sf7df08f}+, >fj0f @% @)^)

:yflgo ;dfrf/

wg'iffdf hgcfGbf]ngk|lt cfsif{0f a9\b}5

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

hgsk'/wfd . g]kfnL sf+u|];, Pdfn], hgdf]rf{ / ;b\efjgf kf6L{x¿sf] hgcfGbf]ngn] wg'iffdf ;+o'Qm h/f] kqmg yfn]sf] 5 . ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ng ;ldlt wg'iffn] c;f]h !* ut]sf] zfxL sbdnfO{ kmsf{pg @$ 3G6] l/n] cgzg sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lb"b} cfPsf] 5 eg] zfxL ;DklQ ;fj{hlgs ug{sf] nflu x:tfIf/ cleofg ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

…zfxL ;DklQ ;fj{hlgs ug'{k5{Ú egL ;dy{gdf ;+rfng eO/x]sf] x:tfIf/ cleofgdf g]=sf= dxfdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnf ;d]tn] ;xL ug'{ePsf] 5 .

To:t} :yfgLo hgs rf]sdf cfiff9 !% b]lv cf/De ePsf] @$ 3G6] l/n] cgzgdf g]kfnL sf+u|];, Pdfn], ;b\efjgf / hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsf sfo{stf{x¿ ;lqmo ¿kdf a:b} cfPsf 5g\ .

>fj0f !% ut];Dddf s'n tLg ;o 5};¶L hgfn] l/n] cgzg al;;s]sf 5g\ eg] >fj0f #@ ut];Dd cgzgdf a:g cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ ug{ cfpg]x¿ klg sd 5}gg\ .

c;f]h !* ut]sf] k|ltufdL zfxL sbd ;Rofpgsf nflu bafa :j¿k cfof]hgf ul/Psf oL sfo{qmx¿df u}/ /fhgLlts Joj;foL JolQmx¿n] klg TolQs} ;fy lbPsf 5g\ . kqsf/, sfg'g Joj;foL / lzIfsx¿ cf–cfkm\gf] sfd Ps lbgsf nflu labf lnP/ eP klg cgzgdf ;xefuL ePsf 5g\ .

@$ 3G6] l/n] cgzgdf kqsf/x¿dWo]af6 ;j{ >L /fh]Zj/ g]kfnL, dfwjk|;fb cfrfo{, /fd:jfy{ l;+x, a'l4/fd 7fs'/, dx]Gb| dxtf], s]bf/ ;fksf]6f, pd]z ;fx, z}n]zs'df/ bf; / jL/]Gb|s'df/ /dfg /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L sfg'g Joj;foLx¿df ljgf]b zdf{, yL/axfb'/ sfsL{, pu|gfy emf, a'l4/fd 7fs'/, /fhgk|;fb bfxfn, ;+ho sfsL{, rGb|s'df/ zdf{ d}gfnL, cJb'n clhd cfnd, /fdl;+x ofbj / afNs]Zj/ 7fs'/ @$ 3G6] l/n] cgzgdf a:g'ePsf] lyof] .

cfGbf]ngnfO{ g]kfn lzIfs ;+3, ;+u7g / d+raf6 kof{Kt ;dy{g k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

lzIfs ;+3 wg'iffsf cWoIf s[i0fjL/ ofbj, ;lrj dx]Gb| dxtf], sf]iffWoIf /fdk'sf/ ofbj, s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox¿ O{Zj/ ofbj, dxfjL/ ofbj, >LdtL ;Ltf Gof}kfg], /+lhtk|;fb zdf{, lji0f'b]j, pdfsfGt emf aXdb]j ;fx / kN6' ;fx ;a} @$ 3G6] l/n] cgzgdf a:g'ePsf] lyof] .

cx]aaf6 ;f]ofªjf;L kLl8t †

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

Onfd . Onfdsf] ;f]ofª ufp“ ljsf; ;ldltl:yt ;f]ofª pk:jf:Yo rf}sLsf c=x]=a= bLk]Gb|s'df/ k}s/fn] la/fdLx¿nfO{ rflxPeGbf a9L k};f dfUg], k};f geP pkrf/ gug]{h:tf wDsL lbg yfn]kl5 :yfgLojf;L kLl8t ag]sf 5g\ .

k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/ c=x]=a= k}s/fn] h:t} hl6n la/fdL eP klg ljleGg axfgf b]vfP/ 7Ug] u/]sf 5g\ . :yfgLo 6]sgfy rfkfufO"sfcg';f/ k};f eP dfq pkrf/ ug]{, k};f geP gug]{ pgsf] afgLn] sltko la/fdLx¿sf] d[To' klg ePsf] 5 . pxf“sfcg';f/ ut h]i7sf] klxnf] ;ftfdf ;f]ofª–^ sf 5f]6f /fO{ elgg] xs{axfb'/ /fO{sf] klg ToxL sf/0f d[To' ePsf] lyof] . lgdf]lgof nfu]sf /fO{sf] pkrf/ ug{ k}s/fnfO{ cg'/f]w ul/Pkl5 pgn] k};fljgf pkrf/ ulb{g" eg]/ kmsf{OlbPsf lyP .

To:t} ;f]ofª–( sL g'df ;'a]bL cfkm" ;'Ts]/L x'g] a]nfdf k}s/fsf] sf/0faf6 em08} Hofg u'dfpg'k/]sf] atfp“l5g\ . pgL elG5g\– æk}s/fn] ltd|f] k]6sf] aRrf pN6f] 5, c¿nfO{ hrfPdf d x]lb{g" / of] d afx]s c¿ s;}n] klg pkrf/ ug{ ;Sb}g eGb} tLgxhf/ ¿lkof“ lbPdfq pkrf/ u5'{ eg]sf lyP .Æ t/ pgnfO{ b'O{ lbgkl5 Onfd c:ktfn Nofp“bf Nofp“b} af6f]df aRrf hlGdPsf] lyof] .

o;/L c=x]=a= k}s/fn] ;'Ts]/L cj:yfdf aRrf hGdfPafkt tLg xhf/ cfkm\gf] /]6 ePsf] atfp“b} b; xhf/;Dd lng] u/]sf] :yfgLo t'n;L rfkfufO" atfp“5g\ . o;/L lbglbg} kL8f ef]lu/xg'k/]sf ;f]ofªjf;Ln] Psflt/ pkrf/ u/fpg ls t Onfd of lkmSsn g} hfg'kg]{ 5 eg] efO/n OGk\mNo'PGhfn] ;tfO/fv]sf] of] ;dodf afWo eP/ ToxL pkrf/ u/fO/fVg'k/]sf] 6]sgfy rfkfufO" atfp“5g\ . pgL eG5g\– æxfdLn] ljBfyL{x¿sf] tkm{af6 lhNnf k|zf;g ;dIf df}lvs hfgsf/L lbO;s]sf 5f“} . t/ xfn;Dd ;d:ofsf] lgsf; eg] ePsf] 5}g .Æ

qo ;flxTosf/nfO{ ;+rf/u|fd

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . g]kfnL efiff ;flxTosf lz/f]w/ JolQmTjx¿ slj lz/f]dl0f n]vgfy kf}8\ofn, gf6\o ;d|f6 afns[i0f ;d tyf dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fsf k"0f{sbsf zflns ltnu+ufl:yt ;+rf/u|fdsf] kl/;/df k|lt:yfkg ul/g] ePsf] 5 .

zflns k|lt:yfkgsf nflu vg'k¿b] ;fj{hlgs lxt u'7Lsf ;+:yfks cWoIf vg'k¿b] /fdafa' k|;fO{+ / Pstf k|sfzgsf cWoIf /fdrGb| ltdf]yLn] qmdzM @ nfv / @ nfv !% xhf/ % ;o %% ¿k}of“ cfly{s ;xof]u k|bfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

;"rgf ljefudf ePsf] Ps sfo{qmddf pQm /sd k|]; sfplG;n cWoIf xl/x/ lj/xLnfO{ :yfkgfsf nflu x:tfGt/0f ug'{eof] .

5f]/f k/]kl5

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . jL/ c:ktfnsf] ;'kl/6]08]06 8f= dgf]x/nfn >]i7 * jif{;Dd sfd u/]sf lk|m
-ef]n]lG6o/_ w]/} l;lgo/ xfO dfs{ NofPsfx¿nfO{ km]n u/]/ cfkm\gf] 5f]/f / x'g] a'xf/L -s'/f l5lg;s]sf]_ nfO{ cToGt Go"g dfs{ NofP klg :yfoL ug{ c:ktfnn] lnPsf] k/LIffdf kf; u/]sf] . 5f]/f 8f= dlgif >]i7 ;a}eGbf h'lgo/ . ca ;/sf/L 8fS6/ aGg ;'kl/6]08]06sf] 5f]/f x'g'kg]{ .

clxn] To;n] ubf{ c:ktfnsf 8fS6/x¿df Jofks c;Gtf]if km}lnPsf] 5 . o; ;DaGwdf clVtof/sf] Wofg hfg h¿/L 5 .

cfof]hgfx¿sf] k|fylds/0f @)^ klxnf], !^$ bf];|f] / &# t];|f]df

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . rfn" cfly{s jif{sf lglDt >L % sf] ;/sf/n] hDdf $ ;o $# j6f cfof]hgf ;+rfng ug]{ sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^)÷^! sf] jflif{s ljsf; sfo{qmddf pNn]v ePcg';f/ ;/sf/n] @ ;o ^ j6f ljsf; cfof]hgfnfO{ pRr k|fyldstfdf, ! ;o ^$ j6fnfO{ låtLo k|fyldstfdf / &# j6fnfO{ t[tLo k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] 5 .

o; cfly{s jif{ ljsf; cfof]hgfx¿sf nflu s'n $! ca{ *$ s/f]8 %) nfv ¿k}of“ ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 . h;df klxnf] k|fyldstf k|fKt cfof]hgfx¿df &@=%) k|ltzt /sd 5'6\ofOPsf] 5 . cyf{t\ #) ca{ ## s/f]8 *& nfv ¿k}of“ klxnf] k|fyldstfsf kl/of]hgfdf vr{ x'g]5 . @#=#) k|ltzt /sd cyf{t\ ( ca{ &% s/f]8 #! nfv bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf k/]sf sfo{qmddf vr{ x'g]5g\ eg] ¿= ! ca{ &% s/f]8 #@ nfv /sd dfq t];|f] k|fyldstfsf sfo{qmddf vr{ x'g]5 . o;jif{ ;+j}wflgs c+ux¿dWo] cbfntx¿sf] ;'b[9Ls/0f, Goflos k|lzIf0f k|lti7fg, clVtof/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f, dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] ljefusf] ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f, nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f / dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{nosf] ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f pRr k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf 5g\ .

s[lif tyf ;xsf/L If]qdf o;jif{ s[lif cg';Gwfg tyf k|;f/ cfof]hgf, bL3{sfnLg s[lif of]hgf cg'udg / ;dGjo, ljz]if s[lif pTkfbg sfo{qmd, vfB 3f]if0ff ;'/Iff cleofg sfo{qmddf /]zdv]tL ljsf;, afujfgL ljsf;, cfn'–t/sf/L tyf d;nf ljsf;, aLp k|a4{g tyf u'0f lgoGq0f, dT:o ljsf;, s[lif ahf/ ljsf;, lbuf] e"–Joj:yfkg, g]kfn Ol/u];g ;]S6/, Jofj;flos s[lif ljsf; cfof]hgf, s[lif tflnd tyf k|;f/ ;'wf/ cfof]hgf, vfBfGgaf6 ;+rflnt s[lif cfof]hgf, kz' :jf:Yo ;]jf sfo{qmd, kz' ljsf; kmf/d, ;fd'bflos kz' ljsf; cfof]hgf, t];|f] kz' ljsf; cfof]hgf, kxf8L ds} cg';Gwfg sfo{qmd, s0ff{nL c~rn s[lif ljsf; cfof]hgf, afnL ljljlws/0f cfof]hgf, s[lif / kz' ;]jf k|;f/ sfo{qmd klxnf] k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf 5g\ .

s[lif, ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/, df6f] k/LIf0f tyf ;'wf/ ;]jf sfo{qmd, afnL ;+/If0f, Joj;flos sL6 ljsf;, s[lif ljsf; cfof]hgf hgsk'/, kz'ljsf; ;]jf sfo{qmd -ufO{–e}";L, afv|f / cGo_ kxf8L sa'lnot jg, vfB kf]if0f tyf k|ljlw, s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\, s[lif cg';Gwfg sfo{qmdsf] k|fs[lts hnfzo, dT:o ljsf; cfof]hgf bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf em/]sf 5g\ eg] cg';Gwfg / k|;f/sf] s[lif tflnd, afnL ;3gtf / pTkfbsTj j[l4, kz';]jf tflnd, ;xsf/L k|lzIf0f, ;xsf/L If]q ;'b[9Ls/0f, lrof ljsf; k|a4{g, b'Uw ljsf; af]8{sf] ldNs xf]ln8] aGbh:tf sfo{qmd t];|f] ;"rLdf k'u]sf 5g\ .

l;"rfOtkm{ o;jif{ dd{t;Def/ cfof]hgfx¿, l;"rfO Joj:yfkg tyf x:tfGt/0f cfof]hgf, bf];|f] l;"rfO ;]S6/ cfof]hgf, g]kfn l;"rfO ;]S6/ cfof]hgf, aaO{, k|uGtf, jfudtL, ;'g;/L–df]/ª -t];|f]_ l;"rfO cfof]hgfx¿, l;"rfO ljsf; cfof]hgf, :ofnf] 6\o'ja]n, e"ldut l;"rfO ;]S6/ -cfof]hgf_, gof“ k|ljlw l;"rfO klxnf] k|fyldstfdf 5g\ . /fhfk'/, dxfsfnL, e}/xjf–n'lDagL, ;'g;/L l;"rfO l8k 6\o'ja]n, l;"rfO ;DefJotf cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg, k|0ffnL Joj:yfkg tyf tflnd l;"rfO, ;+:yfut ljsf; lgdf{0f, u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f k|of]uzfnf / oflGqs Joj:yfkg bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ . rGbfdf]xgf, l;S6f l;"rfO / e"ldut hn cGj]if0f sfo{qmd t];|f] k|fyldstfdf em/]sf 5g\ .

hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0fcGtu{t /f}tx6 ;nf{xLdf jfudtL gbL lgoGq0f, nfnks}of gbL lgoGq0f / gtf]lsPsf gbL lgoGq0f klxnf] k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ eg] hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f k|ljlw kl/of]hgf bf];|f]df k/]sf] 5 .

jg tyf e"–;+/If0fcGtu{t h}ljs ljljwtf, /fli6«o tyf sa'lnot jg ljsf; sfo{qmd, kxf8L sa'lnot jg tyf r/g ljsf; sfo{qmd, t/fO{ tyf lzjflns If]qsf nflu h}ljs ljljwtf sfo{qmd, jg:klt ljsf; sfo{qmd, lbuf] e"–Joj:yfkg, /fli6«o lgs'~h cfof]hgf, ;fd'bflos jg ljsf; -#* lhNnf_, hLljsf]kfh{gsf nflu jg -!@ lhNnf_, bf]nvf–/fd]5fk–cf]vn9'+uf ;fd'bflos jg, l;Gw'–sfe|] jg ljsf; cfof]hgf, l;Gw'–sfe|] e"–;+/If0f cfof]hgf / k|fs[lts ;|f]t Joj:yfkg ;]S6/ sfo{qmd klxnf] k|fyldstfdf 5g\ .

jg cg';Gwfg tyf ;j]{If0f, jg tflnd, jg Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf, ;fd'bflos jg ljsf; sfo{qmd -s]Gb|_, jGohGt' cf/If, jg tyf jg pBd sfo{qmd, lhNnf e"–;+/If0f sfo{qmd, lzjflns efj/ hnfwf/ ;+/If0f, ;fd'bflos ljsf; tyf jg hnfwf/ ;+/If0f cfof]hgf, ;nf{xL–dxf]Q/L r'/] hnfw/ Joj:yfkg cfof]hgf, h8La'6L k|a4{g cfof]hgf bf];|f] k|fyldstf qmddf k/]sf 5g\ . pBfg ljsf; cfof]hgf, jfudtL hnfwf/, hnfwf/ Joj:yfkg, /];'"uf l6sf}nL tflnd, k|rf/–k|;f/ sfo{qmd, r'l/of jg ljsf; / jg ;Da4{g tyf j[If ;'wf/ sfo{qmdx¿ tNnf] k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ .

e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkgsf d'Qm sd}of k'gM:yfkgf tyf j[lQ ljsf;, dfnkf]t clen]v ;'/Iff tyf ;'b[9Ls/0f, /fli6«o ef}uf]lns ;"rgf k"jf{wf/ sfo{qmd, /fli6«o e"–pkof]u sfo{qmd, e"–;"rgf tyf clen]v klxnf] k|fyldstfdf 5g\ eg] lsQfgfkL bf];|f]df / vuf]n tyf e"–dfkg, :yn¿k gfkL / e"ld Joj:yfkg k|lzIf0f s]Gb| t];|f] k|fyldstfdf em/]sf 5g\ .

;8s If]qcGtu{t ljZj]Zj/k|;fb sf]O/fnf dfu{ -ag]kf–l;Gw'nL–alb{af;_, /fKtL dfu{ -;Nofg–d';Lsf]6_, s0ff{nL /fhdfu{ -;'v]{t–h'Dnf_, dxfsfnL /fhdfu{ -a}t8L–bfr'{nf_, j;Gtk'/–r}gk'/–vf“baf/L, gf/bd'lg y'n'ª dfu{ -lxn]–n]u'jf3f6–ef]hk'/_, s6f/L–cf]vn9'+uf–l5~r'–hfh/sf]6, hok[YjLaxfb'/ dfu{ -vf]8\k] aemfª_ ;f“km]au/–dft{8L, s0ff{nL /fhdfu{ -dfGdf–sfnLsf]6_ rf}yf] ;8s ;'wf/, j]zL;x/–rfd] /f]8 d]G6]g]G; P08 8]enkd]06 k|f]h]S6 / ljleGg ;8ssf] dd{t ;'wf/nfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf] 5 .

d]rL /fhdfu{ -lkmlbd–tfKn]h'ª v08_, ;u/dfyf /fhdfu{sf] ufO{3f6–lbSt]n v08, sflGt /fhky, lqe'jg /fhky, Onfd–dfOkf]v/L ;Gbsk'/, lkmSsn, >L cGt' 8f“8f, j;Gtk'/, t]x|y'd k'iknfn dfu{ -lvlDt dGynL_, 5x/] 6f]vf uN5L b]jL3f6, ;'v]{t–/fgLdQf–b}n]v -k'n;d]t_ ;f“km]au/–d+un;]g, bz/yrGb dfu{ -;tafem–a}t8L–em'nf3f6_, x'nfsL ;8s, pds lr;fkfgL–rt/f–ufO{3f6, s6f/L, tNnf] 8'ª\u|]Zj/ ;ftvDaf, b'Nn' kLknsf]6 b}n]v, xf]n]/L r'gfjfª, sfnfsf/L, ;Nn]ahf/, b]j:yn sg}8f“8f rf}/hxf/L 8f]Nkf u'NdL–kf6LnNgf rf}/ ;'v]{t, lqz'nL :ofDk'a];L, /;'jfu9L, 6gsk'/ ln+s/f]8, d';Lsf]6–a'lt{jfª, uf]/vf–dgf]sfdgf, b|Jo zfx dfu{ -cj'jf ;ft bf]af6f], n'O{+6]n, dWo]s -l;/fg8f“8f_, sf7df8f}" pkTosf ;x/L ;8s, ld/r}of s6f/L, rsrs] lnjfª, k'n lgdf{0f / k'n–k'n];f ;+/If0f, d'cAhf, d]l;g dd{t;Def/, oflGqs pks/0f vl/b, of]hgf, sfo{qmd cg'udg d"Nof+sgdf -e"–jftfj/0f cWoog tyf cGo sfo{qmdx¿_ cGo ;x/L ;8s, ;8s tyf k'nx¿sf] ;DefJotf cWoog tyf lj:t[t ;e]{If0f, ;8s af]8{, afUn'ª–a]gL–hf]d;f]dh:tf cfof]hgfx¿ k|fyldstfsf] bf];|f] ;"rLdf 5g\ .

uu/] nAw'–;d'Gbf/ uNkm eG~ofª, ;8s oftfoft cltqmd0fdf lgoGq0f, ;Ldf ;'/Iff / s]Gb|Lo :t/sf qmdfg'ut ;8s cfof]hgfx¿ t];|f] k|fyldstfdf emfl/Psf 5g\ .

;+rf/lt/ o;jif{ g]kfn 6]lnlehg, u|fdL0f b"/;+rf/ ;lxt b"/ ;+rf/ ;+:yfg, x'nfs ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgf, /]l8of] k|;f/ ;]jf ljsf; ;ldlt, b"/;+rf/ If]q ;'wf/ cfof]hgf / ;+rf/ ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgf k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ . ;'/If0f–d'b|0f cfof]hgf, /f;; ;'b[9Ls/0f, k|]; ;"rgf ;'b[9Ls/0f, k|]; sfplG;n / rqmsf]if x'nfs låtLo k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ .

pBf]u tyf vfgL If]qsf hDdf b'O{j6f of]hgf klxnf] k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf 5g\ . h;df ljefucGtu{t @& lhNnfsf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|jw{g sfo{qmd / $* lhNnfsf ;ldltcGtu{tsf ;f]xL sfo{qmd 5g\ . 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|lzIf0f s]Gb|, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf; ;ldlt, jftfj/0fLo If]q ;xof]u sfo{qmd bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf 5g\ eg] cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo ljsf; k|lti7fg, g]kfn u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n cfof]hgf, cf}Bf]lus tYofÍ k|0ffnL ;'wf/ / cg'udg, k]6«f]lnod cGj]if0f, e"–j}1flgs ;j]{If0f tyf cg';Gwfg, /fli6«o e"sDk dfkg s]Gb| ;+rfng cfof]hgf, vlgh cGj]if0f tyf ljsf; cfof]hgf clGtd k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ .

hnljB'ttkm{, sfnLu08sL …PÚ dWod:ofª\bL, x]Nb'ª, uduf8h:tf cfof]hgf, l;Gw'–bf]nvf ljt/0f nfOg, u|fdL0f ljB'tLo tyf ljt/0f ;'b[9Ls/0f, s}nfnL–s~rgk'/ u|fdL0f ljB'tLs/0f, cGo u|fdL0f ljB'tLs/0f, ;fgf hnljB't u'¿of]hgf ef/k|]if0f s]Gb| lj:tf/, 7"nf tyf demf}nf hnljB't cWoog, ljB't ljsf;df lghLIf]qsf] k|jw{g, jx'p2]ZoLo cfof]hgf cWoog, ;fgf hn ljB't, hnljB't cfof]hgf;DaGwL dfkb08 th'{df, ljB't ljsf; sf]if / hn;|f]t /0fgLlt bf];|f] r/0fsf sfo{qmdx¿ o;jif{sf] klxnf] k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ .

dWod:of{ËbLsf] 3/–l5d]s ;xof]u sfo{qmddf yfgsf]6–rfkfuf“p–eQmk'/ !#@ s]=eL k|;f/0f, ## s] eL tyf ;j:6]zg cfof]hgf, k|zf;g k|0ffnL ljsf;, jg]kf–kf“rvfn ;j:6];g ljt/0f k|0ffnL ljsf; cfof]hgf / rd]lnofu9, hnfzoo'Qm cfof]hgfsf] 5gf}6 / ;DefJotf cWoog, ;Ktsf]zL ax'p2]ZoLo cfof]hgf / hnzlQm cfof]u bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ .

To:t} !#@ s]eL tyf k|;f/0f nfOg lj:tf/, u|fdL0f ljB't ljt/0f k|zf;g cfof]hgf, s'n]vfgL t];|f], sDKo'6/fOh ljlnª / ax'rlr{t k+r]Zj/ ax'p2]ZoLo cfof]hgf k|fyldstfsf] t];|f] ;"rLdf 5g\ .

ko{6g If]qdf If]qLo ko{6g k|a4{g / Osf]6'l/HdnfO{ dfq klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf] 5 . ko{6sLo, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0f, kj{tLo ko{6g tyf ko{6g pBf]u, g]kfn ko{6g tyf xf]6n Joj:yfkg k|lti7fgnfO{ bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o ;Dks{ tyf ko{6g ahf/ 8s'd]G6]zg cg';Gwfg tflndnfO{ t];|f] k|fyldstfdf emfl/Psf] 5 .

;+:s[lt If]qcGtu{t ljZj ;Dkbf If]q ;+/If0f cfof]hgf, kz'klt If]q / n'lDagL ljsf; sf]if, k'/ftflTjs :yn ;+/If0fnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstfdf ;/sf/n] kf/]sf] 5 . t/, uf]/vf b/af/ ;+/If0f / hgsk'/ If]q ljsf; bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ . ;+:s[lt k|a4{g, /fli6«o k|ltdf :df/s sf]if, /fhsLo k|1f–k|lti7fg, ;f+:s[lts ;+:yfg k|fyldstfdf ;a}eGbf k5fl8 5g\ .

s/d'Qm lgof{t k|zf]wg s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf jfl0fHo If]qsf] Psdfq k|fyldstfdf k|fKt cfof]hgf ePsf] 5 . Jofkf/, ;"rgf tyf lgof{t ;xof]u, lgof{t k|a4{g sf]if / g]kfn dlN6df]8n 6«]lGh6 P08 6«][8 km]l;ln6];g cfof]hgf o; If]qdf sd k|fyldstf k|fKtsf] ;"rLdf r9]sf 5g\ . @@ j6f b'u{d lhNnfdf s'i7/f]u lgoGq0f / #^ j6f lhNnfdf vfBfGg cfk"lt{ k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|a4{g, Joj;fohGo ;':jf:Yo / ;'/Iff, oftfoft Joj:yf ;'b[9Ls/0f / Joj;flos k|lzIf0f s]Gb|nfO{ >d tyf oftfoft If]qsf] pRr k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf] 5 . t/, ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s]Gb|, afn>d lg/LIf0f / /f]huf/ ljlgod ;]jf cfof]hgf tNnf] ;"rLdf emfl/Psf] 5 .

cfsf/ / ljefuLo sfo{hfnf]sf] cfwf/df ;fgf] 7flgPsf lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfnocGtu{t gLlt lgdf{0f tyf ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f, hnlj1fg, xfjfkfgL lj1fg, df};d k"jf{g'dfg, R5f]/f]Nkf ljikmf]6g k"j{ ;+s]t tyf Go"gLs/0f cfof]hgf, j}slNks pmhf{ k|a4{g s]Gb|, h}ljs Uof“;, n3'hnljB't tyf j}slNks pmhf{, gjLs/0fLo pmhf{h:tf sfo{qmd k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf 5g\ . ;"rgf k|ljlw kfs{, af9L eljiojf0fL, lxdgbL tyf lxdhn lj1fg bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf 5g\ eg] /f]gfi6 / jLkL sf]O/fnf Knlg6f]l/od t];|f] k|fyldstfdf 5g\ .

a}+lsª If]qdf kz' ladf, ljQLo e"ld;'wf/, ljQLo ;'zf;g, u|fdL0f n3'ljQ cfof]hgf / s[lif ljsf; a}+s ljljwnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf] 5 . s[lif ljsf; a}+ssf] z]o/ nufgL, zLt3/ lgdf{0fdf Aofh cg'bfg, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, z]o/ nufgL, ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg ;'wf/ sfo{qmd bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf 5g\ eg] C0f c;'nL GofofwLs/0f t];|f] k|fyldstfdf 5g\ .

lzIfftkm{ lgMz'Ns kf7\ok':ts ljt/0f, lzIfs lzIf0f cfof]hgf, ljBfno x:tfGt/0f, ;fd'bflos ljBfno ;xof]u sfo{qmd, cfwf/e"t tyf k|fylds lzIff sfo{qmd, dlxnf lzIff, ;lxb ;Gtfg 5fqj[lQ / /fli6«o 5fqj[lQ sfo{qmd klxnf] k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ .

;L6LO{eL6L, lzz' ljsf; sfo{qmd, dfWolds lzIff ;xof]u, cgf}krfl/s lzIff tyf /fli6«o ;fIf/tf cleofg, k|fylds ljBfno, kf}li6s cfxf/, ef}lns ;'ljwf lj:tf/ / dgdf]xg kf]ln6]lSgs k|lti7fg bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ eg] pRr dflj lzIff kl/ifb\, /fli6«o v]ns'b kl/ifb\, a"9fgLns07 :s'n, hg;+Vof lzIff PsfO, ljZj ljBfno cg'bfg cfof]u lgDg k|fyldstfdf em/]sf 5g\ . :jf:Yosf] If]qdf !( j6f klxnf] k|fyldstfdf k|fKt sfo{qmdx¿ 5g\ . h;df :jf:Yo, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd, ;¿jf /f]u, k|;"lt u[x, Ifo/f]u, P8\; tyf of}g/f]u, kl/jf/ lgof]hg tyf dft[lzz' Pj+ dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsf, lj:tfl/t vf]k / kf]lnof], emf8f–kvfnf, Zjf;k|Zjf;–kf]if0f, Olyl8leof]nf]hL, cf}nf], sfnfhf/, s'i7/f]u, cf}iflw / pks/0f cfk"lt{, :jf:Yo lzIff ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ s]Gb|, /fli6«o tflnd, sL6hGo /f]u lgoGq0f–cg';Gwfg tflnd, bf]nvf–/fd]5fk–u|fdL0f :jf:Yo ljsf; kl/of]hgf / PsLs[t lhNnf :jf:Yo sfo{qmd 5g\ .

cfo'j]{b ljefu, :jf:Yo cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\, g]qHof]lt ;+3, cfo'j]{b lrlsT;fno, :jf:Yo k|of]uzfnf c:ktfn lgdf{0f ;'wf/h:tf sfo{qmd bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf 5g\ eg] cf}iflw Joj:yf, :jf:Yo ;+:yf cg'bfg, l;+xb/af/ j}Bvfgf, jLkL sf]O/fnf cf“vf pkrf/ cWoog cg'udg, d"Nof+sg / of]hgf ;'b[9Ls/0f t];|f] k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf 5g\ .

vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO If]qsf ;x/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO k'gM:yfkgf cfof]hgf, a[xt\ 9n lgsf; cfof]hgf, vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; sfo{qmd, gof“ ;x/df k|0ffnL ;'wf/ sfo{qmd, /fli6«o ;"rgf Joj:yfkg tyf cg'udg cfof]hgf, dd{t ;'wf/, l8k 6\o'aj]n tyf ld6fl/d vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf, ;fgf ;x/L vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf, jiff{t\sf] kfgL ;+sng cfof]hgf, ;fd'bflos vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf, d]nDrL vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf, d]nDrL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf, u|fdL0f vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO sf]ifnfO{ / cGo vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx¿ klxnf] k|fyldstfdf lbP/ k"/f ul/g] 5g\ eg] klZrdf~rnsf] u|fdL0f vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf, u|fdL0f vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO sf]if, hg;fwg ljsf; cfof]hgf, vfg]kfgL r'xfj6 lgoGq0f tyf dd{t / vfg]kfgL pTkfbg j[l4 sfo{qmd bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf 5g\ . w/fg, a'6jn, dfgu9 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf / jfudtL If]q ;lxt 9n lgdf{0f cfof]hgf t];|f] k|fyldstfdf 5g\ .

:yfgLo ljsf;sf em08} Ps bh{g sfo{qmdx¿ pRr k|fyldstfsf ;fy ;DkGg ul/g] 5g\ . o:tf k|fyldstfdf k|fKt sfo{qmddf klZrdL, pRr kxf8L, ul/aL lgjf/0f cfof]hgf, lhNnf ;8s sfo{qmd, u|fdL0f kx'"r sfo{qmd a[xt\ Pj+ :yfgLo :t/sf emf]n'Ë] k'nx¿sf] lgdf{0f dd{t, uflj; cg'bfg, lhlj; cg'bfg, klZrd t/fO{ ul/aL lgjf/0f cfof]hgf, u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ cfof]hgf, u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd, u|fdL0f ;fd'bflos k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd, pk]lIft, pTkLl8t blnt ju{ pTyfg
ljsf; ;ldlt, cflbaf;L, hghflt pTyfg k|lti7fg -k|hf / u'Dkf ;d]t_ 5g\ .

To:t} :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]u, kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd, b'u{d Pj+ ljz]if If]q ljsf;, lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{no, u|fdL0f vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;Nnfx cfof]hgf, PsLs[t hg;+Vof tyf k|hgg :jf:Yo, u|fdL0f ljsf;, gu/kflnsf cg'bfg, :yfgLo ljsf; lgdf{0f Pj+ s[lif ;8s, u|fdL0f ;8s ;Def/ sf]if, :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g ;'b[9Ls/0f, afn tyf dlxnf ljsf;sf nflu ljs]lGb|t sfo{qmd bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf 5g\ .

:yfgLo :t/df jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg, :yfgLo ljsf; k|lzIf0f k|lti7fg / hgzlQm ;+rf/ tyf of]hgf cg'udg Go"g k|fyldstfdf /x]sf 5g\ . /fli6«o hg;+Vof / jftfj/0f ;+/If0f sfo{qmd pRr k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ .

dlxnf ;zlQms/0f, ;dfhsNof0f sfo{qmd, afn / dlxnf ljsf; sfo{qmd pRr k|fyldstfdf 5g\ . dlxnf ljsf;, dlxnf ;Lk ljsf;, dlxnf :jfjnDag tyf /fli6«o Ifdtf ;'b[9Ls/0f, hfu[lt dlxnf cfo–cfh{g / /fli6«o ckfË dxf;+3 k|fyldstfsf] tNnf] ;"rLdf 5g\ .

;x/Ls/0fnfO{ ;fgf ;x/–ahf/ ljsf; jf u|fdL0f ljsf;, PsLs[t sfo{d"ns ;x/L ljsf; of]hgf, ljz]if, ef}lts tyf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; cfof]hgf, gu/ ljsf; sf]if ;ldlt, ;x/L tyf jftfj/0f ;'wf/ cfof]hgf k|fyldstfdf k/]sf 5g\ . ;x/L If]q tyf ahf/ cWoog s]Gb|, sf7df8f}" pkTosfsf gu/ljsf; ;ldlt, ejg lgdf{0f ;+lxtf, jfudtL, lji0f'dtL, s/L8f]/ ;+/If0f, /fi6«;+3 kfs{, lji0f'dtL ln+s/f]8 / l;+xb/af/ k'glgdf{0f k|fyldstfdf tn 5g\ .

o; jif{sf k|fyldstf k|fKt cGo sfo{qmdx¿df ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] :yfkgf, /fli6«o ljsf; :jo+;]js ;]jf, u0f]zdfg l;+x zflGt cleofgcGtu{t åGåkLl8t k'gM:yfkgf / dlGqkl/ifb\ ;lrjfnosf] lg/LIf0f tyf cg'udg cfof]hgf 5g\ .

To:t} /fh:j k|zf;g ;'b[9Ls/0f, tYof+s ljefusf] of]hgf, cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ;'b[9Ls/0f, kfl/jfl/s hLjg:t/ ;j]{If0f pRr k|fyldstfdf 5g\ eg] u[xdGqfnosf] ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f, nfu" kbfy{ lgoGq0f, cy{sf] :jrflnt eG;f/ tYof+s ;"rgf k|0ffnL, sfo{bIftf ;'wf/ OsfO, ;xfotf Joj:yfkg ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf g]S; / tYof+s ljefucGtu{tsf] hgu0fgf, g]kfn ax'p2]ZoLo ;"rf+s cfof]hgf / tYof+s ljsf; cfof]hgf bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf kfl/Psf 5g\ .

dxf;+3df $ ;o #$ dtsf] ;Ddfgsf] k|Zg

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf ljgf]baxfb'/ >]i7nfO{ clxn];Dd s'g} cK7\of/f] cfOxfn]sf] 5}g . pxf“n] k|yd, låtLo, t[tLo / rt'y{ pkfWoIf jf sfo{ ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx¿ ;j{;Ddt 9+un] g} rog ug'{ef] . lgjf{rgsfndf ePs} tfnd]n cg';f/ r08L/fh 9sfn k|yd pkfWoIf, lbjfs/ uf]N5f låtLo pkfWoIf, ;'/h a}B t[tLo pkfWoIf / /f]lx0fL yklnof rt'y{ pkfWoIf Pj+ /f]huf/bftf kl/ifb\sf] ;efklt rog x'g'ePsf] 5 .

gof“ g]t[Tj nflu cfpg] lbg Tolt ;xh 5}g . clxn] /fli6«o k|ltlglwTj x'g] 7fp“x¿df dxf;+3sf k|lt:kwL{ ;+u7gx¿sf] zfg, dfg, cfsf/ / :j/ k|efjL b]lvg yfn]sf] 5 . xfn} dfq cWofb]zdfkm{t\ NofP/ ;fj{hlgs hfgsf/Ldf NofOPsf] ah]6sf ;DaGwdf l6Kk0fL ;'lgof], g]kfn pBf]u kl/;+3n] lbPsf w]/} ;'emfj ;dflji6 ul/P5 . sltko 7fp“df t kl/;+3sf] gfd} :ki6 lsl6Psf] 5 . To:tf] ;f}efUo g]kfnsf lghL If]qsf pBdLx¿sf] 5ftf ;+u7g dxf;+3n] kfPg . oBlk o;sf] nfdf] / ul/dfdoL Oltxf; klg lyof] .

gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf cfkm\gf k|ltåGåLeGbf ! ;o !@ dtn] dfq ljhoL aGg'ePsf] 5 . s'n dtbftf (*) sf] lx;fa ubf{ cfkm\gf k|lt:kwL{ 8f= uf]kfn >]i7n] kfpg'ePsf] $ ;o #$ dt em08} cfwf dtbftfsf] efjgfnfO{ pk]Iff u/]/ pxf“n] lx"8\g ldNb}g . ltgsf] efjgfsf] pk]Iff eof] / ltgn] dxf;+3;“usf] cfj4tf jf ;b:otf r6Ss} 5f]l8lbP eg] dxf;+3sf] cl:tTj / ul/df lbp“;} aQL afn]/ vf]Hg'kg]{ cj:yfdf k'U5 .

o;} klg clxn]sf] g]kfnsf] cfly{s / /fhgLlts cj:yf cg's"n 5}g . To;dfly k|s[ltn] klg wf]sf lbPsf] lbPs} 5 . Psflt/ cfly{s, ljQLo ;'wf/, ;+:yfut ;'zf;g / ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] k|j]zsf nflu To; cg's"nsf ljQLo jf sfg'gL k"jf{wf/sf] vf“rf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ cfGtl/s czflGt / dGbLsf sf/0f pBf]uwGbf w/fzfoL ePsf pBdL Jofkf/Lsf] Joj;fosf] /Iffsf] k|Zg 5 . oL b'O{aLr sxL" st} tfnd]n x'g] ;Defjgf 5}g . o:tf]df cfkm"nfO{ ljsf;sf] ;fem]bf/sf] bfj]bf/ 3f]if0ff ug]{ dxf;+3n] ljb]zL bftf;fd' cfkm"nfO{ s;/L pEofp“5 / :jb]zL pBdLsf] :jfy{/Iff s;/L u5{ < ;Dk"0f{ Joj;foLsf] efjgfsf] sb/ gu/L Psf+sL ¿kdf lx"8\g vf]Hof] eg] jt{dfg g]t[TjnfO{ lgs} l56f] 7]; nfUg] 5 . h;sf] rf]6sf] cg'dfg clxNo} ug{ ;ls"b}g .

dxf;+3sf] ;+/rgfdf k/flht kIfsf dtbftf jf s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox¿n] cfkm\gf] cfjfh p7fpg] pko'Qm kmf]/d 5}g . To;sf nflu csf]{ ;fwf/0f;ef g} kv{g'kg]{5 . To;}n] cu|hx¿sf] cfzL{jfb, dfu{bz{g / k|lt:kwL{x¿sf] ;b\efj / ;dy{gljgf PSn} p8\g] w[i7tf ug{' jt{dfg g]t[Tjsf lglDt lgs} dx"uf] x'g;S5 .

lsgls 3f“6L 3f“6L;Dd cfPsf k|lt:kwL{x¿ csf]{ To:t} df}sfsf] k|tLIffdf kSs} x'G5g\, hxf“ clxn]sf] dt kl/0ffd pN6g ;sf];\ . Tof] l9nf]df csf]{ r'gfjsf] ¿kdf klg x'g;S5 . ;fjwfg g/x] cufl8 klg cfpg ;S5 .

qm]l86 P08 sdz{sf] @% s/f]8 d'gfkmf ug]{ nIo †

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . g]kfn qm]l86 P08 sdz{ a}+s lnld6]8n] rfn" cfly{s jif{df ¿= @% s/f]8sf] ;+rfng d'gfkmf ug]{ nIo ls6fg u/]sf] 5 .

pQm a}+ssf tkm{af6 cl3Nnf] xKtf /fhwfgLdf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf a}+ssf k|aGw ;~rfns g/]Gb| e§/fO{n] eGg'ef], æcfly{s jif{ @)%(÷^) ;Dd qm]l86 P08 sdz{n] $ ca{ @( s/f]8 ljQLo kl/rfng / # ca{ #$ s/f]8sf] shf{ nufgL ubf{ ut jif{ dfq ;+rfng d'gfkmf !) s/f]8 ¿k}of“ x'g k'u]sf] lyof] / v'b d'gfkmf ¿= ( s/f]8 .Æ

pxf“sf cg';f/ a}+sn] o;jif{ lgIf]k kl/rfng ¿= ^ ca{ %) s/f]8 k'¥ofpg]5 . shf{ nufgL % ca{ @% s/f]8 ¿k}of“ . Tolt sf/f]af/ ubf{ nIo ;xh} k|fKt x'g]5 .

>Ln+sf / g]kfnL pBdLx¿sf] ;+o'Qm nufgLdf v'n]sf] …g]kfn a}+s ckm l;nf]gÚ utjif{ g]kfnLx¿sf] k"0f{ :jfldTjdf cfPkl5 o;sf] gfd dfq kl/jt{g ePg, o;n] cfkm\gf] sfo{;Dkfbgdf klg lgs} ;'wf/ u/]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ a}+sn] nufgL u/]sf] shf{ p7\g g;s]/ lgliqmo shf{sf] dfq em08} $@ k|ltzt k'Ug uPkl5 g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] a}+s ;+rfnsnfO{ lgliqmo shf{sf] c+z ! jif{leq @% k|ltztdf emfg{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] . k|aGw ;~rfns e§/fO{sfcg';f/ c;f/ d;fGt @)^) df ;f] shf{ ;Ldf @% k|ltztleq ;Lldt /xg uPsf] 5 .

k'/fgf] shf{ c;'nLdf tLj|tf, v/fa shf{ juL{s/0fdf gof“ Joj:yf / lwtf] lnnfdL k|lqmofaf6 a}+sn] cfkm\gf] l:yltdf ;'wf/ NofPsf] bfaL ;~rfnsx¿sf] 5 . rfn" cfly{s jif{leq lgliqmo shf{sf] cg'kft cem 36fP/ cf};t g]kfnL -!( k|ltzt_ Nofpg] bfaL klg ;+rfnsx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .

qm]l86 P08 sdz{ a}+sn] xfn} dfq lj/f6gu/, jL/u~h / s~rgk'/df cfkm\gf zfvfx¿ lj:tf/ u/]sf] 5 . lgs6 eljiod} kf]v/f / cGo d'Vo zfvfdf cfkm\gf] ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{ tof/L klg ul//x]sf] 5 .

g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] lgb]{zgcg'¿k cfkm\gf] k'"hL sf]if j[l4sf nflu a}+sn] ;+:yfksx¿af6 b'O{ z]o/ a/fa/ yk Ps xsk|b z]o/ lbP/ k'"hL #% s/f]8af6 $( s/f]8 k'¥ofPsf] 5 . k'"hL c¿ a9fpg o;n] # dlxgfleq} @! s/f]8 a/fa/sf] z]o/sf] ;fj{hlgs lgisf;g ug]{ ePsf] 5 . jrtstf{nfO{ cfkm"lt/ cfslif{t ug{ ¿= % nfvsf] lgMz'Ns b'3{6gf ladf, !) xhf/sf] pkrf/ ;'ljwf, :j0f{afn ;'/Iff vftf, :j0f{ dlxnf ;'/Iff vftf / jrt vftfdf b}lgs df}Hbftdf Aofhh:tf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul//x]sf] qm]l86 P08 sdz{ cfp“bf lbgdf cem k|lt:kwf{Tds ¿kdf rNg] bfaL ;+rfnsx¿sf] 5 .

lghLs/0fkl5 lrof dhb'/x¿sf] ;'ljwf s6f}tL

czf]ss'df/ afGtjf

Onfd . jiff}{"b]lv sdfgdf sfd ub}{ cfO/x]sf lrof dhb'/x¿nfO{ oltv]/ sfdk|ltsf] df]x 36\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . lghLs/0f ePkl5 /fd|f] ;]jf–;'ljwf kfpg] cfzf af]s]sf pgLx¿nfO{ yk ;'ljwf geO{ pN6} kfO/x]sf] ;'ljwfx¿ klg sfl6"b} hfgfn] lbgfg'lbg To; sfdk|ltsf] df]x 36\b} uO/x]sf] xf] .

ef/tsf] k~rsGof ;+3fO{ u|'kaf6 lrof sdfgx¿ lghLs/0f ul/Pkl5 ef/tLo lrof dhb'/x¿n] hlt g} tnj kfpg] cfzf pgLx¿n] af]s]sf lyP . t/ pgLx¿n] ;fljs adf]lhd g} dfl;s ^@ ;o ¿k}of“ tna kfp“b} cfO/x]sf 5g\ . lghLs/0fkl5 pgLx¿n] klxnf kfp“b} cfPsf] gf/L lbj; / Clif k~rdLsf] labf klg s6f}tL ePsf] dlxnf dhb'/x¿sf] u'gf;f] /x]sf] 5 . oL sdfgx¿df krxQ/ k|ltzt dlxnf dhb'/x¿ sfo{/t 5g\ . Onfd lrof sdfgdf dfq klg (^ hgfdWo] *$ hgf dlxnf dhb'/x¿ 5g\ .

sGofd lrof aufgsf dhb'/ lrqfv/ e§/fO{sfcg';f/ jflif{s @) lbg kfp“b} cfPsf] jif]{ ljbf xfn cfP/ cfwf dfq kfpg] u/]sf 5g\ .

tf]l8Psf] Go"gtd xflh/L @ ;o (^ lbgsf] labf 36\bf dhb'/x¿nfO{ lbOg] b;}" vr{ klg ;ft ¿lkof“ k|ltlbgsf b/n] s6f}tL x'g] u/sf] 5 . ptf xflh/ gePsf] lbgsf] tna klxnf g} s6f}tL eO;s]sf] x'G5 . lrof dhb'/x¿sf] klxnfs}h:tf] lrof sdfgn] kf“r k|ltztsf b/n] ;~rosf]ifsf nflu tna s6f}tL ug]{, ;~rosf]ifsf] k};f a}+sdf /flvg] / To;sf] Aofh dhb'/x¿n] kfpg] u/]sf lyP . t/ clxn] ;~rosf]ifsf] k};f a}+sdf g/flvPsf] Onfdsf dhb'/ cd/ du/f“tLsf] u'gf;f] 5 . pgsfcg';f/ ;+ro sf]ifsf] k};f a}+sdf g/flvgfn] cjsfz kfPsf dhb'/x¿n] To;sf] Aofh kfPsf 5}gg\ . ;~rosf]if a}+sdf hDdf ul/lbg k6s–k6s cfu|x ubf{ cfkm\gf] gfddf 5'§f5'§} vftf vf]nL hDdf x'g nfu]sf] cfZjf;g kfPsf] t/ hDdf eg] gePsf] dhb'/ du/f“tL atfp“5g\ .

lrof sf/vfgfx¿n] lbg] sfdsf] 7]Ssfdf klg lrof dhb'/x¿ ;Gt'i6 5}gg\ . 7fp“ Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df sfdsf] 7]Ssf glbO{ ;a} lrof sdfgx¿df Ps} lsl;dsf 7]Ssf glbOg] dhb'/x¿ atfp“5g\ . dhb'/x¿n] lbgdf Ps;o uf“h sndL ug'{k5{ . sGofdsf] eGbf k'/fgf] / sl/a b'O{ u'gf 7"nf uf“hx¿ ePsf] Onfdsf dhb'/x¿n] ;o uf“h lrof sndL u/]gg\ eg] Ps uf“h a/fa/ ^@ k};fsf b/n] tnadf s6f}tL x'g] ub{5 . o;}u/L lrof sf/vfgn] lbgdf cf7 306f v6fpg] t/ cf7 3G6fdf tf]lsPsf] sfd ePg eg] dhb'/x¿sf] k};f sfl6g] ub{5 . sfd ug]{ ;do / sfd b'j}df xbaGbL x'g gx'g] ljrf/ Onfd lrof sdfgsf jL/axfb'/ vftLsf] 5 . To:t} >lds P]gcg';f/ nuftf/ @ ;o $ lbg sfd ug]{nfO{ :jtM :yfoL lgo'lQm lbg'k5{ . t/ lghLs/0f ePsf lrof sdfgn] @ ;o $ lbgeGbf a9L sfd u/]sf s;}nfO{ klg :yfoL lgo'lQm lbPsf] 5}g . :yfoL lgo'lQm gePkl5 pgLx¿ sfd 5f]8\g afWo 5g\ . Onfd lrof sdfgdf dhb'/x¿sf] sdL /x]sf]n] yk dhb'/x¿nfO{ lgo'lQm lbg'kg]{ wf/0ff cd/ du/f“tL /fV5g\ .

;'ljwfjf6 jl~rt u/fp“b} nu]kl5 c;Gt'i6 ag]sf lrof dhb'/x¿sf] /fhLgfdf lbg] nx/ rn]sf] 5 . lghLs/0fcl3 $ ;o ;Q/Lhgf dhb'/x¿ /x]sf] sGofd lrof sdfgdf xfn # ;o & hgf dhb'/x¿ dfq 5g\ . cGo ! ;o ^# hgfn] ljleGg ;dodf /fhLgfdf lbO;s]sf 5g\ . ut j}zfv dlxgfdf dfq sGofdsf tf/fb]jL kf}8]n, dl0fs'df/ >]i7 / t'niff e§/fO{nufot !@ hgfn] /fhLgfdf lbPsf lyP .

/fhLgfdf lbO;s]kl5 kfp“b} cfPsf] pkbfg klg ljleGg axfgf agfp“b} Joj:yfkg kIfn] sltkonfO{ glbg] u/]sf] dhb'/x¿ atfp“5g\ . sfd ug]{ cj:yf gePkl5 /fhLgfdf lb"bf /fhLgfdf :jLs[t gx'g] / :jLs[t gePkl5 /fhLgfdfkl5 kfpg] pkbfg / ;+rosf]ifsf] k};f gkfOg] u/]sf] sGofd–@ sL hfg'sf v8\sf atfp“l5g\ . hut /fO{, hut u'¿ªnufot pgn] lbPsf] /fhLgfdf xfn;Dd klg :jLs[t ePsf] 5}g .

dhb'/x¿n] lbPsf] /fhLgfdf k|lqmof gePsf]n] :jLs[t gePsf] lhls/ sGofd lrof sdfgsf k|aGws h]= cf/= jfOafsf] 5 . t/ dhb'/x¿ eg] jfOafsf] egfO;“u ;xdt 5}gg\ . ptf @)#@ ;fndf lgo'lQm eO{ nuftf/ sfd u/]/ sGofdsf v8\saxfb'/ dxtsf] /fhLgfdf t :jLs[t eof] . t/ pgn] @)#* ;fnb]lv otfsf] dfq pkbfg / ;+rosf]ifsf] k};f kfP . af“sL ^ jif{sf] k};f xfn;Dd kfPsf 5}gg\ . pgsf] lgo'lQm–kq / sdfgsf] /lhi6f/df ;d]t lgo'lQmsf] ldlt @)#@ ;fn g} n]lvPsf] 5 .

Onfd lrof sf/vfgfdf eg] tf]lsPsf] sfd ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf gePsfn] /fhLgfdf lbg kfPsf 5}gg\ . b}lgs tf]lsPsf] gf} s]=hL= xl/of] lrof l6Kg g;Sg] / ;o uf“h sndL sf6\g g;Sg]x¿ /fhLgfdf lbg rfx]/ klg Joj:yfkg kIfn] /fhLgfdf ug{ gkfpg] eGg] u/]sfn] To;} al;/x]sf 5g\ . tf]lsPsf] sfd ug{ g;Sg]x¿ Onfd lrof sf/vfgfdf !) hgfeGbf a9L /x]sf 5g\ . ;]jf–;'ljwf s6f}tL ub}{ sl7g sfd tf]lslbP/ dhb'/x¿dfly k~rsGof u|'kn] 3f]/ cGofo u/]sf] 6«]8o'lgog dxf;+3sL dlxnf cl8{g]6/ vudfof uh'/]n atfp“l5g\ .

emfkf lhNnfsf] 6f]snf, ag]{, afx|b;L / Onfdsf sGofd, Onfd, ;f]lQmd / lrlndsf]6 u/L ;ftj6f lrof sdfgx¿ k~rsGof u|'k / >L % sf] ;/sf/aLr @)%& c;f/ !^ df ePsf] ;Demf}tfkl5 lghLs/0f ul/Psf x'g\ . pQm u|'kn] %) jif{ k|of]u u/]afkt @^ s/f]8 &! nfv w/f}6L /fvL lgudsf] d]l;gx¿df ^% k|ltzt :jfldTj x'g] u/L ;/sf/nfO{ jflif{s @ s/f]8 *@ nfv ef8fafkt
lbg] ;Demf}tfdf lrofsdfg / sf/vfgfx¿ lghLs/0f ul/Psf x'g\ .

sdnf gbLsf] s6fgLn] s/f}8f}"sf] Iflt

hgsk'/wfd . sdnf gbLsf] s6fgaf6 hgsk'/]n] slxNo} d'lQm kfpg] ePgg\ . o;k6s klg ;v'afd8fg, nSs8 / dNxlgofdf gbL s6fg tLj| x'g uof] . o;af6 s/f}8f}"sf] Iflt x'g k'u]sf] 5 . s6fgdf /f]s nfu]g eg] o;jif{ klg bh{gf“} 3/ lj:yflkt x'g] hf]lvd a9]sf] 5 . sdnf gbL 5]p5fpsf ufp“x¿ wg'iff lhNnfsf] ;aeGbf ljs6 Pj+ b'ud{ If]qsf] ¿kdf lnOG5 . jiff{ nfu]kl5 ;v'jf d8fg, nSs8, xyd'08f nufotsf afl;GbfnfO{ cfkm\g} lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd hgsk'/ k'Ug l;/xf lhNnfsf] z/0f kg'{ kb{5 .

hgsk'/–;v'jf d8fgsf] @) ls=ld= nfdf] af6f] aGb x'"bf l;/xfsf] &$ ls=ld= nfdf] af6f] to ug]{ afWotf x'g hfG5 . lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] ;8s lgdf{0fnfO{ k|d'vtf lbO{ sfd u/] klg sldzgsf] af]njfnf cWolws /x"b} cfPsf] x'gfn] ;f] af6f]x¿ cfh;Dd cw'/} /x"b} cfPsf 5g\ . /, To;sf] b'ikl/0ffd k"jL{ lsgf/fsf ufp“n]x¿n] ef]Ub} cfPsf 5g\ . gbL tg]{ xtf/f]df jif]{gL tL ufp“sf @÷$ hgfn] sdnf gbLdf cfkm\gf] hLjg pT;u{ ug]{ ub{5g\ . ;v'afd8fgb]lv nueu 8]9 ls=ld= k"j{df /x]sf] sdnf gbLn] o;jif{ ufp“sf] xn'jfO{ 6f]nnfO{ ;vfk agfPsf] 5 . >fj0f * ut] kqsf/x¿ ;f] If]qsf] lg/LIf0fdf hf“bf sdnf gbLn] @$ 306fleqdf lji0f' ;fx sfg', hf]uL ;fx sfg' / nId0f d08nsf] 3/ s6fg u/]/ @) ld6/ blIf0fdf cufl8 al9;s]sf] lyof] . x/]s jif{ sdnfsf] rf]6 ;xg afWo ufp“n]x¿ cfkm\gf] xf/–u'xf/ st}af6 g;'lgPsf]df qm'4 5g\ . t6aGw lgdf{0fsf] nflu clxn];Dd st}af6 s'g} lsl;dsf] ;xof]u cfPsf] 5}g . æxfdL t sdnf gbL;“u …pu| galgb]pm dfO{Ú eg]/ efsn ub}{ s/fp“b5f}" .Æ Ps ls;fgn] eg] . lbg/ft gbL s6fg oxL ultdf a9]df o; jiff{ sfndf ;v'jfd8fg ufp“sf] cjz]if;Dd ljnLg x'g] vt/f a9]sf] 5 . :yfgLo uflj; ;lrj e/t k+lhof/sfcg';f/ !) xhf/ hg;+Vof /x]sf] ;v'jfd8fgnfO{ sdnf gbLn] b'O{ jif{b]lv Ift–ljIft kfb}{ cfPsf] 5 . utjif{sf] C0faf6 d'lQm kfpg g;s]sf ls;fgnfO{ o; jif{ csf]{ ljklQ ylkPsf] 5 . pgLx¿ of] ljklQn] km]l/ !) jif{;Dd 6fpsf] p7fpg g;Sg] ePsf 5g\ . sdnf gbL ufp“ 5]pdf ePsf] x'gfn] ufp“jf;L /ftel/ hfuf/fd a:b} cfPsf 5g\ .

sdnf gbLn] ;v'jf d8fgsf 8]9 ;o laufxf hldgnfO{ s6fg u/]sf] 5 eg] ;o laufxf hUufdf afn'jf y'kfl/lbPsf] 5 . To:t} nSs8 ufp“df b'O{ ;o laufxf hUuf gbLn] s6fg ul/;s]sf] 5 . nfvf}" df]n kg]{ pv' afnL gfz ePsf] 5 . g]=sf= lhNnf ;lrj ljz]Zj/ ofbjsf cg';f/ ;v'jf d8fg / nSs8h:t} dNxlgofdf klg sdnf gbLn] v]tLof]Uo hUuf s6fgL ug{ yfn]sf] 5 .

gbL lgoGq0f sfof{nosf Ps hgf k|fljlwssf] egfOcg';f/ ;v'jf d8fgdf cljnDa t6aGw lgdf{0f x'g' kg]{ vf“rf] t 5, t/ gbL lgoGq0fsf] ah]6 stf–stf k'U5, To;sf] hfgsf/L pgnfO{ klg x'"b}g .

sdn ;fx

a]kQf kfl/Psf gful/ssf kl/jf/ cfGbf]ngdf pqg] †

dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng / ljb|f]xsf qmddf ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv /fHo kIfaf6 gful/sx¿ lu/km\tf/ u/L j]kQf kfg]{ qmd hf/L /x]sf]n] gful/s ;dfh lrlGtt x'gk'u]sf] 5 . ;ft jif{sf] cGt/fndf /fHo kIfn] ;of+} gful/sx¿ j]kQf kf/]sf] kLl8t kIfsf] ;+u7g -;/sf/åf/f j]kQf kfl/Psf] gful/s kl/jf/ ;dfh_ n] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

;+s6sfn k"j{ /fHon] j]kQf kf/]sf clwjQmf /fh]Gb| 9sfn, b08kf0fL Gof}kfg], ldng g]kfnL, sdnf zdf{, uf]/]axfb'/ k'sf]{6Lsf] l:ylt clxn];Dd ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5}g . To:t} @)%* d+l;/df nfu" ePsf] ;+s6sfnsf qmddf /fHokIfn] kqmfp u/L j]kQf kf/]sf k"0f{ kf}8]n, ljlkg e08f/L, lbnaxfb'/ /fO{, /fdxl/ ¿kfv]tL, gljgs'df/ /fO{, O{Zj/ nfdf, ljzfn nfdf, kf]v//fh a'9fyf]sL, uf]kfn gu/sf]6L, pd]/ ;]9fO{+, ab|L gf/fo0f tf]kgf, ;Togf/fo0f k|hfklt, u+uf/fd >]i7nufotsf ;of}+ gful/sx¿sf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs gul/Psf]df j]kQf kfl/Psf gful/ssf xhf/f}+ cfkmGtx¿ ddf{xt / lrlGtt ePsf 5f}" egL kLl8t kIfn] k|]; lj1lKt lgsfn]sf 5g\ .

dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/aLr jftf{ eO{ @)%( kmfu'g ( ut] b'j} kIfåf/f ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] cfrf/ ;+lxtfdf ltg dlxgfleq j]kQf kfl/Psf gful/sx¿sf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ug]{ pNn]v ul/P klg cfrf/;+lxtf hf/L ePsf] kf“r dlxgf laTg nfUbf klg ;fj{hlgs gul/Psf] cf/f]k kLl8t kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf] 5 .

To;f] t, t];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{ ug{ cfdGq0f ug]{ qmddf ;/sf/L k|jQmf sdn yfkfn] @)^) ;fpg ( ut] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ n]v]sf] kqdf j]kQf kfl/Psf # ;o @@ hgf gful/sx¿sf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ul/g] atfOPsf] lyof] t/ ;/sf/L kIfn] >fj0f !# ut] ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] #% hgfdf dfcf]jfbLn] ;/sf/nfO{ a'emfPsf] # ;o @@ hgfsf] ;"rLdWo] hDdf !& hgfsf] gfd dfq ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] . t/, af“sL lu/km\tf/L ul/Psf JolQmx¿sf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs gul/Psf]df xfdLx¿ yk lrlGtt ePsf 5f}", kLl8t cfkmGtx¿n] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfP . o;n] ubf{ ;/sf/sf] u}/ lhDd]jf/Lkgfsf] /j}ofaf6 xfdLx¿ afWo eP/ ;/sf/sf] cfnf]rgf ub}{ of] ;/sf/ hgtfk|lt k|lta4 5}g eGg] lgisif{df k'u]sf 5f}" . ;+u7gsf] k|]; lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 .

Ps/fh e08f/L ;+of]hs /x]sf] ;f] ;+:yfn] j]kQf kfl/Psf kl/jf/x¿sf cfkmGtx¿nfO{ l:ylt l56f] ;fj{hlgs ug{ hf]8bf/ dfu ;/sf/ ;dIf /fv]sf] 5 . cGoyf s8f bjfjd"ns / ;/sf/nfO{ g}lts ;+s6df kfg]{ cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff ug{] r]tfjgL ;d]t ;f] ;+u7gn] lbPsf] 5 . pQm ;+u7gn] gful/s ;dfh, ;+rf/ hut, sfg'g Joj;foL, dfgj clwsf/jfbL nufotdf ;a} ju{;“u j]kQf kfl/Psf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf] vf]hLsf nflu clkn ;d]t u/]sf 5g\ .

lghL nfutdf cf“vf c:ktfn

/fhlj/fh . ;g\ !(** ;fnb]lv cf“vfsf /f]uLx¿sf] pkrf/ ug]{ p2]Zon] ef8fsf 3/x¿df ;]jf k'¥ofp“b} cfPsf] rf}w/L cf“vf c:ktfn nfxfgn] lxhf]b]lv /fhlj/fhdf gjlgld{t cfkm\g} ejgdf cf“vfsf /f]uLx¿sf] pkrf/ ug]{ ePsf] 5 . /fhlj/fhdf cf“vfsf] pkrf/ ;'¿ u/]sf] klxnf] jif{ ;g\ !(** df # xhf/ ^ ;o !% /f]uLx¿ cfPsf lyP . ut jif{ ;g\ @))@ df !! xhf/ & ;o !$ /f]uLx¿ cfPsf sf/0f rf}w/L cf“vf c:ktfn nfxfgn] /fhlj/fhdf cfkm\g} ;|f]t / ;fwgn] !! nfv !^ xhf/ ^ ;o %* ¿k}of“sf] nfutdf !# s7\7f ;f9] !@ w'/ hUuf vl/b u/L ejg lgdf{0f u/]sf] lyof] . pQm s'/f nfxfgl:yt cf“vf c:ktfnsf k|zf;sLo clws[t ljGb]Zj/ dxtf] atfpg'x'G5 .

;g\ !(** b]lv ;g\ @))# sf] h'nfO{ dlxgf;Dd /fhlj/fhl:yt cf“vf pkrf/ s]Gb|af6 s'n ! nfv #) xhf/ *) hgf cf“vfsf /f]uLx¿n] pkrf/ u/fO;s]sf 5g\ . /fhlj/fhdf rf}w/L cf“vf c:ktfn nfxfgn] ejg lgdf{0f ubf{ ! s/f]8 #( nfv $! xhf/ @ ;o $& ¿k}of“ !^ k};f vr{ Joxf]g'{k/]sf] lyof] . h;dWo] lqmO6f]km/ AnfOG8 ld;g -;LaLPd_ n] #( nfv #! xhf/ $ ;o @# ¿k}of“ #! k};f cg'bfg lbPsf] clws[t dxtf] atfpg'x'G5 . /fhlj/fhdf cf“vfsf] pkrf/sf nflu ;|f]t;fwg h'6]kl5 df]/ª, ;'g;/L, emfkf tyf ;Kt/L ef/tLo ;Ldf If]qsf /f]uLx¿nfO{ ;lhnf] x'g] ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] 5 .

ljdn 7fs'/

cg';Gwfgljg} 6'l·Psf] xTof

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

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3f“6Ldf af“lwPsf] / lgwf/df 8fd a:g] u/L wfl/nf] xfltof/ k|xf/ ul/Psf] cj:yfdf nf; k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . 36gfsf] nuQ} k|x/L k|zf;gnfO{ va/ ubf{ pgLx¿n] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of b]vfP/ k|x/L gk7fO{ uflj; ;lrjs} e/df bfx;+:sf/ ug{ cfb]z u/]sf lyP . pgsf] kf]i6df6{d l/kf]6{df lgd{d oftgf lbPsf] / Tof] oftgfaf6 cTolws /Qm;|fj x'g uO{ d[To' ePsf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . æo'4lj/fdsf] cj:yfdf k|x/Ln] tTsfn} 36gf:yndf k'uL k|fs[lts d'r'Nsf lnP/ ufp“df cg';Gwfg ul/Psf] eP xTof/f t'¿Gt} kQf nfUg ;Sg] lyof]Æ –d[tssf 5f]/f eG5g\ . pgLx¿sf cg';f/ æPshgf ;fdfGo ls;fgsf] xTof /fhgLlts xTof x'g ;Sb}g .Æ

s]xL lbg cufl8b]lv pgsf a'af nLnfgfy ædnfO{ sfn gcfO{ dfg]{ eP, d]/f] vf]hL ug"{Æ egL 56k6\ofO/x]sf lyP . t/, s'g sf/0fn] To;f] eg] cfkm"nfO{ yfxf gePsf] pgn] atfP . o;n] ubf{ afa'sf] xTof/f ufp“df x'g;Sg] 5f]/fx¿sf] bfaL 5 . pgsf h]7f 5f]/f /fd b+ufn o;cl3 dfcf]jfbLåf/f ckx[t ePsf / ;'/Iffsf sf/0f pQm ;dodf ufp“eGbf aflx/ lyP eg] sfG5f 5f]/f OGb| sf7df8f}"df lyP . pgLx¿n] xTofdf ;+nUg JolQmx¿ egL c;fdfGo s]xL JolQmx¿sf] gfd k|x/L k|zf;g ;dIf lbPsf klg 5g\ . ut cfOtaf/ /fhwfgLdf pgLx¿n] kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L pQm s'/fsf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . xTof/fsf] vf]hL tTsfn ug'{kg]{ dfu Pdfn] / sf+u|];sf lhNnf :t/sf g]tfx¿n] ;d]t hf]8bf/ ¿kdf u/]sf 5g\ .

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