]jfbLsf kl5Nnf lg0f{ox¿ b]znfO{ emg} ;+s6tkm{ pGd'v agfpg] 9+un] u}/lhDd]jf/k"0f{ /x]sf 5g\ . Pp6} 36gfn] Oltxf;sf] km};nf ub}{g eGg] s'/f pgLx¿n] a'‰g'k5{ / u0ftGqsf] xtf/f]n] ;}lgsLs/0ftkm{ b]znfO{ ws]Ng] k|oTg pgLx¿af6 x'g' x'"b}g .

gf} jif{sL ;'dg 5 j6f efiffdf uLt ufp“l5g\

uLt /]sl8{¨;DaGwL cfjZos ;'emfj dfUgsf] nflu afa'sf] xft ;dfTb} cfkm\gf] 3/ rfjlxn, df}h'jxfn k'u]sL ;gdnfO{ b]Vg] ljlQs} jl/i7 ;+uLtsf/ u0f]z kl/of/n] cf]7 a+Uofp“b} eg]– …o:tL aRrLn] uLt /]s8{ u/fpg] < s:tf s:tf gfd'b ufosx¿ t uLt /]s8{ u/fp“bf :j/ / tfn ldnfpg g;s]/ cfR5', cfR5' x'G5g\, o:tL b"w] aRrLn] s] uLt /]s8{ u/fpnL <Ú

jl/i7 ;+uLtsf/ kl/of/n] of] l6Kk0fL u/]sf] b'O{ xKtf klg lat]sf] 5}g, pgL clxn] ;'dgsf] …km\ofgÚ aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . cfkm\gf] l6Kk0fLk|lt kZrftfk dflg/x]sf 5g\ . pgL b'O{ xKtf cufl8 em}+ ;gdnfO{ b"w] aRrL xf]Og, ;'Gb/ eljio af]s]sL kl/kSj uflosf ePsf] bfjL ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . …cfDd}, of] aRrLsf] k|ltef b]v]/ d t olt cfZro{df k/]+ ls eGg} ;lSbg, pd]/ / cj:yfn] b"w] aRrL eP/ s] ug'{, Jojxf/n] logL tkfO{+ xfdLn] sNkgf ug{ g;Sg] lsl;dn] kl/kSj l5g\ . o:tf] cgf}7f] k|ltefjfg aRrL d}n] b]v]s} 5}g .Ú jl/i7 ;+uLtsf/ kl/of/ ljgf lxrlsrfx6 eG5g\ .

;gd cyf{t\ ;'dg If]qLsf] af/]df jl/i7 ;+uLtsf/ kl/of/sf] of] bfjLn] g} pgn] k|ltef / Ifdtfsf] Pp6f emns lbG5 . ev{/ ( jif{ k'u]sL ;gdsf] cfkm\gf] klxnf] cl8of] Sof;]6 ca s]xL lbgd} ahf/df cfpg] tof/Ldf 5 . To;sf] nflu pgn] ut laxLaf/ uLt /]s8{ ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg u/]sL 5g\ . Pp6f ;fj{hlgs ;df/f]xdf ljdf]rg ePkl5 g]kfns} ;a}eGbf …km'RrLÚ uflosfsf] klxnf] cl8of] Sof;]6 …kfOnf cl3 a9\b}5Ú >f]tfx¿sf] dfemdf cfpg] 5 . / ;+ejtM To;sf] nuQ} pgL 6]lnlehgsf kbf{x¿df klg b]lvg]l5g\ .

^ efiffdf uLt /]s8{ u/fpg] tof/L

gf} jif{sL ;'dg If]qLsf] ;'dw'/ :j/x¿n] el/Psf] cl8of] Sof;]6 ahf/df cfp“b}5 eGg] ;'Gbf cfZro{df kg]{x¿ Tolta]nf csf]{ cfZro{df k5{g\, hlta]nf pgn] ^ efiffdf af]Ng, ;fdfGo n]vk9 ug{ / uLt ufpg ;lS5g\ eGg] yfxf kfp“5g\ .

;g\ !((@ sf] hgj/Ldf l8uaf]O cf;fddf hGd]sL ;gdn] g]kfnL, ef]hk'/L, lxGbL, a+ufnL, c+u|]hL / yf? efiffdf ;'/ / tfn ldnfP/ uLt ufpg ;lS5g\ . / ;+ej eP;Dd l5§} g} oL ^ j6} efiffdf ufOPsf uLtx¿ /]s8{ u/fpg OR5's tyf k|ltj4 l5g\ . olb pgsf] of] k|ltj4tf / OR5f k"/f eof] eg] ;+;f/sf cfZro{ nfUbf 36gfqmdx¿nfO{ ;d]l6g] lulgh a's ckm jN8{ /]s8{df gfd n]vfpgsf] nflu pgsf] nflu 9f]sf v'nf x'g]5 . lsgls olt ;fg} pd]/df ^÷^ efiffdf uLt /]s8{ u/fpg] uflosf ;+;f/df clxn];Dd sf]xL gePsf] bfjL ;+uLt ljz]if1x¿sf] 5 .

To;f] t pgL uLt ufpg dfq xf]Og afhfx¿ ahfpg klg ;lS5g\ cyf{t\ cfkm\gf] uLtdf cfkm}+ ;+uLt lbg ;Sg] x}l;ot klg pgsf] 5 . oBlk ahf/df cfpg] tof/L /x]sf] pgsf] klxnf] Sof;]6 …kfOnf cl3 a9\b}5Údf eg] pgn] ;+uLt lbPsL 5}gg\ . pgsf] ;a}eGbf dgkg]{ afhf xf/df]lgod xf] .

;+uLtk|ltsf] cfsif{0f

ef/tsf] cf;fddf hGd]/ a'6jn gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !! df x'ls{b} u/]sL ;gd uLt–;+uLtk|lt slxn]b]lv cfslif{t x'g yflng\, Tof] s'/f :jo+ pgL / pgsf cleefjsnfO{ klg yfxf 5}g . …;fg}b]lv uLt u'gu'gfO /xGyL t/ Tolta]nf ;a} afnaRrf o:tf] xf] eg]/ xfdLn] jf:t} u/]gf}+ .Ú pgsf afa' lx/f If]qL eG5g\– xfdLn] pleq s]xL k|ltef 5 eGg] s'/f @ jif{cufl8 yfxf kfof}+ . lsgls Tolta]nf g} pgn] uLt t ufp“lyg\ g}, ;fy ;fy} uLtsf uLtsf/, ;+uLtsf/sf] af/]df klg ;f]wk'5 uly{g\ . s'g} gof“ uLt ;'Gof] ls p;n] ufos dfq xf]Og n]vs / ;+uLtsf/ sf] xf] < ltgLx¿ s:tf 5g\ eg]/ ;f]Wb} / Tof] ghfGbf;Dd pgL r"k nfu]/ a:g} ;lSbglyg\ . olt ;fg} pd]/df To:tf] cfsif{0f b]v]kl5 o;sf] k|ltefnfO{ dg{ lbg' x'"b}g eGg] nfu]/ xfdLn] g} 3/df To:tf] jftfj/0f agfOlbg] k|of; u¥of}+ .

uflosf If]qL cfkm\gf] k|]/0ff >f]t g} xh'/ a'af o'4jL/ /f0ff ePsf] atfp“l5g\ . …xh'/a'afn] hlxn] klg dnfO{ 7"nf] dfG5] aGg' k5{ eg]/ eGg'x'G5Ú pxf“n] g} dnfO{ z'?df uLt ufpg / afhf ahfpg l;sfO lbg'ePsf] xf] .Ú k|jf;L xh'/a'afsf] ;Demgf ub}{ ;'dg elG5g\ . k|jf;df a;]/ g]kfnL ;flxTosf] pTyfgdf lqmofzLn /x]sf] o'4jL/ /f0ff cfkm} Pshgf /fd|f] uLtsf/ dflgG5g\ . ahf/df cfpg] tof/Ldf /x]sf] ;'dgsf] klxnf] …PNjdÚsf Pp6f uLtsf] /rgfsf/ klg /f0ff g} /x]sf 5g\ .

nf]s tyf cfw'lgs uLtk|ltsf] cfsif{0f

ev{/ ( jif{df kfOnf rfNb} u/]sL ;'dg kkuLtsf] t'ngfdf nf]suLt / cfw'lgs uLttkm{ a9L cfslif{t b]lvPsL 5g\ . Tof] s'/f pgsf] klxnf] …PNjdÚ sf uLtx¿n] :ki6 kf5{ . * j6f uLtx¿ /x]sf] klxnf] PNjd …kfOnf cl3 a9\b}5Údf Pp6f klg kkuLt /x]sf] 5}g . ntf d+u]:s/sf] uLt ;fx|} dg k/fpg] ;'dg ;f]emf] efiffdf elG5g\– kkuLt Tolt dg kb}{g .

pgsf] klxnf] PNjdsf s]xL uLtx¿ afnaflnsfl;t ;DalGwt 5g\ eg] s]xL uLtx¿ b]zk|]dsf efjgfn] cf]tk|f]t /x]sf 5g\ . PNjddf ;d]l6Psf] of] uLtn] g} pgsf] dgdf /fi6«k|]dsf] efjgf slt alnof] 5 eGg] s'/f b]vfp“5 .

æ;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f]af6 ;+;f/ b]lvG5
xfd|} em/gf gbL ldn]/ ;d'b| el/G5
x[bo 7"nf] 5, cfTdLotfn] ljZj g} c6fp“5
xfdL g]kfnL, xfd|f] zfg xf] g]kfn ljzfn 5Æ

To:t} cfw'lgstfsf] gfddf lelqPsf] klZrdf 5f8f ;+:s[ltk|lt uflosf ;'dgsf] tLj| cfqmf]z /x]sf] 5 . To;}n] sk8f 5f]6f nufP/ cfkm"nfO{ cfw'lgs eGg] o'jtLx¿nfO{ Jo+Uo ub}{ pgn] uLtdfkm{t cfx\jfg u/]sL 5g\–

nfhsf uxgf b]vfp“b} lx+8\g]
sk8f g} k"/f gefsf] km]zg ug]{,
gf/Lsf] ;'Gb/ skfn s]6f em}+ sf6\g]
hf]/Lkf/Ln] cf“vf 5f]Kg] km]zg s] ug]{ <

…t/ dnfO{ ;a}eGbf dgkg]{ uLt eg] ef]ln 3fd pbfpg] 5 eGg] xf]Ú ;'dgn] b[li6;“u elgg\– of] uLtsf] cy{ klg lgs} /fd|f] 5 / d]/f xh'/a'afn] n]v]sf]n] klg dnfO{ of] uLt ;fx|} dgk5{ .Ú

jl/i7 ;+uLtsf/ u0f]z kl/of/ ;'dgnfO{ s;}n] klg …afnuflosfÚ eGg gkfpg] atfp“5g\ . …s;}n] To;f] eG5 eg] To;sf] d k|ltjfb u5'{ . lsgls p;sf] pd]/ ;fgf] 5 eg]/ x'"b}g . pgsf] Ifdtfn] b]vfO;s]sf] 5 ls pgL s'g} klg Jofj;flos ufos–uflosfeGbf sd Ifdtfjfg 5}gg\ . pgn] ufPsf uLtx¿ clxn]sf k|Voft, Jofj;flos ufos–uflosfnfO{ ufpg xDd] knf{ t/, pgn] pgLx¿n] ufPsf ;a} uLtx¿ ufOlbg ;lS5g\ . To;}n] p;nfO{ afnuflosf eGg ldNb}g .Ú

;'dgsf] uLt /]sl8{ª ul/Psf] l6«lg6L l8lh6n :6'l8of], sflnsf:yfg, l8NnLahf/sf nId0f kf}8]n ;'dgnfO{ uLt;+uLtsf] af/]df w]/} s'/f yfxf eO;s]sf] atfp“b} eG5g\– …pgnfO{ uLt;+uLtsf] k"/} 1fg /x]5 . ghfg]sf] s'/f klg Psb'O{ k6s eg]kl5 t];|f] k6s eGg} gkg]{ . pgLl;t sfd ubf{ hlt ;lhnf] k'/fgf ufos uflosf;“u ubf{ klg dx;"; ePsf] lyPg .

eljiosf] of]hgf

ægLnf] cfsfz}sf] ;]tf] 3fdh'gnfO{
k9\b} gfRb} ufp“b} hfG5' tf/f 5'gnfO{ .Æ

PNaddf ;d]l6Psf] Pp6f uLtsf] of] c+zn] g} pgsf] eljiosf] ;Dk"0f{ of]hgf / nIonfO{ :ki6 kfb{5 . uLt ;+uLtk|ltsf] cfsif{0f b]Vg]x¿ uflosf aGg] w'gdf pgsf] k9fO rf}k6 x'g] xf] ls eGg] lrGtf JoQm u5{g\ . t/ pgnfO{ o;af/]df s'g} lrGtf 5}g . …?l6g ldnfP/ sfd u/]kl5 k9fO s;/L lau|G5 / <Ú pgsf] k9fOk|lt lrGtf JoQm ug]{x¿nfO{ pgL k|ltk|Zg ul5{g\ . a'6jnsf] cS;kmf]8{ af]l8{ª :s"naf6 rf/ sIffsf] k/LIff lbP/ l/hN6sf] k|tLIffdf /x]sL pgL lgw{Ss;“u elG5g\– kf]xf]/ ;]sG8 ePsL lyp“ . o;k6s km:6 x'G5' eGg] nfu]sf] 5, geP klg ;]s]G8 x'g] s'/fdf t z+sf 5}g .

;'dgsf afa' lx/f klg uLt;+uLtn] 5f]/Lsf] k9fO glau|g] s'/fdf ljZj:t 5g\ . …c?n] l6eL x]5{g\ c? s'/fx¿ v]N5g\, t/ o;nfO{ To:tf lrhx¿sf] af/]df s]xL dtna 5}g . o;sf] nflu v]ns"b eg]s} uLt ;+uLt xf] . To;}n] k9\g] a]nfdf kl9xfN5], c?n] v]Ng] a]nfdf l/ofh ubf{ s] lau|G5 t <Ú xfn ;+uLt lzIfs s[i0f 3tfg]sf] lgb]{zgdf l/ofh ug]{ u/]sL cfkm\gf] 5f]/Lsf] af/]df l6Kk0fL ub}{ afa' lx/f eG5g\ .

* jif{ k'u]/ ( jif{ 6]Sb} u/]sL ;'dgsf] eljiosf] af/]df clxn] s'g} 7f]s'jf ug'{ xtfl/Psf] 7xl/g ;S5 . t/ Tof] pd]/d} ^ j6f efiffsf] 1fg, kfsf] Jojxf/ / sfo{z}nL tyf uLt;+uLtk|ltsf] cfsif{0fn] ubf{ pgL ef]lnsL g]kfnsL uxgf aGg ;Sg] s'/fnfO{ eg] s;}n] gsfg{ ;Sb}g .

k|:tf]tfM afa'/fd