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;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfdf sfo{/t g]kfnLx¿sf] ;+:yf ‘PnfoG; km/ 8]df]qm];L’ sf ;+:yfks Pj+ jt{dfg cWoIf vu]Gb| lh=;L= @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg d:of}bf cfof]usf ;b:ox¿nfO{ cd]l/sfdf ;3fpg] ;+of]hs klg x'g'x'GYof] . ;g\ !(*& b]lv g} cd]l/sfdf ‘hg/n n’ k|flS6;df nfUg'ePsf klxnf] g]kfnL lh=;L= clxn] Toxf"sf] ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] klg ax; ug'{x'G5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] ;lGw, sfg'g / af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/;DaGwL b'O{j6f uf]i7Ldf efu lng g]kfn cfpg'ePsf lh=;L=n] b]zfGt/;"u eGg'eof]— æaflx/af6 g]kfnnfO{ x]bf{ oxf"sf] d"n ;d:of ljZjf;sf] ;+s6 b]vfkb{5 . @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ng ;DkGg ePkl5 NofOPsf] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& zlQm ;Gt'ngsf b[li6n] klg, dfgjclwsf/, df}lns xssf b[li6n] klg ;+;f/df Jojxf/df /x]sf k|hftGq cEof;sf b[li6n] klg lgs} ;Gt'lnt / cu|ufdL g} b]lvPsf] xf] . Tof] oyfy{ cem} c;fGble{s ePsf] 5}g . o;n] g]kfnsf] k/Dk/fut zlQm /fh;+:yfnfO{ klg dof{lbt :yfgdf /fVof] . /fhf ;+j}wflgs eP/ a:g /fhL eP . kl/jt{gsf/L zlQmx¿nfO{ ;Dk"0f{ sfo{sf/L clwsf/ pkof]u ug]{ clwsf/ lbof] . jf:tjdf k/Dk/fut zlQmsf] ul/dfk"0f{ cl:tTjsf] /Iff / kl/jt{gsf/L zlQmx¿nfO{ ;Dk"0f{ zlQm;fy cufl8 a9\g] :jtGqtf lbg' o;sf] 7"nf] ljz]iftf lyof] . xfdL h:tf k|hftGqsf] dfWodaf6} g]kfnsf] ljsf; ;Dej 5 eg]/ of] cleofgdf nfu]sfx¿n] a]nfot, hfkfg / cGo o"/f]kLo d'n'sx¿df klg ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq ;lxtsf] k|hftGq rn] h:t} g]kfndf rNg] cfzf lnPsf lyof}+ . ljZjf; lnPsf lyof}+ . cfGbf]ngdf ;lqmo x'g]x¿n] klg ToxL ;kgf b]v]sf lyP . ;a}lt/sf] c;n cg'ejnfO{ ;d]6]/ xfd|f] ;+ljwfg agfOof] klg .

t/, g]kfnsf] b'ef{Uo s] eof] eg], ;'¿b]lv g} /fhf / /fhgLlts bnx¿aLr ljZjf; sfod x'g ;s]g . /fhfnfO{ afWo kf/]/ clwsf/ s6f}tL u/L ;+ljwfgsf] bfo/fdf ;Lldt u/fOPsf]n] g]tfx¿k|lt ghflg+bf] Oiof{ /x\of] ls † g]tfx¿df klg /fhf kl/jt{g;"u v'zL 5}gg\ . xfdLnfO{ ;3fp"b}gg\ eGg] cfz+sf kg{ uof] ls † kl/0ffd /fhfn] ;/sf/nfO{ ;r]t / ;'emfj lb"bf klg …dof{bf gf3]sf]Ú cf/f]k cfpg yfNof] . b/af/sf s'/f g;'lg+bf ax'bnleq ;/sf/ clgolGqt ePsf] u'gf;f] Ps jf csf]{ sf]0faf6 cfpg yfn] . clxn]sf] cj:yf To;}sf] ljsl;t ¿k xf] .

cfkm\gf] k/Dk/fut zlQm cfGbf]ngkl5sf] ;Demf}tfdf u'dfPsf sf/0f /fhfaf6 xfdLn] cfzf ug'{ Joy{ lyof] . /fhfnfO{ ToxL kL8f lyof] xf]nf . xfdLn] cfzf u/]sf] eg]sf] kl/jt{gsf/L zlQm, sf+u|]; / jfdf]rf{df ;lDdlnt bnx¿;"u xf] . t/, ltgLx¿ klg b'O{ 7fp"df r's] . klxnf] ltgn] gof" k|hftGqsf r'gf}tL a'em\g ;s]gg\ . vt/f sxf"af6 5, Tof] 5'6\ofpg ;s]gg\ . h;n] ubf{ ltgLx¿sf] lj/f]wL dt ;+ul7t x'"b} uof] . csf]{ 3d08 ltgnfO{ s] k¥of] eg] xfdL ;fj{ef}d hgtfsf k|ltlglw . hglgjf{lrt ;+:yfnfO{ s;}n] s]xL ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] . oxL bDen] ubf{ ltgLx¿ clgolGqt eP . ;/sf/ kf6L{sf] lgoGq0fdf g/xg], dGqL ;/sf/sf] lgoGq0fdf g/xg] . u'6aGbL a9\g] . u'6aGbLdf nfu]kl5 cfkm\gf] If]q lht]/ cfP h] u/]klg x'g] h'g ;+:sf/ ljsl;t eof] To;n] e|i6frf/ a9fof] . e|i6frf/ a9]kl5 sd{rf/Lx¿n] /fHoåf/f lglb{i6 ;]jf / ;'ljwf hgtfnfO{ lbg ;Sb}gg\ . cem k|zf;goGq g} 3"; ;+sngdf nfU5 . hgtfn] cfkm"n] ;f]r] cg'¿ksf] ;'ljwf gkfPkl5, k|hftGq cufl8 / k5fl8sf] cj:yfdf km/s gb]v]kl5 ltgsf] of] Joj:yfk|lt hlt dfofdf]x x'g'kb{Yof] Tof] ePg . oxf"g]/ csf]{ kIf klg 5 . hgtfsf] cfly{s cj:yfdf b]Vo / cg'e"ltof]Uo kl/jt{g cfPsf] eP dfcf]jfbLsf] k|efj a9\g] lyPg . xfdL;"u slt /fd|f] / ;'gf}nf cj;/x¿ lyP, t/ xfdLn] To;sf] pkof]u ug{ ;s]gf}+ . olt w]/} z}lIfs a]/f]huf/nfO{ dfq x}g, clzlIft a]/f]huf/nfO{ ;d]t /f]huf/L lbg] u/L 7"nf7"nf of]hgf kl/of]hgf ;+rfng ug{ ;lsGYof] . xfdL ljsf;df km8\sf] dfg{ ;SbYof}+ . t/, xfdL t k'/fgf] k/Dk/f wfGg'nfO{ g} k'/iffy{ 7fGg yfNof}+ . k~rfotsf] kfnfsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf ;"rs / tYof+snfO{ cf}+NofP/ cfkm"nfO{ cu|ufdL 7fGg yfNof} . xfdLn] s]xL u/]sf] eP klg To;sf] k|efj hgtfdf k/]sf] /x]g5 eGg] ;TonfO{ c:jLsf/ ug{ yfNof}+ . g]tfx¿, kf6L{, lgjf{rg If]q / cfTds]lGb|t x'"b} uPkl5 af"sL hgtfnfO{ cfkm"x¿ x]lkPsf], cj;/af6 jl~rt ul/Psf] dx;'; u/] . kl/0ffd, dfcf]jfbLn] cfGbf]ng yfNbf klg ltgLx¿ k|lt/f]wdf plqPgg\ . o;/L dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng lj:tfl/t eof] . of] cj:yf;Dd cfOk'Uof] .

of] cj:yfdf cfOk'Ubf ;+j}wflgs ult/f]w pTkGg ePsf] 5 / /fhgLlts ult/f]w klg . t/, of] cj:yf u}/;+j}wflgs eg] xf]Og . t/ of] l:ylt nlDaP, ;+ljwfgsf] gfd ln"b} cfkm"v'zL sfd ug]{ k|j[lQ a9\g ;S5 . lsgls o;} ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f cg'¿k g} sfd ul/Psf] bfaL 5 . casf] /fhgLlts / ;+j}wflgs lgsf; lgsfNbf klg of] ;+ljwfg c;fGble{s x'"b}g . lsgls of] clws k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfg xf] . ;+ljwfgsf] lg0f{o hgcfGbf]ngsf] Dof08]6 / hgtfsf] /fo ;'emfj lnP/ ag]sf] 5 . o;df klg nrstf 5, o;sf k|:tfjgfdf pNn]lvt ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq, hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ax'bnLo Joj:yf afx]ssf cGo s'/fx¿df ;+;b\sf] b'O{ ltxfO dtn] ;dofg's"n ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] 7fp" 5 . of] eGbf /fd|f] lgjf{rg k|0ffnL x'G5 eg] Tof] c+uLsf/ u/] x'G5 . o;}n] clxn] x]bf{ oxL ;+ljwfgcGtu{t g} ;dfwfg vf]Hg ;lsg] ;Defjgf 5 .

s'/f t cfO/x]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL ;+ljwfg vf/]h u/]/ cGtl/d ;+ljwfg Nofpg vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . /fhfsf ;fj{hlgs efif0fdf ;+ljwfgk|ltsf] k|lta4tf cfPg . ;+;b\jfbLx¿ dfq} o;sf] kIfdf ePsf]n] ;+ljwfgdfly k|xf/ x'G5 ls eGg] . t/ xfdL h:tf sfg'gsf ljBfyL{ s] eG5f+} eg] /fhfsf tLgj6f efif0fsf] efiff x]/]/ df};'kmsf] ;+ljwfgk|lt k|lta4tf 5"b} 5}g eGg ldNb}g . /fhfsf nflu klg ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq g} pQd ljsNk xf] . lbju+t /fhf jL/]Gb|sf] nf]slk|otf lsg a9\of] < ljut !@ jif{df x]bf{, df};'km ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] dof{bfdf /lxalS;of] . @)$^ ;fndf cnf]slk|o /fhf @)%* ;fndf ;jf{lws nf]slk|o aGg k'u] . ;fob df};'kmsf] :yfg g]kfnsf ;jf{lws /fd|f /fhfdWo]sf] Psdf ;'/lIft /xG5 . /fhf / /fhtGq b'j}sf] nflu Tof] lxts/ klg 5 . To;}n] jt{dfg /fhfn] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ dfu{ t ToxL xf] . /fhfnfO{ /fi6« ;jn / lr/~hLjL ePsf] / /fh;+:yf dof{lbt / bL3{hLjL /xf];\ eGg] rfxgf kSs} 5 . olb /fhfaf6 ;+ljwfgk|ltsf] k|lta4tf gcfP/ kf6L{x¿ ;+3if{df cf]ln{Psf x'g\, ;z+lst ePsf x'g\ eg] /fhfn] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgk|lt cfkm\gf] b[li6sf]0f k|i6 kfl/lbg'kb{5 . cGof}n a9fP/ /fVg' x'"b}g .

hxf";Dd clxn]sf] ;+j}wflgs ult/f]w s;/L cGt ug{ ;lsG5 < eGg] k|Zg 5 . Tof] klg Tolt c;xh 5}g . clxn] ;a}sf] rfxgf zflGt xf];\ / k|hftflGqs k|lqmof cg'¿k r'gfj xf];\ eGg] 5 . zflGtljgf r'gfj ;Dej geP g} of] l:ylt cfPsf] xf] . To;}n] zflGt jftf{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbp", ljb|f]xL kIfsf] ;Ddfgsf nflu ;+ljwfgdf s]xL ;+zf]wg ug{'k5{ eg] Tof] ;xdlt sfod u/f}+ . /, r'gfjdf hfcf}+ . cfPkl5 ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg u/f}+ . k|hftflGqs / ;+j}wflgs k|lqmof k'gM ultzLn x'G5 . -t/ d]/f] JolQmut ljrf/df eGg'x'G5 eg] t ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] h¿/L klg lyPg, oxL ;+ljwfgcGtu{t g} dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf] kf6L{ v8f u/L r'gfj ug{ ;S5g\ eg] lsg ;+zf]wg ug]{ <_ Pscsf{k|lt z+sf, pkz+sf / cljZjf; ug}{kg]{ cj:yf g} x'"b}g .

cem} klg g]kfnsf /fhgLlts zlQmx¿aLr Psfk;df cljZjf; sfod 5 . jftf{ u/] klg, h] u/] klg /fhf / ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x¿, /fhf / dfcf]jfbLx¿, ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{ / dfcf]jfbLx¿ ;a}n] Pscsf{aLr ljZjf; a9fpg'k5{ . ;a} ldn] zflGt x'G5, k|hftflGqs k|lqmof ;'rf¿ x'G5 . ljsf; k|lqmof cufl8 a9\5 . cfly{s j[l4 x'G5 . g]kfn alnof] x'G5 . Psfk;sf] åGån] b]znfO{ aaf{b kfb{5 . dfcf]jfbLx¿ ;f"Rr} b]zsf] eljiok|lt lrlGtt eP/ cfPsf x'g\ eg] t6:y dWo:ystf{ /fvf}+, ;xdlt sfod u/f}+ . /fhgLlts d"nwf/df cfP/ b]z agfcf}+ .Æ

k|x/Ldf ax'ljjfx

rGb|lszf]/

db{sf b;j6L x'G5g\ eg]/ sfG5L leœofpg] k|x/L kl/jf/df clxn] /8fsf] dlRrg yfn]sf] 5 . ha nf]Ug]x¿ hLljt lyP, ;fd, bfd b08sf] ;xf/fn] ltgn] ePsf ;a} kTgL / ltgsf ;Gtfgsf] OR5f k'¥ofPsf lyP . t/, dfcf]jfbL hgo'4n] ax'kTgLwf/L k|x/Ldf 7"nf] ;+s6 Nofof] . vf; u/L ljb|f]xdf dfl/Psf, 3fOt] ePsf ax'kTgLwf/L k|x/Lx¿sf] kl/jf/df clxn] /8fsf] dlRrg yfn]sf] 5 . hxf" s+ufn ToxL r08fn eGg] plQm rl/tfy{ ePsf] klg 5 . dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]x bdg ug]{ qmddf hjfgb]lv k|x/L jl/i7 pk/LIfsx¿n] Hofg u'dfPsf 5g\ . sfdsf qmddf 3/5f]8L lx"8\g'kg]{ x'gfn] w]/}n] csL{ kTgL leœofPsf kfOG5g\ . o;}n] jL/tult k|fKt u/]sf ljjflxt k|x/Lx¿sf] ;+Vofsf] cg'kftdf ljwjf x'g]x¿sf] ;+Vof lgZro g} a9L 5 .

cfkm\gf] >Ldfg\sf] d[To'kZrft\ Ifltk"lt{afkt kfOg] /sd lngsf nflu k|x/Lsf ;f}tf kTgLx¿aLr ljjfb x'g] u/]sf] 5 . æclxn] d h:tf ;os8f}+ ljwjf dlxnfx¿ 5g\, h;n] cfkm\gf] >Ldfg\ u'dfO;s]kl5 af; / uf";sf] cefjdf bogLo hLjg latfO/x]sf 5g\ .Æ l;Gw'nLsf] ledfgdf cfkm\gf] >Ldfg\ u'dfpg k'u]sL ;nf{xLsL Ps k|x/L kTgLn] atfOg\ . pgsf] >Ldfg\n] @ jif{cl3 bf];|L >LdtL 3/df leœofPsf lyP . To:tf kLl8t dlxnfx¿n] Ps}k6s bf]xf]/f] kL8f ;xg'k/]sf] 5 . tL kLl8t dlxnf elG5g\, æ>Ldfg\sf] cleefjsTj t l5lgof] g} ;"u} ;f}tfsf] /fk klg ;xg'k/]sf] 5 . p;sf] klg pxL xfn 5 .Æ

sfg'gn] g]kfn k|x/Lsf s'g} klg ;b:onfO{ ax'ljjfx ug{ lbb}+g . t/, Jojxf/df g]kfn k|x/Ldf ax'ljjfx ug]{x¿sf] ;+Vof lg/Gt/ a9\bf] 5 . k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ck/fw cg';Gwfg ljefucGtu{tsf] s]Gb|Lo dlxnf ;]ndf cf=j= )%%÷)%^ df !% j6f, )%^÷)%& df $% j6f / )%&÷)%* df ^$ j6f a'xljjfxsf d'2fx¿ btf{ ePsf 5g\ . dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf;DaGwL ck/fwsf] 5fgljg tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf nflu lj=;+= @)%@ ;fndf :yfkgf ul/Psf] xf] / @)%% ;fnb]lv o;n] g]kfn k|x/Ldf ePsf ax'ljjfx;DaGwL d'2fx¿ x]g{ yfNof] .

ax'ljjfxsf] t:jL/ s]Gb|Lo dlxnf ;]nsf] btf{ clen]vdf pNn]v ePeGbf 7"nf] cfsf/df /x]sf] atfOG5 . lsgls ax'ljjfx u/] klg nfpgvfg k'u]sf jf >Ldfg\sf] dfofaf6 jl~rt gePsf dlxnfn] xTklQ 3/sf] ;d:of c¿sf cufl8 n}hfb}+gg\ . dlxnf ;]nsf] clen]vdf ax'ljjfx ug]{ k|x/Lsf] ;+Vof tNnf] bhf{x¿df a9L 5 / hlt dfly uof] plt sd 5 . dflyNnf] bhf{df Pshgf k|x/L lg/LIfssf] ljjfbdf ax'ljjfxsf] d'2f btf{ ePsf] 5 eg] ;f]eGbf dflyNnf bhf{sf] ax'ljjfx;DaGwL s'g} klg d'2fx¿ xfn;Dd btf{ ePsf 5}gg\ .

ljjfx h:tf] dxTjk"0f{ s'/fk|lt klg ;Dj]bgzLn gePsf k|x/Lx¿sf kfl/jfl/s ljjfbx¿ a]nfavtdf ;fj{hlgs eO/x]sf x'G5g\ . o:t} 36gf ut sflt{sdf ef]hk'/df eof] . cfkm\gf >Ldfg\;"u k|]d u/]sf] cf/f]kdf lzj/fd sfsL{sf] >LdtL /]vf sfsL{n] zflGt e§/fO{nfO{ d/0ff;Gg x'g]u/L s'6lk6 ul/g\ . s'6lk6af6 ;Vt 3fOt] ePsL zflGt e}";Lk+vf– & sL !( jifL{of o'jtL lyOg\ .

ax'ljjfxn] cg]sf}+ ;d:ofx¿ pTkGg ub{5 / o;af6 klt dfq xf]Og k|x/Lsf ;a} kTgL kLl8t x'G5g\ . ;dfh;]ljsf ;/:jtL rf}w/L elG5g\, æax'ljjfxsf sf/0f kl/jf/df ;f}t]gL Jojxf/, em}–emu8f, s'6lk6 tyf xTof, cfTdxTof h:tf 36gf / h3Go ck/fwx¿ ;d]t x'g] ub{5 .

k|x/L P]g, @)!@ cGtu{t ag]sf] k|x/L lgodfjnL @)$( sf] kl/R5]b * sf] *# gDa/df k|x/L sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ax'ljjfx ug{af6 /f]s]sf] 5 . cfwf/e"t k|x/L cfr/0fdf d'n'sL P]gdf pNn]lvt cj:yfx¿ afx]ssf h'g;'s} cj:yfdf ax'ljjfx u/]df k|x/L lgodfjnLsf] lgod *& cg'¿k tNnf] kb -bhf{_ jf tNnf] 6fOd :s]n -tna_ jf ToxL 6fOd :s]nsf] tNnf] :s]ndf cf]/fNg ;Sg] k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . …k|x/LÚ gfds å}dfl;s k|sfzg -@)%( c+s !_ df k|x/L ;xfos lg/LIfs dl0fh+u xdfn n]V5g\, æsfg'gL ¿kdf ax'ljjfx ug]{nfO{ tNnf] bhf{df 36'jf jf tna 36fpg] ;hfo"sf] Joj:yf eP tfklg dlxnf ;]nsf cg';f/ xfn;Dd s;}nfO{ klg o:tf] ;hfo" ul/Psf] 5}g . g t o; af/]df pQm k|x/Lsf] tLgk':t] clen]vdf gsf/fTds /]s8{ g} /flvG5 .Æ ax'ljjfx;DaGwL d'2fsf] ;hfo" sd ePsf] cfjfh pl7/x]s} a]nf o; lsl;dsf] ck/fw ug]{nfO{ klg s'g} ljefuLo ;hfo" gx'"bf g]kfn k|x/Ldf ax'ljjfx ug]{ k|j[lQ a9\bf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ k|x/Lsf] 5ljdf g} gsf/fTds c;/ kg]{ ;d:of ;[hgf ePsf] 5 .

g]kfn k|x/Lleq ax'ljjfx ug]{ k|j[lQ lsg a9]sf] xf]nf t < o;sf] Pp6} sf/0f k|x/Lx¿;"usf] 5nkmnaf6 lg:sb}+g . a9\bf] ax'ljjfx ;DaGwdf g]kfn k|x/Ln] ;j]{If0f jf cg';Gwfg g} u/fOPsf] kfOb}+g . k|;lg lbnaxfb'/ ;'j]bL eG5g\, ædfcf]jfbL ultljlw a9]kl5 k|x/Lx¿n] ;'/IffhGo r'gf}tLsf sf/0f labf klg w]/} gkfOg', >LdtLnfO{ klg ;"u;"u} /fVg] cj:yf gx'g', ;b}j tgfjsf] cj:yf Joxf]g'{kg]{ h:tf sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ k|fs[lts cfjZostfsf] ¿kdf of}gsf] ct[Kt ef]s nflu/x]sf] x'G5 . o:t} kl/k|]Iodf k|x/Lx¿sf] hg;Dks{ a9L x'g], cfddfG5]x¿;"u a;p7 ug]{ 5'6 x'g] cj;/x¿n] ubf{ :qLx¿sf] ;fldKo e]l6G5 hf] ghflg+bf] lsl;dn] lj:tf/} ljjfxsf] :j¿kdf kl/jlt{t x'"b} uO/x]sf] x'G5 .

æax'ljjfxaf6 kLl8t x'g k'u]sL k|foM klxnf] >LdtLn] nf]Ug]sf] ;Dks{ / ;+/If0faf6 ljd'v x'g k'lu/x]sL x'lG5g\,Æ clwjQmf /fdf/fgL >]i7 elG5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ ax'ljjfxsf sf/0f tLgj6} kIf cyf{t\ >Ldfg\, klxnf] / bf];|f] >LdtL s'g} g s'g} ¿kn] gsf/fTds tj/af6 k|efljt eO/fVg] g} x'G5 .

g]kfn k|x/Ldf ax'ljjfxsf] a9\bf] k|j[lQ lgoGq0fsf nflu r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd a9fpg'kg]{ cfjZostf 68\sf/f] 5 . To:t} ax'ljjfx h:tf] dfgjLo ;d:ofsf] ;Dj]bgzLntfnfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy b[li6ut u/L g]kfn k|x/Ldf ljBdfg sfg'gL k|lqmofx¿sf] k|efjsfl/tfsf] vf]hL ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf a9\b} uPsf] 5 .

klxnf] kfgf | :yflgo ;dfrf/ | ;Dkfblso | dgf]/~hg | cg'ej÷cGtjftf{ | v]ns'b