sf7df08f}+ a}zfv !^ @)%*

ljrf/÷ljZn]if0f

PsLs[t ljsf; ;'/Iff of]hgf

!= cf}lrTo

b]zsf s]xL e"–efux¿df dfcf]jfbL hgo'4sf gfddf ;~rflnt lx+;fTds ultljlwsf sf/0f tL If]qx¿df ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt hl6n / ;Dj]bgzLn x'"b}uPsf] 5 . lx+;fTds / cft+sjfbL ultljlwsf] lg/Gt/tfn] ubf{ ljsf; lgdf{0f, pTkfbg / /f]huf/Lsf cj;/df uDeL/ / k|lts"n k|efj kb}{uPsf] 5 . o;} klg cK7\of/f] ef}uf]lns agf]6sf sf/0f ef}lts / ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/ k'Ug g;s]sf, dfgjLo ljsf; ;"rf+sdf tNnf] ;"rLdf /x]sf b]zsf clwsf+z kxf8L lhNnfx¿df zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{ t}gfy k|x/LzlQm / ;+/rgf cfkm\gf] k'/ftg 9f“rf, Go"g ;+VofTds l:ylt, ckof{Kt ;'ljwf / tflndsf sf/0f ;'lgof]lht cft+sjfbL cfqmd0fnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ sl7gtd\ cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . cft+sjfbL lqmofsnfksf sf/0f wghgsf] Jofks Iflt, ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] gf]S;fgL / ckx/0f dfq eO/x]sf] 5}g, ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{df cj/f]w pTkGg eO{ ul/jL, a]/f]huf/Lsf] lj:tf/ klg eO/x]sf] 5 . To;}n] lx";f / cft+ssf sf/0f ;+j}wflgs / sfg'gL clwsf/x¿sf] lgjf{w pkof]udf pTkGg ePsf] cj/f]wnfO{ x6fO{ zflGt ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt / ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{nfO{ cl3 a9fpg tL If]qx¿df ;'/Iff / ljsf;sf] PsLs[t sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 .

@= p2]Zo M

-s_ cft+saf6 k|efljt lhNnfdf hgtfnfO{ zflGt ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt ug]{ . ;/sf/ / ;/sf/L ;]jf k'¥ofpg] lgsfox¿af6 ;'/Iff, lgikIf Gofo / ;]jf k'¥ofO{ ;/sf/ / ;/sf/L lgsfok|lt hgljZjf; k|j4{g ug]{ .

-v_ oL lhNnfx¿df cfly{s–;fdflhs k"jf{wf/x¿sf] lgdf{0fdf tLa|tf Nofpg] . ljsf;–lgdf{0fsf sfd tyf ;fdflhs / /fhgLlts lgsfox¿df lhNnfsf hgtfsf] cu|;/tf / ;xeflutf a9fO{ ul/aL / a]/f]huf/L ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ub}{ n}hfg] .

-u_ lhNnfx¿df ljleGg hflt / ju{x¿sfaLr cfk;L Pstf, d]nldnfk, ljZjf; / ;lxi0f'tf a9fO{ /fli6«o d"nwf/ / lrGtgdf ;dflxt x'g] /fhgLlts–cfly{s–;fdflhs–;f+:s[lts / dgf]j}1flgs kl/l:yltsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ .

-3_ b]zsf] Pstf / cv08tfsf] /Iffsf nflu lx+;fTds / cft+sjfbL ultljlw Tofu ug{ tyf jt{dfg ;+j}wflgs ;+/rgfleq zflGtk"0f{ ;xeflutfnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{ .

#= ;d:of, sf/s tTjx¿ / /0fgLlt

ljut s]xL jif{otfb]lv dfcf]jfbL hgo'4sf gfddf ;~rflnt lx+;fTds ultljlw a9\b} uPsf] 5 . o;af6 d'n'ssf] ljsf; Pj+ hgtfsf] Ho"wgsf] ;'/Iffdf k|lts"n k|efj k/]sf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbLåf/f l;lh{t lx+;f, xTof / cft+ssf lqmofsnfkaf6 k|efljt lhNnfx¿sf ;j{;fwf/0f gful/s cft+lst eO{ cfkm\gf] ufp“3/ kl/Tofu u/L cf>o:yn / /f]huf/Lsf] vf]hLdf lhNnf ;b/d'sfd Pj+ cGo lhNnfsf ;fy} sf7df8f}+ / d'n'saflx/;d]t uPsf 5g\ . lhNnf 5f8\g g;Sg]x¿n] cft+ssf/Lx¿sf] bafadf k/L pgLx¿nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ ;d]t afWo ePsf 5g\ .

dfcf]jfbLsf] gfddf b]lvPsf] cft+sjfbsf] of] ;d:of / o;sf ljutsf r/0fx¿nfO{ uDeL/tfk"j{s x]bf{ ;+;f/sf cGo efux¿df b]vfk/]sf cft+sjfbL ultljlw;“u d]n vfg] b]lvPsf] 5 . o;af6 d'n'sleq dfcf]jfbL cft+sjfbn] ckgfpg ;Sg] cfufdL r/0fx¿ :ki6 ePsf] 5 . o; kl/k|]Iodf lx+;fTds ultljlwsf cfufdL r/0fx¿nfO{ lg?T;flxt u/L hgtfsf] hLpwgsf] ;'/Iff ub}{ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{qmdx¿ sfof{Gjogdf NofO{ hgtfnfO{ ;/n Gofo Pj+ ljsf;sf] k|ltkmn k'¥ofpg' k/]sf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbL cft+saf6 k|efljt clwsf+z lhNnfx¿ ef}uf]lns b[li6sf]0fn] Hofb} ljs6 Pj+ ljsf;sf] :t/ Hofb} Go"g cj:yfdf 5g\ . clwsf+z lhNnfx¿df ;8s k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g eg] lzIff, vfg]kfgL, :jf:Yo h:tf sfo{qmdx¿af6 hgtf vf;} nfeflGjt x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . s[lif sfo{qmd, l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf Pj+ cGo cfo cfh{g sfo{qmdsf] cefjdf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] cfo:t/ Go"g /xL hgtf ul/aLsf] df/df k/]sf 5g\ . ;fdflhs ljs[lt / zf]if0f oBlk JofKt /x]sf] 5 eg] hgtfn] Gofo Pj+ ;/sf/åf/f k|bQ cGo ;]jfx¿ ;/n / ;xh ?kdf k|fKt ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

/fhgLlts p2]Zo /fv]/ lx+;fTds ?kdf rnfOPsf] of] slyt hgo'4 lj:tf/ x'"b} hfg'df Psflt/ hg;fdfGosf] eou|:t dfgl;stf / ;'/Iff k|zf;gsf] ck|efjsfl/tf tyf csf]{lt/ ;fdflhs, cfly{s c;dfgtfsf sf/0f a9\g yfn]sf] c;Gtf]if lhDd]jf/ b]lvG5 . ljBdfg ;fdflhs, cfly{s k|0ffnL / ;+/rgfsf q'l6x¿nfO{ cfsif{s gf/fsf ?kdf pkof]u u/L dfcf]jfbLx¿n] cfkm\gf] lx+;fTds dfu{df pmhf{ yk ug]{ k|of; u/]sf 5g\ .

cft+saf6 a9L k|efljt lhNnfx¿sf] kl/l:ylt s]nfp“bf lgDg sf/0fx¿n] klg of] ;d:ofnfO{ hl6n agfpg e"ldsf v]n]sf] b]lvG5 .

l :yfgLo 6f7faf7fn] lgd'vf / pTkLl8t ;d"xnfO{ lgs} lyrf]ldrf] u/L ;fwg / ;|f]tdf pgLx¿sf] kx'"r sfod ug]{ df}sfaf6 jl~rt u/fpg'sf] ;fy} zf]if0f ug]{ u/]sf],

l lzIff, :jf:Yoh:tf dfgjLo cfwf/e"t cfjZostf Go"gtd ePsf oL e]usf hgtfsf] dfgjLo ;"rf+ssf] :t/ lgs} Go"g ePsf],

l j}slNks /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x¿ pknAw gePsf sf/0f o'jf ;d'bfodf lg/fzf k}bf ePsf],

l hgsNof0fsf nflu ;dlk{t x'g] k|efjsf/L /fhgLlts g]t[Tjsf] cefj ePsf], ;/sf/L lgsfosf] k|efjsf/L pkl:ylt x'g g;s]sf] Pj+ Gofo ;/n / ;xh gePsf],

l ljsf;–lgdf{0f Pj+ sNof0fsf/L sfo{qmdx¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf] cefjsf sf/0f o;e]usf hgtf ljsf;sf] d"nwf/af6 k5fl8 k/]sf],

l rln/x]sf ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿n] :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ kl/rflnt ug{ g;Sg' Pj+ hg;xeflutfdf ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng gx'g' .

pk/f]Qm sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ e8\sfpg / cfkm\gf] kIfdf ;d]t cfsif{0f ug{ dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ ;xh x'g ;s]sf] cfefif ldNb5 . t;y{ k|efljt If]qsf hgtfnfO{ /fli6«o ;fdflhs cfly{s d"nwf/df ;d]6\g lgDg /0fgLlt ckgfpg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

-s_ k|efljt If]qdf ;j{;fwf/0fdf ;/sf/sf] bl/nf] pkl:ylt af]w u/fpg cljnDa b/aGbL cg'?k sd{rf/Lx¿sf] Joj:yf Pj+ cfjZos clwsf/sf] k|Tofof]hg ug]{,

-v_ dfcf]jfbL cft+saf6 ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ hf]ufO{ zflGt ;'/Iffsf] cg'e"lt lbnfpg Pj+ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x¿nfO{ ;'rf? ?kn] ;~rfng ug]{ jftfj/0f agfpg cljnDa cfjZos ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf ug]{,

-u_ Gofo Joj:yf ;/n / ;xh agfpg cfjZos Joj:yf ug]{,

-3_ k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf sfo{qmd nufot lzIff, :jf:Yo, vfg]kfgL, ;fgf l;+rfO{, s[lif, jg, hl8a'6L nufot ul/aL lgjf/0f / cfocfh{gsf sfo{qmdx¿

Jofks?kdf nuL j}slNks /f]huf/ pknAw u/fpg cfjZos Joj:yf ug]{,

-ª_ ;'/Iff / ljsf;sf sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ PsLs[t?kdf sfof{Gjog ug]{ cfjZos ;+of]hg Pj+ cg'udg / d"Nof+sgsf nflu lhNnf:t/, If]qLo:t/ / s]Gb|Lo:t/df cfjZos ;+:yfut Joj:yf ug]{,

-r_ sfg'gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ff cg'?k ;a} hgtfsf] hLpwgsf] ;'/Iff ug,]{ ;a}nfO{ ;/n Gofo Pj+ k|ltkmn k'¥ofpg] Joj:yf ug]{, /

-5_ PsLs[t sf]if Joj:yfkg gLlt cg'?k sfo{ ubf{ k|hftflGqs k|lqmof, kf/bzL{ Jojxf/, hgpQ/bfloTj / cfly{s P]g, lgodsf] k"j{ kfngf ug]{ .

$= ;'/Iff / ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ PsLs[t?kdf sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu ;+nUg x'g] s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo / lhNnf:t/df cfjZos kg]{ k"jf{wf/x¿ tof/ u/]/ of]hgf nfu" ul/g] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .

sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog Joj:yf

!= k|zf;lgs Joj:yf

-s_ sfo{qmd ;+of]hg, lgb]{zg Pj+ cg'udg Joj:yf

-i_ s]Gb|Lo :t/ M

PsLs[t ;'/Iff / ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ ;+of]hg ug{, cfjZos Joj:yf nufot cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sg ug{ s]Gb|df Ps pRr:t/Lo ;ldltsf ;fy} cGo pk;ldltx¿sf] u7g cfjZos 5 . t;y{ s]Gb|Lo:t/df ;'/Iff / ljsf;sf PsLs[t sfo{x¿nfO{ cfjZos ;+of]hg, gLlt lgb]{zg lbg ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqLHo"sf] cWoIftfdf u7g x'g] …cfGtl/s ;'/Iff ljsf; ;ldltÚsf] u7g ljlw lgDgfg';f/ 5 .

cfGtl/s ;'/Iff Pj+ ljsf; ;ldltM

;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqL cWoIf
df= pkk|wfgdGqL ;b:o
df= u[xdGqL ;b:o
df= /IffdGqL ;b:o
df= k//fi6«dGqL ;b:o
df= cy{dGqL ;b:o
df= ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL ;b:o
df= :yfgLo ljsf;dGqL ;b:o
pkfWoIf /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u ;b:o
k|wfg;]gfklt, zfxL g]kfnL
h+uL c8\8f ;b:o
d'Vo ;lrj ;b:o ;lrj

– ;ldltn] cfjZos 7fg]df s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ ;ldltsf] a}7sdf cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

– o; ;ldltn] PsLs[t ;'/Iff / ljsf; of]hgf :jLs[t ug]{, sfof{Gjog Joj:yf :jLs[t ug]{, lgb]{zg lbg] tyf cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ug]{5 .

– sfg'gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ff cg'?k ;a} hgtfsf] hLpwgsf] ;'/Iff ug]{, ;a}nfO{ ;/n Gofo Pj+ ljsf;sf] k|ltkmn k'¥ofpg] . PsLs[t sf]if Joj:yfkg gLlt cg'?k sfo{ ubf{ k|hftflGqs k|lqmof, kf/bzL{ Jojxf/, hgpQ/bfloTj / cfly{s P]g, lgodsf] k"0f{ kfngf ug]{, u/fpg] .

– ;ldltsf] a}7s ;fwf/0ftofM dlxgfsf] Psk6s a:g]5 . t/, cfjZos k/] a9L k6s klg a:g ;Sg]5 .

cfGtl/s ;'/Iff Pj+ ljsf; ;ldlt cGtu{t lgDgfg';f/sf $ j6f pk;ldltx¿sf] u7g x'g]5 M

-s_ /fhg}lts pk;ldlt
-v_ k|rf/ k|;f/ pk;ldlt
-u_ PsLs[t ljsf; sfo{qmd Joj:yf Pj+ ;dGjo pk;ldlt /
-3_ ;'/Iff Joj:yf pk;ldlt .

-s_ /fhg}lts pk;ldlt M

– PsLs[t cfGtl/s ;'/Iff tyf ljsf; sfo{qmdsf lglDt ljleGg /fhg}lts bnx¿ / gful/s ;dfhsf] Jofks /fhg}lts ;xof]u / ;dy{g kl/rfng ug]{ p2]Zon] /fhg}lts pk;ldltsf] u7g x'g]5 .

– ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf dfWodaf6 d'n'ssf] Pstf / /fli6«o cv08tfsf] k|a4{g ug{ Pj+ zflGtk"0f{ / ;+j}wflgs af6f]af6 ljsf; / ;'/Iffsf lglDt lqmofzLn /xg] /fhg}lts c7f]6 / k|ltj4tfsf nflu pk;ldltn] ;Djfb / ;xdltsf] jftfj/0f agfpg] .

– s]Gb|Lo:t/df sfod x'g] /fhg}lts ;xdlt If]q / lhNnfdf lj:tfl/t ul/g]5 .

-v_ k|rf/k|;f/ pk;ldltM

cfGtl/s ;'/Iff / ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|efjsfl/tf clej[l4 ug{ a'l4hLjL, ;~rf/sdL{ Pj+ gful/s ;dfhsf] ;xof]u kl/rfng ug]{ p2]Zon] k|rf/k|;f/ pk;ldltsf] u7g x'g]5 .

– lx+;f / cft+saf6 d'n'ssf] ;+j}wflgs / ;fdflhs ;+/rgf dfq xf]Og, /fli6«o ;'/Iff / cv08tfdf;d]t kg{;Sg] k|lts"n k|ToIf–ck|ToIf / dgf]j}1flgs k|efjnfO{ Go"g ug{ ;zQm j}rfl/s cfGbf]ngnfO{ cl3 a9fpg pk;ldltn] ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd, n]v, /rgf, ;dfrf/ ljZn]if0f, ;ef–;]ldgf/, uf]i7L, ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 ;"rgf / ljrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0fnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{5 .

– k|efjsf/L Information Network sf] :yfkgf ug{, ;dfrf/ ;+sng / ljZn]if0f ug{ tyf c;+j}wflgs ultljlw / cft+s dRrfpg] k|of;nfO{ j}rfl/s / dgf]j}1flgs?kn] lg?T;flxt ug]{ sfo{ pk;ldltn] ug]{5 .

– If]qLo / lhNnf:t/Lo k|rf/k|;f/ ;ldltnfO{ ;dGjo sfod u/L kl/rfng ug]{5 .

-u_ PsLs[t ljsf; sfo{qmd Joj:yf Pj+ ;dGjo pk;ldltM

of] pk;ldltn] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{qmdx¿ th'{df ug]{, kl/dfh{g Pj+ ;+zf]wg ug]{, ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] Joj:yf ug]{, ;'/Iff / ljsf; sfo{qmd PsLs[t u/L sfof{Gjogsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] Pj+ cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ug]{5 .

– o; pk;ldltn] cfjlws?kdf cfkm\gf] k|ltj]bg ;ldlt;dIf k]z ug]{5 . o;sf] ;lrjfno /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]udf /xg]5 .

-3_ ;'/Iff Joj:yf pk;ldltM

o; pk;ldltn] sfo{qmdsf nflu 5gf]6 ePsf lhNnfx¿df cfGtl/s PsLs[t ;'/Iff / ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ sfo{?k k|bfg ug{ cfjZos ;'/Iff Joj:yf ldnfpg sfo{qmdsf] th'{df, sfof{Gjog Pj+ cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ug]{5 .

-ª_ If]qLo:t/ M

;'/Iff lgsfox¿aLr ;dGjo sfod ug{ ;dembf/L a9fpg / zflGt ;'/Iffsf] sfo{ ;+of]hg Pj+ cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ug{ u[xdGqfno cGtu{t If]qLo k|zf;g sfof{no /xg]5 eg] csf]{tkm{ ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;+of]hg Pj+ cg'udg / d"Nof+sg /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf] If]qLo sfof{non] ug]{5 . o;sf] k|d'v /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLsf] clws[t x'g]5 . o; sfo{nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg tTsfn u[xdGqfno cGtu{t If]qLo sfof{nosf] :yfkgf u/L ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf ;+of]hg Pj+ PsLs[t ul/g]5 . ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;+of]hg / PsLs[t?kdf sfof{Gjog ug{ Pj+ cg'udg ug{ /f=of]=cf=sf] If]qLo sfof{nonfO{ tbg'?k clVtof/L k|bfg ul/g]5 .

o; sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjog;“u} >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ljleGg dGqfnox¿n] cf–cfkm\gf If]qLo sfof{nox¿ ;'b[9 u/L zflGt ;'/Iff Pj+ ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{sf nflu cfjZos clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg u/L If]qLo:t/df sfo{qmd ;+of]hg / cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sgsf] lhDdf lbOg]5 . cfufdL cf=j=b]lv If]qLo:t/df ;~rfng ul/g] sfo{qmd If]qLo sfof{nox¿af6 ;+of]hg eO{ cfpg] Joj:yf ug{ cfjZos sd{rf/Lsf] kbk"lt{sf cnfjf clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ul/g]5 .

sfg'gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ff cg'?k ;a} hgtfsf] hLpwgsf] ;'/Iff ug]{, ;a}nfO{ ;/n Gofo Pj+ ljsf;sf] k|ltkmn k'¥ofpg] . PsLs[t sf]if Joj:yfkg gLlt cg'?k sfo{ ubf{ k|hftflGqs k|lqmof, kf/bzL{ Jojxf/, hgpQ/bfloTj / cfly{s P]g lgodsf] k"0f{ kfngf ug]{, u/fpg] .

-r_ lhNnf:t/ M

lhNnf:t/df PsLs[t ;'/Iff ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] ;+of]hg, sfof{Gjog Joj:yf Pj+ cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ug{ k|lhcnfO{ lhDd]jf/ agfOg]5 . k|lhcnfO{ lhNnfdf ;a} lgsfonfO{ ;+of]hg Pj+ kl/rfng ug{ cfjZos clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ul/g]5 .

cfkm\gf] lhNnfdf sfo{/t ljleGg sfof{nox¿sf clws[t sd{rf/Lx¿sf] sfdsf] k|s[ltcg';f/ lgu/fgL /fVg], sfddf pgLx¿nfO{ pTk|]l/t ug]{ cleef/f ;d]t k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ ;'lDkOg]5 . s'g} klg sd{rf/L lglb{i6 sfof{nodf vl6P/ cfPkl5 sfg'g adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] cjlw;Dd Toxf“af6 ;?jf gug]{ / To;kl5 tf]lsPsf] cjlw lat]kl5 Tof]eGbf ;'ud :yfgdf ;?jf x'g], sfdsf] oyfy{ d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/df p;sf] kbf]Gglt x'g], ljb]zdf jf :jb]zdf k|lzIf0fsf] cj;/ kfpg] h:tf ;+oGq kf/bzL{?kdf ;a}nfO{ cjut u/fOg]5 . /fhg}lts bafadf s'g} klg sd{rf/Lsf] ;?jf, a9'jf, ljb]zdf k|lzIf0f jf cWoogsf] cj;/ pknAw x'g] 5}g eGg] k|Tofe"lt k|bfg u/L :j:y k|zf;goGqsf] ljsf;åf/f cfkm\gf] sfdk|lt ;dk{0fefjn] sd{rf/L hfu?s /xg] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ul/g]5 . sd{rf/Lsf] s'zntf / Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df p;sf] pGglt x'G5 eGg] kf/bzL{ lgod, sfg'g ldRg] Jojxf/ / bjfjsf] cGTo ul/g]5 . cs'zn, e|i6 tyf cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/Lk|lt hfu?s gx'g] sd{rf/LnfO{ lhDd]jf/Laf6 cnUofpg cfjZos Joj:yf ul/g]5 . k|lhcsf] :jLs[ltljgf s'g} klg sd{rf/Ln] lhNnf 5f]8\g kfOg]5}g .

sfg'gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ff cg'?k ;a} hgtfsf] hLpwgsf] ;'/Iff ug]{, ;a}nfO{ ;/n Gofo Pj+ ljsf;sf] k|ltkmn k'¥ofpg] . PsLs[t sf]if Joj:yfkg gLlt cg'?k sfo{ ubf{ k|hftflGqs k|lqmof, kf/bzL{ Jojxf/, hgpQ/bfloTj / cfly{s P]g, lgodsf] k"0f{ kfngf ug]{, u/fpg] .

-v_ ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt M

b]zsf] ;fdflhs cfly{s ?kfGt/ k|lqmofdf ;dlk{tefjn] ljleGg ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿df ;xefuL eO/x]sf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] lgsfox¿, lghLIf]qsf pBdL, Jofkf/L tyf ljljw cfly{s lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg JolQmx¿, :yfgLo, /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿, s[ifsx¿ tyf 3/kl/jf/x¿ ;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf] If]qdf lgle{s?kdf sfd ug{ kfpg] tyf /fli6«o ljsf;sf] d"n wf/df ;xh?kdf ;dflxt x'g kfpg] k|Tofe"ltsf] lgldQ ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg' ckl/xfo{ x'G5 . t;y{ pko'{Qm lhNnfx¿df ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df ;+nUg ;a}df ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt tTsfn k|bfg ug'{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 . ;'/Iffsf] PsLs[t Joj:yf Pj+ o;sf] cg'udg Joj:yf ;+nUg k|ltj]bgdf k|:tfljt ul/Psf] 5 . of] Joj:yf tTsfn nfu" ul/g]5 . o;af6 ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x¿ ;'rf??kn] ;~rfng ug{ d2t k'Ug]5 .

-u_ k|rf/k|;f/ M

cft+s k|efljt If]qsf hgtfnfO{ hLjgofkg ug{ k/]sf] sl7gfO{, pgLx¿n] ef]u]sf ;d:ofx¿ tyf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] u/]sf] Hofblt / cTofrf/ ;DaGwdf :jb]zL tyf ljb]zLx¿nfO{ :ki6 hfgsf/L x'g' lgtfGt cfjZos 5 . oyfy{ l:yltsf] 1fgsf] cefjn] cGof]n / c/fhstfsf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug]{ dfq geO{ cg]s lsl;dsf c8snafhL ug]{ / p2]ZoxLg, cy{xLg sfddf ;do gi6 x'G5 . t;y{ o; ;DaGwdf ;/sf/n] k|rf/k|;f/ sfo{nfO{ lj:tf/ u/L oyfy{l:yltsf] hfgsf/L k|bfg u/L hgtfnfO{ ;';"lrt u/fOg]5 .

k|rf/k|;f/sf] csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ kIf klg 5, Tof] xf] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of lg/fs/0f ug]{tkm{ ;/sf/n] rfn]sf sbd / sfo{qmdx¿ . ljutsf jif{x¿b]lv ;/sf/n] o; ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ lgs} kxn u/]sf] 5 . o; ljifonfO{ ;Lldt JolQmx¿n] dfq yfxf kfP/ k'Ub}g . ;/sf/n] ckgfPsf sbdx¿ / sfo{qmdx¿ kf/bzL{?kdf ;a}sf] ;fd' k|:t't x'g ;s] tL sfo{qmdx¿df hg;xeflutf ;d]t j[l4 eO{ sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsfl/tfdf yk 6]jf k'Ug;Sg] x'G5 . ;Lwf;fwf hgtfn] ;xh?kdf a'em\g ;Sg] tl/sfn] >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 eP u/]sf sfo{x¿ :yfgLo:t/df k'¥ofpg klg Tolts} h?/L x'G5 . ;/sf/n] ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdx¿sf] th'{df u/L To;sf] dfWodaf6 klg cfkm"n] u/]sf k|of;af/] hgtfnfO{ oyfy{k/s?kdf ;';"lrt ug'{ cfjZos x'G5 . pko'{Qm k|sf/sf k|rf/k|;f/ sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ PsLs[t?kdf cufl8 a9fpg cfjZos Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

-3_ cfk"lt{ Joj:yfdf ;'wf/ / dx+uL lgoGq0f M

:yfgLo hgtfnfO{ vfBfGg, g"g, lrgL, d§Lt]n, dnvfb cflb cTofjZos j:t'x¿sf] cfk"lt{, ;xh u/fpg] tyf tL j:t'x¿sf] hyfefjL d"Nodf lgoGq0f ul/g]5 . lhNnf:t/df of] Joj:yf k|lhcsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ug]{ / o; sfo{df ;DalGwt dGqfno Pj+ s]Gb|Lo PsLs[t ljsf; sfo{qmd Joj:yf Pj+ ;dGjo pk;ldltn] ;xof]u ug]{5 .

-ª_ ;/n / ;xh Gofo Joj:yf M

PsLs[t sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf nflu 5gf]6 ul/Psf lhNnfx¿sf;fy} cGo u|fdL0f If]qsf cfdgful/sx¿n] >L % sf] ;/sf/åf/f k|bQ ;]jf, ;'ljwfsf cltl/Qm Gofo ;xh / ;/n?kdf k|fKt ug{, u/fpg cfjZos Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

@= ljsf; lgdf{0f;DaGwL sfo{qmd 5gf]6 / sfof{Gjog Joj:yf M

-s_ :yfgLo lgsfox¿sf] ;xeflutf tyf cfkm\gf]kgsf] efjgfM

:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]gdf ePsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ PsLs[t ;'/Iff / ljsf; sfo{qmd nfu" ug{ 5gf]6 ul/Psf lhNnfx¿df lhNnf:t/df ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] sfo{ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] ;xeflutfdf ul/g]5 .

:yfgLo:t/df ;~rfng ul/g] ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿sf] 5gf]6, sfof{Gjog Pj+ ;~rfng sfo{df :yfgLo JolQmx¿nfO{ ;xefuL agfO{ sfof{Gjog ubf{ cfof]hgfk|lt cfkm\gf] eGg] efjgfsf] ljsf; eO{ sd nfutdf t}of/ x'g] Pj+ ;~rfng ;/n eO{ >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] bfloTj;d]t sd x'g hfg] x'"bf oL lhNnfx¿df o:tf ;xeflutfTds sfo{qmdx¿df hf]8 lbOg]5 . o; qmddf xfn;Dd s]Gb|Lo:t/af6 ul/g] ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf ef}lts cfwf/zLnf lgdf{0f / ;~rfng h:tf sfo{qmdx¿ :yfgLo lgsfox¿nfO{ qmdzM x:tfGt/0f u/L lhDd]jf/L lbOg]5 . lhNnfdf ;~rflnt k|fylds tyf dfWolds ljBfnox¿, :jf:Yorf}sLx¿ nufot c:ktfnx¿ ;~rfng ug]{ bfloTj klg qmdzM lhNnf, :yfgLo lgsfox¿nfO{ ;'lDkg' cfjZos 5 . o;afx]s ;fgf l;+rfO{ / vfg]kfgL sfo{qmd, s[lif k|;f/ Pj+ Veterinary Services cflb klg qmdzM :yfgLo:t/df x:tfGt/0f ug{ pko'Qm x'g] b]lvG5 .

:yfgLo :t/af6 g} s[lif k|;f/ sfo{qmdx¿sf] ;~rfng / /]vb]v eof] eg] s[lif k|;f/ sfo{qmdaf6 ;DalGwt s[ifsx¿ nfeflGjt eP gePsf] lg/LIf0f x'gfsf ;fy} :yfgLo txdf b]lvPsf ;d:ofsf] lg?k0f ;d]t :yfgLo lgsfon] g} ug]{ x'"bf o:tf sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|efjsfl/tfdf j[l4 x'g] s'/fdf ljZjf; ug{ ;lsG5 .

To:t} ;fgf vfnsf vfg]kfgL / l;+rfO{ cfof]hgfsf] 5gf]6, th'{df, ;~rfng tyf kfgLsf] af“8kmf“8, :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ k|ToIf kmfObf k'¥ofpg] ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df hg;xeflutf a9fpg] / tL sfo{sf] ;kmn sfof{Gjog Pj+ ;~rfng u/fpg pQ/bfoL agfOg]5 . o;f] ePdf sfo{qmd hgrf;f]sf] ljifo aGg k'Ub5 / sd nfutdf a9L k|ltkmn lbg] aGg k'Ub5 . t;y{ o:tf sfo{qmdx¿df hg;xeflutfdf clej[l4 ul/g]5 .

-v_ ljsf; sfo{qmd M

:yfgLo hgtfnfO{ k|ToIf kmfObf k'¥ofpgsf] lglDt tTsfnLg, dWosfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ff cg'?k k|efljt If]qdf lgDg adf]lhdsf sfo{qmdx¿sf] th'{df / sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .

l ;8s, af6f]h:tf k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fåf/f lhNnfsf] ljsf;df k|ToIf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg ;f] sf] lgdf{0fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg],

l s[lif pTkfbsTj / pTkfbgdf ;3fp k'¥ofpg] u/L :yfgLo txdf ;fgf l;+rfO{sf] Joj:yf ug]{,

l k|fylds tyf Jofj;flos lzIff k|;f/ / ;~rfngdf hf]8 lbg],

l k|fylds :jf:Yof]krf/ ;a}n] ;xh?kdf kfpg] u/L :jf:Yorf}sL / cf}iflwsf] Joj:yf :yfgLo:t/af6 ;~rfng ug]{,

l vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{df lj:tf/ ug{ :yfgLo ;d'bfonfO{ ;xefuL agfpg] .

l s[lif If]qtkm{–

– kz'kfng, kmnkm"n v]tL, pGgt hftsf aLpm lahgsf] pknlAw ug{;Sg] u/L sfo{qmd to ug]{,

– :yfgLo:t/df ljleGg vfnsf s[lif;“u ;DalGwt pGgt lahg pTkfbg u/L s[ifsnfO{ cfTdlge{/ u/fpg],

– ;fy} :yfgLo:t/df pknAw x'g] hl8a'6LnfO{ Jofkfl/s b[li6sf]0fn] kmnbfoL s[lif k]zfsf]?kdf Jojl:yt ug]{ .

-u_ sfdsf] nflu vfBfGg M

uDeL/?kdf ;Dj]bgzLn ;"rLdf juL{s[t ?s'd, /f]Nkf, hfh/sf]6, ;Nofg, sflnsf]6, Ko"7fg / uf]vf{ lhNnfx¿df k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f sfo{qmdnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg Pj+ vfBfGgsf] ;'/Iff Joj:yfnfO{ 6]jf lbg] …sfdsf] nflu vfBfGgÚ sfo{qmd tTsfn ;'? ul/g]5 . o;k|sf/sf] sfo{qmd ljutdf bft[;+:yf (WFP) af6 dfq ;~rflnt ePsf 5g\ t/ o:tf sfo{qmddf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] klg oL lhNnfx¿df gd"gfsf] ?kdf sfo{qmd to u/L ;~rfng ug'{kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . yk /f]huf/L / cfosf] Joj:yf cNksfnd} ug{ g;lsg] kl/k|]Iodf sfdsf] nflu vfBfGg sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePdf ul/a, lgd'vf hgtfsf] tTsfnsf] ;d:of xn x'gfsf] cltl/Qm ;8s / cGo cfwf/zLnf lgdf{0faf6 :yfgLo txdf k""hL lgdf{0f (capital formation) x'g uO{ eljiosf] lglDt ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] cfwf/ ;d]t km/flsnf] x'g hfg]5 . o; sfo{qmdaf6 pQm lhNnfx¿df vfB ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt ;'b[9 x'g hfg]5 . sfdsf] nflu vfBfGg vf;u/L k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f sfo{qmdsf] 5gf]6 u/L sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .

-3_ u}/;/sf/L If]q / :yfgLo hgtfsf] ;xeflutf M

u}/;/sf/L If]qx¿n] vf;u/L hgr]tgf clej[l4 Pj+ cfo cfh{gsf sfo{x¿ ;kmntf;fy ;~rfng u/L cfPsf] ;Gbe{df xfn ;'/Iffsf] sf/0f b]vfO{ sltko ;+:yfx¿n] cfkm\gf sfo{qmd aGb ul/;s]sf 5g\ . :yfgLo hgtfdf hgr]tgf clej[l4 ug'{sf ;fy} cfocfh{g ;d]t x'g ;Sg] x'"bf oL lhNnfx¿df ;'?df >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ;|f]t / ;fwg k|of]u u/L :yfgLo:t/sf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿dfkm{t\ o:tf sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/L /fli6«o:t/sf o:tf ;+:yfx¿nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 . ;fy}, k|To]s ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df hg;xeflutf clej[l4 ug{ cfjZos Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

-ª_ ul/aL lgjf/0f sfo{qmd M

ul/a;“u ljZj]Zj/, dlxnf hfu[lt Pj+ ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifåf/f ;~rfng ul/g] sfo{qmdx¿df gbf]xf]l/g] u/L uflj;x¿sf] 5gf]6 u/L sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . o; sfo{qmdsf nflu log} lhNnfx¿af6 ;fdflhs kl/rfngstf{x¿sf] 5gf]6 ul/g]5 . ul/aL lgjf/0f sfo{qmdx¿df yk 6]jf k'¥ofpg /fli6«o ;dGjo ;]jf sfo{qmd cfj4 ul/g]5 .

-r_ :j/f]huf/ tyf /f]huf/ k|a4{g sfo{qmd M

5gf]6 ul/Psf pk/f]Qm lhNnfx¿df o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t s[lif k|rf/ Pj+ e]6]g/L tflnd, dfOqmf] OG6/k|fOh tflnd / j}b]lzs /f]huf/ tflnd ;xof]u sfo{qmd nfu" ul/g]5 .

-5_ sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog M

sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog tLg r/0fdf ug'{ pko'Qm x'g]5 .

k|yd r/0fdf ;'/Iff Pj+ ;/sf/sf] k|Tofe"lt lbg k|:tfljt ;'/Iff Joj:yf nfu" ug]{ Pj+ ;d:ofu|:t ;a} lhNnfdf sd{rf/L v6fpg] . sd{rf/L v6fpg] sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt dGqfnon] lng] . ljsf; lgdf{0f Pj+ ul/aL lgjf/0f;DaGwL rfn" cf=j=sf] sfo{qmd nfu" ug]{ .

bf];|f] r/0fdf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf yk sfo{qmd klxrfg u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ / xfn ;~rflnt sfo{qmd ;DkGg ug]{ . s[lif, jg, hl8a'6L;DaGwL sfo{qmdsf cnfjf ul/aL lgjf/0f, dlxnf hfu/0f Pj+ lzIff, :jf:Yo, vfg]kfgL, ;fgf l;+rfO{ sfo{qmdx¿ :yfgLo lgsfo / hgtfsf] ;xeflutfdf ;DkGg ug]{ .

t];|f] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd cGtu{t ;d:ofu|:t lhNnfx¿nfO{ ljsf;sf] d"nwf/df ;dfj]z u/fpg bL3{sfnLg sfo{qmd th'{df u/L nfu" ug]{ .

-h_ sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ lhNnfx¿sf] 5gf]6 M

l k|yd r/0fsf sfo{qmd tn n]lvPsf @@ lhNnfdf tTsfn sfof{Gjog ug]{ .

-s_ /f]Nkf, ?s'd, ;Nofg, hfh/sf]6, sflnsf]6 .

-v_ Ko"7fg, uf]vf{, sfe|]knf~rf]s, /fd]5fk, ndh'ª, wflbª, 8f]Nkf, h'Dnf, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, l;Gw'nL, g'jfsf]6, b}n]v, afUn'ª, DofUbL, bf]nvf, tgx"" / c5fd .

l bf];|f] r/0fsf sfo{qmdx¿dWo] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f sfo{qmd ;Nofg, /f]Nkf, ?s'd, sflnsf]6, hfh/sf]6 , Ko"7fgdf nfu" ug]{ /

l uf]vf{ lhNnfdf gd'gf Pj+ cg'ejsf nflu ;a} r/0fsf sfo{qmd nfu" ug]{ . o;sf nflu yk sfo{qmd klxrfg ug]{ .

-em_ sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog r/0f M

k|:t't PsLs[t ;'/Iff / ljsf; sfo{qmd tLg r/0fdf sfof{Gjog ug'{ pko'Qm x'g] b]lvG5 .

-s_ klxnf] r/0fdf dfcf]jfbL cft+saf6 k|efljt ;a} lhNnfx¿df ;j{k|yd ;/sf/sf ;a} lgsfox¿sf] k|efjsf/L pkl:ylt / kl/rfngsf] k|Tofe"lt lbg' clgjfo{ b]lvPsf] 5 . of] k|Tofe"lt zflGt ;'/Iffsf] jftfj/0fdf ;'wf/ NofO{, Gofo Joj:yf ;/n / ;xh agfO{ Pj+ ;/sf/åf/f k|bQ cGo ;]jfx¿df hgtfsf] kx'"r a9fO{ k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] x'"bf o;sf nflu lgDg sbdx¿ rfNg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

-!_ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ lhNnfsf] zflGt ;'/Iff Pj+ ljsf; lgdf{0f nufot cGo ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;+of]hg, kl/rfng Pj+ lgoGq0fsf] clwsf/ k|bfg ug]{, -o;sf nflu u[xn] cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg]_, lghfdtL ;]jf lgodfjnLdf kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{, k|lhcnfO{ ;a} dGqfnon] ljefuLo k|d'vsf] clwsf/ ;'lDkg] .

-@_ k|To]s lhNnfdf b/aGbL cg';f/ sd{rf/L v6fpg] -o;sf] lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt dGqfnon] lng]_,

-#_ cw{Goflos Pj+ k|zf;lgs lgsfox¿af6 ;/n / ;xh?kdf ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ Gofo pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ug]{ .

-$_ ;j{;fwf/0f hgtf nufot sd{rf/L Pj+ ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df nfu]sf cGo ;a}sf] ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yfsf nflu cfjZos k|aGw ldnfpg], -o;sf nflu zfxL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L / cGo lgsfox¿n] Joj:yf ug]{_,

-%_ rfn" cf=j=sf] ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{qmdx¿ tTsfn nfu" ug{ ljlgof]lht ah]6 tTsfn lgsf;f lbg] Pj+ lgsf;f÷k'sf;fsf] Joj:yf ;/n agfpg] -cy{dGqfno Pj+ dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{non] cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg]_,

-^_ lhNnfut?kdf ljsf; lgdf{0f;DaGwL cfjZos sfo{qmd th'{df Pj+ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;+zf]wg u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{÷u/fpg] -/fli6«o of]hgf cfof]un] ;DalGwt dGqfnosf] ;xof]udf cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg]_ /

-&_ vfBfGg, g"g, lrgL, d§Lt]n, aLpm lahg / dnsf] cfk"lt{ Joj:yfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] -k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] dfucg';f/ u[xdGqfnon] ;DalGwt dGqfnosf] ;xof]udf Joj:yf ug]{_ .

-v_ bf];|f] r/0fdf zflGt ;'/Iffsf] Go"gtd k|Tofe"lt eO;s]sf lhNnfx¿df–

-!_ yk k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf sfo{qmdx¿ vf;u/L ;8s lgdf{0f ug]{ / ;~rflnt ;8s cfof]hgfx¿ ;DkGg ug]{ . o; qmddf /f]Nkf, ?s'd, ;Nofg, sflnsf]6 / hfh/sf]6df ;~rfngdf /x]sf ;8s lgdf{0fsf] l:yltnfO{ x]/L zfxL ;]gfnfO{ o; sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L ;'Dkg] . zfxL ;]gfn] :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ ;xefuL agfO{ Pj+ ;8s ljefu ;d]tsf] cfjZos ;xof]u lnO{ ;f] sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ . pQm lhNnfx¿df tTsfn ;'? ul/g] sfo{qmdx¿ cg';"lr …vÚ df lbOPsf] 5 . Ko"7fg lhNnfsf] yk sfo{qmd ! dlxgfleq tof/ u/L k]z ul/g]5 . -o;sf nflu /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]un] zfxL ;]gf / ;8s ljefu;“u s'/f u/L cfjZos Joj:yf ug]{_,

-@_ gof“ Strategic ;8sx¿sf] klxrfg u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ . -/f=of]=cf= / ;DalGwt lgsfo_

-#_ s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿ vf;u/L HYV vfBfGg, kmnkm"n, kz'k+IfL ljsf; lj:tf/ Pj+ ljpm lahg pTkfbg sfo{qmdnfO{ PsLs[t?kdf sfof{Gjog u/L cfufdL tLgb]lv kf“r jif{leq pQm lhNnfx¿nfO{ vfBfGgdf cfTdlge{/ Pj+ cGo pTkfbg cGo lhNnfx¿df lgsf;L ug]{ Joj:yf ug]{ . -s[lif dGqfno_,

-$_ jgtkm{ ;fd'bflos jg (Community Forestry) sf] lj:tf/ ug]{, hl8a'6L Plantation, ;+sng, e08f/0f / k|zf]wgsf nflu cfjZos PsLs[t tflnd k|bfg ug]{, cfjZostf cg';f/ k|zf]wgzfnf :yfkgf ug]{ / pTkflbt j:t'x¿ lsGg] k|Tofe"lt (Guarantee) ug]{ . -jg dGqfno / hl8a'6L k|zf]wg s]Gb|_,

-%_ ;fgf l;+rfO{, s'nf] s'n];f lgdf{0f / vfg]kfgL sfo{qmd hg;xeflutfaf6 :yfgLo txdf g} lgdf{0f ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] . -/f=of]=cf=n] ;DalGwt dGqfnosf] ;xof]udf ldnfpg]_,

-^_ z}lIfs:t/ Pj+ hgr]tgf clej[l4 sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ . k|fylds ljBfno ;~rfngsf] cleef/f ufp“ ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ lbg] . To:t} lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ dfWolds ljBfno;Dd ;~rfng ug]{ lhDdf qmdzM nufpg] . -lzIff dGqfno / ;"rgf Pj+ ;~rf/ dGqfno_,

-&_ ul/aL lgjf/0f, ;fgf C0f, dlxnf hfu[lt Pj+ ljz]if If]q ljsf; sfo{qmd :yfgLo ;fdflhs kl/rfngstf{af6 ;~rfng ug]{ . -/f=of]=cf=, :yfgLo ljsf; / afnaflnsf, dlxnf tyf ;dfhsNof0f dGqfno_,

-u_ t];|f] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd bL3{sfnLg b[li6sf]0faf6 tL If]qx¿nfO{ d'n'ssf] ljsf;sf] d"nwf/df Nofpg cfjZos cfly{s Pj+ ;fdflhs sfo{qmd th'{df u/L nfu" ug]{ .

-`_ ah]6 lgsf;f Joj:yf M

l rfn" jif{ uf]vf{ lhNnfdf gd"gfsf] ?kdf ljsf; lgdf{0f Pj+ ;'/Iffsf] sfo{qmdnfO{ PsLs[t?kdf nfg Pj+ cGo ^ lhNnfx¿ /f]Nkf, ?s'd, ;Nofg, sflnsf]6, hfh/sf]6 / Ko"7fgdf klxnf] Pj+ bf];|f] r/0fsf s]xL k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f;DaGwL sfo{qmdx¿ sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg sl/a ?= !% s/f]8sf] yk Joj:yf x'g cfjZos 5 . cfufdL jif{b]lv of] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ ?= @% b]lv ?= #) s/f]8sf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{5 . rfn" cf=j=df uf]vf{ lhNnfsf nflu $ s/f]8 (% nfv / cGo ^ lhNnfsf nflu @) s/f]8 $& nfv hDdf u/L ?= @% s/f]8 $@ nfv cfjZos kg]{5 .

l PsLs[t sf]if M s]xL ;d:ofu|:t lhNnfx¿df PsLs[t sf]if Joj:yfsf] dfWodaf6 hg;xeflutf h'6fO{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ dlGqkl/ifb\af6 xfn} dfq PsLs[t sf]if Joj:yfkg gLlt kfl/t eO;s]sf] kl/k|]Iodf o;} k|lqmofaf6 oL lhNnfx¿df lgsf;f÷k'sf;f nufot sfo{qmd ;~rfng ljlw ckgfpg] . sfd ub}{ hf“bf ;d:of b]lvPdf kl/dfh{g ug]{ .

l cfly{s P]gdf cfjZos ;'wf/ M lgsf;f÷k'sf;f Pj+ sfo{qmd ;+zf]wg cflb sfo{nfO{ ;/n agfpg cfjZostf cg';f/ cfly{s lgodfjnLdf ;'wf/ ug]{ . To:t} xfn ?= @% nfveGbf sd ljlgof]hg ePsf ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{qmdx¿ dfq hg;xeflutfaf6 ;~rfng eO{ cGo ;a} 7]Ssfk§faf6 dfq ;~rfng eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf cdfgtaf6 ;d]t ug{;Sg] Joj:yf ug]{ .

l PsLs[t sf]if Joj:yfkg gLlt M PsLs[t sf]if Joj:yfkg gLlt cg'?k sfo{ ubf{ k|hftflGqs k|lqmof, kf/bzL{ Jojxf/, hgpQ/bfloTj / cfly{s P]g, lgodsf] k"0f{ kfngf ug]{, u/fpg] .

-6_ cg'udg / d"Nof+sg Joj:yf M ;'/Iff / ljsf; PsLs[t sfo{qmdcGtu{t klxnf], bf];|f] Pj+ t];|f] r/0fsf sfo{qmdx¿ sfof{Gjogsf nflu 5flgPsf lhNnfx¿ / gd'gfsf] ?kdf 5flgPsf uf]vf{ lhNnfsf nflu cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sgsf] Joj:yf lgDgfg';f/ x'g]5 .

!= lhNnf:t/ cg'udg Joj:yf M

5gf]6 ePsf lhNnfsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] cWoIftfdf lhlj; ;efklt, k|d'v /fhg}lts kf6L{sf k|ltlglwx¿, ;'/Iff Pj+ ljsf; lgdf{0f Pj+ Gofokflnsf;“u ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'vx¿ ;lDdlnt cg'udg / d"Nof+sg ;ldlt u7g ul/g]5 . l:yltaf/] k|ult ;dLIff ug'{kg]{5 . sfof{Gjog qmddf b]vfk/]sf afwf c8\rg x6fO{ cfjZos ;xof]u h'6fOlbg] sfo{ klg ;f] ;ldltn] ug]{5 . ;ldltsf] a}7s k|To]s dlxgfsf] klxnf] xKtf x'g]5 / o;sf] k|ltj]bg PsLs[t ljsf; Joj:yf pk;ldlt -/f=of]=cf_df & ut];Dddf k7fO;Sg' kg]{5 .

@= If]qLo cg'udg Joj:yf M

If]qLo:t/df /f=of]=cf=sf] If]qLo sfof{non] ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{sf] lhNnf:t/Lo Pj+ :ynut cWoog u/L k|ltj]bg PsLs[t ljsf; Joj:yf pk;ldlt -/f=of]=cf=_df !@ ut]leq k7fpg' kg]{5 . If]qLo:t/df /x]sf] u[xdGqfnosf] If]qLo sfof{non] pQm lhNnfsf] ;'/Iff Joj:yfaf/] !@ ut]leq u[xdGqfnodf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg]{5 .

#= s]Gb|Lo:t/ cg'udg Joj:yf M

PsLs[t ljsf; sfo{qmd Joj:yf / ;dGjo pk;ldltsf] a}7s k|To]s dlxgfsf] bf];|f] xKtf lgoldt?kdf a:g]5 . pQm a}7sdf ljsf; lgdf{0f sfof{Gjog l:yltsf ;fy} pQm lhNnfx¿sf] ;'/Iff l:yltaf/] ;dLIff ul/g]5 . pQm a}7sdf ;DalGwt lgsfox¿n] ;'/Iff l:yltaf/] hfgsf/L k]z ug]{5 . ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{x¿ ;'rf??kn] ;~rfng ug{ u/fpg Pj+ ;'/Iff Joj:yfaf/] k|Tofe"lt lbg cfjZos sbdx¿af/] 5nkmn u/L cfjZos gLlt lgb]{zgaf/] lgSof}{n u/L l;kmfl/z;lxt ;dLIffsf] k|ltj]bg k|To]s dlxgfsf] t];|f] xKtfdf cfGtl/s ;'/Iff Pj+ ljsf; ;ldltdf k|:t't ul/g]5 .

$= ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqLHo"sf] cWoIftfdf ul7t cfGtl/s ;'/Iff Pj+ ljsf; ;ldltsf] a}7s k|To]s dlxgfsf] clGtd ;ftf a:g]5 . o;df ljleGg lgsfox¿af6 k|fKt k|ltj]bgdfly 5nkmn u/L cfjZos lgb]{zg k|bfg ul/g]5 .

-7_ k|yd r/0fdf 5gf]6 ePsf lhNnfx¿sf nflu k|:tfljt yk sfo{qmd, ah]6 cg'dfg Pj+ ;'/Iff Joj:yfsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f ;+nUg k|ltjb]gdf pNn]lvt 5 .

-ª_ PsLs[t cfGtl/s ;'/Iff tyf ljsf; of]hgf Pj+ o;};fy ;+nUg ;'/Iff of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu ljleGg lg0f{ox¿ tTsfn Pj+ cNksfndf ul/;Sg'kg]{ / s]xL lg0f{ox¿ dWod cjlwdf ul/;Sg'kg]{ x'"bf ;+nUg cg';"rLdf d}l6«S;?kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . ;DalGwt lgsfox¿n] ;f]xLcg';f/ lg0f{o ug]{÷u/fpg] / ;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos hfgsf/L ;Da4 ;a} kIfnfO{ lbg' cfjZos 5 .

dbgs[i0f / xl/j+zsf] gfddf 7uL <

;DkfbsHo",

jt{dfg kl/l:yltdf xfdL sf]l/ofdf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;+3;+:yfsf] lglDt of] cToGt uDeL/ ;d:of / lrGtfsf] ljifo ag]sf] sf/0f sf]l/ofdf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;+3;+:yfx¿ ldnL tof/ kfl/Psf] ;dfrf/ k|sflzt ul/lbg' xf]nf .

ljb]zL e'"lddf uP/ kl;gf a]Rg] g]kfnL k/Dk/f gof“ xf]Og . lxhf] xfd|f k"vf{n] a]r]sf] cd"No >d / kl;gf cfh @! cf}" ztfAbLsf xfdL ;Gtfgx¿n] klg a]lr/x]]sf 5f}" . t/ xfdL g]kfnL hxf“ uP/ >d / kl;gf a]Rf] klg OdfGbf/ / nugzLnh:tf ljif]z0fn] lje"lift 5f} . of] uf}/jsf] ljifo dfGg} k5{ . Tolt dfq xf]Og, xfd|f] g]kfnL k/Dk/f s] 5 eg] 3/ kl/jf/, ufp“, ;dfh / b]zaf6 hlt 6f9f /x] klg xfdL g]kfnL slxNo} cfkm\gf lghL :jfYf{df dfq ;Lldt /xg ;Sb}gf}" . To;}n] ;f+u7lgs ?kdf af“lwP/ b]z / b]zjf;Lsf nflUf ;]jf k'Ug] vfnsf] ;]jfd"ns sfo{sf] nflu cu|;/ 5f}+  . xfdL slxn] b]zsf] ;+:s[[lt lrgfpg cu|;/ 5f}+ slxn] /sd hDdf u/]/ b]zdf /x]sf ul/jx¿sf] ;xof]udf nfluk¥of} . t slxn] a'4 h:tf lje"lTfnfO{ g]kfnsf x'g\ eg]/ lrgfpg bQlrQ x'g'k¥of] / 5f}" . t/ oxf“ Pp6f b'MvnfUbf] s''/f s] 5 eg] Pp6f slxNo} gfd g;'lgPsf] …kmf]6f] jN8{Ú / …hL=So"= g]kfn tyf sf]l/ofÚ gfd u/]sf bnfnL ;+:yfx¿n] a'4 hoGtLsf] cj;/ kf/]/ g]kfndf /x]sf e'6fgL z/0ffyL{sf] ;xof]ufy{ egL g]kfnsf Vofltk|fKt snfsf/x¿ dbgs[i0f >]i7, xl/j+z cfrfo{, /fds[i0f 9sfn tyf ;f/+uf >]i7x¿nfO{ af]nfP/ ;f+:s[lts tyf pkxf/ sfo{qmd /fv]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] /fv]sf sfo{qmd x/]s b[li6sf]0faf6 x]bf{ c;Dej / sk6k"0f{ b]lvG5 . lsgls g]]kfn / g]kfnLsf nflu eg]/ sf]l/ofdf sfo{/t bh{gf} g]kfnL ;+3;:yfx¿ x'"bfx'"b} of] :yfkgf g} gePsf] ;+:yfnfO{ s]sf] bof knfof] e'6fgL z/0ffyL{ b]v]/ < /, cu|;/ eof]]] ;xof]u ug{nfO{ < clg To;n] b]zsf] ;+:s[ltsf] s] k|rf/ unf{ o; sf]l/ofnL e"lddf . ha ls b]zs} snfsf/nfO{ aGws h:tf] agfPsf] 5 .

;f“Rr} oxf“ vf]tNg] xf] eg] pQm slyt ;+:yfx¿sf] jf:tljstf cs}{ e]l6G5 . e''6fgL z/0ffyL{ / b]zsf] ;+:s[lt eg]sf] t b]vfpg] bf“t dfq x'g\ . lsgls snfsf/sf] gfddf y'k|} ;f]emf;femf g]kfnLnfO{{ sf]l/of k|j]z u/fP/ y}nL eg]{ pgLx¿sf] ;kgf ;f“RR}f g} ;'gf}Nff] b]lvG5 . xfdLnfO{ cem a9L b'Mv o; s'/fsf] 5– To:tf 7"nf snfsf/x¿ s;/L Pp6f bnfnLsf] kl5 k/] clg cfkm\gf cl:dtf a]Rg /fhL eP < pxf“x¿n] k};fnfO{ g} 7"nf] 7fGg'ePsf] eP bnfnLsf] kl5 dfq xf]Og k};f cGoq klg 5 . dfq pxf“x¿n] vf]Hg ;Sg'k5{{{ .

o;/L b]zsf 7"nf snfsf/x¿ h;nfO{ xfdLn] b]zsf uxgf 7fg]sf 5f} pxf“x¿ G"f} bnfnx¿sf] 7uL vfg] ef“8f] ag]sf]df xfdL cToGt lrlGtt 5f} .

czf]s >]i7,
xfnM sf]l/of
ashik1970@yahoo.com

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