sf7df08f}+, dfu{ !% @)%(

klxnf] kfgf

zfxL sbdsf lj?4df sf+u|];–Pdfn] d}bfgdf
xlgd'gkl5 rGbnfO{ labf, ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] ;Defjgf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . k|zf;gnfO{ cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf Nofpg] ;DefJo ;a} pkfox¿ cjnDag ul//x] klg /fhgLltnfO{ cfkm\gf] cg's"n lx+8fpg sl7g x'g] dxz'; ePkl5 wf/f !@& cGt/ut ag]sf] k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbsf] g]t[Tjdf ul7t dlGqkl/ifb\nfO{ kmfn]/ t'?Gt} ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ aGg] ;Defjgf a9]/ uPsf] 5 .

cfkm"n] lgo'lQm u/]sf] ;/sf/ / To;sf ;b:ox¿nfO{ tTsfn lgsfNg cK7\of/f] k/]sf] sf/0f dfq >L % n] xlgd'g cjlw k"/f ePkl5 df};"kmaf6 of] ;/sf/nfO{ x6fOaS;g] 5 . c;f]h @% ut] ul7t jt{dfg dlGqkl/ifb\ k'; @% ut] # dlxgf -() lbg_ sf] xlgd'g k"/f ub{5  .

>L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] rGb ;/sf/n] g ;+;b\jfbL sf+u|];, Pdfn], k|hftflGqs sf+u|];, hgdf]rf{ s;}nfO{ klg ;/sf/sf] kIfdf Nofpg ;Sof], g t o;n] /fhtGq pv]Ng] nIo lnP/ Ho", Hofg ck{0f ug]{ dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xL;"u g} s'g} ;Dks{ :yflkt u/]/ xTof–lx+;fsf] /fhgLlt 5f]8\g nufpg ;Sof] .

b]zfGt/ ;Djfb;"qsf cg';f/ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] /fhfsf] ;/sf/nfO{ /fd|} em'SofPsf 5g\ . ;w}+el/ km'6fP/ /fh ug{ l;kfn' dfcf]jfbLn] o;k6s /fhfsf lgs6 dflgg]x¿nfO{ klg tLg lrt VjfOlbPsf 5g\ . k|ltlglw;ef / :yfgLo lgsfox¿ e+u eP/ /fhgLlts z"Gotf sfod u/L b]ze/ cfkm\gf] k|efj km}nfpg ;kmn dfcf]jfbLn] clxn] /fhfsf] ;/sf/;"u klg ljutdf ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{nfO{ km'6fP/ /fh ug]{ z}nLsf] k|:tfj k7fP .

;/sf/d} ;lDdlnt jfdkGyL ljrf/wf/fsf dGqL uf]/]axfb'/ vkf+uL, k"j{dGqL z}n]Gb|s'df/ pkfWofo / g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf pRr txsf sfo{stf{ jfdb]j If]qLdfkm{t\ ul/Psf] cnu–cnu ;Dks{df dfcf]jfbLn] b/af/sf OR5f lj?4sf dfux¿ t]:of{O{lbPsf lyP . dfcf]jfbLx¿n] sf+u|];, Pdfn]nfO{ lsgf/f nufO{ cfkm" cfp"bf] ;/sf/df k|efjsf/L -8f]ldg]l6Ë_ e"ldsf v]Ng kfP ;xdltdf cfpg] ;+s]t klg lbPsf x'g\ . pgLx¿n] /fhf afx]ssf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj 3f]if0ff u/]df, /fhfn] 5fg]sf] JolQmsf] g]t[Tjdf k|wfgdGqL agfpg] t/ ax'dt ;b:ox¿ dfcf]jfbL /flvg'kg]{ / c? kf6L{af6 !÷@ hgf /fVg], :yfgLo lgsfosf] cWoIf cfkm\gf dfG5] /fvL af"sL cGo kf6L{sf] /fVg] / dfcf]jfbL hg;]gfnfO{ zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfleq lnOlbg] dfu /fv]sf lyP . t/, ;/sf/ o;df ;sf/fTds x'g ;s]g / b/af/n] klg o;nfO{ ?rfPg .

dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg u/L h; lng], e|i6frf/ lj?4 ;zQm sf/jfxL u/L k|zf;gnfO{ l56f]–5l/tf] agfP/ hgtfsf] dg lhTgsf nflu cu|;/ dxf/fhflw/fhnfO{ ;+;b\jfbL /fhgLlts bnx¿n] klg sf"w yfKg 5f]l8lbPsf 5g . oxL d+l;/ !) ut] sf7df8f}+ nufot clw/fHosf gf} zx/df g]kfnL sf+u]|;n] u/]sf] lj/f]w k|bz{gn] /fhfjfbLx¿sf] cf]7–tfn' ;'sfOlbPsf] 5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf k5fl8 dfG5] 5}gg\ eGg]x¿ gfhjfkm ePsf 5g\ . sf+u|];sf] of] cleofgn] sf+u]|;af6 rf]Ol6P/ uPsf] b]pjfsf] ;d"x / Pdfn]nfO{ klg o:t} sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ug{ k|f]T;flxt u/]sf] 5 . k|lti7fsf] ;jfn x'g] ePsf]n] tL b'a} bnn] sf+u|];sf]eGbf w]/} dfG5] h'6fpg'k5{ . b]pjfsf] ;d"xn] oxL d+l;/ @) ut] sf7df8f}"sf] a;Gtk'/d} cfd;ef ug]{ ePsf] 5 eg] g]skf Pdfn]n] d+l;/ @( ut] j[xb\ cfd;efsf] sfo{qmd /fv]sf] 5 . o;}n] zfxLsbd lj?4df ;8s k|bz{g lgs} ;zQm ?kdf a9\g] b]lvG5 .

afx\o c;xof]u

elgG5, /fhgLltdf klg cfkm"n] d'9f] tfSbf a~r/f]n] 3'"8f] tflslbG5 . lgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqLnfO{ ckb:y ubf{ xQ g kQ >L % nfO{ ;dy{g ug]{ rLgn] s]xL xKtf klxn] dxf/fhflw/fhsf] k|:tfj ljgf s'g} k|ltlqmof k7fOlbof] . vf;u/L z/0ffyL{ pRrfof]usf] xjnf lbb}+ ef/tn] cfkm\gf] e"lddf a:g] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ g]kfn kmsf{pg g;lsg] gLlt lnPkl5 /fhfaf6 k"j{k|wfgdGqL sLlt{lglw lji6sf] g]t[Tjdf Pp6f 6f]nL rLg k7fOPsf] lyof]] . t/, rLgdf ck]lIft ;xof]u gkfP/ g]kfnL 6f]nL lkmtf{ cfPkl5 ef/tn] km]l/ /ª km]¥of] .

ef/tLo b"tfjf;n] klxn]sf] ;dfrf/sf] v08g x'g]u/L lj1lKt lgsfNof], dfcf]jfbLnfO{ g]kfnn] eGbf klxn] ef/tn] cft+ssf/L 3f]if0ff u/]sf] / cft+ssf/LnfO{ ef/tn] cf>o lbg] u/]sf] 5}g eg]/ . o;}n] >L % n] lng] h'gs'g} sbdnfO{ ef/t–rLgsf] cGw;dy{g gx'g] :ki6 5 . klZrdL /fi6«x¿sf] klxnf] k|fyldstf k|hftGq xf] . k|hftGqsf] cefjdf hg–lgjf{lrt ;/sf/ jf /fi6« k|d'vsf] cefjdf ;+;b\sf] cefjdf lgMzt{ ;xof]u ubf{ clwgfosjfbsf] hGd x'g] pgLx¿n] b]v] ef]u]sf 5g\ . o; jif{ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo ljsf; sfo{qmdn] k|sflzt u/]sf] dfgj ljsf; k|ltj]bg @))@ n] t gj k|hftflGqs b]zx¿df clwgfosjfbsf] pbo x'g] 7f]s'jf g} u/]sf] lyof] . g]kfn clxn] Tot} pGd'v e}/x]sf] klg 5 .

o;}n] clxn] /fhfnfO{ klg cfkm} hgk|ltlglw jf /fhgLlts kf6L{sf k|ltlglwx¿;"u ldNg}kg]{ afWotf plAhPsf] 5 . /fhf / kf6L{x¿aLr s'g} ldngljGb'df ;xdlt x'g ;s]g eg] vt/f b'j} y/LnfO{ a9\b} hfg] :ki6 b]lvPsf] 5 . oxL kl/b[ZonfO{ ;DxfNg] u/L >L % af6 ul7t of] ;/sf/sf] xlgd'g ;lsg] lalQs} of] ;/sf/nfO{ b]pjfnfO{ h;/L x6fOg] 5 . /, To;sf 7fp"df ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ aGg] 5 .

/fhb"tsf] rog wdfwd

sf7df8f}+ . em08}–em08} k|ToIf zf;g cj:yfdf ce}m cfwf bh{ghlt /fhb"tx¿sf] lgo'lQm x'g] ePsf] 5 .

;"qx¿n] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ a+unfb]zdf k//fi6« dGqfnosf k|f]6f]sn zfvfsf k|d'v efuL/y a:g]t, h]g]efdf ;x;lrj 1fgrGb| cfrfo{, kfls:tfgdf k'is/ /fhe08f/L, hfkfgsf nflu df]xgdfg ;}+h', a]nfotsf nflu k|efs/zDz]/ jf g/]Gb|/fh kf08]dWo] Ps kg'{x'g] 5 . To;f] t s]zj/fh emf / k|jnzDz]/ /f0ff klg /fhb"tsf] lni6df x'g'x'G5 . ef/tsf nflu e]ifaxfb'/ yfkf / hd{gLsf nflu an/fd l;+x dNn eg] s]xL ;dosf nflu /xg' x'g]5 .

ko{6g ;+:yf km'6fpg]x¿ gof" emd]nfdf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn kj{tf/f]x0f ;+3af6 cnu eP/ kj{tf/f]x0f dxf;+3 u7g k|lqmofdf nfu]sf ko{6g Joj;foLx¿ gof" emd]nfdf km";]sf 5g\ . of] emd]nf gf/fo0f rf}nfufO{+ gfds JolQmn] clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]udf bfo/ u/]sf] Ps lgj]bgn] NofPsf] 5 . pgn] d+;L/ !@ ut] cfof]udf btf{ u/]sf] lgj]bgdf @)%( j}zfv ! ut] /fli6«o lje"ltsf] pkflw lbg] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] lg0f{onfO{ r'gf}tL lbPsf 5g\ .

kof{Kt cfwf/ / k|df0f ljgf g} /fli6«o lje"lt 3f]if0ff ul/Psf]n] pgn] pQm lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sg / ab/ ug]{ ;Ddsf] dfu u/]sf 5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ ;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f] 6]Sg] klxnf] g]kfnL dlxnf ePsf] sf/0fn] :j= kf;fË Nxfd'nfO{ /fli6«o lje"lt 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . t/, pxf"n] ;u/dfyf r'r'/f] r'd]sf] s'g} clen]v 5}g . ;f]xL ;dodf df};d ;kmf ePkl5 r'r'/f]tkm{ uPsf cd]l/sL bnsf cn]D; nf]c / cGo ;b:o cf/f]xLx¿n] Fixd rope gfds 8f]/L 6f"u]sf] b]v]gg\ . To:tf] 8f]/L g6f"uL lzv/ r'Dg sl7g x'g] cf/f]xLx¿sf] bfjL 5 . lzv/ eGbf s]xL tn kf;fË Nxfd' / ;f]gfd lxp"n] s]xL k'l/Psf] d[t cj:yfdf e]l6P . kf;fË Nxfd' ;u/dfyf r9]sf] ;do cf/f]x0fsf nflu v/fa dflgG5 . To:tf]df cToGt ;kmn cf/f]xL dfq cf/f]x0f ug{ ;kmn x'g] atfOG5 . ;f] 6f]nLdf pgnfO{ ;3fpg uPsf ;f]gfd l5l/Ë z]kf{, pgL;"u} d[t cj:yfdf Ps} 7fp"df e]l6Psf lyP eg] cGo z]kf{x¿n] pgn] lzlj/ r'd]sf] k|df0f lbg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . kf;fËsf] d[t z/L/df Sofd/f e]l6g' / lzv/ r'd]sf] b[Zosf] kmf]6f] gkfOg'n] To:tf] cfz+sf a9]sf] ;"qx¿sf] bfjL 5 . ;u/dfyfsf] lzv/df O6flnog / lrlgof" cf/f]xLx¿n] 6«fOkf]8 v8f ul/lbPsf 5g\ . 6«fOkf]8df kmf]6f] lvlrg] ePsf]n] To:tf] cf/f]x0fsf] k|df0f x'G5 . Psk6s dsfn' lxdfn r'r'/f] k'u]sf kf]Nof08sf hhL{ s'+s'hfsfn] t:jL/ NofPgg\ . pgn] ko{6g dGqfnoaf6 k|df0fkq klg kfPgg\ . t/, pgn] lzv/df cfkm\gL 5f]/Lsf] v]nf}gf 5f]l8Psf] bfjL u/] . ToxL r'r'/f] k'u]sf] Pp6f sf]l/ofnL 6f]nLn] v]nf}gf e]6]kl5 pgnfO{ k|df0fkq lbOof] .

kf;fª Nxfd' ;u/dfyf r'Dg uPs} avt g} ef/tLo cf/f]x0f bndf ;lDdlnt g]kfnL cf/f]xL lgdL z]kf{n] kf;fËn] ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f gu/]sf] bfjL u/]sL lyOg\ . kj{tf/f]x0f ;+3sf] ?kdf :yflkt gePsf ;+3;+:yf a6'n]/ kj{tf/f]x0f dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjdf a:g] ;kgf b]Vg]x¿ of] gof" ljjfbn] /GylgPsf 5g\ .

ck/fw ;+lxtfn] af"lwb}5g\ kqsf/

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

>Liff sfsL{ cfTdxTof k|s/0fdf ljjfbf:kb ag]sf] kqsfl/tf hutnfO{ o;} axgfdf /fhg}lts k|ltzf]w lnO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ck/fw ;+lxtf Nofpg nfluPsf] 5 .

xfn;Dd uf]klgotf ;DaGwL sfg'g gag]sf] l:yltdf cfpg] rrf{ kfPsf] ck/fw ;+lxtfn] uf]klgotf;"u ;DalGwt s;'/ / To;sf] ;hfo"sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

k|]; sfpG;Ln / g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3åf/f ckgfOPsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtfdf af"lwb} cfPsf kqsf/x¿nfO{ eg] o; ;+lxtfn] kmf}hbf/L s;'/ cGtu{t sfjf{xL v]Kg'kg]{ 5 .

tTsfnLg dxfGofoflwjQmf ab|Laxfb'/ sfsL{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t Ps sfo{bnn] ut jif{ g} o; ;+lxtfsf] d:of}bf tof/ kf/]sf] lyof] . 5l/P/ /x]sf ck/fw sfg'gx¿nfO{ Ps} ;+lxtfdf PsLs/0f ug]{ of]hgf cg'?k o;sf] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . k|:tfljt ck/fw ;+lxtfsf] kl/R5]b @^ cGtu{t uf]klgotf / PsfGttf ;DaGwL s;'/ cGtu{t kqsf/x¿nfO{ s:g] of]hgf ag]sf] xf] . o; kl/R5]bsf bkmfx¿n] kqsfl/tfsf] Jojxfl/s xsnfO{ /f]s nufpg] 5g\ . o; ;+lxtf nfu" ePdf csf{sf] s'/f ;'Gg / Wjlg c+sg ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o;n] kqsf/x¿nfO{ tTsfn Jojxfl/s sl7gfO kg]{ b]lvG5 .

xfn} >Liff k|s/0fdf ljjfb:kb ag]sf] t:jL/ lvRg] tyf k|sfzg k|;f/0f ug]{ sfdnfO{ klg o; ;+lxtfn] s;'/ dfg]sf] 5 . cem bkmf @ ;o #) n] s;}n] s'g} JolQmsf] t:jL/ lghsf] cg'dlt ljgf c?nfO{ lbg jf laqmL ug{ jf lghnfO{ lh:Sofpg], ;tfpg], x}/fg kfg]{ jf lghaf6 s'g} cg'lrt kmfObf lng] jf t:jL/sf] Jofkfl/s kmfObf lng] lgodn] k|sfz ug{ k|rf/ jf vl/b laqmL ug{ ;d]t /f]s nufPsf] 5 .

o;}u/L ;+lxtfdf 6]lnkmf]g ;'Gg Pj+ oflGqs pks/0fåf/f Wjlg c+sg ug{ ;d]t lgif]w u/]sf] 5 .

o; uf]klgotf / PsfGttf ;DaGwL s;'/ u/]df Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo" x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} o:tf] s;'/ u/] jfkt\ s;}n] s'g} nfe k|fKt u/]sf] jf s;}nfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] nfe jf xfgLsf] Ifltk"lt{ ;d]t e/fpg'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

o;eGbf cl3 @)#) ;fndf klg o:t} ck/fw ;+lxtfsf] d:of}bf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof] t/ Tof] slxNo} sfof{Gjogdf cfpg ;s]g . o;k6s o; ;+lxtf sfof{Gjogdf cfpg ;Sg] s'/fdf klg z+sf ug{ ;lsG5 . s]jn kqsfl/tf If]qnfO{ c+s'z nufpg dfq} Pp6f kl/R5]b dfq tTsfn nfu" ug'{ :jeflj klg b]lvb+}g . of] h:tf] j[xt\, sfg'g nfO{ ;+;b\ gePsf] a]nfdf cWofb]z dfkm{t\ Nofpg' klg :jefljs b]lvb}+g .

dfcf]jfbL;"u jftf{ ug{ x'g], ;+;b\ k'gM:yfkgf ug{ gx'g] <

lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] jL/u~hdf cfkm\gf sfo{stf{ ;fd' !! ut] JoQm ug'{ePsf] ljrf/ / kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf !@ ut] JoQm ug'{ePsf ljrf/x¿ ljjfbf:kb agfOof] . pxf"n] cfd;efdf dlGqd08n k'gu{7g ePkl5 To;sf] u7g k|lqmofsf af/]df k|wfgdGqLnfO{ ;f]4f pxf"n] lg/Lxtf k|s6 u/]sf] atfpg'ePsf] lyof] . ef]lnkN6sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf u0ftGqsf] kIfdf sf+u|]; clxn] gePsf], Tof] eljion] atfpg], kf6L{ ;efklt PSn}n] xf]Og, kf6L{ dxflwj]zgn] to ug]{ s'/f atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .

…b]z klxn]b]lv g} dfcf]jfbL ;d:of / cfly{s ;d:ofaf6 cfqmfGt lyof] . h]7 * ut] ck|Tofl;t ?kdf ;+;b\ lj36g u/]kl5 kl/l:ylt emg\ lalu|of] .Ú ljxLaf/sf] k|]; ;Dd]ngdf pxf"n] eGg'eof],æ() k|ltzt hgtfsf] efjgfnfO{ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;+;b\nfO{ ck|Toflzt tj/n] e+u ul/of] . d kf6L{ ;efkltnfO{ yfxf lyPg, dGqLx¿nfO{ yfxf 5}g, /ftsf] !! ah] ;+;b\ e+u eof] .Æ

dxf/fhflw/fhsf] c;f]h !* ut]sf] 3f]if0ffnfO{ ;+ljwfg pNn+3gsf] ;+1f lbb}+ pxf"n] eGg'eof], æ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf ug]{ xf] eg] ;+ljwfgsf ;a} c+u ;lqmo x'G5g\ . dxf/fhflw/fhn] h'g lsl;daf6 sbd rflnaS;]sf] 5, To;nfO{ x]bf{ g]kfn tfgfzfxL zf;glt/ ws]lnb}+ cfO/x]sf] b]lvG5 . clxn] k|hftflGqs zlQmx¿sf] d"n st{Jo g} k|hftGqsf] / ;+ljwfgsf] /Iff ug'{ xf] . kqsf/x¿sf] lh1fzfdf sf]O/fnfsf] cleJolQmM

) tkfO{+x¿n] !) ut] sf7df8f}+df cfd;ef ug'{eof] . To;kl5 jL/u~hdf cfpg'eof] / eGb} x'g'x'G5 xfdL ;+3if{ u5f}{+ eg]/ . oxf"x¿n] eGg'eof] s:tf] vfnsf] ;+3if{ ug]{ xf] <

h:tf] klxnf] r/0fsf] hgr]tgf cGtu{tsf sfo{qmd /x] . casf] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] cfGbf]ng eg]sf] klxnf ;a}nfO{ ;r]t u/fpg] / To;kl5 zfGt / lgolGqt tj/n] pkl:ylt hgfpg' xf] . lsgeg] dfcf]jfbLx¿ ptflt/ 5g\ . hgtf / o'jfx¿sf] efjgf x]g]{ xf] eg] Tof] csf{lt/ 5 . b'O{j6f gbL ;"u;"u} au]sf] 5 . Pp6f u0ftGqjfbL gbL, csf]{ ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqjfbL gbL . ca cfGbf]ng ubf{ub}{ b'O{j6} gbL Pp6}df ldl;g] xf] ls eGg] klg lrGtf 5 . To;sf/0fn] lgolGqt, zflGtk"0f{ lj/f]w xfdLx¿n] ug]{ xf] . To;sf nflu j[xb\ k|hftflGqs df]rf{nfO{ cem alnof] agfP/ Tof] cfGbf]ngsf nflu tof/L ug'{k5{ . ha;Dd k|hftGqsf] k'gM:yfkgf x'"b}g / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqnfO{ /fhfn] cfkm\gf] bf]if–u'0fdf kl/jt{g ub}{gg\ ta;Dd cfGbf]ng rln g} /xG5 .

) hglgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqLsf] x}l;otn] h'ga]nf xf]n/Ldf ;]gf kl/rfng ug{ ;sg'ePg, ;+ljwfgdfly Toltv]/} b]lv cf3ft ePsf] x}g <

Tof] kl/l:yltsf] cfkm\gf]–cfkm\gf] d"Nof+sg x'G5 . ToxL lbg s' eof] eg]/ d eGg ;lSbg . lsgeg] To;kl5sf 36gfqmdn] To;nfO{ k|efljt ub}{ hfb}+5 . t/, ;f]xL lbgaf6 ;+ljwfg rflx+ s' ePsf] xf] . t/, ;+ljwfgnfO{ k'gM ;lqmo agfpg ;lsG5 .

) ca nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbn] g} k|ltlglw;ef :yfkgf xf];\ eg]/ /fhfdf l;kmfl/; ug]{ ls >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] cfb]zaf6 ug]{ ls z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] eg] h:t} c;f]h !* ut] eGbf k"j{sf] cj:yfaf6 ;+ljwfg ;lqmo u/fpg] ls oxL cj}wflgs ;/sf/nfO{ j}wflgs sfd ug{ nufpg] < c? s'g} ;+j}wflgs af6fx¿ 5g\ <

o; aLrdf j[xt\ k|hftflGqs Pstf t 5"b}5 . ;+;b\df k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;a} kf6L{x¿sf] k|lta4tf xf] . xfdLx¿ s] eG5f}+ eg] ;+;b\ clxn] klg 5 . To;sf/0fn] To;nfO{ k'g{hLljt u/fpg'k5{ / of] ;+ljwfg / j}wflgstf dfq xf]Og . h:tf] clxn] k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd t dfcf]jfbL;"u jftf{ ug{ ;lsb}+g . s'g} klg sfg'gn] lbb+}g .

) pgLx¿ xTof/f, cft+sjfbL x'g\ ls xf]Ogg\ < :yflkt ;/sf/nfO{ aGb'ssf] hf]/af6 km\of"S5' eg]/ cfPsf x'g\ ls xf]Ogg\ <

;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg jftf{åf/f ug]{ eg]sf] ;+j}wflgs xf]Og /fhg}lts lsl;dsf] xf] . dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{, /fhgLlts OR5f zlQmn] x'g,] ;+;b\ :yfkgf ug]{ gx'g] < b]zdf cfuf] nfu]sf] 5, ;+ljwfgnfO{ x]/]/ To;sf] afnsfvft ;+ljwfgljb\x¿ 6]lnlehgdf x]/]/ b+u 5g\ . clxn] ;a} o;}df km";]sf 5g\ . clxn]sf] ;d:of ;+ljwfgsf] eGbf klg /fhg}lts ;d:of xf] . ;+ljwfgnfO{ klg ;lqmo agfpg] / ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg klg ug]{ oL b'j} s'/fnfO{ ;d]l6g' k5{ .

) /fhfn] u¥of] eg] h] klg x'G5 eGg] Psyl/ dfG5]x¿sf] wf/0ff 5 . pgn] rfx]sf] a]nf ;+;b\ e+u klg x'g], :yfkgf klg x'g] <

/fhf / xfd|f] ljjfb s]df xf] eGg] ;fj{ef}d;Qf hgtfdf lglxt 5, elgPsf] 5 . of] ;+ljwfgdf / ToxL s'/fnfO{ :yflkt u/fpg vf]lhPsf] xf] . To;sf/0fn] ;+;b\ x'g'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] wf/0ff xf] . Tof] x'gf;fy ;fj{ef}d;Qf hgtfdf lglxt x'G5 .

) h'g ;+ljwfg oxf"x¿n] @)$& ;fndf agfpg'eof], ToxL ;+ljwfgsf] k|fjwfg cg';f/ ;+;b\ e+u eof] eg] cfh To;}af6 s;/L k'gM:yflkt ug]{ <

olb dfcf]jfbLx¿;"u /fhg}lts ;f]n';g x'g;S5 eg] of] lsg x'g ;Sb}g <

) ;j{bnLo /fli6«o ;/sf/ agfpg ;S5 ls ;Sb}g <

olb ;+;b\ :yfkgf ePdf ;j{bnLo /fli6«o ;/sf/ aG5 . clxn] lnPsf ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ /fhfn] lkmtf{ ug'{k5{ . geP of] x'g ;Sb}g .

) b/af/ xTofsf08kl5sf] u|of08 l8hfOg eg]sf] s] xf] <

kl/l:ylt lau|b}+ hf"bf ;Dk"0f{ /fi6« g} clglZrttfsf] e"d/Ldf km";]sf] 5 . o;a]nfdf /fhf / k|hftflGqs zlQmx¿ Ps} 7fp"df a;]/ lgsf; lbg ;S5g\ .

) tkfO{+ u0ftGqsf] kIfdf klg hfg ;Sg'x'G5 <

xfdLx¿ u0ftGqsf] kIfdf 5}gf}+ . ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] kIfdf g} 5f}+ . lxhf] klg lyof}}+, cfh klg 5f+} / ef]ln klg x'"g]5f} . u0ftGqsf] kIfdf hfg] s'/f eljiosf] xf] . of] kf6L{ ;efklt PSn}n] eGg ;Sb}g, kf6L{ dxflwj]zgn] lg0f{o u5{ .

) oxL cj:yfdf r'gfj ePsf avtdf sf+u|]; r'gfjdf hfG5 ls hf"b}g <

h:tf];'s} cj:yfdf klg k|hftflGqs kf6L{x¿ r'gfjdf hfg 8/fpg] 5}gg\ / s;}n] r'gfj u/fPdf xfdL efUg] kIfdf 5}gf}+ . klxn] r'gfj 3f]if0ff eof], xfdLn] tof/L u¥of}+ . lhNnf–lhNnfdf sfo{stf{ v6fof}+ . xfd|f] vr{ klg ef] . t/, b]pjfhLnfO{ r'gfj gx'g] yfxf lyof] . pxf"x¿sf] vr{ klg ePg . t/, r'gfj clxn]sf] cj:yfdf x'G5 eg]/ d"Nof+sg ug{;Sg'k¥of] .

) d'n's of] cj:yfdf cfpgdf tkfO{+x¿sf] xft 5 5}g <

of] cj:yfdf d'n's cfpg'df uNtL xfdLaf6 klg ePsf 5g\ . 3f]8f r9\g] n8\5, 3f]8f gr9\g] n8\b}g . xfdL 3f]8f r9]sf lyof}+, n8\of}+ . t/, ca km]l/ 3f]8f r9\g xfdL hfG5f}+ . xfdLx¿ uNtL ;Rofpg nfh dfGb}gf}+ .

) g]kfnL sf+u|]; of] cj:yfdf ;/sf/df hfG5 ls hf"b}g <

;+;b\ gePsf] cj:yfdf g]kfnL sf+u|]; ;/sf/df hf"b}g . cfkm\gf] kIfsf] k|wfgdGqL gePsfn] sf+u|];n] cfGbf]ng u/]sf] xf]Og . o;n] Watch dog sf] ?kdf x]5{ . unt sbdsf] lvnfkmdf hgtf ;fd' uP/ sfo{qmd to ug]{5 . To;nfO{ dxf/fhflw/fhn] ;Rofpg} k5{ .

dfcf]jfbL ;d:of, ;+s6sfn, dxf/fhflw/fhsf] sbd, ;+ljwfg cltqmd0f / cy{tGqdf x|f; cfPsf sf/0f hgtfx¿ cfqmfGt ePsf 5g\ .

) k|hftflGqs sf+u|];nfO{ ldnfpg] tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 <

of] kl/l:ylt cfpgsf lglDt g]kfnL sf+u|]; klg lhDd]jf/ 5 . d af6 uNtL ePsf] 5 . ca uNtL xfdL ;Rofp"5f}+ . / sf+u|];;"u ;xsfo{ ug]{x¿;"u ;xsfo{ ug{ tof/ 5f}+ . k|hftflGqs sf+u|];df nfu]sfx¿ cfpg rfx]df lqmofzLn ;b:o gjLs/0f u/]sfnfO{ ;lhn} 5 . gug]{nfO{ s/ klg 5}g . t/ ufp"–ufp"sf sfo{stf{ ;a} sf+u|];df g} cfO;s]sf 5g\ . t/, s]Gb|df ldNg]tkm{ kxn ePsf] 5}g .

) tkfO{+x¿ ;+ljwfg ;lqmo agfpg cfGbf]ng/t x'g'x'G5 . t/, kf6L{sf g]tf ls;'ghLsf] s'g} k|ltlqmof 5}g, pxf"nfO{ lsg pk]Iff u/]sf] <

pxf" la/fdL x'g'x'G5 . la/fdL ePsf]n] pxf"nfO{ e]6\g c:ktfn / lgjf;df d k6s–k6s uPsf] 5' . k|hftGqsf] :yfkgf / k'g:yfkgfsf] n8fOdf Toqf] Tofu ug'{ePsf] ls;'ghL clxn] k|hftGqdfly k|xf/ x'"bf r'k nfUg] s'/} 5}g . dnfO{ ljZjf; 5, pko'Qm ;dodf pxf"n] af]Ng'x'G5 .

) o;k6s jL/u~hsf] cfd;ef klxn]eGbf ;fgf] eof] lg <

Tof] xfdL ;Qfdf ePsf] a]nf ePsf] lyof] . of] clxn] xfdL ljkIfdf plePsf] a]nfdf ePsf]n] o:tf] ePsf] xf] .

cfon lgud lghLs/0f †

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] Ps5q sf/f]af/ ug]{ cj;/ kfO/x]sf] g]kfn cfon lgudnfO{ cGttM ;/sf/n] abgfd u/fP/ lghLs/0f ug{]tkm{ 8f]xf]¥ofO lbg] ePsf] 5 .

cfon lgudsf] d"No lgwf{/0f u/fO{ / lgudleqsf] Joj;flos kIf n'h eP/ ;/sf/sf] d'v tfSg] k/Dk/f nfu" x'"bf lgudn] ca b'O{ dlxgfleqdf zfg]jflgs} h;/L 3'"8f 6]Sg'kg]{ cj:yf ;[hgf x'g] ePsf] 5 . lgudnfO{ 3'"8f 6]sfPkl5 lghL If]qnfO{ k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ lbOg] ePsf] 5 . gf} dlxgf cufl8b]lv cGt/f{li6«o hutdf k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No ef/L dfqfdf a9\bf ;/sf/x¿ clg0f{osf aGbL x'"bf lgud 6f6 x'g k'u]kl5 ;/sf/sf cf"vf v'nL u}/;/sf/L JolQmx¿ ;lDdlnt kf"r ;b:oLo cfof]u u7g u/L !% lbgleqdf lgudsf] ljifodf oyfy{tf a'emL hfgsf/L u/fpg] x]t'n] u7g ePsf] 5 . t/ ;/sf/n] cfof]u u7g u/L a'em\g] cj:yf x'"bfx'"b} PSsf;L @ ?k}of" dfq 3f6f x'g] k]6«f]nsf] d"No PSsf;L a9fP/ k|ltln6/ $ ?k}of" kmfObf x'g] agfof] t/ dl§t]n / l8h]nsf] d"No l:y/ /fVgfn] k]6«f]n kDkx¿n] k]6«f]ndf dl§t]n ld;fP/ a]Rg] sfo{ tLj| agfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . x'g klg em08}–em08} p:t} sfd lbg] ld;fpbf klg glrlgg] oL OGwgx¿sf] d"No lgwf{/0fsf] cGt/ PSsf;L a9]/ k|ltln6/ $% x'gk'u]sf] 5 . h'g cj:yf cfheGbf klxnf slxNo} cfPsf] lyPg . cGt/f{li6«o hutdf eg] k]6«f]n / dl§t]nsf] d"No sl/a sl/a a/fa/L kg{hfG5 . h:t} @)#) ;fndf g]kfndf k]6«f]n @ ?k}of" *) k};f kYof]{ eg] dl§t]n ! ?k}of" !( k};f kYof]{ To:t} l8h]n ! ?k}of" *$ k};f kYof]{ To;sf] aL; jif{kl5 g} g]kfndf dl§t]nsf] k|ltln6/ ( ?k}of" &% k};f, l8h]nsf] !@ ?k}of" / k]6«f]nsf] @( x'gk'u]sf] lyof] . t/, clxn];Dd of] @( jif{sf] cjlwdf dl§t]nsf] efp ! ?k}of" !( k};faf6 a9]/ !& k'u]sf] 5 eg] ;f]xL cjlwdf k]6«f]nsf] efp @ ?k}of" ** af6 PSsf;L a9]/ %@ ?k}of" k'u]sf] 5 . To:t} l8h]ndf eg] ! ?k}of" *$ af6 a9]/ @^ ?k}of" %) k};f sfod /x"b} cfPsf] 5 . To:t} Uof"; k|lt l;ln08/ ^ ;o %) sfod /xg k'u]sf] 5 . lgudsf] oyfy{tf a'em\gsf nflu ;/sf/n] d+l;/ gf} ut] dfq k"j{ GofofwLz 6f]kaxfb'/ l;+xsf] cWoIftfdf kf"r ;b:oLo ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . To;f] t o;eGbf klxnf klg cfon lgudn] s]xL jif{ cufl8 d"No yk36 ug]{ l;kmfl/; ubf{ ;/sf/L kIfaf6 pRr:t/Lo b'O{j6f clgn / kf08] cfof]u u7g u/f{ 5fgljg u/fOPsf] lyof] t/ klg tL cfof]ux¿n] lgudleqsf] sdhf]/L kIf cf}+Nofpg ;s]gg\ . / clxn]sf] cfof]u klg lgudleqsf] oyfy{tfnfO{ a'em]kl5 TolQs} kmls{g;Sg] ;Defjgf a9L 5 .

lgudnfO{ lghLs/0f ug{sf nflu gfd'b pBf]uklt tyf Jofkf/L dflgg] clxn]sf pBf]u tyf cfk"lt{ dGqL nufot rf}w/L u|'k ;d]t nfu]sf] s'/f lgud pRr ;"qsf] 5 . t/, lghL If]qnfO{ lgud lhDdf nufPdf eg] 3f6f gvfO{sg k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ a]Rg] x'"bf hgtf eg] d"No j[l4 ;/sf/sf] clwgdf gx'g] x'"bf dsf{df kg]{5g\ . lgudn] Uof"; / k]6«f]nsf] d"No j[l4kl5 klg b}lgs c;L, gAa] nfvsf] xf/fxf/Ldf 3f6f Joxf]b}{ cfpg'k/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df d"No j[l4 u/fP/ dl§t]ndf /fxt lbg] gfp"df d"No %@ ?k}of" k'¥ofP klg k|ltln6/ ;/sf/nfO{ lgudn] k]6«f]nsf] dfq eG;f/ /fhZj !* ?k}of" ltb}{ cfPsf] 5 . oxL /sd 5'6 lbPdf dfq klg lgudn] 7"nf] dfqfdf 3f6f Joxf]g'{ gkg]{ ;"qsf] bfjL 5 .

lgud ;"qsf] bfjL 5, g]kfn cfon lgudnfO{ ;/sf/n] aGbL agfP/ /fVg] / lghL If]qnfO{ ;dfj]z u/fp"bf klg lgudn] k|bfg u/]sf] /fxt a/fa/ lbP/ s;}n] rnfpg ;Sb}g . a? o:t} sl08zg xf] eg] Ol08og cfonnfO{ g} leq\ofpg] ;Defjgf klg ;/sf/;"u 5 . o;f] ubf{ g]kfndf klg Ol08og d"No lgwf{/0f x'g] ;Defjgf 5 . ut jif{dfq $ ca{ ?k}of" /fhZj lgudn] ;/sf/nfO{ lt/]sf] lyof] eg] clxn] lgudnfO{ oxL dlxgf t]n lsGg wf}–wf} k/]sf] 5 .

cfO{hLkLsf nflu bf}8w"k hf/L
rf/j6} PcfO{hLkL kb l/Qm x'g] ;Defjgf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

oxL k'if !$ ut]af6 k|x/L dxflg/LIfs k|bLk zDz]/ /f0ffsf] kbfjlw ;lsg] ePkl5 tLghgf cltl/Qm k|x/L dxflg/LIfsx¿ dxflg/LIfs kb xft nufpg bf}8w"k ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ .

o;/L bf}8w"k ug]{ cltl/Qm k|x/L dxflg/LIfsx¿df ZofdeQm yfkf, cgGt/fd e§/fO{, 8f= uf]ljGbk|;fb yfkf x'g'x'G5 . k|x/L lgod / P]gnfO{ x]/L ;/sf/n] lg0f{o u/]df b'O{, tLglbg leqd} cltl/Qm k|x/L dxflg/LIfs ZofdeQm yfkfnfO{ sfod d'sfod dxflg/LIfs kbdf lgo'Qm ug}{kg]{ x'G5 . lsgls /f0ffn] hflu/ cjlw ;lsg Ps dlxgf af"sL x'"bf ljbf lng kfpg] k|fjwfg lgoddf 5 / lxhf]af6 /f0ffsf] cjlw ca 7\ofSs} Ps dlxgf dfq af"sL 5 . To;n] ubf{ o;} cjlwleqdf sfod d'sfod dxflg/LIfs tf]Sg'kg]{ x'G5 . yfkf k|x/L ;]jfdf klxnf]k6s k|x/L lg/LIfsdf @)#@ ;fndf k|j]z ug'{ePsf] xf] eg] pxf";"u k|lt:kwf{df plqg'ePsf cgGt/fd e§/fO{ / 8f= uf]ljGbk|;fb yfkf eg] k|x/L lg/LIfsdf @)#! ;fndf g} k|j]z ug'{ePsf] lyof] . h;n] ubf{ 8f= yfkf / e§/fO{sf] lgo'lQm Ps jif{ cufl8sf] 5 . t/, l8=cfO=hL= af6 PcfO{hLkLdf ZofdeQm yfkf c?eGbf @! lbg cufl8 a9'jf x'g'ePsf] lyof] . To;}n] ubf{ yfkf x'g] k|foM lglZrt ePsf] 5 . t/, k|x/L P]gdf eg] >L % sf] ;/sf/n] jl/i7tfsf cfwf/df cfO{hLkL kb lbg] gegL ;Ifd / of]Uotfsf] cfwf/df lbOg] ls6fg u/]sf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ ;/sf/n] sfg'gdf ePsf] s'/fnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL lg0f{o ug]{ lgx"'df ZofdeQm yfkfnfO{ cfO{hLkL gagfP/ c? b'O{dWo] PsnfO{ agfof] eg] klg cfZro{ gdfg] x'G5 .

ZofdeQm yfkfnfO{ cfO{hLkL agfpg k|x/L kmf];{df ljjfb geP klg aflx/L zlQmx¿ eg] pxf"sf] lj/f]wdf sDd/ s;]/} nfu]sf 5g\ . olb ZofdeQm yfkfnfO{ cfO{hLkLdf lgo'Qm u/]sf] v08df cltl/Qm dxflg/LIfsåo e§/fO{ / 8f= yfkfn] /fhLgfdf lbg] dlgl:ylt ;d]t agfPsf] s'/f yfkf / e§/fO{ lgs6 ;"qn] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfof] . e§/fO{ / 8f= yfkfdWo] Psn] cfO{hLkL kfPdf lgod gldlrg] ts{ ;fbf{ klg ZofdeQm yfkf pxf"x¿eGbf klxnf PcfO{hLkL x'g'ePsf]n] g}ltstfsf] cfwf/df /fhLgfdf lbg'x'g] ;Defjgf a9]sf] 5 . olb b'j} kIfn] g}ltstfnfO{ cufl8 ;f/]/ ljjfb dRrfP eg] cfO{hLkLsf] sfodd'sfod kbdf cem} kf"r, ;ft lbg sf]xL cfpg g;Sg] cj:yf ;[hgf x'g]5 . ZofdeQm yfkfnfO{ cfO{hLkL agfOPdf eg] rf/j6} PcfO{hLkLx¿sf] kb l/Qm x'g] ePsf]n] a9'jfsf] nfOgdf /x]sf l8cfO{hLx¿ klg PcfO{hLkL xft kfg{sf nflu tDtof/ eP/ a;]sf 5g\ . PcfO{hLkL 8f= yfkfn] cfkm"n] ljBfjfl/wL ug{'sf ;fy} b/af/df l8cfO{hL x'"bf Pl8;Lsf] sfd u/]sf] / ljleGg lje"if0f, kbs kfPsf] x'gfn] of]Uo, ;Ifd / ;'? lgo'lQmsf] cfwf/ b]vfp"b} of]Uo 7xl/Psf pDd]bjf/nfO{ cfO{hLkL lbg'kg]{ / cfkm" dfq} To:tf] JolQm ;+u7gdf ePsf] atfO;s]sf 5g\ . t/, 8f= yfkf / ZofdeQm b'j} k|x/L kmf];{df 6]a'n js{/sf ?kdf sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf JolQm x'g\ .

ptf oxL !$ ut]b]lv ;]jf cjlw ;dfKt x'g] PcfO{hLkL tLy{s'df/ k|wfg / Pshgf PcfO{hLkL cfO{hLkLdf lgo'Qm x'g] ePkl5 l/Qm x'g] b'O{ kbsf nflu ;fthgf l8cfO{hLx¿sf] xf]8 rNg yfn]sf] 5 . o;/L xf]8 rNg] l8cfO{hLx¿df @)#) ;fndf k|x/L lg/LIfsaf6 ;]jfdf k|j]z u/]sf b]j]Gb|axfb'/ dNn, @)#! df k|j]z u/]sf /ljsfGt cof{n, @)## df k|j]z u/]sf cf]dljqmd /f0ff, @)#% df k|j]z u/]sf cDa/l;+x zfx, @)#% df k|j]z u/]sf ?k zfx d':tfË / @)#% d} k|j]z u/]sf s'df/ sf]O/fnf 5g\ . b'O{ kb afx]s cfOhLkLdf ZofdeQm yfkf cfPdf g}ltstfsf] kIfnfO{ cl3 ;f/L b'O{ PcfO{hLn] /fhLgfdf lbgf;fy rf/j6} PcfO{hLkLsf] kb l/Qm x'g]5 / rf/hgf l8cfO{hLx¿n] :yfg kfpg]5g\ . ;+efljt PcfO{hLsf] bfj]bf/Ldf sfo{bIftf / OdfGbf/LtfnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] /fh]Gb|axfb'/ l;+x hf] k|x/L kmf];{df g} ;Ifd, cf"l6nf / lxDdltnf dflgG5g\ / o:t} hf];, hf"u/, cf"6, st{Jolgi7f / OdfGbf/ /ljsfGt cof{n cu|k+lQmdf cfp"5g\ . To:t} l8cfO{hLx¿ dWo]sf k'/fgf dflgg] b]j]Gb|axfb'/ dNn ljefud} lgZrn, OdfGbf/L / k'/fgf ePsf sf/0f pgsf] gfddf ljjfb gp7\g ;S5 . t/, cf]d ljqmd /f0ff, s'df/ sf]O/fnf / ?k zfx d':tfª klg kfOP kfOuOof] gkfP 5"b}5 eGg] dfgl;stf af]s]/ lx+8\g yfn]sf 5g\ .

5fqfx¿sf] lj/f]wkl5 kßsGof SofDk; aGb

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . /fhgLlts bnx¿ ;8sdf cf]n]{sf], dfcf]jfbLsf] clglZrtsfnLg lzIf0f ;+:yf aGbsf] sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ePsf] d'x"t{df d'n'ssf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] sGof SofDk; kb\dsGof SofDk;nfO{ SofDk; k|zf;gn] clglZrt sfn;Dd aGb u/]sf] 5 . !* c;f]hsf] /fhfsf] zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] lj?4df cu|k+lQmdf lj/f]wdf lgl:s+bf kb\dsGofsf 5fqfx¿nfO{ z'Ns j[l4sf] lj/f]w u/]sf sf/0f k/LIffsf] d'vdf k9\g] cj;/af6 jl~rt u/fOPsf] 5 .

hfkfgLh ;/sf/n] kb\dsGof SofDk;df dlxnf 5fqfx¿sf nflu 5fqfjf; agfpgsf nflu # s/f]8 @) nfv ?k}of" ;xof]u lbg] ePkl5 lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg u/fpgsf nflu ;xof]ubftfx¿n] pQm /sddfly SofDk;sf tkm{af6 @% k|ltzt ?= -*) nfv_ DoflrË km08sf] ?kdf yk ug'{kg]{ ;t{ ;f/] .

SofDk;n] hDdf ug'{kg]{ /sdnfO{ ljBfyL{x¿sf] z'Ns j[l4af6 k"/f ug]{ Wo]o lnof] . t/ ljBfyL{x¿ eg] @)%# ;fnb]lv SofDk; ljsf; sf]ifsf nflu egL ;flnGbf gf} xhf/ ljBfyL{x¿;"u ?= # ;osf b/n] lnPsf] /sd /fVg ldNg] bfjL ub}{ pQm /sd kf/bzL{ ?kdf cfpg'kg]{ atfp"5g\ . olb pQm /sd ck'u ePdf cfkm"x¿ lgdf{0f sfo{sf nflu /sd ltg{ OR5's ePsf] atfPsf 5g\ .

cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sL g]lj;+3sL ljBfyL{ g]t[ :jljo" tyf OsfO pkfWoIf zf]ef clwsf/Lsf cg';f/ ljBfyL{x¿sf] k/LIff kmd{ eg]{ a]nfdf k|jL0ftf k|df0fkq tx k9\g]x¿sf nflu yk # ;o, :gftssf nflu % ;o / :gftsf]Q/sf nflu ^ ;o /sd yk u/L kmd eg{ nufOPsf] 5 .

ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ df/df kf/L /sd p7fpg]tkm{lt/ eGbf klg ;/sf/L cg'bfg p7fpg kl§ nfUg'kg]{ pgL nufot ljBfyL{x¿sf] ts{ 5 . ;f]xL cg'?k lq'ejg ljZjljBfnon] @) nfv ?k}of" ;xof]u ;d]t lbO;s]sf] 5 .

lgdf{0f sfo{sf nflu SofDk; k|zf;gn] :jljo"sf kbflwsf/Lx¿ ;d]tnfO{ dgfP/ z'Ns j[l4 ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] SofDk; k|d'v lrl/szf]ef tfd|fsf/sf] 5 .

ptf :jljo" ;efklt pld{nf klGhof/ eg] lgdf{0f sfo{sf nflu /fhgLlt gul/sg hfg'kg]{ ts{ ;fb}{ ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ af6f]df nfUg'kg]{ atfp"l5g\ . SofDk;df b]lvPsf ljjfbaf6 lbSs ePsf s'n]Zj/ lgjf;L k"0f{ uf]kfnL h];'s} eP klg 5f]/Lx¿sf] k9fO lau|g gx'g] / d'7e]8 ;[hgf u/]/ k9fOdf afwf k'¥ofpg gx'g] atfp"5g\ . xfn pQm SofDk;sf ljBfyL{x¿n] k9fOsf] l;hgdf SofDk; aGb u/sf]n] u]6 tf]8kmf]8 u/L SofDk; k|d'vn] @# ut]b]lv x'g] dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] z}lIfs ;+:yf aGb sfo{qmdnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] sfo{ u/]sf] cleof]u nufp"b} tfd|fsf/, 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{sL h]7L ;f;" ;d]t kg]{ atfP .

t/ tfd|fsf/n] tTsfn ca SofDk; Ps, b'O{ lbgdf g} vf]Ng]] / lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu &% k|ltzt;Dd /sd pl7;s]sf]n] af]nkq cfx\jfg u/L lgdf{0f sfo{sf nflu 7]Ssf lbg] s'/f b]zfGt/nfO{ atfOg\ . t/, z'Ns j[l4tkm{ eg] lg0f{o ;Rofpg] eGbf klg ;dembf/Ldf ljBfyL{nfO{ NofO{ b'O{jif{kl5 k'gM z'Ns 36fpg] atfOg\ . Psjif{leqdf sfo{ ;+rfng gu/] ;xof]u k'gM kms{g;Sg] bfjL pgsf] 5 .

j;Gtk'/b]lv lkk/kf6L;Dd

zAb;To– >Lcfrfo{

sf7df8f}+sf] j;Gtk'/df b]lvPsf] dfG5]x¿sf] eL8 jL/u~hsf] :6]l8oddf b]lvPg . eL8nfO{ g} lg0f{osf] cfwf/ dfGg] afgL k/]sfx¿nfO{ jL/u~hn] pT;fx lbg ;s]g . s'/f sf6\g] / sf+u|];sf] lvNnL p8fpgdf g} cfkm\gf] k'?iffy{ 7fGg]x¿n] df}sfsf] kmfObf p7fpg kfPs} xf], sf+u|];sf] ult †

dnfO{ yfxf 5}g, j;Gtk'/df dfG5]x¿sf] Tof] eL8 lsg pn]{sf] lyof] / s;/L hDdf ePsf] lyof] . t/, of] rflx+ Toxf" pkl:yt ;a}nfO{ yfxf lyof] ls clxn] hgtfsf] clwsf/ vf]l;Psf] 5 / Tof] lkmtf{ ug{ cfGbf]ngsf] h?/t 5 . Toxf" ToxL ;To ha g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt Pj+ g]kfnsf] k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngsf cu|0fL JolQmTj lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] atfpg'eof], df; k'nlst eof], /f]dfl~rt eof] / ;Gb]z d]rLsfnL km}lnof] . ctM ;Gb]z ;+Vof xf]Og, efjgf xf], jL/u~hdf Tof] klxNo} k'lu;s]sf] lyof] . ha jL/u~haf6 rfnL; lsnf]ld6/ k"j{sf] b'u{d t/fO{sf] lkk/kf6L ufp"df To;sf] ef]lnkN6 xfdL k'Uof}+ Toxf" s;}n] ;f]w]g ls jL/u~hdf slt dfG5] lyP . af/f lhNnfsf] ;LdfjtL{ To; ufp"nfO{ k|hftGq cem otf ef}lts ljsf;sf cfjZos ;fdfu|L k|fKt ePsf x'g\ . lah'nL 5, 6]lnkmf]g 5 . df]6/sf] af6f] 5 . of] a]Un} xf] ls jL/u~haf6 Toxf" hfg /S;f}nsf] 6«]g w]/} ;'ljwfd"ns x'G5 / ;:tf] klg . kLk/kf6Lsf hgtf ToxL k|of]u ug{ dg k/fp"5g\ . t/, !@ jif{otf b]zn] lbPsf] ;'ljwfk|lt pgLx¿ uf}/jflGjt 5g\ . pgLx¿ eG5g\, æs]xL xf]nf h:tf] lyof], x'"b} lyof] . ca cGof}n eof], s] x'G5 <Æ

ca s] x'G5, ;DejtM of] k|Zgsf] pQ/ sf7df8f}+df klg 5}g . p;f] t sf7df8f}+nfO{ eL8df /dfpg kfP k'G5 . j;Gtk'/sf] eL8af6 pm dVv–d:t 5 . eG5, sf7df8f}+, kf]v/f / emfkfn] o;k6s gfs} sf6], jL/u~hn] klg plt;f/f] lbn v'; agfPg . 6fpsf] ug]/ /dfpgdf cflb sf7df8f}+sf] hdftnfO{ lkk/kf6L ufp" a:tLx¿df hd]/ a;]sf] k|hftGqsf] efjgfsf] kQf] 5}g . ufp"sf a:tL– a:tLx¿df cfh /fhgLlts lrGtf 5, k|hftGqsf] ulx/f] rf;f] 5 / v'nd\–v'nf ax; x'g yfln;s]sf] 5– /fhfn] 7Ls ul/aS:of] ls aS;]g . cx" lkk/kf6L clxn] of] /fhfn] u/]sf] sfd k6Ss} dgk/]sf] 5}g . pm jL/u~h cfpg ;Sb}g t/ p;n] j;Gtk'/sf] pb\3f]if a'lem;s]sf] 5 / hlxn]sf nflu klg g]tfsf jrg k"/f ug{ tDtof/ 5 . pm cyf{t\ lkk/kf6L h:tf u|fdL0f j:tLx¿ 9'Ss 5g\, ca s'g} lbg cfGbf]ng x'G5 / To;df /ut aufpg hfg}k5{ . jL/u~h t km';{bsf] s'/f] xf], kmf}hL sL/fnfO{ wfgafnL lhDdf nufP/ lx+8\g ldNb}g lyof] t/ t}klg Toxf" pT;fx sd lyPg . ha sf]O/fnfn] æ;+3if{ afx]s csf]{ ljsNkÚ gePsf] atfpg'eof], Toxf" klg hgtf tft]s} lyof] .

cyf{t\ d+;L/sf] lr;f] jftfj/0fsf] ljk/Lt /fhgLlt tftf] aGg yfn]sf] 5, o;n] e]nf em'08 / hd36x¿nfO{ x}g, tflTjs kl/0fltsf] 7f]; ofqfsf] cf/De s'/]sf] 5 . Tof] slxn] x'G5, s;/L x'G5 < hgtfsf] pu|rf;f] oxL xf] . rf"8f] xf];\, oyf ;do xf];\ cfsf+Iff hxL+–sxL+ oxL+ 5 . lrtjgsf] ;f}/fxf 5]p e]l6g] :yfgLo afl;GbfnfO{ ;f]Wg';\ of hod"lt{gu/df jL/u~h hfg /S;f}nsf lglDt /]n s'/]sf] af/fsf afl;GbfnfO{ ;f]Wg'';\, rfxgf ToxL xf] . ;du|df /fhsbdaf6 vf]l;Psf] hgtfsf] clwsf/ s;/L / slt rf"8f] lkmtf{ ug{ ;lsG5 . d'n'se/ clxn] ToxL rf;f] 5 sf+u|];n] cfkm\gf sfo{stf{nfO{ s;/L s'g ?kdf cfkm\gf kIfdf cg'jfb u/]/ cl3 a9\g ;S5– vf]hL of] 5 .

– j;Gtk'/sf] pkl:ylt k|tLs xf], Tof] ;du|tf x}g,

– kf]v/f jf emfkf klg k|tLs} xf] To;n] klg k"0f{tf k|bfg ub}{g,

– cyf{t\ ;efx¿ k|tLs x'g\ . d"ntM efjgf clGtd ;To xf] / To; ;Tosf] glhs sf+u|]; / hgtf 5g\ eGg] km]l/ b]lvPsf] 5 . sf+u|];n] olQ a'em] k'U5 . ef], /fhfsf] g s'/f u/f}+, cf:yf cToGt} 5, hxL+ sxL+ 5, ljZjf; / e/f];f cx" k6Ss} 5}g . j;Gtk'/b]lv af/fsf] lkk/kf6L;Dd st} 5}g . jL/u~hdf klg lyPg . o:t} cyf{t\ clxn]s} h:tf] lg/Gt/tf xf] eg], cx" ca sf+u|];n] klg …;a}sf]Ú /Iff ug{ ;Sb}g . o;sf/0f ls To;n] klg hgtfsf] efjgf rfxgf ljk/Lt lx+8\g ;Sb}g, x'"b}g . /fhf x'g\ of kf6L{ hgtfsf] efjgf, rfxgf ljk/Lt sf]7fsf] lg0f{oaf6 k|efljt x'g]sf] Oltxf; nfdf] b]lvb}+g . lat]sf] ;ftf sf+u|];n] hgtfsf] efjgf a'em\g] h'g sfd sfo{qmd u¥of], To;df b]lvPsf] ;To, ;f"rf] k|hftGqk|ltsf] hgtfsf] cf:yf xf] . Tof] cf:yf / ljZjf;sf] nfdf] JofVof gu/f}+, 5f]6s/Ldf olQ xf]– hgtf–;|f]tf Toxf" dfq} tfnL lk6\y], hxf" cfGbf]ng ;dy{g / /fhsbdsf] cfnf]rgf JoQm ug]{ zAb g]tfx¿af6 cfp"y] . j;Gtk'/b]lv af/fsf] lkk/kf6L;Dd b]lvPsf], e]l6Psf] ;To oxL xf] . sf+u|];n] t a'lem;s]sf] xf]nf, ca /fhfn] klg a'lemaS;] x'G5 . enf] ;a}sf] To;} a'emfOdf 5 . cufl8 cf–cfkm\gf] dhL{ .

shreeacharya@hotmail.com

jftf{sf] cj:yf

8f= k"0f{sfGt clwsf/L

dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xsf] tLj|tf -;3gtf_ / lgwf{l/t r'gfj ! jif{kl5 ;fg]{ l;kmfl/;kl5 ut c;f]h !* ut] z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] lgjf{lrt ;/sf/nfO{ ckb:y ug]{ /fhfsf] sbdn] g]kfndf lqkIfLo åGåsf] ;[hgf u/]sf] 5 . sfo{sf/L clwsf/ lnPkl5 ;+;b\df ePsf / h+undf ePsf;"u} /fhf klg gof" v]nf8Lsf ?kdf ;lqmo zlQmsf] ?kdf /fhgLltdf cfOaS;]sf] 5 . ;+;bLo k|hftGq, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqdf cBflk ljZjf; ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bnx¿ bf];|f] kIfdf /x]sf 5g\ / ;j{xf/fsf] clwgfosTj :yflkt ug{ ljb|f]x ;+rfng ug]{ dfcf]jfbLx¿ t];|f] kIfsf ?kdf 5g\ . d'n's :yfgLo / /fli6«o txdf lgjf{lrt k|ltlglw ljxLg cj:yfdf k'u]sf] x'gfn] clxn]sf] /fhgLlts o'4 ;+;b\ aflx/ nflbPsf] 5 . /fli6«o ;efn] v]Ng] clws e"ldsf kfPsf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]x g} d'n'sn] xfn ;fdgf ul//x]sf] ;jf{lws 7"nf] ;d:of xf] . of] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg gul/sg s'g} klg r'gfj :jtGq / lgikIf jftfj/0fdf ;DkGg ug]{ s'/f s;}n] ;f]Rg ;Sb}g . :yfgLo / /fli6«o txsf b'j} r'gfjx¿ hlt;Sbf] l56f] ;DkGg ug{sf nflu b]zleq / aflx/ b'j}lt/af6 bjfjx¿ klxNo}b]lv a9\g yfn]sf 5g\ . /fhgLlts bnx¿ lsgf/f nfu] -nufOPsf] <_ cj:yf;Dd dfcf]jfbL;"u /fhfn] g} cfdg]–;fdg] ;fdgf ug{'k5{ . oxf" k|Zg p7\5, dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]x ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu df};"km;"u s:tf] …t'?ksf] kQfÚ 5 t < h;n] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] ?kdf b]znfO{ jt{dfg ;+j}wflgs ult/f]waf6 aflx/ lgsfNg ;sf];\ . dxflw/fhflw/fhsf] ;Ifdtf of] t'?ksf] kQf olb /x]5 eg] dfcf]jfbL;"u Deal ubf{ o;sf] k|of]u kl5 b]lvg] 5 .

åGådf ;+nUg kIfx¿sf u'0fx¿

/fhgLlts bn jf zlQm s]Gb|x¿ hg;;+:yfx¿ x'g\ h;sf] cl:tTj ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf] nflu hgtfsf] cfjZostfdf ltgsf] ;fGble{stfdf lge{/ /xG5 . /fhgLlts zlQm s]Gb|x¿ cfhGd ;|f]t x'g\ h;n] b]znfO{ pGgltlt/ n}hfg ;S5 / ;Vt åGådf ;+nUg u/fP/ Wj:t ug{ klg ;S5 . g]kfnsf] åGådf ltgLx¿ ;+nUg ePsf]n] ltgLx¿sf] ;jn kIf, sdhf]/L, :jfy{ / nfe a'em\g h?/L 5 .

-s_ /fhf

@)$^ ;fnkl5 / ut dlxgfsf] sbd;Dd klg >L % nfO{ ljZjf;k"j{s ;+ljwfgsf] cEof; ul/aS;]sf] / To;n] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo Joj:yfnfO{ ;+/lIft u/]sf] hz lbOG5 . To;}sf] kl/0ffd :j?k g} lbj+ut dxf/fhflw/fh >L % jL/]Gb|n] hgtfaLrdf nf]slk|otfsf] prfOdf k'luaS:of] . h]7 !(, @)%* sf] b'ef{Uok"0f{ zfxL ;+xf/kl5 >L % 1fg]Gb| /fHof/f]x0f ul/aS:of] / d'n'snfO{ cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf lnOaS:of] . df};"km b[9 lgZroL, af}l4s -h]x]Gbf/_, /fd|f];"u x'ls{Psf], /fhg]tfsf] u'0fn] el/k"0f{, /fhgLlts, Jofkf/Lsf k|aGws, jftfj/0f / ljsf;k|]dL h:tf t[0fd"nb]lv cGt/f{li6«o :t/;Ddsf] lj:t[t cg'ej h:tf u'0fx¿n] k"0f{ JolQmTjsf ?kdf lnOG5 . d'n'snfO{ pGglttkm{ n}hfg df};"kmaf6 w]/} hgtfn] pRr cfsf+Iff -ck]Iff_ /fVg' :jefljs klg 5 . oBlk ;+ljwfg / ax'bnLo k|hftGqk|lt df};"kmn] cfkm\gf] k|lta4tf bf]xf]¥ofP klg ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !@& sf] k|of]usf] df};"kmsf] JofVof, h;sf cfwf/df lgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] ;/sf/nfO{ kmfn]/ nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbnfO{ k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm ul/of] To;}n] w]/} cfnf]rgf 5 / cfz+sf p7fPsf] 5 . oxf" p7]sf] k|Zg eg]s} dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| h:tf] JolQmn] o:tf] sbd lsg lng'k¥of] h;n] df};"km :jo+nfO{ :efjtM åGåsf] s]Gb|df /fVof] eGg] xf] . dflg;x¿ ;f]lr/x]5g\, jt{dfg ;+s6sf] v]ndf df};"kmn] s:tf t'?ksf klQx¿ lnOaS;]sf] 5 . s] df};"km clwgfosjfbL /fhtGq lkmtf{ ug{ pTk|]l/t xf]OaS;G5 . olb df};"km eP g} klg df};"kmn] c?nfO{ ;f]Wg'kb{5 < s] @)%( ;fnsf] g]kfn @)!& ;fnsf] h:t} 5 < hgtfnfO{ PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] dfu{af6 n}hfgsf nflu hgtfnfO{ lbOg] s:tf gLlt / sfo{qmdx¿ df};"km;"u 5g\ . s]xL dflg;x¿ cem} z+sf ub{5g\ ls st} df};"kmsf sbdx¿ @)$^÷)$& ;fndf hgtfdf uPsf] zlQm lkmtf{ lng] hflgbf] jf ghflgbf] OR5fåf/f lgb]{lzt t 5}g . @)!& ;fndf ;Qf ln+bf lktfn] cjnDag u/]sf] sbd;"u df};"kmsf] sbdnfO{ bf"Hg] s]xL k|of; klg s]xLn] u/]sf 5g\ . sfo{sf/L clwsf/ lnOaS;]sf] / jt{dfg åGå b[Zosf] Ps v]nf8L ePsf]n] of] :jefljs klg 5 / /fhf o:tf ljjfb -cfnf]rgf_ af6 clNemg klg kfOaS;Gg .

;+;bsf /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿

;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGq cfTd;ft ug]{ /fhgLlts bnx¿dWo] g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_, g]skf Pdfn] d'Vo zlQm x'g\ . t}klg cGo kf6L{x¿ h:tf] /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{, g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{, ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{ / g]kfn dhb''/ ls;fg kf6L{x¿n] ;+;b\df ;/sf/ lgdf{0f jf clgdf{0fdf cfkm\gf ;fk]lIfs zlQm b]vfPsf 5g\ .

g]kfnL sf+u|];n] k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] tL; jif{] zf;gsfnel/ k|hftGqsf] k'gM:yfkgfsf] nflu ;z:q / zflGtk"0f{ b'j} cfGbf]ng ;+rfng u¥of] . k|hftGq k|flKtkl5sf ljut !@ jif{df ;/sf/df clwst/ /xg] bn klg oxL xf] . ljutdf ;DkGg ePsf tLgj6f /fli6«o cfdlgjf{rgdf k|ltlglw ;efdf b'O{k6s ax'dt klg o;n] NofPsf] xf] . klxn] :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf o;n] :yfgLo ;/sf/sf b'O{ ltxfO{eGbf a9L ;L6 lhTof] . o;sf tLg g]tfx¿ ljutsf jif{df w]/}k6s k|wfgdGqL klg eP . k|hftflGqs ;dfhjfbsf] o;sf] ljrf/, o;sf ldq / cg'ofoLx¿sf] nflu cfsif{0fsf] s]Gb| ePsf] 5 / o;sf lj/f]wLx¿sf nflu Point of enemy . jL=kL= sf]O/fnf, ;'j0f{zDz]/, u0f]zdfg l;+x, s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ h:tf JolQmTjsf] g]t[Tjdf ePsf] k|hftflGqs ;+3if{n] of] j]li7t 5 h'g ;DejtM ;+;f/e/ clåtLo 5 .

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf b'j} 36snfO{ o:tf k|Zgx¿ ;f]Wg ;lsG5 . ljut Psbzssf] ;+;bLo k|hftGqdf tkfO{+x¿sf] cEof; s:tf] /x\of] < hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt ePkl5 tkfO{+x¿n] ltgnfO{ ljZjf;k"j{s ;]jf ug'{eof] t < tkfO{+x¿n] cfkm\g} kf6L{sf lqmofsnfk s;/L Joj:yfkg ul//xg'ePsf] 5 < pk/f]Qm g]tfx¿ -jL=kL=, ;'j0f{, u0f]zdfg, s[i0fk|;fb_ sf] JolQmTjsf] t'ngfdf jt{dfg g]tfx¿sf] cfr/0f s:tf] 5 < hgtfnfO{ PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] dfu{af6 n}hfg tkfO{+x¿;"u s:tf gLlt / sfo{qmdx¿ 5g\ < s;}n] klg s] la;{g' x'"b}g eg] ljut Ps bzsdf kf6L{leq ePsf] c:j:y cfGtl/s ;Qf;+3if{, h;n] h]7 @)%( df pTsif{df k'u]/ kf6L{nfO{ ljefhg;Dd k'¥ofof], To;n] d'n'sdf jt{dfg åGå Nofpg oy]i6 of]ubfg u/]sf] 5 .

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{, h'g g]kfnL sf+u|];sf c;Gt'i6 ;b:ox¿af6 aL;f}+ ztfAbLsf] dWolt/ :yfkgf ePsf] lyof], Pstf / lav08gaf6 ;[lht w]/} cf/f]x–cj/f]xx¿sf afah'b o;n] eo+s/ k|ult u/]sf] 5 . k|f/Dedf ;g\ @))& sf] qmflGt ck"/f] lyof] . o;n] /fhfdf zlQm kmsf{of] eGg] s'/f ;f¥of] . @)!% ;fnsf] ;+;bLo r'gfjdf o;n] hDdf rf/ l;6 lhTof] . t/, @)$^ ;fns} k|hftGq k'g{:yfkgfsf] cfGbf]ngdf / jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0fdf ;+o'Qm jfddf]rf{ d'Vo ;fem]bf/ aGof] . @)%! ;fnsf] dWofjlw / @)%$ sf] :yfgLo r'gfjdf g]skf Pdfn] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] kf6L{ aGof] . cNkdtdf eP klg o;n] @)%!÷)%@ df Psn ;/sf/ ;+rfng / @)%! b]lv @)%^ ;Ddsf] lqz+s' ;+;b\df w]/}k6s ;+o'Qm ;/sf/df ;lDdlnt x'g] df}sf kfof] . Toltv]/ of] kf6L{ ljeflht gePsf] eP @)%^ ;fnsf] cfd lgjf{rgdf o;n] ax'dt Nofpg] lyof] eGg] cg'dfg cBflk 5 . @)%@ ;fndf Psn kf6L{sf] ;/sf/af6 x6\g'k/]sf] kL8f / ax'dtsf] ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj ug]{ cfsf+Iffn] g]skf Pdfn], g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] cfGtl/s åGåsf] cfuf]df £o" yKg c:j:y Jojxf/x¿ u/]sf] ljZjf; klg dflg;x¿ JoQm ub{5g\ . h;n] g]kfndf jt{dfg åGå lgDTofpg klg of]ubfg u/]sf] 5 .

k"j{ k~rx¿sf] kf6L{, /fk|kf / t/fO cfwfl/t kf6L{ ;b\efjgf h:tf b'j} bnx¿ k|hftGqsf] k'g/fbokl5 v'n]sf x'g\ . kf6L{sf] PsLs/0f / ljefhg cg'?k cf/f]x–cj/f]x kf/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . lqz+s' ;+;b\sf] a]nf ha sf+u|]; / g]skf Pdfn] zlQmsf nflu ;+3if{/t lyP, Pp6fsf] lj?4df csf]{sf] kIfdf nfu]/ ltgLx¿n] 7"nf] nfe klg lnP . ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf / nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb h:tf o;sf b'j} g]tfx¿, hf] k~rfot sfnsf klg k|wfgdGqL e};s]sf lyP, ltgLx¿ ;a} lqz+s' ;+;b\sfnd} k|wfgdGqL x'g ;kmn eP . h'g k|hftGqkl5sf] kfr jif{;Dd ;f]lrPsf];Dd lyPg . /fk|kf / ;b\efjgfsf] zlQm, /fhgLltdf cfkm\g} cfr/0fx¿ 5g\ . g]kfnsf] xfnsf] lqkIfLo åGådf ltgn] cfkm\g} 9+un] of]ubfg klg ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{, /fli6«o hgdf]rf{ / g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ ;+;b\sf ;fgf kf6L{x¿df kb{5g\ . g]skf Pdfn] ;lxt oL ;a} /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ lgDg k|Zgx¿ ;f]Wg ;lsG5, ;+;bLo k4ltdf 5fof", ;/sf/ / ljkIfL zlQmsf ?kdf tkfO{+x¿n] s:tf] Jojxf/ ug'{ef] < ha cfkm" ;Qfdf x'g'x'GYof] ;'zf;g k|bfg ug{ tkfO{+x¿n] s:tf sd{x¿ ug{'eof] < tkfO{+x¿n] cfkm\gf kf6L{sf lqmofsnfkx¿nfO{ s;/L Jojl:yt ug'{ePsf] 5 < tkfO{+x¿sf] ljefhg / Pstfsf sf/sx¿ s]–s] x'g\ < jt{dfgsf] b'Mvb\ cj:yfaf6 aflx/ lg:sgsf nflu tkfO{+x¿n] hgtfnfO{ lbg] gLlt / sfo{qmdx¿ s]–s:tf 5g\ <

-u_ dfcf]jfbL

g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ @)$* sf] ;+;bLo r'gfjdf t];|f] 7"nf] bnsf] ?kdf :yflkt ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{ g]kfnaf6 ljeflht ePsf] Pp6f xf"uf] xf] . of] bn @)%! ;fndf ljeflht eof] . ha o;n] cfkm\gf] klxrfgsf nflu n8]sf] sfg'gL n8fO{+ xf¥of], o;n] ;/sf/ ;dIf rfnL; a'"b] dfu /fVof] / xltof/ p7fpgsf nflu e"ldut eof] . dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xn] g]kfndf o:tf] pa{/ e"ld kfof] . dlxnf, u|fdL0f hghflt, blnt / b'u{dsf ;d'bfodfly ePsf] ztfAbLcf}+ k'/fgf] zf]if0f, ltgsf] ljkGgtf, 7"nf] ;+Vofsf] a]/f]huf/ o'jfzlQm, h;n] cfkm\gf] ljBfnoLo lzIffsf] Tolt ;fGble{stf e]§fPg g t gjk|fKt k|hftGq g} . @)$* sf] r'gfjkl5 h'g /fhgLlts bnx¿ ;Qfdf cfP ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] b'Mv x6fpg] ckof{Kt pkfox¿df Wofg lbg / k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgfkl5 a9]sf hgtfsf cfsf+Iff k"/f ug{ g;s]/ cfkm\gf] v/fa zf;gaf6 ltgn] o;nfO{ a9fpg emg\ of]ubfg u/] . :jo+ ;+ul7t u/L o:tf] cfd ;+3if{ ;+rfng ug]{ eofgs Ifdtf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] b]vfPsf 5g\, h'g cfhsf] e"–/fhgLlts ;Gbe{df em08} csNkgLo b]lvG5 . ltgLx¿n] cfGtl/s / afx\o ;|f]taf6 kof{Kt dfgjLo / ef}lts ;|f]t kl/rfng u/]sf 5g\ . ltgLx¿n] lgs} ;lhnf];"u k|x/L zlQmnfO{ k/f:t u/]/ ;]gfnfO{ r'gf}tL lbPsf 5g\ . ltgLx¿s} sf/0fn] xf] tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] :j]lR5s ?kdf ;Qf 5f]8\g'k¥of] . To;kl5 k|wfgdGqL aGg' ePsf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] k|ltlglw;ef lj36g dfq ug'{ePg, cfkm\g} kf6L{ km'6fP/ / sflt{s @&, @)%( df lgwf{l/t ul/Psf] lgjf{rg ;+rfng gu/]/ cfkm}+ ;lsg'k¥of], h;n] /fhfnfO{ ;lqmo /fhgLltdf ws]Nof] / jt{dfg ;+j}wflgs ;+s6 ;[hgf u¥of] . Pskl5 csf]{ ;kmn sbd;fy cGo zlQmx¿nfO{ 5f]8]/ dfcf]jfbLx¿ l;w} /fhf;"u ;fdgf -sGk|mG6_ ug{ cufl8 al9/x]sf b]lvG5g\ . lgz:q hgtf / ltgsf bnx¿ b'O{ ;]gfaLrsf] bf]xf]/f] xfgfxfgsf] ;fdgf ug{ afWo ePsf 5g\ . t}klg ltgk|lt klg k|Zg p7fpg ;lsG5 M jt{dfg g]kfnsf] e"–/fhgLlts ;Gbe{df tkfO{+x¿ ;j{xf/fsf] clwgfosTjnfO{ Jojxfl/s / ;}4flGts ?kdf s;/L ;fljt ug'{x'G5 < cfkm\gf] clGtd nIo k|flKtsf nflu ckgfPsf] dfu{ -dfWod_ nfO{ tkfO{+x¿ s;/L Gofof]lrt l;4 ug'{x'G5 < tkfO{+x¿n] hgtf / ljZj ;d'bfosf] dgdf s:tf] qf; kfg'{ePsf] 5 < s] aGb'sn] bL3{sfn;Dd dfgj dl:tisnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{;S5 / dfG5]x¿n] :j]R5fn] u/]sf xf]nfg\ < jt{dfg b'Mvaf6 d'Qm ug{s} nflu g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ tkfO{+x¿;"u s:tf gLlt / sfo{qmdx¿ df}h'bf ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/x¿nfO{ k|j]z u/fPkl5 s:tf vfnsf ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|:tfj tkfO{+x¿n] ug'{ePsf] 5 < s] zflGt;'/Iff sfod ug]{ / ljsf;sf dfWodaf6 pGgltsf] nflu jftfj/0f k|bfg ug]{ sfo{ tkfO{+x¿ clxn] ;+nUg ePh:tf] xfGg] / efUg] /0fgLlt h:t} ;lhnf] 5 <

åGåsf] b[Zo

dfly pNn]v u/] h:t} of] lqkIfLo åGå jt{dfg g]kfnsf] oyfy{ ePsf] 5 . d'n'snfO{ k/Dk/fut clwgfosjfbL /fhtGq, ax'bnLo ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ;j{xf/fsf] clwgfosTjsf k/s tLg lbzfdf tfg]/ x/]s kIf cf–cfkm\g} andf plePsf 5g\ . :jefjtM åGå/t kIfx¿sf] ;jn kIf dfq 5}g, ltgLx¿sf k/Dk/fut sdhf]/Lx¿ klg 5g\ . ha ltgLx¿ cfkm\gf] ;jn kIf / c?sf] b'j{n kIfdfq b]V5g\ / c?sf] ;jn kIf x'"bfx"'b} cfkm\gf sdhf]/LnfO{ gh/ cGbfh ub{5g\ clg ;d:ofx¿ cfp"5g\ . To;}n] tL kIfx¿ hf] cfkm\gf] ;jn kIfsf e/df c?sf] b'j{n kIfdfly cfqmf]lzt eP/ nfU5, ta nfexfgL -hLtxf/_ sf] cj:yf cfp"5 . ha @)!& ;fndf /fhf dx]Gb|n] ;}lgssf] ;xof]udf ;Qf/f]x0f -s"_ u/] Toxf" /fhfnfO{ nfe lyof] . t/, of] bL3{hLjL t ePg, ha @)$^ ;fndf g]kfnL sf+u|];n] n8fO u¥of], ta k|hftGq k'g:yflkt e}xfNof] . of] clwgfosjfbL /fhfsf] xf/ / /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf] hLt lyof] . Tof] åGån] yk lg/Gt/tf kfPsf] eP /fhf / hgtf b'j}n] xfg]{ cj:yfdf klg k'Ug;Sg] lyP . ;+;bLo k|hftGqleq ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf nflu ha ;xdlt aGof], b'j} kIfsf nflu of] nfe–nfesf] cj:yf x'guof] .

ljut ^ jif{b]lv ;+rflnt dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xn] k|ltlglw;efsf] lj36g, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ljefhg;Dd Nofof] / k|hftflGqs /fli6«o kf6L{x¿nfO{ lgjf{rgdf hfg clgR5's agfof] . lsgls oyfj:yfn] zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf r'gfj ;DkGg x'G5 eGg] s'/fdf pgLx¿nfO{ ljZjf; lbnfpg ;s]g . of] k|hftflGqs kf6L{x¿sf] xf/ / dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] hLt lyof], ha >L % af6 lgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqL b]pjfnfO{ ckb:y ul/aS:of] . k|hftflGqs kf6L{x¿nfO{ yk xfgL, k|f/Dedf /fhfnfO{ nfe k'u]h:tf] b]lvof] . df};"km dfq xf]Og, z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ x6fpg vf]Hg]x¿ klg cfkm" nfesf] cj:yfdf 5f}+ eGg] ;f]r] . rGb dlGqd08nsf] lgo'lQm k|hftflGqs kf6L{x¿n] ltgLx¿sf] ;femf ;+j}wflgs Kn]6kmd{ Ifo u/]sf] a'em]gg\ . of] w]/} ;do /x]g . ha k|hftflGqs kf6L{x¿n] rGb dlGqd08nsf] lgo'lQmn] ltgLx¿sf] ;femf ;+j}wflgs Kn6]kmd{ Ifo u/]sf] a'em] . o;}n] ltgLx¿n] /fhfsf] sbdsf] lj/f]w u/] / df};"km;"u ;+o'Qm ;xsfo{ ug{ c:jLsf/ u/] . h;n] df};"kmnfO{ PSn} lx+8\g afWo u/fof] .

jt{dfg 36gfx¿n] /fhf / /fhgLlts bnx¿aLr -xfgL–xfgL_ xf/–xf/sf] cj:yf klxNo} ;[hgf ul/lbPsf] 5 . kl5 bnx¿n] ;+o'Qm ?kdf /fhf;"u ;+3if{ ug]{ lg0f{o ul/lbP eg] /fhf PSn}n] b'O{ df]rf{df n8\g'kg]{ 5 . Pp6f ;8ssf lgz:q dflg;x¿;"u / csf{ h+unsf ;z:q;"u . ;a} 7"nf /fhgLlts bnx¿ ;Qfaf6 aflx/ ePsfn] /fhf PSn}n] dfcf]jfbLsf] ;fdgf -s–k|mG6_ ug'{kg]{ 5 . h'g ltgLx¿sf] cfkm\gf] /0fgLltsf] Ps c+u g} xf] ls eg]h:tf] klg k|tLt x'G5 . ltgsf cfqmd0fx¿ emg\ pRr:t/ andf x'g yfn]sf]n] w]/} gf]S;fgLsf afah'b klg dfcf]jfbLx¿n] o'4df nfe lnPsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . k|hftflGqs bnx¿ clxn] tTsfn s]xL xf/]h:tf] -u'dfP h:tf]_ b]lvP klg kl5 lgZro g} ;jn eP/ cfpg] 5g\ . s]xL g]tfx¿nfO{ e|i6frf/sf] cf/f]kdf vf]/df /fVb}df tL bnx¿sf] zlQm 36\g] 5}g . k~rfotL Joj:yfn] tL; jif{ bafPkl5 klg zlQmdf cfpg] ;fdYo{ ltgn] klxNo} b]vfO;s]sf 5g\ . s]xL dflg;x¿n] cEof; u/]sf] s'zf;g l;+uf] k|hftflGqs k|0ffnLnfO{ abgfd ug{ / ;du| hg;+VofnfO{ ;hfo" lbg' Gofof]lrt k6Ss} x'g]5}g . ;a} kIfsf] lxt x'g]u/L s'g} klg åGåsf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgsf nflu Pp6f …cy{k"0f{Ú jftf{ h?/L x'G5 . ha;Dd ljjfbsf kIfx¿ cfkm"x¿ …xf/sf] l:yltÚ df aGbL ePsf] dxz'; u5{g\ / o;df b[9tfn] dfq} pgLx¿nfO{ jftf{df a:bf 7"nf] lxtsf] nflu ;fgfltgf lxtnfO{ 5f]8\g tof/ x'G5g\ / ;f] l:ylt b'j}sf] nflu …nfeÚ sf] l:ylt /xG5 . To;sf/0f jftf{n] ;w}+ …n]gb]gÚ a'emfp"5 . To;f] xf] eg] k|Zg p7\5– s] g]kfnsf ljjfbu|:t kIfx¿ j[xt\ lxtsf] nflu ;fgf dte]b TofUg tof/ 5g\ < o;sf nflu pgLx¿n] cfkm\gf] ;jn kIfsf ;fy;fy} sdhf]/LnfO{ klg :jLsfg{'k5{ . o:tf k|Zgsf >[+vnfx¿ ljjfbu|:t kIfx¿nfO{ jftf{df a:g'eGbf cufl8 ;f]Wg ;lsg] k|Zgx¿ 5g\ h;sf] pgLx¿n] pQ/ lbg' clgjfo{ 5 .

ljjfbsf x/]s kIfx¿sf] jf:tljstfdfly cf–cfkm\g} b[li6sf]0f / Ph]08fx¿ x'G5g\ . pgLx¿ cGTodf ;xdltdf cfpg g;Sg'sf] sf/0f klg oxL xf] . o;}sf sf/0f ;xhstf{ jf dWo:ystf{sf] cfjZostf kb{5 h;n] ;Dk"0f{ kIfnfO{ …cy{k"0f{ jftf{Ú sf nflu ;DalGwt kIfx¿nfO{ ;l/s u/fpg ;S5g\ . To;sf/0f ljjfbsf kIfx¿ afx]s jftf{df pgLx¿ rf}yf] kIfsf ?kdf /xG5g\ . h;n] ;f] 6f]nLnfO{ s'zntfk"j{s r/0fa4 ?kdf ;xdltsf] cfwf/df ;a} kIfsf] lxt x'g]u/L tfls{s lgisif{df k'¥ofpg ;kmn x'G5g\ . of] Pp6f pRr k|fljlws sfo{ xf], of] ;a}n] plQs} s'zntfk"j{s ug{ ;Sg]s'/f xf]Og . Pp6f ;xhstf{sf] lqmof s'g} :gfo' zNo lrlsT;ssf] sfdeGbf sd r'gf}tLk"0f{ / hl6n kSs} xf]Og . olb s'g} ;fdfGo dfG5]nfO{ :gfo'zNo lrlsT;sn] zNolqmof ul//fv]sf] 7fp"df n}hfg] xf] eg] p;n] ;f] lrlsT;sn] u/]h:t} ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg ug{ ;S5' h:tf] 7fGb5 To:t}u/L ;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf klg ;fdfGo dfG5]n] x]bf{ To:t} xf] . t/, Pp6} km/s rflx+ s] xf] eg] oxL zNo lrlsT;saf6 uNtL eof] eg] p;n] Pp6f la/fdLnfO{ dfg{ ;S5, t/ olb ;xhstf{n] uNtL u5{g\ eg] clxnsf]] g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df p;n] l;+uf] g]kfnnfO{ gi6 ug{ ;S5g\ .

dfgj ;dfh :jefj}n] ultzLn x'g] x'"bf nfesf] l:ylt :yfoL x'"b}g / åGå :jefljs ?kn] cGt/lglxt /xG5 . o:tf åGåx¿nfO{ k|hftflGqs ;dfhn] ljj]sL 9+un] ;dod} ;Dk"0f{ hgtfsf] ;d'Ggttkm{ Joj:yfkg ub{5 . t/, tfgfzfxL zf;gdf ljjfbx¿nfO{ k|foM bafOG5 h'g kl5 Joj:yfkg ug{ g;lsg] ?kn] ;a}sf nflu vt/gfs x'g] lsl;dn] ljikmf]6 x'G5 . dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] ;jf{xf/f ju{sf] clwgfosjfbL u0ftGqsf] dfu lj=;+= @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg cGtu{t ag]sf] s'g} klg ;/sf/n] k"/f ug{ ;Sb}g . h;/L pgLx¿n] o; dfunfO{ b[9 eP/ bf]xf]¥ofO /x]sf 5g\, o;n] pgLx¿ / lgjf{lrt ;/sf/sfaLr s'g} ;+o'Qm denominator x'g ;Sb}g h;cGtu{t cy{k"0f{ jftf{n] :yfg lng ;sf];\ . jt{dfg /fhgLltsf] sfnf] afbndf Pp6f cfzfsf] ls/0f s] x'g;S5 eg] /fhf :jo+ hf] ;DejtM @)$& sf] ;+ljwfgeGbf dfly uP/ dfcf]jfbL;"u jftf{ ug{ ;lsaS;G5 . h;/L xfn} rGb ;/sf/sf] lgo'lQmsf] qmddf ePsf] 5 . o; kIfaf6 dfq} b]pjf ;/sf/nfO{ avf{:t ug'{sf] cf}lrTo /xG5 . t/, ToxL k|Zg k'gM p7\g ;S5 ls /fhf;"u s'g To:tf] t'?ksf] klQ 5 < h;n] dfcf]jfbL;"u l8n u/f];\ <

jftf{sf k"j{ zt{x¿

ha b]pjf ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLx¿ Joy{ jftf{ >[+vnfx¿df nflu/fv]sf lyP Toltv]/ g} jftf{sf k"j{ zt{x¿ af/]df ;+rf/ dfWoddf ukmsf ljifo ag]sf lyP . To:t} k|sf/sf :j/x¿ :j3f]lift ;xhstf{x¿ h;df k|fljlws ljz]if1tf / cg'ejsf] cefj 5, n] k'gM p7fO/x]sf 5g\ . gful/s ;dfh Pj+ /fhgLlts g]tfx¿ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] cfkm"nfO{ ;'k'b{uL ug'{kg]{ / jt{dfg ;+ljwfgnfO{ /2Lsf] 6f]s/Ldf /fvL gof" ;++ljwfgsf nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ug'{kg]{ dfu klg p7fO/x]sf 5g\ . o;sf JofVoftfx¿n] of] cg'dfg dfq} nufO/fv]sf 5g\ ls o;df dfcf]jfbLx¿ klg cfpg] 5g\ hals pgLx¿n] of] pgLx¿sf] cfkm\g} Ph]08fsf] ?kdf c:jLsf/ ul/;s]sf 5g\ . oBkL sf]xL–sf]xL ;+ljwfg ;efnfO{ hfb'sf] 58Lsf] ?kdf lng] ub{5g\ . t/, of] ;"u} kfG8f]/fsf] afs; h:t} cg]s clglZrttfx¿ hf]l8g ;S5g\ . o;df /fhfsf] cl:tTjdf klg k|Zg cfpg;S5 . h;n] d'n'ssf] ;Dk|e'tfnfO{ ;d]t vt/fdf kfg{;S5 . xf], o:tf ljifox¿ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf a;]kl5 ;dGjosf nflu Ph]08f x'g ;S5g\ t/ o;nfO{ jftf{sf] k"j{ zt{sf] ?kdf eg] lng ;lsb}+g .

;f"Rr} eGg] xf] eg] jftf{sf nflu Psdfq k"j{ zt{ xf]– kf6L{x¿sf] cfTdljZjf;, gd|tf / cfzf . jftf{sf kIfx?df clxn] tLg w|'j b]lvPsf 5g\ / ;xhstf{ rf}yf] kIfsf ?kdf ;fd]n x'g]5 . h;n] ;dfg b"/L /fvL g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsf k|bfg ub{5 . o;df gful/s ;dfhn] pTk|]/ssf] ?kdf sfd ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . jftf{sf kIfx¿ -!_ cfTd ljZjf;M cfTd ljZjf; eGgfn] jftf{sf d'2fx¿df kIfsf] x}l;ot xf] . cfTdljZjf; cGwljZjf; xf]Og, of] t cfkm\gf] p2]Zodf / l:yltsf af/]df ul/g] hfgsf/L / s'zntf xf] h;n] kIfnfO{ csf]{ kIf;"usf] jftf{sf qmddf cfkm\gf dfux¿ /fVg ;Ifd x'G5 . o:tf] lsl;dsf] Ifdtfljgf csf]{ kIf;"usf] jftf{df ;fd]n x'g ;Sb}g . clxn] g]kfnsf] åGåsf] ;Gbe{df kIfx¿;"u pgLx¿sf] l:yltaf6 g]kfnsf] b[Zo k|i6 x'g'kb{5 . h;sf] dfWodaf6 jt{dfg jf:tljstfnfO{ To; eljiotkm{ n}hfcf];\ h'g OR5fP adf]lhd dfq} ge} jf:tljs ?kdf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] rL/:yfoL / ;dfg xf];\ . tL kIfx¿aLr lg/+s'z /fhtGq, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq, ;+ljwfg;ef, u0ftGqfTds jf /fhtGqLo jf ;j{xf/f ju{sf] clwgfosjfbdWo] cfkm\gf] l:ylt s] xf] eGg] s'/fsf] arfj Pj+ cfkm\gf] s'/fdf c?nfO{ dgfpg ;Sg'k5{ . ls lsg ;f] k|0ffnL g]kfnL hgtfsf] nflu cGo ;a} k|0ffnL eGbf km/s /xG5 . oxf" of] klg pNn]v ug{ cfjZos /xG5 ls g]kfnL hgtf :jo+ hf] stf{ Pj+ ;Dk"0f{ kl/jt{g k|lqmof Pj+ /fhgLlts k|0ffnLsf s]Gb|ljGb' x'g\ . pgLx¿n] dfq} oL s'/fx¿ :jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts k|0ffnLsf ;fk]lIfs kmfObf÷a]kmfObfnfO{ jftf{sf] qmddf Ph]08fsf] ?kdf k|:t't ug'{kb{5 / ulx/f] 5nkmn ug'{kb{5 .

gd|tfM ljjfbsf kIfx¿aLr jftf{df /lx/xg rfxg] l:ylt lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu gd|tf csf]{ k"j{ zt{ xf] . oxf" gd|tf eGgfn] csf]{ kIfsf] ljrf/ ;'Gg] u'0f jf bIftf g} xf] rfx] pm;"u p;sf] l:yltsf] Gofof]lrt cfTdljZjf; xf];\ of gxf];\ . o;n] csf{sf] s'/f ;'g]/ cfkm\gf] l:yltnfO{ a'em\g] k|j[lQnfO{ ;+s]t ub{5 . rfx] cfkm\gf] ljifodf p;nfO{ cfTdljZjf; xf];\ of gxf];\ . oxf"g]/ of] dx;'; ug{ h?/L 5 ls jf:tljstf ;f]rfOeGbf hl6n 5 / s'g} Pp6f kf6L{ PSn}n] of] hl6ntfnfO{ a'em\g ;Sb}g . ;fd"lxs k|of;af6 dfq} jf:tljstf kQf nufpg ;lsG5 . h;sf nflu ;Dk"0f{ kIfaf6 Ps} b[li6sf]0f lnP/ cufl8 a9\g' h?/L 5 . of] cy{k"0f{ jftf{af6} ;Dej /xG5 . o;k|sf/sf] ;dem clxn] jftf{ sfod /fVg dxTjk"0f{ l:ylt /fVb5 ls clxn] ;a}nfO{ dfGo x'g] pQd ;dfwfg b]lvPsf] eg] 5}g .

cfzfM t];|f] k"j{ zt{sf] ?kdf cfzfnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . h;n] ;+o'Qm k|of;sf] kmn:j?k kIfx¿nfO{ jftf{df OdfGbf/Lk"j{s nfUg, gof" jf:tljstfdf ljZjf; ug{ k|]/0ff lbG5 / h;n] ubf{ ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ kIfnfO{ lxt k'¥ofcf];\ .

oL tLg k"j{ zt{x¿ k"/f ePgg\ eg] cy{k"0f{ jftf{ ;Dej x"'"b}g . cl3Nnf] ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{nfO{ k5fl8 kms]{/ x]g]{ xf] eg] oL tLgdWo] s'g} klg Ps zt{ kfng ePsf] lyPg . To;}n] o;df cfZro{ dfGg'kg]{ l:ylt 5}g ls slyt jftf{ ;'?jftljgf g} cGt x'gk'Uof] . To;sf/0f clxn] ;dosf] dfu eg]sf] ljjfbsf kIfx¿ Ps} 7fp"df cfpg'kb{5 / jftf{df ;xefuL x'g'k5{ eGg] xf] . o;/L ;a} kIfn] :jtGq ?kn] g]kfnsf] eljiosf] af/]df cfkm\gf] b[li6sf]0f /fVg kfpg]5g\ . / csf{sf] ljrf/ ;'Gg kfpg] 5g\ . clg ;Dk"0f{ ljrf/x¿nfO{ Pslqt u/]/ ;Dk"0f{ kIfnfO{ :jLsfo{ ljrf/ ckgfpg ;lsG5 . tL :jLsfo{ ;dfwfg o;k|sf/ lgdf{0f x'g;S5g\ M

;xhstf{sf sfo{x¿

-s_ åGåsf] ultnfO{ a'em\g'M dfly k|o'Qm k"j{ zt{x¿ adf]lhd sfd u/fpg ;xhstf{sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'G5 . p;n] kIfx¿sf] ljjfbsf ultzLntfnfO{ :ki6 9+un] a'em\g ;Sg'kb{5 .

dfly elgPem}" lqkIfLo åGå kl/b[Zodf hLt–xf/sf] vicious cycle df /x]sf

ha Ps kIfn] lhT5 eg] csf]{n] xf5{ . o;af6 ljjfb tTsfnsf nflu dfq ;fDo x'G5 . ha xfg]{n] cfkm\gf] xf/nfO{ :jLsf/ ub}{g eg] pm klg To:tf] cj;/ s'/]/ a:b5 / k|xf/ ub{5 / cfkm\gf] k/fhonfO{ ljhodf ?kfGt/0f ub{5 . To;}n] vicious cycle sf] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfndf clwgfosjfbL /fhtGq, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / dfcf]jfbLnfO{ o; j[Qdf /fVg ;lsG5 . ha o; j[Q nfdf] ;dosf nflu /xG5, ;a}sf nflu xf/–xf/sf] l:ylt k}bf x'G5 . o:tf] l:yltsf] cfz+sf k}bf ePdf dfq} ljjflbt kIfx¿ j[xQ/ lxtsf nflu ;fgfltgf lxtnfO{ 5f]8]/ cufl8 cfp"5g\ h;n] ;a} kIfnfO{ …hLtÚ sf] l:yltdf k'¥ofp"5 .

-v_ st{Jo k/fo0ftfM ;xhstf{ s]jn k|:yfg ljGb'sf] af/]df hflgkmsf/ eP/ dfq} x'"b}g . kIfx¿nfO{ lglb{i6 ;dembf/Ldf NofO{ jftf{df Nofpg' klg h?/L x'G5 . cfhsn ;xeflutfTds k|ljlwx¿ cEof;df 5g\ . h'g k|:yfg ljGb' klxNofpg ;fd'lxs cg';Gwfgsf nflu k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df g]kfnL t:jL/, pgLx¿sf] k[i7e"ld, ;|f]t / ;fwg, zlQm tyf sdhf]/L, ;d:of tyf c:ki6tf ;Ldfx¿ cfzf Pj+ clenfiffx¿ lrq0f ug'{kb{5 . xfdLn] ljutsf] cg'ejnfO{ ;"ufNb} gof" eljio lgdf{0f ug'{kb{5 . h'g x/]s lsl;daf6 k|ultzLn /xG5 / jf:tljs ?kdf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] bL3{sfnLg Pj+ ;dGjofTds x'G5 . of] lqmof w]/} xb;Dd st{Jok/fo0ftf h:t} xf] eg]/ kfpnf] k|m]o/n] eg]sf 5g\ . To;sf/0f g]kfnsf] lq–kIfLo åGå cToGt} rgfvf] 9+un] Joj:yfkg ug'{kb{5 . o;af6 d'lQm kfpg] s'g} tof/L ;dfwfg 5}g . ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu rgfvf] lqmofsf] cy{k"0f{ jftf{sf] dfWodåf/f ljjflbt kIfx¿sf] lqmof k/fjt{g, lqmofsf] j[Q >[+vnfsf] lgdf{0f ug'{ clxn]sf] dfu xf] . jftf{sf ;xhstf{sf kIfx¿nfO{ xf/–xf/sf] l:yltaf]w u/fO{ :j]lR5s ?kn] cfkm\gf] c8fgnfO{ Go"g u/L ;a} kIfnfO{ nfe–nfesf] l:yltdf ;xdt u/fpg] dxTjk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L /xG5 .

tL ;fdfGo sbdx¿ h'g j[xQ/ lxtsf nflu 5f]8\g ;lsG5 kIfx¿nfO{ sfof{Gjogaf]w u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L ;xhstf{sf] xf] . jftf{df gful/s ;dfhsf] ;xeflutfn] klg d'Vo v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ vicious cycle sf] ;fd'lxs dx;'; u/fpg / nfe–nfe l:yltsf] af]w u/fpg ;xof]uL x'g;S5 .

;d"xsf] ult Joj:yfkgM oBkL ;xhstf{sf] e"ldsf cfkm}+ sfd ug'{ xf]Og, t/ p;n] o:tf] kl/l:yltsf] l;h{gf ug'{kb{5 . hxf" a;]/ kIfx¿ d'2fx¿df ;femf ;xdltsf] lgdf{0f :jLsfo{ 9f"rfdf a;]/ dfly elgP h:t} d'2fx¿df ;femf ;xdlt lgdf{0f ug{ ;s"g\ / o;n] jt{dfg åGådf lgsf; lbg ;sf];\ . ha cfk;df ljk/Lt ljrf/ ePsf ax'kIfx¿ x'G5g\ / csf{lt/ bf]iff/f]k0f ul//xG5g\ . To:tf kIfx¿nfO{ lnP/ ;xsfo{ ug'{ k6Ss} ;/n xf]Og . To;}n] ;Ifd ;xhstf{sf] cfjZostf kb{5 . hf] s'g} kIfsf] lj?4df k"jf{u|xL gxf];\ . p;n] kIfx¿nfO{ pTk|]/0ff ug{ ;Sg'kb{5 / cfjZos k/]sf] a]nfdf s'g} PskIfnfO{ k|efjdf /fvL g]t[Tj k|bfg u/]/ ;Gt'lnt kf/L k"0f{ clwsf/ k|of]u u/L kIfx¿nfO{ ;xh jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . o;sf nflu pm;"u x/]s kIfsf] wf/0ffsf] af/]df /fd|f] bvn x'g'kb{5 / ;d"xsf] ultzLntfnfO{ Joj:yfkg ug{ ;Ifd x'g'kb{5 h;n] ubf{ sfo{ k|ulttkm{ nlDsof];\ . x/]snfO{ :jLsfo{ x'g] l:yltdf gk'u];Dd x/]s sbdnfO{ d"Nof+sg / cg'udg ug{ ;Sg] x'g'kb{5 . o;sf nflu p;n] ;DalGwt kIfx¿nfO{ k'g{cfut pknAw u/fpg ;Sg] x'g'kb{5 h;sf] sfo{nfO{ ;a} ;d"xn] ;sf/fTds 9+uaf6 lng ;s"g\ .

;j{;Ddt lg0f{odf pGd'vLs/0f ;'?jftstf{sf] sfd eg]sf] åGåsf kIfx¿nfO{ jftf{df jf ;dGjosf] 6]a'ndf Nofpg' xf] . g]kfndf o;sf nflu sfo{/t JolQmx¿ k|z:t} b]lvG5g\ . ;xhstf{n] klg s'g} ;dodf ;'?jftstf{sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;S5g\ tfklg p;sf] jf:tljs sfo{ eg]sf] kIfx¿;"u} a:g] ;xdltdf k'u]kl5 dfq} ;'? x'G5 . p;n] ;f] ;d"xsf] lng] sbdnfO{ klxrfg u/L ;j{;Ddt lg0f{osf] k|lqmofdf n}hfg ;Sg'kb{5 . dfgjLo ljefu ;a}eGbf hl6n kIf xf] / kIfx¿sf] dl:tisx¿aLr sfo{ ub}{ pgLx¿nfO{ cfd;xdltdf Nofpg' s'g} dhfs xf]Og . of] sfo{ sl7g 5 o;df z+sf g} 5}g, t/ h;/L x/]s dfgjLo ;d:ofsf] Pp6f g Pp6f ;dfwfg x'G5 of] sfo{ klg c;Dej eg] 5}g . h'g jftf{sf] dfWodaf6 x'g;S5 . o; sfo{sf] ;}4flGts hfgsf/L eP/ dfq x'"b}g . jf:tljs ?kdf cEof; ug{;Sg' kb{5 .

lgisif{M k|wfgdGqL b]pjfnfO{ avf{:t u/L rGbnfO{ k|wfgdGqL agfPb]lv /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] jt{dfg /fhgLltdf PSn} lx+8\g] lg0f{o u/]sf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . /fhgLlts bnx¿n] /fhf;"u ;xsfo{ ug{ gdfg]kl5 ;do;"u} kfvf nfu]sf b]lvG5g\ . tfklg cem} o:tf] zlQmsf] k|ltlglwTj ub{5g\, h;n] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqdf ljZjf; ub{5g\ . dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]x h;n] ;+ljwfgsf] kl/jt{gsf] l:ylt l;h{gf u/]sf 5g\, b'j}nfO{ r'gf}tL lbO/fv]sf 5g\ . o; sf/0f g]kfndf ljsl;t o; lqkIfLo åGåk|lt ljZj cfslif{t ePsf] 5 . clxn] x/]snfO{ åGåsf] l:yltaf6 d'lQm kfpg ;Ifd ;xhstf{sf] Joj:yfkgdf cy{k"0f{ jftf{ h?/L dx;'; e}/fv]sf] 5 .

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