sf7df08f}+, a}zfv !$ @)^)

cg'ej cGtjftf{

/fhfnfO{ ;Ddfg xf]Og, zlQmsf] ef]s hfu]sf] 5

g/xl/ cfrfo{

-lj3l6t k|ltlglw;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ rf/ d'Vo bnx¿ ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] ‘/y’ u'8fpg] tof/Ldf 5g\ . otf ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr jftf{ klg rNb}5 . g]kfnsf] ;+j}wflgs / /fhgLlts ljsf;df b]vfk/]sf] ult/f]wnfO{ oL b'O{y/L cj;/sf dfWodaf6 s;/L lgsf; lbg ;lsG5 t < dfcf]jfbL;"usf] cl3Nnf] jftf{df ;/sf/L k|ltlglwsf ¿kdf ;lqmo /xg'ePsf g]kfnL sf+u|]; s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf ;b:o g/xl/ cfrfo{;"u eflj cfGbf]ng, dfcf]jfbL jftf{ / ;+ljwfg;ef tLg ljifodf s]lGb|t /xL b]zfGt/n] nfdf] jftf{ u/]sf] lyof] . k|:t't 5 To;sf] ;f/– ;+=_

) :yfgLo lgsfo sAhf ug]{ / lj3l6t k|ltlglw;efsf] a}7s af]nfpg] cfGbf]ngsf/L kf6L{x¿sf] lg0f{on] t /fhf;"u l;w} d'7e]8 ug{ vf]h] h:tf] b]lvof] lg <

clxn]sf] cfGbf]ng uDeL/ r'gf}tLsf] kl/l:yltdf k|f/De ePsf] 5 . cfGbf]ng / o;sf z}nLsf cufl8 klg y'k|} r'gf}tLx¿ 5g\ . Psflt/ b]zsf] ;d:of ag]sf] ;z:q ljb|f]xn] zflGtk"0f{ cjt/0f vf]Hb} jftf{ k|lqmof k|f/De ePsf] cj:yf 5 . hgtfx¿n] zflGt g} vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . csf]{lt/ !* c;f]h @)%( n] lgDTofPsf] /fhgLlts / ;+j}wflgs ult/f]wsf] ;dfwfg ;xdltaf6 glgl:sPkl5 j}wflgs k|lqmofaf6} To;sf] lgsf;sf nflu cfGbf]ng ug'{kg]{ ljlzi6 cj:yf klg ;[hgf ePsf] 5 . To;}n] efjL cfGbf]ng cfkm}+df r'gf}tLk"0f{ 5 .

k|ltlglw;efsf] pkl:ylt g} of] cfGbf]ng j}wflgs ¿kdf ljsl;t x'g kfPsf] eP cyf{t\ clxn] vf]lhPsf cu|ufdL ;'wf/sf s'/fx¿ yflnPsf eP of] cj:yf g} cfpg] lyPg . clxn]sf] åGå oyfy{df ;+;b\ / /fhfsfaLrsf] xf] . t/, ;+;b\df uPsf /fhgLlts bnx¿n] o;sf] Joj:yfkgsf] g]t[Tj lbg g;s]sf] sf/0fof] ¿kdf cfPsf] xf] . bnx¿n] ljutdf cfkm"n] o;sf] g]t[Tj ug{ g;s]sf] dxz'; u/L clxn] ;+;bLo ;+:yfx¿s} dfkm{t cufl8 a9fpg] k|of; u/]sf x'g\ . /fhf–;+;b\aLrsf] åGå xf], Tof] hgtfaLr ;fj{hlgs xf];\ / dof{lbt ¿kdf ;+rflnt xf];\ eg]/ of] lg0f{o ePsf] xf] .

of] vfnsf] åGå k/Dk/fut dfGotfdf x's]{sf] /fhtGq ¿kfGt/0f x'g] k|lqmofdf hxf" klg x'g] ub{5 . @)$^ ;fndf k/Dk/fut /fhtGqnfO{ zflGtk"0f{ k|lqmofåf/f ¿kfGt/0f ug{ vf]lhof] t/ !@ jif{sf] aLrdf Tof] k|lqmof :jefljs ¿kn] ljsl;t x'g kfPg, cj¿4 eof] . of] To;}sf] kl/0flt xf] . of] d'7e]8 eGbf klg /fhf / ;+;b\sf] åGå nf]stflGqs kl/kf6Laf6 d'vl/t x'g vf]h]sf] cj:yf xf] .

) cfGbf]ngsf] :j¿k / z}nLsf af/]df cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿ :ki6 5}gg\ < cfGbf]ng ufp"df s]lGb|t ug]{ ls zx/df ug]{ ls < ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng d} t]n xfn]/ rsf{pg] xf] <

df]6fdf]6L ¿kdf cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿ k|i6 g} xf]nfg\ o;sf :j¿ksf af/]df . t/, cfGbf]ng cfkm}+ ljsl;t x'G5 . z}nL / :j¿k ToxL cg'¿k ljsl;t x'"b} hfG5 . k|hftflGqs k|lqmof / hgk|ltlglwd"ns k|hftflGqs ;+:yfx¿ cj¿4 ePsf]n] ltgnfO{ hufP/ cfGbf]ng k|f/De ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] . o;sf] ;Gb]z Tolt xf] . t/ cfGbf]ng cf/De ePkl5 cfpg] hl6ntf / r'gf}tLx¿nfO{ s;/L ;Daf]wg ug]{ eGg] ljifodf g]t[Tj clxn] g} k|i6 5, eg]/ bfjL eg] ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g .

) of] cfGbf]ngsf] nIo s] xf] < rf/ bnsf] k|f/lDes dfu, k|ltlglw;efsf] k'gM:yfkgf jf ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] k|flKtdf uP/ 6'+lug] xf] ls < cfGbf]ng a9\b} hf"bf dfu a9\b} hfG5 .

k|ltlglw;ef k'g:yfkgf jf ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ dfq} cfGbf]ngsf] nIo xf] eg] of] cfGbf]ng g} x}g . oyfl:yltjfbnfO{ ;dfTgsf nflu ul/Psf] k|oTgsf] ¿kdf dfq o;nfO{ x]g{ kb{5 . jf:tjdf of] cfGbf]ng !* c;f]h @)%( sf] k|ltudgsf] pTkfbg xf] . cu|udgsf :jefljs k|lqmofnfO{ ca¿4 ubf{ k|ltudg ePsf] xf] . k|ltudg cfkm}+ ePsf] x}g, /fhfsf] dfq} rfxgfn] ePsf] klg xf]Og . k/Dk/fut wfld{s–;fdflhs dfGotfdf c8]sf] ;dflGt / zlQm rnv]n ug]{ ;+:yf, h;sf] ¿kfGt/ ePsf] !@ jif{ dfq k'u]sf] lyof], Tof] ;+:yfn] k|ltudgsf nflu k|oTg ub}{g / cu|udgsf nflu :j]R5fn] hfG5 eGg] klg 5}g . t/ cu|udgsf nflu lx+8\g'kg]{ ;+:yfx¿ ha cNdlnP / slxn] sflx+ k|ltudgsf] rl/q ePsf ;+:yfx¿sf] v]nf}gf ag] . o;}n] k|ltudgsf] ;xL pkrf/ eg]sf] g} cu|udgsf 7f]; Ph]08fx¿ x'g\ . olb /fhgLlts bnx¿df o;sf] af/]df :ki6tf 5}g eg] g of] k|ltudg lj¿4 pleg ;S5, g nIo xfl;n ug{ g} .

hxf";Dd g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] k|Zg 5, o;n] !* c;f]hkl5 dfq x}g, @)%( ;fpg @% ut] g} cu|ufdL kl/jt{g / ;'wf/sf] sfo{qmd cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 / s]Gb|Lo sld6Laf6 kfl/t u/]sf] 5 . o;sf] s]xL ;+s]t bzf}+ dxflwj]zgsf p;sf lg0f{o / b:tfj]hx¿df klg kfOG5 . To;}nfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ cf/De ePsf]n] of] cfGbf]ngsf] nIo :ki6 5 . t/ o;sf] JofVof ePg . g]kfnL sf+u|];n] t @)%( df3 ^ ut] To;nfO{ :ki6tf lbg] csf]{ k|of; u¥of] . s]xL a'"bfx¿ ;fl/P .

@)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] kl/0ffd:j¿k cfPsf] @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgn] cfkm\gf] :yfloTjsf nflu h'g dfqfsf] cu|ufdL rl/q af]Sg'kg]{ lyof], Tof] af]Sg ;s]g . hlt af]Sof] Tof] klg pkof]u ePg . ;+ljwfg cfof]un] lbPsf] d:of}bfdf /fli6«o d'4fx¿df lnPsf] lg0f{osf cfwf/df hgdt ;+u|x ug]{ k|fjwfg lyof] . h'g;'s} /fhgLlts cf+sfIffx¿nfO{ ;d]6\g hgtfaLr hfg] Tof] eGbf /fd|f] ljsNk lyPg . ;+ljwfgn] ;fj{ef}d;Qf hgtfdf lglxt /x]sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof], hgtf g} /fHozlQmsf] clGtd ;|f]t eg]/ k|:tfjgfsf] klxnf] jfso n]lvPsf] lyof] . t/ hgtfn] cfkm\gf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] k|of]u s;/L ug]{, clGtd lg0ff{os aGg kfpg] clwsf/nfO{ cEof;df Nofpg] k|lqmof cfof]usf] Tof] ;'emfj g/fVbf vl08t eof] . casf] ;+j}wflgs lgsf; s]df s]lGb|t x'gk¥of] eg] d'n'sdf ;+j}wflgs / /fhgLlts k|Zg p7\of] eg] hgtfnfO{ ;f]Wg] k|lqmof k|i6 ¿kdf ;+ljwfg d} pNn]v x'gk¥of] . h;sf] dfWodaf6 hgtfn] cfkm\gf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf k|of]u u/]/ lg0f{o lbg ;s"g .

csf]{ s'/f %) jif{sf] g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts Oltxf;df k|hftGqsf] :j:Yo ljsf;sf] s'/fdf ;w}+ /fhf;"u dfq emu8f x'g uPsf] 5 . @))& ;fnsf] hgqmflGtn] hgtf g} lg0ff{os xf], zf;gsf] ljlw Joj:yfsf] lg0f{ostf{ hgtf g} x'g]5 eg]/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] s'/f p7fPsf] klg lyof] . Tof] ul/g] 5 / hgtfn] agfPsf] ;+ljwfgåf/f d'n'ssf] zf;g rN5 eGg] k|lta4tf /fhf, hgtf b'j}df lyof] . To;}nfO{ xfdLn] /fi6«lktf eg]sf :j= lqe'jgn] @)!) ;fndf 3f]if0ffåf/f sfo{sf/L clwsf/ lkmtf{ lnP/ cK7\of/f]df kf/] . /fhf dx]Gb| @)!% ;fndf Pp6f ljGb'df k'u]/ cf+lzs ¿kn] k|hftGqsf] cEof; ug{ ;xdt eP . t/, To;df c8\g pgL ;s]gg\ . To;k5fl8sf] #) jif{sf] cfGbf]ngsf] kl/0ffd eg]sf] @)$^ ;fn xf] . @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg To;sf] ;dembf/Lsf] b:tfj]h lyof] . hgtfn] cfkm\gf] xftdfly kf/]/ /fhf;"u ul/Psf] ;Demf}tf lyof] Tof] . Tof] l;4fGtnfO{ ;++j}wflgs /fhtGq eg]/ g]kfnL sf+u|];n] !)!@ ;fndf kfl/t u/]sf] lyof] . b]zsf] k/Dk/fut zlQm b]zsfn kl/l:ylt cg';f/ hgtfsf] xft dfly kg]{u/L ;Demf}tfdf a:g rfx\of] eg] To:tf] /fhtGqnfO{ :jLsf/ ug'{k5{ eg]/ sf+u|];n] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] JofVof plta]n} u/]sf] klg xf] . To:tf] /fhtGq;"u k|hftflGqs zlQmx¿ lx+8\g ;lsG5 eGg] ljZjf;df @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg ag]sf] 5 . t/ c;f]h !*, @)%( df /fh;+:yfsf tkm{af6 >L % n] pNn+3g ul/;s]kl5 k|Zg p7]sf] 5 . clwsf/sf ljifodf rf/ rf/j6f /fhf;"u %) jif{b]lv xfdLn] ;w}+ ;+3if{ lsg ug{ kl//x]5 . u2L 5f]8]/ cfPsf] / qmflGtsf/L zlQmn] g} k'gM:yflkt u/]sf] vl08t /fh;+:yfaf6 3'ldlkm/L k|hftGqdfly lsg vt/f cfp"5 < rf/} k':tfn] lsg ;+3if{ ug'{kg]{ l:ylt cfp"5 < To;}n] o;sf] l5gf]kmfgf] x'g'k5{ . df3 ^ ut] sf+u|];sf] lg0f{on] /fh;+:yfnfO{ k"0f{t ;+;b\sf] clwgdf /fv]/ dfq} nf]sd}qL /fh;+:yfsf] ¿kdf ljsl;t ug{ ;lsg] 7x/ u/]sf] b]vfp"5 . /fh;+:yf ;DaGwL ;a} lsl;dsf sfg'g klg ;+;b\n] agfpg'kg]{ / ;'/Iffb]lv ;a} k|aGw / Joj:yfkg ;+;b\n] g} ug'{k5{ . cGoyf /fh;+:yfnfO{ ;'/lIft /fVg ;lsb}+g . /fh;+:yfaf6 af/Daf/ e}/xg] vt/fnfO{ klg /f]Sg ;lsb}+g .

) of] ;Gb]z ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf ;xsdL{, ;xwdL{df k'u]sf] t 5 < cfGbf]ngsf] qmdd} dte]b cfpg] t xf]Og <

cfGbf]ngsf] nIo ls6fg x'g'kg]{ xf] t/ cfGbf]ngsf] cjwf/0ffkqdf Tof] :ki6 5}g . Tof] clns cd"t{ klg 5 . sf+u|];sf cufl8sf] 7"nf] r'gf}tL eg]s} oxL xf] ls p;n] cfkm\gf lg0f{ox¿df ;xof]uL bnx¿nfO{ ;xdt u/fpg k¥of] of ;a} ldn]/ ;femf d'2fx¿ to ug'{k¥of] . o;n] :ki6tfsf] ck]Iff u/]sf] 5 . cjwf/0ffdf of] cfGbf]ng k|ltudgsf lj¿4 dfq x}g, cu|udgsf nflu klg xf] eg] pNn]v 5, t/ Tof] k|ltsfTds jf cd"t{ 5 . cfGbf]ng sxf" 6+'lug] xf] t < k'gM:yfkgf jf ;j{bnLo ;/sf/df dfq 6'+lug] xf] < To;n] clxn] p7]sf ljjfbsf] :yfoL lg¿k0f u5{ t <

) s'g} Pp6f k|flKt eP ToxL 6]s]/ cu|udgsf pknlAw xfl;n ug{ ;lsPnf lg t <

6]Sg] e"ld kfPkl5 sfd ug{ ;lsG5 sfd ug]{ dg;fo 5 eg] . To;}n] ;+;b\sf] :yfkgf klxnf] ljGb' x'g;S5 . t/ xfd|f] ljut !@ jif{sf] sfo{z}nL x]bf{ kl5 ul/g] sfdsf af/]df klxn] :ki6 x'g ;lsPg eg] cndln"bf] /x]5 . oL b'j} s'/f /fhf;"usf] ;Demf}tfaf6 cfpg] x'g\ t/ >L % ;"u ;Demf}tf x'"bf casf] k|ltlglw ;efn] ug]{ sfdsf] ;"lr k]z u/]/ >L % sf] ;xdlt lng ;lsPg eg] ;d:of t Ho""sf To"" /xG5 . ;+;b\ jf ;/sf/ eg]sf] k|lqmof dfq} xf] . d"n s'/f t df3 ^ ut]sf] lg0f{o ;lxt sf+u|]; / cGo bnx¿n] :jLsf/ u/]sf /fhfnfO{ ;+j}wflgs / dof{lbt agfpg] / :j:y / ljsl;t u/L dof{lbg ¿kdf k|hftGqnfO{ hLjg k4ltsf] ¿kdf ljsl;t ug]{ s'/fx¿ 5g\ . sf+u|]; o;af6 tn emb{}g t/ nf]stflGqs d"No k4ltnfO{ cj¿4 gkfg]{ u/L cu|udgdf hfg] cGo ;xof]uL bnsf sfo{qmdx¿ x'g'k¥of] . c¿ bn;"u ;xsfo{ ubf{ xfdLn] k|hftGqnfO{ lsg hf]8 lbg'kb{5 eg] c¿ bn sGo'lgi6 ljrf/df cf:yf /fV5g\ / clGtd nIo xfd|f] eGbf km/s 5 .

) kf6L{x¿n] p7fPs} ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] dfunfO{ t/af/ agfP/ s'g} klg a]nf b/af/n] cfGbf]ngnfO{ t'xfpg] jf lzlyn kfg]{ vt/f t /lx /x\of] < lsgsL Pdfn]n] t cf/Deb]lv g} ;j{bnLosf] kIfdf 5 <

;+;bLo kf6L{x¿sf] cuf8L of] vt/f Psbd 5 . of] pgLx¿sf] hLjgd/0fsf] vt/f xf] . pgLx¿nfO{ cu|udgsf] g]t[Tj ug{ kfpg] h'g cj;/ k|fKt 5, pgLx¿ ;Qf / em08fdf g} cNdlnP eg] o;sf] g]t[Tj c¿n] lng] ;Defjgf x'G5 . clxn] ;don] pgLx¿nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ 9+uaf6 cfkm\gf dfux¿ ;':ki6 ¿kn] hgtfaLr nfg kfpg] /0fgLlts cj:yfdf k'¥ofPsf] 5 . kf6L{x¿n] ;ts{tf / ;embf/Lsf ;fy nfg ;s]gg\ eg] o;nfO{ eTsfPsf] cf/f]k vKg k5{ ltgn] .

) b/af/sf] ‘km'6fP/ /fh ug]{ gLlt’ of] aLrdf s'g ¿kdf cfpg ;S5 < sf+u|];sf] sf]O/fnf kl/jf/ d} b/af/ k:g vf]h]sf] Wjlgt x'"b}5 <

x/]s cfGbf]ngdf o:tf] :jefljs vt/f cfp"5 . o;nfO{ cfGbf]ngsf] afn/f]usf ¿kdf lng'k5{ . x'ls{ ;s]kl5 klg o;df ;ts{ x'g}kb{5 . olb o;df klg ;ts{ /x]g5g\ eg], pgLx¿n] cfGbf]ngnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg ;Sb}gg\ . o:tf] ;ts{tfsf] cfjZostf sf+u|];n] u/]sf] 5 . ca k/Dk/fut 9f"rf / 9/f{af6 o;nfO{ layf]Ng] k|of; x'"b}g . gof" z}nL, zlQmx¿sf] k|of]u x'G5, h;sf] rrf{ e}/x]sf] 5 . cfGtl/s, afx\o kf6L{ut, kf6L{ aflx/af6, ljleGg ¿k / cjtf/df cfGbf]ngnfO{ sdhf]/ agfpg] k|of; lj/f]wLaf6 x'G5 . To;nfO{ l5rf]n]/ cufl8 a9\g cfGbf]ngsf/Lsf] ;Lk, Ifdtf / sf}zntfsf] s'/f x'g cfp"5 . ;a} To;df ;ts{ eP/ Go"gtd ;dembf/Ldf cufl8 a9\g'k5{ .

) eg]kl5 cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿sf aLrdf klg cfrf/;+lxtf cfjZos eof] <

Psbd} h¿/L 5 . cfrf/;+lxtfsf] d:of}bf klg x'"b}5 . To;sf] d"n Ph]08f eg]s} o:tf vt/fx¿nfO{ s;/L Go"gLs[t ug]{ / ;fdgf ug]{ eGg] xf] . cfGbf]ngn] ult lnPkl5 klg s'g} s'g} nf]e nfnrfdf hf] sf]xLnfO{ tfGg] k|oTg x'g;S5 . To;sf] kjf{x gu/L OdfGbf/Lk"j{s cfGbf]ng d} xft]dfnf] u/L a:g ;Sb}gg\ eg] cfGbf]ng w/fkdf kg{;S5 . arga4tf k|s6 ug]{x¿n] To;nfO{ kfngf ug}{kb{5 . k|:tfljt d:of}bf cfrf/;+lxtfdf o;nfO{ k|ltlalDat ug'{k5{ .

) sDo'lgi6;"u ldNg x'"b}g eGg] dt @)$* ;fnb]lv cfO g} /x]sf] 5 .

sDo'lgi6;"u, /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{;"u g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{;"u ;xsfo{ ug{ x'G5 ls x'"b}g o;nfO{ d'2f agfpg} x'"b}g . ljifo agfpg'kg]{ s'/f t cfGbf]ngsf] d'Vo d'2f / nIo xf] . cfGbf]ng nf]stGq, nf]stflGqs d"No k4lt / tL ;+:yfx¿sf nflu xf] . of] k|i6 ePkl5 dfcf]jfbL g} cfp"5 eg] klg To;nfO{ /f]Sg x'"b}g . @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ng klg jL=kL=sf] dfGotf aflx/ uPsf] lyPg . jL=kL=n] t c:ki6 s'/fdf jfdx¿sf] ;xof]udf cfGbf]lnt x'g' x'"b}g eGg'ePsf] lyof] . xfdLn] ax'bnLo k|hftGq / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] dfGotfdf /xL cfGbf]ng ug{ eGgf;fy, To;df hf] hf] ;dy{g ug{ cfP, ltgnfO{ ;fy lnP/ cfGbf]ng eof] . /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldlt t To;df ;xefuL ePg lg † To;a]nf jfddf]rf{ ;fd]n eof] . h;n] cfkm"nfO{ ¿kfGt/0f u¥of] . sf+u|];n] u0f]zdfg l;+xsf] sDkfp08df a;]/ cfGbf]ng 3f]if0ff u¥of] . ToxL cfP/ jfddf]rf{sf g]tfx¿n] k|lta4tf hgfpg'eof] df3 % ut]sf] efif0fdf . sf+u|];n] cf/De u/]sf] / ;a}n] :ynut sfo{ut Pstf u/]sf] cfGbf]ngdf cfkm"nfO{ nf]stflGqs kl/kf6Ldf ¿kfGt/0f ug{ cfPsf] jfddf]rf{nfO{ cnu kf/]/ x]g{ h¿/L ePg . xfdLn] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] ¿kdf ;xefuLsf] ¿kdf lnof}+ . cGtl/d ;/sf/ agfp"bf / ;+ljwfg agfp"bf ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf ;xofqLsf ¿kdf xfdLn] Jojxf/ u¥of}+ . oyfy{df eg] Tof] sf+u|];n] cf/De u/]/ jfddf]rf{n] ;dy{g u/]/ ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] ¿kdf ljsl;t e} ;kmn ePsf] cfGbf]ng lyof] Tof] . casf] cfGbf]ngdf lxhf] k|ltlglw;efdf k|ltlglwTj gePsf sDo'lgi6x¿nfO{ klg Ph]08fn] cfslif{t u/]/ lng ;Sg'kb{5 . dfcf]jfbLx¿ klg k""hLjfbL nf]stGq s} k"0f{tfsf] nflu sfd u5f}{+ eg]/ cfPsf 5g\ . o;df pgLx¿ k|ltj4 5g\ eg] ;dy{g ug{ kfp"5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ lsg ;fy glng] < of] pgLx¿sf] :ki6tf / OdfGbfl/tfdf e/kg]{ s'/f xf] .

) t/ sf+u|];af6} rf]Ol6Psf] b]pjf ;d"xnfO{ tkfO{+x¿n] lng'ePg < cfGbf]ngsf a]nfdf cfkm\gf] ;+Vof a9fpg'kg]{ xf]Og <

sDo'lgi6x¿nfO{ ;fydf lng] t/ nf]stGqjfbL zlQmx¿nfO{ ;fydf glng] k|Zg} cfp"b}g . sf+u|];sf ;efklt :jo+n] g} æcfGbf]ngnfO{ ;dy{g ug]{x¿ ;a} cfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL x'g ;S5g\Æ eGg] s'/f :ki6 kfl/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . t/, Jojxfl/s / cfGtl/s ;d:ofn] ubf{ b]pjf ;d"xsf] ;DaGw cK7\of/f]df k/]sf] 5 . sf+u|];sf] ljZn]if0f s] 5 eg], b]zsf] clxn]sf] kl/l:ylt ;[hgf ug{df lghL ¿kdf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] u/]sf uNtLx¿sf] klg e"ldsf 5 . pxf"n] uNtL u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ cfTd;ft gu/L k'gM To:tf] uNtL x'"b}g eGg ;lsb}+g . c¿af6 To:tf uNtL ePsf 5}gg\ . pxf"n] cfkm"n] a'xdt bfjL ul//x]sf] ;+:yf ;+;bLo bndf ax; gu/fO Psf+sL 9+udf pxf"n] h'g uNtL ug'{ef], To;sf] l5gf]kmfgf] x'g'k5{ . pxf" cfkm" :ki6 x'g'ef] eg] cfGbf]ngsf Ph]08fdf ;xdlt hgfpg'ef] eg], c¿ cfPsf 7fp"df pxf" cfpg g;Sg] eGg] k|Zg} cfp"b}g . Tof] af6f] pxf"nfO{ v'nf x'g'k¥of] .

) clxn] /fhf 56kl6Psf] h:tf] b]lvG5 < tLy{ofqfb]lv b'|tultsf] e]63f6 <

aflx/ b]lvPsf s]xL s'/fnfO{ x]/]/ dfq} s;}sf] cfGtl/s 56k6Lsf] dfkg ug{ ;lsb}+g . t Oltxf; ;To s'/f 5, hgtf / /fhfaLr åGå x'"bf /fhf 56\k6fpg' k/]sf] 5 . 56\k6fpg'kb{5 . To;}n] o;nfO{ ;do d} cf"sng ug'{ /fh;+:yfsf] klg eljiosf] nflu h¿/L 5 . t/, clxNo} s;}sf] cfGtl/s d"Nof+sg ug{ ;lsb}+g .

) /fhf;"usf] xfnsf] åGå s] eP ;'lN6G5 <

;a}eGbf klxn] t hgtfsf k|ltlglw ePsf]n] kf6L{x¿ g} o;df :ki6 x'g'k5{ . kf6L{x¿n] /fhfsf] e"ldsf / ;Ldf s] rfxG5g\ Tof] k|i6 ePkl5 /fhf;"u ;Djfb x'g;S5 . cfkm\gf Ph]08fx¿ ePgg\ eg] e]63f6 dfq} x'G5, ;Djfb x'"b}g . Pssf{sf s'/fx¿ a'lemb}+gg\ . kf6L{x¿n] b[li6sf]0f;lxt /fhf;"u ;Djfbg ug{ ;s] ;dembf/Laf6} of] åGå ;dfKt ug{ ;lsG5 .

csf]{ pkfo eg]sf] >L % sf] :j]R5f klg xf] . /fhfaf6 a]nf a]nfdf x's'd x'G5, PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] . @)$^ ;fndf aL;f}+ ztfAbLsf] ;Gbe{df /fhf jL/]Gb|;"u ;Demf}tf ePsf] xf] . clxn]sf] ;dembf/L Tof] eGbf cu|ufdL x'g'k5{ . lsgsL of] PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] k|f/De xf] / tLj|tfsf ;fy ;+;f/ kl/jt{g ePsf] 5, To;nfO{ xfdLn] cfTd;ft t ug}}{ kb{5 lg †

) %) jif{sf] Oltxf; s]nfp"bf /fhf / kf6L{aLrsf] emu8fsf] cGt/lglxt sf/0f s] xf] <

/fh;+:yfnfO{ ;Ddfg eGbf zlQmsf] ef]s af/Daf/ hfu[t ePsf] 5 . To;n] ubf{ /fh;+:yfsf] dfGotf s;/L k|a4{g eof], To;nfO{ x]bf{ klg ;+j}wflgs eP/ a:bf hgtfn] ;Ddfg ubf{ /x]5g\ eGg] a'lemG5 / /fh;+:yfsf] u/Ldf / dof{bfdf p"rf] x'ghfG5 . hgtfdfly ljZjf; ubf{ ;Ddfg a9\5 . t/ zlQmsf] s'/f ubf{ åGå z'¿ e}xfN5 . lsgsL hgtf eg]sf] klg zlQm xf] . b'O{ zlQm ePkl5 6s/fj ;'¿ x'G5 . hgtf lg/Lx x'"bf /fhfsf] zlQm k|d'v x'G5 . t/ hgtf eg]sf] 9+'uf]n] ldr]sf] b'af] xf], hf] ldlrg ;S5, db}{g . Tof] ch]o 5, clnslt v'nfkg kfpgf;fy Tof] hfu[t x'G5 . Oltxf;n] af/Daf/ kf7 t l;sfO/x]sf] 5 . t/ dfG5]sf] :jefj g} To:tf] 5 ls, cfkm}+ gJoxf]l/sg Oltxf;af6 lzIff lnb}+g . /fhfsf] klg ToxL cj:yf xf] ls †

) of] cfGbf]ng 3'sL{df dfq ;Lldt geP/ oyfy{ d} k'U5 t <

o;sf] aLhfwfg 3'sL{af6} ePsf] xf] . o;df cem} klg 3'sL{sf] c+zx¿ 5g\ . h;nfO{ bjfj klg elgG5 . t/ nIo ls6fg e};s]kl5 s;}sf c;Gtf]if, 3'sL{ jf cfu|x eP klg tL ;a}nfO{ ;d]6]/ Psd'i6 agfP/ n}hfG5 .

jftf{

) cfGbf]ngsf/L ‘jftf{ e"8'jf’ sf] cf/f]k nfu]sf] 5 . tkfO{+x¿n] rfx] jftf{ ef"l8G5 <

dnfO{ s'g} klg xfntdf To:tf] nfUb}g . tYon] klg b]vfp"5 . jftf{ ef"l8g' klg kb}{g . ef"8\g vf]h]sf] klg s;}n] 5}g . o'4lj/fd ePkl5 tLgdlxgf;Dd kf6L{x¿n] k|ltIff u/]/ a;]sf 5g\ . kf6L{x¿n] tLg dlxgf cufl8 g} cfGbf]ngsf] cjwf/0ff agfO;s]sf x'g\ . Tof] cjwf/0ff :jLs[lt ePkl5 o'4lj/fd ePsf] xf] . o'4lj/fdnfO{ ;sf/fTds ¿kdf u|x0f ub}{ cfGbf]ng /f]s]s} 5g\ . tLg dlxgf eg]sf] nfdf] ;do xf] . of] ;dofjlwdf dfcf]jfbLsf Ph]08fx¿ k|i6 ¿kdf cfpg'kg]{ / To;k|lt ;/sf/sf b[li6sf]0fx¿ k|i6 ¿kdf cfpg'kg]{ lyof] . t/ To;nfO{ klg ljleGg gfddf cNdNofOof] . o'4lj/fd;"u} cfrf/;+lxtf hf/L ul/g'kg]{df, cfrf/;+lxtf agfpg} Ps÷8]9 dlxgf nfUg] kl/l:ylt agfpg', jftf{df a:g cg]s Jojwfg / cj/f]w ;[hgf ug'{sf k5fl8 kf6L{x¿nfO{ cjh; lbg] lgot t 5}g < eGg] z+sf pAh]sf] 5 . ha ha kf6L{x¿ :ki6 b[li6sf]0f lnP/ cufl8 hfg vf]H5g\ . ltgnfO{ /f]Sg jftf{nfO{ cfsf/ lbg vf]lhG5 . st} jftf{ kf6L{x¿n] cNdNofpg] ;fwg dfq} t alg/x]sf] 5}g < k|Zg t Toxf" klg p7]sf] 5 .

ha låkIfLo jftf{df kf6L{x¿sf] pl:ylt 5}g eg] kf6L{x¿n] s;/L jftf{ ef"8\5g\ < jftf{ ef"l8P b'O{y/L aGb'swf/LaLrs} dtdtfGt/n] ef"l8G5 . Pssf{sf] cl:tTj :jLsfg]{ u/L jftf{df x'g] n]gb]gaf6 dfcf]jfbLsf] xltof/aGb ljb|f]x ;fDo xf];\ To;sf] sfdgf ;a}n] u/]s} 5g\ . ca /x\of] kf6L{x¿n] p7fPsf cfkm\gf ;/f]sf/sf ljifox¿ . 7"nf] hgfwf/ ePsf, nfdf] ;+3if{sf k[i7e"Ld ePsf kf6L{x¿n] cfkm"n] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;fj{ef}dhgtfsf ;/f]sf/sf d'2fx¿ p7fpg gkfpg] < t];|f] kIf cg'kl:yt 5 eGb}df, pgsf ;/f]sf/sf ljifonfO{ pk]Iff ug{ kfOG5 / < @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngsf pknAwLsf] /Iffsf] s'/f To;}n] kf6L{x¿n] p7fPsf 5g\ . x}g, ;+;bLo kf6L{nfO{ pk]Iff ug]{ xf] eg] cfGbf]ngsf/Ln] p7fPsf s'/fnfO{ ;+o'Qm ¿kn] ;fdgf ug{ k¥of] † cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿n] NofPsf Ph]08fn] t of] jftf{nfO{ l56f] lgisif{df k'¥ofpg ;3fp"5 .

) dfcf]jfbLx¿ ;+;bLo kf6L{x¿ lj¿4 vlgg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <

dfcf]jfbL t aGb"s dfly ljZjf; u/]/ lx+8]sf] zlQm g xf] . To;nfO{ :ylut u/]/ v'nf eP/ hgtfaLr hf"bf hldgsf] oyfy{ ha pgLx¿n] a'em], k|lt:kwf{ ug'{kg]{ dxz'; eof] . k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ qmddf cfPsf oL cleJolQm x'g\ .

) jftf{ sxf";Dd hfnf <

tof/L s;/L e}/x]sf] 5, To;df e/k5{ . dfcf]jfbLsf s]xL egfOx¿ ;fj{hlgs e};s]sf 5g\ . lj:t[t :j¿k cfpg af"sL eP klg zLif{s atfO;s]sf 5g\ . Toltsf e/df klg kof{Kt tof/L ug{ ;lsG5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ jftf{ lsg kl/0ffddf k'u]g eg] pgLx¿ k|i6 / OdfGbf/ eP/ k|:t't ePgg\ . jftf{dfly k"0f{t ljZjf; klg /x]g5 . Toltv]/ t /fHosf] g]t[Tj lng] k|wfgdGqL g} klg dfcf]jfbL;"u s'g a"'bfdf ;Demf}tf ug]{ eGg] s'/fdf :ki6 x'g'x'Gy]g . o;sf] /fhgLlts :j¿k 5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ pxf"n] cfTd;ft u/]sf] b]lvPg . pxf"n] a9L cfly{s, ;fdflhs ljsf;sf s'/fx¿sf] dfWodaf6} o;nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ljZjf; lng'ef] . Tof] ;f]rfOsf] kl/0ffd xf]nf, pxf"n] cu|ufdL e"ld;'wf/ / ;fdflhs ;'wf/sf sfo{qmd 3f]lift ug'{ef] . dfcf]jfbLsf] ;d:of ;Daf]wg ug'{sf] ;f6f] pgn] p7fPsf ljifonfO{ ;dfwfg u/]/ pgLx¿nfO{ sdhf]/ agfpg] xNsf /0fgLlt rfNg'ef] . ;dfwfg ePsf] eP To;sf] >]o pxf"nfO{ To;} klg cfp"Yof] lg † hasL jftf{df cfp"bf pgLx¿n] xfd|f] d"n dfu /fhgLlts xf], To;sf] 6'+uf] gnfuL c¿ s'/f ug'{ ;fGble{s 5}g eGg] lnlvt egfOsf;fy cfPsf lyP . t/, Tof] uDeL/tfnfO{ k|wfgdGqLn] a'em\g'ePg . JolQmut :t/df JolQmut tj/af6 o;sf] ;dfwfg ug]{ k|oTgdf pxf"n nfUg'ef] . o;nfO{ /fhgLlts x}g . cfly{s, ;fdflhs 9+uaf6 6'+Uofpg ;lsG5 eGg]df pxf" nfUg'ef] . pxf" k|lqmofdf hfg} rfxg'ePg . cfrf/;+lxtf s'/f ePgg\ . df}lvs ;dembf/Ldf ;a} s'/f 6'+UofOlbg'eof] . JolQmut ;dembf/L sfod ePkl5 To;nfO{ cf}krfl/stf lbg] sfd jftf{sf/n] ug'{k5{ eGg] 9+un] pxf"n] w]/} s'/f jftf{sf/;"u} klg z]o/ ug'{ePg . ;j{bnLo a}7snfO{ klg pxf"n] lg0f{osf nflu eGbf lzi6rf/sf nflu pkof]u ug{ vf]Hg'ef] . k|lqmof / ljifonfO{ u|x0f ug{ ;/sf/ klg uDeL/ gePsf] xf] . clxn] h:tf] /fhgLlts bn / gful/s ;dfhsf] ;xof]u lnPsf] 5, To;/L cfPsf] eP Toltv]/ s]xL x'g ;SYof] . sdhf]/L b'j}lt/af6 eP .

) of] cfGbf]ngn] hgtfnfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg agfPsf] 5 ls ljlxg <

o;n] clwsf/ :yflkt u5{÷ub}{g x]g'{ 5 . t/ xfn;Dd o;n] ;txd'lg /x]sf] åGå ;txdf NofOlbof] . o;sf] ;fdfYo{ Tolt g} xf] . j}rfl/s jf bfz{lgs lx;fan] o;n] k'/fgf] ljrf/sf] k|ltlglwTj u5{ h'g aL;f}+ ztfAbLdf /fd|f];"u k|of]u u/L c;kmnl;4 e};s]sf] 5 . o;n] ;d:of phfu/ ug{;S5, ;dfwfg lbg ;Sb}g eGg] ¿;, k"jL{ o'/f]k / rLg htftt} b]lvPsf] 5 . ;d:ofnfO{ x]g{, ;'Gg, b]Vg grfxg]x¿nfO{ cufl8 ;d:of ha/h:tL NofOlbg' o;sf] pknAwL xf] . x/]s If]qnfO{ cfkm\gf ;d:of x]g{, /fhgLlts kf6L{nfO{ cfkm\gf k|yfldstfdf x]/km]/ ug{ o;n] afWo agfPsf] 5 . t/, o;sf] ;dfwfg pgLx¿;"u 5}g, g xltof/;"u 5, g bz{g;"u 5 . &÷* xhf/dfG5]sf] ef}lts ;dflKt e};s]kl5 k'/fg} ljGb'af6 ;dfwfg vf]Hg'sf] oyfy{ klg olx xf] .

) ca dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf/Lsf] lsQfdf cfpnfg\ ls /fhfsf] lsQfdf hfnfg\ <

pgLx¿sf] hgdf]rf{sf tkm{af6 k|:t't ul/Psf $) ;"qLo dfu x'g\ . dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] tkm{af6 cfPsf] cf}krfl/s dfu eg]sf @)%* ;fndf jftf{sfaf6 cfPsf #! ;"qLo dfux¿ x'g\ . h;df kf"rj6f tTsfnLg jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{, tLg d'Vo /fhgLlts d'2f / @# j6f hg;/f]sf/sf d'2f lyP . o;nfO{ g} clxn];Ddsf] pgLx¿sf] cf}krfl/s ;fj{hlgs lj:t[t Ph]08f eGg'kb{5 . clxn]sf] cfPsf] &% ;"qLo sfo{qmdnfO{ r} pgLx¿n] hgjfbL /fHo;Qf sfod ePkl5 ug]{ bL3{sfnLg Ph]08f eg]sf 5g\ . jt{dfg /fHo;QfnfO{ Wj+z ubf{ gof" hgjfbL /fHo;Qf :yfkgf ug]{ p2]Zo ;fy k|f/De ePsf] hgo'4nfO{ lj;fP/ k""hLjfbL /fHo;QfnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg] gfddf h;/L pgLx¿ cfP, of] kl/jt{gsf] ;}4flGts ljZn]if0f / kl/jt{gkl5sf] k|fyldstf / d"n ljifosf af/]df pgLx¿n] sxL atfPsf 5}gg\ . oBlk k|s[ofsf ¿kdf uf]nd]r a}7s, cGtl/s ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;ef ;fl/Psf] 5 . oL ljifodf lsg / s;/L k'Ug] eGg] s'/f k|i6 cfPkl5 dfq} pgLx¿;"u ;xsfo{ ug]{ ls, ;+o'Qm df]rf{ ug]{ ls ;dembf/L dfq} /fVg] To;kl5 dfq} x'G5 . clxn] jftf{df Ph]08f ;/]kl5 s'g ;Qfdf /xG5g\, Tof] eGg ;lsG5 <

) dfcf]jfbLx¿ oltv]/ g} jftf{df cfpg'sf] sf/0f <

cfGbf]ngsf] ;Ldf / zlQmnfO{ pgLx¿n] a'em]sf] x'g'k5{ h'g :jefljs xf] To;kl5 ljkIfLsf] zlQmsf] cfsng ul/G5 . ljkIfL zlQm pgsf nflu cK7\of/f] 5 . ljkIfL zlQm /fhfsf] ;/sf/ xf] of ;+;bLo kf6LLx¿ Û !* c;f]hkl5 ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ /fhfn] lnP/ rnfO/x]sf] kl/l:yltdf k|ljlws ;Demf]}tf ug{ kbf{ /fhf pko'Qm kfq aGg] l:ylt pgLx¿n] b]v] . /fhfjfbL /fhgLlts bnx¿n] /fhfsf] lj/f]w u/]/ /fhf sdhf]/L ePsf] a]nf ;Demf}tf ubf{ a9L kfpg] wfld{s ;+:s[lt / !* c;f]hkl5 /fhgLlt cfj/0f klg x6]sf] cj:yfdf /fhf;"u s'/f ug{ ;lhnf] x'g] pgLx¿n] 7fg] xf]nfg . /, ;+;bLobnx¿ kfvf kfl/Psf]n] hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj xfdL cfkm}+ u5f}+ eg]/ e|d pgnfO{ k¥of] xf]nf . t/ o'4lj/fd u/L aflx/ cfPkl5 pgsf] e|d 6'6]sf] x'g'k5{ .

oyfy{df /fhfdf ;w}+e/LnfO{ ;a} zlQm uPsf] 5}g . zlQmsf] ;|f]t hgtf g} xf], hgtf;"u} zlQm x'G5 . hgtf ;+ul7t / ;'b[9 x'"b} uPkl5 To;nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug}{kg]{ x'G5 .

) /fhf;"usf] ;f"7uf"7 <

/fhf / dfcf]jfbaLrdf cfTdLo / ;}4flGts ;xsfo{ ;Dej 5}g . c¿ kf6L{x¿sf] e"ldsfnfO{ Go"gLs[t ug{sf] nflu ldn]sf] x'g;S5 . !* c;f]hkl5 /fhfsf] cfsf+Iff d'v/eof] / dfcf]jfbL t k|lt:kwL{ bn e}xfNof] . /fhf;"u ;dembf/L u/]/ yk k|flKt ug{ ;S5 eg] To;nfO{ :jefljs / rt'/tfk"0f{ dfGg'k5{ . t/ /fhfsf] OR5f @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgn] lbPsf] clwsf/n] gk'u]/ yKg], ToxL clwsf/n] /fhfnfO{ lg/+s'z agfof] To;nfO{ sdhf]/ kfg'{k5{ eGg] dfcf]jfbLaLr g ;}4flGts tfnd]n ;Dej 5, g Jojxfl/s . /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿k|lt slxn]sflx+ s]xLn] JoQm u/]sf] cfqmf]znfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ logsf] pkfb]otf, zfv l;l4of] eGg] lgisif{sf cfwf/df o;f] ul/Psf] eP Tof] t e|d x'g;S5 . Tof] w]/} lbg /x"b}g .

) ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{df To;nfO{ kl/0ffddf k'¥ofpg cfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmsf] s] e"ldsf x'g;S5 <

pgLx¿n] eGg ;Sg'k¥of], ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr jftf{ eP/ lx+;fk"0f{ ljb|f]xsf] cGTo xf];\ . t/, Tof] cGTo ug]{ qmddf hgtfsf ;/f]sf/sf oL oL ljifox¿nfO{ pk]Iff ug{ kfpg] 5}g eg]/ . k|fljlws ¿kn] jftf{df cfGbf]ngsf/L 5g\ eGg ldNb}g, t/ ltgn] s'g d"No k4lt, dfGotf, hgclwsf/sf] k|ltlglwTj ub{5g\, Tof] ;fj{hlgs ug'{k¥of] . @)$& ;fnsf] Ps ;+ljwfg lgdf{tfn] hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qf dfq} ckl/jt{gLo xf] c¿ kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsG5 eGg'ePsf] 5 . To;df cfGbf]ngsf/Lsf] b[li6sf]0f s] xf] < @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngn] eGbf yk pknAwL s]df Nofpg] xf] Tof] klg ;fj{hlgs ug'{k¥of] . ToxL ljrf/ Ph]08fsf] ;t{n] g} jftf{df cfGbf]ngsf/Lsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{5 .

) of] jftf{sf] ;Ldf s] xf] <

e}/x]sf] ;z:q ljb|f]xnfO{ cGTo u/L /fhgLlts d"nwf/df Nofpg] . o;df ;a}sf] ;xdlt /xG5 . leGg} 9+usf] ;dfwfg vf]Hg] xf] eg] cfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmsf] ;xeflutf rflxG5 . kl/0ffddf k'¥ofpg t vfsf agfP/ b[li6sf]0f agfOlbg ;S5g\ . jftf{sf/n] To;nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug'{k5{ . lsgsL To;nfO{ lgu/fgL ug]{ hgtf x'g, hf] ;jf]{Rr zlQm klg .

) dfcf]jfbL h+un kms{nfg\ <

pgLx¿;"u ePsf] Psb'O{ e]6sf cfwf/df s'g} b[li6sf]0f agfpg ;lsGg . t/, h+un kms{g] s'/f pgLx¿sf] k|fyldstf ;"lrsf] clGtddf 5 . ;}4flGts ¿kn] To;nfO{ x6fPsf 5}gg\ . t/ Jojxfl/s ¿kdf To;tkm{ kms{g gk/f];\ eGg] pgLx¿sf] rfxgf 5 ls †

) of] cGof}n / jftf{sf] cj:yf l;+uf] /fi6« slt~h]n /xg ;S5 < /fhfn] /fi6«sf] eljio x]g]{ ls nfe xfgL <

/fhfnfO{ cfGtl/s, afx\o ;a}lt/af6 ;dy{g eof] eg] klg !* c;f]hsf] ! jif{ eGbf of] l:ylt sfod /xg ;Sb}g . kl/l:ylt klg kl/jt{gzLn 5 ls !* c;f]h / cfh bnx¿k|lt /fv]sf] b[li6sf]0f, /fhfk|lt /fv]sf ck]Iff / kfPsf] oyfy{ w]/} km/s 5 .

) kf6L{sf] wf/0ff gcfp"b} tkfO{+ d'v/ eP/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] kIfdf b]lvg'ePsf] 5, sf/0f <

;+ljwfg;ef g]fnL sf+u|];sf nflu gf}nf] ljifo xf]Og . xfdLn] yGSofPsf lyof}+ . kl/l:yltn] o;nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg'kg]{ cj:yf Nofof] . xfdLn] k'gM pb\3f6g dfq u/]sf] xf] .

kf6L{n] s'g} lg0f{o lng' k"j{ Toxf" ljrf/ pTkGg x'G5 . k|jfx x'G5 . ax; x'G5 . clg dfq lg0f{o ul/G5 . clxn] sf+u|];leq of] ljifodf ax; e}/x]sf] 5 . kf6L{sf z'e]R5's / ;dy{sx¿aLr klg of] ljifo ax;sf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 . of] ax; cufl8 a9f];\ / kf6L{ o;sf nflu tof/ xf];\ eGg] ;fyLx¿ kf6L{df y'k|} x'g'x'G5 . d}n] w]/} af]n]sf]df cufl8 b]lvP x'"nf t/ of] ljrf/ a8f txb]lv s]Gb| tx;Dd k'u]sf] 5 . ax; ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu ug]{ dfcf]jfbL jftf{df cfPsf] df}sf k/]sf]n] p;sf egfOsf] :ki6tf klg o;nfO{ lg0f{odf k'¥ofpgsf nflu ;xof]uL x'g]5 . pgLx¿sf cgf}krfl/s ultljlwn] of] Ph]08f 5f]8]sf] xf] ls eGg] cj:yf klg ;[hgf ePsf]n] of] ;+ljwfgnfO{ ;'wf/]/ ljsf; ug]{ af6f] cj¿4 eP zt{ /lxt ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg xfdL tof/ epsf] hfgsf/L kf6L{ ;efkltn] g} lbg'ePsf] 5 . !* c;f]hsf] 36gfnfO{ %) jif{sf] cg'ejsf] s;Ldf s]nfp"bf /fh;+:yfsf] af/]df Pp6f 6'+uf]df k'Ug'kg]{ b]lvof] . of] ljjfbnfO{ hgtfsf] ;xeflutfdf 6'+Uofpg'k5{ . sf+u|]; dfq} /fh;+:yfnfO{ cfkm\gf] k'/fgf] b[li6sf]0faf6 af]Sg' h¿/L 5}g . hgtfjf6} 6'uf] nufpg' k5{ eg]/ nufOPsf] xf] . xfd|f] cfGbf]ng hgtfdf hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{e}]d;Qf kmsf{pg / :yfloTj lbgnfO{ ePsf] 5 . @)%( c;f]h !& df k'¥ofP/ Tof] k'g:yflkt x'g ;Sb}g . gof" 9+uaf6 k'g:yflkt ug'{kb{5 . To;}df e/kbf]{ dfWod ;+ljwfg ;ef xf]. o;sf] ljsNkdf NNofOPsf cGo pkfox¿ 6'+uf] k'¥ofpg lbOG5 eGg] s'/fsf] s'g} Uof/]G6L 5}g . o;}n] ;+ljwfg;ef h¿/L ePsf] xf] .

) /fhfnfO{ t;f{pg] c:q dfq} t xf]Og <

of] pkrf/sf] ¿kdf NofOPsf] xf] . t;f{pg] 9+un] k|of]u ePs} 5}g, eGg ;lsG5 . zlQm cfh{g ug]{ /fhgLltdf t;f{pg] bafa lbg] s'/fx¿ klg kb{5 . t/ k|s[of / k4lts} ¿kdf To;df k|j]z ug{ kb{5 .

) clxn] ;+ljwfg;efdf hf"bf u0ftGqfTds ;+ljwfg aGg] ;+efjgf slt 5 <

d'n'sdf u0ftGqsf] jLpm /f]lkof] . Tof] cu|ufdL klg 5 . u0ftGqn] ;+ljwfg;efdf dxTj kfp"b}g eGg] s'/fsf] b[li6sf]0fn] lgwf{/0f unf{ . t/ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] 3f]if0fff ePkl5 To;kl5 x'g] bnx¿n] lgwf{/0f u5{, /fh;+:yf /fVof] g} eg] klg >Lk]r nufPsf] u0ftGq cfpg]5 . u0ftGqsf] e"ldsfnfO{ gL:t]h kfg{ /fhtGq, >Lk]r nufPsf] u0ftGqdf ;Lldt x'g /fhL x'g'k5{ . lsgls toxf" /fhtGqdf u0ftGqsf] ljrf/ k|jn x'G5 . Tof] jx;n] lgwf{/0f ug]{ xf] .

) ToxL hfg klg Tof] ;+ljwfgsf] ;b\ut u/]/, ;+ljwfg;efsf] 3f]if0ff ug{ k¥of] < Tof] s;n] ug]{ < /fhfn] gldNg]÷;+;b 5}g <

;+ljwfg;efdf hfg /fhf tof/ geP cfGbf]ngn] afWo kfg'{k¥of] . tof/ eP t pkfo hlt klg x'G5 . ;dem\bf/L ug]{ ;Gbe{df pkfox¿ vf]lhG5 . x}g eg] ;+3if{ g} ug'{k¥of] . afwo agfpg' k¥of] . To;df klg pkfo / af6f 5g\ . clxn] ;dem\bf/Lsf ¿kdf ldng ljGb'sf ¿kdf nu] x'G5 . k|ltlglw;ef 5}g / /fli6«o ;efaf6 u/] x'G5 lg Û

) ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj x'g] 3f]if0ff eof] eg] ;]gf, k'ln;n] r'gfj} x'g lbGg eG5g <

Tof] hf]lvd ;]gf–k|x/Lsf] x}g, /fhfs} xf] . ;]gf k|x/L /fhfk|lt jkmfbf/ eP o;df /fhfsf] dfq} bf]if gx'g ;S5 . hgtfsf k|ltlglwn] cfkm"k|lt agfpg ;s]sf] ePklg x'GYof] lg . ;lx cy{df hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfssf] cDof; ub]{} uPsf] eP pglx¿ Tot} akmfbf/ x'g] lyP . !)$ jif{ ;Dd ;]gf k|wfgdGqLk|lt jkmfbf/ lyP . To; cufl8 /fhfk|lt lyP . To;df klg ef/bf/aLr ;Qfsf] af"8kmf8 s;/L x'GYof] ToxL cfwf/df ;]gf afl8GYof] . ;]gf eg]sf] zlQmsf] k|lts xf] . zlQm s;/L af"l8G5, ToxL cfwf/df pm jkmfbf/ x'G5 . To;}n] zlQmnfO{ Psflqt ug]{ s'/fsf] 6'+uf] nfu] of] To;} ;'lN6G5 .

) clxn] cfGbf]ng/t kf6L{x¿ slt ;dokl5 ;+ljwfg;ef / u0ftGqdf cf]n{G5g\ <

l56f] ;+ljwfg;efdf k'Ugsf nflu dfcf]jfbL ;d"xn] k|i6¿kn] nf]stflGqs k|s[ofdf hfg] :ki6 cleJolQm ;lxtsf] b[li6sf]0f NofP, o;n] ult lnG5 . pgLx¿n] /0fgLlt 9+un] cNdNofpg vf]h] of] s'/fsf] l5gf]kmfgf] l56f] x'"b}g . cfGbf]ngn] ult ln+b}uPkl5 jftf{n] :ki6 lng] u5{ . of Tof] cNdlnP/ e+u x'G5 jf 6'+luG5 . /fhfn] w]/} ;do;Dd c8\ofO/fv] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] Ph]08fdf kf6L{x¿ hfg] cj:yf x'G5 . To;eGbf cufl8 u0ftGq;Dd hfg ;S5 . cfGbf]ng k|f/De ePkl5 t'¿Gt} dTy/ x'"b}g .

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