lrlgNjo\ j Yj Njo\ n+s]u' Gx"u' ljlw

lrlgNjr+ 5sM snls j Njr+ j dg"oft uAn+] x] TjMtL dv' wfo]u' rng b' . emLu' z/L/oft lrlg dbo]s+ dufM . t/ j x] lrlg cKjM h'nls wfM;f emLt Njr+ sO .

emL;+ go]u' ;s{/f b'u' a:t' cfn', hfls, 5\jM, sMlg cflb emLu' kfrg–k|0ffnLof sf/0f+ Un'sf]ho\ lxnfjgL . Yj Un'sf]h y+] t+' x] emLu' z/l/of nfuL emL;+ go]u' kmnkm"n k'|mS6f]ho\ lxnf jgL . emLu' z/L/of !)) ;L= ;L lxO &)– () ldlnu|fd ts Un'sf]h lrlg bt wfM;f Yj ;fdfGo h'O . y'ls+ emLt :j:Yo x] ofgftO . Yj &)–() of lx;fj+ Sjo\ emLu' lxof lrlg, Un'sf]h s'xf+ jg wfM;f emLu' :j"o\ d'gfRj+u' UnfOsf]hg Un'sf]hof ?ko\ lxnfjgfM emLu' lxO dfMu' Un'sf]h cfk"lt{ h"jgLu' ;+efjgf bofRjgL . t/ uAn+] uAn+] oSj zf/Ll/s kl/>d cKjof jgLano\ y'sy+ g+ Un'sf]h emLu' lxO cfk"lt{ h"djgLu' cj:yfo\ sdhf]/ h'of jgLu', Dx vfgf jOu' :o+]:o+] ldgLu', g'u ef/f ef/f ldgLu', 5\o+u" Dxo\ Dxo\ wfofM t'O;] RjgfjgLu', a]xf]; h'of jgLu' cj:yf jo]oM . pls+ lrlg cKjM h'ofjg wsfM oSj lrlg Sjsfo]u', g;f sd gof h'Ou' afgL ofo]ano\ t;s+ xf]; bo]sf h'OdfM . xf]; tgf jgLu'of sf/0f emLu' Gx\ok'of zlStoft dbo]s dufMu' Un'sf]h dufgf jgLu'ln+ vM . a]xf]; nf ltNjo\ h"lk+t g+ h'OoM . pls+ emL;+ 5' u'u' sf/0f+ a]xf]; h'ofj+u' vM, j v" af+nfs l;Os]dfM .

oSj go] Tjg]u'ln+ ofgfM emLu' z/L/of lxO lrlg Un'sf]hof dfqf cKjof jg] oM . yy] cKjM h"u' lrlg 5'+ 5'+ dfqfo\ UnfOsf]hLgo\ lxnfjgfM emLu' :o"]o\ d'gfRjg] oM;f, -!$) ld= u|f= YogLano\ bfMvo\ lxnfjgL_, !%)– !&) ld=u|f= ts lrlg emLu' lxO bt wfM;f emLu' lk;fa+ lrlg lkxf+ jgL . emL;+ lxO Rj+u' Un''sf]hoft UnfOsf]hLgo\ lxn] kmt wfM;f jf lk;fa+ lkt 5\jo] kmt wfM;f lxO Un'sf]hof ;fdfGo l:ylt sfod ofgfto] kmO .

lxO b'u' lrlgof l:ylt emLu' z/L/of c+lk -kfo\lGqmh_ O cf8–/]gn Unfo\G8 y+]hfMu' 5'+ 5'+ Unfo\G8+ lgdf{0f ofgfM lktlaOu' xdf{]g+ lgoldt lgolGqt ofgftO . y'HjMu' xdf{]g vM 5l; sy+ – c+lk+ laOu' OG;'lng j Un'sf]uf]h tyf cf8/]gn Unfo\08+ laOu' xdf{]g . cf8/]gflng+ c+lkO Rj+u' lk/f–sf]if+ OG;'lng pTkflbg ofO;f, d]u' cNkmf sf]if+ Un'sfuf]g pTkfbg ofO .

OG;'lngof Hof j Un'sfuf]g tyf cf8/]gflngof Hof k"/f x] cMvM . wfo]t nf y'ld;+ lxO lrlgof :t/ -level_ ;fdfGo ofgfM toftO . OG;'lng+ lxO Rj+u' lrlg kfM ofo]u' Hof ofO;f d]u' lgtflh xfd{]g+ UnfOsf]hg, bfMoft /f;folgs lje]hg -hydrolysis_ ofgfM lxO lrlg cKjM bo]sf laO . eo j td+ UnfOsf]hgoft Un'sf]ho\ lxn]t pTk|]l/t ofgfM lxO lrlgof dfqf cKjo]sf laO .

tfpt ts, oSj O{ ts lxO lrlg cKjofRjg wfM;f -xfOk/ lUns]dLof _ lrlgNjo\ -dw'd]x jf 8foa]l6h_ h'O . Yj Njo\ n+s]t oSj x] lrlsT;f k4lt 5\on]u' ofgf jofRj+u' b' . cfo'j{]b, o"gfgL, Pnf]–KofyL, d;fh, DofUg]6f] y]/flk, lkmlhcf] y]/fkL, of]ufEof;, h8La'6L cflb . cfM 5u" Gx"u' ljlw jMu' b' …xfOb|f] y]/flkÚ . Yj ljlw 8folal6h w}u' nlgO x] dv' w}u' k/Dk/fut wf/0ffoft 5u" xfYof vM . Yj ljlw af+nfs gfnfsfn wfM;f 8folal6h ;'r's x] ngfj+ . emLu' z/L/of k|lt !));L=;L= lxO &) lg;+] !!% ldlnu|fd ts lrlg bOu' w}u' ;fdfGo vM . !$) ldlnu|fd ts bOu' w}u' ;fDo, IfDo j !$) ldlnu|fd l;a+] cKjM w}u' af+dnfMu' l:ylt vM .

Ej+t -ag]kf_ o\ Rj+u' lz/ d]df]l/on c:ktfnof ;+of]hgo\ e[s'6L d08k k|bz{g:yno\ 5u" …:jf:Yo k|bz{gL Ú h"u' vM . pu' x] cj;/o\ Uj;fM vnM kfv+] pu' x] c:ktfnof 8fS6/ kfv+] …8foa]l6hÚ ljifoo\ 5u" k|jrg sfo{qmd h"u' vM . pAn] 5Dx 8fS6/+ 8fo]a]l6h w}u' ngLu' Njo\ x] dv' wsfM gjfgflbn . cg x] k|bz{lgO Ogf lapu' 5u" krf{o\ k|fWofks 8fS6/ h]D; P08/;g j jo\sMof k'rn+ g;f Tj";f j Jofofdof dfWodof pu' k'rMof ;+ks{o\ jMlk+ dWo] ^^ k|ltztoft 8fo\a]l6h dh'Osf laofu' j d]lk+ No+blglklgu' ;d:of erf sd h'n wsfM RjoftMu' h'ofRjg . jo\sMof wfk"sy+ ldl>t sfaf{]xfO8«]6 -zs{/f_ wsfM a"aM, aLaM, rf]s/ b'u' cGg kmnkm"n, jfp"rf, lrlg db'u' vfB kbfy{oft wfOu' vM . pls+ lrlg Njo\ lgoGq0f ofo]t /]zfo'Qm, sd hs bfM j lrs+ b'u' g;f go]dfM j k|z:t Jofofd ofo]dfM . 8f= PG8/;gof wfk"sy+ Yj Njr+ sMlk+t zfsfxf/L ef]hg x] pQd h'O .

– Jofofd+ – of]ufEof;+ Yj Njr+ d'Qm h'ofM £oM, rfs', alh gofh"lk+ g+ b' w}u' lh+ l;p .

– 8]sfg– qmf]lgsnof ;f}hGoo\ ;g\ !((! ;]K6]Da/ @( s'Gx' lkb+u' hfkfgof p;f"o\ db'lklgu' 5u" ;+3+ lksfMu' 5u" Rj;'O 5'+ sy+ofu' x] gsf/fTds c;/ dnfOu' …hn lrlsT;f kåltÚof v" Gx\oygftMu' b' .

Yj x] k4lt+ 5\o+ :ofMu', xfOk/6]G; -An8 k|z/ t;s+ yxf+ jgLu'_, Plgldof -lx dufgfM Os'Ou'_, Ro"dfl6Hd -NxfM t'ltof ;fM;fM :ofOu'_, hg/n kf/fnfOl;; -NxfM t'lt ;+s] dkmOu'_, cfy{/fOl6; -afy_, ;fOg; -lkgf;_, 6flrsfl8{of -;f;M Nxfo]u' glnof Njo\_, cgf:y]l;of, skm, bd, a|f]sfOl6;, kndf]g]/L, 6\o"a/sf]nf]l;; -u+Njo\_, d]lgGhfOl6; -Gx\ok' j lt:oMof lkln :ogfM h'Ou' Njo\_, x]kfl6s, Rj ;DaGwL yLyL Njo\, ldvf ;DaGwL yLyL Njo\, yLdHo" u8a8 h'Ou', No'sf]l/of -lx:o+ Njo\_, drf5]"of SofG;/, b'?kfof SofG;/, l6gfOl6; -Gxfo\ ;'n'+ jofM ;]v+ rfOu'_, kmf/]GhfOl6; -sy'O b'g] dgf jOu'_ cflb Njo\ g+ n+s]km' woftMu' b' .

@%)) b" Gx\oM dg"to\u' p;f"o\of l:ylt KjfMof oflGqso\ e/ k/] h'O woftMu' v" Gx\oygfM #^% Gx' ts cKjM go]u'ln+ ofgfM x] hl6n hl6n sy+ofu' Njr+ sofM dg"to\t b'Mv h'Ou' vM woftMu' b' . yf+}sGxo\ofDx :jfdL k/dx+; of]ufgGb+ wofbLu' v" Gx\oygfM – pRr /Qmrfk -hypertension_ nl5of b'g], slAhot lgGx' :jGx'of b'g], lrlg Njo\ 5jfM lg;+] afMl5of b'g], SofG;/ nl5 j :j"of 6LaL :jnf Konf+ x] Yj …hn lrlsT;f kålt+Ú n+sf5\jMu' cg'ej psL Gx\oygftMu' b' .

y'ln dl5 Njo\ dWo] lhtM sofRj+u' 5u'ln+ 5u" hs Njo\ b' – j vM lrlg Njo\ -8fo\a]l6h_ . t/ lhtM Rjo\ Rjoftofy+] afMl5+ lrlg lgoGq0fo\ wfM;f djM . nTof+ dNofs dfn . zfob lhtM Yj Njr+ sofRj+u' gLb+ dNofo] w'+s"u'ln+ hs+ vMnf < t/ Yj ljlw k|of]u ofMDx 5Dx dg"of v" Gx\ygftMu'nL j+ :jnf ts Yj ljlw k|of]u ofo] w'+sfM ltlg yM Uo;' nfgfjMu' v" sgftMu' b' .

Yj lrlsT;f k4ltof ljlw g+ t;s+ cMk'

!_ Tjg]u' nM ;kmf h'OdfM . ;kmf dh"u' cj:yfo\ axgL bfo]sfM sGxo\s'Gx' Tjg]dfM .

@_ bg];ft+ x] ;'yo\ VjfM, Dx't', jf, ldvf ts+ dlkp;+] -Yj t;s+ dxTjk"0f{ _ 5y+' x] !@^) ;L=;L= nM Tjg]dfM . yy] nM Tjg] w'+sfM $% ldg]6 tsof b'g] 5'+ x] go] Tjg] dlhp .

5y'+ !@^) ;L=;L= nM Tjg] dkmOu' cj:yfo\ Gxfkf Tjg] kmSj cKjM nM Tjg] w'+sfM knv j x] yf;o\ n'O{+ y'O{+ h'ofM ! ldg]6 Ujf/ft'n] w'+sfM No+ b'u' km's+ nM Tjgf 5\jo]u' . h'O dkm'lk+;+ bgfM jf Ïot'gfM Kjf kfv+] ;f;M NxfgfM No+ b'u' Tjgf 5\jo]u' .

#_ 5Gx' lgGx' ts psy+ nM Tjg] w+'sfM 3f}l5 –-! 306f_ of b'g] :jSjM KoSjM ts lk;fa h'Okm' . t/ Yj :jGx' KoGx' lnkf x] ;fdfGo h'ofjgL .

$_ cfy{/fOl6; -;fM dgfjOu'_ j afy h'of Rj+lk+;+ 5jfM ts Yj nM ljlw lGx+ :jsM ts ;]jg ofo]dfM cg+ lnkf lGx+ 5sM hs ofo]u' .

%_ Yj k4lt÷ljlw ;]jg ofo] w'+sfM, go]u' go] w'+sfM lg3f} lnkf hs nM Tjg]dfM .

^_ Bg] Gx\oM a]ln ofo] w'+sfM 5'+ x] kbfy{ go]u', Tjg]u' ofo] dlhp .

Yj k4lt t;s+ ;/n, vr{ dh'Ou' j ch" rfofk's x] k|efjsf/L h" . Yj ljlw lh+ k|of]ufTds 9+u+ k|of]u nf ofgf . t/ yDx+ gofRjgfu' jf;M g+ ‰jfQ 5y'+ dTjMtf, ;'wf/ h'ofjM ln;], by'O by'O TjMt]u', xfg+ go]u' ofgf o+sfu' vM .

nM yDx+ Dxl;pu' Jojxf/ ofgfRjgfu' h'Ou'ln+ ahf/of jf;Moft l;a+] cKjM ljZjf; ofo] km' .

k|of]ufTds ?k+ Yj ljlw 5\onfM :jfYo nfe ofgfM vr{+ aro\ h'Ou' :joflb;" .

plrt tl/sf+ nM Tjg]u'ln+ z/L/ :jR5 ofO, y'ls+ cftfk'lt e'ms'oft k|efjsf/L ofO, y'lsof On]ifdnLo kqoft ;lqmo ofO, u'ls+ ofgfM emL;+ go]u' g;f, Tj";f+ tof/ h'Ou' tfhf lx+ /f]u, kL8f n+sf5\jofM p;f"o\of k'g:yf{kgf ofO .

uDeL/ dfg >]i7

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