sf7df08f}+, sflt{s !) @)%(

ljljw

lghL ljBfnox¿åf/f 5'§} P]gsf] vf]hL

e'jg s];L

;fd'bflos / ;+:yfut ljBfnonfO{ 5'§f5'§} P]gaf6 Jojl:yt ul/g'k5{ eGg] dfusf] kf/f] s]xL ;dob]lv r9\g yfn]sf] 5 . ;a} lsl;dsf ljBfnox¿nfO{ Pp6} P]g cGtu{t /fVbf Pssf] df/ csf{nfO{ kg{ uPsf] / nufgLsf] k|Tofe"lt gePsfn] 5'§f5'§} P]g x'g'k5{ eGb} lghL ljBfnosf ;~rfnsx¿ ;lqmo x'g yfn]sf x'g\ .

5'§} P]g ePdf cfkm"x¿sf] nufgL / k|lti7f ;'/lIft x'G5 ls eGg] dg;fon] klg lghL ljBfno ;~rfnsx¿ o;sf nflu xtfl/Psf 5g\ . pgLx¿ P]gsf] d:of}bf / tof/L kl/dfh{g ug]{ sfo{df h'6]sf 5g\ . t/, lghL ljBfnosf af/]df ;/sf/ / /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] Pp6} b[li6sf]0f 5}g .

;a} /fhgLlts bnx¿n] ;fd'bflos ljBfno / ;+:yfut ljBfnoaLrsf] c;dfgtf x6fpg'k5{ eGg] wf/0ff /fVb} cfPsf 5g\ . pgLx¿ gful/sx¿nfO{ lzIff k|bfg ug'{ /fHosf] bfloTj xf] eGg]df klg ;xdt 5g\ . To;sf nflu pgLx¿n] ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf lzIffsf] u'0f:t/ a9fp“b} hfg'kg]{ / ;+:yfut ljBfnox¿nfO{ qmdzM ;xsf/Ldf kl/0ft ub}{ hfg'k5{ eGg] cfjfh p7fPsf 5g\ .

x'g t lghL tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfno cu{gfOh];g g]kfn -KofA;g_n] kf“r jif{cl3 g} lghL tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfno lzIff P]gsf] d:of}bf tof/ kf/L lzIff dGqfnodf a'emfPsf] lyof] . KofA;gn] tof/ kf/]sf] d:of}bfdf lzIffIf]qdf nufgL ug{ OR5's g]kfnL gful/s, s'g} ;+3, ;+:yf, sDkgL, 6«i6 / u'7Ln] ljBfno Joj:yfkg ug{;Sg] Joj:yf 5 .

d:of}bfdf ljBfnosf ;+:yfksx¿sf] ;xeflutf /xg] ;+:yfks af]8{sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] d'Vo sfo{ ljBfno ;~rfngsf nflu cfjZos :jLs[lt lng] /x]sf] 5 . ljBfno ;+/If0f af]8{sf] klg Joj:yf 5 . o;df ljBfnosf] ;Dk"0f{ d'gfkmf ljBfnosf] ljsf;df nufpg'kg]{ pNn]v 5 .

lzIffdGqL jf lzIff;lrjsf] cWoIftfdf lghL tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfno lgb]{zg kl/ifb\sf] u7g ug{;Sg], lzIff ljsf; sf]ifsf] Joj:yf ug]{ / To;df k|To]s lghL ;|f]taf6 ;~rflnt ljBfnon] ljBfnosf] dfl;s z'Nsaf6 p7]sf] /sdsf] ;os8f Ps k|ltztn] x'g] u/L cfly{s jif{ ;DkGg ePsf] tLg dlxgfleq hDdf ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf klg d:of}bf P]gdf /flvPsf] 5 . lghL ;|f]taf6 hlt /sd ;+sng x'G5, ;/sf/n] Tolt g} yk cg'bfg lbg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] Joj:yf d:of}bf P]gdf ul/Psf] 5 .

lzIff ljsf; sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] /sdnfO{ lk5l8Psf afnaRrfn] k9\g] jftfj/0f ldnfpg], ljBfnosf] z}lIfs k"jf{wf/x¿sf] ljsf; / ljBfnodf sfo{/t lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Lsf] cfsl:ds pkrf/sf nflu Joj:yf ldnfpgdf vr{ ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] 5 .

ljBfnosf] ;~rfng / ;DklQdf x:tIf]k ug{ gkfOg] / ljBfnosf] ;DklQ lghL ;DklQ;/x dflgg] :ki6 Joj:yf d:of}bf P]gdf pNn]v 5 . KofA;gn] dGqfnodf a'emfPsf] 1fkgkqx¿df lghL ;|f]tdf ;~rflnt ljBfnox¿sf] :yfkgf, cg'dlt, ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu Jofjxfl/s, j}1flgs, /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o kl/j]z cg's"n lghL tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfno ;~rfngfy{ lzIff P]g lgodsf] th'{df u/L oyfzL3| nfu" ug{ kxn ul/of];\ egL pNn]v ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ .

k"j{lzIffdGqL cfdf]bk|;fb pkfWoofn] Psjif{ leq} lghL tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfno P]g Nofpg] arg Kofj;gsf kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ arg lbg'ePsf] pgLx¿n] bfjL u/]sf 5g\ . arg lbPsf] s]xL ;dokl5 pxf“ dGqLd08naf6 x6g' eP klg /fHodGqL gf/fo0fk|sfz ;fpbn] of] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg dGqfnosf k|jQmfnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg'ePsf] s'/f KofA;gsf pkfWoIf ;Ltf/fd df:s]n] atfpg'eof] .

t/, lzIff tyf v]ns'b dGqfnosf k|jQmf o'j/fh kf08]n] clxn]sf] cj:yfdf lghL ljBfno ;DaGwL 5'6} P]g Nofpg cfjZos gePsf] atfpg' eof] . æclxn]s} P]gn] klg lghL ljBfnosf] ;+rfngdf afwf k'¥ofPsf] 5}g . pxL s'/fnfO{ cnu u/]/ b'O6f lstfjdf pNn]v ug'{sf]] cy{ 5}g . nufgLsf] ;'/IffnfO{ dfq dWogh/ g/fvL, gof“ s'/fx¿ yk]/ o;nfO{ Jojl:yt / lgoGq0f ug{] xf] eg] 5nkmnnfO{ cl3 a9fpg ;lsG5Æ k|jQmf kf08]n] :ki6 kfg'{eof] .

;fdflhs ;]jfsf] gfddf v'n]/ r/d Jofkfl/s/0ftkm{ pGd'v ;+:yfut ljBfnox¿ clw/fHoe/ * xhf/ % ;o 5g\ . s]xL ljBfnonfO{ 5f8]/ lxhf]cfh ;+:yfut ljBfnox¿ dgk/L z'Ns p7fpg]], of]Uo lzIfs egf{ gug]{, ;'uf z}nLdf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k9fpg] / P;Pn;L glthfsf] cfwf/df cfkm"nfO{ pTs[i6 b]vfpg] xf]8df 5g\ .

lghL ljBfnonfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ;/sf/n] k6s–k6s k|of; u/]sf] 5 . )%% ;fndf 8f lty{/fh vlgofsf] ;+of]hsTjdf lghL ljBfno ;DaGwL cWoog ug{ ;ldlt ag]sf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLsf] eft[ ;+u7g cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_n] cfGbf]ng u/]kl5 /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf ;b:o 8f= lgd{n kf08]sf] ;+of]hsTjdf pRr:t/Lo sfo{;ldlt u7g eof] . sfo{;ldltn] lbPsf ;'emfjx¿nfO{ ;dfj]z u/L lzIff P]g / lgodfjnLdf ;zf]wg ul/of] . t/ klg lghL ljBfnosf ;+rfnsx¿ ;Gt'i6 5}gg .

lzIff-;ftf}+ ;+zf]wg_P]g,@)%* NofO{ ;/sf/n] lghL ljBfnonfO{ z}lIfs u'7L / sDkgLdf kl/0ft ug]{ Joj:yf u¥of] . To;n] lghL ljBfno ;+rfnsx¿dfem 7'nf] ;d:of pTkGg u/]sf] Kofj;gsf dxf;lrj ef]h axfb'/ zfxn] atfpg' eof] .

Kofj;gsf cg';f/ xfn lghL nufgLdf :yflkt ljBfno, ;+3;:yf / u'7Låf/f ;+rflnt ljBfno, ;/sf/sf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ / ;'ljwf k|of]u u/L ;+rflnt ljBfno, ;/sf/ cGtu{t /x]sf ljleGg lgsfoåf/f ;+rflnt ljBfno, ;/sf/ tyf ljb]zL s'6gLlts lgof]uaLr ;Demf}tf cg';f/ ;+rflnt ljBfno / s'g} ;d'bfo ljz]ifn] ;fd"lxs ?kdf cfkmgf] ;d'[bfosf afn afnaflnsfx¿sf] k7g kf7gsf nflu ;+rflnt ljBfnox¿ 5g .

Kofj;gn] lghL u'7L, ;fj{hlgs u'7L / ;]jfd'ns Joj;fosf] ?kdf ;+rfng x'g] ljBfnox¿ u/L ljBfno jlu{s/0f ug{ dfu u/]sf] lyof] . t/ lzIff P]g / lgodfjnLdf z}lIfs u'7L / sDkgLsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . z}lIfs u'7Ldf ;fj{hlgs / lghL u'7Lsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] ePklg xfn;Dd s:tf ljBfnox¿nfO{ ;fj{hlgs u'7L cGtu{t / s:tf ljBfnox¿nfO{ lghL u'7L cGtu{t /fVg] :ki6 ePsf] 5}g .

;/sf/n] ;:yfut ljBfno ;+rfng / nufgL ;+/If0fsf ;DaGwdf cem} o;sf ;+rfnsx¿nfO{ cfZj:t kfg{ ;s]sf] 5}g . æ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] c;kmntfsf] bf]if ;+:yfut ljBfnonfO{ lbOof]Æ dxf;lrj zfxn] eGg' eof]– æljBfnosf af/]df klg w]/} cGof}n 5g . cGof]nnfO{ cGTo u/L lghL nufgLsf] ;+/If0f / cGTo ug{ klg ;+:yfut ljBfno ;DaGwL cnu P]gsf] h?/L 5 .Æ

t/, lzIffljb\ 8f= ljBfgfy sf]O/fnfn] ;fd'bflos ljBfno / ;+:yfut ljBfno aLr 7'nf] vf8n ePsf] cj:yfdf 5'§} P]g Nofpg'kg{] cfjZostf gePsf] atfpg' eof] . pxf“sf] syg 5 æoxL cj:yfdf 5'§} P]g cfPdf lzIffdf cem a9L wf“hf kmf6g]5 .Æ

– lzIff n]v ;+ufnf]÷lzIff kqsf/ ;d"x

clgoldt uf8Ldfly ;+3sf] c+s'z

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

dWodf~rn a; Joj;foL ;+3 dfkm{t rNb} cfPsf rf/ ;o a; dWo] s]xL a;x¿ ;+3sf] d"No / dfGotf ljk/Lt hyfefjL ?kdf rNg] u/]sf] yfxf kfPkl5 ;+3n] To:tf a; rfns, l6s6 sfpG6/sf bnfn / sd{rf/Lx¿ pk/ s8f sf/jfxL ug]{ r]tfjgL lb+b} sf/jfxLsf] k|lqmof z'ef/De u/]sf] 5 .

;+3n] s]xL sd{rf/L / bnfnsf gfOs] x]d;fu/ e§/fO{ / ;'/]z l;6f}nf;“u ldn]dtf] u/L cyf]{kfh{g u/]sf] cleof]udf lxhf]b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L lgnDag u/]sf] 5 . To:t} sf/jfxLdf k/]sf a;x¿df gf=@v= %)#^, $)!!, $&^(, %)#%, ^!^!, #^!@, $)!^, !(&* / gf=@v #$)& gDa/sf a;x¿ /x]sf 5g\ .

;+3n] & ut] hf/L u/]sf] lj1lKtdf ;+3sf lj?4df cJojl:yt l6s6 sfpG6/ vf]nL ;8s uNnLaf6 a; 5'6\g yfn]kl5 a;kfs{sf] dxTj 36g uPsf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

a; ;~rfngdf Ps?ktf NofOg] cJojl:yt sfpG6/x¿ x6fO{ a;kfs{af6 dfq a; ;~rfng ug{ >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 lg0f{o eO{ ;fj{hlgs eO;s]sf] / afudtL c~rn oftfoft sfof{noaf6 ;d]t @÷@ k6s tL sfpG6/ x6fpg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ubf{ ;d]t Jojl:yt gePsf]n] clgoldt ug]{ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ / a; ;~rfng ug]{ lu/f]xnfO{ s8f sf/jfxL ug{ s'g} s;/ g/flvg] hgfOPsf] 5 .

c;f]h @$ / @% ut] ePsf 36gfx¿df ;+3sf] s'g} klg ;+nUgtf gePsf] / ToxL kIfaf6 wf]sf ePsf]n] ofq' ju{df låljwf / e|d l;h{gf ePsf] hgfpg'sf ;fy} ;+3sf cWoIf b]jLrGb hf]zL k|x/L lx/f;tdf /x]sf] eGg] ;dfrf/ klg lg/fwf/ ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

g]kfn–ltAat Jofkf/ M jt{dfg l:ylt

P]ltxfl;s sfnb]lvsf] g]kfn–ltAat -rLg_ Jofkf/ cem;Dd klg a}1flgs x'g g;s]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . kmflxofg / x'og ;fËsf rf}yf] Pj+ ;ftf}" ztfAbLlt/sf g]kfn e|d0fn] g]kfn ltAatsf ;DaGwdf cg]s k|sfz kf/]sf 5g\ . ;ftf}" ztfAbLdf ;'ª rª uDkf] ltAatdf /fdf x'"bf klxrfg ePsf] s]?Ë gfsfn] clxn];Dd dxTj /fv]sf] 5 . kl5 uf]/vfsf /fhf zfx / dNnx¿sf] ltAat;“u /fd|f] Jofkfl/s sf/f]jf/ lb+bf k|tfk dNnsf kfnfdf g]kfndf 6+sg ePsf d'b|fx¿ ltAatdf rNg yfn] . ;f]xL a]nf g]kfnLx¿n] #@ sf]7L vf]Ng kfpg] / jfl0fHo k|ltlglw /fVg] ;Dd ul/Psf] lyof] .

/f0ffsfndf eg] ltAat;“usf] Jofkf/ ;]nfp“b} uPsf] kfOG5 . ltAatsf] g]kfn eP/ blIf0f Plzofdf rNg] 6«fG; lxdfnog Jofkf/ sflnDkf]ª / l;lSsddf v'n]kl5 o;sf] dxTj 36]sf] 5 . g]kfn rLg ;DGw k|wfgdGqL aL=kL=sf]O/fnf / lrlgof k|wfgdGqL rfp Pg nfO{sf] !(^) clk|n @* sf] g]kfn–rLg d}qL tyf zflGt ;lGw kl5 lj:tf/ ePsf] xf] . oBlk bf}"To ;DaGw eg] !(%% df bf}"To ;DaGw sfod ePsf] lyof] . g]kfnsf] pQ/L ;Ldfsf !# lhNnfx¿sf sf/f]jf/ ljleGg ( j6f gfsfaf6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

g]kfn–rLg Jofkf/ vf;u/L b'O{ dfu{af6 x'"b} cfPsf] 5 . klxnf] ltAat dfu{, bf];|f] sf]nsftf dfu{ .

ltAat dfu{ M k|frLg ;dob]lv g} o;If]qsf @! eGbf a9L gfsfaf6 g]kfn Pj+ ef/tsf] cfly{s sf/f]af/ x'"b} cfPsf] 5 . t/ ;g\ !(^) df sf]bf/L /fhdfu{ v'n]kl5 Jofkf/ ;f]xf]l/P/ tftf]kfgL eG;f/dfkm{t\ eO/fv]sf] kfOG5 . o; eG;f/dfkm{t\ sf/f]af/ x'"bf vf;f ahf/ / ltAat ahf/sf ;fdfgx¿ ljz]if rNtLdf 5g\ . vf;f tftf]kfgLaf6 glhssf] Jofkfl/s ahf/ xf] . s]xL Jofkf/Lx¿ oxf“ cfO{ ;fdfg cfoft ug]{ u5{g\ . o:tf Jofkf/Lx¿n] vf;fdf h] ;fdfg e]§fof], ToxL ;fdfgsf] dfq Jofkf/ ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ / e'QmfgL s]xL dfqfdf 8n/ / s]xL ?k}of“df g} rnfpg] u/]sf 5g\ .

s'g} Jofkf/Lx¿ eg] vf;f ahf/eGbf k/sf uf]Ghfp, xf]Ghfp, km'lhofª ;f+3fOh:tf rLgsf d'Vo ahf/af6 klg ;fdfg Nofpg] ub{5g\ . uf]Ghfp On]S6«f]lgS; ;fdfgsf] nflu / xf]Ghfp sk8f tyf ufd]{G6sf nflu k|Voft 5g\ . oL ;x/af6 Jofkf/ ug]{x¿ k|foM 7"nf Jofkf/Lx¿ 5g\ . logLx¿n] e'QmfgL ubf{ 8«fkm\6, 6L6L, x'08Lh:tf dfWod k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ .

sf]nsftf dfu{ M sf]nsftf x'"b} cfpg] j:t' k|foM ;f+3fO{af6 k|tLtkq vf]n]/ cfoft ug]{ ul/G5 . o; dfu{af6 cfpg] j:t'x¿df d}g, /f;folgs kbfy{, ;fOsn, h'Qfdf nufpg] kln;, lqmd, ;'6s]z, sRrf l;Ns, pmg tyf pmgL wfuf]x¿, sk8f, tof/L kf]zfs, k+vf tyf lah'nLsf ;fdfg cflb 5g\ eg] g]kfnaf6 lgof{t x'g]x¿df sf7sf ;fdfgx¿, x:tsnfsf ;fdfgx¿ / wft'sf d"lt{x¿ d'Vo 5g\ . t'ngfTds s'/f ubf{ lgof{t sf]nsftf dfu{af6 guGo ?kdf x'"b} cfPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ )%&÷%* df rLgdf lgsf;L ePsf] s'n /sd ?= %@=@ s/f]8dWo] ?= %!=( s/f]8 -((=* k|ltzt_ tftf]kfgL gfsfaf6 dfq} ePsf] lyof] .

cfoft Jofkf/ M rLgsf] tftf]kfgL eG;f/af6 cfoft x'g] ;fdfgx¿ vf;f ahf/ / u}/ vf;f ahf/ egL juL{s[t ug{ ;lsG5 . u}/vf;f cfoftdf xªsªdfkm{t\ rLgsf] Ujfªh' km'lhofª, x]Gh', r]r]g, ;f+3fO{ cflb ;x/af6 x'g] cfoft kb{5g\ . vf;faf6 ;fdfg cfoft ug]{ Jofkf/Lx¿ sl/a %)) hlt ePsf] cg'dfg 5 . logLx¿n] k|ltJolQm jflif{s b'O{ nfvb]lv ?= ! s/f]8;Ddsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ .

u}/vf;f ahf/af6 ;fdfg cfoft ug]{x¿n] eg] k|ltJolQm sDtLdf jflif{s ?= ! s/f]8 / clwstd ?= ! ca{;Ddsf] Jofkf/ ug]{ u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . oL Jofkf/Lx¿dWo] sltko t vf;fdf cfkm\g} uf]bfd /fvL Jofkf/ ug]{ ub{5g\ . rLgdf cGo d'Vo ;x/af6 cfoft u/]sf] ;fdfg vf;faf6 cfoft u/]sf] eGbf cfw} ;:tf] kg]{ ub{5 . oL cGo ;x/af6 cfoft ubf{ 9'jfgLdf 7"nf] vr{ x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . Uofªh' ;x/af6 sf7df8f}+;Dd cfOk'Ubf k|lt6«s @ nfv $# xhf/ % ;o hlt nfUg] ub{5 . rLgsf cGo ;x/b]lv vf;f;Dd ;fdfg Nofp“bf aLdf ul/g] eP tfklg tftf]kfgLaf6 sf7df8f}+;Dd Nofp“bf aLdf ug]{ ul/Psf] 5}g . o;n] cfoftLt ;fdfgsf] ;'/Iffsf] Uof/]G6L x'g g;s]sf] b]lvG5 .

ltAataf6 rLgafx]ssf d'n'sx¿ xªsª, tfOjfgaf6 cfp“bf l56f] x'g] eP tfklg vr{sf] b[li6n] dx+uf] x'g] ePsfn] t];|f] d'n'ssf] ;fdfg cfoft tftf]kfgL eG;f/af6 x'g] u/]sf] 5}g .

lgof{t Jofkf/ M ltAattkm{sf] Jofkf/df lgof{t Jofkf/sf] Tolt /fd|f] l:ylt 5}g . g]kfnL Jofkf/Lx¿n] rLgsf] cGo ;x/x¿df lgof{t ug]{ ;fdfg vf;faf6 6«sdf nf]8 u/]/ k7fOlbg] / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L cfoftstf{nfO{ lbg] dfq u5{g\ . j}1flgs bfloTj lng] rng 5}g . To;f] t sf/f]af/sf] kl/0ffd klg lgs} Go"g /x]sf] 5 . lgof{t Jofkf/Lx¿n] jflif{s ?= #) nfv b]lv ?= @ s/f]8;Ddsf] Jofkf/ ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ .

t/ lgof{t Jofkf/sf] ;Defjgf g/x]sf] eg] xf]Og . ltAatdf rfdn tyf lrgLsf] dfu eO/x]sf] eP tfklg lgof{t ug{ k|ltaGw /x]sf] 5 . o;df v'nf eP /fd|f] ahf/sf] ;Defjgf 5 . To:t} g]kfnsf] jg:klt £o"sf] klg /fd|f] dfu eO/fv]sf] 5 . o;afx]s d}bf, lgdf{0f ;fdu|L, kmnkm"n tyf t/sf/Lsf] pTkfbg / lgof{t ug{ ;s] logsf] klg ahf/ /fd|f] x'g] k|i6 5 .

e'QmfgL k|0ffnL M j:t' lalgdo k|0ffnLaf6 ;'? ePsf] g]kfn ltAat Jofkf/ clxn] cfP/ e'QmfgL ;d:ofdf k/]sf] 5 . ;g\ !(($ df ePsf] g]kfn / rLgsf] ltAat If]qaLrsf] kf“rf}+ Jofkf/ ;Demf}tfsf] låkIfLo Jofkf/ k|tLtkqdfkm{t\ ug]{ s'/f ul/P klg o; dfWodåf/f lgs} sd dfqfdf dfq sfd ePsf 5g\ . ;fdfGotofM sRrf /]zd, /]zdL wfuf] / /]zdL sk8f cflb k|tLtkqdfkm{t\ cfpg] u/]sf] 5 . df}lb|s sf/f]af/df x'g] cGo Jofkf/x¿sf] e'QmfgL g]kfnL ?k}of“af6} x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cf=j= )%& >fj0f ! ut]b]lv tftf]kfgL eG;f/ ljGb'dfkm{t\ rLgsf] :jzfl;t If]q ltAataf6 cfoft x'g] j:t'x¿sf] nflu e'QmfgL ubf{ clwstd # xhf/ cd]l/sL 8n/;Dd ljb]zL d'b|f pknAw u/fpg ;lsg] / a9Ldf cd]l/sL 8n/ #) xhf/;Ddsf] ;fdfg cfoft ug{sf nflu 8«fkm\6, 6L6Lsf] dfWodaf6 e'QmfgL k7fpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

rLgsf] d'Vo ;x/x¿af6 ;fdfg cfoft u/L tftf]kfgL eG;f/af6 cfoft ug]{ Jofkf/Lx¿afx]s s;}n] k|tLtkq dfkm{t\, s;}n] 8«fkm\6dfkm{t\ t s;}n] 6L6L, x'08Ldfkm{t\ e'QmfgL ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . x'G8Ldfkm{t\ e'QmfgL ug]{ Jofkf/Lx¿n] vf;fdf ;fdfg cfOk'u]kl5 OGEjfO; tof/ u/]/ 8s'd]G6 tof/ u/L # xhf/ 8n/ gub ;'ljwf cGtu{t a}+saf6 cd]l/sL 8n/ k|fKt ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . vf;faf6} ;fdfg cfoft ug]{ Jofkf/L eg] s;}n] klg k|tLtkq jf 8«fkm\6, 6L6Laf6 e'QmfgL ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . lsgls g]kfnsf] tftf]kfgL / afx|la;]l:yt a}+sx¿ / vf;fl:yt a}+s ckm rfOgfdf k|tLtkqsf] sf/f]af/sf] s'g} Joj:yf 5}g . o;sf cnfjf vf;fl:yt Jofkf/Lsf gfddf a}+s 8«fkm\6 agfP/ nu]df ;f] 8«fkm\6 sn]S;gdf k7fp“bf /sd k|fKt ug{ dlxgf}+ nfUg] ePsf] / slxn]sfxL+ af6f]df 8«fkm\6 x/fpg] ;d]t ePsfn] s'g} klg Jofkf/Ln] a}+s 8«fkm\6 d~h'/ ug]{ cEof; gug'{, vf;fl:yt a}+s ckm rfOgfsf] zfvfn] klg 8«fkm\6x¿ lng cfgfsfgL ug]{ / ;f]sf] Joj:yf gePsf] hfgsf/L lbg] u/L a}+sdfkm{t\ sf/f]af/ ug{ efiffsf] ;d:of /xg' h:tf sf/0fn] klg a}+lsª sf/f]af/ ;Dej gePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 .

d':tfª If]qsf] Jofkf/

ltAat If]q;“u Jofkfl/s ;DaGw ePsf :yfgx¿ d':tfª If]q / /;'jf If]qaf6 Jofkf/ clxn] ;':t l:yltdf 5 . d':tfª If]qsf] ;a}eGbf glhssf] oftfoft kx'"r eg]sf] DofUbL lhNnf;Dd dfq} xf] . o;y{ o; ljGb'eGbf dflysf] 9'jfgLsf] ;fwg eg]sf] vRr8 / dflg; dfq} x'g\ . t/, rLg tkm{af6 eg] o; If]qsf] gfsfaf6 sl/a @) lsld j/ n'dGyfª;Dd 6«s ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . o; 6«sn] lrlgof“ ;fdfgx¿, ;Ld]G6, rfdn, sk8f, h'Qf, ;fa'g, bGtd~hg / cGo pkef]Uo ;fdfgx¿ cfoft x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . o;sf cnfjf n'dfGyfª;Dd sf7 cfoft klg x'g] u/]sf] 5 . t/, of] sf7 eg] klZrd g]kfnaf6 g} lgof{t ul/Psf sf7x¿ x'g] u/]sf] tYo km]nf k/]sf] 5 .

ljut @÷# jif{cl3;Dd lrlgof“ Jofkf/Lx¿ o'cfg g} dfUg] ub{y] . t/, cfhsn of] k|j[lQ kl/jt{g x'"b} uP/ g]kfnL d'b|f klg rNg yfn]sf] 5 . o;sf/0f o;If]qsf] Jofkf/sf] kl/df0fdf klg j[l4 ePsf] 5 .

n'dfGyfª;Dd cfpg] lrlgof“ 6«sx¿ klg clxn] !! ;]K6]Da/sf] 36gfkl5 eg] cfpg 5f8]sf 5g\ . o;n] cK7\of/f] l:ylt l;h{gf ul/lbPsf] 5 . n'dfGyfªaf6 blIf0f 5f/fª;Dd sl/a !$ lsld lxp“b] df]6/af6f] aGg] qmddf /x]sf] 5 . o; af6f]nfO{ DofUbL;Dd hf]8\g] atfOPsf] 5 . o; af6f]sf] lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePdf o;If]qsf] Jofkfl/s sf/f]af/df klg tLa|tf cfpg] b]lvG5 .

d':tfª If]qn] /fd|f] cfly{s ;DefJotf af]s]sf] 5 . vf;u/L kz'kfng / s[lif -:ofp, t/sf/L_sf] pTkfbg /fd|f] x'g] u/]sfn] oftfoftsf] sdLn] k|efljt u/]sf] 5 . lgof{t Jofkf/tkm{ d':tfª If]q / ltAat If]qsf] ;a}eGbf k|rlnt j:t' eg]sf] klZdgf xf] . ltAatL Jofkf/Lx¿n] g]kfnaf6 pmg lnP/ /]zdL wfuf]df ldnfp“5g\ ta klZdgf wfuf] aGb5 . of] a9L d"Nodf laqmL x'g] u5{ .

o;If]qsf] csf]{ cfly{s ultljlw xf], ko{6g . pkNnf] d':tfª ljz]if cg'dlt lnP/ dfq k|j]z ug{ ;lsG5 . o;qmd of] v08 6«]lsªsf nflu k|Voft 5 . t/, ;8s oftfoft k'u]sf] v08df ko{6sLo b[li6n] /x:odo gx'g ;S5 / k|lt:kwf{df j[l4 x'gfn] :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] xf]6n Joj;fo lj:yflkt x'g;S5 . csf{tkm{ oftfoftsf] kx'"r k'¥ofpg ;s] ko{6ssf] ;+Vof a9\g;Sg], cfk"lt{df ;/ntfn] pkef]Qmf nfeflGjt x'g], :yfgLo pTkfbgn] nfeflGjt x'g], k|bz{g c;/sf sf/0f hg;+Vofdf k|efj kg{ uO{ lzIff, :jf:Yodf klg k|efj kfg]{ h:tf ;sf/fTds kIfx¿ klg /x]sf 5g\ .

g]kfn–ltAat Jofkf/sf] k|frLg dxTj /x]sf] s]?ª–/;'jfu9L gfsf If]q clxn] pk]lIft l:yltdf /x]sf] 5 . of] If]q klg ;8s oftfoftsf] sdLn] ubf{ pk]lIft x'g k'u]sf] xf] . xfn :ofk|m'a]+;L;Dd dfq ;8s dfu{sf] kx'"r /x]sf] 5 . oxf“af6 l;dfgf /;'jfu9L;Dd el/of dfq} 9'jfgLsf ;fwg x'g\ . cem ;LdfIf]qaf6 ltAatsf] Jofkfl/s s]Gb| s]?ª;Dd k'Ug * 3G6f k}bn ofqf ug'{k5{ .

/;'jfu9L gfsf vf;u/L e]8fRofª\u|f cfoftsf nflu k|Voft 5 . bz}+ cflb rf8kj{sf avt s]?ªdf hDdf ePsf e]+8f Rofª\u|fx¿sf] jflif{s $ xhf/b]lv % xhf/j6f;Ddsf] sf/f]af/ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o:tf e]+8f Rofª\u|f cfoft ubf{ eG;f/df k|1fkgkq e/L cfoft ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . o;afx]s ltAataf6 cfoft ul/g] cGo ;fdfgx¿df h6fd;L, ;fa'g, r'O"ud, 5'kL{, h'Qf, rKkn, l8AafaGb sf]s, kmG6f cflb k|d'v x'g\ . kl5Nnf jif{x¿df klZdgfsf ;fdfgx¿sf] cfoftdf x\jfQ} j[l4 ePsf] 5 . g]kfnaf6 lgof{t x'g] j:t'x¿df eg] d'Vo?kn] lrp/f, d}bf, v';f{gL, a];f/h:tf j:t'x¿ kb{5g\ . t/ oL j:t'x¿ klg :yfgLo s]?ªdf vktsf nflu dfq} b]lvPsf 5g\ . s]?ª ahf/;Ddsf] Jofkf/sf] e'QmfgL g]kfnL d'b|fd} x'g] u/]sf] 5 . oL g]kfnL d'b|fx¿ ;~ro u/L vf;f ahf/af6 ;6xL ug]{ u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

xfn s]?ª–/;'jfu9L–:ofk|m'a]+;L ;8s lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] 5 . ltAat v08sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ k"/f eO;s]sf] 5 . o; ;8s k"/f ePkl5 vf;f ahf/sf] rfk otf ;g]{ / rLgn] s]?ª ahf/nfO{ Jofkfl/s s]Gb| agfPsfn] o;If]qsf] Jofkf/df 7"nf] j[l4 x'g] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 .

ko{6g / nufgL M g]kfnaf6 rLgtkm{ pTkfbgd"ns j:t' lgof{t x'g g;Sg] l:yltdf xfn eO/x]sf] Jofkf/ 3f6f k"lt{ ug{ bx|f] dfWod ko{6g x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 . g]kfn / rLg -ltAat_df cjl:yt /fd|f] ;f}Gbo{ lxdfnox¿, dgf]/d b[Zo Pj+ ljljw ;+:s[lt g]kfn–rLg ko{6g Joj;fosf] dxTjk"0f{ kIf xf] . o;sf cnfjf e|d0f Jofkf/, dgf]/~hg cflb klg ko{6gsf] cGo cfwf/ x'g ;S5g\ . To:t} rLg If]qsf P]ltxfl;s jf:t'snf, d"lt{snf, dgf]/d k|fs[lts b[Zo, u|]6jfn, sGkm\o'l;o; dlGb/ / ltAatsf] e"–agf}6, kf]tfnf b/af/, dfg;/f]j/ cflbn] ko{6sx¿nfO{ cfslif{t ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . o; ;Gbe{df rLg / g]kfnaLr ko{6sLo cfbfg k|bfgsf] /fd|f] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . cem t];|f] d'n'ssf ko{6sx¿nfO{ g]kfn x'"b} rLgtkm{ cfslif{t ug{;s] kmfObf x'g] ;Defjgf k|r"/ 5 .

;g\ @))) b]lv rLgn] cfkm\gf gful/sx¿nfO{ afx\o d'n'sdf e|d0f ug{ :jLs[lt lbPsf d'n'sx¿sf] ;"lrdf g]kfnnfO{ klg ;dfj]z u/]sf] 5 . xfn;Dd rLgn] g]kfnafx]s l;+ufk'/, dn]l;of, yfONof08, lkmlnlkG;, ci6«]lnof, Go"lhNof08, sf]l/of, hfkfg, O08f]g]l;of, leotgfd, nfcf];, sDaf]l8of, a|'gfO, Dofgdf/, g]kfn, xªsª, dsfp, hd{gL, dfN6f / OlhK6nfO{ cflwsfl/s uGtJo:ynsf] ?kdf :jLs[lt lbPsf] 5 . l5d]sL d'n's /fd|f] l;wf xjfO{ ;Dks{ /x]sf] / lrlgof“ nufgLstf{n] klg g]kfnsf] ko{6g Joj;fodf nufgL ug{ yfn]sf]n] g]kfndf w]/} ko{6sx¿ leq\ofpg;Sg] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 . g]kfn glhssf] b]z / a9L vr{ gx'g] tyf kj{tf/f]x0fdf g]kfn ljZjs} kl/lrt d'n's ePsf sf/0f w]/} lrlgof“ ko{6sx¿ g]kfn cfpg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . lrlgof“ ko{6sx¿ ljz]if u/L h+un ;kmf/L, b[Zofjnf]sg / Sofl;gf]df a9L cle?lr /fVg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . o;sf cnfjf wfld{s ?kn] klg lrlgof“x¿ g]kfn cfpg] ub{5g\ .

ko{6s leq\ofpg ;d:of

ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnoaf6 k|fKt tYof+s cg';f/ ;g\ !((( df hDdf % xhf/ ^ ;o #* hgf lrlgof“ gful/sx¿n] g]kfn e|d0f u/]sf lyP . ;g\ @))) df pQm ko{6s ;+Vof @^=^ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ & xhf/ * ;o *& hgfn] g]kfn e|d0f u/]sf lyP . xfn g]kfn e|d0fdf cfpg] lrlgof“ ko{6sx¿ l;w} g]kfn gcfO{ ef/t x'"b} cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . cg'dltk|fKt d'n'sdf dfq} e|d0f ug{ kfpg] x'gfn] g]kfn cfpg] lrlgof“ ko{6sx¿ ;/sf/L lgod / lgoGq0fdf g]kfn cfpg'kg]{ x'G5 . ko{6g;DaGwL g]kfn–rLgaLr ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ slDtdf % hgfsf] ;d"xdf g]kfn cfpg rfxg] ko{6sx¿n] rLg ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] ^& dWo] s'g} Ps 6«fen Ph]G;Ldfkm{t\ g]kfn e|d0f ug{;Sg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

lrlgof“ ko{6sx¿ leq\ofpg b]lvPsf k|d'v ;d:of lgDg 5g\M

g]kfndf ljBdfg dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf sf/0f ko{6sx¿ lxlRsrfPsf 5g\ .

ko{6g Joj;fosf] nflu k"jf{wf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf lrlgof“ efiff hfGg] ko{6s kyk|bz{ssf] sdLn] ubf{ klg lrlgof“ ko{6sx¿ Nofpg cK7\of/f] k/]sf] 5 .

lrlgof“ ko{6sx¿ g]kfn leq\ofpg] af/] ePsf] ;Demf}tf;“u} o;;DaGwL cfjZos xjfO{ ;]jf, ko{6s k|j]zf1f ;'ljwf, xf]6n Joj:yfsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fh:tf k|lqmofx¿ cufl8 a9\g g;Sg', lrlgof“ d'b|f k"0f{ kl/jTo{ gx'g', lrlgof“ ko{6s cfslif{t ug{ ;'emfjM

lrlgof“ ko{6sx¿ g]kfndf cfslif{t t'Nofpg lgDg adf]lhd gLlt tyf Joj:yf x'g' h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 .

eflifs ;d:of x6fpg bf]efif]x¿sf] kof{Kt Joj:yf ug'{kg]{, ;f+3fO{ afx]s rLgsf] cGo ;x/x¿df klg xjfO{;]jfsf] qmdzM lj:tf/ x'g'kg]{, g]kfn;DaGwL hfgsf/Lx¿ lrlgof“ efiffdf pNyf u/L rLgdf k|rf/k|;f/ ug'{kg]{,

To:t} tftf]kfgL eG;f/ sfof{nodf ltAat If]qaf6 cfoft x'g] ;fdfgx¿sf] eG;f/ d"Nof+sgdf Ps?ktf 5}g . efiffsf] ;d:ofsf] sf/0fn] klg lahsdf g]kfnL Jofkf/L cfkm}n] lgdf{0f ug]{ u/]sfx¿ o;sf cnfjf aLdfsf ljifox¿df klg tTsfn ;f]rfO agfpg'kg]{ b]lvG5 . lrlgof“ hfltsf] vfglkgsf] ljz]if kl/sf/ x'g] ePsfn] lrlgof“ s'sx¿ Pj+ /]i6'/]G6sf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{, xjfO{afx]s cGo dfu{ vf]Ng'kg]{, ko{6g Kofs]hsf] ljsf; ug'{kg]{, ko{6g;“u ;DalGwt ;]jf pBf]udf ;+o'Qm nufgL clej[l4 ug'{kg]{, ;f+3fO{ nufot ko{6s cfpg;Sg] lrlgof“ 7"nf ;x/x¿df ko{6g ;]jf s]Gb|;lxtsf] sG;'n]6 sfof{nox¿ g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 vf]Ng'kg]{, Nxf;f–sf7df8f}+ a; ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ Joj:yf x'g'kg]{, ltAatLx¿nfO{ g]kfn k|j]zdf ;/nLs[t ug'{kg]{, ef/tLo ko{6sx¿nfO{ ;/n kx'"r u/fpg'kg]{ cflb .

To;}n] ltAattkm{ lgsf;L x'g] j:t'df lgsf;Lk"j{ u'0f:t/ lg/LIf0f ug]{ Joj:yf ug]{ / rLgaf6 cfoft x'g] j:t'df China commodity impective bureau af6 lg/LIf0f u/L u'0f:t/o'Qm ePdf CIB l:6s/ 6f“:g] k|fjwfg s8fOsf ;fy nfu" ug{ ;s] s]xL xb;Dd ;fjwfg x'g] b]lvG5 .

lrlgof“ nufgLsf] l:ylt M x'g t lrlgof“ nufgL g]kfndf cufl8b]lv g} x'"b} cfPsf] eP tfklg pNn]Vo nufgL Nofpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . t/ klg lrlgof“ nufgLdf j[l4 x'"b} cfPsf] 5, ;'?b]lv xfn;Dd lrlgof“ nufgLdf s'n $* j6f pBf]un] :jLs[lt kfPsf 5g\ eg] ! ;o %( s/f]8 ?k}of“ a/fa/sf] nufgL lelqPsf] 5 . lrlgof“ nufgLdf vf]lnPsf pBf]ux¿df lrlgof“ /]i6'/]G6, ufd]{G6 pBf]u, lgdf{0f ;]jfsf pBf]ux¿ d'Vo 5g\ . o;sf cnfjf l;d]G6 pBf]u, df;' k|zf]wg pBf]u nufotsf pBf]ux¿df nufgL ug{ pT;'s 5g\ .

lrlgof“ nufgLsf] ;DefJotf eg] c? If]qx¿df klg k|z:t 5 . g]kfndf lrlgof“ nufgLstf{x¿n] nufgL ug{;Sg] dxTjk"0f{ If]q eg]sf] hn;|f]t xf] . o;sf cnfjf s[lif / jghGo pBf]u cflbdf klg /fd|f] ;DefJotf /x]sf] 5 .

nufgL j[l4 x'g g;Sgfsf sf/0fx¿ M cGo b]zsf] t'ngfdf glhs Pj+ ;DefJotf /x"bf /x"b} klg ljleGg sf/0fn] nufgL j[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . bf]xf]/f] s/ e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{, ef}lts k"jf{wf/ cflb h:tf sf/0fx¿n] nufgL j[l4 x'g g;s]sf] xf] . ljB't\, kfgL, af6f]3f6f]h:tf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ kof{Kt x'g g;Sbf nufgLstf{ lxlRsrfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . To:t} j}b]lzs nufgL k|lqmof sfuhL ?kdf w]/} 3'dfp/f], ;do nfUg] / emGeml6nf] 5 . To;}n] klg nufgLstf{x¿ xtf]T;flxt x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] Psåf/ k|0ffnLn] klg Tolt cfslif{t ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . g]knfdf Duty free bonded warehouse x¿sf] Joj:yf gx'g' csf]{ sl7gfO b]lvPsf] 5 . o:tf warehouse sf] Joj:yf gePsf sf/0f ljljw k|f]h]S6df sfo{/t lrlgof“ nufgLstf{x¿n] k|f]h]S6 ;lsPkl5 d]l;g/L cf}hf/ lnP/ hfg'kg]{ / csf]{ k|f]h]S6 ;'? ePkl5 k'gM To:tf ;fdfgx¿ g]kfndf Nofpg'kg]{ h:tf cK7\of/fn] nufgLstf{x¿ cK7\of/f]df kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ . o:tf cK7\of/fx¿nfO{ ;Rofpg ;s] dfq nufgL cfslif{t x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

lrlgof“ nufgL k|a4{g ug]{ sfd plrt 9+un] x'g g;Sg' klg lrlgof“ nufgL j[l4 gx'g'sf] sf/0f xf] . rLgl:yt /fhb"tfjf; / Nxf;fl:yt dxfjfl0fHo b"tfjf;x¿n] ljutdf lhDd]jf/ e"ldsf v]Ng ;s]sf 5}gg\ . o;sf cnfjf xªsª, tfOjfglt/ a:g] lrlgof“x¿nfO{ klg g]kfn nufgLsf] uGtJoIf]q x'g;Sg] dx;'; u/fpg ;lsPg . o;df ;'wf/ NofO{ ljleGg dfWodåf/f g]kfnsf] Jofkfl/s ;DefJotfsf] Jofks k|rf/k|;f/ ug'{kg]{ l:ylt 5 .

To:t} le;f / efiff klg lrlgof“ nufgLsf] csf]{ afwfsf] ?kdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . g]kfndf nufgL ug{ cfpg] lrlgof“x¿sf nflu dlN6kn le;f l;:6d gePsf sf/0f cK7\of/f] kg]{ u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf nufgL ug{ rfxg]x¿sf nflu #, $ jif{sf] dlN6kn le;f / cfjf;Lo le;f pknAw u/fpg;s] /fd|f] ;Defjgf 5 .

;d:of / ;'emfj

g]kfn rLg -ltAat_ aLr Jofkf/df qmdzM j[l4 x'"b} uO/fv]sf] 5 . Jofkf/sf] kl/df0fdf j[l4 x'"b} hf“bf ;d:ofx¿ klg ylk+b} uPsf 5g\ . rLgaf6 g]kfndf cfoft x'g] ;fdfgx¿ ef/tlt/ k'Ug] u/]sf] cg'dfg ug]{ ul/G5 . g]kfnaf6 o;/L cfoft Pj+ lgof{t x'g] ubf{ Jofkfl/s sf/f]af/df j[l4 ePs} 5 . t/, eljiodf lrlgof“ ;fdfg ef/t k'Ug ;Sg] cf}krfl/s dfu{ k|z:t eof] eg] g]kfnsf] sf/f]af/df lzlyntf cfpg;S5 . o:tf] lzlyntfn] cy{tGqnfO{ g} c;/ k'¥ofpg ;S5 . To;}n] o:tf ;d:ofx¿;“u h'Wg rLg / ef/tsf] Jofkfl/s gLltnfO{ rt'/tfsf ;fy x]l/g'k5{ .

csf]{tkm{ g]kfnaf6 rLgtkm{ pTkfbgd"ns j:t'sf] lgof{t x'g;Sg] l:ylt g/x]sf]df o;sf] j}slNks ;dfwfg vf]Hg'kg]{ b]lvG5 . vf;u/L lgdf{0f ;fdu|L, rfdn, lrgLh:tf ;DefJotf af]s]sf j:t'x¿nfO{ ljBdfg lgodx¿df ;+zf]wg u/]/ eP klg lgof{t pBf]unfO{ a9fjf lbg'k5{ . o;sf cnfjf lgof{tof]Uo cGo j:t'x¿sf] klxrfg / j:t' ljljlws/0f ug'{kg]{ l:ylt 5 . To:t} rLgsf] cfGtl/s cfly{s lgod sfg'gx¿nfO{ klg g]kfnL Jofkf/Lx¿n] a'em\g' h?/L 5 .

vf;f ahf/nfO{ d'Vo s]Gb| agfP/ Jofkf/ ug]{ cfoft jf lgof{tstf{ k|foM ;a} cgflws[t x'gfn] ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 . o;n] sf/f]af/df c;'/Iffsf] l:ylt k}bf u/]sf] 5 . o;sf] ;dfwfgfy{ vf;fdf btf{ ePsf kmd{x¿nfO{ dfq} sf/f]af/ ug'{ rLgtkm{af6 kxn ul/g'kg]{ b]lvG5 . g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 eg] Nxf;fl:yt dxfjfl0fHob"tsf] zfvf vf;fdf vf]Ng' cfjZos 5 .

efiff ;d:of klg g]kfn–rLg Jofkf/df 68\sf/f] ?kdf b]lvPsf] 5 . lan, lahs, a}+s cflbsf sfuhftx¿ klg ltAatL efiffdf x'g] u/]sf sf/0f sl7gtf cfpg] u/]sf] 5 . vf;fl:yt Jofkf/Lx¿n] c+u|]hL klg ghfGg] ePsf sf/0f s'g} vf; To:tf lgsfo h;n] eflifs ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg u/f];\, vf]Ng'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

o;If]qsf] Jofkf/sf] csf]{ ;d:of ;fdfgsf] u'0f:t/ klg xf] . g]kfnaf6 lgof{t x'g] j:t'sf] ;fy;fy} g]kfntkm{ cfoft x'g] j:t'sf] u'0f:t/df Ps?ktf kfO"b}g . cem g]kfntkm{ cfpg] ;fdfg d"No Hofb} sd eP h:t} l6sfp klg gx'g] x'gfn] pkef]Qmfx¿k|lt gsf/fTds wf/0ff ag]sf] b]lvG5 .

To:t} tftf]kfgL eG;f/ sfof{nodf ltAat If]qaf6 cfoft x'g] ;fdfgx¿sf] eG;f/ d"Nof+sgdf Ps?ktf 5}g . efiffsf] ;d:ofsf] sf/0fn] klg lahsdf g]kfnL Jofkf/L cfkm}n] lgdf{0f ug]{ u/]sfx¿ o;sf cnfjf aLdfsf ljifox¿df klg tTsfn ;f]rfO agfpg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

-g]kfn ltAat ;Ldf Jofkf/ Ps cWoog @)%*÷%(_

ltxf/sf] axfgfdf ljikmf]6s kbfy{ lelqg ;Sg] cfz+sf

?kGb]xL . ltxf/sf] k/Dk/fnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] axfgfdf dfcf]jfbLsf ljikmf]6s kbfy{x¿ lelqg gkfpmg\ eGg] x]t'n] ;LdfjtL{ If]qsf g]kfnL tyf ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] ;'/Iff Joj:yf s8f u/]sf 5g\ .

g]kfn ef/tsf gfsfx¿dWo] n'lsl5kL cj}w ;fdfg leq\ofpg ;lhnf] gfsfsf ?kdf k|of]u x'"b} cfPsf] ?kGb]xL lhNnfsf ;LdfjtL{af6 ltxf/sf] nflu eg]/ cj}w ?kdf xltof/ tyf ljikmf]6s kbfy{x¿ leq\ofpg] kl/kf6L lg?T;flxt ug]{ p2]Zon] b'j} b]zsf ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx¿aLrsf] ;xdltsf cfwf/df ;Ldf ;'/Iff s8f kfl/Psf] xf] .

k|zf;g sfof{non] klg ljs[lt, lj;+ult / vt/fhGo ljikmf]6s kbfy{ leq\ofpg lgif]lwt u/]sf] 5 . To;f] t ljut jif{x¿df k6sfhGo ljikmf]6s j:t'x¿ leq\ofpg lgif]lwt gul/Psf xf]Ogg\ . t/ klg k|z:t dfqfdf /x]sf rf]/af6f]x¿af6 k|ltalGwt j:t'x¿ lelqg] qmd /lx/x]sf] lyof] .

rf]/L u/]/ cj}w af6f]af6 NofOPsf To:tf j:t'x¿ e}/xjf, a'6jn, tfg;]g, tD3f;, k/f;L / sltko /fhwfgLdf klg k'¥ofpg] u/]sf ;"qx¿sf] bfaL 5 . ?kGb]xLsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L yfg]Zj/ b]jsf]6fn] cj}w / lgif]lwt ljikmf]6s kbfy{x¿ leq\ofpg]x¿lj?4 s8f sf/afxL ug]{ / leq\ofpg /f]Sg] pkfox¿ cjnDag ul/g] atfpg'eof] . ltxf/nfO{ axfgf agfP/ Wj+;fTds ultljlwdf k|of]u ul/g] g]kfn leq\ofOg] ljikmf]6s kbfy{x¿ g]kfn k|j]zdf /f]s nufpg k|x/Ln] ;hutf ckgfp“b} cfPsf] 5 .

s]xL lbgcl3 ?kGb]xLsf] d+unfk'/af6 cj}w ljikmf]6s kbfy{ k|x/Ln] a/fdb u/]sf] lyof] . t/, ;'gf}nL ;LdfjtL{ If]qx¿af6 Toxf“;Dd To:tf kbfy{ s;/L cfP eGg] af/]df k|x/L df}g 5 . ?kGb]xLdf dfcf]jfbL ultljlw a9\g yfn]sf 5g\ . o;} xKtf dfq} Onfsf k|zf;g sfof{no a'6jnsf] a6f}nLl:yt sfof{nosf] /]s8{ zfvfdf s's/ ad ljikmf]6 u/fO{ Iflt u/fPsf 5g\ .

sk8f rf]/L lgoGq0f OsfO u7g

g]kfn sk8f pBf]u ;+3sf] xfn} a;]sf] a}7sn] o; pBf]unfO{ k'g?Tyfg ug{ sk8fsf] rf]/L k}7f/L /f]Sg ljz]if sfo{qmd cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 . o;sf nflu pBdLx¿n] sk8f rf]/L lgoGq0f PsfO u7g ug]{ ePsf 5g\ .

eG;f/ 5nL NofOPsf sk8fsf sf/0f g]kfnL sk8f pBf]ux¿ lbgfg'lbg w/fzfoL eO/x]sf] 7x/ ;f] ;+3n] u/]sf] 5 . sk8f pBf]usf] k'g?Tyfg u/L o;nfO{ /fli6«o pBf]usf] nIodf k'¥ofpg xfnsf] l:yltdf rf]/L k}7f/LnfO{ lgoGq0f Pj+ oyfy{ d"Nof+sg ug{ >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ;DalGwt lgsfo cy{ dGqfno, pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfno, eG;f/ ljefu, sk8f ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ ;+3n] klxNo}b]lv lg/Gt/ cg'/f]w ul//x]sf] 5, t/ To;af6 ;Gtf]ifhgs ?kdf rf]/L lgoGq0f gePsf] j:t'l:yltnfO{ dWogh/ u/L cfkm\g} k|of;df rf]/L lgoGq0fsf nflu …sk8f rf]/L lgoGq0f OsfOÚ u7g ul/Psf] hfgsf/L cWoIf dx]znfn k|wfgn] lbg'ePsf] 5 . ;+3n] o;sf] hfgsf/L >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;DalGwt lgsfox¿, clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u Pj+ /fh:j cg';Gwfg ljefudf ;d]t lbPsf] 5 .

g]kfnL sk8f pTkfbs pBdLx¿ rLgaf6 cfoftLt ;:tf] sk8f / ef/taf6 t:s/Ld} cfPsf sk8fsf] df/n] lklN;Psf 5g\ .

/fHonIdL sf] x'g\ <

g]kfnsf] cfw'lgs Oltxf;df ;a}eGbf a9L rlr{t gf/L kfq dxf/fgL /fHonIdLsf] gfd k|foM w]/}n] ;'g]sf 5g\ . t/, pgsf] gfd sf]tkj{sf] k|;+udf dfq a9L kl/lrt 5 . pgsf] p7fg / cj;fg sd}n] dfq hfg]sf 5g\ . pgsf] p7fg / cj;fg ;d]tnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] p2]Zon] …sf]tkj{sL dxf/fgL /fhnIdLÚ gfdsf] hLjgL kf7s;fd' k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ Oltxf;sf/ Pj+ kqsf/ k|sfz P= /fhn] . emG8} cfwf bh{geGbf a9L k':ts k|sflzt u/fO;s]sf k|sfz P= /fhn] …g]kfnsf k|l;4 gf/Lx¿Ú >[+vnfsf] klxnf] s8Lsf] ?kdf k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ .

k':ts cfsf/ ;fgf] eP tfklg dxf/fgL /fHonIdLsf] gfd, o;sf] k|fdfl0fstfdf hf]8, /fhf /fh]Gb|ljqmd zfx;“u ljjfbb]lv jf/f0f;Ldf b'MvL hLjg latfpg' k/]sf] / To:t}df b'Mvb\ cj;fg ePsf] s'/fnfO{ e/;s k|fdfl0fs ?kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . klxnf] k]hdf kltkTgLsf] pd]/df kltsf] pd]/ w]/} x'g] k/Dk/f / ;fg}df ljjfx x'g] x'"bf w]/}sf] cGt/ x'g] ;Defjgf lgs} sd /x]sf] hgfp“b} /fh]Gb|sf] hGd !*&) dfu{ ePsf]n] /fHonIdLsf] hGdldlt !*&) sf] pQ/f4{ cyjf !*&! x'g] w]/} ;Defjgf b]lvg] cg'dfg rfvnfUbf] 5 . o;nfO{ k':tssf l6Kk0fLsf/ Pj+ Oltxf;sf/ lbg]z/fh kGtn] klg cfkm\gf] dGtJodf pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 .

k':tsdf sf]tkj{sf] k[i7e"ld / sf]tkj{nfO{ ;+lIfKt ?kdf k|i6\ofpg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . uugl;+xsf] xTofsf ;DaGwdf ljleGg c8\sn sfl6Psf] ;Gbe{df n]vsn] nfn emf eGg] JolQmn] xTof u/]sf] lgwf] ub}{ eg]sf 5g\, …uugl;+x s'g} a]nf /fhf /fh]Gb|sf bIf lyP . pgsf] xTof nfn emf eGg] abdf;n] u/]sf] lyof]Ú -k]h !!_ . To:t} sf]tkj{ 36\g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f dxf/fgL dfq} geO{ /fhf /fh]Gb|sf] sf/0f klg xf] eGb} Ps 7fp“df n]v]sf 5g\, …cfkm\gf] x's'dsf] clwsf/ ;d]t /fHonIdLnfO{ ;'lDklbg] sf]tkj{ ePsf] /flt klg /fhf eP/ k|wfgdGqLsf] 3/df pgnfO{ af]nfpg cfkm}+ hfg] h:tf /fh]Gb|sf] sdhf]/Ln] klg sf]tkj{ x'g uof] -k]h !@_ .

k':tsdf dxf/fgL /fHonIdLsf] jf/f0f;Lsf] lgjf{l;t hLjgnfO{ klg /fd|f];“u k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . h'g 5f]/fnfO{ /fhf agfpg pgn] Toqf] sf]tkj{, e08f/vfnkj{ dRrfpg] /fHonIdL lj?4 ;f]xL 5f]/f /fh]Gb|n] ;DklQsf nflu d'2f g} ug{ k'U5g\ . pgsf] ;DklQ klg lxgfldgf x'G5 . …a"9];sfndf dnfO{ b"w vfg k'u]gÚ h:tf lr7L >L # /0ff]2LknfO{ k7fpg k'lU5g\ . t/ lgjf{l;t hLjgdf pgn] gftL df]xgljqmd zfx -jL/]Gb|sf 5f]/f_ /fdgu/sf /fhf eP . t/ pgsf] klg 5f]/f k5f}6f / h]7f 5f]/f /fh]Gb|sf] klg 5f]/feGbf tnsf ;Gtfg gePsfn] /fHonIdLsf] j+zj[If g} ;vfk eof] . ;+lIfKt hLjgL n]vs k|sfz P= /fhn] ;/n 9+uaf6 k|:t't ug{ ;kmn b]lvG5g\ .

;fgf] k':ts eP klg q'l6 k|z:t} 5g\ . k':ts zLif{sdf dxf/fgLsf] gfd …/fhnIdLÚ n]lvPsf] 5 eg] leq af/Daf/ /fHonIdL elgPsf] 5 . /fhnIdL xf] ls /fHonIdL xf] ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ 5 . k':tssf] csf]{ bf]if n]vs cfkm}+ ag]sf 5g\ . pgn] cfkm\gf] kfl/jfl/s k[i7e"ldnfO{ cgfjZos tGsfpg] k|of; u/]sf 5g\ . cfkm\gf k'vf{ ljho/fh kl08tnfO{ rf]Vofpg] / ;t\ kfq b]vfpg] cgfjZos k|of; u/]sf 5g\ . h:tf] ls e08f/vfn kj{sf] rrf{ ubf{ s'n !@ Kof/fu|fkmdWo] ^ Kof/f dfq} kj{;“u ;DalGwt 5 . af“sL ^ Kof/fu|fkm rflx+ ljho/fhsf] dfq} j0f{g ul/Psf] 5 . h'g Tolt cfjZos 5}g . To:t} ;DejtM eLd;]g yfkfh:tf /fli6«o lje"ltnfO{ xf]Rofpg] k|of; ub}{ elgPsf] 5, …lg/+s'z zf;g ;'? ug]{ klxnf k|wfgdGqL h+uaxfb'/ lyPgg\, eLd;]g yfkf lyP -k]h @(_ .

s]xL eflifs q'l6x¿ klg gePsf eg] xf]Ogg\ . ljho/fh kl08tn] /fHonIdLk|lt u2f/L u/]sf] jf pgsf] lj/f]wL v]df ePsf sf/0f ;Gtfg k|sfz P= /fh lgikIf x'g eg] ;s]sf 5}gg\ . pgn] ;'/]Gb|sf j+zh jL/]Gb| / /fhnIdLsf k'/f]lxtsf j+zh s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{aLrsf] åGån] g]kfndf gof“ Joj:yf cfPsf] efg kg]{ lsl;dsf] ;Gb]z klg lbg vf]h]sf] cg'ej x'G5 .

;du|df k':ts hfgsf/Ld"ns g} 5 . s'n !! zLif{sdf ;d]l6Psf] hLjgLsf] cGTodf dxf/fgLnfO{ qm"/ b]vfpg] lgs} k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .

k':tssf] gfd M sf]tkj{sL dxf/fgL /fhnIdL

k|sfzs M gjLg klAns];G;

n]vs M k|sfz P= /fh

d"No ¿= M %)÷–

afa'/fd

xftxltof/ k|bz{g ug]{ hfqf ;/fo"

klZrd g]kfnsf] n'lDagL c~rndf kg]{ u'NdL / c3f{vf“rL lhNnfdf bz}+sf] cj;/df dgfOg] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ wfld{s / ;f+:s[lts hfqf ;/fo"n] :yfgLo 5qb]jL dlGb/sf] dxTjnfO{ cem a9fPsf] 5 . lj=;+= !(%& df :yflkt 5qb]jL dlGb/df cfO{ 5qb]jL efs]/ dgf]sf+Iff k"/f x'g] ljZjf; :yfgLo >4fn'sf] /lxcfPsf] 5 .

ko{6sLo ;x/ tfg;]gb]lv klZrdtkm{ u'NdL lhNnfsf] dWo e]u e]8'jf ahf/ / rf]Pufsf] aLrdf cjl:yt 5qb]jL dlGb/sf] :yfkgf :yfgLoaf;L kf]v|]nafh]n] c3f{vf“rLsf] c3f{ eGg] 7fp“af6 d"lt{ lnP/ cfPkl5 ljlwjt :yfkgf ul/Psf] :yfgLo a"9fkfsf atfp“5g\ . dlGb/sf] :yfkgf;“u} oxf“ ;/fo" hfqf nfUb} cfPsf] 5 .

dlGb/leqsf v's'/L, t/af/, v'"8f, v8\u, n7\7L, 9fn cflb xftxltof/ xftdf lnP/ afhfsf] tfndf gfr b]vfpg] hfqf xf] . r}t] bz}+ / sf]hfu|t k"l0f{dfsf] lbg km"nkftLsf] la;h{g ug]{ cj;/df of] hfqf v]lnG5 . ;f]xL lbg 5qb]jL dlGb/df gf]/d, lj/jf;, x+uf / efn'kftLh:tf glhssf 7fp“af6 ;/fo" v]n v]nfpg cfpg] ub{5g\ . ;/fo" b]jLb]jtfsf] dlGb/df km"nkftL la;h{g ug]{ ;dodf Ps k|sf/sf] o'4 snf k|bz{g ug{ v]lng] ePsfn] of] v]nsf] klg k/Dk/fut dfGotf 5 . ;/fo" v]Nbf afhfsf] tfndf …v]nf] efO xf] jfSv}sf]Ú efsf;lxt gflrG5 . xftxltof/ k|bz{g ub}{ b]jLsf] k'sf/ u/]/ o;sf] yfngL x'G5 . /fIf;sf] k/fhokZrft\ b]jLn] ljhof]T;j dgfPsf] ;+s]tsf] ?kdf of] hfqf v]lng] u/]sf] hgljZjf; 5 . :yfgLo o'jfx¿n] dlxgf}+b]lv tflnd lnO{ o; gfrnfO{ dgfpg lgs} dxTj lbPsf 5g\ . cfw'lgstfsf] rk]6fdf k/L qmdzM nf]k x'g] cj:yfdf /x]sf] ;/fo" gfrsf] hu]gf{ ug]{ dfq xf]Og, pQm d]nf x]g{ cfpg]x¿nfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{ qmddf :yfgLo o'jfx¿n] lgs} k|of; u/]sf 5g\ . t/, ljutsf jif{x¿sf] t'ngfdf o; jif{ zflGt ;'/Iffsf] b[li6n] d]nf x]g{ cfpg]x¿df sdL cfPsf] 5 . o; ;DaGwdf dlGb/ Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o emsaxfb'/ ldw'g eg] o:tf] k|lts"n kl/l:yltdf klg d]nf x]g{ cfpg]x¿sf] ;+Vof a9\bf] /x]sf]atfp“5g\ . …a?, ;bfem}+ ;f“em;Dd dflg;x¿ a;]gg\Ú, pgn] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfP .

b]z ljb]zaf6 3/ kms]{sfx¿ k"l0f{dfsf] ;/fo" d]nf gx]l/sg ufp“ 5f8\g dfGb}gg\ . glhssf lhNnfx¿ :ofª\hf, c3f{vf“rL, kfNkfaf6 ;d]t dfG5]x¿ cfP/ o; gfrsf] dgf]/~hg lng] ub{5g\ . ;f] lbg ahf/ Jofkf/sf] lx;fan] klg :yfgLo Jofkf/Lsf cnfjf a'6jn, kfNkf / g]kfnu~hlt/sf Jofkf/Lx¿ ;d]tn] ;fdfg laqmL ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ cj;/sf] ?kdf lng] ub{5g\ .

;d'b|L ;txb]lv #%)) ld6/ prfOdf Kofuf]8f z}nLdf lgld{t 5qb]jL dlGb/leq k:gf;fy d"n9f]sf glhs} em'08\ofOPsf] 3G6 / b]jLsf] cfsif{s d"lt{ nufot cGo snfTds j:t'x¿ b]v]kl5 To;sf] k|z+;f gug]{x¿ sd} x'G5g\ .

oxf“ jif]{gL 7"nf] ;+Vofdf >4fn' eQmhgx¿ bz{g ug{ / k~raln r9fpg cfpg] ub{5g\ . k~ralndf /f“uf, e]8f, af]sf, k/]jf, s'v'/f / xf“;sf] aln lbOG5 . ljz]ifu/L cflZjg z'Sn k|ltkbfb]lv k"l0f{df;Dd / r}t]bz}+sf] ;dodf 7"nf] ;+Vofdf tLy{ofqL tyf eQmhgx¿ bz{g ug{ cf]O/f] nfU5g\ eg] cGo cfOtaf/ klg bz{gfyL{sf] 3'O"rf] x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

cfGtl/s ko{6gsf] Ps uGtJo x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf klg o; hfqf / dlGb/n] af]s]sf] 5 . ;/fo" gfr gflrg] lbg / o; gfrsf] dxTjnfO{ k|rf/k|;f/ ug{;s] u|fdL0f Pj+ wfld{s ko{6gsf] ljsf; x'g;Sg] dlGb/ Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o ldy'gsf] 5 . pgn] o;sf nflu ;DalGwt 6«fen Ph]G;L Pj+ ko{6g af]8{n] k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ atfP .

dlGb/sf] :yfkgfsf] P]ltxfl;stf;“u hf]l8Psf sltko sfsL{ / 608gx¿sf] tTsfnLg cj:yf b]vL /]vb]v ub}{ cfO/x]sf] eP tfklg dlGb/sf] pNn]vgLo hL0ff]{åf/ x'g g;s]kl5 s]xL jif{otf eg] dlGb/ Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] :yfkgf u/]kl5 eg] yf]/} eP klg ;'wf/sf] ;+s]t b]lvg yfn]sf] 5 . ljutsf jif{df bfge]6Laf6 hDdf x'g] /sd klg k"hf/Ln] g} lng] u/]sfn] dlGb/sf] ;fdfGo hL0ff]{åf/ ug{ klg ;+s6 kg{ yfn]kl5 xfn bfg e]6L / k~raln r9fOPsf /f“uf, af]sf, s'v'/f cflbsf xf8sf laqmL u/]/ jflif{s emG8} ;f7L xhf/ ?k}of“ ;+sng x'g] ub{5 . h;af6 clxn] sf]ifdf 7"n} /sd hDdf eO;s]sf] 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm ljb]zaf6 kms]{sf nfx'/] / cGo JolQmx¿n] ;d]t sf]ifnfO{ cfly{s ;xof]u ;d]t ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . To;f] t :yfgLo nf]saxfb'/ 608g kl/jf/n] b]jLsf] cfsif{s d"lt{ ;Demgf:j?k ;xof]u u/]kl5 c? JolQmx¿n] klg s]xL g s]xL ;xof]u ug{ pT;'s x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . t/, :yfgLoaf;Lx¿ eg] dlGb/df ;+slnt /sdnfO{ plrt 7fp“df nufgL u/]/ dlGb/nfO{ bl/nf] agfpg nfnflot ag]sf] cfef; k"l0f{dfsf] ef]lnkN6 dlGb/df hDdf x'g] :yfgLo JolQmx¿sf] pkl:yltn] g} ldNb5 . pRr kxf8L e]udf /x]sf] 5qb]jL dlGb/ wfld{s b[li6sf cltl/Qm ko{6sLo b[li6sf]0fn] klg dxTjk"0f{ dflg+b} cfPsf] 5 . ;b/d'sfd hfg] df]6/af6f] glhs jl/kl/ ;Nnfsf cUnf ?vx¿ clg v'nf rf}/ / cln pRr efudf rf/}lt/ kvf{nn] 3]l/Psf] pQm dlGb/sf] cjnf]sg gul/sg Tof] af6f] ofqf ug]{ sf]xL klg ofq' kms{+b}gg\ .

o'jfo'jtLx¿ Toxf“ cfO{ 3'dlkm/ ug]{b]lv lnP/ lxdfnsf r'r'/fx¿;“u /dfp“b} lztn xfjf ln+b} cfgGb lng ;lsg] ePsfn] klg pQm 7fp“sf] dxTj a9\b} uPsf] 5 . pQm dlGb/s} af6f] eP/ ;b/d'sfd / /];'+uf k'lug] ePsfn] dlGb/ kl/;/df cfsif{s kfs{ ;d]t agfpg ;s] o'jfo'jtLsf] ckf/ cf:Yf /x]sf] o; dlGb/sf] ul/df cem a9\g] wf/0ff rf]Puf n'D5fsf o'jf s]zj 608gsf] 5 . ;f] dlGb/ lhNnfs} w]/} o'jfo'jtLsf] e/kbf]{ ;fyL / ToxL cfO{ s}of}+ gjb'nfxf b'nxL 6Lsf6fnf] ug]{ Pj+ dfofkL/lt ;f6f;f6 ;d]t ug]{ u/]sf] :yfgLo o'jfo'jtL g} atfp“5g\ . t/, :yfglo z]/axfb'/ 608gsf] u'gf;f] 5, ;~rf/dfWodn] pQm dlGb/sf] k|rf/k|;f/ gul/lb+bf st} cf]em]ndf t kg]{ xf]Og <

/fh]z dxf]qf

tYof+s ljefudf clgoldttf ePsf] ph'/L clVtof/df

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . s]Gb|Lo tYof+s ljefudf ePsf cfly{s clgoldttfsf Ps bh{g 36gfx¿ pNn]v ub}{ Toxf“sf sd{rf/Lx¿n] clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]udf a]gfdL ph'/L btf{ u/fPsf 5g\ . sd{rf/Lx¿n] xfn]sf] ph'/Ldf ljefusf dxflgb]{zs 8f= P;=od=Pg= ;'efgL, n]vf clws[t d]3/fh kf]v|]n / zfvf clws[t ljgf]b g}gfj:tLnfO{ e|i6frf/, cfly{s clgoldttf Pj+ clVtof/ b'?kof]usf] cf/f]kdf d'l5Psf] 5 .

pQm ph'/Ldf pNn]v eP cg';f/, lgldQ dxflgb]{zs ePsf] ef]lnkN6 cyf{t\ @)%* kmfu'g !* ut] zlgaf/ 8f= ;'efgLn] cd]l/sfdf cWoog/t cfkm\gf 5f]/fx¿nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o 6]lnkmf]g u/L xhf/f}+sf] lan ljefusf] ah]6af6 e'QmfgL ul/Psf] lyof] . ljefun] b"/;~rf/ ;+:yfgnfO{ r]s g+= !@@&^%), !@&#^!*, !@&#^!& sf] ldlt @)%(÷#÷@$ af6 e'QmfgL lbPsf] lyof] .

dxflgb]{zs ;'efgLn] sG6«L sf]if{ ;~rfngsf nflu o"Pg8LkLaf6 k|fKt cd]l/sL 8n/ #% ;o cfkm}+ a'emL lnO{ cfkm\g} vftfdf hDdf u/]sf] cf/f]k klg nufOPsf] 5 . clgoldttfsf] pbfx/0f lb+b} ph'/Ldf elgPsf] 5– …s8{n]; 6]lnkmf]g ljefusf] ah]6af6 v/Lb u/L :6f]/ bflvnf ;d]t gu/L lgh dxflgb]{zsn] cfkm\g} lghL k|of]usf nflu 3/d} /fvL k|of]u ul//x]sf 5g\ .Ú dxflgb]{zsnfO{ cf/f]lkt ug]{ qmddf sd{rf/Ln] ljefusf] ^^–!–$@( g+= sf] ;jf/L ;fwg @$ 306f cfkm\gf] kl/jf/ Pj+ cfkmGtnfO{ lghL ;jf/L ;fwg ;/x k|of]u u/L ljefunfO{ k|ltdlxgf @)) ln6/eGbf a9L l8h]n / xhf/f}+ ?k}of“ dd{t vr{sf] Jooef/ kf/]sf] pNn]v klg u/]sf 5g\ . To:t} /fli6«o s[lif u0fgfsf] sfo{jfkt @)%* dfu{b]lv ;'? tna :s]nsf] &) k|ltzt eQf lnP/ lgodfg';f/ !% k|ltzt cfos/ s§f gu/L e'QmfgL lbg] u/]sf] cf/f]k klg pQm kqdf nufOPsf] 5 . sd{rf/Lx¿n] dxflgb]{zs 8f= ;'efgLnfO{ zfvf tYof+s sfof{no sf7df8f}+sf] 3/sf nflu cfkm\g} lghL 3/ ef8fdf lbg sf7df8f}+ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf lgj]bg btf{ u/fPsf] / zfvf tYof+s sfof{no sf7df8f}+sf sfof{no k|d'v / n]vf k|d'vnfO{ cfkm\gf] 3/ ef8fdf tTsfn lbg bafa lbO/x]sf] uDeL/ cf/f]k klg nufPsf 5g\ . To:t} /fli6«o s[lif u0fgf @)%* sf] ah]6 yk tyf af“8kmf“8 ubf{ slDtdf hDdf ah]6sf] %) k|ltzt clgjfo{ ?kdf dxflgb]{zsnfO{ a'emfpg'kg]{ ;t{df af“8kmf“8 :jLs[t u/L k|yd r/0fdf %) k|ltzt a'emfpg]nfO{ bf];|f] r/0fdf cfjZos kg]{ / dfu u/]sf] eGbf bf]Aa/ ah]6 :jLs[t tyf af“8kmf“8 u/L k|To]snfO{ /f]h]sf] lhNnfdf lhNnf s[lif u0fgf clws[t agfO{ v6fPsf] cf/f]k klg nufOPsf] 5 .

ph'/Lstf{x¿n] /fli6«o s[lif u0fgf @)%* sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ah]6 / ;fdu|Lx¿ cf=j= @)%&÷%* sf] ah]6af6 g} vl/b u/L lhNnfdf k7fpg] ;d]t lg0f{o ePsf] / cf=j= )%*÷%( sf] ah]6af6 klg ;f]xL ;fdu|Lx¿ v/Lb u/L lhNnf k7fPsf] /]s8{ agfO{ nfvf}+ ?k}of“ clgoldttf u/]sf] tyf vfPsf] cf/f]k klg pxf“dfly nufPsf 5g\ . To:t} zfvf clws[t ljgf]b g}gfj:tLnfO{ tflnd g} glbO{ sDKo'6/ tflnd vr{ ?= %,%)) n]v]sf] e]l6g'nfO{ cfly{s clgoldttfs} pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . tYof+s ljefusf :jfledfgL sd{rf/Lsf] gfddf lbOPsf] ph'/Ldf ljefu sDkfp08leq /x]sf ;d/h+u sDkgLn] sf6]sf] ?vx¿ x6fpg] axfgfdf k"j{ sf]zL lgdf{0f ;]jfsf] lan NofO{ ?= !% xhf/ dxflgb]{zs / n]vf zfvf clws[tn] ldn]/ vfPsf] k|;+u klg pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . pgLx¿n] /fli6«o s[lif u0fgf @)%* sf] ;fdfg 9'jfgL ubf{ l;6L PS;k|]; k|f=ln=;“u 7"nf] /sddf ;Demf}tf u/L pQm ;Demf}tfsf] %) b]lv &) k|ltzt;Dd sld;g lnPsf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ .

To:t} cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf cyf{t\ ut cfiff9sf] klxnf] xKtfdf 6\jfOn]6 dd{t ug]{ egL ?= ((,(%& df Pp6f / ?= ((,^($.%! df csf]{ /sd :jLs[t u/L pQm 6\jfOn]6x¿ eTsfP/ dfq 5f8L cfiff9 d;fGtdf ;Dk"0f{ /sdsf] vr{ n]vL clgoldttf u/]sf] / clxn] cfP/ k'gM csf]{ b'O{j6fnfO{ k|lt 7]s]bf/ ?= (((%& sf] :jLs[t ug{ sf/afxL cufl8 a9fPsf] cf/f]k klg pxf“x¿dfly nfu]sf] 5 . o;/L Pp6} sfddf cf=j= cnu cnu u/L k|To]sk6s nfUg] vr{eGbf bf]Aa/sf] sG;N6]G;L :jLs[t u/L e|i6frf/ u/]sf] Joxf]/fsf] ph'/L clVtof/df uPsf] 5 .

!) nfv lxgfldgf ug]{sf] xsbf/sf] ;DklQ klg /f]Ssf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

x]6f}+8f . ;DklQ lxgfldgf u/]sf] cf/f]kdf kbdkf]v/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf cWoIf lvnk|;fb l/dfn / sf]iffWoIf ;'/]Gb| 9'+ufgfnfO{ ;ldltn] lgnDag ug'{sf ;fy} lxgfldgf ul/Psf] /sd c;'n ug{sf nflu b'j}sf cfkmGt xsbf/ ;d]tsf] ;DklQ /f]Ssf ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

o;cl3 ;f] ;ldltsf ^ ;o &% j6f wf/fx¿af6 p7\g] dfl;s /sd lgoldt ?kdf a}+sdf hDdf x'g'kg]{df ut @)%* df3b]lv lgh cWoIf l/dfn / sf]iffWoIf 9'+ufgfn] sl/a !) nfv ?k}of“ lxgfldgf u/]sf] s'/f pkef]Qmfx¿n] k|sfzdf NofPsf lyP . ;ldltsf] gfddf /x]sf] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s x]6f}+8fsf] vftf g+= (()* df sl/a !% nfv ?k}of“ x'g'kg]{df % nfv ?k}of“ dfq b]lvPkl5 pkef]Qmfx¿n] e|i6frf/ eof] egL 5fglagsf] dfu u/]sf lyP . o;/L lxgfldgf ePsf] tyf o; ljifodf 5fglag k|lqmofnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg ;d"xsf] u7g ePkl5 cWoIf l/dfn, sf]iffWoIf 9'+ufgf / n]vfkfn k|]d nfdf km/f/ ePsf lyP .

xfn ;ldltsf pkfWoIf v]xGb|lglw pk|]tLsf] cWoIftfdf a;]sf] a}7sn] xfn 3/af6 km/f/ /x]sf ;ldltsf cWoIf l/dfn, sf]iffWoIf 9'+ufgfn] lxgfldgf ul/Psf] /sd lx;fa a'emfpg gcfPsf] sf/0f pNn]v ub}{ lgnDag ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] s'/f ;ldltsf ;b:o rGb|axfb'/ d'Qmfgn] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfP . …tLghgfsf] ldn]dtf]df sl/a !) nfv a/fa/sf] lxgfldgf ePsf] 5Ú, ;b:o d'Qmfg atfp“5g\ . ;f] /sd c;'Ng ;ldltn] cWoIf l/hfn / sf]iffWoIf 9'+ufgfsf] ;DklQaf6 c;'n ug{ cfjZos k|lqmof cufl8 a9fOPsf] / lghsf cfkmGt xsbf/sf] ;DklQ ;d]t /f]Ssf ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] s'/f ;b:o d'Qmfgn] atfP .

csf{ sd{rf/L nfdfnfO{ eg] & lbgleq sfof{nodf pkl:yt x'g kqfrf/ ul/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

tLg jg clws[t;lxt c7f/ t:s/lj?4 d'2f
P3f/ kqmfp, ;ft cem} a]kQf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

g]kfnu~h . cj}w jg t:s/Lsf] cleof]u nfu]sf af“s]sf tLghgf jg clws[tx¿nfO{ cleof]uaf6 hf]ufpg ljleGg k|of; ul/P klg t:s/Lsf] cleof]u k'li6 x'"b} uPkl5 cGttM pgLx¿sf lj?4 cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ul/Psf] 5 . tLg clws[t ;d]t cGo % jg/Ifs tyf !) hgf t:s/Ldf ;+nUg JolQmsf lj?4 klg lhNnf jg sfof{non] af“s] lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ u/]sf] 5 .

lgldQ ;xfos jg clws[t Zofddl0fk|;fb d08n, /]Gh/x¿ hLjg ofbj / eLdk|;fb kf}8]ndfly emG8} tLg dlxgf klxn] g} t:s/Lsf] cleof]u nufOP klg tLg dlxgfkl5 dfq cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ePsf] xf] . To;}u/L jg /Ifsx¿ af“s]df sfo{/t af;'b]j cfrfo{, dgaxfb'/ vqL, ltns/fd s'Dxf/, lhNnf jg sfof{no sf:sLdf sfo{/t gu]Gb|axfb'/ s];L / nLnaxfb'/ If]qL tyf sfGsf 7]s]bf/ cnsfb]jL hnfg, /fk|kf g]tf k|]daxfb'/ e08f/Lsf 5f]/f ;'/]Gb| e08f/L, k|sfz s];L, 6Lsfaxfb'/ sfsL{, n]v/fh 8f“uL, cd/axfb'/ 8f“uL, sNof0f a/fn, eLidgfy s'"j/, t]haxfb'/ s'"j/ / ;flns/fd s];Lsf lj?4 klg d'2f bfo/ ePsf] lhNnf jg clws[t lbjfs/ kf7sn] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfP .

pgLx¿dWo] ;xfos jg clws[t d08n, /]Gh/ ofbj, 7]s]bf/ hnfg, e08f/L, k|sfz s];L, 6Lsfaxfb'/ sfsL{ tyf n]v/fh 8f“uL xfn;Dd km/f/ 5g\ .

a}hfk'/ Onfsf jg sfof{no cGtu{t kg]{ wfdk'/ /]Ghkf]i6 If]qsf] sf7 cj}w ?kdf t:s/L u/]sf] cleof]u pgLx¿dfly nufOPsf] 5 . ;f] h+unsf] 9nfk8f tyf ;'s]sf] sf7 ;+sng ug]{ 7]Ssf lnPsf 7]s]bf/ hnfgn] 7]SsfeGbf a9L sf7 cj}w tj/n] t:s/L u/]sf] km]nf k/]kl5 pgLx¿dfly sf/afxL k|lqmof cufl8 a9fOPsf] xf] . 7]Ssfsf] sf7 tLgj6f 6«sdf kf]v/ftkm{ n}hf“b} ubf{ aLr af6f]df ;]gfn] kqmfp u/]kl5 cj}w tj/n] sf7 t:s/L eO/x]sf] km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . ;f] qmddf 7]SsfeGbf $ ;o &^ bzdna (( So'las lkm6 a9L sf7 cj}w t:s/L eO/x]sf] km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . jg sfof{non] pgLx¿dfly hgxL (% xhf/ # ;o (* ?k}of“ tyf Go"gtd Ps jif{ s}bsf] ;hfo x'g'kg]{ dfu u/]sf] 5 .

ljBfyL{ / sd{rf/Lsf] b'O{ nfv /sd r6

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

hgsk'/wfd . d]l8sn sn]hsf] OG6«fG;df Uof/]G6Lsf ;fy gfd lgsfNg] bfaLsf ;fy ;'? ul/Psf] k6gf la|n]G6 d]l8sn OlGhlgol/ª sf]lrª ;]G6/sf ;~rfns z}n]Gb| ld>n] ;]G6/df hflu/ ug]{ / k|j]z k/LIff tof/Ldf nfu]sf ljBfyL{x¿sf] ;d]t ;jf b'O{ nfv /sd lnO{ km/f/ ePsf 5g\ . o'lge;{n db/ 6]/];f d]l8sn sG;N6]G;Lsf] a; :6\of08df zfvf sfof{nosf] ?kdf sfd ul//x]sf z}n]Gb| ld>n] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ 7Ug ;f]xL ;+:yfnfO{ gfd kl/jt{g u/L k6gf la|n]G6 sf]lrª ;]G6/ gfdfs/0f ug{ k'u]sf x'g\ . cfkm"af6 /f]huf/L lbg] gfddf gub b; xhf/ lnPsf] 5fq /f]zgs'df/ l;+x atfp“5g\ . pgL eG5g\, …dh:t} !^ hgf o'jfnfO{ 7luPsf] 5 .Ú o'lge;{n db/ 6]/];fsf] gfp“df ljleGg zfvfx¿ ;~rfng eO/x]sf]df …sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZostfÚ egL :yfgLo Ps b}lgs cvaf/dfkm{t\ ;"rgf hf/L ul/Psf] lyof] . To; cg'?k !^ hgf ljBfyL{nfO{ 5gf}6 gub}{ k|ltJolQm !) xhf/ w/f}6L:j?k dfu u/L ! nfv ^) xhf/ /sd s'DNofPsf 5g\ . cfiff9 !! ut] hf/L ul/Psf] kbk"lt{sf] ;"rgfsf] k/LIff cfiff9 @& df / k/LIffkmn k|sfzg >fj0f * ut] ul/Psf] lyof] . k|f]h]S6 ;dfKt ePkl5 k]ZsLjfkt lnPsf] /sd kl5 lkmtf{ ug]{ atfOPsf] lyof] . To:t} k6gf la|lnoG6sf] gfp“af6 b;hgf ljBfyL{af6 ^–^ xhf/sf] b/n] u/L s"n ^) xhf/ s'DNofPsf 5g\ .

lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no wg'iffdf lhj]Gb| s0f{n] r9fPsf] hfx]/Lkq cg';f/ efb| @* ut] d'2f ul/Psf] 5 . ;xf]/af a:g] dx]z ld>sf 5f]/f z}n]Gb| ld> xfn km/f/ 5g\ eg] lhk|sfn] PsfpG6]G6 rGb]Zj/ d08n kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . pgn] k|x/L;dIf u/]sf] aofg cg';f/ ;+slnt /sd lk|lG;kn z}n]Gb| PSn}n] /fVg] u/]sf lyP .

klxnf] kfgf | ;Dkfblso | dgf]/~hg | ljrf/÷laZn]if0f | cg'ej÷cGtjftf{ | v]ns'b