sf7df08f}+, dfu{ @( @)%(

klxnf] kfgf

kf6L{x¿ l/´fpg /fhf cfkm} ;lqmo
sf+u|]; c8fgdf sfod, Pdfn] km:g] cfz+sf

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . dlGqkl/ifb\ u7g / lj:tf/df /fhgLlts lj3l6t k|ltlglw;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ bnx¿sf] cl:tTjnfO{ cj1f ub}{ cufl8 a9]klg ljt]sf] xKtf /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx¿nfO{ l/emfpg >L % dxf/fhflw/fh cfkm} cu|;/ xf]OaS;]sf] 5 . ut xKtf g} >L % af6 g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf, Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn / /fk|kfsf lgjt{dfg cWoIf ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfnfO{ bz{g e]6 lbO{ b]zsf] /fhgLlts cj:yfsf af/]df ljrf/ ljdz{ ul/aS;]sf] lyof] .

pRr ;"qn] hgfP cg';f/ laxLaf/ >L % / g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf aLr nfdf] ljdz{ ePsf] 5 . pQm cj;/df sf+u|]; ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] ;+;b k'gM:yfkgf ubf{ To;af6 >L % ljjfb d'Qm /xg] / ;d:of ;dfwfgdf ;xof]u k'Ug] s'/f lj:tf/df jtfpg' ePsf lyof] . pxf"sf cg';f/ ;+;b aflx/af6 aGg] ;/sf/sf] x}l;ot ;w} k|Zgdf /xg] 5 . To;nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] ljGb'df gk'uL r'gfj ug]{ cj:yf cfp"b}g . r'gfj geO{ k|ltlglw;ef aGb}g clg ah]6 k'gM cWofb]zaf6 Nofpg] kg]{ x'G5 . of] hgk|ltlglwd"ns Joj:yfsf] lj?4 x'G5 . hf/L ul/Psf cWofb]zx¿ k]z 7fp" x'"b}g t/ ;+;b k'gM:yfkgf ul/Pdf ;/sf/ To;n] agfp"5 . cWofb]zx¿ ;+;b ;dIf k]z x'g kfp"5g\, ltgn] sfg'gsf] ?k wf/0f ub{5g\ . ;+;b rNof] eg] ;+j}wflgs k|lqmof ;'rf? ?kn] rN5 . ;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ kf6L{x¿sf] ;xdlt lnP/ ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;S5 . ;/sf/ s'g :j?ksf], cNkdtsf], Psn, ;+o'Qm jf s:tf] agfpg] Tof] ;+;bLo kf6L{x¿sf] ;xdltn] to x'G5 . To;n] u/]sf sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L p;}n] lng] eP kl5 /fhf ljjfbaf6 ;w} dfly /lxaS;G5, ;+ljwfgn] c+lusf/ u/]sf] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] dof{lbt :yfgdf .

o; k6ssf] jftf{ jftfj/0f ;xh agfpg lrofsf] aGbf]a:t klg ul/Psf] lyof] . >L % ;+usf] e]6jftf{df To:tf] cj;/ lj/n} h'6\5 . sf]O/fnfsf s'/f df};"kmn] ;'lgalS;of] / x's'd eof], wf/f !@* cg'?ksf] ;/sf/ agfpbf s:tf] x'G5 < sf]O/fnfn] l;w} To;df hfg l9nf] ePsf] ts{ lbg'eof] . sf]O/fnfn] g]kfnL sf+u|]; k|ltlglw;ef ljgfsf] ;/sf/df ghfg] s'/f klxNo} :ki6 ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . dxf/fhflw/faf6 clxn] sf+u|]; nufot /fhgLlts bnx¿n] ;+rfng u/]sf cfGbf]ngsf] cj:yf / To;sf] kl/0ffdsf jf/]df klg lh1fzf /flvaS;]sf] lyof] . ;"qx¿sf cg';f/ cfGbf]ngsf] cj:yf ljBdfg /xg' / nlDab} hfg' df};"km ;/sf/ / b]znfO{ lxts/ gx'g] s'/f Tolt a]nf sf]O/fnfn] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] .

sf]O/fnfnfO{ e]6]sf] ef]lnkN6} dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 g]skf Pdfn]sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnnfO{ klg bz{ge]6 lbOaS;]sf] 5 . dxf;lrj g]kfn / /fhfaLr ePsf s'/fx¿sf] v'nf;f ePsf] 5}g . t/ dxf;lrj g]kfnn] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf ca k|ltlglw;efsf] k'gM:yfkgfdf kms{g g;lsg] a? r'gfj 3f]if0ff u/]/ gof" k|ltlglw;ef lgjf{lrt ug'{kg]{ c8fg /fVb} cfpg'ePsf] lyof] .

ut a'waf/ ljxfg} dxf;lrj g]kfn / /fk|kf cWoIf yfkf sf]O/fnf lgjf; k'Ug'ePsf] lyof] . sf+u|]; ;efklt sf]O/fnf;"u e]6jftf{df dxf;lrj g]kfnn] /fhf cfkm\gf] uNtL ;RofP/ wf/f !@* cg';f/sf] ;/sf/ u7g ug{ tof/ /x]sf] s'/fdf ljZjf; dq lbnfpg vf]Hg'ePg, Tof] ;/sf/df ;xefuL x'g cfu|x ub}{ ;8s cfGbf]ngnfO{ lj>fd lbg pko'Qm x'g] /fo klg /fVg'eof] . /fk|kf cWoIf yfkfn] klg g]kfnhL ldnfp"5' eGg'x'G5, Ps k6s df}sf lbp" eGg] vfnsf] cleJolQm lbg'eof] . b'a} hgfsf] dg kUnL;s]sf] cf+sng ug'{ePsf sf]O/fnfn] olt dfq elglbg'eP5, tkfO{+x¿ hfg'x'G5, hfgf];\, t/ To:tf] ;/sf/df sf+u|]; ;xefuL x'"b}g .

z'qmjf/ klg sf+u|]; ;efklt sf]O/fnf / Pdfn] dxf;lrj g]kfnaLr jftf{ ePsf] atfOG5 . pQm jftf{df eg] g]kfn km/s ?kdf k|:t't x'g'ePsf] bfjL ;'qx¿sf] 5 . Pdfn]s} g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ aGof] eg] klg dfcf]jfbLn] kTofOlbPgg\ / ;dodf r'gfj ug{ g;s] Pdfn]sf] /fhgLlt g} ;dfKt x'g] vfnsf] l:ylt cfpg] s'/f cjut u/fPkl5 pxf" To;k|lt ;xdt x'g' ePsf] lyof] . Pp6f s'/f :ki6 5, Pdfn]sf] g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/df dfcf]jfbL jftf{df cfp"b}g . ;d:of ;'NemfPsf] h; Pdfn]n] lnof] eg], pm g} d"n jfdkGyL /fhgLlts zlQm /xG5, dfcf]jfbL /xGg . em08} & jif{sf] cjlwdf b]znfO{ KofnfOg ug]{ ;+;bLo k|lqmof cj?4 ug]{, /fhgLlts ;"Gotf sfod ug{ ;Sg], cfkm\g} ;]gf pTkfbg u/L /fli6«o ;]gflj?4 nl8/x]sf] s'g} zlQm ckm\g} ;uf]qL bneGbf tn kg]{ u/L jftf{df cfp"b}g .

Tof] :i6 5 . Tof] cj:yfdf Pdfn]sf] ;Qf/f]x0fsf] / ;Qfdf uP/ r'gfj u/L ax'dt Nofpg] ;kgf, :yfgLo lgsfodf @)%$ ;fndf h:tf] Psnf}6L kfg]{ ;kgf d[udl/lrsf ;Lldt x'G5 .

Pdfn] g]tfx¿nfO{ >L % sf ;xof]uLx¿n] h] eg]/ kmsfP klg pRr ;"qx¿ eG5g\, >L % dxf/fhflw/fh c;f]h !* k"j{sf] cj:yfdf xf]Og, c;f]h !* kl5 c;f]h @$ ;Ddsf] cj:yfdf kmls{g tof/ xf]OaS;G5 . pQm ;dofjlwdf /fhgLlts bnx¿n] k|wfgdGqL /fhfaf6 lgo'Qm ug]{ / ;f]xL k|dn] /fhgLlts bnx¿;"usf] k/fdz{dcf ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ agfpg' pko'Qm x'g] ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . dxf/fhflw/fh clxn] k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb afx]ssf ;a}nfO{ x6fP/ Tof] 7fp"df 7"nf /fhgLlts bnsf] k|ltlglwTj u/fpg tof/ xf]OaS;]sf] 5 . To;}n] Pdfn]n] ;/sf/ k|d'vsf] cfZjf;g kfP klg p;n] !@* cGtu{tsf] ;/sf/df kfpg] 7"nf] efu eg]sf] pkk|wfgdGqL xf] . o;df xf]; gk'¥ofP Pdfn] g/fd|f];"u km:g ;S5 . lsgls >L % af6 k|d rGbn] ^ dlxgf ;dolbg' kg]{ s'/f sf]O/fnf;dIf g} /flvaS;]sf] lyof] . t/ sf]O/fnfn] To;sf] tTsfn k|ltjfb ul/lbg'eof] .

Pdfn] / sf+u|];n] ;/sf/df ;xefuL gx'g] xf] / xfn rln/x]sf] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;+o'Qm ?kdf a9fpg] xf] eg] >L % nfO{ cfkm\gf] sbd ;Rofpg s/} nfU5 . lsgls ab\gfd eP elgPsf /fhgLlts bnsf kIfdf hgdt pn{b} 5 / ;Ifd elgPsf] ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] @ dlxg] sfo{sfndf >L % af6 ;'lDkPsf kf"rj6f dWo] Pp6f lhDd]jf/L klg k"/f ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . >L % cfkm} kf] ;/sf/sf] sfo{z}nLk|lt c;Gt'i6 /lxaS;]sf] 5 . ca o;sf] ;kmntf c;kmntfsf] lhDd]jf/L >L % df hfg l:ylt ePsf]n] >L % klg To;af6 d'lQm vf]lhaS;]sf] k|tLt x'G5 .

cfon lgud 8'afpg]sf] vf]hL

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . tLg bzs cufl8b]lv pkef]Qmf cfh k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ ;j{;'ne ?kdf ub}{ cfPsf] ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf] g]kfn cfon lgudn] Ol08og cfon lgudnfO{ k'if !% b]lv df3 !% ut] ;Ddsf] t]nsf] d"No r'Qmf ug{sf nflu ljQLo ;+:yfgn] #) s/f]8 ?k}of lng'kg]{ l:yltdf cfon lgud k'u]kl5 o;sf] cfly{s l:ylt w/fzf agfpg]nfO{ 5fgljg ;ldltn] s73/fdf k'¥ofpg] ;Defjgf a9]sf] 5 . lgudsf] clgoldttf 5fgljg ug]{ k"j{ GofowLz 6f]kaxfb'/ l;+xsf] cWoIftfdf kf"r ;b:oLo sfo{bn u7g ePsf] 5 . lgudn] k'; !% ut];Ddsf nflu k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ Nofpg Ol08og cfonnfO{ d+l;/ @^ df dfq ! cj{ & s/f]8 hlt ef? r'Qmf u/]sf] lyof] eg] cl3Nnf] dlxgf *% s/f]8sf] xf/fxf/Ldf r'Qmf u/]sf] lyof] . ut dlxgfsf] cg'kftdf /sd r'Qmf ug'{ k/]df lgudn] t]n ljqmLaf6 cfPsf] /sddf #) s/f]8 /sd yk u/L a'emfpg'kg]{ x'G5 . oxL k|a[lQn] ubf{ !! dlxgf;Dd 3f6f Joxf]bf{ ;+:yfg;"u /x]sf] $ cj{ ?k}of" art ;lsP/ C0f lng'kg]{ cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] lgud ;"qsf] bfjL 5 . lgudnfO{ ;a}eGbf 3f6f dl§t]ndf ePsf] bfjL ul/G5 . ;/sf/n] Uof"; / k]6«f]nsf] efpdf a[l4 u/]kl5 dl§t]nsf] efpdf PsfPs a[l4 ePsf] 5 / yk 3f6f Joxf]g'{ k/]sf] 5 . ut dlxgf lgudn] #% xhf/ % ;o lsnf] ln6/ dl§t]n leq\ofPsf] lyof] eg] cufl8sf] dlxgfdf #) xhf/ lsnf] ln6/ dfq NofPsf] lyof] . dl§t]nsf] efpdf a[l4 x'gfsf] sf/0f lgDgdWod kl/jf/df Uof";sf] efp a9]sf]n] dl§t]n pkef]u a9\g ;Sg] Pp6f ;Defjgf 5 eg] k]6«f]n l8n/x¿n] dl§t]n ld;fP/ a]r]sf] x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf plQs} 5 . k]6«f]n / dl§t]nsf] d"No km/s k|lt ln6/ #% 5 . hf8f] a9\b} uPsf]n] ;a} kbfy{sf] vkt / dfu a9\g] u/]sf] 5 . ut dlxgf k]6«f]nsf] % xhf/ @ ;o lsnf] ln6/, l8h]n @) xhf/ lsnf] ln6/, Pn=kL= Uof"; $ xhf/ ! ;o d]l6«s 6g NofOof] eg] cl3Nnf] dlxgfdf k]6«f]n % xhf/ lsnf] ln6/, l8h]n !( xhf/ @ ;o lsnf] ln6/ / Pn kL $ xhf/ d]l6«s 6g NofOPsf] lyof] .

ptf lgudsf] clgoldttf, r'xfj6 / 3f6fdf hfg'sf] d"n sf/0f dQf nufpgsf nflu tTsfnLg GofowLz 6f]kaxfb'/ l;+x cWoIf /x]sf] pRr % ;b:oLo sfo{bn u7g u/L !% lbg leqdf 5fgljg ug{ nufOPsf] lyof] . pQm ;ldltn] d+l;/ !) ut] af6 sfd yfn]sf] lyof] t/ ;don] ck'u ePkl5 sfo{ ;dfkg ug{sf nflu yk ! dlxgf ;do yKg ;ldltn] ;/sf/;"u dfu u/]sf] 5 . pQm ;ldltsf cWoIf tyf dfggLo GofowLz l;+xn] b]zfGt/;"usf] jftf{df eGg'eof]– æ5fgljgsf] qmd rNb}5 . ;+:yfg 8'afpg hf]–sf]xLsf] xft /x] klg To:tf] JolQmnfO{ g5f]8L sfo{jfxLsf nflu l;kmfl/; ;lxt ;/sf/ ;fd' k|ltj]bg a'emfOg] 5 .Æ pxf"sf cg';f/ s'g} klg ;/sf/n] /fli6«o cfo;|f]t x'g] j:t' dfly kbdf /x]/ yfxf kfOkfO{ lg0f{o ug{ g;s]df To;nfO{ klg kbsf] b'?kof]u 7fgL sfo{jfxL ug{ ;lsG5 . To;}n] tTsfnLg pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo dGqLx¿dfly sfo{jfxLsf] l;kmfl/; x'g ;S5 . kbdf a;]/ ;lx lg0f{o ug{ g;sL ;+:yfnfO{ gf]S;fgL ug'{ klg ck/fwsf ?kdf lng ;lsg] bfjL klg sltkosf] 5 .

@)%( ;fn ;fpgsf] t];|f] ;ftfdf pBf]u tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnosf ;x–;lrj sNof0faxfb'/ k|wfgsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t pRr:t/Lo ;ldltn] ;d]t lgudn] b}lgs ! s/f]8 ?k}of" rf/ dlxgf cufl8 b]lv 3f6f Joxf]b}{ cfPsf] 8/nfUbf] l/kf]6{ k|:t't\ u/]sf] lyof] . Tof] l/kf]6{ pBf]u jfl0fHo / cfk"lt{ dGqLn] kfpgf;fy & lbg leqdf 6'+uf] nufpg] k|lta4tf JoQm u/]sf lyP . Toltv]/ ;ldltn] k]6«f]n k|lt ln6/ $* b]lv %), dl§t]n @) b]lv @@, l8h]n #) / vfgf ksfpg] Uof";df ! ;o %) a9fpg'kg]{ ;'emfj ;ldltn] lbPsf] lyof] . t/ r'gfjsf] d'vdf d"No a9fpbf ef]6 36\nf eg]/ b]pjf ;/sf/n] lg0f{o ug{ ;s]g . kl/0ffd lgud 8'Aof] .

lgudn] u'0f:t/ gx]g]{, dl§t]nsf] a]Un} l8n/ aGg]

;/sf/n] PstkmL{ ?kdf cWoog ljgf g} c;Gt'lnt ?kdf k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Nodf a[l4 u/]kl5 ld;fj6 tLa| x'g hf"bf lgudn] ;/sf/nfO{ cfkm"x¿n] u'0f:t/ x]g{ g;Sg] wDsL lbg yfn]sf 5g\ . To:t} e/v/} a;]sf] jf]8{sf] a}7sn] dl§t]nsf] l8n/ /fVg]x¿nfO{ c? k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] l8n/ /fVg glbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

/fhfk'/df bf]xf]/f] qf;, ;'/Iff an cfkm\g} ;'/Iffdf s]lGb|t

/fd]Zj/ af]x/f

g]kfnu~h . em08} cf7 dlxgf cl3b]lv alb{ofsf] /fhfk'/ If]qdf sfod /x]sf] dfcf]jfbLsf] Ps5q /fhnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ a;fOPsf] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iff kmf}hsf] :yfoL a];SofDk cGttM cfkm\gf] ;'/Iffdf dfq s]lGb|t x'g'k/]sf] 5 . a}zfvsf] klxnf] ;ftfb]lv /fhfk'/ If]qdf ;'/Iff lgsfosf] pkl:ylt g/x]kl5 dfcf]jfbLsf] dfq dgf]dfgL /fh rn]sf] ;f] If]qdf dfcf]jfbL ultljlw lgoGq0f ug{ / ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;'/Iffsf] cg'e"lt u/fpg egL tLg ;ftfcl3b]lv ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] :yfoL j];SofDk :yfkgf ul/Psf] lyof] .

klxnf] k6s ;'/Iff lgsfosf] a];SofDk :yfkgf u/fOPkl5 /f]lsg'kg]{ cfzf ul/Psf] dfcf]jfbL ultljlw emg} a9]sf] 5 . xTof–ckx/0f / n'6kf6sf 36gf oyfjt 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf 8/n] ;j{;fwf/0f ufp" 5f]8]/ cGoq lj:yfkg x'g] qmd klg /f]lsPsf] 5}g . alb{ofsf P3f/ uflj; cjl:yt /fhfk'/ If]qsf] nueu dWoefudf kg]{ dfgk'/–6k/fdf xfn cfP/ ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] :yfoL a];SofDk :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnu~h / u'nl/ofaf6 u/L xfn;Dd em08} $ ;o -zfxL ;]gf, ;z:q k|x/L / hgkbk|x/L_ ;'/Iff sdL{x¿nfO{ Toxf" v6fO;lsPsf] 5 .

t/ ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] a];SofDk /flvPsf] dfgk'/ 6k/fdf g} dfcf]jfbL ultljlw emg} tLa| ePkl5 ;'/Iff lgsfon] dfcf]jfbL ultljlw lgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg] c8\sn /fhfk'/fjf;Lx¿n] ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . :yfgLo Ps afl;Gbf eG5g\– æ5]pd} cfP/ ad k8\sfp5g\, ufp"n]x¿nfO{ n'6]/ hfG5g\, v} ;'/Iff lgsfon] s]xL ug{;Snf h:tf] 5}g .Æ ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] a];SofDk a;]sf] 7fp" glhs}sf eQmaxfb'/ If]qLsf] dfcf]jfbLn] xTof u/]sf 5g\ .

;'/Iff kmf}hsf] a];SofDk /fhfk'/ If]qdf a;fOPsf] lbgb]lv g} dfcf]jfbLn] ;'/Iff lgsfo lj?4sf] cfqmfds ultljlw ;'? ul/;s]sf 5g\ . 7fp"–7fp"df ;'/IffsdL{x¿nfO{ nlIft u/L PDa'; lj:kmf]6gsf k|of; eO/x]sf 5g\ . b'j}tkm{sf] qf;af6 cfqmfGt :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿ eG5g\– æPsflt/ PDa';df kl/g] xf] ls eGg] ;Gqf; 5 eg] csf]{tkm{ laikmf]6g ePsf] 7fp"glhs} eP ;'/IffsdL{åf/f dfl/g] 8/ .Æ Toxf" t}gfy ;'/IffsdL{ / dfcf]jfbL b'j}n] u:tL ug{ yfn]kl5 /fhfk'/jf;Lx¿df csf]{ ;Gqf; ylkPsf] 5 . b'j}kIfn] l;len 8«];df u:tL ug]{ u/]sf 5g\– sf] dfcf]jfbL xf], sf] ;'/IffsdL{ lrGg} ufx|f] 5Æ q:t /fhfk'/jf;Lx¿ eG5g\–æklxnf a? Psflt/sf] 8/ dfq} lyof], ca bf]xf]/f] qf;df af"Rg] kf] s;/L xf] <Æ

Jofkf/LM rf/yl/nfO{ b'x'gf] ufO{ †

;a} txsf e|i6frf/ lgoGqsf] sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;~rfng u/L cfly{s cg'zf;g, kf/bzL{tf / ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf nflu ;]jfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/L ;'zf;gsf] k|Tofe"lt sfo{b]z lnP/ gof" ;/sf/ u7g ePkl5 9'Ss ePsf Jofkf/Lx¿ clxn] rf/lt/af6 ;tfOg yfn]sf 5g\ Jofkf/LnfO{ t;f{P/ k};femfg{ vf]Hg]df pkTosfsf s]xL k|x/L s]xL jlsn, kqsf/ / u[x /fhZj cGt{utsf sd{rf/Lx¿ 5g\ ;a}n] s/ 5n]sf], gSsnL gful/stf lnPsf], sd eG;f/ lt/L ;fdfg cfot u/]sf] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] cj}w sf/f]jf/ u/]sf] cf/f]k nufP/ vNtL eg]{ u/]sf 5g\ . b'O{ b'O{ hgf Jofkf/L dGqL ePsf] a]nf b]vf k/]sf] of] ljs[ltnfO{ lj8Djgf dflgPsf] 5 .

/fhfsf] kf6L{ aGg] tof/Ldf /fk|kf

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

kf]v/f . æ;+s6sf] cj:yfdf >L % dxf/fhflw/fhn] ;lqmo e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ kfpg'k5{Æ eGg] k|:tfj kfl/t u/]kl5 clxn];Dd sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf lglDt e/f];fof]Uo /x"b} cfPsf] df}sfsf] ;fem]bf/, j}slNks k|hftflGqs kf6L{ /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ /fhfsf] lk|o ag]/ ;Qf/f]x0f ug]{ dfu{df cu|;/ x'g vf]h]sf] ;Gb]z lbPsf] 5 . clwj]zgsf] pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf cfkm\g} kf6L{sf k|wfgdGqLnfO{ /fhfsf] v]tfnfsf] ;+1f lbg'x'g] / >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 c;f]h !* ut] aS;]sf] zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] lj?4df sf+u|];–Pdfn];"u ;dj]t cfjfh p7fpg] kf6L{ cWoIf ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfsf] nfOg oxL clwj]zgaf6 k/flht x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf klg b]lvPsf] 5 . /fk|lfleq pbf/ / a9L k|hftGqjfbL 5ljsf b]lvg' x'g] yfkfsf] g]t[Tjaf6 jlxu{dg / cg'bf/jfbLsf] k|lt:yfkg x'g uPdf /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ blIf0fkGyL kf6L{sf ?kdf ?kfGtl/t x'g] hf]lvd a9\g] :ki6 b]lvG5 . xfn;Dd o;n] dWodfuL{, j}slNks k|hftflGqs zlQmsf ?kdf cfkm"nfO{ k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] . /, ToxL 5ljsf sf/0f o;n] ;+;b\df @) l;6 lhTbf @ hgfnfO{ k|wfgdGqL, ! hgfnfO{ pk;efd'v af"sLnfO{ dGqL agfpg Eofof] . yf]/} l;6 eP klg /fli6«o ;efsf] cWoIf k8\sfof] . of] t];|f] clwj]zgdf /fk|kfn] cfkm\gf] ljwfgdf ;d]t ;+zf]wg u/]sf] 5 .

;+zf]lwt ljwfg cg';f/ s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ca $% ;b:o /xg]5g\ . klxn] $! lyof] . h;df s]Gb|Lo ;b:odf cWoIf ;lxt @# hgfsf] lgjf{rg x'g]5 . lgjf{lrt s]Gb|Lo ;b:osf] s'n ;+Vofdf @) k|ltzt l;6 dlxnfnfO{ cf/lIft ul/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L lhNnfdf 36Ldf @! hgfsf] sfo{;ldlt aGg]5 . To;jfx]s x/]s lgjf{rg If]qaf6 @ hgf ;b:ox¿ lhNnf sfo{;ldltdf /xg] k|fjwfg /flvPsf] 5 . To:t} kf6L{af6 ;/sf/df k|ltlglwTj ug]{ kf6L{sf] g]tf k"j{ kf6L{ cWoIfx¿ :jtM kb]g ;b:o /xg] Joj:yf klg ul/Psf] 5 .

;a}eGbf ljjfbf:kb ?kdf /x]sf] Ps kb ln"bf Ps kb 5f8\g'kg]{ k|fjwfgdf k"0f{ a}7ssf ;b:on] 7"nf] cfklQ hgfPsf lyP . ljutsf] ljwfg cg';f/ ;fljssf] kbeGbf dflysf] kbdf pDd]bjf/L lb"bf tNnf] kb :jtM /2 x'g]df ca cfP/ lht]df dfq ;f] kbdf kms{g gkfOg] cGoyf xf/]df ;f]xL kb sfod} /xg] agfOPsf] 5 .

pQm ljwfgdfly 5nkmn x'"bf k|ltlglwx¿n] Jofks ?kdf xf]xNnf / x'l6ª u/]sf lyP . lrtjgs} Ps k|ltlglw d'lQm/fh kGtsf cg';f/ * ;o eGbf a9L k|ltlglwn] c;xdlt hgfp"bf hgfp"b} s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] anhkmt kfl/t u/]sf] lyof] . t/ ;f] af/]df k|jQmf yfkfn] eg] ax'dtsf cfwf/df ljwfg kfl/t ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] .

cg'df]lbt sfo{kqx¿df /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, cfly{s, hghflt / t/fO{jf;L, ;fdflhs ;]jf / dxfdGqLsf] k|ltj]bg /x]sf 5g\ . k|jQmf yfkfåf/f k|:t't /fhgLlts sfo{kqdf d'n'ssf] jt{dfg ;Gbe{, cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:ylt, dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;DaGwdf /fk|kfsf] b[li6sf]0f cflb ljifox¿ ;d]l6Psf 5g\ .

/fhgLlts k|ltj]bgdf dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu jftf{nfO{ k|d'v ?kdf cufl8 ;fl/Psf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf unt lqmofsnfk lgoGq0fsf nflu ;'/Ifflgsfox¿sf] of]hgfj4 Pj+ ;dGjofTds kl/rfngnfO{ hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ /fli6«o /fhgLltsf] d"n wf/df Nofpg k|oTg ul/g'kg]{, e|i6frf/ / c;dfgtf h:tf ljifosf] lgjf/0fsf nflu j[xt /fli6«o ;xdlt sfod ul/g'kg]{ k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v 5 .

kf6L{sf] k"0f{ a}7sdf cg'df]lbt cfly{s sfo{kqdf gjf}" of]hgfsf] ljsf;sf] nIodf s[lif If]qsf] pTkfbg, j[l4b/ nIoeGbf em08} Ps ltxfO{ sd /x]sf], /fhZjaf6 ljsf; vr{ ## k|ltztn] Joxf]g]{ nIo /x]sf]df of] !&=& k|ltztn] tn em/]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . @)$^ ;fndf d'n'ssf] j}b]lzs C0f @( c/j ePsf]df @)%* ;fn;Dd @ ;o & c/jeGbf a9L x'g k'u]sf] klg pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

;fdflhs sfo{kqdf g]kfnL d"No dfGotfnfO{ sfod /fVb} g]kfnL ;dfhnfO{ ;Eo, ;d'Ggt / cu|ufdL t'Nofpg :ki6 b[li6sf]0f / Ifdtf /fk|kf;"u ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

cflbjf;L ;DaGwL k|ltj]bgdf hghfltnfO{ x]l/g] b[li6sf]0fdf kl/jt{g ul/g'kg]{, hghflt k|lti7fgnfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg / cfly{s ?kdf ;d'Ggt agfOg'kg]{, ;+ljwfgsf c;dfg / e]befjk"0f{ wf/fx¿ ;+zf]wg ul/g'kg]{ nufotsf dfux¿ ul/Psf] 5 .

o;}u/L t/fO{jf;L ;DaGwL sfo{kqdf gful/stfsf] ;jfnnfO{ dxtj lbOPsf] 5 . t/fO{jf;LnfO{ klg /fhgLlts / k|zf;lgs b[li6sf]0faf6 :yfg lbOg'kg]{, nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] k/Liffsf ;Gbe{df klg t/fO{jf;LnfO{ e]befj ug{ gx'g] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

dlxnf rf/ ljhoL

k|ltef /f0ff ()%, /]0f' ofbj *((, b'uf{ >]i7 &@#, /f]zg sfsL{ ^*^ / kf"rf}"df u+uf a/fn #!! /x]sf 5g\ . h;sf !# hgf k|lt:kwL{ /x]sf lyP .

!* s]Gb|Lo ;b:odf ^$ pDd]bjf/ /x]sf]df /flt cj]/ ;do;Dd kl/0ffd cg';f/ sdn yfkf, a'l4dfg tfdfª, w|'j tfdfª, hoGt rGb, ;"o{axfb'/ s]=;L= nufotsf pDd]bjf/x¿ cufl8 /x]sf 5g\ . s]Gb|Lo ;b:osf] u0ffkl5 cWoIfsf] dt ulgg] 5 .

yfkfsf] dt nf]xgLnfO{

/fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf cWoIf ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] cfkm\gf] dtkqdf lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] x:tfIf/ gePkl5 k'gM Psrf]l6 xfn]sf] dtnfO{ bf];|f] rf]l6 k|of]u ug'{k¥of] .

To;}u/L, ;f]xL kf6L{sf dxfdGqL Pj+ cWoIf kbsf k|Tof;L csf]{ pDd]bjf/ kz'kltzdz]/ hj/fn] ;'?df cWoIf kbsf nflu cfkm"nfO{ 5f]8]/ 8f=nf]xgLsf] sf]7fdf 5fk nufpg'eof] kl5 pxf" em:sg'eof] / Tof] dtkq tTsfn} Rofltlbg'eof] . pxf"nfO{ csf]{ dtkq k|bfg ul/of] .

cWoIf yfkfn] ;'?df dt xfNg' ePsf] lyof] . ;f]xL jvt g} dtkq x]bf{ cfo'Qmsf] ;xL g} gePsf] yfxf kfPkl5 Aofn]6 aS;leq v;]sf] dtkqnfO{ k'gM aflx/ NofO{ x:tfIf/ u/L l5/fOPsf] lyof] .

lgjf{rg ;DalGwt Ps sd{rf/Lsf cg';f/ cWoIf yfkfn] cWoIf kbdf 8f=k|sfzrGb| nf]xgLnfO{ g} cfkm\gf] dt lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

cWoIf yfkfsf] dtdf dtbfg clws[tsf] ;xL gePsf] b]v]kl5 cGo dtkqdf dtbfg clws[tn] ;xL u/]sf lyP .

k|wfgdGqLsf] cfzLjf{b tLg}hgfnfO{

a}t8Laf6 /fk|kf s]Gb|Lo dxflwj]zg k|ltlglw r'lgg'ePsf k|wfgdGqL rGb dtbfg sfo{s} nflu cfh ljxfg kf]v/f cfpg'ePsf] lyof] . dtbfg kl5 kqsf/x¿;"u s'/f ub}{ k|wfgdGqL rGbn] dnfO{ tLgj6} g]tfn] lht"g\ eGg] nfu]sf] 5, pxf"x¿nfO{ d]/f] z'esfdgf 5 eGg'eof] .

kqsf/x¿åf/f ;f]lwPsf] Ps k\Zgsf] pQ/df cToGt} 76\of}nL kf/fdf k|wfgdGqL rGbn] egg'eof], æv} d}n] t ef]6 s;nfO{ xfn]" s;nfO{ <Æ Joª\UofTds ?kdf eGg'eof], æc", tLg} hgfnfO{ lbP" .Æ

pDd]bjf/x¿aLr 3f]rk]r

cfhsf] ;f] dtbfg sfo{n] sfo{stf{leq lgs} /dfOnf / /f]rs k|;+ux¿ 5fPsf lyP . ;f]eGbf cufl8 pDd]bjf/sf] kl/ro u/fpg] qmddf cWoIf kbsf k|Tof;Lx¿n] ps cfk;df nf~5gf nufPsf lyP . /ljGb|gfy zdf{n] v'n]/} kz'kltzdz]/ /f0ffsf] lj/f]w ub}{ /f0ff / 7s'/Lx¿n] kl/jf/jfbsf] gf/f nufO{ kf6L{leq ;fdGtL k|j[lQ sfod u/]sf] cf/f]k nufp"b} kf6L{ lgjf{rgdf 7"nf] dfqfdf k};f vr{ u/]sf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] .

;f] cf/f]ksf] v08g ub}{ kz'kltzdz]/ hj/fn] cfkm"n] kf6L{df u'lk|hd gu/]sf] t/ clw/fHosf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ ;'v, b'Mvdf x]/]sf] atfp"b} kf6L{ lgjf{rgdf k};fsf] v]n gePsf] eGb} v08g ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

t/ kf6L{ leq} ljWjt ju{sf] ?kdf /xg'ePsf csf{ k|TofzL 8f=k|sfzrGb| nf]xgLnfO{ cfkm"n] ;fdfGo kl/jf/sf] JolQm eO{ xf]6nsf] j]6/ / uf8Lsf] 8«fOe/b]lv lnP/ ljleGg k]zfdf /xL kL=Pr=8L=;Dd cWoog u/]sf] atfp"b} cfkm\gf] ;fnLgtf k|s6 ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

xltof/ lj;fpg / lx+;f /f]Sg lqmli6gfsf] cfu|x

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn e|d0fdf /x]sL blIf0f Pl;ofsfnflu cd]l/sL ;xfos ljb]z dGqL lqmli6gf /f]Ssf dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ xltof/ lj;fP/ lx+;f TofuL zflGtk"j{s jftf{df a;]/ ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg vf]Hg cfu|x u/]sL 5g\ .

lxhf] zlgjf/ ;Lldt kqsf/x¿ ;"u s'/f ub{} pgn] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] pQd pkfo g} jftf{ ePsf] atfOg\ . pgn] dfcf]jfbLx¿n] cfkm\gf lx+;fTds / ljWj+;fTds sfo{jfxLnfO{ hf/L /fv]df ltgnfO{ cft+ssf/Lsf] ;"lrdf ;dfj]z ul/g] hfgsf/L klg lbOg\ . g]kfn ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cft+ssf/L 3f]if0ff u/L OG6/kf]nsf] /]8sg{/ gf]l6; hf/L u/] klg cd]l/sfn] Tof] juL{s/0fdf /fv]sf] 5}g .

dfcf]jfbL lx+;fn] zflGtlk|o g]kfnLnfO{ tf/f] agfPsf], lgbf]{if afnaflnsfnfO{ cfkm\gf] k9fO aGb u/]/ pgsf] ;]jfdf nfUg' kg]{ cj:yf ;[hgf u/]sf]df klg ;xfos ljb]z dGqL lqmli6gfn] 7"nf] c;Gt'li6 hgfOg\ . pgn] g]kfnnfO{ cft+sjfb lj?4 n8\g cfkm\gf] ;/sf/n] ;xof]u ug]{ cfZjf;g lb"b} elgg\, æ;a} k|hftflGqs / /fhg}lts zlQmx¿ Pstfa4 eP/ pleg' kb{5 . lsgls o;n] k|hftGq / b]zsf] cy{tGqnfO{ uDeL/ c;/ u/]sf] 5, lgbf]{if hgtfnfO{ b'Mv lbPsf] 5 .

pgn] cd]l/sL ;/sf/ g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ cfk"lt{sf ;fdfg, ;+oGq / k|lzIf0fn] bIf agfpg tTk/ /x]sf] atfp"b} elgg,æxfdL g]kfnL ;'/Iff sdL{nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg klg tof/ 5f} . t/ dfgjclwsf/ To;sf] Pp6f cleGg tTj x'g} kb{5 . cd]l/sfn] cfp"bf] aif{b]lv g]kfnnfO{ ljsf; ;xfotf rf}aL; ldlnogaf6 #* ldlnog 8n/ k'¥ofpg] cfZjf;g klg lbOg\ .

k""j{k|wfgdGqL z]/axf'b'/ b]pjfn] ug'{ ePsf] cd]l/sf e|d0f / ut hgj/Ldf cd]l/sL ljb]z dGqL sf]lng kfj]nn] ug'{ ePsf] g]kfnsf] e|d0f kl5 cd]l/sL ;/sf/n] g]kfnnfO{ @ cj{ hlt ;}Go ;xof]u / # cj{ *) s/f]8 ljsf; ;xfotf lbg] k|ltj4tf AoQm u/]sf] lyof] . t/ ;}lgs ;xof]usf] *) nfv s6f}tL ePsf] lyof] .

z}lIfs ;+:yf v'nfpg ;/sf/ k"0f{tM c;kmn

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . dfcf]jfbLsf] eft[;+u7g cg]/f:jljo' qmflGtsf/Ln] sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf d+l;/ @# ut]]b]lv ub}{ cfPsf] clglZrtsfnLg lzIf0f ;+:yf x8\tfn sfo{qmdnfO{ cfkm\gf dfux¿ k"/f geP;Dd hf/L /fVg] hfgsf/L lbPkl5 s]xL ;dokl5 ;+:yfx¿ v'N5g\ ls eg]/ af"sL /x];x]sf] cfzf klg ;dfKt ePsf] 5 . lzIff dGqL b]jLk|;fb cf]emfn] lgb]{zg lbP h:t} u/L lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿n] hf8f]sf] ljbf cf/De u/L ;dfof]hg ug]{ gLlt clVtof/ u/]df qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{x¿n] k'gM clw/fHoJofkL lzIf0f ;+:yf x8\tfn wDsL lbPsf 5g\ .

o; cufl8 dfcf]jfbLx¿n] @^ / @& ut] clw/fHoJofkL ?kdf lzIf0f ;+:yf x8\tfn u/]sf lyP . otf pkTosfsf eg] ;a} z}lIfs ;+:yfx¿ @# ut]b]lv g} aGb x'"b} cfPsf 5g\ . otf ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿ aLr jftf{ ug{ ;lhnf] xf];\ eGg] p4]Zon] lghL ljBfnox¿sf] ;+u7g -KofA;g_ n] ;d]t & ut];Dd pkTosfsf lghL ljBfnox¿ jGb ug]{ lg0f{o lxhf] u/]sf] 5 .

To;f] t qmflGtsf/L / ;/sf/sf aLr z}lIfs x8\tfn 6'+Uofpg] ljifodf ljleGg !% ;+:yfx¿n] dfgjclwsf/jfbLx¿nfO{ jftf{sf] nflu ;xh stf{sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;'bLk kf7s, kb\d/Tg t'nfw/ / aL/]Gb|s]z/L kf]v/]n u/L tLg hgfnfO{ sfo{ ug{ cg'/f]w ul/;s]sf] 5  . ;xhstf{x¿n] ;d:ofsf] l56f] ;dfwfg ug]{ cfZjf;g lbPsf 5g\ .

;/sf/ / qmflGtsf/L aLrdf jftf{ gePdf km]l/ l5§} clw/fHo e/sf ;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qsf u/L $$ xhf/ * ;o *) ljBfno / !! ;o hlt pRr dfljsf sl/j !^ nfv %) xhf/ ljBfyL{x¿sf] k7gkf7g 7Kk x'g k'Ug] 5 . pkTosfsf @ xhf/ & ;o j6f ljBfnox¿ @# ut]b]lv g} aGb x'"bf % nfv ljBfyL{x¿sf] eljio cGof}+ndf kb}{ cfPsf] 5 . ljBfyL{x¿sf] k/LIff glhls"b} cfPsf] / z}lIfs sfo{tflnsf ;d]t to ePsf] a]nf nfdf] ;do;Dd ljBfno aGb x'"bf ljBfyL{, lzIfs / cljefjsx¿ ;a} lrlGtt 5g\ .

/fhg}lts :jfy{ kl/k"lt{ ug{sf nflu qmflGtsf/Ln] ;f/]sf dfu k"/f ug{ ;/sf/n] hf]8 glb"bf cfhsf] cj:yf cfPsf] s'/f o; cufl8 g} lghL ljBfnox¿sf] ;+u7g -KofA;g_ sf cWoIf /fh]z v8\sfn] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] klg qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] ;f/]sf] !# a'"b] dfunfO{ /fhg}lts kl/k"lt{sf] ;+1flb"b} ;a} dfu k"/f gu/]kl5 b'O{ kIfaLr åGåsf] l:ylt ;[hgf x'"bf nfvf} ljBfyL{x¿sf] v'Nnf dl:tisdf rfjL nfUg k'u]sf] 5 . /, nfvf} dl:tisx¿df aGbsf] g/fd|f] c;/ k/]sf] 5 .

/fhg}lts ljjfbsf] cfly{s ef/

8f= /f3j Wjh kGt

s]xL lbg cl3 /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u, s]Gb|Lo tYof+s ljefun] Pp6f tYof+s k|sflzt u¥of] h;n] ubf{ ;Dk"0f{ 5fkfaf6} Pp6f cfZro{ cleJoQm ul/P/ ;dfrf/ 5flkof] . Tof] ;dfrf/ g]kfnsf] cfly{s ljsf; b/;DaGwL lyof] . pQm ljefusf] cg'dfg cg';f/ cfly{s aif{ @)%*.%( df lau|bf] ;'/Iffsf] sf/0f g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df ;fob ;j{k|yd cfly{s ljsf; b/ C0ffTds /Xof] . cyf{t\ cfly{s aif{ @)%*.%( df g]kfnsf] /fli6«o pTkfbg cl3Nnf] aif{ eGbf sl/j ? @ cj{ sd /Xof] . ;f"Rr} eGg] xf] eg], pQm aif{ s[lif pTkfbgdf ;fdfGo a[l4 / sfnLu08sL k"/f x'g afx]s b]zsf] s'g} klg If]qdf pT;fxjw{s ?kdf pTkfbg a[l4 ePsf] b]lv"b}g . d'VotM cf}Bf]lus If]q / ko{6g If]qdf t sl/j !) k|ltztn] cfo a[l4 b/ C0ffTds /Xof] . o; b/df t s'g} klg b]zdf låtLo ljZj o'4sf] ;dodf klg pTkfbgdf Xf; cfPsf] b]lv"b}g . cfp"bf aif{x¿df cGo If]qdf klg oxL l:ylt /Xof] eg] g]kfn @,# aif{sf] aLrdf g} e'vdl/, clgsfnsf] ;fdgf ug'{kg]{ 5 .

of] /fi6« cfly{s ?kdf sxf" k'Ug nfUof] Tof] uDeL/ lrGtfsf] ljifo 5 . t/ b'ef{Uoj;, o;tkm{ s'g} klg /fhg}lts JolQmTjx¿sf] Wofg uPsf] b]lv"b}g . ha s;}sf] Wofg g} hf"b}g eg] xfdLn] ljleGg ;|f]taf6 hDdf u/]/ NofPsf] tYof+sdfq atfp"bf t o;sf] s'g} dxTj klg x'"b}g . t/ k|To]s /fhg}lts JolQmTjn] of}6f a'em\g} kg]{ s'/f s] 5 eg] cfhsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg eP/ ef]ln h'g;'s} bn g]t[Tjdf cfP klg lghx¿n] g} o; l:yltdf ;'wf/ Nofpg]] lhDdf lng' kb{5 . xfdL ;a}n] a'em\g' k5{ of] /fi6« xfdL eGbf rL/~hLjL 5 . t/ l:ylt eofjx 5 . s]Gb|Lo tYof+s ljefu cg';f/ cfly{s jif{ @)%*.%( /fli6«o art a[l4 b/ !^ k|ltztn] C0ffTds /Xof] eg] j:t' / ;]jfsf] lgof{t ut jif{eGbf sl/j @% k|ltztn] 36]sf] lyof] .

ca k|Zg cfp"5 /fhg}lts ;d:of geP/ cfly{s Joj:yf @)%&.%* cg';f/ g} ;~rfng ePsf] eP xfd|f] ljsf; l:ylt sxf" k'u]sf] x'GYof] / clxn]sf] l:yltdf hfbf xfnsf] jif{ sxf" k'U5f}+ < cyf{t\, lau|bf] /fhg}lts l:yltaf6 cfly{s If]qdf slt gf]S;fg x'g uPsf] 5 . d}n] u/]sf] cf"s8f cg';f/ /fi6«nfO{ sl/j ? $$ cj{ cyf{t\ k|ltJolQm sl/j ? @))).– gf]S;fg ePsf] 5 . of] /sd dWo] sl/j !# cj{ s[lifdf / ? #! cj{ u}/s[lif If]qsf] cfodf Xf; x'g uPsf] b]lvG5 . u}/s[lif If]qdf ;aeGbf 7"nf] gf]S;fg pBf]u, ko{6g / ;fd'bflos / ;fdflhs ;]jf If]qtkm{ ePsf] 5 . lj:t[t hfgsf/L tflnsf ! df 5 .

tflnsf !M /fhg}lts ;d:ofsf] cfly{s gf]S;fgL, @)%(.^)

¿= cj{df

u|fx{:Yo pTkfbg $#=*

s[lif !#=)

u}/s[lif #)=*

pBf]u *=^

ko{6g cflb *=@

;fd'bflos /

;fdflhs ;]jf !)=^

cfly{s ;d:ofnfO{ Wofg} glbP/ a;] xfdL rf"8} g} 7"nf] wf]sfdf kg]{ 5f} . o;tkm{ klg ;a}sf] / d'VotM /fhg}lts AolQmTjsf] Wofg cfsif{0f ug'{ cfjZos 5 .

-jftf{df cfwfl/t_

cr]t cy{tGq, a9\bf] ul/aL / ;DefJo kl/b[io

k|f=8f=ljZjDe/ Kofs'¥ofn

ca d'n'ssf] cfly{s cj:yf o:t} /x]df s] xf]nf t eg]/ ;f]Rbf b]lv g} xfdL eml:sGYof}+ . To;}n] cy{zf:qLx¿n] cf–cfkm\gf n]v / ljleGg yl/sf dfWodaf6 jt{dfg cfly{s cj:yf lrGtfk"0f{ 5 . /fhZj c;'nL eGbf ;fwf/0f vr{ a9L b]lvPsf] 5 . nufgL x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . cfoftlgof{t Jofkf/ 36]sf] 5 . nlIft ;d"xnfO{ >f]tx¿ a9fPsf] b]lvG5 t/ sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsfl/tf Go"g 5 / czQm / ul/ax¿df k""hL Hofb} sd k|eflxt ePsf] 5 . oyf;Dej ;r]t u/fpg] k|oTg u¥of}+ t/ b|'t ultdf lju|bf] cj:yfn] ubf{ of] egfOnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg jfWo x''g' k¥of] . xfdLn] clVtof/ u/]sf cfly{s gLltx¿ ;}4flGts b[li6sf]0fn] cGt/fli6«o :t/sf eP klg tL hgd'vL x'g ;s]gg\ . j:t' / ;]jfx¿sf] ljt/0f k|0ffnL JolQm / zx/d'vL ePsf]n] Psflt/ cfsflzPsf] cfly{s c;dfgtfn] cfly{s gLltsf] k|efjsfl/tfdf k|Zg lrGx nflu/x]sf] 5 / csf]{lt/ /fhgLlts cl:y/tfn] ljsf;sf cfwf/zLnfnfO{ sdhf]/ t'NofO/x]sf] 5 .

ca k'gM cfly{s a[l4b/ C0ffTds ePsf] 5 . s"n u|fx{:y pTkfbg )=^# k|ltztn] gsf/fTds ag]sf]n] :jefj}n] /fhZj ;+sng / k|lt JolQm cfodf Xf; cfP/ ul/aL a9\g] ePsf] 5 . ljut @ aif{sf] ;fnfvfnf %=$ k|ltztsf] cfly{s a[l4b/df k"0f{ lj/fd nfu]sf] 5 . s]xL dlxgf cl3dfq cfly{s a[l4b/ )=*) k|ltzt x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] lyof] t/ clxn] tYof+s ljefun] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] jt{dfg a[l4n] cy{tGqn] lglb{i6 lbzf t 5f]8]s} b]lvG5 . ut aif{ C0ffTds ePsf d'Vod'Vo cfly{s kl/;"rs o; aif{ klg C0ffTds 5g\ . s"n u|fx{:y pTkfbgdf $) k|ltzt of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] s[lif If]qsf] k}bjf/df Xf; cfPsf] 5 . cfly{s aif{ @)%*.%( sf] cjlwdf cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] s'n u|fx{:y pTkfbg -l:y/ d"No_ df (=(@ k|ltztn] lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . vfB j:t', ufd]{G6, sfk]{6, lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L, xf]6]n / /]i6'/fsf] cfDbfgLdf tLa| lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . ko{6g If]q t c:jfefljs Zjf;k|0ffnLdf c8]sf] 5 . ljB't / kfgLsf] If]qdf !)=!) k|ltztn] d"No a[l4ePsf] 5 .

o;/L pBf]u / Aofkf/ ultljlwdf cfPsf] dGbL / ;]jfIf]qsf] gsf/fTds a[l4n] k|ltJolQm cfodf em08} * k|ltztn] lu/fj6 cfPsf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . pknAw cWoogn] k|ltJolQm cfo ! k|ltztn] 36\bf ul/aL )=# k|ltztn] a9\g] b]vfOPsf]df jt{dfg * k|ltztsf] lu/fj6n] xfdL sxf" ul/aLsf] ca s'g k|sf/sf] gof" cg'xf/ k|fb'ef{j x'g] xf] cg';Gwfgs} ljifo 5 . g]kfndf xfn cfP/ dWod / 7"nf hUuf wgL klg ul/aLsf] /]vfd'gL b]vf kg{ yfn]sf 5g\ . To;}n] o:tf] cj:yfdf ;Defljt nufgLstf{ l5d]sL b]zdf vf]Hg hfg' kg]{ b]lvG5 .

xfnsf] dGbL / lu/fj6n] lg/Gt/tf kfPdf ca g]kfnsf] cfly{s ;+;f/ d}n] s]xL ;do cl3 u/]sf cleJolQmnfO{ k'li6 lbg] vfnsf] b]lvg] 5 . cyf{t\ ljsf;sf] cfwf/ sl/j sl/j 9ln;s]sf] a]nf ca jt{dfg cwktg sfod} /x]df d'n'sn] xfn;Dd ;f]Rg] si6 gu/]sf] kl/0fltnfO{ cfTd;ft ug{ k'Ug] 5 . ;DkGg JolQmx¿sf] ;DklQ k""hL p8fgsf] ?kdf ljb]zdf ;+/If0f k|fKt ug]{ 5 . 6f6 klN6P/ a9\bf] hg–bjfj y]Ug g;s]kl5 lgDg dWodju{sf art ;/sf/n] ljQLo ;+:yfx¿df lk|mh u/fP/ clglZrt sfn;Ddsf] nflu pgLx¿sf] lgoGq0f aflx/ k'¥ofO{ lbg] 5 . k'/fgf] k|ljlw, Go"g k'"hL, ;Lldt ahf/, sdhf]/ Joj:yfkg / ;dli6ut /fli6«o cfly{s cj:yfn] clwsf+z pBf]u ?U0f ePsf 5g\ . ;~rfngdf cfpg g;s]sf o:tf cf}Bf]lus k|lti7fgsf d]l;gsf snk"hf{x¿ l5d]sL /fi6«sf sjf8Lx¿n] vfnL af]tnsf] b/df n}hfg] 5g\ . jflif{s # nfv j]/f]huf/x¿ >dahf/df ef}tfl/Psf] a]nf cf}Bf]lus If]qdf b]lvPsf] b'3{6gfn] sfo{/t dhb'/n] /f]huf/Laf6 xft w'g] dfq x}g lbjflnofkg 3f]lift ePsf sDkgLsf dflnsn] cfkm"n] nufgL u/]sf] z]o/ k""hL jfx]s cGo hdfgt C0f r'Qmf ug{ g;s]sf]n] sltko k|lti7fgdf pgLx¿n] af"sL /x]sf] ;DklQ lkmtf{ lng ;s]sf 5}gg\ . k'/fgf a}+s dfq x}g k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf kZrft\ :yfkgf ul/Psf ljlQo ;+:yfx¿n] ;d]t dGbL / sdhf]/ ljQLo Joj:yfkgsf] sf/0f ;f"jf / Aofhsf] e'QmfgL c;"n pk/ ug{ g;s]sfn] ckn]vg ug'{kg]{ jfWotfsf] sf/0f 7"nf] gf]S;fgL j]xf]g'{ kl//x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] klg /fhZj c;'nLsf] 7"nf] lx:;f log} sf/0fn] u'Dg uPsf] 5 . ;/sf/;"u pknAw /fhZjsf s'g} klg d'Vo >f]tx¿ k|efjsf/L x'g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . j}b]lzs ;xof]u cGtu{t d'n'sn] /fVg'kg]{ Doflrª km08 ljutdf ;d:ofsf] ?kdf b]lvPsf] lyPg . ca of] ;d:ofn] hl6n ?k lnO;Sof] . oxL jif{sf] l8;]Da/ #! tfl/vdf xfd|f] nfdf] ;dofjlwsf] 7"nf] j}b]lzs ;xof]u cGtutsf kl/of]hgfx¿sf] C0f ltg'{kg]{ ;dofjlw k"/f x'"b} 5 . o;df ;/sf/n] s;/L h'Wg] /0fgLlt lnPsf] 5 s'g} sfo{of]hgf k|i6?kdf ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5}g . To;}n] ca xfdL cGt//fli6«o ljQLo ;+:yfgsf zt{x¿ kfng ug{ g;Sg] x'gfn] d'n'ssf] gfp" sfnf] ;"rLdf n]lvP/ xfdL ;fdfGo cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]uaf6 jl~rt x'g ;Sg] 5f}+ . o:tf] cj:yf sfod /lx/x]df d'n's cGt//fli6«o /fhg}lts rnv]nsf] cv8f ;lhn}n] x'g;Sg] b]lvG5 . ;'/Iff / k|hftGqsf] :yfloTjsf] gfp"df ;'/Iff ;xof]usf] cg'xf/df /fhg}lts :jfy{sf] 3';k}7 x'g] 5 . s] t jt{dfg /fhg}lts dfxf]n cd]l/sf, rLg / ef/tsf] km/s–km/s ;'/Iff :jfy{nfO{ ;Gt'ntdf /fVg ;Ifd 5 < of] k|Zgsf] hjfkm s]xL ;doleq} lgSof}{n ug{ ;s]gf}+ eg] d'n'sdf csf]{ clgolGqt qmflGt cjZodefjL 5 .

cfly{s dGbL / lu/fj6 tkm{ pGd'v cy{tGqnfO{ ul/g] pkrf/ / c;dfGo /fhg}lts kl/l:yltaf6 >[hgf ePsf] ;+s6sfnLg cy{tGqdf k|of]u ul/g] ;+oGq km/s x'G5, hf] cem xf"sk"0f{ / hf]lvdo'Qm x'G5 . cfly{s dGbLsf] b[li6sf]0fn] dfq x]bf{ klg xfd|f pknAw tYof+sn] xfd|f] pknlAwnfO{ ;+s6u|:t / hl6n b]vfPsf] 5 . xfdLn] nufgLsf] cfjZostf, /fli6«o artsf] k|a[lQ / /fhZj ;+sngdf b]vfk/]sf] ;+s6 aLr cfjZos kg]{ cGt/;DaGw Joj;flos 9+un] :yflkt ug{ ;s]sf 5}gf}+ .

gjf}+ of]hgfsf] cGtdf nufgLsf] cg'kft s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgsf] @%=* k|ltzt cg'dfg ul/Psf]df p4]Zo eGbf @=# k|ltztn] 36\g uPsf] kl/k|]Iodf bzf}+ of]hgf cjlwdf @*=! k|ltztsf] cf}ift a[l4 cg'dfg Jojxfl/s 5}g . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5, Ps k|ltzt nufgL a[l4 ug{ g]kfnsf] cf=j=@)%(.^) sf] s'n jflif{s jh]6sf] em08} $ b]lv % k|ltzt /sd cfjZos k5{ . To:t} bzf}+ of]hgfdf k|:tfljt @@=* k|ltztsf] art xfl;n ug{ klg xfd|f] k|of; em08} bf]Aa/ x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 . h'gs'/f jt{dfg cy{dGqLn] efb| (, @)%( sf] g]kfn cfly{s ;+3åf/f cfof]lht sfo{qmddf :jLsf/ ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . o;} ;Gbe{df !$=) k|ltztsf] 3f]lift /fhZjsf] cf};t a[l4 b/nfO{ klg k'g{k|If]k0f ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . /fi6«sf] 9's6Lsf] cj:yf hf/L k""hL klg ;dfKt ePsf] ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfsf] h:t} ePsf]n] ;fwf/0f vr{ / ljsf; vr{df >L % sf] ;/sf/n] 5'6\ofPsf] /sd k':tsdf ;Lldt 5 . o;sf] ahf/ d"No 5 h:tf] nfUb}g . ca o:tf] l:yltdf cfOk'Ubf klg s] xfd|f] cy{tGq lqmofzLn g} 5 t < cjZo klg 5}g . of] cg'TkfbgzLn 5 . cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] ;/sf/n] nrstf b]vfpg rfx]/ klg Psf]df]8]l6e cy{gLlt sfof{Goog ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf 5}g . To;}n] s/df 5'6 lbP ;+s6sf] a]nf cGo d'n'sn] u/] h:tf] nufgLstf{ / pkef]Qmfsf] nfut sd u/fO{ nufgL clea[l4 tyf /f]huf/L a9fpg] s'/f ca ;Dej b]lvb}g . oxL sf/0fn] ubf{ xfdL lgDg / dWo cfo ePsf ;d"x¿sf] nflu cfDbfgL a9fpg] ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg klg k"0f{tof c;kmn ePsf 5f}+ . of] cj:yf hlt nlDaG5 cfly{s lqmofsnfkdf clea[l4 NofO{ s/af6 /fh:j a9fpg;Sg] ;Defjgf Tolt g} k5fl8 ws]ln+b} hfG5 . To;}n] ca g]kfndf kf6L{ut k|fyldstf eGbf klg hgtfsf] hLjg /Iffsf] nflu /fi6«ut k|fyfldstf lgSof}{n u/L r'gfjsf] ldlt cufl8 dfcf]jfbL ;d"x;"usf] jftf{sf] ldlt lglZrt ug'{ cfjZos 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] Ph]08f t ;fj{hlgs e}/fv]s} 5 t/ s] t ;j{bnLo a}7sn] dfcf]jfbL Ph]08fsf] jf/]df s'g} ;Djfb rnfPsf] s'/f ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 t < kf6L{x¿n] hgdt lng] s'g} k|of; u/]sf 5g\ t < dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+:yfx¿n] dfcf]jfbL tyf ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿;"usf] dfWodaf6 cfkm\gf] k|lti7f k'g:yf{lkt ug{ vf]Hg'eGbf cfkm"nfO{ kf/bzL{ agfP/ 5nkmn ul/g] Ph]08fdf hgdt h'6fpg bjfj xfNg] / ;Djfbsf] ldlt lglZrt ug]{ s'/fdf vf;} pknlAw xfl;n ug{ ;s]sf 5g\ t < cfhsf] d"n /fli6«o ;d:of oxL xf] / xfd|f] sdhf]/Ldf ljb]zL zlQmnfO{ dflyNnf] xftkfg{ ;wfp k'¥ofpg] cGt/f{li6«o rf;f]sf] ljifo klg oxL g} xf] .

s] ;Ddfg lbg] ;u/dfyfsf sLlt{dfgwf/L cf/f]xLx¿nfO{ <

Pg=8L z]kf{

ca s]xL lbgkl5 g} ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fsf] :j0f{ aif{ cf/De x'"b} 5 . ;u/dfyf lahodf uj{ ug]{ ljZje/sf ;fx;L kj{tf/f]xL cfp"bf] aif{sf] sfo{qmddf ;l/s x'g]5g\ . of] jif{ eJotfsf;fy dgfpg g]kfn kj{tf/f]xL ;+3 cGtu{t ;u/dfyf :j0f{ pT;j jif{ …dfpG6 Pe/]i6 uf]N8]g h'AnL Oo/Ú sld6L klg ag]sf] 5 . o;}n] of] jif{ ;+;f/e/sf hLljt ;u/dfyf cf/f]xL g]kfndf k'gM hDdf x'g] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsG5 .

ljZjtfh ;u/dfyf g]kfnsf] uf}/j xf] . ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fdf g]kfnLx¿ slxNo} kl5 k/]sf 5}gg\ . P8\d08 lxnf/L;"u} ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug]{ k|yd cf/f]xL t]lGhª gf]u]{ z]kf{n] ljb]zL gful/stf lnPklg g]kfnL wtL{ k'qk'qLx¿n] ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fdf ljZj sLlt{dfg sfod u/]sf 5g\ ca xfd|f ;fd' k|Zg cfp"5, tL ;fx;L cf/f]xL h;n] cfkm\gf] Hofg hflvddf kf/]/ g]kfnsf] uf}/jsf nflu ;u/dfyf r'Dg hfg] / ;kmntfk"j{s r'd]/ kmls{g]nfO{ /fi6«n] s:tf] ;Ddfg lbg] < of] k|Zg cfh ;u/dfyf cf/f]xLsf aLrdf pl7/x]sf] 5 . lsgls ;u/dfyfsf] ;kmn cf/f]x0fsf] k|fdfl0fs cfwf/ geOsg >L % sf] ;/sf/n] kf;fª Nxfd' z]kf{nfO{ /fli6«o lje"lt h:tf] ;Ddfg lbPsf] 5 . h;sf] xsbf/ /fi6«lgdf{tf k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx, zflGtsf cu|b"t eujfg uf}td a'4, ldlynf g/]z hgssL klta|tf ;'k'qL ;Ltf lyP . pgL ltgs} nx/df pleOg\ .

;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fdf y'k|} g]kfnLn] sLlt{dfg sfod u/]sf 5g\ . ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug]{ klxnf] g]kfnL :juL{o km" bf]h]{ z]kf{nfO{ s] kb\jLn] ;Ddflgt ug]{ xf] < t];|f] k6s b]lv kf"rf} k6s;Dd ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ubf{ ljZj sLlt{dfg sfod /fVg] :j=;'Gb/] z]kf{nfO{ s] ;Ddfg lbg] < bzf}k6s ;Dd ljgf clS;hg ;u/dfyfsf] ;kmn cf/f]x0f ug]{ :j=afa' l5/L z]kf{nfO{ s'g ;Ddfg lbg] < h;n] rf}yf] kfrf}+ / bzf}+ k6s ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fdf ljZj sLlt{dfg /fv], h:n] ;g\ !((% / !((( df b'O{, b'O{ k6s ;u/dfyf r9] . ;g\ @))) df a];SofDkaf6 !^ 306f %^ ldg]6df ;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f] r'd] / r'r'/f]df @! 306f ljtfP . cfKkf z]kf{ 5g\ h;n] !@ k6s ;kmn cf/f]x0f u/]sf 5g\ . !) k6s ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug]{ lx"p lrt'jf cfªl/tf z]kf{n] 5}6f} b]lv bzf}+ k6s;Dd ljleGg ljZj sLlt{dfg sfod u/]sf 5g\ . oL wtL{ k'qnfO{ s'g ;Ddfgn] lje"lift ug]{ < a];SofDkaf6 aL; 306f rf}aL; ldg]6df r'r'/f] r'Dg] sfhL z]kf{ / !* jif{sf] pd]/df ;u/dfyf r'Dg] zDe' tfdfªnfO{ s:tf] ;Ddfg lbg] < !^ jif{df ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug]{ k]Djf l5/LnfO{ s;/L ;Ddfg ug]{ < b'O{ b'O{ k6s ;u/dfyf r'Dg] g]kfnL dlxnf kj{tf/f]xL ;'>L k]Daf 8f]df z]kf{ / nfSkf z]kf{nfO{ s;/L ;Ddflgt ug]{ < xfd|f] ;/sf/n] ;f]Rg} kg]{ ePsf] 5 . ;u/dfyf ljho h:tf] P]ltxfl;s ;fx;L / uf}/jk"0f{ sfo{df k|fdfl0fs of]ubfg ug]{nfO{ pk]Iff u/]/ st} zlQmsf e/df /fHon] cGofo t u/]sf] 5}g < k|df0fljgfsf cf/f]xLnfO{ u/]sf] ;Ddfg eGbf k|fdfl0fs cf/f]x0f ug]{ cf/f]xLnfO{ pRr :t/sf] ;Ddfg lbP/ /fHon] sb/ ug{ ;Sg' k5{{ lsgls lxdfn cf/f]x0f g]kfnL ko{6gsf] dxTjk"0f{ cfsif{0f xf] / ko{6g g]kfnsf] cy{tGqsf] ;jn cfwf/ . o:sf] Oltxf;nfO{ b"lift / sn+lst ug]{ k|of; st}af6 ul/g x'"b}g .

v]tfgsf] bf}8fxf

g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf sfo{jfxs cWoIf /fh]Gb|s'df/ v]tfgn] b]zdf pTkGg cfly{s lzlyntfnfO{ sd ug{ >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfd l56f] 5l/tf] ug]{ tkm{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ atfpg'ePsf] 5 . ;fy} pxf"n] d"No clej[l4 s/, ef/t lgsf;L, /fhZj u:tL Pj+ Sjf/]G6fOgsf] ;DaGwdf dxf;+3n] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 . sfo{jfxs cWoIf v]tfgn] ut ljxLjf/ l;4fy{gu/ p=jf=;+3, pjf;+3 a'6andf cfof]lht 5'§f5'§} cGtlqm{of sfo{qmddf pQm ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ePsf] xf] .

o;sf ;fy} ;f]xL lbg s[i0fgu/ pjf;+3 Pj+ pjf;+3 gjnk/f;Låf/f cfof]lht cnu cnu sfo{qmddf sf=jf=cWoIf v]tfgn] b]zsf] jt{dfg ;+s6k"0f{ cj:yfdf pBf]u wGbf ;~rfngdf cfOk/]sf ;d:of / ;dfwfgsf af/]df g]pjf dxf;+3n] k|efjsf/L e"ldsf v]Ng'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf dxf;+3sf k"j{ cWoIf cfgGb/fh d'NdLsf] klg ;xeflutf lyof] .

sf=jf cWoIf v]tfgsf] pkl:yltdf uf]/vf pjf;+3sf] gjf}" ;fwf/0f ;ef ut z'qmjf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

ljljw | ;Dkfblso | dgf]/~hg | ljrf/÷laZn]if0f | cg'ej÷cGtjftf{ | v]ns'b