nfdf] k|tLIffkl5 dlGqkl/ifb\sf] k'gu{7g ePsf] 5 . t/, Tof] k'gu{7g klg ljjfb/lxt /xg ;s]g . k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] sf+u|];leqsf] c;Gtf]ifnfO{ dTy/ kfg{ / ;a} kIfnfO{ ;d]6]/ n}hfg] k|of; ubf{ub}{ klg tyfslyt c;Gt'i6x¿sf] c;lxi0f' Pj+ cgf}7f] Jojxf/sf sf/0f sf+u|]; PsLs[t eP/ k|:t't x'g ;s]g . To;dfly v'daxfb'/ v8\sfn] dlGqd08ndf ;fd]n x'g c:jLsf/ ug'{ePsfn] t ljkIfLx¿nfO{ sfvL ahfpg] /fd|f] cj;/ g} k|fKt eof] . 8f= /fdz/0f dxtsf] c:j:ytfnfO{ ;d]t /fhgLlts /ª lbP/ c8\snafhL ug]{ k|of; ut a'waf/b]lv rfn' 5 . sf+u|];leqsf] pku'6sf ¿kdf ;fd"lxs ¿kdf k|:t't x'g] b]pjfsf] cgf}7f] rfnfdfnf / lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] c3]{nf] dfq b]vfP/ bGtahfg ug]{ s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{sf] /0fgLltn] t ljkIfnfO{ cToGt} /fd|f] cj;/ k|bfg u¥of] . sf+u|];leqs} of] slr+unsf sf/0f ;a}vfn] ljkIfLx¿ ;/sf/sf lj?4 rf/}tkm{af6 cfqmfds eP/ cfOnfu]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;/sf/ jf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] g]t[Tj dfq xf]Og, k|hftGqdfly g} vt/f x'g ;Sg] / Tof] v]nsf] uf]6L pkuf]6Lsf ¿kdf d'n'ssf lhDd]af/ g]tfx¿;d]t k|o'Qm x'g k'u]sf] cg'ej ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .

kf6L{leqsf] ljjfbnfO{ ;fDo ug]{ sf]l;;df k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf ut xKtf lgs} nlrnf] eP/ k|:t't x'g'eof] . pxf"n] s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{;"u ;/;Nnfx ug'{nfO{ lgtfGt :jfefljs dflgP tfklg z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ lbg'ePsf] cTolws dxŒjnfO{ eg] sf]O/fnfsf] :jefjljk/Lt c:jfefljs dflgPsf] 5 . Tof] xKtfel/ g} dlGqd08nsf] k'gu{7gsf nflu b]pjfnfO{ dgfpg sf]O/fnfn] 7"nf] k|of; ug'{eof] t/ b]pjfsf] x7 cgf}7f] Pj+ c:jfefljs lyof] . z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ sf]O/fnf;"u To;¿kdf k|:t't x'g] zlQm sxf"af6 k|fKt eof] eGg]rflx+ w]/}sf nflu cg';Gwfgsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 .

s]xL lbgcl3;Dd ;fj{hlgs¿kdf dlGqd08ndf ;xefuL x'g] ljrf/ JoQm ug]{ v'daxfb'/ v8\sfsf] c8fg klg jf:tjdf cgf}7f] 5 . pxf"n] ;/sf/nfO{ cK7\of/f] gkfg]{ ;fj{hlgs ubf{ub}{ pxf"sf] cleJolQmx¿nfO{ ;xh¿kdf lng w]/}n] ;s]sf 5}gg\ . cfh 8fS6/ /fdz/0f dxtn] zkyu|x0f ub}{ x'g'x'G5 / To;}a]nf v8\sf Toxf" ;fd]n x'g k'Ug'eof] eg] klg cfZro{rflx+ dfGg'kb}{g . t/, Tof] ;DefjgfnfO{ Go"g dflg+b}5 . /fhgLlts c+sul0ftsf dflx/ v'daxfb'/hLn] ;Dk"0f{ lx;falstfa u/]/ cfh zky lng k'Ug'eof] eg] klg cgf}7f] rflx+ xf]Og .

;Tofu|xnfO{ Ps e/kbf]{ ;"qn] atfPcg';f/ v'daxfb'/hLsf nueu !( hgf ;dy{s ;f+;bx¿nfO{ pxf"n] dGqL agfpg] cfZjf;g lbg'ePsf] lyof] . tL ;a}hgfnfO{ pxf"n] …tkfO{+sf] gfd k7fPsf] 5'Ú klg eGg'ePsf] lyof] . t/, cfkm"nufot xfn dlGqd08ndf cfPsf # hgfsf cnfjf k|wfgdGqLn] s'g} klg xfntdf :jLsfg{ g;Sg] yk # hgfsf] gfd pxf"n] l;kmfl/; ug'{ePsf] lyof] . :jo+ v8\sf klg Tof] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L /fVg'x'GgYof] . pxf"n] cfkm\gf] ;d"xnfO{ Pslqt /fVg] p2]Zon] To;f] ug'{eof] / pxf"sf] of] /0fgLltnfO{ a'em]/ sltko pxf"sf cgGo ;xof]uLx¿;d]t e8\lsg yfn]sf] xfd|f] ;dfrf/;"q hgfp"5 .

;+;bLo Joj:yfdf k|wfgdGqLsf] ;jf]{RrtfnfO{ :jLsfg'{kg]{ x'G5 . dlGqd08nsf ;b:ox¿ r'Gg] ljz]ifflwsf/ k|wfgdGqLdf 5 . t/ To:tf] ;j{:jLsfo{ ljifodf ;d]t efuj08fsf] k|rng rnfpg] sf]l;; eg] cgf}7f] dflgPsf] 5 . kf6L{leq ;d"x / pk;d"xsf] cgf}7f] s'/f rNg' cfkm}+df pb]snfUbf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . To;dfly pQm ljifodf sf];"u ;xdlt sfod ug'{kg]{ xf] :ki6 gx'g' cfkm}++df cgf}7f] 5 . s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{, z]/axfb'/ b]pjf, cfkm}+ v'daxfb'/ v8\sf jf anaxfb'/ s];L s;nfO{ k|wfgdGqLn] ;Gt['i6 kfg'{kg]{ xf] :ki6 5}g . oLdWo] Pshgf ;Gt'i6 eP klg csf]{n] c;Gtf]ifsf] 7"nf] cfjfh lgsfNg ;Sb5g\ .

lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] kf]v/f dxflwjz]gkZrft\ :ki6 hgfb]z kfO;Sg'ePsf] x'"bf ca pxf"n] s7f]/ lg0f{o lng'kg]{ cg'ej ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . kf6L{leq cg'zf;g, cfr/0f / dof{bf sfod ug{ / cfbz{ :yflkt ug{ pxf"n] b[9¿kdf pleg'ePg eg] d'n'sdf k|hftGqdfly g} vt/f x'g ;Sb5 . o;}aLr, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;f+;bx¿sf] lxhf] ePsf] Ps cgf}krfl/s e]nfn] To;} lbzftkm{ kf6L{ rNg'kg]{ O+lut u/]sf] 5 . b'O{hgf dfq dGqL;lxt em08} rfnL;hgf ;f+;bx¿sf] pQm e]nfn] k|wfgdGqL b[9 eP/ k|:t't x'g'kg]{ lgSof}{n u/]sf] xfd|f] ;dfrf/;"q hgfp"5 .

lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ leq / aflx/ rf/}lt/af6 h'g k|sf/sf] cfqmd0f eO/x]sf] 5, Tof] cfkm}+df cy{k"0f{ 5 . of] cfqmd0f JolQmut ¿kdf pxf"sf lj?4 geO{ Joj:yfs} lj?4sf] if8\oGqsf ¿kdf ;d]t kl/eflift ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . pxf"n] ;s'zn of] v8\sf] kf/ ug{ ;kmn x'g'eof] eg] d'n'sn] Pp6f ult k|fKt ug]{ ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .

bf]if lul/hfafa's} xf]

— ;dfrf/ ljZn]if0f

k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] kf6L{leqsf ;a} kIfnfO{ ;d]6\g] eg]/ dlGqkl/ifb\df k'gu{7g ug'{eof] . ;w}+ pxf"nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ 8f= /fdj/0f ofbj / /fdaxfb'/ u'?ªnfO{ x6fpg'eof] / pxf"nfO{ ckb:y ug{ nfluk/]sf v'daxfb'/ v8\sf;lxt s]xL gof" cg'xf/nfO{ dGqL agfpg'eof] . kf6L{ ;efkltsf] lgjf{rgdf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ ;3fpg]x¿dWo] s]xL dGqL agfOP . t/ g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ Ps x'g glbg]x¿sf] /0fgLltcg';f/ v'daxfb'/ v8\sf / /fdz/0f dxtn] zkyu|x0f u/]gg\ . oBlk 8f= dxtn] cfh ;f]daf/ zkyu|x0f ug]{ ;dfrf/ cfPsf] 5 . v'daxfb'/ v8\sfn] rflx+ zkyu|x0f gug]{ jQmJo lbO;s]sf 5g\ . pgn] zkyu|x0f gug'{sf] cy{ ca ;/sf/ 9fNg v8\sf k|j[Q x'g] g} xf] . -x'g t v'daxfb'/ v8\sfn] klxn] klg dGqL kbdf axfn /x"bf/x"b} k|wfgdGqL b]zaflx/ ePsf] df}sf kf/]/ pxf"nfO{ x6fpg] k|of; u/]s} x'g\ . ToxL sf/0fn] pgnfO{ dGqL kbaf6 avf{:t ul/Psf] lyof] . ls;'ghLn] klg v'daxfb'/hLnfO{ dGqL agfpg'ePs} lyof] . v'daxfb'/ v8\sfs} g]t[Tjdf e§/fO{nfO{ x6fpg] pkqmd cf/De ePsf] lyof] . o;}n] v8\sf ;w}+ cl:y/tfsf kIfdf b]lvPsf 5g\ . pgn] zkyu|x0f u/]s} eP klg pgsf tkm{af6 9'Ss x'g' d'Vof{O" x'g] lyof] ._

k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfn] dlGqkl/ifb\ k'gu{7g ubf{ b]pjf / pgsf ;fyLx¿sf] s'6Ln dgzfo a'‰g ;Sg'ePg . pgLx¿ h;/L eP klg / kl/0ffd h] x'g] eP klg sf]O/fnfnfO{ x6fP/} 5f8\g] cleofgdf nfu]sf 5g\ . sf]O/fnfn] hlt ;x'lnot / efp lbP klg pgLx¿nfO{ k'Ub}g . pgLx¿dWo] s]xL sf+u|]; km'6fP/} 5f8\g] …ld;gÚ df v6fOPsf 5g\ . o;}n] g]kfnL sf+u|];df s6'tf x6fpg] jf ljjfb 36fpg] s'g} k|of; s;}n] u¥of] eg] s'g} g s'g} lgx'"df To;nfO{ c;kmn agfpg]tkm{ nfU5g\ . clxn]sf] ;/sf/sf] k'gu{7gdf klg ToxL /0fgLltcGtu{t c;xof]u ul/Psf] xf] .

lul/hfafa'n] k6s–k6s gfdfjnL dfUbf klg b]pjf ;d"xn] dlGqkl/ifb\df ;fd]n x'g]x¿sf] gfd glbPkl5 To; ;d"xaf6 s]xLnfO{ dGqL agfOof] . t/ To;kl5 pgLx¿n] v'daxfb'/ v8\sfnfO{ dfq} eg] klg zkyu|x0f ug{af6 /f]s] . k|wfgdGqLnfO{ cK7]/f]df kfg{ lglxt p2]Zo /fv]/ g} o;f] ul/Psf] xf] . v8\sfsf] ;xdltdf g} pgnfO{ dGqL agfOPsf] xf] . cfkm" dGqL x'g tof/ /x]sf] hfgsf/L pgn] k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfnfO{ dfq xf]Og, ;fj{hlgs¿kdf klg lbPsf lyP . /]l8of] g]kfn;"u s'/f ub}{ v8\sf, dxt / cf]dsf/ >]i7n] cfkm"x¿ dlGqkl/ifb\df ;fd]n x'g] tof/Ldf /x]sf] atfPsf lyP . o;}n] klg clxn]sf] zkyu|x0f alxisf/sf k5fl8 sf]O/fnfnfO{ c;lhnf]df kfg]{ /0fgLltn] sfd u/]sf] :ki6 b]lvG5 .

t/ b]pjfx¿nfO{ o;df bf]if glbpm" . pgLx¿ t sf]O/fnfnfO{ h'g;'s} d"Nodf klg kbaf6 x6fP/} 5f8\g] ls;'ghLsf zAbdf …cfkm"h:t} e"tk"j{ agfpg]Ú 3f]if0ff ul/;s]s} 5g\ . sf]O/fnfsf clxn]sf c;kmntfsf lglDt bf]ifL ltgLx¿ x'g\ hf] v'daxfb'/ v8\sfnfO{ dGqL agfpg sDd/ s;]/ nfu] . v8\sfsf] t cfkm"nfO{ avf{:t ul/Psf] OaL ;fWg' lyof] . avf{:t ug]{ k|wfgdGqLn] g} k'gM dlGqkl/ifb\df ;fd]n u/]kl5 pgLdfly nfu]sf cf/f]kx¿ :jtM ;dfKt x'g k'u] . ;'zLn sf]O/fnfsf] d]v dfg{ v'daxfb'/ v8\sfnfO{ pS;fpg]x¿n] ca s'g vfN6f]df kfg]{ x'g\ <

lul/hfafa'n] cfkm\gf] k|lta4tfcg';f/ e|i6 / dflkmofsf …8gÚ x¿nfO{ dlGqkl/ifb\df gNofPsf] eP cfhsf] cj:yf cfpg] g} lyPg . ca klg pxf"n] ;Demf}tfsf gfddf kf6L{df dgf]gog ubf{ e/ kg{ g;lsg] / e|i6 5lj ePsfx¿nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug'{eof] eg] To;sf] kl/0ffd o:t} k|To'Tkfbs x'g k'Ug]5 . pxf"s} bf}/fsf] km]/ ;dfP/ pleg]x¿dWo] g} pxf"nfO{ ;dfKt kfg]{ /0fgLltsf] uf]6L ag]sf 5g\ . oxL ga'em]/ lul/hfafa'n] ckdfg ;xg'k¥of] . ;/sf/ / kf6L{sf] 5lj laUo|f] . ltgLx¿ sf] x'g\ < cem} klg a]nf 5, vf]h] x'G5 .

ax'rlr{t np8f Po/ k|s/0fdf txlssftdf Jo:t clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] cg';Gwfgsf] qmd k"/f u/]sf] hfgsf/L ;Tofu|xnfO{ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . ;Dk"0f{ cg';GwfgkZrft\ o;} ;ftfsf] cGTo;Dddf cfof]un] cleo'Qmx¿dfly cbfntdf cleof]ukq;lxt d'2f bfo/ ug]{ ePsf] 5 . clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u;"u ;Da4 Ps ;"qsf cg';f/ of] k|s/0fdf zfxL g]kfn jfo' ;]jf lgudsf tTsfnLg sfo{sf/L cWoIf xl/eQm >]i7nfO{ cfof]un] k|d'v cleo'Qm dfg]sf] 5 . tTsfnLg dGqL tfl/0fLbQ r6f}tnfO{ a9Ldf ;r]t;Dd u/fOg]5 / pxf"sf lj?4 d'2f bfo/ ul/g]5}g .

clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] of] lgSof]{nn] /fhgLlts If]qdf 7"nf] xnrn k}bf x'g] lglZrt 5 . np8f k|s/0fnfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf lj?4 c;Gt'i6 egfp"bf tŒjx¿ klg lx:; kg]{ ePsf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqLnfO{ clVtof/n] af]nfP/ aofg lng] ;kgfdf /xfO/x]sfx¿ of] xfQL cfof] km':;fn] lg/fz dfq xf]Og xtf; g} x'g] :ki6} 5 . cleo'Qmx¿ klxrfg u/L d'2f bfo/ x'g'sf] :ki6 cy{ xf]— k|wfgdGqLsf lj?4 s'g} k|df0f 5}g / ;fIfLsf ¿kdf ;d]t k|wfgdGqL;"u a'em\g'kg]{ s]xL 5}g .

em§ x]bf{ cToGt} ;fgf] ;dfrf/ eP klg of] uxg /fhgLlts dxŒjsf] ;dfrf/ xf] . k|ltkIfn] e]§P" eG7fg]sf] cToGt} 7"nf] d'2f o;sf/0f ;dfKt x'g] dfq xf]Og, o;af6 sf+u|];leqsf k|wfgdGqLsf lj/f]wLx¿ klg lzlyn x'g k'Ug]5g\ . dlGqkl/ifb\sf] k'gu{7gdf np8f k|s/0fnfO{ t];f{P/ c;xof]u ug]{ sltko JolQmx¿n] k5'tfpg'kg]{5 . oxL sf/0f tyfslyt c;Gt'i6 ;d"xleq 7"nf] lr/f kg]{;d]t cg'dfg ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .

l/kf]6{;{ Snadf ;~rf/dGqL

sf7df8f}+ . gjlgo'Qm ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL lzj/fh hf]zL / /fHodGqL k'is/gfy cf]emfnfO{ l/kf]6{;{ Sna g]kfnn] xfn} :jfut u¥of] . ;f] cj;/df dGqL hf]zLn] k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgfdf k|];sf] dxŒjk"0f{ of]ubfg lyof] / o;sf] ;+/If0fdf klg ;~rf/ dfWodsf] plQs} e"ldsf /xg] ljrf/ JoQm ug'{eof] . lghL jf ;xsf/L ;~rf/ dfWodx¿k|lt ;/sf/sf] s'g} cfu|x jf k"jf{u|x g/xg] s'/f atfp"b} pxf"n] ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/sf] If]qn] of] cjlwdf dxŒjk"0f{ km8\sf] df/]sf] 5 eGg'eof] .

;f] cj;/df ;~rf/ /fHodGqL k'is/gfy cf]emfn] ;/sf/n] k|]; hut\;"u ldqjt\ ;DaGw /fVg] s'/f atfpg'eof] . /fHodGqL cf]emfn] gful/sn] ;"rgfsf] xs kfpg'k5{, ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0fn] gful/s :jtGqtfnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug'{k5{, cft°nfO{ lg?T;flxt kfg}{k5{ eGg'eof] .

sfo{qmddf k|]; sfplG;nsf cWoIf xl/x/ lj/xL / ;~rf/sdL{ gL/ zfxn] klg gjlgo'Qm dGqLx¿sf] :jfut ug'{ePsf] lyof] . Snasf cWoIf Clif wdnfn] l/kf]6{;{ len]hsf] lgdf{0f ug{ ;/sf/;"u dfu ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfnL sf+u|];leq JofKt slr+unsf] kmfObf p7fpg] k|of;df Psh'6 eP/ nfu]sf k|ltkIfLx¿sf] ;z:q k|x/L an / :yfgLo k|zf;g;DaGwL cWofb]znfO{ dflyNnf] ;bg /fli6«o;efaf6 c:jLs[t u/fP/ k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ cK7\of/f]df kfg]{ /0fgLlt c;kmn x'g] lglZrt k|foM ePsf] 5 . k|ltlglw;efdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ax'dt ePsf] sf/0f pQm cWofb]z :jtM kf; x'g]5 . x'g t, sf+u|];leqsf c;Gt'i6 elgg] ljeLif0fx¿ To;f] ePsf] b]Vg rfxGgg\ . t/, bnabn P]gsf sf/0f pgLx¿ k|wfgdGqLnfO{ ;fy lbg afWo 5g\ .

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f &@ -!_ df …;+;b\sf] b'j} ;bgsf] clwj]zg rln/x]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf tTsfn s]xL ug{ cfjZos k/]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fdf >L % ;Gt'i6 xf]OaS;]df o; ;+ljwfgdf n]lvPsf s'/fx¿sf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L df};'kmaf6 cfjZos ;lDemaS;]sf] cWofb]z hf/L ug{ ;lsaS;g]5Ú eGg] k|fjwfg 5 . pNn]lvt b'j} cWofb]z o;} k|fjwfgcg'¿k hf/L ePsf] xf] . pQm cWofb]zx¿ nueu b'O{ dlxgfcl3 g} ;/sf/n] tof/ u/]sf] eP tfklg ;+;b\ ;'? x'g' 7Ls cl3 dfq hf/L ePsf] lyof] . o;/L l9nfO x'g'df ;/sf/nfO{ g/fd|f] b]vfpg] tŒj b/af/leq} ljBdfg /xg'sf] sf/0f k|d'v /x]sf] ko{j]Ifsx¿sf] /fo 5 . of] a]Un} cg';Gwfgsf] ljifo xf] .

o;k|sf/ hf/L ePsf] cWofb]z hf/L ePsf] ^ dlxgfkl5 jf b'j} ;bgsf] a}7s a;]sf] ^) lbgkl5 :jtM lgl:qmo x'g] k|fjwfg klg ;+ljwfgdf 5 . o;}sf/0f ;/sf/n] pQm cWofb]z b'j} ;bgdf cg'df]bgsf nflu k|:t't u/]sf] xf] . k|ltkIfn] dflyNnf] ;bg /fli6«o;efdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;b:o ;+Vof ax'dtdf gePsf] / /fhfaf6 dgf]gLt ;b:ox¿ ;w}+ ;/sf/nfO{ cK7\of/f]df kfg{ pBt x'g] ljZjf;sf cfwf/df of] cWofb]znfO{ c:jLs[t ug]{ ;kgf b]v]sf] 5 . /fli6«o;efdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf @$ ;b:o dfq ePsf] / ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf ! hgf ;b:oafx]s c¿n] sf+u|];sf] ;fy lbg] ;Defjgf sd ePsf] x'"bf k|ltkIfsf] /0fgLlt ;kmn x'g] klg b]lvG5 . To;f] t, k|wfgdGqLn] dgf]gLt jf cGo sltko ;f+;bnfO{ dgfpg klg ;Sg'x'G5 .

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f &@ -@_ s df …hf/L ePkl5 a;]sf] ;+;b\sf] b'j} ;bgdf -cWofb]z_ k]; ul/g]5 / b'j} ;bgn] :jLsf/ gu/]df :jtM lgl:qmo x'g]5Ú eGg] pNn]v 5 . o;sf] :ki6 cy{ xf]— s'g} Ps ;bgn] c:jLs[t ub}{df cWofb]z lgl:qmo x'"b}g . /fli6«o;efn] c:jLsf/ / k|ltlglw;efn] :jLsf/ u¥of] eg] pQm cWofb]z lgl:qmo x'"b}g . To:tf] kl/l:yltdf cWofb]z ;lqmo g} /xG5 .

cWofb]zdf ;+zf]wg x'g ;Sb}g . To;nfO{ k"0f{¿kdf :jLsf/ jf c:jLsf/ ug]{ eGg] dfq ;bgsf] lg0f{osf] ljifo xf] . sy+sbflrt /fli6«o;efn] c:jLsf/ u¥of] eg] klg …b'j} ;bgn] :jLsf/ gu/]sf]Ú 7xl/+b}g, Pp6f ;bgn] dfq c:jLsf/ u/]sf] dflgG5 / lgl:qmo x'"b}g . o:tf] cj:yfdf ljw]ossf ¿kdf pQm cWofb]z a]Un} k|:t't x'g k'U5 t/ ;lqmo ¿kdf g} .

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ^( -%_ cg';f/ …k|ltlglw;efn] kfl/t u/L /fli6«o;efdf k7fPsf] cy{ ljw]osafx]s cGo ljw]os /fli6«o;efn] cfkm";dIf k|fKt ePsf] b'O{ dlxgfleq kfl/t u/L jf ;'emfj;lxt lkmtf{ k7fpg'kg]{5 . pQm ;dofjlwleq /fli6«o;efn] ;f] ljw]os lkmtf{ u/]g eg] klg k|ltlglw;efn] tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;b:o ;+Vofsf] %) k|ltzteGbf a9L ;b:ox¿sf] lg0f{oaf6 ;f] ljw]os >L % sff] ;/sf/;dIf k]; ug{ ;Sg]5Ú eGg] pNn]v 5 . ;f]xL wf/fsf] pkwf/f & n] /fli6«o;efaf6 c:jLs[t eO{ cfP tfklg k|ltlglw;efsf] ;jf]{Rrtf sfod /xg] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .

;du|df, pNn]lvt cWofb]zx¿ of t ;+;b\sf] b'j} ;bgaf6 cg'df]bg x'g]5g\ cyjf ;lqmo cj:yfdf g} ljw]ossf ¿kdf k|ltlglw;efaf6 kfl/t x'g]5g\ . h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg cWofb]zsf] cf8df ;/sf/nfO{ cK7\of/f] kfg]{ ljkIfsf] /0fgLlt ljkmn x'g]5 .

sf7df8f}+ . dfcf]jfbL cft°sf/Ln] km]l/ ljb]zLdfly xdnf u/]sf 5g\ . ut zlgaf/ l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] d]nDrLdf lgdf{0f x'g nfu]sf] hnljB't cfof]hgfdf sfd ug{ hfg nfu]sf lrlgof" gful/s dfcf]jfbLsf] ljB'tLo w/fkdf k/L 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . o;cl3 Pp6f cd]l/sL k|f]h]S6df sfd ug{ /jLGb| >]i7 gfdsf clwsf/L r9]sf] lhkdf cfqmd0f u/L lghsf] xTof u/]kl5 cd]l/sfn] s8f cfklQ hgfPsf] lyof] . cd]l/sL cfklQkl5 dfcf]jfbLn] dfkmL dfUb} e'na; To:tf] ePsf] hgfPsf] lyof] . To;}u/L uf]vf{df s]xL dlxgfcl3 Pp6f k|m]Gr ko{6s 6f]nLdfly dfcf]jfbLn] cfqmd0f u/L n'6kf6 dRrfPsf] lyof] .

d]nDrLsf] 36gfdf lrlgof" gful/ssf] cltl/Qm b'O{hgf ;j{;fwf/0f tyf !! hgf k|x/L u/L !$ hgf 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . To;}u/L s]xL lbg cl3dfq dfcf]jfbLsf] /fhwfgL dflgg] /f]Nkfdf yfk]sf] PDa';df k/L 3f";–bfp/f lx"8]sf dlxnf / ufO{j:t' k/]sf 5g\ . ut ;ftf k|wfgGofofwLzdfly yfk]sf] PDa';sf] klg plQs} rrf{ ePsf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbLx¿df hyfefjL PDa'; yfKg], af6f]3f6f]df lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ la5\ofpg] k|j[lQ Jofks¿kn] a[l4 x'"b} uPsf] 5 . To;sf] l;sf/ ;j{;fwf/0f, s]6fs]6L / kz'k+IfL;d]t x'g] u/]sf va/x¿ Jofks¿kdf cfp"bf klg Tof] k|j[lQnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] ;Rofpg] ;+s]t b]vfPsf 5}gg\ . dfcf]jfbLsf] To; vfnsf] u}/pQ/bfoL sbdsf] lj?4 hgdt tof/ kfg{lt/ s'g} dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+:yf / JolQmsf] Wofg gk'Ug'nfO{ eg] cfZro{sf] ¿kdf x]l/Psf] 5 .

;+;f/e/ g} hldgd'lg lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ la5\ofpg], af?bL ;'?ª agfpg] tyf PDa'; yfKg] k|j[lQsf] lj?4 Jofks cleofg ;~rfng eO/x]sf] a]nf dfcf]jfbLsf] To;k|sf/sf] lqmofsnfkn] k|f]T;fxg kfpg'nfO{ ;j{q cfZro{sf] ¿kdf x]l/Psf] 5 . dfcf]]jfbLsf] To:tf u}/pQ/bfoL sfdsf] l;sf/ ef]ln h'g;'s} kf6L{, g]tf jf cGo If]qsf dxŒjk"0f{ JolQm;d]t x'g'kg]{ l:ylt alnof] aGb} uPsf] 5 . t/, ;/sf/ /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o hgdt agfP/ dfcf]jfbLsf] To:tf] kfzljs sfo{sf] lj?4 s7f]/ sbd p7fpg ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . ;/sf/sf] ToxL gfbfgLsf] sf/0f g]kfnnfO{ ;xof]u ul//x]sf ldq/fi6«x¿ klg ;ts{ x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ d'n'sdf c;'/Iff a9]sf] s'/f xfn} dfq cd]l/sL /fhb"tn] JoQm ul/;s]sf 5g\ .

emg\ ljb]zL gful/sn] g} PDa';df k/]/ 3fOt] x'g] / Hofg u'dfpg] cj:yf cfPkl5 ef]ln ;xof]u ul//x]sf ljb]zL gful/sn] klg ;xof]u ug{ 5f8\g] cj:yf cfp"5 . ljb]zL ;xof]u klg /f]lsg], dfcf]jfbLn] yfk]sf] af?bL kf;f]n] ubf{ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ 3f";–bfp/f, kfgL–k"w]/f, xf6 ahf/ ug{;d]t cK7]/f] kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . of] cj:yfdf d'n'ssf] xfnt s] x'G5 eGg] s'/f ;a}n] a'‰g' h?/L 5 .

;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbLsf] Tof] ck/fwnfO{ b'?T;flxt / lgoGq0f ug{ dfgjclwsf/sf] If]qdf sfd ug]{x¿, /fhgLlts kf6L{, ;fdflhs sfo{stf{sf] ;xof]u lnP/ s7f]/ sbd rfNg'kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] To:tf] u/]g eg] ca Toxf" k'ln;, ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lsf] dfq xf]Og, 3f";]–bfp/]sf] ;d]t ;'/Iff gx'g] l:ylt cfpg ;S5 . ;+;f/el/ g} k|ltaGw nfu]sf] af?bL ;'?ª / PDa'; yfKg] dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ PSnf] kf/]/ Tof] ck/fw lgoGq0f ug{lt/ ;/sf/ cu|;/ x'g'kg]{ /fo ko{j]Ifsx¿sf] 5 .

clwsf+z SofDk; g]lj;+3s} sAhfdf kg]{

sf7df8f}+ . ldgL hgdt;+u|x dflgg] :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] r'gfj b'O{ xKtfkl5 x'"b}5 . clxn] o'lgogsf] r'gfjsf] tof/L Jofks¿kdf eO/x]sf] 5 . SofDk;–SofDk;df lgjf{rg sfo{qmd k|sflzt eO;s]sf] 5 . ;fgf–7"nf ljleGg /fhgLlts bnsf e|ft[ ;+:yfsf ¿kdf lqmofzLn /x]sf ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿ r'gfjL ;efdf xf]ldO;s]sf 5g\ . o;sf nflu ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿ SofDk;–SofDk;df cfkm\gf pDd]bjf/x¿ 5gf}6 ug]{ u[xsfo{df Jo:t 5g\ .

k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -Pdfn]_ km'6\g'cl3 p;sf] e|ft[ ;+u7g cg]/f:jljo'sf] k|foM w]/} SofDk;x¿df jr{:j /xg] u/]sf] lyof] t/ Pdfn] km'6]/ dfn] / Pdfn] ePkl5 cg]/f:jljo'sf] k|efj :jfQ} 36\of] . Pdfn] ;dly{t / dfn] ;dly{t b'j} ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿n] cnu–cnu pDd]bjf/L lbg] tof/L ul//x]sf 5g\ . Pdfn]sf] km'6kl5 ut @)%% ;fn kmfu'g !$ ut] ;DkGg :jljo'sf] r'gfjd} cg]/f:jljo'sf] zlQm IfL0f ePsf] :ki6 eO;s]sf] lyof] eg] g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 ;zQm¿kdf cufl8 al9/]sf] 5 . ut :jljo' r'gfjdf g]lj;+3n] b]zsf *# k|ltzteGbf a9L SofDk;x¿df ljho k|fKt u/]sf] lyof] .

k|hftflGqs ljBfyL{sf] eGbf jfdkGyL ljBfyL{x¿sf] l:ylt sdhf]/ ePsfn] jfdkGyLx¿ Ps eP/ k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ tof/L eO/x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . t/, ;f] Pstfdf Pdfn] cg]/f:jljo' eg] ;xefuL gx'g] ePsf] 5 . clxn] ;+o'Qm¿kdf cfGb]f]ng ul//xsf dfn] ;dly{t cg]/f:jljo', dfcf]jfbLsf] qmflGtsf/L, Pstf s]Gb| ;dly{t ljBfyL{ ;+u7g / d;fn ;dly{t ljBfyL{x¿aLr Pstf eO{ pDd]bjf/L lbg] s;/t eP klg kbsf] efuj08f gldn]sf sf/0f Tof] Pstfdf klg z+sf p7]sf] 5 .

cGo ljBfyL{ ;+u7geGbf ;Qf?9 g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] e|ft[ ;+u7g g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 g} clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ;zQm b]lvPsf] 5 . ;Defljt k|TofzLx¿df lqe'jg ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo SofDk; sLlt{k'/df ;efklt kbdf nf]s/fh e§, bLk]Gb| cfrfo{, tfk/fh hf]zL, 6Lsf u'?ª, z]/axfb'/ e08f/L, hubLz kf}8]n / u0f]z ltldlN;gfdWo] x'g] ;Defjgf 5 . cd[t ;fOG; SofDk;df /fdk|;fb clwsf/L, g]kfn n SofDk;df cfgGb/fh l3ld/], e"if0f l3ld/] / ljgf]b bfxfn, ;/:jtLdf ;Gb]z clwsf/L, /Tg/fHonIdL SofDk;df 6LsfbQ clwsf/L, e"k]Gb| /fO{ / ljho/fh clwsf/L, z+s/b]j SofDk;df bLk]Gb| >]i7sf] k|an ;Defjgf 5 eg] /fdafa' k|;fO{ / k|Hjn a:g]tn] klg bfaL ul//x]sf 5g\ . /Tg/fHo afg]Zj/df cf]d a:g]t, ofbj v/]n / dgf]h e§/fO{dWo]sf] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . lqrGb| ax'd'vL SofDk;df l;l4ljgf]b clwsf/L / ;'/h yfkf, yfkfynL OlGhlgol/ª SofDk;df gLns07 zdf{ kf}8]n, cho zfx, k|efs/ yfkf / pd]z yfgLdWo] x'g] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .

To;}u/L kf6g ax'd'vL SofDk;df pd]z kf}8]n, sd{ Jo~hgsf/, s}nfz ;'j]bL / of]u]Gb| /fO{dWo] x'g] ;Defjgf 5 . @)#^ ;fnb]lv g]lj;+3n] lhTb} cfPsf] kßsGof ax'd'vL Sofdk;df sNkgf sfsL{, lah'nf adf{ / pld{nf kl~hof/dWo] x'g] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . hgk|zf;g SofDk;df /d]z /fodfemL, kz'klt ax'd'vL SofDk;df /fh' >]i7sf] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . ljZjefiffdf eLd n'O"6]n, ;Gtf]if e§ / clgn yfkfdWo] ;Defjgf 5 . g]kfn sd;{ SofDk; dLgejgdf ;efklt kbdfgf/fo0f ef/tLsf] k|an ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 eg] ;lrjdf dbg s0f]{nsf] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .

dx]Gb| ;+:s[t ljZjljBfnosf] pkTosfdf /x]sf] Psdfq SofDk; afNdLls ljBfkL7df ;efklt kbdf lji0f' kGyL, n]zdl0f bfxfn, lkkndl0f l;Ub]n, zfGt v/]ndWo]af6 pDd]bjf/L kg]{ ;Defjgf 5 eg] ;lrj kbdf b]jL/fd k/fh'nL, w|'j bfxfn, s]zj sf]O/fnf / gGb|Clif hf]zLdWo] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . afNdLls ljBfkL7df @)#^ ;fnb]lv g]lj;+3n] clvneGbf w]/} dtfGt/n] ljho k|fKt ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 .

xfn} ;DkGg g]lj;+3sf] dxflwj]zgdf pTkGg ePsf] ltQmtfsf] sf/0f s]xL SofDk;df g]lj;+3d} klg ljb|f]xL pDd]bjf/ v8f x'g] ;Defjgf 5 . t/, klg glj;+3n] k'/fgf] jr{:jnfO{ eg] sfod} /fVg] ;Defjgf 5 .

b]zsf dxŒjk"0f{ lzIf0f ;+:yfdf dx]Gb| df]/ª SofDk; lj/f6gu/, dx]Gb| SofDk; w/fg, /f/f ax'd'vL SofDk; hgsk'/, 7fs'//fd SofDk; jL/u~h, jL/]Gb| SofDk; e/tk'/df g]lj;+3sf] l:ylt ;'b[9 b]lvPsf] 5 eg] k[YjLgf/fo0f SofDk; kf]v/fdf k|d'v k|ltkIf Pdfn]sf] ljBfyL{ ;+u7g cg]/f:jljo'sf] l:ylt /fd|f] b]lvG5 . a'6jn, g]kfnu~h, /fhlj/fh, Onfd, eb|k'/df s8f k|lt:kwf{sf] l:ylt b]lvPsf] 5 .

wgs'6f, ef]hk'/ SofDk;df cg]/f:jljo's} l:ylt /fd|f] b]lvPsf] 5 eg] dfcf]jfbLsf] /fd|f] k|efj ePsf] Psdfq SofDk; uf]vf{sf] lzIff SofDk;df g]lj;+3n] lhTg] nueu lglZrt b]lvPsf] 5 .

/fhwfgLsf w]/} ljBfyL{ ;+Vof ePsf / 7"nf lzIf0f ;+:yfdf g]lj;+3s} k|efj /fd|f] b]lvPsf] 5 . sLlt{k'/ ax'd'vL SofDk;, z+s/b]j, d]l8l;g SofDk;, kf6g, kßsGof, lqrGb|, klAns o'y, lkk'N;df o;k6s klg g]lj;+3n] lhTg] b]lvPsf] 5 eg] /Tg/fHo dx]Gb| /Tg, ;fgf] l7dLh:tf s]xL SofDk;df dfq l7dLh:tf s]xL SofDk;df dfq cg]/f:jljo'sf] /fd|f] b]lvPsf] 5 .

dLgejg, ;/:jtL, c:sn, n SofDk;df eg] s8f k|lt:kwf{ b]lvPsf] 5 .