/fhfsf] sbdaf/] yl/yl/sf rrf{

sf7df8f}+ ÷ ;+;baf6 kfl/t eO{ nfndf]x/sf nflu >L % ;dIf k7fOPsf] ljjfbf:kb gful/stf ljw]osnfO{ nfndf]x/ nufpg 7Ls 5 jf 5}g eGg] ljifodf /fhfåf/f ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf /fo dfu ul/Pkl5 clxn] pQm ljw]os ;+;baf6 kfl/t ug]{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] /fi6«3ftL rl/q c? kbf{kmf; ePsf] 5 . ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] u'nfdL ub}{ cfPsf] g]kfnL sf+u|];n] /fli6«o ;efaf6 lkmtf{ k7fOPsf] pQm ljw]osnfO{ k|ltlglw ;efdf cGo ljkIfLx?sf] lj/f]wsf] afah'b klg slyt ax'dtsf] cfwf/df cy{ ljw]ossf] gfddf kfl/t u/]/ nfndf]x/sf] nflu b/af/df k7fPsf] lyof] .

nfndf]x/sf] nflu b/af/ k7fOPsf] pQm ljw]osnfO{ b]zsf /fi6«jfbL zlQmx?n] /fi6«3ftL ePsf] tYok"0f{ ts{x?nfO{ cufl8 ;f/]/ cfGbf]ng ul//x]s} a]nf /fhfaf6 b]zsf /fli6«o kf6L{sf g]tfx?;"u pQm ljw]osnfO{ nfndf]x/ nufpg plrt 5 ls 5}g eGg] af/]df ljrf/ ljdz{ ;d]t ug]{ sfd ePsf] lyof] . To;sf cltl/Qm /fhkl/ifb :yfoL ;ldltsf ;efklt 8f= s]z/h+u /fodfemL, ;efd'v tf/fgfy /fgfef6, /fli6«o ;efsf cWoIf 8f= df]xDdb df]xl;g nufotsf JolQmx?;"u klg /fhfaf6 ljrf/ ljdz{ ug]{ sfd ePsf] lyof] . ljrf/ ljdz{sf] qmddf g]kfnL sf+u|]; afx]s /fk|kfsf cWoIf ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] klg pQm ljw]osdfly nfndf]x/ nufpg plrt /x]sf] egL cfkm\gf] /fo /fhf;dIf lbPsf] jtfOPsf] 5 eg] g]skf -Pdfn]_, g]skf -dfn]_ / s]xL :jtGq a'l4hLljx? ;d]tn] pQm ljw]osdf nfndf]x/ nufpg gx'g] /fo lbPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . /fk|kfsf cWoIf ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf afx]s >L % ;"u e]6 kfpg] ;a} cyf{t\ Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, dfn] cWoIf ;xfgf k|wfg / dxf;lrj jfd]bj uf}td, /fli6«o ;efsf cWoIf 8f= df]xDdb df]xl;g / tdfd :jtGq a'l4hLljx? ;d]tn] gful/stf ljw]osdf nfndf]x/ nufpg gx'g] ;'emfj lbPsf] s'/f e/kbf]{ ;'qn] atfPsf] 5 .

ljjflbt /fi6«3ftL gful/stf ljw]osnfO{ >L % af6 /fo dfUg ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf k7fOPkl5 /fhgLlts j[Qdf gof" rrf{ k|f/De ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #% sf] @ jdf]lhd cy{ ljw]ossf] ?kdf k|ltlglw ;efaf6 kfl/t e}cfPsf] ljw]osnfO{ >L % n] :jLs[lt hgfpg} kg]{ jfWotfTds Joj:yf ;+ljwfgdf u/]sf] eP klg gful/stf ljw]os cy{ ljw]os x'g ;S5 ls ;Sb}g eGg] k|Zg g} cfd ?kdf pl7/x]sf] cj:yfdf Tof] ljw]osg} ;+lawfg;"u aflemPsf] ;d]t kfOPsf]n] To;sf] JofVof ug]{ clGtd lgsfo ;jf]{Rr cbfntg} ePsf] x'"bf >L % af6 rflnPsf] sbd cToGt ;'ema'em k"0f{ ePsf] s'/f sfg"gljb\x?n] atfPsf 5g\ .

;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 r}q ! ut]sf nflu 5nkmnsf] ldlt tf]ls;s]kl5 hgwf/0ff ;fKtflxsn] /fhwfgLsf s]xL rlr{t sfg"g Joj;foLx?;"u >L % af6 rflnPsf] sbd ;+lawfg;Ddt eP gePsf] ;DaGwdf k|ltlqmof dfUbf s'g} klg sfg"g Joj;foLn] of] sbd ;+lawfg;Ddt gePsf] eGg ;s]gg\ . a? >L % sf] of] sbd ;+lawfg;Ddt / Jojxfl/s klg 5 eGb} sfg"g Joj;foLx?n] b'O{9'+uf aLrsf] t?nsf] l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t /xL b'O{lt/sf l5d]sL d'n'sx?l;t ;Gt'lnt ;DaGw :yflkt ug{ cj/f]w v8f x'g ;Sg] u/L PskIfLo b[li6sf]0faf6 NofOPsf] gful/stf ljw]osn] csf]{ l5d]sLl;t ;DaGw ljlu|g ;Sg] s'/f tkm{ >L % sf] ;/sf/ ;r]t gag]sf] cj:yfdf >L % af6 ljj]s;Ddt lg0f{o lnOPsf] ts{ s]xL sfg"gljb\x?af6 cfof] .

hgwf/0ffn] jl/i7 clwjStfx? s[i0fk|;fb kGt, u0f]z/fh zdf{, ljZjsfGt d}gfnLsf ;fy} clwjStfx? jf]0f{axfb'/ sfsL{, lzj/fh clwsf/L, jfns[i0f Gof}kfg];"u lxhf] pQm ljw]oss} ljifonfO{ lnP/ kmf]g ;Dks{ u/]sf] lyof] . jl/i7 clwjQmf d's'Gb /]UdLn] cfÎgf] k|ltlqmof ;fj{hlgs ub}{ >L % sf] sbd ;+ljwfg;Ddt ePsf] atfO;Sg' ePsf] 5 .

>L % af6 gful/stf ljw]ossf] bkmf @ ;+lawfgsf] wf/f * / ( k|lts'n 5 jf 5}g eGg] ;DaGwdf ;jf]{Rr cbfnt;"u /fo dfu ePsf] 5 . olb o:tf] ;jfndf ;jf]{Rr cbfnt klg u}/ lhDd]jf/ aGg k'U5 eg] /fi6«sf] ;j}eGbf pRr lgsfo hgtf xf], /fhfn] hgtfsf] cledt a'em\g o:tf hl6n ljifodf hgdt ;+u|x klg u/fpg lxDdt ug'{k5{ eGg] k|ltlqmof klg s]lx sfg"gljb\x?af6 cfPsf 5g\ .

jl/i7 clwjQmf s[i0fk|;fb kGtn] >L % af6 gful/stf ljw]ossf ;DaGwdf ;jf]{Rr cbfnt ;dIf /fo dfUg] sfd ;+ljwfg;Ddt g} ePsf] 7f]s'jf ub}{ g]kfnsf] hg;+Vof gLlt s:tf] x'g'k5{ eGg] ljifonfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ sfg"gsf] lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ ulDe/ ;jfnnfO{ klg p7fpg' eof] . g]kfnnfO{ hg;+Vof w]/} rflxPsf] xf] jf yf]/} eGg] k|Zg ub}{ jl/i7 clwjQmf kGtn] g]kfnn] w]/} hg;+Vof grfx]sf] xf] eg] hg;+VofnfO{ lgolGqt ug]{ vfnsf sfg"g agfpg' k5{ eGg' x'"b} gful/stf ljw]os ;+ljwfg;"u :ki6 ?kdfg} aflemPsf] bfjL ug'{eof] . jl/i7 clwjQmf u0f]z/fh zdf{n] eg] pQm ljifosf] ljjfb ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf k'lu;s]sf] sf/0f cbfntsf] axzdf efu lng] cj;/ kfPsf] v08df cfkm"n] cfkm\gf ljrf/x? cbfnt ;dIfg} /fVg] jtfp"b} k|];;"u s]xL k|ltlqmof JoQm ug{ rfxg' ePg . To;}u/L g]kfn jf/ P;f]l;o;gsf cWoIf l;Gw'gfy Kofs'/]nn] ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf axzsf] nflu Pldsz So"/Lsf] u7g ug]{ lhDd]jf/L cfkm\gf] ;d]t /xg] ePsf] sf/0f o; ljifodf af]Ng rfxg' ePg .

l;rfO{df ef/teSt xflsd

sf7df8f}+ ÷ af"s] lhNnfnfO{ xl/ofnL t'Nofpg] of]hgf cg';f/ @)$) ;fndf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] d'Vo of]hgfsf ?kdf cufl8 ;f/]sf] l;S6f l;rfO{ cfof]hgf ef/tsf sf/0faf6 :ylut ePsf] lyof] eg] o;jif{ k'gM ef/ts} sf/0faf6 :ylut x'g] ePsf] 5 . !& jif{ cufl8 ! ca{ #% s/f]8 @) nfv ?k}of 5'6\ofOPsf] ;f] cfof]hgfnfO{ tTsflng k+rfotL ;/sf/n] ef/tsf] bjfjaf6 :ylut u/]sf] kl/0ffd:j?k nId0fk'/ af"w lgdf{0f ug]{ sfd eof] . ef/tLo kIfn] l;S6f cfof]hgf lsg /f]Sg rfx]sf] lyof] eGg] s'/f nId0fk'/ af"w lgdf{0f ePkl5 k|i6 x'g uPsf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf ef/t e|d0fdf hfg' k'j{ ;+;bdf k|:t't ePsf] ah]6 efif0fdf l;S6f l;+rfO{ cfof]hgfnfO{ # s/f]8 ah]6 5'6\ofOPsf] pNn]v ePsf] lyof] .

k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfsf] ef/t e|d0fkl5 l;+rfO{ ljefusf dxflgb]{zs /Tg]Zj/ sfo:yn] l;S6f of]hgfsf ;DaGwdf ef/t kIfnfO{ leqL ;"rgf pknAw u/fP/ ;f] of]hgf sfof{Gjog x'g glbg] v]ndf ;kmntf xfl;n u/]sf] s'/f l;+rfO{ ljefu kl/;/df rrf{sf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . h]i7 dlxgfsf] ah]6 efif0fdf # s/f]8 ah]6 5'6\ofOPsf] l;S6f cfof]hgfsf lglDt xfn;Dd cfof]hgf k|d'v tf]Sg] sfd ;d]t gx'g'af6 dxflgb]{zs /Tg]Zj/ sfo:ysf] lgot k|i6 x'g uPsf] 5 .

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf k"j{ dxfdGqL ;'lzn sf]O/fnfsf] u[x lhNnf /x]sf] af"s]df k|:tfljt of] l;S6f cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog x'g gkfp"bf klg ;'lzn sf]O/fnf df}g /xg' ePsf] 5 . o;}n] klg of] cfof]hgfsf lj?4 ef/tLo bjfa /x]sf] s'/f k'li6 x'G5 . af"s] lhNnfjf;Lx?n] ;'lzn sf]O/fnf ;dIf k6s–k6s of] cfof]hgfsf ;DaGwdf s'/f /flv;s]sf 5g\ . t}klg zlQmzfnL g]tf ;'lzn sf]O/fnfsf] hf]8 rn]sf] 5}g . oxL l;S6f l;rfO{ cfo]fhgfnfO{ cj?4 t'Nofpg dxflgb]{zs sfo:y ut sflQs dlxgfsf] !^ b]lv @) ut];Dd uf]Ko ?kdf lbNnL k'u]/ ef/t kIf;"u ;f"7uf"7 u/]/ cfPsf] rrf{ hn>f]t kl/;/df Jofks 5 . sfo:yn] ef/tnfO{ oxL u'g nufPsf] sf/0fn] ef/t kIfn] pgnfO{ hn>f]tsf] ;lrjdf a9'jf ug{ k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ bjfj lbO{/x]sf] afn'jf6f/ ;'qn] hgwf/0ffnfO{ atfPsf] 5 . l;S6f l;rfO{ cfof]hgfsf] dxTjnfO{ /fd|/L a'em\g' ePsf hn>f]t dGqL anb]j dhu}ofn] sfo:ysf] if8oGqk"0f{ lqmofsnfknfO{ a'em\g ;Sg'ePsf] 5 ls 5}g, Tof] eg] eljion] atfpg] g} 5 .

kLs]sL emf"qmL s] elG5g\ <

sf7df8f}+ ÷ g]kfndf dlxnfx?sf] ;j}eGbf 7'nf] / rlr{t kb\dsGof SofDk;df cg]/f:jljo"sf] tkm{af6 ;efklt kbdf pDd]bjf/ ag]sL /fds'df/L emf"qmLn] cfkm"n] lgjf{rg lht]sf] v08df kb\dsGof SofDk;nfO{ Pp6f v'nf ljZjljBfnodf kl/0ft u/fpg] gof" cjwf/0ffnfO{ ;fj{hlgs u/]sL 5g\ . g]kfn clw/fHosf dlxnf ljBfyL{x?n] P;=Pn=;L= kf; u/]kl5 dfq} pQm SofDk;df k9\g kfpg] jt{dfg Joj:yfnfO{ cGTo u/fP/ ljleGg Jojxfl/s ljifodf j}1flgs / ;j{;'ne lzIff pknAw u/fpg dlxnf ljZjljBfnodf kl/0ft u/fpg] pgsf] rfxgf 5 .

d'n'ssf] ;a}eGbf rlr{t ljBfyL{ ;+u7g cg]/f:jljo"sf] tkm{af6 pQm SofDk;df pk ;efkltdf c?0ff sfsL{, ;lrjdf a'l4s'df/L -ljdnf_ sfsL{, ;x–;lrjdf d~h' /fO{, sf]iffWoIfdf zf]ef sf]O/fnf / ;b:ox?df OlGb/f kf]v|]n, kf;fË 8f]Nd' nfdf, ljGh' >]i7, tf/f uf}td, dL/f du/, ljBf nD;fn, /ldtf >]i7, OlGb/f cof{n, bLkf j:tL / k|ldnf clwsf/L pDd]bjf/ /x]sf 5g\ . /fli6«otfsf] cfGbf]ngdf /fi6«s} l;kfxLsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] cg]/f:jljo"sf] tkm{af6 SofDk;df k|ltlglwTj ul//x]sf pDd]bjf/x?sf] t'ngfdf clvn gfdwf/L cGo ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf pDd]bjf/x? lkmsf ;fljt e};s]sf 5g\ eg] g]lj;+3 leq pTkGg ePsf] @ j6f ;d'xsf] sf/0f p;sf] k/fho x'g] lglZrt b]lvPsf] 5

v]tfg / h]kLsf] kf]n v'Nof]

sf7df8f}+ ÷ rlr{t df]jfOn kmf]g k|s/0fdf v]tfg u|'k / >L % sf] ;/sf/ ;+rf/ dGqfno lj?4 ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf k'u]sf b'/ ;+rf/sf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ nlIft u/L df]xg uf]kfn v]tfgn] lxhf] a'waf/ k|sflzt Pp6f klqsfdf lbg' ePsf] cGt/jftf{df JoSt ljrf/ k|lt sd{rf/Lx? cfqmf]lzt ag]sf 5g\ .

b'/;+rf/ sd{rf/L ;+u7gsf dxf;lrj 3gZofd /fO{n] lxhf] /ftL hgwf/0ffl;t s'/f ub}{ ædf]jfOn kmf]g 6]08/ k|s/0fdf tTsflng ;+rf/dGqL / v]tfg u|'k aLr unt ;f}bfjfhL ePsf] s'/f df]xg uf]kfn v]tfg :jo+n] :jLsf/ ug{'ePsf] 5 . dGqL hok|sfzsf] lgufxaf6 6]08/ cfkm"n] kfPsf] s'/f v]tfgn] cGt/jf{tfdf k|i6} af]Ng' ePaf6 6]08/df ePsf] 3f]6fnf k|i6 x'G5 t/ v]tfgn] ;f]xL cGt/jftf{df ;+rf/ dGqfnosf sd{rf/Lx?n] lk|m–z]o/ dfu]sf lyP eg]/ s;nfO{ ;+s]t ug{ vf]Hg' ePsf] xf] < Tof] pxf"n] k|i6 ug'{ k5{Æ egL cfqmf]zo'St k|ltlqmof lbg' ePsf] 5 . v]tfgn] df]jfOn k|s/0fdf d2t ug]{ sd{rf/Lx?sf] hflu/ vf]:g' k5{ egL cfkm\gf] lgs[i6 ljrf/ JoQm ul//xg' ePsf] atfp"b} /fO{n] xfd|f] d'2f cleofg s;}sf] lj?4 nlIft geP/ b'/ ;+rf/sf] eljionfO{ ;'/lIft ug'{ / df]jfOn kmf]g 6]08/sf gfp"df x'g u}/x]sf] 7"nf] b'3{6gfnfO{ /f]Sg' dfq xf] egL k|i6 ug'{ eof] .

/fO{n] ;f] d'2fsf] ;'g'jfO{df ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf tkm{af6 e}/x]sf] l9nf;':tL k|lt c;Gtf]if JoSt ub}{ ;Ddflgt Gofokflnsfaf6} o:tf] nfkjf{xL x'g'n] xfd|f] xf]Og cbfnts} dof{bf 36fpg] sfd ePsf] atfpg' eof

:jljo" sAhf ug{ nDs]sf of]4fx?

sf7df8f}+ ÷ cfufdL !$ ut] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf cf+lus tyf k|fOe]6 SofDk;x?df ;DkGg x'g nflu /x]sf] :jljo" lgjf{rgsf nflu g]kfnL ljBfyL{x?aLr cToGt} nf]slk|o ljBfyL{ ;+u7g cg]/f:jljo" cu|:yfgdf b]lvPsf] 5 . ljBfyL{x?n] em]Ng' k/]sf z}lIfs ;d:ofx?nfO{ k|d'v d'2f agfP/ lg0fF{os ;+3if{df plqb} cfPsf] sf/0f g]skf -dfn]_ lgs6 cg]/f:jljo"nfO{ ;DkGg x'g nflu/x]sf] :jljo" lgjf{rgdf ljhoL u/fpg cfd ljBfyL{x? tTk/ b]lvPsf 5g\ . z}lIfs Jofkf/Ls/0fsf] lj?4 ;a}eGbf :ki6 ;f]r / ljsNk ;d]t k|:t't u/]/ g]kfnsf] lzIffnfO{ j}1flgsLs/0fsf] af6f]tkm{ 8f]¥ofO/x]sf] pQm clvnnfO{ :jljo"df lgjf{lrt u/fP/ dfq} g]kfnsf] z}lIfs If]qnfO{ pHofnf] lbzflt/ pGd'v u/fpg ;lsG5 eGg] ljZjf; cfd ljBfyL{x?n] lnO/x]sf 5g\ . lqe'jg ljZjljBfnodf dfn] clvnsf] tkm{af6 g]t[Tj ul//xg' ePsf af}l4s tyf eb| ljBfyL{ g]tf 1fg]Gb| lqkf7Lsf] ;d'x cGo ;+u7gx?sf] t'ngfdf cufl8 b]lvPsf] 5 . lqljljnfO{ gd'gf ljZjljBfnodf ?kfGt/0f ug]{ gof" sfo{qmd ;lxt pDd]bjf/ aGg'ePsf lqkf7Lsf] cufl8 g]lj;+3sf nf]s/fh e§ / Pdfn] clvnsf ljho /fO{ Psbd} sdhf]/ pDd]bjf/sf] ?kdf b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . dfn] lgs6 cg]/f:jljo"n] ljZjljBfnosf] k|fl1s dof{bfnfO{ sfod /fVg / jl/i7 k|fWofksx?nfO{ u/]sf] ;Ddfgn] klg ljBfyL{x? pQm clvnk|lt cfslif{t alg/x]sf 5g\ . dfn] lgs6 clvnn] al/i7 k|fWofks l6kL rf}w/L nufotsf k|fWofksx?nfO{ o; cl3g} ;Ddfg ul/;s]sf] 5 . ptf Pdfn] clvnleq eg] ljho /fO{ dfwj u'6sf] ePsf] sf/0f /fO{nfO{ x/fpg cf]nL ;dy{s ljBfyL{x? ;lqmotf k"j{s nflu/x]sf 5g\ . lqljsf] k|fl1s :jfoQtfsf] lglDt ;b}j Jojxf/af6} sfof{Gjog ug{ rfxg] dfn] clvng} o;k6s lqljlj ljBfyL{x?sf] k|ltlglw ;+:yf :jljo"df lgjf{lrt x'g] ePsf] 5 . Oltxf;d} gd"gf sfdx? u/]/ g]kfnd} ;a}eGbf rlr{t ag]sf] c:sn :jljo" o;k6sklg zfgbf/ ?kdf ljho x'g] lglZrt 5 . uPsf] lgjf{rgdf ;d]t ljhoL ag]sf] dfn] lgs6 :jljo"n] pQm SofDk;df sDo'6/ ;fOG;sf] gof" cWofkg z'? u/fPsf] 5 eg] cfsfz] k'n agfP/ csf]{ P]ltxfl;s sfd u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnd} ;a}eGbf al9 /rgfTds sfdx? ug]{ pQm :jljo"sf] g]t[Tj o;k6s klg k'/fg} ;efklt 6]08L z]kf{n] ul//x]sf 5g\ . ptf g]kfn n SofDk;df klg Pdfn] clvn dfwj g]kfn / s]kL cf]nL u'6df ljeflht ag]/ cGt3f{tdf plqPsf] 5 eg] g]lj;+3sf] ljjfbsf] sf/0f Pp6f ;d'xn] dfn] lgs6 cg]/f:jljo"nfO{ dt xfNg] ePsf] 5 . k[YjL gf/fo0f SofDk; kf]v/fdf ;'lw/ kf}8]nn] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf] Kofgn cGo ;d'xsf] t'ngfdf cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 .

dfn] lgs6 cg]/f:jljo"sf] /fi6«JofkL ljhosf] ;+s]tnfO{ xfn} s]lx SofDk;x?df ;DkGg lgjf{rg kl/0ffdn] klg :ki6 kfl/lbPsf] 5 . lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g] cGo kbflwsf/Lx?df ;x–;lrj ltnk|;fb g]kfn, ;b:ox? nIdL 9'+ufgf, ;/nf a'9fyf]sL / ljsf; zfxL /xg'ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L s]xL lbg cl3 l;4gfy ax'd'vL SofDk; dx]Gb|gu/df ePsf] lgjf{rgdf cg]/f:jljo"sf j}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o g/axfb'/ wfdL *(@ ef]6 NofO{ lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf] 5 . pxf"sf k|ltåGåL g]lj;+3sf pDd]bjf/n] #^@ / Pdfn] tyf qmflGtsf/L clvnsf] Kofgnn] @@@ dt kfPsf lyP . o;}u/L 8f]Nkfsf] ;/:jtL pRr dfljdf Zofdaxfb'/ /f]sfof g]lj;+3 tyf Pdfn] clvn / qmflGtsf/Lsf] ;+o'Qm KofgnnfO{ k/flht u/L lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf] 5 . wgs'6f k|fljlws SofDk;df eQm s6'jfnsf] Kofgn / b}n]v SofDk;df k'is/ zdf{ lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf] 5 . cfufdL !$ ut] ;DkGg x'g] lgjf{rgdf cg]/f:jljo"sf] tkm{af6 r'gfjL d}bfgdf k|lt:kwL{ ag]sf ;efklt tyf ;lrjsf pDd]bf/x?df cd[t ;fOG; SofDk;, 7d]ndf 6]08L z]kf{ / lbkHof]lt rGb, cf/=cf/= SofDk;df Zofd/fh /fO{ / yf]d; kLl8t, kz'klt ax'd'vLdf gj/fh e§/fO{ / tf/f axfb'/ /fO{, afg]Zj/ SofDk;df ;'>L gljgf nfdf / eLd sf]O/fnf, lqrGb| ax'd'vLdf ;'l:dtf 9sfn / dfj/ ;'g'jf/, g]kfn sdz{ SofDk; dLgejgdf ef]nf kf}8]n / pQd 9'+u]n, kf6g ;+o'Qm SofDk;df eLdk|sfz cf]nL / lbjz /fO{, k[YjLgf/fo0f SofDk; kf]v/fdf ;'lw/s'df/ kf}8\ofn / hLjgk|;fb cfrfo{, kf]v/f OlGhlgol/ªdf hLjz/0f ufos / jn/fd ltjf/L, :gftsf]Q/ SofDk; df]/Ëdf /fhs'df/ tfd|fsf/ / /fh]Gb| tfdfË, j'6jn ax'd'vL SofDk;df OlGb/f cof{n / k|sfz 9sfn, s}nfnL ax'd'vLdf l8hL kf08] / lai0f' rGb, dx]Gb|/Tg tfxfrndf /fdk|;fb l/dfn / k|sfz /fO{, ;/:jtL ax'd'vLdf zflns/fd s];L / tf/f/fh /]UdL, /f/f ax'd'vL hgsk'/df dgf]hs'df/ ofbj / Zofdlj8f/L /fo, dx]Gb| ljGb]Zj/L, /fhlj/fhdf rGb|sfGt ofbj / b'uf{gGb rf}w/L, dx]Gb| df]/Ë lj/f6gu/df kf?n IF]qL / of]u]Zj/ /fhe08f/L, lqe'jg ljZjljBfno sLlt{k'/df 1fg]Gb| lqkf7L / /fdk|;fb kf}8]n /xg'ePsf] 5 .

cg]/f:jljo"sf cGo ;efkltsf pDd]bjf/x?df g]kfn n SofDk;df xf]daxfb'/ bf]Ë, ;'v]{t lzIffdf 8Da/ sfsL{, dxf/fhu+h d]l8l;gdf sflzd zfx, dxf/fhuGh gl;{ªdf b'uf{ u'?Ë, jL/ gl;{Ëdf cr{gf a}+h", :ju{åf/L Ko"7fgdf l6sf/fd kf]v|]n, /dfOnf] SofDk; df]/Ëdf u0f]z ;'j]bL, ;'s'gf ax'd'vL df]/Ëdf cf]d 9sfn, pnf{jf/L df]/Ëdf l8NnL uf}td, a§f/ ax'd'vL g'jfsf]6df /fh' ;8f}nf, ;'?Ëf ax'd'vLdf ljqmd cf]nL /xg'ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L sf]6]Zj/ ax'd'vL SofDk;df ;efklt lbg]z v8\sf / ;lrj k'ik/fh v8\sf /xg'ePsf] 5 . dx]Gb| ax'd'vL afUn'Ëdf afa'nfn zfSo x'g'x'G5 .

To;}u/L eLdjnL ;lrj dx]Gb| ax'd'vL g]kfnu~h, kf6g OlGhlgol/Ëdf, pk;efklt k|lj0f sfo:y, nlntsnfdf jL/ axfb'/ lnDa' ;lrj, eQmk'/ ax'd'vLdf /fduf]kfn ru'7L pk;efklt, wgs'6f ax'd'vLdf gu]Gb| b]jfg pDd]bjf/ /xg'ePsf] 5 eg] ef]hk'/ SofDk;df z/0fs'df/ /fO{ ;efklt, z+s/b]j SofDk;df u0f]z e§/fO{ ;efkltsf] pDd]bjf/ /xg'ePsf] 5 . To:t} dx]Gb| ljGb]Zj/L ax'd'vL SofDk; /fhlj/fhdf ;efklt / ;lrjdf qmdzM rGb|sfGt ofbj / b'uf{gGb rf}w/L, hgcfbz{ SofDk; lj/]Gb|gu/ lrtjgdf cg]/f:jljo" / clnv qmflGtsf/L aLr ePsf] r'gfjL Pstfdf gj/fh ltldN;Lgf ;efklt kbsf pDd]bjf/ x'g'x'G5 .

g]kfnu~hsf] dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk; / emfkfsf] d]rL ax'd'vL SofDk;df eg] Pdfn] / dfn] clvn aLr r'gfjL tfnd]n ePsf] 5 . Plss[t Kofgnaf6 g]kfnu~h SofDk;df /Tgaxfb'/ vqL ;efklt / eLdaxfb'/ cf]nL ;lrj pDd]bjf/ ePsf 5g\ eg] d]rL SofDk;df ;'dg v/]n ;efklt / b]j]Gb| cfrfo{ ;lrjsf pDd]bjf/ 5g\ .

o;}u/L g]kfns} bf];|f] 7"nf] k|fOe]6 SofDk; dflgg] bds ax'd'vL SofDk;df rf/ clvnn] clvn -qmf=_sf ljgf]bdl0f e08f/Lsf] g]t[Tjdf ;+o'Qm KofgnnfO{ r'gfjdf v8f u/]sf 5g\ eg] ;f] Kofgnsf] k|lt:kwf{ g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3l;t x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 . o;}u/L sGsfO{ SofDk; ;'?ªufdf cg]/f:jljo"sf ljqmd cf]nLsf] g]t[Tjdf rf/ clvn larsf] lzv/tkm{ nfu]sf 5g\

sn+sLdf klqsf rf]/

sf7df8f}+ ÷ hgwf/0ff ;fKtflxs nufot ljleGg ;fKtflxs / b}lgs klqsfx? sn+sLdf rf]/L x'g] u/]sf] yfxf x'g cfPsf] 5 . /fhwfgL aflx/sf ljleGg lhNnfx?df laqmLsf nflu k7fOPsf klqsfx? sn+sLdf rf]/L ug]{ lu/f]xn] laxfg * ah] ;Dd klqsfsf] d"No ?=@.– / To;kl5 ?= ! df xf];]ndf a]Rg] u/]sf] ;d]t hfgsf/L x'g cfPsf] 5 . o;/L ?=! df a]lrPsf a;af6 rf]/L ePsf klqsfx? klqsf yf]s laqm]tfx? ;dIf ?=#=&%.– sf] b/n] lx;fa ldnfg u/L lkmtf{ ul/g] / yf]s ljqm]tf dfkm{t klqsfsf sfof{nox?df tL rf]/L ePsf klqsfx? ?= %.– sf] d"Nodf lkmtf{ x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L klqsfx?sf] 9'jfgL cJojl:yt ePsf] sf/0f kmfObf p7fO/x]sf klqsf rf]/x?nfO{ klqsfsf k|sfzsx?n] ljz]if lgu/fgL ug]{ / kqmfp u/L ;hfo lbnfpg] of]hgf to ePsf] a'lemPsf] 5

r6f}tsf] af6f]df gof" ko{6g dGqL

sf7df8f}+ ÷ zfxL g]kfn jfo' ;]jf lgudnfO{ 8'jfpg] csf]{ lg0f{odf x:tfIf/ ug{ ;":s[lt ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqL cf]dsf/ >]i7n] clGtd tof/L ul//x]sf 5g\ . dGqfno pRr ;'qx?sf cg';f/ lgudn] p8fg el//x]sf] o'/f]k ;]S6/s} nflu stf/ Po/nfO{ yk p8fg eg]{ cg'dlt lbP/ lgudsf ljdfgx?nfO{ l/Q} p8fpg] if8oGq pgLx?n] ul//x]sf 5g\ . np8f dGqL tfl/0fL bQ r6f}ts} sfo{sfndf xjfO{ dflkmofsf] Pp6f bnfn ;d'x gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0f / ko{6g dGqfnosf pRr kb:y e|i6 sd{rf/Lx?sf] of]hgf cg';f/ o"/f]k ;]S6/df g]kfnaf6 stf/ Po/nfO{ yk p8fg cg'dlt lbnfpg] e/ dUb'/ k|of; ul/Psf] lyof] . of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu stf/ Po/j]hn] ko{6g dGqfno ;dIf clxn] el//x]sf] p8fgsf] bf]Aa/ ;+Vofdf p8fg eg{ kfp" elg :jLs[ltsf nflu lgj]bg lbO;s]sf] 5 . clxn] stf/ Po/n] xKtfsf] g]kfnaf6 & lbg p8fgx? eb}{ cfPsf] 5 . /, ko{6g dGqfnoaf6 xKtfsf] c? & lbgsf] p8fg eg]{ cg'dlt lbP/ xKtfsf] !$ j6f p8fgx? k'¥ofpg] tof/L e}/x]sf] 5 . o; cl3sf ko{6g dGqL r6f}tn] g} stf/ Po/j]hnfO{ pQm cg''dlt lbg x:tfIf/ ug]{ lg0f{odf k'lu;s]sf lyP t/ np8f Po/g} casf] klxnf] k|fyldstf ag]sf] sf/0f pgn] Tof] lg0f{onfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ gkfp"b} dGqL kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbg afWo ePsf lyP . gof" ko{6g dGqLsf] lgo'lQm e};s]sf] cj:yfdf clxn] k'gM To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ pQm kmfOn dGqLsf] 6]a'ndf k'lu ;s]sf] 5 .

lgudsf ljdfgx?åf/f o"/f]k ;]S6/df el/Psf] p8fgdf klg ofq'x?sf] ;+Vof ;Gtf]ifhgs g/x]sf] s'/f :jo+ ljdfg p8fpg] kfOn6x?n] hfgsf/L u/fp"b} cfPsf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf g]kfnaf6 stf/ Po/nfO{ ;f]xL ;]S6/d} p8fg eg]{ gof" cg'dlt lbOPsf] v08df lgudsf ljdfgx?df ofqf ug]{ ofq'x?sf] ;+Vof ;'Godfg} emg]{ bfjL pgLx?sf] /x]sf] 5 . o:tf] kl/l:ylt ljBdfg x'"bf x'"b} stf/ Po/nfO{ yk p8fg eg]{ cg'dlt lbg'sf] tfTko{ lgudnfO{ w/fzfoL agfpg' eGbf csf]{ x'g ;Sb}g . t/ gof" ko{6g dGqL >]i7n] xjfO{ dflkmofx?sf] sldzgsf] k|nf]egdf k/]/ stf/ Po/nfO{ yk p8fgsf] cg'dlt lbg] tof/L eg] ul//x]sf 5g\ .

5fgljgsf] qmddf /x]sf] np8f Po/ k|s/0fdf s'g} e|i6frf/ gePsf] cfZro{hgs bfjL dGqL >]i7n] ug'{sf] /x:o klg of] 36gf;"u} pbf+luPsf] 5 . e|i6frf/df ;+nUg ePs} sf/0f /fhLgfdf lbg afWo k"j{ ko{6g dGqL r6f}tn] e|i6frf/ gu/]sf] bfjL u/]/ dGqL >]i7n] cfkm"nfO{ klg r6f}ts} af6f]df lx8fpg] :ki6 ;+s]t lbO;Sg' ePsf] 5 .

dlxnf sf/fuf/df of}g zf]if0f

sf7df8f}+ ÷ k|To]s @ jif{df pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ l;/s 8;gf / ^.^ dlxgfdf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ nufpg] sk8f ;dodf pknAw gu/fp"bf s]Gb|Lo dlxnf sf/fuf/sf aGbL dlxnfx?sf] cj:yf bogLo aGb} uPsf] 5 . sf/fuf/ ;'qx?sf cg';f/ k|To]s @ jif{df pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ l;/s 8;gf csf]{ ! jif{ ljTg nfUbf ;d]t h]n k|zf;gn] pknAw u/fPsf] 5}g . o;n] ubf{ h]nleq aGbL hLjg ljtfO/x]sf dlxnfx?nfO{ lgs} cK7]/f] kl//x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L hf8f] / udL{sf] df};d cg';f/ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ n'ufx? dWo] hf8f] df};ddf pknAw u/fOg' kg]{ n'ufx? hf8f] ;dfKt ePkl5 r}q dlxgfdf dfq} pknAw u/fOg] / udL{ df};dsf n'ufx? hf8f] z'? eO;s]kl5 d+l;/ dlxgfdf dfq} pknAw u/fOg] u/]sf] u'gf;f] aGbLx?n] JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . aGbLx?n] kfpg] lgoldt ;'ljwf ;d]t Jofks nfkjf{xL ul/Pkl5 dlxnf aGbLx?n] cfkm\gf] ;d:of h]n/ ;dIf /fv]sf lyP . t/ h]n/n] aGbLx?sf] Gofof]lrt dfu k|lt j]jf:tf ul//x]sf] cf/f]k pgLx?sf] /x]sf] 5 .

s]Gb|Lo dlxnf sf/fuf/df /x]sf sl/a (% hgf dlxnf aGbLx?dWo] * hgf dlxnf aGbLx? dfcf]jfbL ePsf] cf/f]kdf y'gfdf /flvPsf 5g\ / pgLx?nfO{ cfkmGtx?;"u 6]lnkmf]g ;Dks{ ug]{b]lv lnP/ kqklqsf k9\g] ;d]tsf] clwsf/af6 al~rt ul/Psf] 5 . b]zsf cGoq sf/fuf/x?df cf:yfsf aGbLx?k|lt c? aGbLx?sf] t'ngfdf /fd|f] Jojxf/ ug]{ ul/G5 t/ s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/df eg{] cf:yfsf aGbLx?k|lt ul/g] Jojxf/ o;sf] l7s pN6f] /x]sf] 5 . /fhwfgLdf cf:yfsf aGbLx?k|lt ul/g] o:tf] Jojxf/n] jf}l4s ju{nfO{ cfqmf]lzt agfPsf] 5 . To;sf ;fy–;fy} ;+ljwfgn] g} k|Tofe"t u/]sf] ;"rgfsf] xsnfO{ 7f8} pNn+3g u/]/ h]n k|zf;gn] kq–klqsf k9\g kfpg] clwsf/af6 ;d]t aGbLx?nfO{ al~rt u/]/ k+rfotL lg/+s'ztfsf] cjz]ifnfO{ k|:t't ul//x]sf] 5 .

sf/fuf/leq} ;xsf/Lsf] gfddf vf]lnPsf] k;nn] klg aGbLx?nfO{ yk zf]if0f ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . sf/fuf/ leqsf] slyt ;xsf/L k;ndf ahf/ d"No eGbf k|To]s ;fdfgdf Psb]lv % ?k}of;Dd al9 lng] ul/Psf] 5 . h]n k|;f;gn] aGbLx?nfO{ pknAw u/fpg] &)) u|fd rfdn / !% ?k}of k};faf6 pgLx?sf] b}lgs hLjg ;+rfng ug{ g;ls/x]sf] u'gf;f] klg pgLx?n] ul//x]sf 5g\ .

o;}aLr s]Gb|Lo dlxnf sf/fuf/leq ljleGg cleof]ux?df aGbL x'g cfPsf dlxnfx?dfly k|x/Lx?af6 of}g zf]if0f ul/b} cfPsf] ;dfrf/ klg hgwf/0ffnfO{ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ k|x/Lx?n] sltko aGbL dlxnfx?nfO{ k};f lbP/ g} klg of}g ;Dks{ /fVb} cfPsf 5g\ . ;'qsf cg';f/ k|x/Ln] cfkm';"u of}g /fVg] k|lt dlxnfnfO{ %) ?k}of lbg] u/]sf] atfOG5 . k|x/L;"u glhlsPsf o:tf dlxnfx?n] Psflt/ k};f ;d]t sdfO/x]sf 5g\ eg] csf]{lt/ k|x/Lx?sf] cf8df cGo l;wf ;fbf dlxnfx?dfly k|zf;g rnfpg] u5{g\ . k|x/Lsf] rfxgf adf]lhd of}g ;Dks{ ug{ gdfGg] dlxnfx?nfO{ k|x/Ln] s'6lk6 ug{] u/]sf] klg yfxf ePsf] 5 .