bz}+df dfcf]jfbLn] w]/}nfO{ lzsf/ agfpg], …o'4 lj/fdÚ eGb} xTof, ckx/0f, rGbf cft+s hf/L
bnx? ljb]zLx?sf] v]nf}gf, cGt/f{li6«o x:tIf]k tLa|, k|hftGq jb\gfd ePkl5 nf]stGqsf] gf/f
/fhf / bnx? t'?Gt} Ps} 7fpFdf gcfP g]kfnsf] eljio cGwsf/do Û
/fdk|;fb vgfn
sf7df8f} . …o'4 lj/fdÚ u/]sf] eGb} /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o If]qsf] cfFvfdf 5f/f] xfNb} dfcf]jfbLn] clxn] klg x/]s lbg h;f] ;of}+ dfq geP/ xhf/f}sf] ;ª\Vofdf ;d]t lzIfs, ljBfyL{, /fhgLlts sfo{stf{, ;fdflhs sfo{stf{ cflbsf] ckx/0f hf/L /fv]sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] dfgjflwsf/sf] xgg ug]{ c;ª\Vo sfo{ ul//x]sf 5g\ eg] xTofsf >[+vnfx? klg bf]xf]¥ofO{ /x]sf 5g\ . olt dfq xf]Og clxn] ufpF b]lv zx/;Dd dfcf]jfbLn] tf]s]/} rGbf dfUg] glbP sfjf{xL ug]{ wDsL lbg] sfo{ ul//x]sf] ;a}lt/af6 k|fKt ;dfrf/df pNn]v 5 . …o'4 lj/fdÚ eg]kl5 bz}+ ltxf/df dfG5] 3/ kmls{G5g ToxL a]nfsf] pkof]u u/]/ l;Wofpg], rGbf dfUg], ckx/0f ug]{ h] h] ug'{ kg]{ xf] ug]{ of]hgf dfcf]jfbLn] agfPsf] a'lemG5 To;sf/0f of] bz}+ ltxf/df w]/} hgf dfcf]jfbLsf] lzsf/ aGg] b]lvPsf]n] ;dod} ;r]t x'g'kg]{ cj:yf 5 .
otf /fhgLlts bnx?sf] cs{d0otf c? a9\b} uPsf] 5 . !#÷!$ jif{;Dd s'zf;g, cGofo, cTofrf/ e|i6frf/n] 8'Ë8'ËL uGxfPsf g]tfx? ca ljb]zLx? u'xf/]/, ljb]zL x:tIf]k u/fP/ /fhfnfO{ tn kfg]{ gfddf /fi6« / /fli6«otfnfO{g} r'gf}lt lbg] sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . ljb]zLx?nfO{ gfËf] 9Ën] x:tIf]k ug{ nufP/ g]tfx?n] cfkm\g} dft[e"dL lj?4 ck/fw ul//x]sf] b]Vbf nfU5–xfd|f bnx?, g]tfx? ;a} ljb]zL bnfnx? x'g, ljb]zLs} nflu afFR5g, gfFR5g, /fhgLlt u5{g, pgLx?df /fi6« / /fli6«otf k|lt slQ klg dfof 5}g .
ef/tLo g]tfx? g]kfn cfP/ gfËf] ?kdf k|:t't x'g', ljb]zL s'6gLlt1x?, /fhb"tx? cfkm\gf] s'6gLlts dof{bf gf3]/ k|:t't x'g', dfgjflwsf/, k|]; :jtGqtf, k|hftGqsf gfddf ljb]zLx? g]kfn lelqP/ bn / g]tfx?sf HjfFO{sf ?kdf ;Ddfg kfpg', /fhf / /fi6« lj?4 Ps kl5 csf]{ ub}{ if8oGq eO/xg', cft+ssf/Lx?sf] dgf]an a9fpg] / ;'/IffsdL{sf] dgf]an lu/fpg] sfd e}/xg'n] b]zsf] eljio c? cGwsf/do x'Fb} uPsf] b]lvG5 .
;Qf cfk'mn] kfP /fhf klg l7s, ;a} s'/f l7s, gkfP a]l7s eGg] lul/hf, dfwj dfq} xf]O{g ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfx?sf] lgotn] c? yk /fhgLlts cGof}n l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . !#÷!$ jif{;Dd k|hftGqsf gfddf cg]sf}+ ljs[lt / lj;+ult km}nfP/ k|hftGqsf] ab\gfd u/]sf g]tfx?n] clxn] k|hftGq eGg nfh dfg]/ nf]stGq eGg yfn]sf 5g\ o;}af6 klg pgLx?sf] lgot c? 5n{Ë x'G5 .
;+ljwfg d¥of]{, ;+ljwfg cg's'n ePg eGg] klg log}, 8f= lu/Ln] cf}+nf] 78\ofpgf;fy km]l/ of] t ;+;f/s} pTs[i7 ;+ljwfg eGg] klg log} of] s:tf] gf}6+sL xf] hgtfn] a'em\g} ;s]sf 5}gg\ .
cfh ef/t nufotsf ljb]zL zlQmx? g]kfnnfO{ emg sdhf]/ agfpg cg]sf}+ ltS8d ul//x]sf a]nf xfd|f bn / g]tfx? pgLx?sf] ef6, bnfn, dltof/ aGg' cem cfZro{sf] s'/f 5 . xfd|f bn / g]tfx?nfO{ k|of]u u/]/ pgLx?n] Ps kl5 csf]{ ub}{ if8oGq hf/L /fv]sf] s'/f lsg a'lemb}g < crDd 5 .
h;n] h] ;'s} eg] klg /fhf, bnx?, gful/s ;dfh Ps 7fpFdf gpFleO ;'v} 5}g, g t /fhf / dfcf]jfbL Ps x'g ;S5g, g t bn / dfcf]jfbL Ps x'g ;S5g . bn / dfcf]jfbLsf] ;xsfo{sf] s'/f b'O{ lbgsf] /fd5fofF dfq} xf], of] ;+ej 5}g / l6sfp klg x'Fb}g . To;sf/0f ca /fhf / bnx?n] ;+jfbsf] dfWodaf6 klxn] Ps 7fpFdf x'g] / To;kl5 dfcf]jfbLnfO{ PSNofpg' k5{, dfcf]jfbL klg g]kfnLg} x'g, pgLx?n] hlt;'s} af6f] la/fP klg pgLx?nfO{ jftf{s} dfWodaf6 /fhgLltsf] d'nwf/df Nofpg'k5{ . aGb'sn] ca ;dfwfg lgl:sg ufx|f] 5 / dfcf]jfbLn] klg aGb'ss} e/df ;Qf sAhf ug]{ nufotsf lbjf;kgf gb]v] x'g] ePsf] 5 Tof] s'/f pgLx?n] /fd|/L a'em\g' k5{ .
l9nf] gu/f}+, dft[e"dLnfO{ oxfF eGbf a9L g?jfFp, ;a} ldn]/ /fhf / bnx?nfO{ Ps 7fpFdf NofpF / To;kl5 dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;'/lIft cjt/0f u/fpg ;sf}+, of]ubfg lbpF xf]Og eg] dft[e"ldsf] ;/fk nfUg]5 xfdL ;a}nfO{ .
o;}aLr xfdLnfO{ k|fKt Ps csf]{ ;dfrf/cg';f/ dfcf]jfbLn] kfFry/ lhNnfsf ljleGg 5 ufpF ljsf; ;ldltaf6 cfOtaf/ laxfg tLg ;oeGbf a9L ;j{;fw/f0fnfO{ ckx/0f u/]sf 5g\ .
:yfgLo afl;Gbfsf cg';f/ km/skm/s ;d"xdf cfPsf dfcf]jfbLn] lzIfs, ljBfyL{ / ls;fg u/L k|To]s uflj;af6 %) hgfhlt ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ tfKn]h'ª lhNnfsf] c1ft :yntkm{ nu]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLn] lhNnfsf ef/kf, ;'efª, k~rdL, yk'{, of]ofª / gfuL uflj;af6 tL ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ Onfsf:t/Lo k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf ;xefuL u/fpg] eGb} hah{:tL nu]sf] k|ToIfbzL{n] atfP . dfcf]jfbLåf/f ckx[tx?df !& b]lv #% jif{ pd]/;d"xsf o'jf /x]sf] :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] atfP .
o;}u/L dfcf]jfbLn] ;b/d'sfd lkmlbdsf] kfFry/ ax'd'vL SofDk;, lkmlbd dflj / ;'vaf]w lgdflj hf]/;fn nufotsf ljleGg ljBfnodf sfo{/t ## hgfeGbf a9L lzIfssf] cfOtaf/ ;fFem ckx/0f u/]sf 5g\ .
o;/L ckx/0f ul/Psfx?df kfFry/ ax'd'vL SofDk;sf k|d'v u0f]z e08f/Lnufot P3f/hgf, lkmlbd dfljsf k|wfgfWofks k'ikk|;fb
e08f/Lnufot afx|hgf / ;'vaf]w lgdfljsf k|wfgfWofks uf]kfn 9'+ufgfnufot b;hgf 5g\ .
kfFry/sf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L uf]ljGbdl0f e't]{nn] u|fdL0f e]usf] afl;GbfnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] ckx/0f u/]sf] ;'g]sf] t/ ;b/d'sfdaf6} lzIfs ckx/0f ePsf] eGg]af/] hfgsf/L gcfPsf] atfpg'eof] .
otf lj/f6gu/l:yt dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] If]qLo sfof{non] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cf]vn9'+uf lhNnfsf ljleGg uflj;af6 ut ;ftf ckx[t Ps ;o kfFrhgf lzIfs / ljBfyL{nfO{ tTsfn d'Qm ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . cfof]uåf/f cfOtaf/ hf/L lj1lKtdf cf]vn9'+uf lhNnf j/e~Hofª Hofld/]af6 rf/hgf lzIfs, s'Gtfb]jL dfljaf6 !@ hgf lzIfs / @* ljBfyL{, s'Gg]dftf dflj a]tgLaf6 !@ lzIfs / !$ ljBfyL{, ;/:jtL dfljaf6 gf}hgf lzIfs / !% ljBfyL{, dgsfdgf k|flj 6f]sl;naf6 lzIfs / ljBfyL{ u/L !% hgfnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] ckx/0f u/]sf] pNn]v 5 .
lj1lKtdf pbok'/sf] cf]v/L uflj; @ sfd dbg >]i7, ef]hk'/ bnufpF uflj; ^ sf sf]if0f vjf;, ;~hLj sfsL{ / bnufpF–( sf k|jL0f sfsL{nfO{ klg cljnDa d'Qm ug{ cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 . lj1lKtdf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gsf] kfngf ug{;d]t cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 .
dxf/fhflw/fhsf] ;Gb]z o:tf] 5
kf]v/f . >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| aL/ laqmd zfxb]jaf6 cfhb]lv klZrdf~rn If]qsf] cgf}krfl/s e|d0f ul/aS;b}5 . df};"kmaf6 klZrdf~rnsf kf]v/f, afun'ª, j'6jn nufotsf ljleGg 7fpFx? / zlQmlk7x? ;jf/L x'g] sfo{qmd5 . >L % sf] bz{ge]6sf nflu klZrdf~rndf ;Dk"0f{ tof/Lx? k"/f ePsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . df};"kmx? kfFr lbgkl5 /fhwfgL lkmtL{ ;jf/L x'g] sfo{qmd5 .
o;}aLr >L % af6 c/a u0ftGq OlhK6sf /fi6«klt xf]:gL d'af/snfO{ xfn} Ps ;Gb]z k7fOaS;L ToxfF ;DkGg P]ltxfl;s /fi6«ktLo lgjf{rgdf pxfFn] k|fKt ug'{ePsf] pNn]vgLo ;kmntfk|lt v';L JoQm ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
df};"kmaf6 ;Gb]zdf OlhK6sf hgtfn] PskN6 km]l/ pxfFsf] ultzLn JolQmTj tyf b"/bzL{ g]t[Tjk|lt ulx/f] ljZjf; tyf cf:yf b]vfPsf] pNn]v ul/aS;Fb} df};'km :jo+, >L % sf] ;/sf/ tyf g]kfnL hgtfsf tkm{af6 >L d'af/snfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
>L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 ;Gb]zdf >L d'af/sn] OlhK6sf] /fi6«kltsf] pRrkbsf] sfo{ef/ k'gM ;kmntfk"j{s k"/f ug'{x'g]5 eGg] z'esfdgf JolQm ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
g]kfn clw/fHon] c/a u0ftGq OlhK6;Fusf] ;DaGwnfO{ pRr dxTj lbPsf] pNn]v ul/aS;Fb} df};'kmaf6 cfk;L lxtsf nflu ;DaGw tyf ;xof]usf If]qnfO{ lj:tf/ u/L o;nfO{ kmnbfoL ;xof]u / ;dembf/Lsf] gofF prfOdf k'¥ofpg k|ltj4 5f}+ x's'd ePsf] 5 .
>L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 ;Gb]zdf pxfFsf] JolQmut ;'v, ;':jf:Yosf ;fy} OlhK6sf d}qLk"0f{ hgtfsf] lg/Gt/ k|ult tyf ;d[l4sf] sfdgf klg ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
OlhK6df xf]:gL d'jf/sn] kfFrf}+ sfo{sfnsf nflu /fi6«klt kbsf] zky lnO{ sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' ePsf] 5 .
/fi6«klt xf]:gL d'jf/s tLgxKtf cl3 ;DkGg d'n's} klxnf] lgjf{rgaf6 ** k|ltzt eGbf a9L dt k|fK6 ul/ /fi6«kltdf r'lgg' ePsf] xf] .
ljkIfLx?n] lgjf{rgdf wfFwnL ePsf] cf/f]k nufPtfklg ToxfFsf] lgjf{rg cfof]un] ljkIfLx?sf] bfjL c;To ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 .
;ky u|x0f ;df/f]xdf lnljofsf g]tf df}d/ s2fkmL nufot ljleGg b]zdf /fhb'tx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
o;}u/L >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 hgjfbL u0ftGq rLg :yfkgf ePsf] jflif{sf]T;jsf cj;/df, rLgsf /fi6«klt x' lhGtfcf]nfO{ xfn} Ps jwfO ;Gb]z k7fOaS;L df};'km :jo+, >L % sf] ;/sf/ / g]kfnL hgtfsf tkm{af6 /fi6«kltsf] JolQmut ;':jf:Yo / ;'vsf ;fy} rLgsf hgtfsf] lg/Gt/ k|ult / ;d[l4sf] sfdgf ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
df};'kmaf6 ;Gb]zdf Pp6f lgs6td / d}lqk"0f{ l5d]sLsf] gftfn] ljZj ;d'bfodf rLgn] u/]sf] zflGtk"0f{ pGglt / :j;flzt If]q ltJjtdf ePsf] tLj| cfly{s ljsf; xfd|f nflu v'zLsf] s'/f ePsf] x's'd ePsf] 5 .
df};"kmjf6, ljZjf; / ;dem\bf/Lsf] cfwf/df g]kfn / rLgaLr xflb{s, d}lqk"0f{ / ;xof]ufTds ;DjGw /lx /x]sf]df v'zL JoQm ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
xfd|f ;DjGw ;dosf] s;Ldf plePsf] 5 x's'd x'+b} df};"kmjf6 ;Gb]zdf, of] ;DjGw ;do;Fu} cfk;L ;Gt'li6sf cfwf/df ljsf; x'Fb} uO/x]sf] pNnv] ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
g]kfn / rLgaLr yk km/flsnf] / ulx/f] ;xof]usf nflu y'k|} jf:tljs cj;/x? /x]sfdf cfk'm ljZj:t /x]sf] x's'd x'+b} df};"kmjf6, To;}jf6, b'O{ /fi6« / o;sf hgtfn] xfd|f cfk;L ;DjGwnfO{ cem prfOdf k'¥ofpg] ljZjf; JoQm ul/jS;]sf] 5 .
>L % dxf/fhflw/fhjf6 ;Gb]zdf, g]kfn / rLg jLrsf] cToGt lgs6td ;DjGw b'O{ /fi6«sf hgtfsf] cfwf/e"t lxtdf dfq l;ldt g/lx of] ;DjGwn] laZjsf] zflGt / :yfoLTjdf klg of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] x's'd ePsf] 5 .
o;} cj;/df, k//fi6« dGqL /d]zgfy kf08]n] Ps ;Gb]z dfk{mt rLgsf ljb]z dGqL ln emfcf] lemËnfO{ xflb{s jwfO{ 1fkg ug'{sf ;fy} pxfFsf] JolQmut ;' :jf:Yo / ;M'vsf] sfdgf ug'{ePsf] 5 .
k//fi6« dGqL kf08]n] ;Gb]zdf Pp6f lgs6td l5d]sL /fi6«sf] x}l;otn], rLgn] u/]sf] k|ult k|lt g]kfn cToGt v'zL /x]sf] atfpg' ePsf] 5 .
o;}u/L >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jaf6 u0ftGq sf]l/of :yfkgf lbj;sf pknIodf ToxfFsf /fi6«klt /f]x d'–Xo'gnfO{ xfn} Ps ;Gb]z k7fO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
df};'kmaf6 ;Gb]zdf /fi6«kltsf] JolQmut ;':jf:Yo / ;'vsf ;fy} u0ftGq sf]l/ofsf hgtfsf] lg/Gt/ k|ult / ;d[l4sf] sfdgf;d]t ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
;Gb]zdf df};'kmaf6 b'O{ b]zaLr /lxcfPsf] xflb{s Pj+ ldqjt\ ;DaGw cfufdL jif{x¿df cem ;'b[9 x'Fb} hfg] ljZjf; klg JoQm ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
o;}aLr >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jaf6 hd{g Pstf lbj;sf pknIodf ToxfFsf /fi6«klt 8f=xf]:6{ sf]xn/nfO{ xfn} Ps ;Gb]z k7fO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
df};'kmaf6 ;Gb]zdf /fi6«kltsf] JolQmut ;':jf:Yo / ;'vsf ;fy} hd{gLsf hgtfsf] lg/Gt/ k|ult / ;d[l4sf] sfdgf ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
;Gb]zdf df};'kmaf6 b'O{ b]zaLrsf] ldqjt\ ;DaGw cfufdL jif{x¿df cem ljs{l;t x'Fb} hfg] ljZjf; klg JoQm ul/aS;]sf] 5 .
z/brGb| zfx kmls{g'eof], ca===
sf7df8f} . ;"rgf k|ljlw pRr:t/Lo cfof]usf pkfWoIf Pj+ g]kfnL /fhgLltsf ck|ToIf lzif{ JolQmTj, k|v/ /fi6«jfbL lrGts z/brGb| zfx ;"rgf k|ljlw ;DalGw Ps cGt/f{li6«o j}7sdf ;xefuL agL cl:t :jb]z kmls{g'eof] .
:jLh/n}08sf] h]g]efdf cfof]lht pQm cGt/f{li6«o a}7sdf g]kfnsf tkm{af6 >L zfxn] /fVg' ePsf s'/fx?nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o hutn] cToGt uDeL/tfk"j{s lnPsf] atfOG5 . a}7snfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ >L zfxn] OG6/g]6 ;]jfnfO{ ljZjJofkL?kdf ;j{;'ne, e/kbf]{ / k|efjsf/L agfpg ;l/s tyf cNkljsl;t d'n'snfO{ ef}lts tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u pknAw u/fOg'kg]{ atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
;"rgf k|ljlw cGtu{t OG6/g]6 eg]{;DaGwL xfn} :jLh/n}08sf] h]g]efdf ;DkGg a}7snfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ pkfWoIf zfxn] ;"rgf k|ljlwsf sf/0f pTkGg ;fdflhs lje]b Go"gLs/0f ug{ cfjZos ;xof]u;lxt ul/a /fi6«nfO{ pRr k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ wf/0ff JoQm ug'{eof] . g]kfnL k|ltlglwd08nsf]
g]t[Tj ug'{ePsf >L zfxn] OG6/g]6df ;a}sf] kx'Fr sfod ug]{ Ifdtf clej[l4, ul/a /fi6«sf nflu ;'ky d'No, ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f k|lqmof / OG6/g]6 k|of]ustf{, k|fljlws Pj+ gLlt lgdf{0fstf{nfO{ tflnd k|bfg ug'{kg]{df hf]8 lbg'eof] .
pxfFn] ;"rgf k|ljlw;DaGwL pRr:t/Lo gLlt tyf sfo{qmdnfO{ kmnbfoL / pknlAwd'ns agfpg ljZjsf ;/sf/L, ;DalGwt Jojf;osf lghL If]q, gful/s ;dfh / cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx?sf] Jofks?kdf ;+nUgtf x'g'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . OG6/g]6 ueg]{G;sf] cGt/f{li6«o Joj:yfkg ax'kIfLo, kf/bzL{ / k|hftflGqs lx;fan] cuf8L a9\g'kg]{ wf/0ff pxfFn] JoQm ug'{eof] . OG6/g]6 Joj;fonfO{ ;j{;'ne agfO{ ul/aL lgjf/0fsf ;fy} ef]s /f]u;Fu n8\g] cf}hf/sf ?kdf ljsl;t ug'{kg]{ vfFrf] cf}NofpFb} pkfWoIf zfxn] ;"rgfdf cfwfl/t ;dfh lgdf{0fsf nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/;lxt g]kfnn] o; If]qnfO{ pRr k|fyldstf lbFb} cfPsf] atfpg'eof] .
z/b rGb| zfxn] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|s6 eP/, af]n]/ s]xL s'/f JoQm gu/] klg jxfF slx+ uPsf], kms]{sf] cfwf/df klg g]kfndf ljleGg /fhgLlts c8\snafhL x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . >L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/sf] klZrdf~rn e|d0fsf] k"j{ ;GWofdf :jb]z kmls{g' ePsf zfxsf] of] lkmlt{ cfudg kl5 ;+ejt bz} cuf8Lg}, geP bz} k5f8L oxfF /fhgLlts kl/jt{g x'G5 eg]/ /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?n] g} ljleGg /fhgLlts ul0flto lx;fa lstfa ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ .
kqsf/x?n] o:tf s'/fdf lsg Wofg lbb}gg\ xF <
sf7df8f} . ;~rf/ ;d"xsf] cfof]hgfdf lxhf] sf7df8f}df ;DkGg Ps sfo{qmddf jl/i7 kqsf/x?n] g]kfnL ;~rf/dfWodx?df / kqsfl/tf If]qdf b]lvPsf ljs[lt k|lt lrGtf JoQm ug'{eof] .
sfo{qmddf af]Nb} al/i7 kqsf/ Pj+ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf k"j{ ;efklt uf]s0f{b]j kf08]n] ;~rf/sf] If]qdf klxn] eGbf lgs} ljsf; ePsf] t/ ;~rf/ If]qdf ;+j]bgzLntf gb]lvPsf] atfpg'eof] .
kqsfl/tf If]q lhDd]jf/ x'g'k5{ eGb} >Lkf08]n] h'g lx;fadf clxn] kqsfl/tf If]q 5f8f ePsf]5 of] lrGtfsf] ljifo ePsf] atfpg'eof] .
jl/i7 kqsf/x? ;f]dgfy l3ld/], xl/ nD;fn, hLj/fd e08f/L / l8NnL/fd lgle{sn] ;~rf/ dfWodn] /fi6«, /fli6«otf, /fhd's'6 k|lt ;r]t /x]/ ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug'{k5{ eGg'eof] .
jxfFx?n] g]kfndf kqsfl/tfsf] jt{dfg cj:yf To;sf r'gf}ltx? / ;~rf/If]qn] cFufNg' kg]{ af6f]sf af/]df cf–cfkm\gf dGtJo JoQm ug'{eof] .
/fli6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ lgikIf ;fKtflxssf k|wfg ;Dkfbs /fdk|;fb vgfnn] …k|]; :jtGqtf rflxG5 t/ clxn] k|]; :jtGqtf xgg ePsf] eGg ldNb}g lsgsL hf] ;'s}n] h] ;'s} n]lv/x]sf 5g, oxfF ;+ljwfgn] lgif]w u/]sf s'/f, /fhfsf lj?4 klg n]Vg] sfd e}/x]sf] 5, k|]; :jtGqtfsf gfddf …5f8fkgÚ Nofpg' x'Fb}g, kqsf/x?n] dof{bf e'Ng gx'g], cfrf/;+lxtfsf] kfngf ug'{kg]{, /fi6«, /fli6«otf, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf lj?4 x'g] ul/ snd rnfpg gx'g]Ú atfpg'eof] . jxfFn] cft+ssf/L ultljlwnfO{ k|>o x'g] / ;'/IffsdL{sf] dgf]an lu/fpg] ;dfrf/ cfpg gx'g] klg atfpg'eof] . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sf7df8f} zfvfsf ;efklt o'j/fh ljb|f]xLn] k|]; sfplG;nsf] cGofok"0f{ klqsf juL{s/0f v]bhgs ePsf]n] cWoIf dfyj/ l;+ a:g]tn] /fhLgfdf lbg' kg]{, glbP cfk'mx?n] cfGbf]ng c? ;zQm kfg]{ r]tfjgL lbg'eof] .
;~rf/;d"x g]kfnsf cWoIf /fdxl/ rf}nfufO{+sf] ;efkltTjdf pQm sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
o;}aLr xfdLnfO{ k|fKt Ps csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/ k|]; sfplG;nn] cfGbf]ng/t kqsf/x?nfO{ jftf{df af]nfP klg lgot v/fa /fv]sf] sf/0f cfk'mx? c? uDeL/ ePsf] / cWoIfsf] /fhLgfdf gcfP;Dd / k'g{juL{s/0f geP;Dd cfGbf]ng hf/L /xg] s'/f ;+3if{ ;ldlt ;+of]hs ljb|f]xLn] atfpg'eof] .
k//fi6«dGqLsf] Go"of]s{ e|d0f o:tf] eof]
sf7df8f} . /fhfsf] Go"of]s{ e|d0f / ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] dxf;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ sfo{qmd :jb]zsf] ljsl;t /fhgLlts 36gfqmdsf] uDeL/tfnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ /2 ul/Pkl5 Go"of]s{ k'Ug'ePsf k//fi6«dGqL /d]zgfy kf08]n] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] dxf;efdf k|hftGq / cftª\sjfbsf ;DaGwdf g]kfnn] /fv]sf] c8fg ca g]kfnsf] dfq geO{ /fi6«;ª\3sf ;a} ;b:o /fi6«x¿sf] c8fg eO;s]sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
/fi6«;ª\3sf] ^)cf}F dxf;efdf efu lnO{ :jb]z kmls{g] qmddf lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yndf kqsf/x¿nfO{ k|ltlqmof lbFb} pxfFn] g]kfnsf tk{maf6 ;f] dxf;efdf /flvPsf] pQm k|:tfjnfO{ /fi6«;ª\3sf] ;x;|fAbL ;Dd]ngn] kfl/t ul/;s]sf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
ljZjdf zflGt sfod /fVg] l;nl;nfdf g]kfnn] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3nfO{ oy]i6 dfqfdf ;3fpFb} cfPsf] / g]kfnsf] of] pNn]vgLo of]ubfgnfO{ ljZj ;d'bfon] k|z+;f u/]sf] pxfFn] atfpg'eof] . g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgdf /fi6«;ª\3sf] ;+nUgtfaf/]sf] kqsf/x¿sf] lh1f;fdf dGqL kf08]n] eGg'eof]–
æh'g b]zn] ljZjzflGtdf of]ubfg lbg ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3nfO{ an k'¥ofO/fv]sf] 5, Tof] b]zn] cfkm\gf] af/]df cfkm}F ;f]Rg;S5 .Æ
dGqL kf08]n] ;f] dxf;efsf cj;/df e'6fgL z/0ffyL{ ;d:of ;dfwfgsf ljifodf e'6fgL k//fi6«dGqL;Fu Go'of]s{df b'O{k6s;Dd kmnbfoL jftf{ ePsf] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .
g]kfnsf] jt{dfg l:yltaf/] a'em\g xfn ef/tsf s]xL g]tfx¿ sf7df08f} cfPsf] ;DaGwdf /flvPsf] k|Zgdf dGqL kf08]n] cfkm" k/fO{nfO{ l/emfpg]] kIfdf g/x]sf] :ki6 ug'{eof] .
pxfFn] eGg'eof]– æh:tf];'s} cK7\of/f] / c;xh kl/l:yltdf klg g]kfnLn] cfkm\gf] ;d:of cfkm}F xn ub}{ cfPsf 5g\, clxn] klg lgsf;sf nflu g]kfnL hgtf cfkm} ;Ifd 5g\ . s;}n] lrGtf lng'kb}{g, cfkm\gf] lrGtf u/] x'G5 . c¿sf] lrGtf ug'{ cfjZos 5}g .Æ
/fHo tyf ;/sf/ k|d'vx¿sf] cfh;Ddsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] e]nf ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] pRr:t/Lo a}7sdf af]Nb} cfkm"n] >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] ax'bnLo k|hftGqk|lt k"0f{ / cufw cf:yf /x]sf] s'/f /fv]sf] pxfFn] pNn]v ug'{eof] .
lqe'jg ljdfg:yndf Ps lj1lKthf/L ub}{ pxfFn] w]/} ;dokl5 g]kfnsf] cfjfh ljZj;d'bfon] ;'g]/ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] lg0f{o b:tfj]hsf] cg'R5]b *! df cft+sjfb;DaGwL g]kfnsf] wf/0ffnfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] pxfFn] pNn]v ug'{eof] .
dGqL kf08]n] eGg'eof]– æk|hftGq / cft+sjfbh:tf ;}4flGts ljifox¿df g]kfnsf] wf/0ffnfO{ ljZj ;d'bfon] :jLsf/ u/]af6 o;;DaGwdf >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] a'l4dQfk"0f{ / ;Ifd g]t[Tjdf g]kfn clw/fHon] JoQm u/]sf] k|lta4tf jf ;~rfng u/]sf] ultljlw ;xL, pko'Qm / ;fdlos 5 eGg] s'/f :yflkt ePsf] 5 .Æ
>L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 df3 !( ut]sf] P]ltxfl;s zfxL 3f]if0ffdf ljZjsf /fi6«x¿dfem g]kfnsf] k|lti7f clej[l4 ug]{ ;lbR5f hfx]/ ul/aS;]sf] k|;+u pNn]v ub}{ pxfFn] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3df ePsf] pT;fxk|b ljsf;qmdn] cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfodf g]kfnsf] ;xL l:ylt k|:t't ug{ ;lsPsf] atfpg'eof] .
clt sd ljsl;t e"kl/j]li7t /fi6«sf ¿kdf ljZjJofkf/, ljsf; tyf ul/aL lgjf/0f / C0fdf]rgh:tf ljifodf g]kfnn] ljZj lgsfodf cfkm\gf wf/0ff /fv]sf] pxfFn] rrf{ ug'{eof] .
cfkm"n] ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf, rLg, ef/t, a+unfb]z, >Ln+sf, l;+ufk'/ / OlhK6sf ljb]zdGqLx¿;Fu pkof]uL s'/fsfgL u/]sf] pNn]v ub}{ k//fi6«dGqL kf08]n] g]kfnsf] s"6gLlts Oltxf;df klxnf]k6s g]kfnn] clk|msL tyf Nofl6g cd]l/sL b]zx¿;Fu ;DaGw la:tf/ ug]{tkm{ uDeL/ k|of; u/]sf] atfpg'eof] .
dGqL 9sfnsf] kl5Nnf] k|lta4tf
sf7df8f} . ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL 6+s 9sfnn] cl:t cfOtaf/sf lbg g]kfn 6]lnlehgdf sl/a %)÷^) hgf kqsf/x?;Fu e]6L jt{dfg kl/l:yltdf kqsf/x?n] v]Ng' kg]{ e"ldsf, ;~rf/ dGqfnosf] bfloTj nufotsf ljifodf ljrf/ ljdz{ ug'{eof] .
;f] cj;/df pkl:yt kqsf/x?n] dGqL 9sfnnfO{ ljleGg ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . ;'emfj kl5 dGqL 9sfnn] ca s'g} klg xfntdf /fi6«, /fli6«otf, /fhd's'6sf] ljkIfdf x'g] s'g} klg ultljlwnfO{ ;/sf/n] s8f lgu/fgL /fvL sfjf{xL ug]{ jrga4tf k|s6 ug'{eof] .
dGqL 9sfnn] eGg'eof] …xfdLn] ljutdf xb};Ddsf] nrstf ckgfPsf lyof}+, Tof] nrstfsf] kmfO{bf p7fOof] t/ ca ;/sf/n] unt sfo{ ug]{ hf] ;'s} xf]; s;}nfO{ 5f]8\g] 5}g / tkfO{x?n] lbPsf] ;'emfjsf cfwf/df xfdL cuf8L a9\g]5f}, /fi6«, /fli6«otf, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGq lj?4 x'g] s'g} lqmofsnfk xfdLnfO{ ;}x\o x'g]5}g, ;/sf/ ;w} w}o{ dfq eP/ a:g] 5}gÚ .
pQm e]63f6 tyf ljrf/ ljdz{ sfo{qmd cToGt ;f}xfb{k"0f{ jftfj/0fdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
o;cl3 ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL 6ª\s 9sfnn] df3 !( sf] zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 d'n'ssf] ;du| k|zf;lgs If]qn] hgtfnfO{ ;]jf ;'ljwf k'¥ofpg o'4:t/df sfdu/]sf] pNn]v ub}{ ;f] ultnfO{ /f]lsg lbg gx'g] atfpg' ePsf] 5 .
;~rf/ dGqL 9sfnn] xfn} cfof]lht ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno:t/Lo ljsf; ;d:of ;dfwfg ;ldltsf] a}7sdf eGg'eof]– æk~rjifL{o of]hgfsf]
nIonfO{ dfq ;dft]/ glxF8L yk k|ult ug{ ;a} dGqfno / ;f] cGtu{tsf ;a} ;+:yfg, ljefu, ;ldltnufotsf sfof{non] cNksfnLg, dWosfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg gLltcg'¿k b|'tultdf sfd ug{'k5{ .Æ
pxfFn] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{osf cfwf/df lj1fkgdf Psåf/ gLlt nfu' ePsf] k|;Ë pNn]v ub}{ To;nfO{ ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno / o; cGtu{tsf sfof{non] sfof{Gjogdf tTsfn n}hfg cfu|x ug'{eof] .
dGqL 9sfnn] s'g}klg /fi6«;]jsn] /fhgLlts bnsf] em08f af]s]/ ;8sdf 9'ª\ufd'9f ug{ gkfOg] rrf{ub}{ ;~rf/ dGqfno / ;f] cGtu{tsf s'g}klg sfof{nosf sd{rf/L /fhgLlts bnsf cfGbf]ngdf nfu]sf] ;"rgf kfOPdf tTsfn sf/afxL ug{ cfu|x ug'{ eof] .
s'g} klt bft[ ;+:yfn] ;xof]u lbg cfPdf dGqfnodf k"j{ hfgsf/L u/fpg tyf cftª\ssf/Lsf] cfqmd0faf6 eTs]sf ;~rf/ If]qsf ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0fsf nflu ljz]if sfo{qmd Nofpg hf]8 lbg'kg]{ dGqL 9sfnn] atfpg'eof] .
;f] cj;/df ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnoåf/f ;~rflnt ;~rf/ ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgf / b"/;~rf/ If]q ;'wf/ cfof]hgf, x'nfs ;'b[9Ls/0f / x'nfs rqmsf]if, ;'/If0f d'b|0f cfof]hgf, k|]; ;"rgf ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgf / k|]; sfplG;n ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgfsf ljljw ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] .
o;}u/L a}7sdf /]l8of] k|;f/0f k|0ffnLsf] ;'wf/ / ljsf;, g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf] k|;f/0f lj:tf/ cfof]hgf, /fli6«o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgf, rnlrq k|j4{g cfof]hgf, g]kfn 6]lnsdsf ljljw cfof]hgf, b"/ ;~rf/ If]q ;'wf/ cfof]hgf tyf uf]/vfkqsf ljljw kIfdf 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] .
pQm a}7sdf ;DalGwt ljefu, ;+:yfg tyf ;ldltsf k|d'vx¿n] k|ult k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
o;}aLr, ;f]xL cj;/df ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL 6ª\s 9sfnn] b"/ ;~rf/sf If]qdf nufgL ug{ O{hfht kfPsf :kfO; g]kfnnufotsf ;~rf/ sDkgLsf] ;~rfngdf b]lvPsf ;d:ofsf] hlt;Sbf] rfF8f] 6'Ëf] nufpg lgb]{zg lbg'ePsf] 5 .
o;}aLr >L % sf] ;/sf/, ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnon] ;/sf/L lj1fkgdf Psåf/ k|0ffnL;DaGwL gLlt, @)^@ sf] sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsf hf/L u/]sf] 5 .
;/sf/L lj1fkgdf Psåf/ k|0ffnL;DaGwL gLlt, @)^@ sf] ;/n sfof{Gjog ugf{sf ;fy} lj1fkg;DaGwL kf/blz{tf / Jojl:yt ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] ;f] lgb]{lzsf NofOPsf] dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 .
lgb]{lzsfdf ;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'vn] k|sfzg jf k|;f/0f ug'{kg]{ lj1fkg ;fdu|L / ;"rgfsf] gd'gf;lxt To:tf] ;"rgf jf lj1fkg k|sfzg÷k|;f/0f ug]{ ldlteGbf sDtLdf !% lbgcl3 g} ljt/0f ;ldltdf k7fpg'kg]{ tyf ;"rgf jf lj1fkgsf] 9fFrf, gd'gf jf ljifoj:t' tof/ ug]{ lhDd]af/L ;DalGwt lgsfok|d'vsf] g} x'g] Joj:yf 5 .
lj1fkg ljt/0f ;ldltdf cg'/f]w eO{ cfPsf lj1fkgx¿ ;/sf/L lj1fkgdf Psåf/ k|0ffnL;DaGwL gLlt, @)^@ sf ;t{sf] cwLgdf /xL lj1fkg ljt/0f ;ldltåf/f lgwf{l/t dfkb08sf cfwf/df cfd;~rf/sf dfWodx¿nfO{ ljt/0f ug]{ Joj:yf klg ;f] lgb]{lzsfdf ul/Psf] 5 .
lj1fkg ljt/0fsf nflu s]Gb|Lo / lhNnf lj1fkg ljt/0f ;ldltsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] / g]kfn clw/fHodf btf{ ePsf ;Dk"0f{ kqklqsf tyf ljB'tLo ;~rf/dfWodx¿sf] lj1fkg b/ /]6 s]Gb|Lo tyf lhNnf lj1fkg ljt/0f ;ldltn] k|fKt u/L cBfjlws u/fO/fVg'kg]{ lgb]{lzsfdf hgfOPsf] 5 .
kqsf/sf gfddf g6j/nfn slj/ /f0ffsf] csf]{ b':;fx; Û
sf7df8f} . eQmk'/] 7u, g6j/nfn eg]/ pgs} l5d]sLn] /flvbPsf] gfd xf] pgsf], pgL x'g slj/ /f0ff hf] b]zfGt/ ;fKtflxsdf ;Dkfbs 5g\ clxn] . cg}lts wGbf ;~rfng ug]{, k]6«f]n kDk / :s'nsf gfddf cj}w wGbf rnfpg], eQmk'/sf] afn'jfsf08sf gfos slj/ /f0ff kqsf/sf] e]if wf/0f u/]/ s] s] u5{g < pgsf l5d]sLnfO{ dfq geP/ ;fx|f eQmk'/]x?nfO{ yfxf 5 / pgsf Olt j[tfGt xfdLnfO{ klg k|fKt ePsf 5g\ t/ klg xfdLn] ;s];Dd kqsfl/tfsf] wd{, cfrf/;+lxtf kfng u/f}+, Ps kqsf/n] csf]{ kqsf/nfO{, Ps klqsfn] csf]{ klqsfnfO{ gn]vf}+ eg]/ xb};Dd cg'zf;g kfngf ub}{ ;+odtf ckgfO{ /x\of}+, ckgfO/x]sf 5f}+ t/ b'vsf] s'/f slj/ /f0ff g xf] . /f0ff gfd dfq xf] p jf:tjdf cj}w ;Gtfg xf] eG5g pgsf kfl/jfl/s hfgsf/x? . pgn] km]l/ t]>f] k6s b':;fx; u/]5g\ d]/f] lj?4 snd rnfP/ . pgsf Olt j[tfGt l;l/onx? Ps÷Ps ul/ lstfasf kfgf pN6fPem} pN6fpFb} u/f}+nf . oxfF eGbf klg cem ;Ldf gf3]5g\ eg] t/ cfhnfO{ k|;Ë lt/ nfuf}+ .
/fhf, ;]gf / k|x/Lsf] d'vkq …lgikIfÚ eGb} g6j/nfn slj/ /f0ffn] pgsf] klqsf b]zfGt/df …bf;Ú aGg ;"rgf lbP5g\ dnfO{ xfF;f] nfUof] x]bf{ . pgL h:tf] x}l;ot gePsf] d xf]Og a? pgL d]/f]df bf; aGg cfP eg] cfsif{s tna ;'ljwf / nfpg vfg lbpFnf, pgL ;'?Ss cfP x'G5 . /fdk|;fb vgfn zLk, Ifdtf, k|ltef ePsf] / /fd|f] h'g;'s} s'/fdf klg k|lt:kwf{ ug{ tof/ db{sf] lhpFbf] 5f]/f] xf] slj/x?nfO{ r]tgf eof .
@)%) ;fn h]7 !^ sf] g]kfn kqsf/ ;+3 ?kGb]xL zfvfsf] xjfnf lbb} pgn] k|sflzt u/]sf] ;dfrf/sf] ljifodf d}n] @)%) ;fn h]7 @) ut]g} ;k|df0f v08g u/]sf] lyPF . g6j/nfn slj/ /f0ffn] Toltv]/s} kq–klqsf x]?g, d}n] …tLtf ld7f cg'e"ltx?Ú gfds k':tsg} k|sfzg u/]/ lj:t[t ?kdf To; af/]df ;fj{hlgs k'i6\ofOF, hfgsf/L / v08g u/fO{;s]sf] 5' . Tof] s'/f lg/fwf/ xf] eg]/ tTsfnLg Pdfn]n] ;kmfO{lbPsf] dfq xf]Og ToxL v]b JoQm ug]{ ?kGb]xL zfvfn] ;d]t kl5 gfhjfkm x'Fb} sfjf{xL lkmtf{ lnO{ ;b:otf gljs/0f u/]sf] s'/f tTsfnLg ;efklt afns[i0f rfkfufO{FnfO{ ;f]w'g, c?nfO{ ;f]w'g xfd|f] r'gf}lt 5 . -o; af/]df ljutd} k|sflzt k':ts x]?g ToxfF lj:t[t ?kdf 5 o;af/]df ._
s0f{ axfb'/ sfsL{ / k+= afa'/fd e§/fO{ h:tf a'6jnsf x/]s kqsf/ / ul/vfg] sd{of]uLx?sf len]g kqsf/x?sf] pS;fx6df d]/f] k|ultaf6 OZof{n] v'q'Ss} d/]sf cGo s]xLn] d]/f] lj?4 Toltv]/ Tof] if8oGq u/]sf lyP t/ jf:tljstf ;fx|f j'6jnjf;LnfO{ 5n{Ë yfxf 5 / Toltv]/ a}7sdf pkl:yt cGo OdfGbf/ ;b:ox?nfO{ dfq} xf]Og a}7ssf] cWoIftf ug]{ afns[i0f rfkfufOF{x?nfO{ klg g6j/nfn slj/ /f0ffn] lxDdt 5 eg] a'e'mg\, k|ltlqmof lnpg\ .
d km]l/ v'Nnf r'gf}lt lb+b} eG5' …cfh;Dd s;}n] kqsfl/tfsf gfddf jf cGo s'g} gfddf wDSofPsf], ANofsd]n u/]sf], gfhfoh ?kdf cfly{s kmfObf p7fPsf], kmlh{ sfd u/]sf] jf s'g} g}lts jf cGo lsl;ds]f s'/f k|dfl0ft ul/lbG5 eg] d h] ug{ klg tof/ 5' .Ú
lj/f]wsf nflu lj/f]w ug]{x?, OZof{n] hn]/ dg]{ slj/ /f0ff h:tf g6j/nfnx?sf] k|fof]lht ;dfrf/n] d]/f] lhGbuLdf s'g} km/s gkg]{ bf]xf]¥ofpFb} k'/fgf jf;L / sfNklgs sfOt] s'/f hf] klxn]g} c;To ;fljt e};s]sf 5g\ lt s'/fnfO{ dfq xf]Og lxDdt 5 eg] s'g} Ps dfq s'/f k'i6L / k|dfl0ft ug{ d r'gf}lt lbG5' . rl/q xTof ug{ s;n] s] eG5, s;n] s] n]V5 Tof] eGbf klg k|dfl0ft ug{ ;Sg] dxfg x'G5 . To;sf/0f oyfy{ s'/f k|dfl0ft ug{ r'gf}lt lbb} slj/ /f0ff gfdsf] /Tgkfs{ b]lv eQmk'/ rNg] k'/fgf] yf]qf] ldgLa;sf] k"j{ vnfF;L, Anofsd]n/, @)$^ ;fnlt/sf] d'lvofnfO{ ca cfoGbf rl/q xTof gug{ r]tfjgL lbG5' / km]l/ eG5' slj/ ltd|f Ps÷Ps st{'{tsf kfgfx? pN6\ofpg' gk/f];\ . – /fdk|;fb vgfn
/fhfsf] zf;gsfndf klg ef/tLo bnfn dfyj/sf] /fh <Û
sf7df8f} . æef/tLo bnfn, /fi6«3ftL, cfO{dfO{ / /S;L eg]kl5 v'q'Ss} x'g], /f;;, uf]/vfkq hxfF a:of] ToxL+ cg]sf} e|i6frf/ sf08 dRrfPsf] vngfos, /fi6«, /fli6«otf, /fhd's'6sf k/x]bf/, Joj;flos kq–klqsfx?nfO{ juL{s/0fdf 3fF6L lgdf]7\g] ck/fwL, lj/f]wLx?nfO{ dnhn lbP/ /fhf, ;~rf/dGqL b]lv ;Djfb ;lrj ;DdnfO{ ljjfbdf d'5\g] s'r]i6f ug]{ if8oGqsf/L, 3f]/ cj;/jfbL, /fhfsf] zf;gsfndf ;d]t xsbf/x?nfO{ lsgf/f nufP/ k|]; sfplG;nsf] cWoIf aGg ;kmn / kqsfl/tf If]qd} vnan dRrfpg], ;8s cfGbf]ngdf pqg afWo kfg]{ vngfos dfyj/ l;+x a:g]t t'?Gt /fhLgfdf b]pÆ eGb} ;fx|f kqsf/x? clxn] cfGbf]lnt ePsf 5g\ . æk|]; sfplG;nsf cGo ;b:o dxf]box? Û olb ltdLx? ;Rrf, g}ltsjfg xf} eg] dfyj/ l;+ a:g]t h:tf] gfnossf] g]t[Tjdf ga;, /fhLgfdf b]p, ;a} ldn]/ km]l/ s'zn g]t[Tjsf] 5gf}6 u/f}+ clg ltdLx? klg uf}/jsf ;fy a:g ;S5f} .Æ eGb} x/]s kIfsf kqsf/x?n] cfu|x ;d]t u/]sf 5g\ .
o:tf] gfnfos JolQmnfO{ /fhfsf] zf;g sfndf klg lg/Gt/tf lbOg'n] ;d:t /fi6«jfbLx?sf] zL/ lgx'l/Psf] 5, To;sf/0f ;/sf/n] lognfO{ oft /fhLgfdf u/fcf]; of avf{:t ug{ ;sf]; .
;a} kqsf/sf] Pp6} :j/
dfyj/sf] /fhLgfdf / k'g{juL{s/0f x'g'k5{
sf7df8f} . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sf7df8f} zfvfn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf af]Ng] clwsf+z jl/i7 ;~rf/sdL{x?n] o:t} xf] eg] k|]; sfplG;nsf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt x'g] wf/0ff /fv] .
sfplG;nn] kqklqsfsf] juL{s/0fdf wfFwnL / dgk/L u/]sf] eGb} cfGbf]ngdf plqPsf zfvfx?n] cfGbf]ngsf] yk sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug{ j[xb e]nf af]nfOPsf] lyof] . e]nfdf af]Nb} dxf;+3sf k"j{ ;efklt ;'/]z cfrfo{n] sfplG;nsf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt ePsf] x'Fbf lju7g ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] . pxfFn] dxf;+3nfO{ ;'emfj lbb} eGg'eof] …ca tkfO{x? sfplG;nsf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt eof] eGb} ToxfFaf6 x6\g'; .Ú
csf{ jQmf dxf;+3sf dxf;lrj dx]Gb| lji6n] dxf;+3n] /fhgLlt ul//x]sf] 5 eGg] cf/f]ksf] k|ltjfb ub}{ eGg'eof] xfdL Joj;flos n8fO nl8/x]sf 5f} .
jl/i7 kqsf/ k'is/nfn >]i7n] zfvfx?sf] lj/f]w k|lt ;dy{g hgfpg' eof] . >]i7n] dxf;+3 ljutsf lbgx?df o:tf d'2fx?df lsg df}g /xof] < eGg] k|Zg ug'{eof] .
;Dkfbs k|sfzs dxf;+3 g]kfnsf cWoIf b]j]Gb| uf}tdn] Psåf/sf] gfddf e'm7sf] /fhgLlt eO/x]sf] bfjL ug'{eof] . ;fkm\df g]kfnsf cWoIf uf]kfn yklnofn] juL{s/0f lj?4sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;zQm agfpg' kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof]] .
:jtGq kqsf/ ;dfhsf cWoIf lhj/fd e08f/Ln] dxf;+3n] ljutsf lbgdf /fhgLlt u/]sfn] cfk'mx?n] lj/f]w u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] juL{s/0f lj?4sf] cfGbf]ngdf cfk'mx?sf] ;xof]u /xg] atfpg'eof] .
sf7df8f} zfvfsf ;efklt o'j/fh ljb|f]xLsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmddf pxfFn] sfplG;nn] jftf{sf lglDt cfk'mx?nfO{ af]nfPsf] t/ cleo'Qm;Fu jftf{ gug]{ 3f]if0ff ug'{eof] . ljb|f]xLn] sfplG;nsf] k'mnj8L;Fudfq} jftf{ x'g] atfpg'eof] . ;f] cj;/df sfplG;nsf ;b:o l8NnL/fd lgle{s, kqsf/x? k/z'l3ld/], b]j k|sfz lqkf7L, pk;efklt lzj ufpFn], eQmk'/ zfvfsf ;efklt ljsn >]i7n] klg k|]; sfplG;nsf] juL{s/0f / cGofosf] lj/f]w ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;a}sf] Pp6} dfu lyof], dfyj/ l;+ a:g]tn] /fhLgfdf lbg'k5{ . cGofok"0f{ juL{s/0f /2 ul/ k'gM juL{s/0f x'g'k5{ .
otf g]kfn l6=eL= df ePsf] /fi6«jfbL kqsf/x?sf] 5nkmn sfo{qmddf klg juL{s/0fsf] 3f]/ lj/f]w eof] / cWoIf a:g]tsf] /fhLgfdf dfluof] .
ul/aL :dfl/sf ljdf]rLt
sf7df8f} . wflbªdf ul/aL lgjf/0f / Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox?nfO{ lnP/ k|sfzLt ul/aL :dfl/sf gfd dfl;s klqsfsf] l/kf]6{;{ Sna g]kfnsf cWoIf Clif wdnfn] ljdf]rg ug'{eof] . jf;' l;njfnsf] ;DkfbsTjdf k|sfzLt ;f] klqsfsf] ljdf]rg ub}{ kqsf/ wdnfn] sf7df8f};Fu glhs /x]sf] lhNnf eP/ klg wfbLª ljsf;sf b[li6n] k5L kg'{ lj8Dagfk"0f{ ePsf] atfpFb} wflbªsf] ljsf;sf nflu ca lhNnfaf;L g} cu|;/ x'g'kg]{ cfu|x ug'{eof] .
ul/aL :dfl/sf dfl;ssf] k|sfzgn] wflbªdf ljsf;sf] kIfdf hg r]tgf hufpg] / ;Qf ;~rfnsx?sf] cfFvf vf]Ng] atfpFb} klqsfnfO{ lhNnfsf x/]s hgtfsf xftdf k'¥ofpg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . klqsfsf ;Dkfbs jf;' l;njfnn] k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgfkl5 klg d'n'sdf ul/aLsf] /]vf 36g g;s]sf] atfpFb} :dfl/sfsf] dfWodaf6 g]kfndf ul/aL pGd'ngdf ;xof]u k'Ug] atfpg'eof] .
ljleGg /fhg}lts bnsf g]tfx?sf] egfO{
sf7df8f} . ljleGg /fhg}lts bnsf g]tfx?n] d'n'sdf ljBdfg ;d:ofsf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgsf nflu lgjf{rg ug]{ / lgjf{rgdf efu lng] tkm{ ;a} bnsf] Pp6} wf/0ff / ;fd"lxs lg0f{o x'g'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg' ePsf] 5 .
;~rf/;d"x g]kfnåf/f xfn} sf7df8f}+df cfof]lht d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts lgsf;sf] nflu bnx?sf] e"ldsf ljifos ;fIfTsf/ sfo{qmddf pxfFx?n] g]kfnL hgtfsf] Psdfq rfxgf zflGtk"j{s afFRg kfpg] /x]sf]n] dfcf]jfbLsf] lx+;fTds tyf ;ftbnn] ;~rfng u/]sf] ;8s cfGbf]ngsf] kIfdf g]kfnL hgtf g/x]sf] k|i6 kfg'{ eof] .
sfo{qmddf /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf jl/i7 pkfWoIf kBd;'Gb/ nfjtLn] ljutsf lbgx?df /fi6« / hgtfsf] lxtsf kIfdf /fhg}lts bnx?af6 sfd x'g g;s]sf] atfpFb} obL bnx? /fi6« / hgtfk|lt ;fFlrSs} OdfGbf/ 5g\ eg] plgx?n] cfˆgf] e"dLsfnfO{ cem lhDd]jf/ / z;Qm agfpg'k5{ eGg'eof] .
/fi6«jfbL k|hftflGqs df]rf{sf cWoIf /fh]Zj/ b]jsf]6fn] /fli6«o ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;a} zlQmaLr /fli6«o ;dxlt / ;xsfo{ x'g'kg]{ pNn]v ub}{ /fi6«sf] lxt / ;Ddfgdf cf3ft k'Ug] sfdsf] lvnfkdf /fi6«jfbLx? PseP/ cl3 a9\g'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] .
sfo{qmddf hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsf pkfWoIf k/L yfkf, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf k"j{ sf]iffWoIf /fdafa' k|;fO{ / g]kfn ;dtf kf6L{ ;dfhjfbLsf cWoIf bofgGb yfkfn] d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts lgsf;sf] nflu bnx?n] v]Ng'kg]{ e"ldsfsf] af/]df rrf{ ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;~rf/ ;d"x g]kfnsf cWoIf /fdx/L rf}nfufOsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] lyof] .
ef/tLo g]tfx?sf] cfudgn] ;ftbnnfO{g} 3f6f
sf7df8f} . /fk|kf -/fi6«jfbL_ sf cWoIf /fh]Zj/ b]jsf]6fn] ef/tLox?sf] ;xof]un] ;ft bnsf] hf/L cfGbf]ngnfO{ yk ;+s6df kfg]{ atfpg'ePsf] 5 . ef/tLo g]tfx? g]kfn cfpg :jtGq ePtfklg g]kfnsf] :jfledfgnfO{ rf]6 k'¥ofpg] ePsf]n] o;sf] k|lt/f]w ug'{kg]{ atfpg'ePsf] 5 . /fhwfgLdf cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf g]tf b]jsf]6fn] Po/kf]6{df ef/tLo g]tfx?dfly ePsf] 9'+ufd'9fnfO{ plrt gePsf] pNn]v ub}{ eGg'eof] – ef/tLo g]tfx?sf] cfudgnfO{ :jfledfgL g]kfnLn] :jfut ug{ g;lsg] / o;n] pN6} ;ft bnsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ yk lzlyn agfPsf] 5 . ;ft bnsf] ;+;b k'g{:yfkgfsf] dfunfO{ ef/tLox?n] ;xof]u gu/]sfn] cfGbf]ngsf/Lx?nfO{ 7"nf] wSsf k'u]sf] 5 . o;n] ;ftbnleq} k'm6 / ljefhgsf] ljhf/f]k0f ;Fu} 7"nf] e'sDk hfg] ePsf] 5 .
sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sfFu|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 8f= /fdj/0f ofbjn] nf]stGqsf] kIfdf ePsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ P]Soa4tf hgfpg ef/tLo g]tfx? g]kfn cfpg' ePsf] k|i6 kfb}{ k|]; :jtGqtf, dfgjclwsf/ / k|hftGqsf nflu ePsf] g}lts ;dy{gnfO{ x:tIf]k dfGg gx'g] atfpg'eof] . g]kfnL sfFu|]; /fi6«, /fli6«otf, k|hftGq / ;dfhjfb k|lt k|lta4 5 . k|hftGq k'gj{xfnLsf] cfGbf]ngdf /x]sf] :d/0f ;xof]u ckl/xfo{ 5 . ef/tLo :jtGqtf cfGbf]ngdf klg g]kfnsf] ;xof]u / ;dy{g /x]sf] :d/0f u/fpFb} ofbjn] eGg'eof] – lg/+s'z zf;sn] k|hftGqsf] ;dy{gnfO{ klg x:tIf]k b]V5 .
pQm sfo{qmddf hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsf dxf;lrj gj/fh ;'j]bLn] ef/tLo g]tfx?af6 s'g} x:tIf]k gePsf] lhsL/ ub}{ x:tIf]ksf s'/fx? s]jn xNnfdfq} xf] eGg'eof] . pxfFsf] syg lyof]] –nf]stGq ;a}sf] ;femf ljifo ePsf]n] o;sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;a}sf] ;xof]u / ;dy{g lng ;lsG5 . /fli6«otf / g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] nflu ;ftbnn] sf]xL;Fu klg ;Demf}tf ub}{g .
rLgsf nflu k"j{ g]kfnL /fhb"t o'j/fh l;+x k|wfgn] x:tIf]k eof] of ePg eGg] ljZn]if0f g} :jfy{ cg's'n ePsf] atfpg'eof] . jxfFsf] ;'emfj lyof] –jt{dfg ;+s6sf] Psdfq lgsf; r'gfj ePsf]n] ;a}sf] Wofg Totf hfg'k5{ . ljb]zLx?n] g]kfndf s:tf] zf;g rflxG5 eg]/ af]Ng' rflxF ;f]em} x:tIf]k x'g] atfpg'eof] .
sfo{qmddf clwjQmf afns[i0f Gof}kfg]n] ef/tLo g]tfx? cfkm\gf] :jfy{ k'lt{sf nflu g]kfn cfPsf] eGb} cfkm\gf] :jfy{ k'lt{sf nflu g]kfnnfO{ alnsf] af]sf] agfpFb} cfPsf] atfpg'eof] . g]kfnsf /fhg}lts bnsf g]tfx?n] cfkm\gf] :jfy{ k'lt{{ ug{sf nflu ef/tLox?sf] bf;Tj :jLsf/ ug]{ u/]sf] :d/0f u/fpg'eof] . ef/t g]kfnsf] c;n ldq xf], p;n] g]kfndf k|hftGq / dfgjclwsf/sf] kIfdf cfjfh p7fpg'nfO{ x:tIf]k eGg ldNb}g sf]O/fnfn] eGg'eof] .
jfddf]rf{ g]kfnsf ;LkL d}gfnLn] g]kfnL /fhgLlt lgofNg cfPsf ef/tLo g]tfx?k|lt ;ft bnsf] b[li6sf]0f ;sf/fTds /x]sf] pNn]v ub}{ pgLx?;Fu cfk'mx?sf] /fhgLlts ax; rNg] t/ o;df ;/sf/n] z+sf ug'{sf] s'g} cf}lrTo g/x]sf] wf/0ff JoQm ug'{eof] .
hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsL g]t[ zlz >]i7n] s'g} klg b]zsf] ;xof]u g]kfnsf nflu ;w} :jfutof]Uo /x]sf] pNn]v ub}{ x:tIf]ksf/L gLltsf] eg] cfk'mx? lj/f]wL ePsf] k|i6\ofpg'eof] . k"0f{ k|hftGq / nf]stGqsf] kIfdf g}lts ;dy{g u/]sf JolQmx? g]kfn cfpFbf ;/sf/ cflQg'kg]{ s'g} sf/0f 5}g eGb} g]t[ >]i7n] d'n'sdf hf/L cfGbf]ngsf nflu bnx?n] s;}sf] xf/u'xf/ dfUg'kg]{ kl/l:ylt g/x]sf] 7f]s'jf ug'{eof] . ljb]zL x:tIf]k eO/x]sf] 5 . o;/L ljb]zLx?sf] ;dy{g vf]Hg] xf] eg] rflx+ cfGbf]ng klg ;kmn x'Fb}g . xfdLn] cfkm\g} andf cfGbf]ng ug'{k5{, ljb]zLsf] d'v tfSg] xf]Og . xfdLn] ef/tLox?nfO{ af]nfPsf xf]Ogf} pgLx? cfkm} cfPsf x'g\ g]t[ >]i7n] eGg'eof] . sfo{qmddf g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf dxfdGqL b]j]Gb| ld>n] ef/tLo g]tfx? /fhf jf kz'kltgfysf] bz{gsf nflu cfpg] k/Dk/f /x]sf] pNn]v ub}{ g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts dfdnfdf pgLx?sf] x:tIf]k c:jLsfo{ x'g] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ;ft bnn]g} ljb]zLx?nfO{ lgDTofO{/x]sf] cf/f]k ;d]t nufpg'eof] .
s'6gLlt1 8f= df]xg nf]xgLn] ef/tLo g]tfx? s'g dg;fon] cfPsf x'g\ cfk'mnfO{ yfxf gePsf] eGb} bnx?sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ pS;fpg] sfd pgLx?af6 eP /fd|f] gx'g] atfpg'eof] . olb o;f] x'G5 eg] of] ;fj{ef}d g]kfnLsf nflu :jLsfo{ x'g]5}g . ljb]zL x:tIf]ksf] ;a}n] lj/f]w ug'{k5{ pxfFn] eGg'eof] . sfo{qmddf csf{ s'6gLlt1 ljZj k|wfgn] cfkm\gf] #) jif]{ s'6gLlts cg'ejsf] k|;+u sf]6\ofpFb} k|hftGq / dfgjclwsf/sf] ljkIfdf s;}n] dt /fVg g;Sg] ljrf/ JoQm ug'{eof] . pxfFn] :ki6 zAbdf eGg'eof] –g]kfnsf] jt{dfg /fhgLlts kl/l:yltdfly vnn k'¥ofpg] sfd s'g} kIfaf6 eP Tof] g]kfn / g]kfnLsf nflu b'ef{Uok"0f{ x'g]5 . ljb]zL x:tIf]k h'g;'s} ?kdf cfP klg Tof] :jLsfo{ 5}g .
sfo{qmddf cWoIf wdnfn] cfk;L ;xdltsf] cfwf/df d'n'ssf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;a} zlQmx? Ps eP/ cl3 a9\g'kg]{df hf]8 lbg'eof] . pxfFn] g]kfnLx?n] cfkm\gf ;d:of cfkm} ;dfwfg ug'{k5{ eGb} zflGt / k|hftGqsf] kIfdf cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]u cfpF5 eg] To;nfO{ x:tIf]k eGg gldNg] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmd l/kf]6{;{ Sna g]kfnsf cWoIf Clif wdnfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf 7f8f] x:tIf]k
sf7df8f} . lg/+s'z ;fDojfbL Joj:yfsf kIfw/ ef/tLo sDo"lgi6 g]tf l;tf/fd of]r'/Lsf] g]t[Tjdf s]xL ef/tLo cGo bnsf g]tfx? s'6gLlts dof{bf, b'O{ b]zsf] ;DaGw, k~rlznsf l;4fGt / cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08 ljkl/t g]kfndf cfO{ ;ftbnsf g]tfx?nfO{ pS;fP/ / ;+j}wflgs /fh;+:yfnfO{ dfgdb{g ug]{ s'r]i6f ub]{, 7f8f] x:tIf]k ub}{ ef/t kmls{Psf 5g\ . ef/tLo g]tfx?sf] of] x:tIf]ksf] lgs} lj/f]w eof] g]kfndf . ef/tLo g]tfx?nfO{ g]kfn lemsfP/ /fi6«, /fli6«otf / /fhd's'6sf] ljkIfdf af]Ng nufpg] ;ft bnsf g]tfx?nfO{ clxn] cfkm\g} kf6L{leq klg / aflx/klg 7"nf] lj/f]w / cfnf]rgfsf] ;fdgf ug'{ kl//x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf ef/tLo g]tfx¿af6 x:tIf]k x'g nfu]sf] cf/f]k nufpFb} /fi6«jfbL o'jf ljBfyL{ ;d"xsf] kxndf :j:km"t{?kdf ef/tLo g]tfx? cfpFbf cfpFb} sf7df8f}+df lj/f]w k|bz{g ul/Psf] lyof] .
ef/tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf g]tf ;Ltf/fd o]r'/L;lxtsf] 6f]nL lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:ynsf] d"n k|j]zåf/ aflx/ lg:sgf;fy ToxfF e]nf ePsf ;of}+ o'jf k|bz{gsf/Ln] sfnf] emG8f, Aofg/ / Kn]sf8{ b]vfpFb} lj/f]w hgfPsf lyP .
j}b]lzs x:tIf]ksf lj?4sf] o'jf ljBfyL{ hgcfGbf]ng ;ldltåf/f ul/Psf] pQm lj/f]w k|bz{gdf s"6gLlts dof{bf ljkl/tsf] j}b]lzs x:tIf]k d'bf{jfb n]lvPsf] Aofg/;lxt j}b]lzs x:tIf]k aGb u/, ;fj{ef}d g]kfnL hgtf lhGbfjfb, xfdL g]kfnL Ps xf}F eGg]h:tf gf/f n]lvPsf Kn]sf8{x¿ k|bz{g ul/Psf] lyof] .
b'O{ 306f;Dd ePsf] pQm k|bz{gdf ljb]zL x:tIf]klj?4 gf/f nufOPsf lyP .
ToxfF :j:km"t{?kdf e]nf ePsf ;of}+ cfqmf]lzt k|bz{gsf/Ln] g]kfnL /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx¿ ef/tLo g]tfx¿sf] lk5nUu' ePsf] cf/f]k nufPsf lyP .
o;};Gbe{df d'n'ssf /fhgLlts Pj+ k|fl1s JolQmTjx¿n] s'g} klg afXo d'n's Pj+ ;d'bfoaf6 ;fj{ef}d ;Qf;DkGg /fi6« g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf x:tIf]k x'G5 eg] To;sf] 86]/ d'sflanf ug'{kg]{ wf/0ff JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
;~rf/ dfWod;Fusf] s'/fsfgLdf pxfFx¿n] k~rzLnsf] l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t s'g} klg /fi6«, ToxfFsf /fhgLlts bn tyf gful/s ;dfhn] csf]{ ;fj{ef}d /fi6«df 7f8f] x:tIf]k ug]{ k|oTg u5{g\ eg] To;sf] /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o:t/df lj/f]w / eT;gf{ ug'{kg]{ atfpg'eof] .
cfkm\g} cfGtl/s ultljlwsf sf/0f Oltxf;s} sfnv08df d'n's cx;h kl/l:yltaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] / ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgdf klg b[9 ljZjf;sf ;fy h'l6/x]sf] xfnsf] ;+j]bgzLn 38Ldf :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL sf]xL s;}n] s'g} klg axfgfdf kl/l:yltnfO{ w'ldn kfg{ vf]H5g\ eg] g]kfnL hgtf / Oltxf;n] ltgnfO{ sbfkL dfkmL lbg] 5}gg\ eGg'eof] .
g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg ljh'S5] l5d]sL /fi6«sf g]tfx? g]kfn cfpg' :jfefljs ePklg g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf x:tIf]k ug'{ gx'g] atfpg' eof] .
/fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ /fi6«afbLsf cWoIf /fh]Zj/ b]jsf]6f g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf s;}sf] x:tIf]k ;Xo gx'g] wf/0ff JoQm ug'{ eof] .
g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf dxfdGqL b]j]Gb| ld> :jtGq / ;fj{ef}d /fi6«sf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf s;}n] x:tIf]k ug'{ gx'g] atfpg' eof] .
g]kfnsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ g]kfnLx? cfkm}+ ;Ifd 5g\ eGb} g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf s;}sf] rf;f] /fVg gx'g] wf/0ff ljleGg /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf tyf s'6gLlt1x?n] JoQm ug'{ eof] . sf7df8f}+df cfof]lht Ps ;fIffTsf/ sfo{qmddf pxfFx?n] eGg'eof] g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf x:tIf]k ug]{ k|of; u/]df To;nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf dflysf] x:tIf]k ePsf] 7fGg] 5g\ .
g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf dxfdGqL b]j]Gb| ld>n] g]kfn / ef/t aLrsf] ;lbof}+ b]lvsf] d}qLk"0f{ ;DaGwdf 7]; k'Ug] sfo{ s;}n] klg ug{ gx'g] atfpg' eof] .
s'6gLlt1 df]xg k|;fb nf]xgLn] g]kfndf cfP/ g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ pS;fpg] h:tf Jojxf/ s;}af6 x'G5 eg] Tof] g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;}Xo gx'g] atfpg' eof] .
;f] cj;/df g]kfnL sf+u|]; k|hftflGqssf ;fu/ zdz]/ /f0ff, g]=s=kf= Pdfn]sf emngfy vgfn hgdf]rf{sL zlz >]i7, ;+o'Qm jfddf]rf{sf cWoIf ;L=kL= d}gfnL, / k"j{ /fhb"t ljZj k|wfgn] /fi6« / /fli6«otf k|lt ;a}kIf ;r]t x'g'kg]{df hf]8 lb+b} g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf rf] k'¥ofpg] sfd s;}af6 klg x'g gx'g] atfpg' eof] .
jl/i7 /fhgLlt1 Pj+ /fli6«o k|hf kl/ifb\sf cWoIf /fdxl/ zdf{n] :jR5 ljrf/n] s'g} klg ljb]zL g]kfn 3'Dg cfpF5g\ eg] To;nfO{ ljjfbsf] ljifo agfpg gx'g] pNn]v ub}{ t/ :jtGq /fi6« g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf s;}n] x:tIf]k ug]{ k|oTg u5{g\ eg] To;sf] 86]/ d'sflanf ug'{kg]{ wf/0ff JoQm ug'{eof] .
c;xh kl/l:yltsf ;fy hl6n kl/j]zdf /x]sf] g]kfnnfO{ arfpg ;Dk"0f{ /fi6«jfbL ;r]t x'g'kg]{ atfpFb} lhDd]jf/ /fhgLlts bnx¿n] klg o; lsl;dsf afXo rnv]nnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ gx'g] ljrf/ pxfFn] JoQm ug'{eof] .
lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf k"j{ pks'nklt k|f=zª\s//fh kf7sn] s]xL ljb]zL /fi6«sf] cgfjZos rnv]nsf sf/0f cfh d'n'ssf] /fli6«otf Pj+ ;fj{ef}d;Qfdfly g} k|ZglrGx nfu]sf] pNn]v ub}{ g]kfn dflysf] cfGtl/s x:tIf]knfO{ s'g} klg /fi6«jfbL Pj+ b]zeQm g]kfnLn] :jLsfg{ ;Sb}g eGg'eof] . lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf csf{ k"j{ pks'nklt dx]zs'df/ pkfWofon] s'g} klg /fi6« / ToxfFsf /fhgLlts bnn] csf{sf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf x:tIf]k ug{ vf]Hg' v]bhgs ljifo xf] eGg'eof] .
k|f=8f= df]xgk|;fb/ nf]xgLn] cfkm\gf] cg's'nsf s'/fx¿ g]kfndf of] jf Tof] x'g'k5{ eGg] clwsf/ s'g} klg ljb]zL /fi6« / ToxfFsf hgk|ltlglwnfO{ g/x]sf] rrf{ ub}{ g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf afXo x:tIf]ksf] k|of; x'G5 eg] ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bn / ;r]t gful/s ;dfhsf tkm{af6 lj/f]w x'g'kg]{df hf]8 lbg'eof] .
lq=lj=/fhgLltzf:q s]Gb|Lo ljefusf k|d'v k|f=df]xDdb xlaa'Nnfxn] ;fdfGo s"6gLlts dof{bf / ;fj{ef}d;Qf;DkGg :jtGq d'n'ssf] cl:tTjnfO{ Vofn u/]/dfq ;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf ultljlw ;~rfng ug'{kg]{df hf]8 lbg'eof] .
g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfdnfdf s;}n] klg x:tIf]k ug{ gx'g] / g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ g]kfn cfkm} ;Ifd ePsf] atfpg] qmddf k"j{dGqL sdn rf}nfufO{n] g]kfn ef/tjLr ljleGg ;d:of /x]klg lt ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ tkm{ nfUg'sf] ;§f pN6f] g]kfndf lju|x Nofpg ef/tLo g]tf nfUg gx'g] atfpg' eof] .
o;}u/L k"j{dGqL ledk|;fb uf}rgn] ef/tLo g]tfx?n] g]kfn cfP/ cfGtl/s dfdnfdf x:tIf]k ug]{ k|of; u/]sf] atfpg' eof] .
o;}u/L b]zsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf j}b]lzs x:tIf]k x'g glbg ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL Psh'6 x'g'kg]{df jl/i7 /fhgLlt1 Pj+d s"6gLlt1x?n] hf]8 lbg'ePsf] 5 .
kl/kSj /fhgLts bn tyf g]tfn] cfˆgf] b]zsf] /fhgLlt af/] cleJolQm lbg jfx\o d'n'ssf /fhgLltsdL{nfO{ cfdGq0f ug]{ kl/kf6L b'[Mvb ePsf] pxf+x?n] l6Kk0fL ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
;f]xLqmddf ;ft cu|0fL /fhgLlts bndWo]sf] Ps g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg ljh'S5]n] cfGbf]ngnfO ;dy{g hgfpg ef/tLo g]tfx? g]kfndf cfpg' ;fj{ef}d g]kfn dflysf] x:tIf]k x'g] atfpg' ePsf] 5 .
/fhwfgL b}lgs;Fusf] s'/fsfgLdf cWoIf lah'S5]n] g]kfnsf] cl:y/ /fhgLlts cj:yfsf] kmfObf p7fp+b} wldnf] kfgLdf df5f dfg]{ k|of; eO/x]sf]n] ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm ;r]t x'g'kg]{ atfpg' eof] .
;ft /fhgLlts bn / dfcf]jfbL aLr jftf{ ;DaGwL k|;Ëdf px+fn] jftf{sf] s'/f w]/} 6f9fsf] ljifo ePsf] / jftf{n] s'g} cy{ g/fVg] pNn]v ug'{eof] .
pxfFn] d'n'sn] u0ftGq y]Ug g;Sg] / ;+ljwfg;efn] emg ;Í6 lgDTofpg] cfzÍf klg JoQm ug'{eof] .
cfGtl/s dfldnfdf jfx\o x:tIf]ksf] s8f k|ltsf/ ub}{ g]kfn dhb'[/ ls;fg kf6L{sf cWoIf lah'S5]n] eGg'eof]–g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts ;d:of xfdL g]kfnLaLrsf] ;d:of xf] / o;df c?sf] x:tIf]k :jLsfo{ 5}g .
px+fn] e/tLo g]tfx? g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s /fhgLltdf k|ToIf ;+nUg x'G5g\ eg] ef/tsf] gS;nfO6 / sflZd/L k[ystfjfbL cfGbf]ngnfO{ c?n] ;dy{g hgfP s] x'G5 elg k|ltk|Zg ;d]t ug'{eof] .
pxfFn] rLg, So'af, ?;L dxf;+3, kls:tfg, a+funfb]z, sf]l/of, hfkfg nufotsf d'n's eg] kl5Nnf] /fhgLlts 36gfs|dnfO cfGtl/s dfldnf atfP/ g]kfnsf] /fli6«o lxtsf] kIfdf /x]sf klg rrf{ ug'{eof] .
o;}jLr jl/i7 /fhgLlts lrGts lb3{/fh k|;fO{+n] g]kfnsf ljleGg /fhlglts bnx?sf] cu'jfOdf ;+rflnt cfGbf]ngsf] ;dy{g hgfpg ef/tsf s]xL g]tfx? g]kfndf cfpg nfUg' cfkQLhgs ePsf] atfpg' ePsf] 5 .
/fhgLlts lrGts k|;fO{n] ef/tsf g]tfx? g]kfnL /fhgLlts bnx?sf] cfGbf]ngdf ;dy{g hgfpg cfpg' g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d ;Qf dfly 7f8f] x:tIf]]k xf] eGg'eof] . pxfFn] bnsf g]tfx?n] cfkm\gf] cs{d08otfnfO{ 9fs5f]k ug{ l;w} g]kfnsf] /fli6«otf / k|hftGqnfO{ ;dfKt kfg]{ of] eGbf 7"nf] csf]{ s'g} klg if8oGq x'g ;Sb}g eGg' ePsf] lyof] .
o;};Gbe{df g]kfn ;dtf kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 rflnaS;]sf] sbdnfO{ d'n'ssf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu lnOPsf] sbdsf] ?kdf :jLsf/ ug{ /fhgLlts bnx¿ tof/ x'g'kg]{ atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
>L k'gn] ;d;fdlos /fhgLlts ;Gbe{df k|ltlqmof lbFb} df};'kmaf6 rflnaS;]sf] sbdnfO{ d'n's ;ª\s6df k/]sf] ;dodf df};'kmaf6 clwsf/ vf]:g nfu]sf] cyjf k|hftGq df:g nfu]sf] cy{df lng gx'g] :ki6 kfg'{eof] .
;Ddflgt /fh;+:yfk|lt /fhgLlts bnx¿n] ;8sdf cgu{n gf/f nufPsf] rrf{ ub}{ >L k'gn] csf{sf] JolQmut ;Ddfg / k|lti7fdfly k|xf/ u/]/ /fhgLlts bnx¿n] k|hftflGqs cfr/0f k|bz{g ug{ g;s]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof], æk|hftGq eg]/ h;nfO{ h] dg nfUof] ToxL ug]{ clwsf/ s;}nfO{ 5}g .Æ pxfFn] /fhgLlts bnx¿n] ult/f]w cGTosf nflu eg]/ ;~rfng ul//x]sf] cfGbf]ngdf hgtfsf] rf;f] / ;dy{g gb]lvPsf] pNn]v ub}{ jt{dfg ;dodf hgtfsf] efjgf bnx¿n] a'em\g g;s]sf] wf/0ff /fVg'eof] .
kqsf/ h;'bf k|wfgn] d'n'sleq eO/xg] ;fdfGo /fhgLlts 36gfqmdnfO{ lnP/ g]kfnL /fhgLlts bnx¿n] ef/tLo g]tfx¿nfO{ g]kfndf af]nfpg' cg'ko'Qm /x]sf] ljrf/ /fVg'eof] .
o;}aLr, g]kfn g];gln:6 k|mG6n] xfn} Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt u/L slyt cfGbf]ngdf ;dy{g hgfpg ef/tLo g]tfx¿nfO{ af]nfpg] sfo{sf] k|mG6 3f]/ lgGbf / eT;{gf ub{5 elgPsf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf k/fO{nfO{ lgDTofP/ cfkm\gf] clwsf/ csf{nfO{ ;'Dkg' lgGbgLo / v]bhgs ePsf] klg lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 .
;+rf/ ;d"x4f/f xfn} sf7df8f}+df cfof]lht Ps csf]{ sfo{qmddf /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf ;xfos dxfdGqL w'|jjxfb'/ k|wfgn] g]kfnLsf] eljiosf] lrGtf / ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg g]kfnLn] g} ug'{kg]{df hf]8 lbg'eof] .
s'6gLlt1x? k|fWofks o'j/fh l;+x k|wfg / 8f=df]xgk|;fb nf]xgLn] b]zsf] cfGtl/s ;d:ofsf] cfGtl/s zlQmx?n] g} ;dfwfg ug'{kg]{df s]xL bnx?n] jf]nfP/ ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg vf]Hg' lrGtfsf] ljifo ePsf] jtfpg' eof] .
pxfFx?n],l5d]sL /fi6«x?jf6 Toxf+sf g]tfx? g]kfn cfpg' :jfefljs ePklg d'n's c;xh kl/l:yltdf /x]sf] j]nf cfGbf]ngsf] ;dy{g ug{ g]kfndf cfpg'nfO{ :jfefljs dfGg g;lsg] atfpg' eof] .
k"j{ ;xfos dGqL /ljGb| vgfn / kqsf/ o'j/fh uf}tdn] cfGbf]n c;kmn x'+b} uPkl5 bnx?n] ljb]zL u'xfg{ nfu]]sf] pNn]v ub}{ oyfy{df k|hftGqsf] /Iff / ;'b[9Ls/0fsf] kIfdf bnx? g} /x]sf] jtfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sf+u|]; k|hftflGqssf 8f=k|sfzz/0f dxt / g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ cfgGbb]jLsf clgn ld>n] /fli6«otfsf] /Iff ug]{ bfloTj g]kfnLx?s} ePsf] jtfpg' eof] . k"j{ /fhb"t lvn]Gb|k|;fb kf08]n] ef/tLo g]tfx¿nfO{ xfdLn] ko{6ssf ¿kdf :jfut ug'{kg{ t/ pxfFx¿nfO{ /fhgLlts ultljlwdf efu lng lbg' gx'g] atfpg' eof] . >L kf08]n] eGg' eof] æxfd|f] :jtGqtf / :jfledfgdf cfFr cfpg] sfo{ sxLF st}af6 x'g'x'Fb}g / ePdf To;sf] 86]/ k|ltsf/ ug'{k5{Æ .
g]kfn ljZj ;DaGw kl/ifb\sf cWoIf k|bLk v8\sfn] l5d]sL d'n'ssf /fhgLlt1sf gftfn] g]kfnaf/] rf;f] / lrGtf JoQm ug'{ :jfefljs eP klg /fhgLltdf xft xfNg vf]Hg' rflxF c:jfefljs ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ lxt rfxg]n] csf{sf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf rf;f] lnFb}gg\ eGg'eof] . k|f= 8f= ZofdsfGt l;njfnn] csf{sf] ul/dfdf cfFr k'Ug] sfd olb ljb]zLx¿n] ug{ vf]h]sf x'g\ eg] To;nfO{ xfdLn] h'6]/ hjfkm lbg'kg]{ atfpg' eof] . csf{sf] cfGtl/s ljifodf x:tIf]k ug{ vf]Hg]x¿sf] hlt lgGbf u/]klg sd x'G5 eGb} pxfFn] d'n'ssf] kl/l:ylt ljb]zLnfO{ u'xfg]{ lsl;dsf] gePsf] atfpg'eof] .
d'Vo ;dfrf/ 
