?“b}5g\ d'08g ub}{5g

gof“ ;8s / To;sf] 5]j}df /x]sf] lvrfkf]v/L . oL b'j} 7fp“df /fhf/fgLsf] kmf]6f];lxtsf] cUnf] d~r / To;jl/kl/ an]sf] lbof]n] n]lvPsf] 5— xflb{s >4f~hln . To;sf jl/kl/ bh{gf}+ xhfdx? 5'/f lnP/ k'?ifx?sf] s]z d'08g ub}{5g\ / s]z;“u} cf“;' r'lx+b}5g\– tk\tk\ . /fhkl/jf/leq ePsf] eLif0f xTofsf08kl5 zx/sf ;}n'gx?df crfgs eL8 a9]sf] b]v]kl5 lvrfkf]v/L o'y Snan] jl/kl/sf xhfdx?nfO{ k;n aGb ug{ nufP/ lgMz'Ns s]z d'08g sfo{ u/fpg yfn]sf] lyof] . To;}sf] b]vfl;sLdf @@ ut] a]n'sf;Dd rf]s–rf]sdf o; lsl;dsf lgMz'Ns s]z d'08g sfo{ k|f/De ePsf] lyof] .

…d ;/sf/L sd{rf/L xf]Og, dnfO{ s;}n] klg s]z d'08g ug{ nufPsf] klg xf]Og . dnfO{ s;}sf] d[To'df h'7f] afg'{k5{ h:tf] klg nfu]sf] lyPg .Ú aLaLP; t];|f] jif{df cWoog/t gL/h/fh sl0f{sf/n] eg], …t/ of] 36gfdf d}n] kfgLdfq} vfPsf] 5' / oxf“ cfP/ s]z d'08g ub}{5' .Ú pgL cfkm\gf] em/]sf] skfn;“u} cfkm\gf] cf“;' klg r'xfp“b} lyP . pgsf] s]z d'08g ;lsPkl5 leh]sf] skfn lnP/ d'08gsf nflu k+lQma4 /fd/fh ;'jfnn] eg], …dnfO{ cf}8fxf ePsf] 5 . d slxNo} g?g] dfG5] t/ dnfO{ ?g dg nfu]sf] 5 .Ú

nuftf/ tLg lbg;Dd dflg;x?sf] s]z d'08g u/]/ yfls;s]sf xhfd /Tg/fh 7fs'/ eG5g\, …klxn] t d]/f] ;}n'gdf dflg;x?sf] eL8 nfu]sf] lyof] / /fd|f] cfDbfgL xf]nf eg]/ v';L ePsf] lyp“ . t/ kl5 dnfO{ klg k};f lng dg nfUg 5f]8\of] .Ú pgn] cfkm\g} xftn] b'O{ ;oeGbf a9Lsf] s]z d'08g ul/;s]sf] klg atfP .

zx/df crfgs k;n aGb ePkl5 ;}n'gx?df /x]sf] An]8 ;dfKt ePsf] lyof] . @) ut] a]n'sf s]xL o'jfx? ldn]/ ls/fgf k;n vf]Ng nufP/ An]8 lslglbPsf lyP . …t/ clxn] xfdL;“u ePsf] An]8 ;lsPsf] 5, jl/kl/sf k;ndf An]8 g} kfO"b}g .Ú lvrfkf]v/L o'y Snasf cWoIf eG5g\, …xfdLsxf“ kf“r ;oeGbf a9L JolQmn] d'08g ul/;s]sf 5g\, An]8 ;lsP klg dflg;x? k+lQma4 eP/ al;/x]sf 5g\ .Ú

An]8 gkfpg] ;d:of lvrfkf]v/L o'y Snasf] dfq} geP/ /~hgf uNnLsf] klg lyof] . /~hgf uNnLsf aL; jifL{o ;'/]Gb| dxh{g eG5g\, …xfdLdWo] Ps hgfsf] 8\o'6L g} k;n–k;ndf uP/ An]8 vf]Hg' xf] .Ú sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf dfq} Ps nfvhlt ;j{;fwf/0fn] s]z d'08g u/]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

;/sf/n] ;/sf/L sd{rf/L -k|x/L / ;]gf;d]t_ nfO{ s]z d'08g ug{ ;/sf/L ;~rf/dfWodaf6 @) ut] a]n'sf ;"rgf hf/L u/] klg Tof]eGbf cufl8 g} s]xL o'jfx?n] s]z d'08g u/]sf] b]lvGYof] . @! / @@ ut];Dd zx/df lx+8\g] clwsf+z o'jf / cwa}+;]x?n] s]z d'08g ul/;s]sf lyP . /fhf/fgLsf] cd/tf / xTof/fnfO{ kmf“;Lsf] gf/f nufpg]x?df s]z d'08g ug]{x? g} clwsf+z b]lvGy] . s]z d'08g ug]{x?dWo] clwsf+z JolQmx? ;f]x| jif{b]lv rfnL; jif{sf h:tf b]lvGy] .

skfn d'08g ug{ xhfdx?n] gEofPkl5 s]xL dlxnfn] klg lgMz'Ns d'08g sfo{ ul/lbPsf lyP . eQmk'/sf] vf}df 6f]ndf tLg hgf dlxnfn] d'08g sfo{ u/]sf lyP eg] sf7df8f}+sf] lvrfkf]v/Ldf Ps hgf dlxnfn] lgMz'Ns d'08g ul/lbPsL lyOg\ . d'08g ug{]dWo] af}4wdL{x?n] 6'kL klg sf6]sf lyP eg] lxGb"x?n] 6'kL /fv]sf lyP . hgsk'/, jL/uGh / lj/f6gu/h:tf ;LdfIF]qsf zx/x?df ef/taf6 xhfdx? skfn d'08gsf nflu af]nfOPsf lyP .

>L % x¿sf] cGTo]li6

sf7df8f}+, :ju{jf;L >L % dxf/fhflw/fh jL/]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jsf] zlgaf/ kz'klt cfo{3f6df k"0f{ /fhsLo ;Ddfgsf;fy j}lbs ljlwk"j{s cGTo]li6 ul/of] . df};'kmsf] kfly{j z/L/df ;fx]aHo" bLks ljqmd zfxn] /flt gf} ah]/ ;TrfnL; ldg]6df bfuaQL lbg'ePsf] lyof] . bfuaQL lbg'cl3 df};'kmsf] kfly{j z/L/nfO{ >Lv08åf/f agfOPsf] lrtfd08kdf tLg k6s kl/qmdf u/fOPsf] lyof] . lrtfd08k kl/qmdf u/fO{ lrtfdf cf/f]x0f u/fO"bf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;Ddfguf/tn] zfxL ;nfdL r9fPsf] lyof] .

To;kl5 tLg k6s elnkmfP/ ug'{sf ;fy} lau'n ahfOPsf] lyof] . cGTo]li6sf qmddf Ps Ps ldg]6sf] km/s u/L df};'kmsf] pd]/cg';f/ 5kGg tf]ksf] ;nfdL r9fOPsf] lyof] . bfx;+:sf/ x'g'cl3 /fHo ;xfos >L % clw/fhs'df/ 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfx, k|wfgdGqL, k|wfgGofofwLz, ;efd'v, /fli6«o;efsf cWoIf, /fhkl/ifb\ :yfoL ;ldltsf ;efklt, dlGqu0f, hËL tyf lghfdtLtkm{sf pRrkbflwsf/Lx?af6 df};'kmsf] clGtd bz{g ul/Psf] lyof] . df};'kmsf] clGtd bz{g ug{ cfo{3f6 j/k/ ckf/ hg;d'bfo zf]sfs'n cj:yfdf Pslqt ePsf lyP . pgLx?n] æxfd|f] /fhf xfd|f] b]z k|f0feGbf Kof/f] 5Æ æ>L % jL/]Gb| cd/ /x"g\Æ h:tf gf/f nufPsf lyP . o;}u/L :ju{jf;L >L % a8fdxf/fgL P]Zjo{ /fHonIdL b]jL zfxsf] klg zlgaf/}} kz'klt cfo{3f6df k"0f{ /fhsLo ;Ddfgsf ;fy j}lbs ljlwk"j{s cGTo]li6 ul/of] . ;fy} :juL{o >L % clw/fhs'df/ gL/fhg jL/ljqmd zfxsf] klg zlgaf/ g} cfo{3f6df cGTo]li6 ul/of] .

o;}u/L :juL{o >L % clw/fhs'df/L >'lt /fHonIdLb]jL /f0ffsf] klg kz'klt cfo{3f6df tyf :juL{o >L % zfxHofbL hoGtL /fHonIdL b]jL zfxsf] e:d]Zj/ 3f6df ut zlgaf/ bfx;+:sf/ ul/of] . df};'kmx?sf] kfly{j z/L/df a|fx\d0fx?n] bfuaQL lbPsf lyP . bfx;+:sf/sf nflu cfo{3f6sf] pQ/tkm{ :ju{jf;L >L % dxf/fhflw/fh, aLrdf :ju{jf;L >L % a8fdxf/fgL / blIf0ftkm{ :juL{o >L % clw/fhs'df/ gL/fhgsf] lrtfd08ksf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] .

o;cl3 5fpgLl:yt jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfndf /flvPsf] df};'kmx?sf] zjdf /fHo;xfos >L % clw/fhs'df/ 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxaf6 k'iku'R5f ck{0f u/L efjk"0f{ >4f~hln r9fOalS;Psf] lyof] . df};'kmx?df /fhkl/jf/sf ;b:ox? tyf zfxL gft]bf/x?af6 klg >4f~hln ck{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . df};'kmx?sf] kfly{j z/L/df k|wfgdGqL, k|wfgGofofwLz, ;efd'v, /fli6«o;efsf cWoIf, /fhkl/ifb\ :yfoL ;ldltsf ;efklt, k|d'v k|ltkIfL bnsf g]tf, pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqLu0f, k"j{ k|wfgdGqLx?, ;+j}wflgs c+usf k|d'vx? / ;f+;bx?n] klg k'iku'R5f ck{0f u/L >4f~hln lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

To;}u/L ljleGg /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?, /fhkl/ifb\sf ;b:ox?, /fhk|f;fb ;]jfsf pRr kb:y sd{rf/Lx?, >L % sf] ;/sf/sf pRr kb:y sd{rf/Lx?, ljleGg s"6gLlts lgof]usf k|d'vx?, kqsf/x?, a'l4hLjLx?nufot 7"nf] ;+Vofdf ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfn] klg df};'kmx?k|lt >4f~hln ck{0f u/]sf lyP . zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Ps 6's8Ln] df};'kmx?sf] ;Ddfgdf zfxL ;nfdL ck{0f u/]sf] lyof] . df};'kmx?sf] zjofqf sl/a %M#) ah] jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfnaf6 k"0f{ /fhsLo ;Ddfgsf ;fy cfo{3f6tkm{ rnfOPsf] lyof] .

df};'kmx?sf] kfly{j z/L/ /flvPsf] c:ktfn kl/;/ j/k/ /x]sf 3/sf 5tx?, ;8ssf k]6Lx?df xhf/f}+ efjljx\jn g/gf/Lx?sf] eL8 b]lvGYof] eg] zjofqf cl3 al9/x"bf 3/sf 5t, ;8ssf k]6Lx?df /x]sf ljzfn hg;d'bfon] k'iku'R5f ck{0f ug'{sf ;fy} df};'kmx?sf] ho–hosf/ u/]sf lyP . sltko g/gf/Lx? efjljx\jn x'"b} /f]O/x]sf b]lvGy] .

df};'kmx?sf] zjsf] cufl8, k5fl8 3f]8r8L zfxL l/;Nnfx?, zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf, zfxL /Ifs 6's8Lx?, g]kfn k|x/L, :sfp6sf hjfgx? tyf j}08afhf /x]sf lyP . :ju{jf;L >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] kfly{j z/L/ /flvPsf] v6nfO{ a|fx\d0fx?n] af]s]sf lyP / v6sf] k5fl8 zfxL kl/jf/sf ;b:o tyf cfkmGthgx?, k|wfgdGqL, Pj+ ljlzi6 dxfg'efjx? /xg'ePsf] lyof] . :ju{jf;L >L % a8fdxf/fgLsf] kfly{j z/L/ kfNsLdf /flvPsf] lyof] .

df};'kmx?sf] kfly{j z/L/sf] bz{g ug{ / >4f~hln r9fpg jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfnb]lv cfo{3f6;Dd ;f“em ca]/;Dd klg nfvf}+ g/gf/Lx? sl/a rf/ 306f nfdf] zjofqfdf efjljx\jn eO{ ;xefuL ePsf lyP . zjofqf 5fpgLl:yt jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfnaf6 k|f/De eO{ :joDe"gfy eujfg\ kfp, ljho]Zj/L, zf]efeujtL, 9Nsf], If]qkf6L, h'4f]bo :s"n, 7d]n gl;{ªrf]s, lqb]jLdfu{, /fhb/af/ blIf0f 9f]sf, ho g]kfn lrq3/, sdnkf]v/L, 1fg]Zj/, /ftf]k'n, uf}zfnf x'"b} cfo{3f6 k'u]sf] lyof] . :ju{jf;L >L % dxf/fhflw/fh bLk]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jsf] ;f]daf/ ;f“em kz'klt cfo{3f6df k"0f{ /fhsLo ;Ddfgsf ;fy j}lbs ljlwk"j{s cGTo]li6 ul/of] . df};'kmsf] kfly{j z/L/df a|fx\d0f cRo'tk|;fb cfrfo{n] ;f“em &M$) ah] bfuaQL lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

bfuaQL lbg'cl3 df};'kmsf] kfly{j z/L/nfO{ >Lv08åf/f agfOPsf] lrtfd08kdf tLg k6s kl/qmdf u/fOPsf] lyof] . To;kl5 lrtfdf cf/f]x0f u/fP/ bfuaQL lbO"bf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;Ddfguf/tn] zfxL ;nfdL r9fPsf] lyof] .

To;kl5 tLg k6s elnkmfo/ ug'{sf ;fy} lau'n ahfOPsf] lyof] . bfx;+:sf/sf qmddf Ps–Ps ldg]6sf] km/s u/L df};'kmsf] pd]/cg';f/ tL; tf]ksf] ;nfdL r9fOPsf] lyof] . cGTo]li6sf qmddf k|wfgdGqL, k|wfgGofofwLz, /fhkl/ifb\ :yfoL ;ldltsf ;efklt, ;+j}wflgs c+usf k|d'vx?, dGqLx?, k|d'v k|ltkIfL bnsf g]tf, h+uL tyf lghfdtLtkm{sf pRr kbflwsf/Lx?af6 df};'kmdf clGtd >4f~hln r9fpg'ePsf] lyof] . o;cl3 klg 5fpgLl:yt jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfnaf6 zjofqf k|f/De x'g'cl3 c:ktfn k|fË0fdf /flvPsf] df};'kmsf] kfly{j z/L/df pxf“x?n] k'iku'R5f ck{0f u/L >4f~hln ck{0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

df};'kmsf] zjofqf k|f/De x'"bf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Ps 6's8Ln] df};'kmsf] ;Ddfgdf zfxL ;nfdL ck{0f u/]sf] lyof] . df};'kmsf] zj ut ;f]daf/ ;f“em jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfn 5fpgLaf6 k"0f{ /fhsLo ;Ddfgsf ;fy zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] df]6/df /fvL rqmkysf] af6f] x'"b} kz'klt cfo{3f6 k'¥ofOPsf] lyof] . >L % clw/fhs'df/L zflGt /fHonIdLb]jL l;+x tyf >L % clw/fhs'df/L zf/bf /fHonIdLb]jL zfxsf] ut /flt kz'klt cfo{3f6df j}lbs ljlwk"j{s cGTo]li6 ul/of] . df};'kmx?sf] ut z'qmaf/ /flt gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/af/df cs:dft\ ePsf] Ps 36gfdf lgwg ePsf] lyof] . cGTo]li6sf a]nf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Ps 6's8Ln] df};'kmx?k|lt ;Ddfg ck{0f u/]sf] lyof] . ;f]xL 36gfdf k/L lgwg x'g'ePsf s'df/ v8\uljqmd zfxsf] klg /flt g} cfo{3f6df bfx;+:sf/ ul/Psf] lyof] .

o;aLr gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/af/df z'qmaf/ /flt ePsf] eofgs 36gfdf uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf k"j{ >L % clw/fhs'df/ wL/]Gb| zfxsf] ;f]daf/ ;f“em lgwg eof] . zfxsf] 5fpgLl:yt ;}lgs c:ktfnsf] ;+3g pkrf/sIfdf pkrf/ eO/x]sf] lyof] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jsf sfG5f efO wL/]Gb| zfxn] @)$% ;fndf >L % clw/fhs'df/af6 /fhLgfdf lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

;Dkfbs k|sfzsx?sf] l/xfOsf nflu rf}tkmL{ bafj 

;fKtflxs ;dfrf/

sf7df8f}+ – sflGtk'/ klAns]zG; -k|F=_ ln=sf k|aGw lgb]{zs s}nfz l;/f]lxof, lgb]{zs ljgf]b/fh 1jfnL tyf sflGtk'/ /fli6«o b}lgssf ;Dkfbs o'j/fh l3ld/]nfO{ ;/sf/n] k"jf{u|xL Pj+ k|ltzf]wk"0f{ 9+udf ut a'waf/ ;f“em lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] 5 . ;fbf kf]zfsdf sflGtk'/ klAns]zG; -k|f=_ ln= sf] tLgs'g]l:yt sfof{nodf cfPsf k|x/Lx?n] pxf“x?nfO{ kqmfp k'hL{ lbPsf lyP eg] laxLaf/ laxfg pxf“x?nfO{ …/fHob|F]xÚ sf] cf/f]kdf y'g'jf k'hL{ ydfOPsf] 5 . of] ;dfrf/ n]v'~h]n pxf“x?nfO{ s'g ljifodf cf/f]lkt ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] eGg] cflwsfl/s hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5}g eg] pxf“x?;“u aofg lng] sfd klg ul/Psf] 5}g . k|FKt hfgsf/Lcg';f/ a'waf/ sflGtk'/ b}lgsdf k|sflzt e"ldut g]skf
-dfcf]jfbL_ sf g]tf 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] Pp6f n]vnfO{ lnP/ pxf“x?nfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] xf] .

…;/sf/n] xfdLnfO{ b'Mv lbg] axfgf vf]lh/x]sf] lyof], /fHob|F]xsf] cf/f]k To;}sf] axfgfdfq xf]Ú lu/km\tf/Lsf qmddf klAns]zG; kl/;/df pkl:yt ljb]zL >Jo, b[Zo dfWodsf kqsf/x?;“u s'/fsfgL ub}{ ;Dkfbs l3ld/]n] atfpg'eof] .

/fHosf] rf}yf] c+u kqsfl/tfdfly ;/sf/n] u/]sf] of] gf+uf] x:tIF]ksf] ;j{q lgGbf Pj+ eT;{gf eO/x]sf] 5 . of] 36gfsf] ljleGg /fhgLlts kf6L{ tyf g]tfx?n] tLj| cfnf]rgfdfq u/]sf 5}gg\, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3nufot b]ze/sf kqsf/x? cfGbf]lnt dgl:yltdf k'u]sf 5g\ . sflGtk'/ klAns]zG; -k|f=_ ln= sf k|sfzsåo Pj+ ;Dkfbssf] lu/km\tf/Lsf] 36gfnfO{ ;L=Pg=Pg, aL=aL=;L, :6f/ Go"h, b"/bz{g, hL Go"h, PgPrs] -hfkfg_ ;L=Pg=aL=;L= -l;+ufk'/_ nufotsf k|d'v cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWodx?n] k|d'vtfsf ;fy k|sflzt Pj+ k|;fl/t u/]sf 5g\ .

ljz]if u/L /fhb/af/df 36]sf] 36gfsf] ;dfrf/ ;+sng ug{ cfPsf ljb]zL >Jo–b[Zo dfWodsf kqsf/x? …k|hftflGqs ;/sf/Ú af6 ePsf] k|];k|ltsf] of] b'Jo{jxf/ b]v]/ cfZro{rlst Pj+ IF'Aw b]lvGy] . /fhwfgLl:yt s"6gLlts lgof]ux? tyf dfgj clwsf/;“u ;DalGwt /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3;+:yfx?n] of] 36gfk|lt tLj| k|ltlqmof hgfp“b} k|]; :jtGqtfsf] ;Ddfg ub}{ ;Dkfbs Pj+ k|sfzsx?sf] l/xfOsf nflu ;/sf/;“u cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\ .