sf7df08f}+, a}zfv )& @)^)

klxnf] kfgf

ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng 5QL; ;fn h:t} pu| x'g] 5f“6
q:t ;/sf/åf/f df}lns xsdf aGb]h, cfh klxnf] g]kfn aGb

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . o; k6ssf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngn] @)#^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ la;f{pg] 5f"6sf"6 b]lvPsf] 5 . ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng o;k6s olt b|'t ultdf, olt Jofks tl/sfn] cf/De ef], h;sf] sNkgf jf cg'dfg cfof]hsx¿nfO{ klg lyPg .

ljBfyL{x¿sf] cfGbf]ngsf] /fkn] ;/sf/ lgs} ql;t b]lvG5 . zlgaf/ ;f"em clw/fHoe/ d;fn h'n'; lgsfNg] ljBfyL{sf] sfo{qmdnfO{ layf]Ng sf7df8f}", eQmk'/ / nlntk'/ lhNNffsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] To:tf] h'n'; lgsfNg / cfd;ef ug{ aGb]h nufOPsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt u/] . t/, ;fx;sf wgL lgBfyL{x¿n] cf–cfkm\gf] If]qdf d;fn h'n'; lgsfn] . k|lhcsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf / ;'/IffsdL{sf] afSnf] pkl:yltsf sf/0f ljBfyL{x¿sf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t sfo{qmd ;+ul7t / Jojl:yt ¿kdf x'g ;s]g . pRr ;"qx¿n] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ lhNnf–lhNnfdf klg k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] To:tf] ;"rgf hf/L u/L d;fn h'n';, cfd;ef b'j} /f]s]sf 5g\ . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& n] lbPsf] ljgf xftxltof/ zflGtk"j{s e]nf x'g] clwsf/ lbPsf] 5, t/ skm{o"ljgf jf ;+s6sfnljgf klg o;/L cfd;efnfO{ ;d]t k|ltalGwt ul/Psf] 36gf lj/n} 5 .

x'g t ljBfyL{x¿sf ;fd' jt{dfg ;/sf/ k6s–k6s lrKn]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] 5fgljg ;ldlt agfP/, d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ kf"r nfv ¿k}of"sf] Ifltk"lt{ /sd lbnfP klg ljBfyL{sf] dg dfg]sf] 5}g . ;/sf/n] of] cfGbf]ngnfO{ t'xfpg] k|of; ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . pkk|wfgdGqL ab|Lk|;fb d08nn] t slnnf lszf]/nfO{ prfn]/ cl:y/tf a9fpg vf]h]sf] cf/f]k ;d]t nufpg'ePsf] lyof] . dx"uLsf] lj/f]waf6 ;'¿ ePsf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng SofDk;sf] lgjf{rg / k|ltudglj¿4 s]lGb|t x'g] ePsf] 5 . clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf sf/0f o;k6s klg r'gfj ;Dej ePg . clvn qmflGtsf/Ln] ;+s6sfn / To; cufl8–k5fl8 ;'/IffsdL{åf/f kqmfp k/L lx/f;tdf /flvPsf jf j]kQf kfl/Psf ljBfyL{x¿sf] l:ylt ;/sf/n] ;fj{hlgs gu/]sf sf/0f r'gfj /f]Sg' k/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . t/, o;sf] lglxtfy{ eg] csf]{ 5 . ut df3 !% ut] dfq} PskIfLo o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 ;fj{hlgs ePsf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf–sfo{stf{ egf{ x'g] ;dodf h+un k;]sf x'gfn] SofDk; egf{ x'g kfPsf lyPgg\ . oyfj:yfdf r'gfj x'"bf pgLx¿n] Ps ;L6 klg glhTg] cj;/ cfof] . To;}n] nfh arfpgsf nflu r'gfj alxisf/ ug]{ gLlt lnP dfcf]jfbLn] . cGoyf pgLx¿n] r'gfjdf efu lng' kb{Yof] . cfkm\gf] OR5f k"/f ug{ dfcf]jfbL ljBfyL{sf] df]afOn 6Ld SofDk;–SofDk; uP/ k|d'vsf] sfo{sIf tf]8kmf]8 ug]{, k|d'v a:g] s';L{, lgjf{rg ;fdfu|Lx¿ hnfpg], gi6 ug]{ sfo{ u/]sf lyP .

dfcf]jfbLsf] of] sfo{n] :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] lgjf{rg rfxg] cGo zlQmnfO{ lr9\ofPsf] 5 . To;}n] pgLx¿n] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] ePsf 5g\ . x'g t of] cfGbf]ngnfO{ ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf] gfd lbOP klg o;df kf6L{x¿sf] cfkm\gf] :jfy{ klg n's]sf] 5 . h;/L @)#^ ;fnsf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngn] ax'bnLo Joj:yf k'gM:yfkgfsf nflu hgdt ;+u|x lgDTofof], ToxL l:ylt clxn] cfpg] cj:yf 5 . lxhf] :yfgLo k|zf;gn] d;fn h'n'; lgsfNg k|ltaGw nufPsf] ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs u/] klg sf7df8f}", kf]v/f, nlntk'/, df]/ª, ;'g;/L lhNnfsf s}of}+ 7fp"x¿df d;fn h'n'; lgl:sof] . oBlk 7fp"–7fp"df k|x/L / k|bz{gsf/LaLr bf]xf]/f] em8k klg ePsf] 5 .

cfGbf]ng dTy/ kfg{ ljBfyL{x¿sf] dfutkm{ slQ klg Wofg glbO{ ;/sf/n] bdgsf/L gLlt clVtof/ u/]sf] g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf cWoIf u'¿/fh l3ld/]sf] cf/f]k 5 . To;}u/L ljBfyL{ g]tf Pj+ g]lj;+3sf dxfdGqL uug yfkfn] /fhfn] zfxL ;Daf]wgdfkm{t\ lnPsf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ lkmtf{ gu/] cfGbf]ng ;zQm Pj+ tLj|tfsf ;fy cufl8 a9\g] bfjL ug'{eof] .

Pdfn] ;dy{s ljBfyL{ ;+u7g cg]/f:jljo'sf dxf;lrj lvdnfn e§/fO{n] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf] qmddf k|x/L k|zf;gn] u/]sf] bdg cToGt} lgGbgLo eGb} cfGbf]ng ca k"0f{ ¿kdf k|ltudgtk{m s]lGb|t /xg] atfpg'eof] eg] g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] e|ft[ ;+u7g clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf cWoIf b]j]Gb| k/fh'nLn] qmflGtsf/L klg ;+o'Qm ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng;"u ;xsfo{ ub{} cufl8 a9\g] hgfp lbg'ePsf] 5 . cf7 ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] cfGbf]ng ub}{ ubf{ :jljo' lgjf{rg;DaGwL ljifodf dt leGgtf x'"bf qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngaf6 PlSng k'u]sf] lyof] .

g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf] ## cf}+ :yfkgf lbj;sf] pknIodf z'qmaf/ /fli6«o ;efu[xdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf k|j]z u/L k|x/Ln] cGwfw'Gw nf7L k|xf/ ub}{ bh{gf}+ ljBfyL{ lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] 5 . nf7L k|xf/af6 g]lj;+3sf cWoIf u'¿/fh l3ld/], dxfdGqL uug yfkf, pkfWoIf ab|L kf08], k"j{ cWoIf ljZjk|sfz zdf{ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . To;}u/L ;+3sf pkfWoIf k|bLk kf}8]n, kb\dsGof SofDk;sf] :jljo' ;efklt pld{nf klGhof/, ;lrj ljlgtf clwsf/Lnufot tLg bh{g ljBfyL{x¿ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . kqmfp k/]sf ljBfyL{x¿ l;+xb/af/l:yt j8f k|x/L sfof{nodf ( hgf, afg]Zj/df !) hgf, hg;]jf Go"/f]8df $ hgf, xg'dfg 9f]sfdf !! hgf, b/af/dfu{df Ps hgf / sfnLdf6Ldf * hgf /x]sf 5g\ eg] pkTosf aflx/ kqmfp k/]sf ljBfyL{x¿sf] l:ylt cem} c1ft /x]sf] 5 . ut ljxLaf/ dLgejgaf6 kqmfp ul/Psf dLgejg SofDk; g]lj;+3sf OsfO{ ;efklt o'j/fh l;+xnufot # hgf ljBfyL{lj¿4 ;fj{hlgs ck/fwcGtu{t d'2f rnfpg] tof/L ul//x]sf] 5 . ljBfyL{x¿sf tkm{af6 cfh cfof]hgf ul/Psf] g]kfn aGbn] hghLjg To;} c:tJo:t agfpg] 5 eg] o;kl5 to ul/Psf nuftf/ b'O{ lbgsf] aGbn] b]zdf ;/sf/ g/x]sf] cg'e"lt lbg]5 . cufdL !% / !^ ut] klg g]kfn aGbsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 .

/fhfn] rfx] cfGbf]ng /f]lsG5

ljBfyL{x¿sf] dfWodaf6 d'vl/t eP klg clxn]sf] cfGbf]ngsf] d'Vo sf/s rflx+ c;f]h !* sf] k|ltudg / kf6L{x¿lj¿4 /fHoaf6 b]vfOPsf] pk]Iffefj xf] eGg] s'/f 5n{Ë 5 . ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x¿ /fhfn] kxn u/]df xfnsf] ;8s / z}lIfs cfGbf]ng t'¿Gt} aGb x'g] atfp"5g\ .

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf Ps k|efjzfnL s]Gb|Lo ;b:osf cg';f/ jftf{ k|lqmofdf ;+;bLo bnx¿nfO{ cnUu} 6f]nL agfP/ cfpg cfu|x ug]{ xf] eg] klg ;8s cfGbf]ng dTy/ x'g;S5 . ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x¿ Pp6f 6f]nLsf ¿kdf k|:t't x'g kfP eg] ltgn] @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ng / @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] /Iff ug]{5g\ . cfkm\gf] kf6L{, dtbftf, z'e]R5'sx¿sf] ;/f]sf/sf ljifo jftf{ 6]a'ndf k'¥ofpg] 5g\ . b'O{ aGb's]x¿nfO{ ldn]/ @)$^ ;fnsf] pknlAw vfg lbg] 5}gg\ . a¿ hgtfsf kIfdf yk pknlAw Nofpg] bfaL ug{ ;S5g\ . ;+;bLo kf6L{x¿ pkl:yt x'"bf, dfcf]jfbLn] ltgsf] ;fy lbg s/ nfU5 . 6]a'nsf] k|of;af6 @)$^ / @)$& sf pknlAwx¿ ;+/lIft ug{ ;lsg] ePsf]n] ;8s cfGbf]ngsf] h¿/tkg]{ 5}g . t'¿Gt} :ylut x'g]5 .

/fhfsf nflu klg of] cj:yf ;jf]{Qd dflgPsf] 5 . cfGbf]ng el8\sP/ rls{g uof] eg] ef]ln sf] sxf" k'U5 < eGg ;lsGg . To;n] /fhtGqsf] lg/Gt/tfd} k|Zg NofOlbg ;S5 . o;}n] cem} klg a'l4dfgL t /fhfåf/f ;fj{hlgs cfx\jfg u/L bnx¿nfO{ cnUu} 6f]nLsf ¿kdf zflGtjftf{df ;xefuL x'g cfu|x ug'{df 5 . ePg eg] kf6L{x¿n] cl:tTjsf nflu klg cfGbf]ng rsf{p"5g\ . h;sf] :j¿k, clx+;fTds zflGtk"j{ eg] klg TolQs} ;Lldt /xg] b]lvb}+g .

/fhf bf]Aa/ c;IfdM b]pjf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . cfkm}+n] l;kmfl/; u/L lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ldltdf r'gfj u/fpg g;s]sf] cleof]udf …c;IfdÚ sf] ljz]if0f ;lxt /fhfaf6 avf{:t ul/g'ePsf k"j{ k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] /fhfsf] ;/sf/n] ljBfyL{x¿sf] r'gfj b'O{k6s;Dd ug{ g;s]sf]n] cfkm"eGbf /fhf bf]Aa/ c;Ifd ePsf] cf/f]k nufpg'ePsf] 5 .

/fhfn] cfkm\gf] :jfy{sf nflu r'gfj ;fg{ x'g] t/ d}n] lsg ;fg{ gx'g] < eGb} b]pjfn] /fhftkm{ O+lut ub}{ k|ltk|Zg ug'{eof] . d t Psk6s c;Ifd ePsf] lyP", t/ /fhf b'O{k6s c;Ifd ePsf 5g\ . Tof] a]nf r'gfj gu/fpgsf nflu ;a} kf6L{x¿sf] bjfj lyof] . clxn] ;a} r'gfjdf hfg rfx]sf] cj:yf 5 . t/ klg lsg r'gfj x'g ;s]g < s;sf] kmfObfsf nflu r'gfj ePg < ;dodf r'gfj x'g'k5{, ljBfyL{sf] cfGbf]ngdf xfd|f] kf6L{sf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dy{g /xG5 .

:d/0f /xf];\, b]pjfn] h]7 * ut] k|ltlglw;ef lj36g u/L r'gfjsf] ldlt sflt{s @& ut] tf]Sg /fhfdf l;kml/; u/] cg';f/ r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff eof] . t/, c;f]h !# ut] afn'jf6f/df a;]sf ;+;b\jfbL bnx¿sf] ;j{bnLo a}7sn] clxn]sf] cj:yfdf r'gfj u/fpg g;lsg] ePsf]n] cGo ljsNk ckgfpg] Dof08]6 b]pjfnfO{ lbof] . pxf"n] @)^) d+;L/ # ut] r'gfj x'g]u/L ;fg{ /fhfdf l;kmfl/; ug'{eof] . c;f]h !* ut] /fhfaf6 b]pjfnfO{ c;Ifdsf] kbjL;lxt kbRo't u/L sfo{sf/L clwsf/ g} cfkm"n] lnOaS:of] .

g]lj;+3sf k"j{ cWoIf PgkL ;fpbn] kf6L{ ;xdxfdGqL ljho uR5]bf/n] ;/sf/L ;~rf/ dfWoddfkm{t\ ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng bafpg'kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm u/]sf]df cfqmf]z kf]Vg'ePsf] lyof] . pxf"n] kf6L{sf] l;4fGt, p2]Zo / nfOg s] xf] k|i6 kfg{ r'gf}tL lbb}+ k|hftGqlj/f]wL sfo{df ;+nUg ePsf ;a}nfO{ kf6L{af6 x6fpg'kg]{ dfu /fVg'ePsf] lyof] .

ljdn]Gb| lglw, k|sfzgdfg l;+x, afns[i0f vf"0f, xf]dgfy bfxfnnufotsf jQmfx¿n] ;d]t zfxL sbd / dfcf]jfbL ;f"7uf"7 lj¿4df s8f k|ltjfb ub}{ ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng ttfpg'kg]{ atfP . ptf tflGqssf ;efklt lszf]/l;+x /f7f}/n] ;d]t /fhfnfO{ r'gf}tL lbPsf lyP . pQm s'/f lxhf] /fhwfgLdf k|hftflGqs sf+u|]; kIfw/ g]lj;+3n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] ljrf/ uf]i7Ldf ePsf] xf] .

cf]nLnfO{ bf];|f] :yfg, Pdfn] lau|x tTsfnnfO{ 6g]{ ;+s]t

sf7df8f}+ . kf6L{sf afpGg sfo{stf{n] g]t[Tjsf] kf6L{ ;+rfng z}nL;"u c;xdlt /fvL cf/De ePsf] zlQm ;+3if{ ca s]xL ;dosf nflu ;fDo x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .

xfn} a;]sf] kf]ln6Ao'/f] a}7sdf pQm Ph]08f k|:t't ubf{ b'OkIfLo cf/f]k–k|Tof/f]k ePkl5 of] ljjfb s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;dIf nluof] . ef]ln / kl;{ klg s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf] a}7sdf eg] of] ljifosf] ;xh lsgf/f nfUg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

kf6L{ ;+3if{df hfg] a]nfdf kf6L{leq lau|x ug{ x'"b}g . kf6L{ sdhf]/ x'G5 . zL3| r'gfj ePdf jf ePsf] eP ax'dt Nofpg] bfaL u/]sf Pdfn]sf lhDd]jf/ g]tfx¿n] b/af/n] kf6L{df v]Ng vf]h]sf] k|;+u p7fPkl5 g]tfx¿ ;fDo ePsf lyP . ;"qx¿n] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ dxf;lrj g]kfnn] v8\u cf]nLnfO{ kf6L{sf] g+= @ sf] :yfg lbg] afrf ug{'ePsf] 5 . Tof] cfZjf;g kfPkl5 pxf" r'k nfUg'ePsf] 5 .

Pdfn]n] /fwfs[i0f d}gfnLnfO{ uP hfpmg\ eGg] efjgf /fv]sf] 5 . t/, kf6L{leq Ps ;d"xåf/f ToxL b[li6sf]0fn] x]g]{ ul/Psf jfdb]j uf}td o; k6s ghfg] x'g'ePsf] 5 . pxf"nfO{ g]tf s]kL cf]nLn] dgfpg' ePsf] xf] .

Pdfn] ;"qn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ dxf;lrj g]kfnn] s]xL c~rn sld6Ldf ;fdfGo x]/km]/ u/L clxn]sf] ;+s6 ;'Nemfpg' ePsf] 5 .

ef/tdf 6«s x8\tfn g]kfndf c;/

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

e}/xjf . ef/tLo 6«sx¿sf] x8\tfnsf sf/0f /]Nj] :6]zgaf6 6f9f /x]sf g]kfnL ;x/x¿df kmnkm"n, t/sf/Lnufotsf b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t'sf cltl/Qm lgdf{0f / cf}Bf]lus ;fdfu|Lsf] cefj / dxËL a9]sf] 5 . ^ lbg;Dd ef/tLo 6«sx¿n] dfn;fdfg 9'jfgL ug{ aGb u/]kl5 klZrdf~rn If]qsf] e}/xjf, a'6jn, tf}lnxjf, k/f;L, tfg;]g, tD3f;, c3f{vf"rL, :ofª\hfnufotsf bh{gf}+ :yfgdf t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"nsf] cefj b]lvPsf] 5 eg] Jofkf/Lx¿åf/f s[lqd dxËL ;[hgf ul/Psf] 5 .

a'6jndf k|ltlsnf] @) ¿k}of"eGbf a9L dxËf] d"Nodf cfn' laqmL e}/x]sf] 5 . ! ;o ¿k}of" eGbf a9L d"Nodf k|lt s]hL c+u'/ laqmL ePsf] 5 .

e}/xjf eG;f/ sfof{nosf cg';f/ ef/tLo 6«s cfGbf]ng ;'¿ x'g'k"j{ ;/b/ % ;oj6f 6«s ;'gf}nL gfsfaf6 g]kfn k|j]z ug]{ u/]sf]df kl5Nnf lbgx¿df ;f] ;+Vof 36]/ ;/b/ 8]9;odf em/]sf] 5 .

ef/tfaf6 g]kfndf ;'gf}nL gfsf x'"b} cfoft ul/g] t/sf/L kmnkm"n / l;d]06nufotsf j:t'x¿sf] sdL ePsf] atfp"b} e}/xjf eG;f/ sfof{nosf clws[t of]u]Gb| cf]emfn] g]kfnL /fhZjdf klg c;/ k/]sf] atfpg'eof] . cfGbf]ng u/]kl5 of] l:ylt l;h{gf x'g uPsf] xf] . g]kfn k|j]z ug]{ 6«s rfnsx¿sf] egfO p4[t ub}{ clws[t cf]emfn] ef/tsf] gf}tgxjf / ;'gf}nL If]qdf uf]bfd ul/Psf] ;fdfg dfq} ;'gf}nL x'"b} g]kfn cfoft ul/Psf] 5 . cGoyf ;'gf}nL gfsfaf6 ef/tLo ;fdfg cfoft z"Go e};SYof] eGg'eof] . t/, ;'gf}nL gf}tgxjf;Dd lgof{t ul/g] g]kfnL lu§L tyf 5/f{x¿sf] lgof{t oyfjt\ /x]sf] 5 . ef/tLo 6«s cfGbf]ng / cfhsf] g]kfn aGbsf] df}sf 5f]k]/ pkef]Uo ;fdfgsf] efp clgoldt ¿kdf a9] klg xfn;Dd cg'dug / sf/afxL k|lqmof cl3 a9fOPsf] 5}g .

/fhfn] g} u0ftGq /f]h] eg] d]/f] eGg' s]xL 5}g

lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf, ;efklt, g]sf

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] xfn cf/De ePsf] cfGbf]ngn] g]kfndf jf:tljs k|hftGq Nofpg], b]z xf"Sg ;Sg] ;Ifd g]t[Tj hGdfpg] / ljut !@ jif{df kbsf] b'¿kof]u u/L wgfh{g ug]{ JolQmx¿nfO{ lsgf/f nufpg] s'/f atfpg'ePsf] 5 .

*! jif{sf] pd]/df ;d]t ysfO eGg] zAb g} la;]{/ kxf8, t/fO{sf lhNnf bf}8fxfdf lg:sg'ePsf sf]O/fnfn] c;f]h !* kl5 dfq} em08} ^) lhNnfsf] e|d0f ug{'ePsf] 5 . /fhf / dfcf]jfbL b'j}y/Lsf sfd–sf/afxLsf] ;dLIff ub}{ / k|Zg p7fp"b} lx"8\g'ePsf sf]O/fnfsf cleJolQmx¿ emg\ v/f] x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . pxf" cfkm" ;lqmo /x"b} k|hftGq ;jnLs/0f ePsf], hgtf clwsf/ ;DkGg ePsf] / b]zdf hgtfsf] jf:tljs zf;g :yflkt ePsf] x]g{ cft'/ ePsf] atfpg' x'G5 . j}zfv !@ ut]b]lv dWo / ;'b"/ klZrdsf kxf8L lhNnfx¿sf] e|d0f ug]{ tof/Ldf /xg'ePsf sf]O/fnf lxhf] cfkm\gf] u[xgu/df k'Ubf kqsf/x¿n] k|Zg ;f]w]–

) clxn] of] cfGbf]ng lsg yflnof] <

k|ltudgsf] lj/f]wsf nflu xf] . b]zdf ;f"rf] cy{df hgtfsf] zf;g :yflkt ug{ @)$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt hgtfsf] clwsf/ !* c;f]hdf /fhfn] zfxL 3f]if0ffdfkm{t\ vf];] . /fhfn] vf];]sf] Tof] clwsf/ hgtfd} lkmtf{ u/fpgsf nflu of] cfGbf]ng yflnPsf] xf] .

) cfGbf]ng j}zfv @! af6 ;'¿ x'g] xf] <

cfGbf]ng ;'¿ e};Sof] . @! ut] t ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL $ /fhgLlts kf6L{n] cfGbf]ngnfO{ cem ;zQm, Jofks agfpg ug]{ ljzfn cfd;ef xf] . Tof] cfd;efdf cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmdx¿sf 3f]if0ff ul/g] 5g\ . hgtfnfO{ zflGtk"0f{ ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngdf Jofks ;xefuL x'g clkn ul/g] 5 .

) ;'¿ e};s]sf] eGgfn] <

ljBfyL{x¿n] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Noj[l4 / k|ltudglj¿4sf] ;zQm cfGbf]ng ;'¿ ul/;s]sf 5g\ . To;df kf6L{x¿sf] k"0f{ ;dy{g 5 . Pshgf ljBfyL{ b]jLnfn kf}8]nn] ;fxbt k|fKt ul/;s]sf 5g\ . pgnfO{ xfdLx¿n] k|ltudg lj¿4sf] cfGbf]ngsf] klxnf] ;lxb 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5f}+ . @! ut]b]lv kf6L{x¿ ljlwjt\ ¿kdf ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngdf hfg]5g\ .

) ljBfyL{sf] of] cfGbf]ngdf tf]8kmf]8 klg ePsf] 5 t <

k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df ePsf] d"Noj[l4sf] lj/f]w, k|ltudgsf] lj/f]w / :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] r'gfj x'g'kg]{ dfu /fv]/ zflGtk"0f{ lj/f]w cleofg ;'¿ u/]sf ljBfyL{dfly uf]nL k|xf/ ug]{, nf7L, 9'+ufd'9f ug]{ sfd ;/sf/n] u/]sf] 5 . ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ pS;fpg] sfo{ /fhfsf] ;/sf/n] u/]sf] xf] .

) cfGbf]ngdf hgtfn] ;fy b]nfg\ t <

cjZo lbG5g\ . hgtfsf] Jofkfs ;xeflutf x'G5 . /fi6« / k|hftGqnfO{ eL/af6 v:gaf6 hf]ufpg] sfo{df hgtfsf] 7"nf] ;xeflutf x'G5 . o; sfo{df cfd g]kfnL hgtfn] OdfGbf/Lk"j{s ;3fpg] 5g\ .

) /fi6« / k|hftGqsf] dfq} s'/f] ug'{eof], ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] af/]df t s]xL eGg'ePg lg <

cl:y/tf, cJoj:yf, e|i6frf/, c/fhstfsf] h/f /fh;+:yf xf] . @))& ;fnb]lv cfh;Ddsf] cj:yf x]bf{ oxL b]lvG5 . /fhfn] of] d'n'sdf k|hftGqnfO{ slxNo} l:y/ x'g lbPgg\ . @))& ;fndf hgtfsf] alnbfgLaf6 k|fKt k|hftGq, @)!& ;fndf /fhfn] g} vf];] . @)$^ ;fndf P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt k|hftGqnfO{ clxn] /fhf l;Wofpg] bfpdf 5g\ . hgtfn] k|fKt u/]sf] clwsf/ b]lvg;xg] /fhfsf] af/]df jsfnt ug'{sf] cy{ 5}g .

) of] cfGbf]ngn] /fhf km\of"S5 ls Sof xf] <

of] k|Zg dnfO{ ug{] x}g . /fhfnfO{ ;f]Wg';\ . /fhf km\of"lsg]÷gkm\of"lsg] eGg] lg0f{o /fhfn] g} ug{]5g\ . clxn] b]zdf /fhfjfbL, ;+;b\jfbL / u0ftGqjfbLaLr åGå rn]sf] 5 . of] åGåsf] a]nf /fhfn] ;+;b\jfbL zlQmnfO{ ;fy lbPgg\, k|hftGqk|lt k|lta4tf hgfPgg\, hgtfsf] clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg u/]gg\, cfkm" k"0f{ ¿kdf ;+j}wflgs eP/ a;]gg\, hgtfsf] clwsf/ / k|hftGqdfly cfqmd0f ug]{ ;+sNk u/] eg] /fh;+:yfsf] ;dflKt cjZo+efjL 5 . u0ftGq jf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqdWo] s] /f]Hg] xf] /fhfn] g} /f]Hg'k¥of] . /fhfn] u0ftGq /f]h] eg] d]/f] eGg' s]xL 5}g .

) /fh;+:yfk|ltsf] sf+u|];sf] b[li6sf]0fdf kl/jt{g x'g ;S5 <

!* c;f]hsf] /fhfsf] k|ltufdL sbdkl5 sl/a sl/a g]kfn clw/fHoel/ 3'd]sf] 5' . ;fyLx¿nfO{ e]6]sf] 5' . dnfO{ d]rLb]lv dxfsfnL;Ddsf kf6L{, sfo{stf{ tyf hgtfn] sf+u|];, k|hftGq / hgtfsf] clwsf/nfO{ ;w}" wf]sf lbg] /fhfnfO{ slt lbg sf"wdf /fv]/ lx"8\g' x'G5 lul/hfafa' eg]/ eGg] u/]sf 5g\ .

) ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLaLr o'4lj/fdsf] ;xdlt eP/ jftf{ k|lqmof k|f/De x'g] r/0fdf cfGbf]ng ;'¿ u/]/ zflGt jftf{ layf]Ng vf]h]sf] cf/f]k 5 lg <

k|ltudgsf] lj/f]w ubf{ hgtfn] @)$^ ;fndf k|fKt u/]sf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'/lIft ub}{ hgtfnfO{ yk clwsf/ ;DkGg u/fpg'k5{ eGbf, b]zdf ;f"rf] cy{df hgtfsf] zf;g Joj:yf :yflkt ug'{k5{ eGbf, k|hftGqnfO{ dha'b agfp"b} b]z / hgtfnfO{ k|ultsf] kytkm{ cu|;/ u/fpg'k5{ eGbf s] of] jftf{ lj/f]wL ultljlw x'G5 < olb /fhf / dfcf]jfbL b'j}n] b]z, hgtf / k|hftGqsf] kIfdf xfdLn] ;'¿ u/]sf] of] cfGbf]ngnfO{ jftf{ lj/f]wL cleofg eG5g\ eg] b'j} aGb's]x¿sf nflu pgLx¿sf] of] lgisif{ b'ef{Uok"0f{ x'G5 . zflGtjftf{sf gfddf hgclwsf/ / k|hftGq jnL r9\g ;Sb}g eGg] s'/fx¿ aGb's]x¿n] a'em\g' h¿/L 5 .

) dfcf]jfbLx¿ t cu|udgs} s'/f ul//x]sf 5g\ t <

;+j}wflgs z"Gotfdf cu|udgsf] s'/f ug{ ;lsb}+g . hgtfn] k|fKt u/]sf k|hftflGqs pknlAwnfO{ ;+:yfut gu/L s;/L cu|ufdL pknlAw k|fKt ug{ / To;nfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ ;lsG5 < @)$^ ;fnsf] pknlAweGbf c¿ yk pknlAw xfl;n ug]{ lrGtg dfcf]jfbLn] af]s]sf] xf] eg] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& nfO{ ;+:yfut ub}{ cl3 a9\g] k|lta4tf pgLx¿af6 cfpg'k5{ .

) gof" jftf{k|lt s'g} sd]06 <

of] ahf/df ;f]s];df ;hfP/ a]Rg /flvg] j:t' h:tf] xf] . o;n] s]xL ub}{g . jftf{ ug]{ c;nL jftf{sf/ t k5fl8 g} 5 .

) jftf{ ;kmn xf]nf <

d'n'sn] zflGt rfx]sf] 5 . To;}n] zflGt jftf{ ;kmn x'g}k5{ . k|f/De ePsf] zflGtjftf{ k|lqmofaf6 ca !* c;f]hb]lv hgtfsf] ;a} zlQm vf];]/ a;]sf] /fhf / dfcf]jfbL b'j} efUg kfp"b}gg\ . t/ km]l/ zflGtjftf{sf gfddf oL b'j}n] b]znfO{ k|ltudgtkm{ nu], b]z, hgtf / k|hftGqnfO{ 3ft u/] eg] hgtfn] lognfO{ dfkmL klg ub}{gg\ .

) Pp6f s'/f] lul/hfafa', tkfO{+ ;/sf/nfO{ geg]/ vfln /fhfnfO{ dfq} eGb} x'g'x'G5, lsg <

!* c;f]haf6 hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qf / d'n'ssf] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ /fhfn] hgtfaf6 vf];]/ a;]sf 5g\ eg] c¿nfO{ eGg'sf] s]xL cy{ x'"b}g . rGb ;/sf/ t lar/f] c;+j}wflgs lg/Lx ;/sf/ xf] . o;nfO{ eGg'sf] s'g} cy{ x'"b}g . g]kfnsf # j6f k|hftflGqs ;+:yf -hgtfn] lgjf{lrt u/]/ agfpg] hgtfsf] ;+:yf_ k|ltlglw;ef, :yfgLo lgsfo / :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] cl:tTj d]6fP/ k|hftGqnfO{ ;dfKt ug{ /fhf cfkm+} cu|;/ ePsf 5g\ eg] /fhfnfO{ gegL c¿nfO{ eg]/ s]xL cy{ x'"b}g .

l;+u} dGqfno ‘d"g8«K;’ sf] 9fn Joj;foLnfO{ clVtof/sf] cfzf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . sf]l/of ;fgf tyf demf}nf Joj;fo dxf;+3n] cbfntdf d'2f k/L 5fgljg e}/x]sf] xf] ls xf]Og egL ;f]w]sf] k|Zgdf s'g} d'2f gk/]sf] eGg] em"7f] Joxf]/fsf] kq k7fPkl5 sf]l/ofsf] sf]6f d"g8«K;nfO{ kfg]{ >d tyf oftfoft dGqfnosf] Ps ;"qLo cleofg cf+lzs ¿kdf ;kmn ePsf] 5 .

d'2f gk/]sf] / :jR5 k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df d"g8«K;nfO{ 5flgPsf] em"7f] kq kfPkl5 sf]l/of ;fgf tyf demf}nf Joj;fo dxf;+3n] !^ ;o >lds cfk"lt{sf] sf]6f d"g8«K;nfO{ lbOg] Joxf]/fsf] kq ljxLaf/ dGqfnodf k7fPsf] 5 . h;df * ;o sfdbf/ k7fpg] k|lqmof yfNg cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 . of] kq cfPkl5 dGqfnosf kbflwsf/Lx¿n] d"g8«K;af6 /fd|f] alS;; k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . lsgls dGqfnon] …;jf]{Rrdf d'2f k/]sf] hjfkm lbPsf] ePÚ of] k|lqmof :ylut x'g] lyof] / Ph]G;L rogdf ul/Psf sdhf]/L ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 …d"g8«K;Ú n] kfpg] ;Defjgf g} /xg] lyPg . 9f"6]/ sfd s'/f] ldnfPkl5 dGqfnosf kbflwsf/Lx¿ d"g8«K;af6} bfd emfg]{ csf]{ bfpdf nfu]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] ;f] sDkgLnfO{ k|ltJolQm # nfvsf b/n] k};f lnO{ sfdbf/ k7fpg ldNg] vfnsf] :jLs[lt lbg] tof/L ul//x]sf 5g\ .

dGqfnosf g]kfnl:yt sf]l/ofnL /fhb"tfjf; / To;eGbf klg dflyNnf] lgsfodf k|efjsf/L sf]6f xfl;n ug{ ;kmn d"g8«K;sf] sf]6fsf] :yfloTj cbfntdf k/]sf] d'2fsf] sf/afxL lsgf/f gnfUbf;Dd x'g] eg] b]lvb}+g . cbfntsf] clGtd km};nfn] cfkm\gf] em"7sf] sf/f]af/df c;/ kg{;Sg] b]v]kl5 d"g8«K;sf tf/f e§/fO{ uP/ /f]O{s/fO{ u/]kl5 dGqfnon] cbfntdf d'2f k/]sf] s'/fnfO{ gsf/]/ sf]l/of ;fgf tyf demf}nf Joj;fo ;+3nfO{ kq k7fPsf] lyof] . ;"o{, rGb|b]lv ;a} zlQm kfg{ l;kfn' d"g8«K;sf] wgzlQmn] dGqfno k|efljt ePkl5 :jR5 k|lt:kwf{sf] cfwf/df ;Ifd JolQm k7fpg lghL If]qsf Joj;foLx¿nfO{ :jR5 k|lt:kwf{af6 5flgg'kg]{ dfu ub}{ cfPsf Joj;foLx¿ afUdtL / gf/fo0fL c~rnsf] bf}8fxf 6f]nLsf] z/0fdf k/]sf 5g\ . dGqfnon] d"g8«K;sf kIfdf b]vfPsf] unt /j}ofsf lj¿4 clVtof/df klg d'2f k/]sf] 5 . ca x]/f}+, hgtfnfO{ lgikIf Gofo lbg] cbfnt clVtof/sf] b'¿kof]u / cg'lrt nfe lng] pk/ cg';Gwfg u/L sf/afxL rnfpg] clVtof/ / hgtfnfO{ l56f], 5l/tf] / lgikIf 9+un] ;]jf k'¥ofpg ;3fpg ul7t ;fj{hlgs ;]jf cg'udg 6f]nLn] of] d'2fsf] lsgf/f s;/L nufp"5g\ . kLl8tx¿ eg] oL lgsfoaf6 lgikIf ¿kdf Gofo ;Dkfbg x'g] s'/fdf cfzfjfbL 5g\ .

kL=P;= u|'ksf ;+rfns k|x/L lx/f;tdf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . @* ut] /flt htftt}af6 sfof{no p7fP/ efu]sf kL=P;= ;d"xsf ;~rfns u0f]z yfkfnfO{ k|x/Ln] lx/f;tdf lnPsf] 5 . pQm sDkgL;"u cfa4 ePsf sd{rf/L, ljBfyL{ / ;j{;fwf/0f u/L * ;o dflg;x¿sf] ph'/Lsf cfwf/df ltgnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] xf] . em08} ! jif{ cufl8 u0f]z yfkfsf] ;+rfnsTjdf :yflkt kL=P;= sDkgLn] ljBfyL{, lzIfs / sd{rf/LnfO{ u/L em08} kf"rb]lv ^ s/f]8;Dd /sd 7uL u/L efUg vf]h]sf] lyof] . pQm u|'kn] sltnfO{ t j}b]lzs /f]huf/df k7fpg] egL 7"nf] kl/0ffddf /sd lnPsf] lyof] eg] a]/f]huf/L ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ kf6{ 6fOd gf]s/L lbg] cfZjf;gdf sDo'6/sf] a]l;s sf];{ P8efG; sf];{ / j]a k]hsf] ;fy} dlxnfx¿sf nflu Ao'l6l;og 6«]lgª lbnfpg] gfp"df k|ltJolQm cf7b]lv afx| xhf/;Dd egf{ z'Ns p7fp"b} cfPsf] lyof] . t/, o;/L p7fPsf] ^ dlxgf klg glaTb} pQm Oli6Ro'6 ;~rfns efu]kl5 j}b]lzs /f]huf/df aflx/ hfg nfu]sfb]lv lnP/ hflu/ kfpg] cfzdf Ao'l6l;ogsf] 6«]lgª lnPsf dlxnf;Dd olta]nf ¿g' g xf":g'sf] cj:yfdf k/]sf 5g\ . pQm OlGi6Ro'6df xfn;Dd sl/a ;ft ;ob]lv cf7;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf ljBfyL{ /x"b} cfPsf] ;~rfns u0f]z yfkfn] atfP . lgh yfkf olta]nf nlntk'/sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf] lx/f;tdf 5g\ . pgnfO{ 7uL u/]sf] cleof]udf d'2f bfo/ ul/Psf] 5 . lgh yfkfn] ljleGg k|sf/sf 7uL u/]sf] egL k|x/L sfof{no nlntk'/ / xg'dfg9f]sfdf kLl8t ljBfyL{x¿n] ut;ftf dfq lgj]bg xfn]sf lyP . nlntk'/df sl/a rfnL; hgf ljBfyL{x¿n] d'2f bfo/ u/]sf 5g\ eg] xg'dfg9f]sfdf $) b]lv %) hgfsf] ;d"xn] d'2f bfo/ ug{ cfjZos sfuhkq ;lxtsf] ldl;n tof/ ul/;s]sf 5g\ . a'waf/ k|x/L ;dIf lgj]bg lbg k'u]sf tL u|'ksf kLl8t ljBfyL{x¿ /ldnf hf]zL, /fh]Gb| hf]zL, /f]hL >]i7, b]jhË zfxL, u'8\8L /f}lgof/, ;fljqL v8\sf, ;[hgf a'9fyf]sLn] b'Mv k|s6 ub}{ eg], æaNn–aNn hflu/ kfpg] cfzfn] vf]h]/ NofPsf] k};f klg vfOlbof], hflu/ kfpg' t k/} hfcf];\ . ca t xfdLnfO{ xfd|f] k};f lkmtf{ lbP klg efÚsf] 5 . 6«]lgª ;s]/ clkm;df sfd u/]sf] b'O{ tLg dlxgf laTbf;Dd klg tna kfOPg .Æ t/, pgLx¿n] % b]lv ^ s/f]8;Dd 7uL u/]sf] cleof]udf k|x/L ;dIf ph'/L xfn]sf 5g\ . ptf 5fgljgsf] qmddf k|x/L lx/f;tdf k/]sf ;+rfns k|d'v u0f]z yfkf eg] cfkm"x¿ gefu]sf] t/ @^ ut] ljBfyL{x¿sf] pQ]lht eL8n] htftt}sf sfof{nox¿ tf]8kmf]8 u/L $% j6f sDKo'6/ nu]sf, o;/L nUbf / tf]8\bf sDkgLsf] sl/a &) nfv a/fa/sf] Iflt ePsf] atfp"5g\ . @^ ut]af6 dfg]{ wDsL cfPkl5 @* ut] cfkm\gf] ;'/Iffsf nflu cfkm}+ k|x/L lx/f;tdf cfPsf] yfkf atfp"5g\ . pgn] atfP cg';f/ xfn;Dd kf"r hgfnfO{ ljb]z k7fPsf] / #( hgfsf] le;f tTsfn cfPsf] lyof] . æsDkgLn] Ps dlxgf cufl8b]lv s;}nfO{ klg tna v'jfpg ;s]sf] lyPg . To;}n] ubf{ ljBfyL{x¿ cfqmf]lzt ePsf x'g\, t/ d}n] tna v'jfp"lbg eg]sf] lyOg" . pgLx¿;"u lgo'lQm lbPsf] k|df0fkq x'"bfx'"b} sDkgLn] a]Odfg ug]{ lyPg . s]xL ;do klv{Psf] eP tna v'jfOg] lyof],Æ yfkfn] eg] .

pQm kl/0ffdsf] /sd sxf"af6 NofP/ v'jfpg] eGg] s'/f yfkfn] vf]Ng rfx]gg\ . yfkfn] o:tf OlGi6Ro'6x¿ hDdf !$ 7fp"df ;+rfng u/]sf lyP . h;df sf7df8f}+sf] afg]Zj/, nugv]n, k'tnL;8s, nflhDkf6 / jg:ynL lyP eg] pkTosf aflx/ /fhlj/fhsf] rf/ 7fp"df / ufO{3f6sf] kf"r 7fp"af6 clkml;on ¿kaf6} cfkm\gf] wGbf rnfpg ;kmn ePsf lyP . t/, of] sDkgL s;n] sxf"af6 ;+rfng u/]sf] 5 eGg] ljifodf yfkf af]Ng rfx]gg\ . sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{no k|f=ln=cGtu{t btf{ ePsf] pQm u|'k Ps jif{ klg ;+rfng gx'"b} s/f]8f}+ a/fa/sf] /sd ljBfyL{x¿af6 c;'n u/L @* ut] /flt g} efu]sf] lyof] . ptf kLl8t kIfsf] lgj]bg k/]kl5 yfkfnfO{ nlntk'/ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{non] cbfntdf pEofPsf] 5 . yfkfsf ljifodf nlntk'/ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|d'v k|=p= u0f]z/fh /fO{ eGg'x'G5, ælghn] 7uL u/]sf] b]lvG5, xfn pm cbfntdf d'2f v]Kb} 5 . olb cbfntn] of] s];df 5'6sf/f lbP klg d'2f k'gM xg'dfg 9f]sfdf rNg;S5 . xfdL cfjZos sfuhft g} xg'dfg9f]sf k7fOlbg] 5f}+ .Æ ptf xg'dfg9f]sfdf klg $) b]lv %) hgf kLl8t ljBfyL{ tyf lzIfsx¿sf] ;d"xn] lghnfO{ 7uL u/]sf] cleof]udf d'2f bfo/ ug{ nfu]sf 5g\ .

lgh yfkfn] kf6{ 6fOd gf]s/L, x/]s JolQmnfO{ 6]«]lgª ;s]kl5 k|lt306f sfd u/]afkt ¿= # xhf/ % ;o $) lbg]u/L tna :s]n tf]s]sf lyP . pQm hflu/sf] ;dofjlw slt jif{;Dd x'g] eGg] s]xL gv'nfP klg Ps JolQmn] Ps lbgdf Ps 306f eGbf a9L sfd ug{ kfpg] lyPg . clxn];Dd pTkfbg ePsf To:tf ljBfyL{x¿n] 6«]lgª lbb}+ cfPsf lyP . pQm OlGi6Ro'6 laxfg ^ ah]b]lv ;'¿ eP/ a]n'sf gf} ah];Dd rNg] u/]sf] lyof] . k|To]s ;d"xdf !) b]lv !@ hgf;Dd ljBfyL{x¿ lyP eg] 306}lkR5] u|'k kl/jt{g x'g] u/]sf] lyof] .

To:t} pQm u|'kn] ljBfyL{x¿ tfGgsf nflu @% ¿k}of"sf] lan sf6L Ps jif{;Dd lgMz'Ns c+u|]hL efiff l;sfpg] egL $ dlxgfb]lv em08} !@ ;o hlt ljBfyL{nfO{ k9fp"b} cfPsf lyP .

kqsf/ cfªl5l/ª ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fdf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fsf] :j0f{ hoGtLs} cj;/df gj kj{tf/f]x0f;DaGwL ;dfrf/ n]Vb} cfPsf sflGtk'/ b}lgssf slgi7 pk;Dkfbs >L cfªl5l/ª z]kf{ ;u/dfyf k'Ug] pRrfsf+Iff ;fy j}zfv $ ut] ljxLaf/ ;u/dfyf j];SofDk tkm{ k|:tfg u/]sf 5g\ . %,^)) ld6/ cUnf] sfËnf lks cf/f]x0f ul/;s]sf @* jifL{o z]kf{ ;u/dfyf ljho ug]{df ljZj:t 5g\ . pgnfO{ csf{ cf/f]xL ldG8'l5/Ln] ;fy lbPsf 5g\ . pgL # k6s;Dd ;u/dfyfsf] ;fpy sf]n k'u]sf 5g\, h'g cf7 xhf/ ld6/dfly cjl:yt 5 . ldG8'l5/Ln] cf7 xhf/ b'O{ ;o Ps ld6/ cUnf] rf]o' b'O{ k6s ;kmn cf/f]x0f ul/;s]sf 5g\ . b sf7df8f}" kf]i6åf/f k|:t't o; cf/f]x0f cleofgsf] cfof]hs sflGtk'/ klAns]zG; k|f=ln= tyf ;x–cfof]hs ydfz]s"{ 6]«lsª /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} o; cf/f]x0f ;xof]uLx¿df ahfh kN;/ df]6/ ;fO{sn tyf /f]on :6fu x\jL:sL 5g\ . sflGtk'/ b}lgsdf k|jQmf lgb]{zs s}nfz l;/f]lxofn] hgfpg' eP cg';f/ of] cf/f]x0fdf tL; nfv eGbf a9L vr{ nfUg] 5 . /f]oN6Lafktsf] b:t'/ ldgfx x'g] cfzf cf/f]xL / cfof]hs b'j}n] u/]sf 5g\ . b'O{ ;b:oLo 6f]nLnfO{ rfnL; xhf/ 8n/ /f]oN6L nfUg] ePsf] 5 . kqsf/ z]kf{n] o; cufj} kj{tf/f]x0f;DaGwL cfwf/e"t tflnd, gfufh'{gsf] Ps SnfOlDaª / kf;fª Nxfd' k|lti7fgsf] afn SnfOlDaª ul/;s]sf 5g\ .

b'O{ y/Lsf] ;Demf}tfn] csf]{ åGå lgDTofpg ;S5

8f= k"0f{sfGt clwsf/L, åGåljb

clxn] ;/sf/L kIfsf] jftf{ 6f]nL / dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLaLrdf k|fyldstf ls6fgd} dte]b b]vfk/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/L 6f]nL eTs]sf ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] k'gMlgdf{0fdf / dfcf]jfbL /fhgLlts s'/fdf a9L s]lGb|t b]lvG5g\ . kl/l:ylt lau|g vf]Hof] Sof/] †

k|To]s kIfn] cfkm\gf] e"ldsf v]Ng'kg]{ x'G5 . ;/sf/L kIfn] To;tkm{ k|fyldstf lbg' :jefljs klg xf] . dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] /fhgLlts dfu x'g' :jefljs klg xf] . pgLx¿sf] wghgsf] Iflt klg ePsf] 5 . oL b'O{ y/Lsf] k|fyldstf km/s–km/s x'g'df cfZro{ dfGg' kb}{{g . cfkm\gf]–cfkm\gf] Ph]08f ;a}n] /fVg'k5{ . jf:tjdf klxn]sf] åGåsf] tLgj6f kIfx¿ 5g\ . /fhg}lts, ;}lgs / dfgjLo . oL tLgj6} kIfx¿sf s'/f vfnL d'2f zLif{sdf dfq c8\sg' x'"b}g . ls d'2fx¿nfO{ ldlxg tl/sfn] s]nfpg ;Sg' kb{5 clg dfq jftf{sf kIfw/x¿df s'g–s'g s'/fdf ;xdlt x'G5 Tof] vf]Hg ;lsG5 . ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ hlxn] klg ;lhnf]af6 cf/De u/L c;lhnf]tkm{ hfg'kb{5 . h'g s'/fdf ;lhnf];"u dGh'/L x'g;S5 tL s'/fx¿ ;Rofp"b} hfg] / c;lhnf s'/fx¿ vf]Nb}–vf]Nb} hfg'kg]{ x'G5 . klxn] g} c;lhnf] d'2f /fVof] eg] cufl8 a9\g ;ls+b}g . of] k/LIf0f klg ljBfyL{sf] k/LIff h:tf] xf] . k/LIffyL{n] klxnf ;lhnf k|Zg xn u/] eg] kf; dfs{ Nofp"5 . ;lhnf] ubf{ub}{+ cK7\of/f k|Zgsf] ;dfwfg klg cfpg ;S5 . t/, ;'¿df g} cK7\of/f k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf 3f]lTnof] eg] hfg]sf] k|Zgsf] hjfkm klg n]Vg Eofp"b}g / km]n klg x'g ;Sg] cj:yf cfp"5 . k[ys ljrf/, dfGotf, l;4fGt / sfo{gLlt ePsf kIfx¿aLrsf] jftf{ / ;xdlt klg To:t} xf] . olb cK7\of/f] s'/f cufl8 ;fg{ vf]lhPsf] 5 eg] Tof] jftf{k|lt ul/Psf] cfgfsfgL xf] . xfd|f] kl/k|]Iodf x]bf{ cem} klg ljZj;gLo cfwf/x¿ v8f eO;s]sf 5}gg\ ls †

clxn] jftf{df a:g vf]h]sf /fHokIf / ljb|f]xL kIf b'j}sf Ph]08f cnu, k|fyldstf cnu x'g] / jftf{df a:bf xftdfly kfg{ TolQs} xf]8 rNg] xf] eg] jftf{af6 ;dfwfg s;/L cfp"5 < b'O{kIfaLr dfq jftf{ eP/ ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg x'g ;Sb}g . of] åGåsf] t];|f] kIf klg 5 Tof] xf]– ;+;b\jfbL /fhgLlts bnx¿ . ltgLx¿n] lxhf] ax';+Vos hgtfx¿sf] k|ltlglwTj ub{y] cfh klg ub{5g\ . logLx¿n] 7"nf] ;+3if{ u/]/ cfPsf 5g\ . logLx¿nfO{ PsfPs dfOg; ug{ t ldNb}g lg † ltgLx¿nfO{ s;/L jftf{df lnP/ cfpg] Totflt/ clxn];Dd sf]l;; g} ePg .

s] x'g' kYof]{ t . s;/L Nofpg ;lsGYof] <

åGåsf tLg kIfnfO{ x]bf{ !* c;f]hkl5 ;/sf/L kIf /fhfsf] kIfsf] ¿kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 . o;n] ;+;bLo bnx¿sf] k|ltlglwTj ug{ ;Sb}g . k|wfgdGqL h'g kf6L{df x'g'x'G5 ToxL kf6L{sf cWoIf kz'kltzdz]/ /f0ffn] ;d]t s] eGg'eof] eg] k|wfgdGqL xfd|} kf6L{sf g]tf x'g'x'G5, t/ of] ;/sf/nfO{ /fk|kfsf] klg k"0f{ ;dy{g 5}g . eg]kl5 o:n] t /fk|kfsf] ;d]t k|ltlglwTj ug{ g;Sg] /x]5 . To:t} ;/sf/df /x]sf] csf]{ bn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ klg km'6]sf] 5 . To;n] ;du| ;b\efjgfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug{ ;Sb}g . ;+;b\df k|ltlglwTj ug]{ c¿ bnsf] t ;/sf/df k|ltlglwTj g} 5}g . /fhfsf] ;/sf/ ePsf]n] jftf{df clxn] b]vf k/]sf] kIf eg]sf] /fhfsf] kIf xf] . åGåsf] Pp6f kIfsf jftf{ 6f]nL ;+of]hs pkk|wfgdGqL ab|Lk|;fb d08nn] eGb}df /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ cfkm\gf] d"No, dfGotf, cfbz{ la;]{/ Toxf" a:g hfg ;Sb}gg\ . cfkm\gf]–cfkm\gf] cl:tTjsf s'/fx¿ 5g\ . cf–cfkm\g} /fhgLlts Ph]08fx¿ 5g\ . To;sf/0fn] pgLx¿nfO{ jftf{df cfpg] af6f] vf]Hg' k¥of] . h;n] ubf{ t];|f] kIfsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g ;S5 . t];|f] kIfsf] ;+nUgtfljgf b'O{ kIfaLrsf] ;xdltaf6 ;d:of 6'Ëg ;S5 ls ;Sb}g <

6'lËP klg bL3{sfnLg x'"b}g . To;df ;a}eGbf 7"nf] vt/f /fhfnfO{ x'G5 . clxn] /fhfk|lt dflg;x¿sf] cljZjf; ;[hgf ePsf] 5 . lxhf] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqdf k"0f{tM ljZjf; /fVg] bnx¿ clxn] ;+3if{ ug{lt/ nflu/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ glhs Nofpg] k|oTg ePg eg] cljZjf;sf] vf8n emg\–emg\ a9\b} hfG5 . ;+;bLo bnx¿nfO{ kG5fpgsf nflu /fhfjfbLx¿ / dfcf]jfbLx¿ ldNg ;Snfg\ . t/, To;n] :yfoL ;dfwfg lb"b}g . ;+;bLo bnx¿sf] /fhgLlts ¿kdf klg dgf]an lu/]sf] lyof] . c;f]h !# sf] 36gf eg]sf] ;+;b\jfbL bnx¿sf] xf/ / ;}GojfbL dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] lht xf] . 3f]if0ff u/]/ r'gfjdf hfg g;Sg] eg]/ ltgn] To;a]nf xf/ :jLsf/ u/]sf x'g\ . Tof] :jefljs lyof], lsgeg] lgMxTyf hgtf xltof/sflj¿4 hfg ;Sb}gg\, t/ Tolta]nf xf/ :jLsf/ u/] eGb}df ;w"} xfl//xG5 eGg] t xf]Og, Tof] xf/ ;w}"sf nflu xf]Og, Toltv]/ r'gfjdf uPgg\ eg]/ clxn] logLx¿sf] cl:tTj 5}g eGg klg ldNb}g . c;f]h !* ut]sf] sbd ca logLx¿sf] s'g} x}l;ot 5}g eGg] lsl;dn] cfof] . !# ut]sf] 36gfn] g} !* ut]sf] 36gf lgDTofPsf] xf] . o;n] /fhfnfO{ åGåsf] e"d/Ldf l;w} lnP/ cfof] .

lxhf]sf /fhfjfbLx¿ klg /fhfsf] lj¿4df nfu]sf 5g\ <

xf] . clxn]sf] kl/l:ylt /fhfsf] nflu cToGt} cK7\of/f] cj:yfdf 5 . of] lsl;dsf] kl/l:ylt a9\b} uof] eg] /fhtGqnfO{ cf3ft kg{ ;S5 . d'n'snfO{ :yfloTj lbg] alnof] zlQm rflxG5 eg]/ /fhtGq /xg'kg]{ elgPsf] xf] . ca o;}n] g} :yfloTjnfO{ c;/ kfg{ yfNof] eg] o;sf] pkof]lutf s] < of] kl/l:ylt a9\b}–a9\b} uof] eg] /fhtGqsf] cl:tTjdf c;/ kg{ ;Sb5 . Tof] cj:yfdf b]znfO{ of] l:yltdf k'¥ofp"g' x'"b}g, hf]ufpg' k5{ . To;}n] /fhfsf] ;/sf/ jftf{ 6f]nLsf] k|d'v Wofg t];|f] kIf ;+;b\jfbL kIfx¿nfO{ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf s;/L Nofpg]  < To;df s]lGb|t x'g'k5{ . Toqf] hgfwf/ ePsf kf6L{x¿ s;}sf] 6fªd'lg 3'l;|P/ hfg] eGg] s'/f t ePg lg † pgLx¿nfO{ jftf{df ;–;Ddfg hfg ;Sg] kl/l:yltsf] ;[hgf ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . Tof] kl/l:ylt ;[hgf ug]{ e"ldsf /fhfsf] xf] .

;/sf/ leq ga;Lsg ;+;bLo bnx¿sf] jftf{df s:tf] vfnsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g ;S5 < logLx¿ cnUu} 6f]nL agfP/ b'O{ kIf aLrdf ;xhstf{, dWo:ystf{sf] ¿kdf x]g{ ;S5g\ cyjf lqkIfLo jftf{df ;/sf/L 6f]nL, dfcf]jfbL 6f]nL / ;+;bLo 6f]nL eg]/ cfpg ;S5g\ <

;+;b\jfbL bnx¿sf] cnUu} 6f]nL x'g'k5{ . lqkIfLo jftf{ x'g'k5{ . a¿ rf}yf] kIf gful/s ;dfh;"u klg x'g'k5{ . h;n] bjfjsf] sfd ul//x]sf] 5, ;xhLs/0fsf] sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . kf6L{x¿aLr clxn] ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL;"u ljZjf;sf] ;+s6 ulxl/Psf] 5 . b'O{y/L aGb's]n] xft ldnfP .

xfdLnfO{ t jfOkf; ul/xfn] eGg] k/]sf] 5 . To;n] ubf{ pgLx¿ jftf{df a:g rfx]sf 5}gg\ . leqleq s'/f ldln;s]sf] 5 . ca xfdLx¿nfO{ nu]/ cf"}7f 5fk nufpg] dfq x'g\ eGg] kf6L{x¿df k/]sf] 5 . of] cljZjf;nfO{ b"/ ug'{ k¥of] . Tof] b"/ u/fpg'kg]{ bfloTj o;avt /fhfsf] xf] .

;j{kIfLo jftf{ xf]nf . ;a} kIfaf6 Ph]08f cfpnfg\ . To;n] ;d:of a9fp"5 . To;nfO{ ldngljGb'df Nofpg] s;n] <

Toxf"g]/ ;Ifd ;xhstf{sf] cfjZostf 5 . ;xhstf{x¿ cfkm}+ d sfd u5'{ eg]/ ;/sf/L jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;+of]hs d08n, pkk|wfgdGqL / ;b:o k'gn] eGb}df x'g] klg xf]Og . x/]s dfG5]nfO{ nfU5, e/;s cfkm\gf] ;d:of cfkm}+ ;'Nemfpg] jftf{ ubf{ b'O{ kIfaf6 g} ;dfwfg eO{ hfG5 ls . pxf"x¿n] Tof] k|of; ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . h;/L xfdL ;fdfGo la/fdL kbf{ cf"km} cf}iflw vf]H5f} RofKb} uPkl5 8fS6/ vf]H5f}+ . To:t} pxf"x¿df clxn] cfkm}+ ;dfwfg vf]Hg ;lsg] ljZjf; xf]nf . g;s]kl5 b'j} kIfnfO{ ;xhstf{sf] cfjZostfsf] dx;'; x'G5 . lsgeg] logLx¿n] Nofpg] ;dfwfg ;j{dfGo x'g'k5{ . logLx¿sf] ldNof], c¿n] dfg]gg\ eg] csf]{ åGå ;'¿ x'G5 . h;sf] lahf/f]k0f !* c;f]hkl5 e};s]sf] 5 . aGb'ss} e/df c¿nfO{ dgfp"5' eg]/ kf6L{ / hgtfx¿ dfGg] kIfdf 5}gg\ . Tof] ;d"x 7"nf] 5, ;dfwfg bL3{sfnLg agfpgsf nflu clxn]s} k|of;n] k'Ub}g . cGo kIf cfpg} k5{ . cfPkl5 jftf{df emg\ hl6ntf pTkGg x'G5 . To;a]nf dWo:tstf{ / ;xhstf{sf] h¿/t k5{ . clxn] g} x]/f}+, dfcf]jfbL / b/af/sf] h'g ;f]rfO 5 Tof] ljk/Lt lbzfdf 5 . @)$^ ;fnn] lbPsf] clwsf/ /fhfnfO{ a9L / hgtfnfO{ sd eof] eGg] dfcf]jfbLsf] t/ /fhfnfO{ sd eof] eGg] b/af/jfbLsf] ;f]r b]lvPsfn] pgLx¿aLr ldngljGb' klxNofpg Tolt ;xh 5}g . !*) l8u|Lsf ljk/Lt lbzfdf ljd'v ePsf zlQmnfO{ ;Dd'vdf Nofpg 7"nf] sf]lz; rflxG5 . h;sf nflu 1fg, ;Lk, sf}zn, Woo / nrstf ePsf ;xhstf{sf] cfjZostf 5 . t/, ;xhstf{sf nflu ljb]zL g} rflxG5 eGg]h¿/L 5}g . :jb]zL g} eP klg x'G5 . h] ePklg ;xhstf{ t rflxG5, rflxG5 < o;sf] cy{ b'O{ kIfsf] jftf{ aLrdf /f]lsG5 . Tof] cj:yf cfp"5 . dfcf]jfbLsf tkm{af6 klg k/:k/ lj/f]wL egfOx¿ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . slxn] pgLx¿ xfd|f] ;+3if{ /fHo;"u xf] To;}n] ;+3if{ u/]klg, ;Demf}tf u/] klg p;};"u u5f}+ eG5g\ . c¿x¿ ls ptf hfpm ls otf cfpm eG5g\ . slxn] rflx ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x¿;"u klg ;Demf}tf ug'{k5{ eG5g\ . ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x¿sf] ;xof]u kfPgg\ eg] dfcf]jfbLx¿ lgs} cK7\of/f]df k5{g\ . /fhf;"usf] ;Demf}+tfaf6 u0ftGq kSs} cfp"b}g . /fhfsf] xft dfly kg]{ u/L ;Demf}tf ubf{ ;+;b\jfbLn] cf}nf] p7fp"5g\ . ;+;bLo /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] cl:tTj cnu 5 . 7"nf] hgfwf/ 5 Tof] hgdt ef]ln b'O{ kIfsf] ;Demf}tfsf] lj¿4 plqof] eg] s] ug]{ < klxn] h] eg] clxn] rflx+ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] s'/f a'em] . ;a} kf6L{ / ;dfhsf] ;Dks{ To;sf] kl/0flt xf] . efjL cfGbf]ng /f]Sgsf nflu klg ;/sf/n] bnx¿nfO{ ;lDdlnt u/fpg h¿/L 5 . olb o:tf] ePg eg] cfGbf]ng a9\5 / /fhtGqnfO{ cf3ft k'Ug ;S5 . ax'bnLo kf6L{x¿nfO{ Ps 7fp"df pEofP/ cfkm"dflysf] vt/f sd ug]{ bfloTj /fhfsf] klg xf] .

ljZjsf] /fhgLltn] cd]l/sf dxTjk"0f{ tTjsf] ¿kdf b]lvPsf] 5 / xfd|f]df x]bf{ ef/tsf] ;+nUgtf klg ;dfwfgdf h¿/L 5 eGg]x¿ 5g\ . ltgLx¿nfO{ s;/L ;+af]wg ug]{ <

lglZrt xf] . g]kfnsf af/]df cd]l/sf / ef/tnfO{ rf;f] 5 . t/, pgLx¿nfO{ jftf{df ;+nUg g} u/fpg' k5{ eGg] 5}g . pgLx¿sf lh1f;fnfO{ ;dfof]hg ul/lbP k'U5 . >Ln+sfsf] jftf{df ef/tnfO{ gj]{n] pkof]u u/]sf] 5 . xfd|f] b]zdf eg] Tof] k|ToIf ¿kdf b]vfk/]sf] 5}g . clxn]sf] jftf{ 6f]nLdf klg To:tf] b]lvPsf] 5}g . ;a} g]kfnLx¿ /fi6«jfbL 5g\ eg] s;sf] s] rf;f] 5 < Tof] aflx/ Nofpg'k5{ . ltgLx¿nfO{ ljZjf;df lng] sfd s;sf] xf] < ha jftf{ ;f"lRrs} ¿kn] hfG5, ;xhstf{sf] ¿kaf6 To;a]nf Tof] klg Pp6f Ph]08fsf] ¿kdf cfp"5 . ;xhstf{x¿n] pgLx¿sf] klg Ph]08f lnP/ cfp"5g\ .

oxL ultdf jftf{ uof] eg] slt ;dodf r'gfj xf]nf <

;+;b\jfbL bnx¿nfO{ t];|f] kIfsf] ¿kn] cfpg] jftfj/0f aGof] eg] rf"8f] x'g;S5 . t/, h'g 9+un] uPsf] 5 Tof] b]lvb}+g . ;+;bLo bnx¿sf] cl:tTjnfO{ clxn] klg Ift–ljIft agfpg vf]lhPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ lqkIfLo åGå ;'¿ eof] . clxn];Dd ;/sf/n] o;nfO{ låkIfLo 7fg]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] lqkIfLo åGå a'em\g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .

/fli6«o d'2fx" w]/} 5g\ . lzIffnfO{ lnP/ x]g]{ xf] eg] ;+;f/sf] s'g} klg d'n'sdf o:tf] lsl;daf6 lzIff Joj:yf rNg ;Sb}g . clxn] xfdL g e"t g eljiosf] ¿kdf 5f}+ . lzIff h:tf] dxTjk"0f{ s'/fdf o:tf w]/} s'/fx¿ 5g\ . clxn] ljZjljBfnon] Pp6f r'gfj klg u/fpg ;s]g . Pp6f r'gfj ug]{ eG5, csf]{ ;d"x gug]{ eG5 To;}n] To;nfO{ ldnfpg klg ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

dWo:y / ;xhstf{ :jb]zL, ljb]zL s'g pko'Qm x'G5 <

xfd|f] d'n'ssf] clxn]sf] cj:yfnfO{ x]bf{ xfdL k"0f{ ¿kdf :jtGq 5f}+ eGg klg ldNg] cj:yf 5}g . ljb]zLsf] ;xof]u geO{ s]xL klg rNb}g . Tof] j:t'l:ylt Psflt/ 5 eg] ;a}lt/ ljb]zLnfO{ a'emfP/ xfdL pgLx¿sf] cfzfd'vL eP/ al;/xg] cj:yf klg cfpg' x'"b}g . To;}n] ;xhstf{ g]kfnL g} cfpg'k5{ . Tof] Ifdtf g]kfndf 5 . h;df k|fljlws ;Ifdtf / /fhg}lts ultzLntf a'em\g;Sg] Ifdtf klg 5 . To:tf ;xhstf{x¿ g]kfndf 5g\ . agfpg klg ;lsG5 . o; ljifodf xfdL blIf0f Pl;ofd} lgSs} cufl8 5f}+ . cGt ;}4flGts tj/af6 dfq nfu]sf 5g\, t/ oxf" Jojxfl/s tj/af6 nfu]sf y'k|} dflg;x¿ 5g\ . t/, Tof] Ifdtfsf] pkof]u ug]{ cfjZostf clxn] dx;'; eO;s]sf] 5}g . kl5 x'g]5 .

clxn]sf] cj:yf lalu|P/ dfcf]jfbL h+un hfg] jf l;hkmfo/ a|]s x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf klg 5 <

xfd|f] rfxgf l;hkmfo/ a|]s gxf];\ eGg] xf], t/ Tof] cj:yf cfp"b}g eGg ;Sg] cj:yf eg] 5}g .

:yflgo ;dfrf/ | ;Dkfblso | dgf]/~hg | ljrf/÷laZn]if0f | cg'ej÷cGtjftf{ | v]ns'b