sf7df08f}+, >fj0f !* @)^)

cg'ej cGtjftf{

/fh;+:yf ;fdGtL Joj:yfsf] cjz]if xf]

g/xl/ cfrfo{, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o, g]kfnL sf+u|];

-g]kfnL sf+u|]; leq s'zn jQmfsf] ?kdf lnOg] g/xl/ cfrfo{ b/jf/sf af/]df km/s dt /fv] jfkt s'g} a]nf PlDnPsf cfrfo{sf] nfOgdf clxn] g]kfnL sf+u|]; dfq} xf]Og, % bn g} nfu]sf 5g\ . s]Gb|Lo ;b:o cfrfo{;"u b]zfGt/sf k|d'v ;+jfbbftf afa'/fd cof{nn] ;/sf/ dfcf]jfbL jftf{, ;]gf, b/jf/ h:tf ljifox?df s]lGb|t /xL s'/fsfgL ug'{ePsf] lyof] . k|:t't 5 s'/fsfgLsf] d"n c+zM_

) ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL kq bf]xf]/Ln] s] cy{ nfU5 <

o;af6 b'j} kIf uDeL/tf;"u jftf{df k'Ug g;s]sf] b]lvG5 . To;df klg clxn]sf] ;/sf/ kIfdf eg] /fhfsf] ;lqmotf ljBdfg 5 . To;n] dfcf]jfbLn] p7fPsf ljifox¿nfO{ /fd|f];"u ;Daf]wg ug{sf lgldQ cfkm"nfO{ j}rfl/s ¿kn] tof/ ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . To;}n] kqdfkm{t\sf] o'4 Ps k|sf/sf] zLto'4 xf] . o;sf] d'Vo sf/0f dfcf]jfbLn] p7fPsf sf/0fk|lt /fHo kIfsf] b[li6sf]0f g/xg', cndn / b'ljwfdf x'g' g} xf] . oBlk clxn] pgLx¿ jftf{df a:g ;xdt ePsf 5g\ .

) ;/sf/sf k|To'Q/x¿ x]bf{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ lgsf; lbg gvf]h]sf] h:tf] b]lvPsf] xf] <

/fHo Ps k|sf/sf] Jojxfl/s b'ljwfdf 5 . /, dfcf]jfbLx¿ ;}4flGts b'ljwfdf 5g\ . b'j} b'ljwfdf ePsf] sf/0fn] s;}n] s;}nfO{ lgsf; lbg vf]h]sf 5}gg\ . dfcf]jfbLn] /fhf;"u s'/f ug'{5 t/ pgLx¿ /fhfsf] af/]df :ki6 egfO /fVg ;Sb}gg\ . /fhfsf] af/]df clxn] s]xL geGbf /fhf;"u jftf{ cufl8 a9\g ;Sb}g . s'/f /fhf;"u ug{ vf]Hg] / /fhgLlts l:ylt / e"ldsfsf] af/]df pgLx¿n] s]xL eGg ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ .

/fHosf] b'ljwf rflx" s] xf] eg] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg u5'{ eGg] t/ dfcf]jfbLn] p7fPsf 7"nf s'/f t k/} hfcf];\ pgLx¿n] /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿;"u ;d]t ;dembf/L ljsl;t ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbLn] p7fPsf d'2fx¿df ;Daf]wg ug{;Sg] Jofjxfl/s Pj+ ;}4flGts x}l;ot ;d]t 5}g . pgLx¿sf] ¿lr klg 5}g .

) o:tf] l:yltdf jftf{sf] cf}lrTottf s] t <

clxn]sf] jftf{ cfkm}+df cf}lrToxLg geP klg jftf{ cfjZos 5, lx+;fsf] cGTo h¿/L 5 . To;sf lglDt jftf{ cfjZos 5 . jftf{nfO{ cf}lrTo / k"0f{ agfpgsf nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/x¿ k"/f gubf{ jftf{sf] cf}lrTo gb]lvPsf] xf] . jftf{ cfkm}+df cf}lrToxLg ePsf] eg] xf]Og . /fhgLlts bnx¿n] jftf{sf] cfjZostf 7fgL jftf{sf nflu h'g 9Ë / tof/L k|:t't e}/fv]sf] 5 To;nfO{ t kf6L{x¿n] cfnf]rgf u/]sf g} 5g\ . To;af6 jftf{nfO{ ltdLx¿ 6'Ëf]df k'¥ofpg ;Sb}gf}" eg]/ ;/sf/nfO{ k6s–k6s eg]sf 5g\ .

) clxn] h'g bfo/fdf a;]/ jftf{ ul/Psf] 5, To;af6 dfcf]jfbLx¿n] p7fPsf d'2fx¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;lsG5 <

clxn]sf] h:tf] jftf{af6 dfcf]jfbLn] p7fPsf d'2fx¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;ls"b}g . To;}n] /fhgLlts bnx¿n] cfkm\gf] !* a'"b] sfo{qmd NofP . /fhgLlts bnx¿ jftf{df ;fd]n ePgg\ eg]/ Ps y/Lsf dfG5]x¿ eG5g\ . t/, pgLx¿ 6]a'ndf dfq} g;a]sf x'g\, jftf{df ;fd]n e};s]sf 5g\ . kf6L{x¿n] Ph]08f ;fj{hlgs ug'{sf] dtna pgLx¿n] cfkm\gf] b[li6sf]0fnfO{ /fv]/ casf] /fhgLlts k|0ffnL s] x'g] < s:tf] x'g] eGg] af/]df bnx¿n] /flv;s]sf x'gfn] To;n] olb uDeL/tfk"j{s g} jftf{ ug{ vf]h]sf] xf] eg] /fHo kIfnfO{ -cyf{t\ /fhfsf] kIf_, dfcf]jfbLnfO{ klg bnx¿sf] k|:tfjn] Ps 7fp"df pleP/ s'/f ug]{ clwsf/ lbg;S5 . /fhfsf] ;dflKt /fhf;"u} s'/f u/]/ x'"b}g . aflx/ o:tf] st} klg ePsf] 5}g . xfdLsxf" of] x'G5 eg]/ eGg ;ls"b}g . s]jn /fhfsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ s6f}tL dfq} ug{ ;lsG5 . ljz]ifflwsf/sf] s6f}tL s;/L ug]{ < s;/L PSsfO;f}" ztfAbLcg'¿ksf] /fh;+:yf agfpg] t eGg] k|Zg d"n xf] . lsgeg] /fhf klg PSsfO;f}" ztfAbLsf] /fh;+:yf aGg'k5{ eGg] s'/fdf l;4fGttM ;xdt ePh:t} b]lvG5 . kf6L{x¿sf] Ph]08fn] oL b'j} cltjfbLx¿nfO{ plrt lgsf;sf] af6f]df cfpg ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\ . of] af6f]df s]lGb|t eP/ sfd u/]df aNn jftf{sf] d"n ljifodf k|j]z ug{ ;lsG5 . clxn];Dd ljifoj:t'nfO{ kG5fP/ s]jn afx\o s'/fdf dfq} cndn e}/fv]sf] 5 . ;/sf/, /fhf jf clxn]sf] /fHokIfeGbf dfcf]jfbLx¿ Ps kfOnf cufl8 5g\ . t/, /fhfsf] tkm{af6 ljifox¿ /flvPsf] 5}g . kf6L{x¿n] klg cfkm\gf] ljifo /fv] t/ /fhfsf] Stand /flvPg . /fhfdf klg kof{Kt dfqfdf b'ljwf /x]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . /fhf cfkm"n] lnPsf] af6f]df klg b'ljwfdf 5g\ . ljifosf af/]df klg b'ljwfdf 5g\ . c;f]h !* df h'g af6f] /fhfaf6 /f]lhPsf] xf], dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofnfO{ klg ;dfwfg u5'{ eg]/ Tof] af6f] t km]n e};s]sf] 5 . Tof] s'/fsf] :jLsf/f]lQm /fhfaf6 nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbsf] ;/sf/sf] labfO / ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfsf] cfudg;"u;"u} e};Sof] . To;k5fl8 klg c¿ yk hl6ntfx¿n] lbg k|ltlbg Tof] af6f] unt lyof] eGg] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . lxhf] cfkm}+ cufl8 ;/]/ s'g} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg u5'{ egL cu|;/ ePsf] /fh;+:yf s'g} xfntdf of] k|lqmofdf 5}g . ;a} yf]s ;/sf/n] g} ub}{5 eg]/ eGg'k/]sf] 5 . t/, ;/sf/ lgdf{0f k|lqmofn] of] ;/sf/ ;jf{lwsf/ ;DkGg xf] eGg] b]lvPsf] 5}g .

) ;/sf/k|lt dfcf]jfbLsf dfu Pj+ cf/f]k t uDeL/ 5 lg <

dfcf]jfbLsf dfu cfkm\gf 7fp"df 5g\ . xfd|f dfu cfkm\gf 7fp"df 5g\ . c;f]h !* ut]kl5 /fhfsf af/]df xfd|f] cfkm\g} l/he]{;g 5 . pgLx¿ /fhfnfO{ cfkm}+ cufl8 cfP/ oL s'/fnfO{ ;DkGg ug{ cfx\jfg ul//x]sf 5g\ . t/, xfdL clxn] PSsfO;f}" ztfAbLsf /fhfn] of] ;DkGg ug{ ;Sg] xf]Og eg]sf 5f}" . o:tf] ug{ yflnof] eg] )$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngsf] pknlAw / To;sf] lgisif{sf] ckdfg klg x'G5 . To;}n] /fhf cfkm\gf] 7fp"df kms{g'k5{ .

dfcf]jfbLx¿ ;]gfsf] af/]df jftf{df al;;s]kl5 ;]gfsf] k|of]usf] af/]df k|Zg p7\g' :jefljs xf] . o'4lj/fd ubf{ jftf{df a;]kl5 ;]gfsf] af/]df s'/f x'G5g\ . If]q b'O{ y/Ldf gaf"l8Psf] x'"bf t]/f] If]q / d]/f] If]q eGg] s'/f v'Nb}g . To:tf] kl/l:yltdf ;+s6sfn klg g/x]sf] l:yltdf ;]gf k'/fg} 7fp"df /xg'k5{ eg]/ lg0f{o ug{'kb{Yof] . jf:tjdf ;+s6sfnk"j{sf] l:yltdf ;]gf kmsf{pg] / dfcf]jfbL 5fkfdf/x¿n] klg xltof/ k|of]unfO{ k"0f{tM :ylut ug'{kb{5 eGg] ;xdlt x'g'kb{Yof] . dfcf]jfbLx¿n] /fHosf] ;]gfsf] uf}/jsf] lvNnL p8fPsf 5g\ . ;]gf k/fk"j{sfnb]lv /fHo ljKnjdf nfu]sf] cf/f]k 5 . t/, of] Oltxf; l;4 s'/f xf] . jf:tjdf hxf"–hxf" zlQm 5, Toxf"–Toxf" ;]gf kl5 nfu]s} 5 . ;]gf /fhfs} k5fl8 dfq} nfu]sf] 5}g, ! ;o $ jif{;Dd k|wfgdGqL zlQmdf x'"bf p:t} nfUof] . of] P]ltxfl;s tYo xf] . t/, xfdLn] clxn] ;]gfsf] ljifodf :ki6 wf/0ff /fv]sf 5f}" . xfdLn] )$^ ;fnb]lv g} ug{ vf]h]sf] s'/f klg xf] t/ Tof] ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . of] gof" ;Gbe{df xfdLn] ljsl;t ug]{ s'/f xf] . lxhf]sf k|of]u / kl/kf6LnfO{ x]/]/ clxn]sf] d"Nof+sg ug{ ;ls"b}g . klxnf–klxnf t JolQmut g]t[Tjdf ;]gf x'GYof] . h'g a6flnogsf] h'g sdf08/ eof], ToxL"sf] ;]gf x'GYof] Tof] . /f0ff zf;gdf ToxL b]lvGYof] . k|wfgdGqLsf] lj¿4 klg tL ;]gfn] cfqmd0f ub{y] . oL Oltxf;sf s'/fnfO{ s]nfP/ kmfObf 5}g . cfw'lgs g]kfn, k|hftflGqs g]kfn / Tof] g]kfndf ;]gf s;/L a:g'k5{ eGg] s'/fdf kf"r /fhgLlts bnx¿ k|i6 5g\ .

) g]kfndf :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;+rfng ug{ klg cd]l/sL ;]gf g} cfpg'k5{ t <

:jf:Yo lzlj/ ;+rfng ug{ cd]l/sL ;]gf cfpg' kb{}g . lsg / s;/L oL s'/fx¿ cfO/x]sf 5g\ k|i6 5}g . hgtfnfO{ oL ultljlwsf] hfgsf/L lbOg] ul/Psf] 5}g . o:tf lsl;dsf uDeL/ Pj+ dxTjk"0f{ k|Zg pl7;s]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg;Sg'kb{5 . t/, o:tf] kl/kf6L 5}g / o;df kf/blz{tf gePsf] x'gfn] w]/} lsl;dsf cf/f]k nfUg] u5{g\, rfx] tL ;To x'g\ of c;To g} lsg gx'g\ .

) dfcf]jfbLx¿ tkfO{+x¿nfO{ cu|udgsf] afws elg/fv]sf 5g\ . tkfO{+x¿ cu|udgsf] afws g} xf] t < tkfO{+x¿aLrsf] ljZjf;sf] ;+s6 s'g xbsf] 5 <

xfd|f] / dfcf]jfbLaLrdf ljZjf;sf] ;+s6 5 eGg] s'/fdf s'g} z+s} 5}g . dfcf]jfbLsf] /fhf;"u s'/fsfgL / åGå cfh g xf] . pgLx¿sf] åGå lxhf] kf6L{x¿;"u g} lyof] . /fhf;"u t pgLx¿sf] sfo{ut Pstf g} lyof] . clxn] g} kf6L{x¿sf] / dfcf]jfbLx¿aLrsf] s'/f ldln;Sof] eGg] xf]Og . xfd|f] / dfcf]jfbLaLr s'/f gldn]sf] oyfy{ xf] .

t/ s]xL ljifox¿df w]/} lgs6tf cfPsf 5g\ . ;}4flGts ¿kdf k|hftflGqs ;d'Ggt g]kfnsf nflu xfdL sfd u5f}{+, xfd|f] jftf{ ca Totfkl§ s]lGb|t 5 eGg] dfcf]jfbLsf] ljrf/n] lxhf]sf] h:tf] clwgfosjfbL sDo'lgi6 u0ftGqsf nflu xfdLn] sfd ug]{ xf]Og elg;s]kl5 ljifout ¿kn] w]/} s'/fsf] lgs6tf ePsf] 5 . t/, ;a} s'/f k|i6 e};s]sf 5}gg\ . xfdLn] pgLx¿sf egfOdf y'k|} c:ki6tf b]v]sf 5f}" . pgLx¿nfO{ klg xfd|f af/]df klg sltko c:ki6tfx¿ /x], ck"0f{tf eof] eGg] nfUof] xf]nf Tof] :jefljs g} xf] . clxn] klg xfd|f] ljifout ;Djfb t ePsf] 5}g . To;}n] w]/} s'/fdf k|i6 x'g'kg]{ xf]nf, sltko s'/fdf dt÷dtfGt/ klg xf]nfg\ . tL s'/fx¿ :jefljs x'g\ .

) b/af/ / dfcf]jfbLdWo] tkfO{+x¿sf] ldq zlQm s'g < zq' zlQm s'g <

k|hftGqjfbLx¿n] To;/L /fhgLlts zlQmnfO{ ljefhg ub}{gg\ . ;}4flGts ¿kn] s;};"u lgs6tf x'G5, s;};"u b"/L x'G5 . xfd|f nflu dfcf]jfbL;"usf] lgs6tfsf] kIf eg]sf] s'g} g s'g} 9+uaf6 hgtfaf6 lgld{t x'g] / hgtfdf ljZjf; ug}{kg]{ zlQm x'g\ . kf6L{x¿ eg]sf hgtfaf6 g} hGdg] hfgtfdf g} x's{g] / hgtfn] g} x}l;ot lgdf{0f ug]{ u5{g\ . To;}n] xfdLn] clxn] klg hgzlQmdf g} ljZjf; ul//fv]sf 5f}" . Tof] lx;fan] hgtfsf] s'/f p7\bf :jefljs ¿kn] dfcf]jfbL klg xfdLaf6 6f9f /xg'kg]{ sf/0f 5}g . vfln pgLx¿sf] xltof/n] dfq} xfdL / pgLx¿nfO{ 6f9f agfPsf] 5 . u0ftGqnfO{, ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ dfGg] kf6L{x¿ t kf"r bnleq} 5g\ . Tof] ;d:ofsf] ljifo xf]Og . pgLx¿sf] xltof/ / xltof/dfly k"0f{tM ljZjf; ug]{ dfgl;stf / To;}nfO{ lg0ff{os x'G5 eGg] dfgl;stf g} clxn] xfdLaLrsf] b"/L xf] . hgtf;"u s]lGb|t ljifox¿df cfp"bf :jefljs ¿kdf dfcf]jfbLx¿ kf6L{x¿sf] glhs b]lvG5g\ .

afx| jif{;Dd Ps lsl;dsf] k|hftflGqs cEof; /x\of] . Tof] cEof;df /fhfn] cfkm"nfO{ ;+j}wflgs 9+udf g} /xg] / ToxL 9+uaf6 Tof] ;+:yfnfO{ ljsl;t ug]{ eGg] h'g k|lta4tf lyof], Tof] xb;Dd xfd|f] /fhf;"u ;dembf/L lyof] . t/ c;f]h !* n] Tof] ljZjf;nfO{ eË u/]kl5 /fhfdfly /fhgLlts bnx¿n] k|Zg p7fPsf 5g\ . To;sf] 6'Ëf] gnfu]sf] l:yltdf, c;f]h !* sf] sbd h;n] )$^ ;fnsf pknlAwx¿nfO{ vl08t kf¥of] . Tof] ;Gbe{df clxn] /fhf;"u xfd|f] ;+3if{ rln/x]sf] 5 . ;+3if{ rNb}df …zq'Ú zAb k|of]u g} ug{ eg] rfxGgf}" . /fh;+:yf Pp6f k/Dk/fut ;+:yf xf] . of] ;fdGtL Joj:yfsf] cjz]if klg xf] . t/, To;nfO{ cfw'lgs nf]stflGqs kl/k|]Iodf :yflkt ug{ To;nfO{ ;+j}wflgs u/fP/ Jojl:yt ug]{ / Tof] ;+:yfn] hgtf;"u u/]sf] ;Demf}tf -h'g ;Demf}tfdf hgtfsf] xft dfly k/]sf] x'G5_ df cfwfl/t /x]/ of] ;+:yfnfO{ nf]stGqleqs} Pp6f ;+:yfsf ¿kdf x]g]{ h'g b[li6sf]0f xf] Tof] b[li6sf]0f rflx" ;+j}wflgs /fh;+:yf /x"bf / To;sf] dof{bfdf /x"bf;Dd xfdLn] :jLsf/ u5f}{+ cGoyf of] ;+:yfnfO{ nf]stGqlj/f]wL ;+:yfsf ¿kdf lnG5f}" .

) tkfO{+x¿ h:tf hgdt ljZjf; ug]{ kf6L{x¿ lsg ;+ljwfg;ef;"u 8/fPsf] <

;+ljwfg;efdf hfgnfO{ ;}4flGts ¿kn] ;d:of 5}g . clxn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] af/]df sf+u|];n] s'g} lg0f{o u/]sf] 5}g . o;sf] kIfdf klg u/]sf] 5}g / lj/f]wdf klg u/]sf] 5}g . t/, sf+u|];leq ;+ljwfg;efdf uP/ %) jif{b]lvsf] clgl0f{t d'2fnfO{ 6'Ëf] nufpg'k5{ eGg] b[li6sf]0f alnof] x'"b} uPsf] 5 .

clxn]sf] af/]df dfcf]jfbLn] eg]sf k|lqmofdf rflx" 7"nf] c;xdlt 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] 3f]if0ff ug]{, To;sf] cfjZostfsf] cg'ej ug]{ 7fp" klg hgtfsf k|ltlglwx¿ g} x'g\ . Tof] rflx" ;+;b\ dfq} x'G5 . To;sf] cfjZostf eof] eGg] kl/l:ylt cfp"bf klg Tof] lg0f{o ug]{ lgsfo eg]sf] ;+;b\ g} x'g'k5{ .

) ;+;b\n] lg0f{o u/]/ ;+ljwfg;efdf hfp" eGg vf]Hg'ePsf] xf] <

;+ljwfg;efdf hf"bf ;+;b\n] g} lg0f{o u/]/ uof] eg] :jefljs x'G5 . ;"u;"u} …)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] pknlAwnfO{ /Iff ub}{ cufl8 hfp"Ú eGg] dfGotfsf] cg's"n klg x'G5 .

) ;+;b\n] cfkm\g} cl:tTj d]6\g] u/L hfg] eGg;S5 / <

;+;b\n] lg0f{o ug{ ;S5÷;Sb}g eGg] s'/f rflx" hgtfsf] b[li6sf]0fn] lgwf{/0f ub{5 . ;f+;b\x¿ eg]sf hgtfsf k|ltlglwx¿ x'g\ . …;Dk"0f{ /fHo zlQmsf] ;|f]t hgtf x'g\Ú eg]/ klxnf] jfSodf g} elgPsf] 5 . hgtf /fHozlQmsf] ;|f]t elg;s]kl5 hgtfsf k|ltlglwx¿n] hgtfnfO{ clxt gx'g] u/L lg0f{o ug{;S5g\ . hgtfsf] clwsf/nfO{ s'l07t gug]{ u/L pgLx¿n] lg0f{o ug{ ;S5g\ . ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ubf{ jt{dfg ;+ljwfgn] k|:tfjgfsf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L ug'{kg]{ eg]sf] 5 . t/, k|:tfjgfsf] efjgf s] xf] eg]/ s;n] lgwf{/0f ug]{ < cflv/ hgtfsf k|ltlglw afx]s c¿n] lgwf{/0f ug{ ldNb}g . clGtd lg0ff{os hgtfsf k|ltlglw g} x'g\ . k|ltlglwn] agfOlbPsf] sfg'gadf]lhd af"sL /x]sf ljifox¿df lg0f{o ug]{ sfd cbfntsf] xf] . t/, d"n ¿kn] ca k|Zg p7\5, Tof] a]nfdf lg0f{o ug]{ eg]sf] hgtf g} xf] . To;eGbf cufl8 hfg'k¥of] eg] hgtfnfO{ k|ToIf ¿kdf ;f]lwG5 . To;}n] oxL ;+ljwfgdf klg @)$& ;fndf hgdt ;+u|xsf] k|fjwfg lyof] . To;nfO{ sfl6of] . clxn] To;}nfO{ k"0f{tf lbgsf nflu % kf6L{n] ;+;b\sf] lg0f{oaf6 hgdt ;+u|xsf] lg0f{o ug{;Sg] lg0f{o u/]sf 5g\ . hgtfsf] k|ltlglwn] ug]{ lg0f{onfO{ hgtfsf] lxtdf / hgtfsf] clwsf/ a9fpg] 9Ëaf6 ug]{ lg0f{onfO{ ;+ljwfgn] /f]Sg ldNb}g / /f]Sg ;Sb}g . To;/L /f]Sg yfNg] xf] eg] hgtfdf ;fj{ef}d;Qf 5 eGg] dfGotfnfO{ cljZjf; u/]sf] x'G5 . s'g k|lqmofn] ug]{ eGg] s'/f ;+ljwfgdf 5}g t/ ;+;b\n] lg0f{o u¥of] eg] Tof] k|lqmof lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] klg 5}g . Tof] k|lqmof ;+ljwfgdf ;+zf]wg u/]/ ;+ljwfgdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] klg xf]Og . Tof] ;dfj]z u/]/ klg ;+;b\n] Jojl:yt ug{;S5 .

) t/ clxn] ;+;b\ g} 5}g . s;/L lg0f{o ug{;S5 < cK7]/f] kb}{g <

k5{ . of t of] ;+ljwfg 5}g eGg] s'/fdf /fhf klg ;xdt x'g'k¥of] . dfcf]jfbLx¿ t ;+ljwfg 5}g eg]/ lx"l8/fv]sf 5g\ . To;df b'O{j6f zlQmn] dflg;s]sf] l:ylt cfpnf . t/, of] ;+ljwfg 5 eGbf of] ;+ljwfgn] :yflkt u/]sf dfGotfcg'¿k k|lqmofsf] vf]hL ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ Tof] k|lqmof cu|ufdL x'g'k5{ . To;sf] JofVofnfO{ cufl8 hfg g/f]Sg] vfnsf] x'g'k5{ . gq ;+;f/ slxNo} cufl8 a9\b}g . cd]l/sL ;+ljwfgnfO{ klg zflAbs JofVof u/]/ To;sf] bfof"afof" ug{ x'"b}g egL a;]sf] ePb]lv cfh @ jif{;Dd sfd ug{ ;Sb}gYof] . To;sf] d"n ¿keGbf To;sf] JofVofn] k|z:t} b/fh el/;s] . ta g l6s]sf] 5 . To;}n] hgtfsf kIfdf cu|ufdL / hgtfsf lxtdf ;+ljwfgsf] JofVof x'g'k5{ . o;nfO{ ;+s'lrt agfP/ emg\ cK7]/f] agfO{ k5fl8 kmsf{P/ JofVof ul/g' x'"b}g . To:tf] ug{ yfln"bf dfG5]n] csf]{ af6f] ;dfTg] kl/l:ylt l;h{gf x'G5 . jf:tjdf of] ;+ljwfgdf ;+ljwfg ;'emfj cfof]un] lbPsf] ;'emfjcg';f/ hgdt ;+u|xsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] eP sd ;] sd ;+j}wflgs ;+s6 t cfp"b}gYof] .

) clxn]sf] /fhf;"usf] b"/L ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgfsf] dfu k"/f x'g] lalQs} 5f]l6G5 t <

;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf ePdf /fhf;"usf] åGå 6'lËg] ls g6'lËg] eGg] s'/f /fhfsf] Jojxf/df g} e/ kb{5 . k|fljlws ¿kn] ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf ub}{df åGå ;lsOxfNb}g . To;sf dfux¿ t af"sL g} x'G5g\ . of] t k|f/De x'g] dfq} s'/f xf] . clxn]af6 of] cj¿4 e}/fv]sf] 5 . af6f]nfO{ vf]n]kl5 lx"8\g'kg]{ sfd t af"sL g} /xG5 . lx"8\bf yk cj/f]w cfPgg\ eg] To; k5fl8 ;+3if{ x'"b}g a¿ ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ sfd af"sL /xG5g\ . t/, olb /fhfaf6 cj/f]w l;h{gf eof] eg] åGå k'gM x'G5, rs{G5 / ljleGg ¿kdf To;n] cfkm"nfO{ ljsl;t klg ug{;S5 . To;n] ubf{ of] ;+ljwfgnfO{ klg clxn]sf] ;Gbe{df / )$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngn] xfl;n u/]sf pknlAwx¿ h;nfO{ )$& ;fndf lgld{t ;+ljwfgdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsPsf lyPgg\ . tL ljifox¿nfO{ klg ;dfj]z u/]/ ;xL cy{df ;+j}wflgs /fh;+:yfsf] dfGotf :yflkt ug]{ /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] d'Vo Wo]o b]lvPsf] x'"bf clxn]sf] !* a'"b] Ph]08f jt{dfg ;+ljwfgeGbf aflx/ hfg] l:ylt b]lv"b}g . t/, !* a'"b] Ph]08fn] ;+ljwfgnfO{ ;}4flGts ¿kn] klg, Jojxfl/s ¿kn] klg / /fhgLlts ¿kn] klg cu|ufdL rl/qsf] agfOlbG5 . clxn] d"n ¿kdf ;}4flGts ¿kn] of] ;+ljwfgn] hgtfnfO{ g} ;jf]{Rr zlQm dfg]sf] 5 eGg] dfGotfsf cfwf/df ;+ljwfgdf ;a} lsl;dsf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsG5 . hgtfsf] xslxt cufl8 a9fpg] lbzfdf hfG5 eg]/ xfdLn] dfg]sf 5f}" . o;sf k|lqmofx¿ ;+ljwfgdf k|i6 5}gg\ . casf] ljsf;n] tL k|lqmofnfO{ g} k|i6 kf5{ . hgtfsf] ;jf]{Rrtf s;/L lalDat x'G5 < s'g k|lqmofaf6 / s:tf ljifodf o:tf] ;jf]{Rrtf k|ltlalDat x'g'kg]{ kl/l:ylt cfp"5 < s:tf] cj:yfdf pgLx¿n] v6fPsf k|ltlglwx¿n] sfd u/] k'U5 < eGg] s'/fsf] k|i6 k|lqmof / ljlw o;n] lgwf{/0f ub{5 . ;"u;"u} aL;f}" ztfAbLsf] k[i7e"lddf /fhtGqsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ / @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgdf af"sL /fv]sf lyof}" . ca tL ljz]ifflwsf/ /fh;+:yfdf /fVg' p;}sf nflu lxts/ b]lvPg . o;n] /fh;+:yfnfO{ yk ljjfbf:kb agfpg] klg b]lvof] . kl5Nnf ;dodf ljsl;t ePsf s]xL 36gfqmdx¿n] / vf;u/L h]7 !% df gf/fo0flx6L b'3{6gfn] /fh;+:yfnfO{ ;+of]lht ug'{kg]{ kl/l:ylt b]lvof] . gof" kl/l:ylt eg]sf] ;Dk"0f{tM /fh;+:yfsf] lhDd]jf/L ;+;b\n] g} lng'kg{] cj:yf cfPsf] 5 . Tof] cj:yfnfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fVb} /fhgLlts bnx¿n] cfkm\gf Ph]08fnfO{ to u/]sf 5g\ . of] Ph]08fn] /fhfnfO{ ;+j}wflgs 9+uaf6 :yflkt ug]{ k|lqmofdf s'g} cj/f]w ub}{g t/ /fhf h'g–h'g a'"bfdf ljjfbf:kb, h'g;'s} a'"bfdf cK7]/f]df k/]sf] xfdLn] b]v]sf 5f}", tL s'/fx¿nfO{ lg/fs/0f u5{ . ;"u;"u} /fhf cfkm}+ zf;gdf ;lqmo x'g] kl/kf6LnfO{ klg cGTo u5{ . oL s'/f k|fKt ug{sf nflu of] ;+ljwfgaflx/ hfg' kb}{g . t/, o;df ca lj/f]w st}af6 x'g' x'"b}g . To;df cj/f]w Nofpg;Sg] laGb' eg]sf] /fh;+:yf xf] . /fh;+:yfn] To; lgldQ ;xof]uL x'g'k5{ . ;xof]uL ePg eg] åGå x'G5 . o:tf] kl/l:yltdf rflx" åGåfTds ¿k s]–s] x'G5 < ;+;bLo k|lqmofdf dfq} ;Lldt /xG5 ls cGo af6f] lnG5 Tof] rflx" åGåsf] k|s[lt, åGådf ;xefuL x'g], /fhfsf] rfxgf cflb s'/fn] lgwf{/0f ub{5 . clxn] g} of] ;+ljwfgn] ;a} s'/f lgjf{w ¿kdf ;DkGg x'glbG5 jf lb"b}g eGg eg] ;ls"b}g . lsgeg] ;+ljwfgdf ePs} s'/fx¿nfO{ cj/f]wdf kf/]/ c;f]h !* cfPsf] 5 . To;n] ;+ljwfgsf] dg;foeGbf ljk/Lt /fh;+:yfn] ef]ln e"ldsf v]Nbf ef]lnsf lbgdf 7"nf] åGå x'G5 . Tof] åGådf cGttM hgtfsf] lht x'G5 .

) tkfO{+x¿ /fhfn] k6s–k6s wf]sf lb"bf klg lsg /fhf dfGg] elg/fVg' x'G5 < /fhtGqnfO{ x6fpg ;Sb}gf}" h:tf] nfu]/ xf] < /fhtGqeGbf dfly p7\g ;Sg'x'Gg <

of] ljrf/ sf+u|];df ePsf] xf]Og . !* c;f]h k5fl8 cem k|jn ¿kdf k|s6 e}/fv]sf 5g\ . t/, sf+u|]; clxn] klg ;xL cy{df ;+j}wflgs /fh;+:yf lgdf{0f ug]{ s'/fdf lsg k|lta4 5 eg] xfdLn] @)$& ;fndf klg ;xL cy{df ;+j}wflgs /fh;+:yf agfO;s]sf lyPgf}" . /, @))& ;fnb]lv g} /fh;+:yfnfO{ ;+j}wflgs agfpg] sfd af"sL g} /x\of] . To;}n] o;sf] k|of]u u/]/ /fh;+:yf ;+j}wflgs -k"0f{ ¿kn]_ ePsf] cj:yfdf d'n'snfO{ :yflkt ug{ rflx/fv]sf] 5 . xfdL /fh;+:yf ;+j}wflgs gx'"bf af/Daf/ k|hftGqsf lj¿4 /fh;+:yf pkl:yt x'g], p7\g], To; ;DaGwdf a]nf–a]nfdf ultljlw ug]{, clnslt klg hgtfsf kIfdf cK7]/f] cfPsf] a]nfdf t'¿Gt ;+j}wflgs /fh;+:yfsf] dof{bfaf6 aflx/ uP/ /fhfn] cfkm\gf] lqmofsnfkx¿ ug]{ kl/l:ylt xfdLn] Joxf]l//x]sf 5f}" . To;}n] xfdLn] eg]sf 5f}" ls s]jn !* c;f]hsf sf/0f dfq} /fh;+:yfnfO{ ;xL cy{df ;+j}wflgs agfpg rflx/fv]sf 5}gf}" . %) jif{b]lvsf cfkm\gf cg'ejsf cfwf/df oL s'/fx¿ cufl8 al9/fv]sf 5f}" . sf+u|;n] /fh;+:yfnfO{ zlQmsf ¿kdf dfGg tof/ 5}g . p;n] dfGg rfx]sf] xf]Og . of] Pp6f ;+:yfsf] ¿kdf /xg'kb{5 .

/fh;+:yfljgfsf] nf]stGqsf] af/]df klg sf+u|];n] ;f]Rg'k5{ . sf+u|];sf] ljwfgaf6 ;+j}wflgs /fh;+:yf eGg] s'/fx¿nfO{ x6fpg'k5{ eGg] s'/f klg sf+u|];df pl7/fv]sf] 5 .

) /fhtGqnfO{ km\of"Sg] ;fdYo{, x}l;ot tkfO{+x¿;"u geP/ kf] elg/fVg' ePsf] xf] ls <

s'g} klg k'/fgf ;+:yfx¿nfO{ s:tf] Jojxf/ ug]{ eGg] s'/f To;sf] cfjZostf / cf}lrTosf cfwf/df x'G5 . csf]{ :jefljs ¿kn] p;sf] ;fdYo{df e/k5{ . g]kfnsf] PsLs/0fdf /fh;+:yfn] Pp6f e"ldsf v]n]sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ Tof] e"ldsfnfO{ ;+;b\sf lgldQ xfdLn] /fh;+:yfsf] cfjZostf b]Vof}" . g]kfnsf] e"–/fhgLlts kl/l:yltdf klg of] ;+:yf pkof]uL x'g;S5 eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfu]sf] lyof] . t/, ;do lgs} cufl8 al9;s]sf] 5 . )& ;fnsf] hgqmflGt klg aL;f}" ztfAbLsf] dWo efu lyof] . of] kl/l:yltdf k'/fgf] ;+:yfnfO{ s;/L /fVg ;lsG5 < of] Hofb} k'/fgf] s'/f ef], o;sf] kIfdf sf]xL klg k|hftGqjfbL /x"b}gg\ eGg] wf/0ff klg xfdL -sf+u|];_ df lyof] . xfd|f] @)!@ ;fnsf] dxflwj]zgsf] k|:tfjdf of] ljifodf v'n]/ k|:tfjgf agfPsf 5f}" . t/, Tof] x'"bfx'"b} klg g]kfnsf] h'g kl/l:ylt / kl/j]z 5 tL ;a} kl/l:ylt / kl/j]z x]bf{ clxn] xfdL o;nfO{ ;+j}wflgs ;+:yfsf ¿kdf :yflkt ug{ rfxG5f}" t/ o:tf] l:yltdf klg To;n] g]kfnL k/Dk/fut ;dfhnfO{ kf/]sf] k|efj / Tof] k|efjaf6 d'Qm ge};s]sf] kl/l:ylt, oL ;a} kl/l:yltnfO{ kl/jt{g u/]/ hf"bf h'g ef}uf]lns cj:yfdf g]kfn 5, Tof] lsl;dsf] ;+:yf x6fpg k|oTg ubf{ x'g] h'g lsl;dsf] pynk'yn xf] Tof] pynk'yn ;d]tnfO{ Wofgdf /fVbf xfdLn] o; 9+usf] ;Gbe{af6 of] ;+:yfnfO{ clxn]sf] cfw'lgstfdf klg /fVg ;lsg] / nf]stflGqs dfGotfsf] ljk/Lt klg gx'g] / d'ns'sf] e"–/fhgLlts kl/l:yltsf] dfunfO{ klg aofg lbg ;lsg] sf/0fn] ubf{ ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] cfjZostf @))& ;fndf b]v]sf] xf] . ToxL @))& ;fndf b]v]sf] sf/0fn] g} sf+u|];n] clxn];Dd lg/Gt/tf lbO/fv]sf] 5 . t/ Pp6f s6' cg'ej rflx" s] ePsf] 5 eg] ))& ;fnb]lv $ j6f /fhf;"u sf+u|];n] åGå ul//fv]sf] 5 . lqe'jgn] hgtf;"u ldn]/ qmflGt u/L NofPsf] !) ;fndf km]l/ lkmtf{ lnP . dx]Gb|n] ;dembf/Ldf lbPsf] )!% ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ ;xg g;s]/ )!& ;fndf km]l/ vf];]sf] cg'ej / To; k5fl8 cfw'lgs / lzlIft eP/ cfP klg /fhf jL/]Gb|n] hgdt ;+u|xsf] 3f]if0ff ul/;s]kl5 klg To;nfO{ :jtGq / lgikIf 9+uaf6 ;+rfng ug{ g;s]sf] / To;nfO{ unt lsl;daf6 ;+rfng u/]sf] cg'ej tyf )$& ;fndf u/]sf] ;dembf/L km]l/ )%( c;f]h !* df km]l/ /fhf 1fg]Gb|af6 ePsf] ckx/0f cflb ;a}nfO{ x]bf{ jf:tjdf g]kfnL sf+u|];df /fh;+:yfsf] cfjZostf / cf}lrTotfsf] af/]df klg uDeL/ 9+uaf6 5nkmn k|f/De ePsf] 5 . of] 5nkmn a9\g] ls 36\g] eGg] s'/f rflx" kf6L{x¿sf] !* a'"b] Ph]08fnfO{ /fhfn] :jLsf/ ub{5g\ ls ub}{gg\ eGg]df e/k5{ . /fhf ;xL cy{df ;+j}wflgs /xg rfxG5g\ eg] g]kfndf /fh;+:yfsf] efljio 5 gq hgtfn] /fh;+:yfsf] cefjsf] kl/sNkgf ug]{ 5}gg\ . hgtf;"u åGå ul//xg] xf] eg] s'g} g s'g} r/0fdf of] åGån] lj>fd kfp"5, kfp"5 . )! ;fndf /fhf dx]Gb|n] vf];]sf] clwsf/eGbf lgs} w]/} clwsf/ @)$& ;fndf /fhf jL/]Gb|n] 5f]8\g'k¥of] . ca @)$& ;fndf lbOPsf] clwsf/ vf]:g vf]lhPsf] 5 . ca hgtfn] )$& ;fndf kfPsf] eGbf c¿ yk clwsf/ lnP/} 5f]8\g]5g\ .

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