sf7df08f}+, efb| !$ @)^)

:yflgo ;dfrf/

;+/If0fsf] cefjdf r/Laf3 klg nf]kf]Gd'v

czf]ss'df/ afGtjf

Onfd . pQ/L Onfdsf ;fd'bflos jgx¿df kfOg] / ;+/lIft jGohGt'sf] ;"rLdf /x]sf] r/Laf3sf] ;+/If0fdf rf;f] gb]vfOPsf]n] of] nf]kf]Gd'v cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 .

Onfdsf jg–h+unx¿df oqtq kfOg] of] jGohGt' :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿n] 3/df kfn]/ ;hfpg] ul/Psf] klg kfOPsf] 5 . t/, jGohGt'sf] dxŒj ga'em]sf sf/0f ;d'bfon] o;sf] jf;:yfg ;+/If0fsf lglDt plrt kxn clxn];Dd u/]sf 5}gg\ .

Kofª uflj;sf] Kofªkftfn ;fd'bflos jgleq s]xL lbgcl3 Pp6f r/Laf3 km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . pQm r/Laf3 Kofª –( lgjf;L h+uaxfb'/ yfkfn] 3f“; sf6\g hf“bf 3fOt] cj:yfdf km]nf kf/]sf lyP . pgn] Tof] r/Laf3 l5d]sLnfO{ kfNg lbP . l5d]sL rGb|dfof /fO{n] s]xL lbg pkrf/ u/]/ tGb'¿:t ePkl5 Tof] cfkm}+ h+untkm{ uof] . of] jGohGt' ;+/If0faf/] s]xL ;d'bfodf o:tf pbfx/0fx¿ kfOP klg ltgsf] ;+/If0fdf kof{Kt Wofg hfg eg] ;s]sf] 5}g . o; jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf cWoIf k]df z]kf{sf cg';f/ To; If]qsf ufp“n]n] r/Laf3nfO{ /fd|/L lrg]sf 5g\ .

r/Laf3 pQ/L Onfdsf] uf]¿jfn] e~Hofª l5G6fk' / kf“ry/sf] n'ª¿Kkf If]qdf kfOg] u/]sf] 5 . Toxf“sf clwsf+z ufp“n]n] o;nfO{ 3/d} zf]efsf] ¿kdf /fVg] u/]sf 5g\ .

n'ª¿Kkf lgjf;L b]jL If]qL b'nfnsf cg';f/ ær/Laf3 dflg;x¿eGbf 6f9f a:g ¿rfpg] eP klg 3/df kfNbf w]/} OdfgL / n6/k6/ af]Ng ;S5g\ .Æ pgsf] of] cfkm\g} cg'ej xf] . ufp“n]x¿n] o;nfO{ …/fhk+IfLÚ klg eGg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . r/Laf3sf] 5'§} kv]"6f x'"b}g . o;sf] prfO cUnf] ePsf] 7fp“af6 %) b]lv @ ;o ld6/;Dd p8]/ kf]y|f ;dfpg] b'nfnn] atfP . r/Laf3 lxp“bofddf xf]rf] ¿vsf] 6f]8\sfdf a:g] ub{5 . Toxf“af6 6f9f efUg g;Sg] jf e'O";Dd dfq emg]{ ePsf]n] o;nfO{ kqmg ;lhnf] x'g] u/]sf] atfOG5 .

o;sf] jf;:yfg /x]sf] pQ/L Onfdsf jgh+un ljgf; x'"b} uPkl5 o;sf] cl:tTj ;+s6df k/]sf] atfOG5 . x'g t jg ;d"xsf] ljwfgdf jGohGt'sf] rf]/L tyf lgsf;L ug{ k|ltaGw nufOPsf] 5 . jgsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ lhDdf klg ;d'bfonfO{ g} lbOPsf] 5 . jg P]gcg';f/ sfg'gljk/Lt sfo{ ug]{nfO{ b08 ;hfosf] Joj:yf klg 5 . t/, lhNnfsf] jg k|zf;gaf6 jGohGt' ;+/If0f / cg';Gwfg ljifodf xfn;Dd s]xL sfo{qmd gu/]sf] lhNnf jg sfof{no Onfdsf /]~h/ nf]dgfy ltlD;gfn] atfpg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/, /fli6«o lgs'~h tyf jGohGt' ;+/If0f P]g, lgodfjnLn] jGohGt' 3/df NofP/ JolQmut ¿kdf kfNg ;d]t aGb]h nufOPsf] 5 .

tfKn]h'ªl:yt s~rgh+3f If]q ;+/If0f cfof]hgfn] cfof]hgf If]qleq r/Laf3 km]nf kf/L ;b/ lrl8ofvfgfdf a'emfPsf] lyof] . o;kl5 r/Laf3sf] rrf{–kl/rrf{ Jofks x'"b} uPsf] kfOG5 .

cfof]hgfsf sd{rf/L o'unlszf]/ 7fs'/n] r/Laf3 b'n{e / cgf}7f] ljz]iftf ePsf] hGt' xf] eGg'eof] . tLg xhf/ ld6/ prfO ePsf] kxf8L If]qdf o;sf] jf;:yfg /xG5 . ;+VofTds ¿kn] g]kfndf o;sf] u0fgf / lj:t[t cWoog gePsf] pxf“sf] bfaL 5 .

o;n] ;"of]{bosf] a]nf cfkm\gf] cfxf/f vf]Hg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . r/Laf3sf] cfxf/f d';f, r/f / ;fgf hgfj/x¿ x'g\ . o;sf] cfo' ( b]lv !# jif{sf] x'G5 . o;n] k|foMh;f] r}q dlxgfdf aRrf hGdfp“5 . ( b]lv !) xKtfaLrsf] uef{wfgkl5 o;n] b'O{÷tLgj6f aRrf hGdfpg] ub{5 . hGd]sf] tLg lbgdf aRrfn] vfg] s'/f vfG5g\ / !) lbgleq To;sf] cf“vf v'N5 . k|hggsf nflu ;f“em jf laxfgLkv ;lqmo x'g] r/Laf3nfO{ aRrf hGdfp“bf % b]lv ( lbg;Dd a]yf nfUg] u/]sf] atfOG5 .

blIf0fk"jL{ Pl;ofdf kfOg] of] jGohGt' g]kfnsf k|foM ;a} cf/If / lgs'~hx¿df kfOg] u/]sf] 5 . of] x]bf{ yf]Knf] k/]sf] la/fnf]h:t} b]lvG5 . $ lsnf];Dd jhg x'g] r/Laf3sf] j}1flgs gfd ;]ln; a]+ufn]lG;; xf] . 3/kfn'jf agfO{ 7fp“–7fp“df kflnP klg o;nfO{ s's'/n] vfOlbg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . ;+/If0fsf] nflu ;DalGwt lgsfo ;a}n] rf“8} o;sf] nflu kxn ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf 68\sf/f] ag]sf] :yfgLojf;Lx¿ atfp“5g\ .

w/fgdf e"sDks} hf]lvd a9L

k/z' >]i7

w/fg . e"sDkLo b[li6n] ;Dj]bgzLn If]q dflgPsf] w/fg gu/df s'g} klg a]nf cf7b]lv gf} x]S6/ :s]n;Ddsf] e"sDk hfg;Sg] / o;af6 Jofks wghgsf] Iflt x'g] lj1x¿n] cf}"NofPsf 5g\ .

e"sDkLo k|ljlw /fli6«o ;dfh g]kfn -Pg;]6_ n] xfn} ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] Ps cWoog k|ltj]bgn] ;f] s'/f b]vfPsf] xf] .

k|ltj]bgsf cg';f/ w/fgdf () ;fnsf]em}" ljgfzsf/L e"sDk cfPdf $) k|ltzt 3/ Wj:t x'g]5g\ . e"sDkaf6 tTsfn b'O{b]lv # xhf/ dflg; dg]{ / vfg]kfgL kfOk nfOgdf % b]lv !) k|ltzt, klDkª :6]zg !) b]lv @) k|ltzt, kfgL cfk"lt{ z'l4s/0f of]hgf !) b]lv !% k|ltzt, ljB't 6«fG;kmd{/ / 6]lnkmf]g 6fj/ % k|ltzt, :yfgLo ;8sx¿ !) k|ltzt, /fhdfu{ % k|ltzt / k'n–k'n];f @) k|ltzt hlt Iflt x'g] k|ltj]bgdf hgfOPsf] 5 .

Pg;]6 g]kfnsf lgb]{zs cfdf]bdl0f bLlIftsf cg';f/ w/fgsf] ef}uf]lns agfj6sf sf/0f t/fO{ If]qdfh:t} wf“hf kmfl6P/ e"sDk ghfg] eP klg Iflt eg] Jofks x'g]5 . pxf“sf cg';f/ w/fgdf e"sDk hfgsf nflu ;lqmo lr/fx¿ kQf nfu]sf 5g\ . tLdWo] Pp6fsf] s]Gb| w/fgsf] gL/fhg a:tL, k'/fgf] ahf/ x'"b} km';]|;Dd uPsf] 5 . af“sL b'O{ gu/ If]qeGbf aflx/ /x]sf 5g\ .

w/fgdf xfn 3/ gS;f kf; eP/ lgdf{0f ul/Psf kSsL 3/, ejgx¿ ^ xhf/ hlt 5g\ . 3/ gS;f kf; gu/L agfOPsf kSsL 3/x¿ sl/a b'O{ xhf/ % ;o hlt 5g\ . tLdWo] b'O{ k|ltztdfq e"sDk k|lt/f]ws k|ljlw k|of]u u/L agfOPsf 3/ ePsf] w/fg gu/kflnsfsf Ol~hlgo/ ;'/h >]i7n] atfpg'eof] .

w/fgdf b}lgs ;/b/ % ;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf 3/ tyf ejg lgdf{0f x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . tL ;a} 3/ tyf ejgx¿ e"sDk k|lt/f]ws z}nLdf lgdf{0f ul/P ;Defljt Iflt / b'3{6gfaf6 w]/} xb;Dd aRg ;lsg] k|fljlwsx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .

cfly{s–;fdflhs sfo{df jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ;+:yf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

k;f{ . hg;+Vof tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno Pjd\ jftfj/0f kqsf/ ;d"xsf] cfly{s ;xof]udf u|fdL0f jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ;+:yf la¿jfu'7Ln] k;f{ lhNnfsf] u|fdL0f e]usf la¿jfu'7L, afujfgf, x/k'/, dw'jg dyf}n, ;+v'jf k|;f}gL, afu]Zj/L ltqf}gf uflj;df ljleGg :jf:Yo Pjd\ /f]huf/Ld"ns sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/]sf] 5 .

;f] ;+:yfsf cWoIf s]zjgfy z'Snfsf cg';f/ ut h]7 dlxgfb]lv lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo k/LIf0f tyf cf}iflw ljt/0f sfo{qmd ;+rfng ePsf] 5 . clxn];Dd sl/a tLgxhf/ /f]uLx¿ o;af6 nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . /, otf udL{sf] sf/0f /f]uLx¿sf] ;+Vofdf j[l4 ePsf]n] k|To]s zlgaf/ ;f] :jf:Yo lzlj/ oyfjt\ ¿kdf ;+rfng x'g] cWoIf s]zjgfy z'Snfn] atfpg'eof] .

;f] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo k/LIf0f tyf cf}iflw ljt/0f sfo{qmdn] o; e]usf @# hgf bIf Pjd\ cg'ejL :jf:YosdL{x¿n] /f]huf/sf] cj;/ kfPsf 5g\ / ;fdflhs Pjd\ jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ngsf] sfddf ;lqmo e"ldsf lgjf{x ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . clxn] ;f] sfddf !* hgf dlxnf / % hgf k'¿ifx¿ sfo{/t 5g\ .

;f] ;+:yfsf sfof{no ;xfos nIdL ;'j]bLn] atfpg'eof]– æo; lzlj/n] c;xfo afnaflnsf tyf ljkGg ju{sf JolQmx¿ a9L nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ .Æ afu]Zj/LsL ljwjf t]t/Lb]jL elG5g\, æd]/f] 5f]/f] k};f geP/ prf/ljxLg tyf dg]{ cj:yfdf jiff}{"b]lv kLl8t lyof] t/ of] cf}iflw pkrf/n] dh:tf ;of}"sf afnaflnsf dg{af6 hf]luPsf 5g\ .Æ

;f] ;+:yfsf k|rf/–k|;f/ k|d'v aln/fd z'Snfsf cg';f/ o; e]usf] jftfj/0fLo tyf ko{6sLo ljsf; lj:tf/ ;lxt /f]huf/Ld"ns sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf nflu k|f/lDes sfdsf] yfngL ul/Psf] 5 . ca o;n] lrl8ofvfgf, 9'Ëf, ljxf/, lrN8«]g kfs{ agfpg] ePsf] 5 . o;n] :yfgLo a]/f]huf/ o'jfo'jtLx¿ ;+sng u/]/ gfjZos tflnd lbO{ cfo Pjd\ /f]huf/d"ns sfo{qmd klg rnfpg] ePsf] 5 . h;df h8La'6L pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg s]Gb| / ufd]{G6 pBf]usf] :yfkgfsf nflu ;+:yfsf ;+rf/k|d'v an/fd z'Snfsf cg';f/ o;df dxTjfsf+IfL of]hgf klg k/]sf 5g\ . o;sf] nflu >L % sf] ;/sf/;“u kqfrf/;lxt sf/afxL eO/x]sf] 5 .

;Kt/Lsf s'gf}nL gfsf ;+s6df

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

/fhlj/fh . /fhlj/fh s'gf}nL gfsfaf6 eO/x]sf] Jofkf/nfO{ g]kfn–ef/t ;Ldfsf] nf}sfxf Nof08 s:6d :6]zg :yfkgf u/L nf}sfxf–s'gf}nLaf6 låkIfLo Jofkf/ ;+rfng ug{] k|:tfjk|lt :yfgLo Jofkf/Lx¿n] lj/f]w k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ .

;Kt/L lhNnfsf] k|d'v Jofkfl/s gfsf g} /fhlj/fh–s'gf}nL ePsf]n] Jofkf/Lx¿n] lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . ænf}sfxf–s'gf}nL hf]l8Pdf :yfgLo Jofkf/Lx¿sf] lxtljk/Lt x'g hfG5,Æ sk8f Joj;foL ;+3 ;Kt/Lsf cWoIf yfgl;+x d+;fnLn] atfpg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ /fhlj/fh–s'gf}nL gfsfnfO{ cem Jojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpg'k5{ . ef/tLo /fhb"tfjf;n] /fhlj/fh–s'gf}nL gfsfsf] Jofkf/nfO{ nf}sfxfdf Nof08 s:6d :6]zg :yfkgf u/L cg'udg ug]{ k|:tfj NofPkl5 pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnon] nf}sfxf ;fg'{kg]{ cf}lrTo / cfjZostfsf af/]df cWoog u/L k|ltlqmof k7fpg /fKtL pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3nfO{ kq k7fPsf] 5 . t/, clwsf+z pBf]uL / Jofkf/Lx¿n] eG;f/ sfof{no ;fg'{kg]{ s'g} cf}lrTo g/x]sf] / ;fl/Pdf ;Kt/Lsf] Jofkfl/s ultljlw g} d[t x'g hfg] s'/f atfPsf 5g\ . ;Kt/L pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3åf/f cfof]lht cGt/f{li6«o sfo{qmddf gof“ k|:tfj c:jLsf/ ug'{kg]{ ;'emfj Jofkf/Lx¿n] lbPsf lyP .

sfo{qmddf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/ cfgGb/fh kf]v/]nn] ;d]t ;Kt/Lsf] k|d'v Jofkfl/s gfsf /fhlj/fh–s'gf}nLnfO{ oyfjt\ g} /fVg'kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;Kt/L pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf dgf]h d'Gxf8fn] eG;f/ ;fg{ gx'g] atfpg'eof] . ;Kt/L pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf dgf]h d'Gxf8fsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ;f] cGt/lqmofdf g]kfn–ef/t d}qL ;+3sf cWoIf 8f= kLtfDa/ emf, j}Bgfy emfn] cf–cfkm\gf] ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

Onfddf s'lx/f]af6 kfgL pTkfbg

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

Onfd . lhNnfsf] pQ/k"jL{ e]udf cjl:yt hf]udfO{" –#, d]wdfdf s'lx/f]af6 kfgL ;+sng u/]/ kfgLsf] cfjZostf k"lt{ x'g yfn]sf] 5 .

b'O{ xhf/ gf} ;o ld6/sf] prfOdf /x]sf] pQm If]qsf] ;/:jtL dfWolds ljBfnodf ut >fj0f dlxgfb]lv o; k|ljlwaf6 kfgL lgsfNg yflnPsf] xf] .

pRr kxf8L e]usf s]xL o:tf 7fp“x¿ 5g\, hxf“ kfgLsf] d"n g} x'"b}gg\ . o; If]qdf vfg]kfgLsf] lgs} g} ;d:of 5 . log} s'/fx¿nfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ vfg]kfgLsf] cfk"lt{ ug{sf] nflu Pl;ofdf g} k|yd k6s of] k|ljlwsf] ;'¿jft ul/Psf] a'lemPsf] 5 . ;/:jtL dflj d]3dfsf k|wfgfWofks rGb|axfb''/ k|wfgsf cg';f/ b}lgs ^ xhf/ ln6/ kfgL ;+sng ug{;Sg] Ifdtf /x]sf] ;f] k|ljlwaf6 xfn b'O{ xhf/ ln6/ k|ltlbg kfgL ;+sng x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

g]kfn :jf:Yosf nflu kfgL -g]jf_ lj/f6gu/sf] k|fljlws ;xof]u / :yfgLojf;L tyf hf]udfO{ uflj;sf] ;lqmotfdf rf/ nfv a/fa/sf] nfutdf pQm sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . Toxf“ *÷* ld6/sf b'O{j6f kbf{ /flvPsf] 5 . To; kbf{n] afbnaf6 kfgL ;f];]/ lnG5 clg 6\of+sLdf hDdf x'G5 . afx|}df; s'lx/f] nfUg] o; 7fp“df kfgL pTkfbgn] ljBfnodf cfjZos kfgLsf] k"lt{ ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . o;cl3 klg Onfdsf ljleGg ;+:yfn] kfgL pTkfbgsf nflu k|of; u/]sf] kfOG5 . gfd;flnª ;fd'bflos ljsf; s]Gb|n] dfa'sf] sfnkf]v/L / gof“ahf/ uflj;df s'lx/f]af6 kfgL lgsfNg k/LIf0f u/]sf] lyof] . cGttM Tof] ;kmn x'g ;s]g .

o; k|ljlwaf6 pRr kxf8L If]qdf kfgL lgsfnL vfg]kfgLaf6 jl~rt If]qdf vfg]kfgL pknAw u/fpg ;lsg] s'/f g]kfn :jf:Yosf] nflu kfgL -g]jf_ lj/f6gu/sf k|fljlws ldªdf z]kf{ atfpg'x'G5 .

;Kt/L /]8qm;df s]Gb|sf] x:tIf]k

cd/ d08n

lhNnf /]8qm; sfof{no ;Kt/Ldf cfly{s clgoldttf ePsf] cf/f]k nufp“b} s]xL kbflwsf/Lx¿n] s]Gb|nfO{ x:tIf]k ug{ cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ .

/]8qm; zfvf sfof{no, ;Kt/Lsf cWoIf hf]u]Gb| eutdfly ef/tsf] ;xof]u :j¿k kfPsf PDa'n]G;nfO{ cfkm\gf] lghL sfddf k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf tyf af9L kLl8tn] kfpg'kg]{ /fxt ;fdfu|L ljt/0f gu/L cfkm\gf] vNtLdf xfn]sf] cf/f]k;d]t nfu]sf] 5 . /]8qm;df ePsf clgoldttfsf ;DaGwdf ljleGg #! a'"bf pNn]v u/L t'¿Gt x:tIf]k ug{ cfu|x klg ul/Psf] 5 .

/]8qm; zfvf ;Kt/Lsf dGqL x/]s[i0fk|;fb l;+xsf] g]t[Tjdf !) hgf lhNnf kbflwsf/Lx¿n] s]Gb|nfO{ u'xf/]kl5 s]Gb|af6 cg'udgsf] nflu /fhb]j ofbj ;d]tsf] @ hgf 6f]nL v6fPsf] 5 .

s]Gb|df lbOPsf] ph'/Ldf /]8qm; ;Kt/Lsf OGrfh{ dbgdf]xg d08nnfO{ ^ dlxgfb]lvsf] tnaeQf gv'jfO{ ufnL a]OHht u/L sfof{noaf6 g} x6fOPsf], ;Kt/L jN8 a}+ssf] 7]Ssfk§fdf clgoldttf ePsf], To:t} ;f}/ cWoIf eutn] ;'/f–;'Gb/Lk|lt df]x b]vfP/ /]8qm;sf] k|lti7fdf g} cf“r k'¥ofpg vf]h]sf] h:tf cf/f]kx¿ 5g\ .

;+:s[t lzIffdf dlxnf cfsif{0f

uug lji6

c~h' dxh{gdf ;+:s[t k9\g] pTs6 rfxfgf knfof] . ;+:s[t k9\gs} nflu pgL clxn] efiffsf] k|lzIf0f lnO/x]sL l5g\ . pgn] ;+:s[t lzIffsf] y'k|} pkfbo]tf b]v]sL l5g\ . wd{, ;+:s[lt / ;flxTosf af/]df clws 1fg / lzIff kfpg ;Sg', cfkm\gf] js[Tj Ifdtf clej[l4 ug'{ / To;sf dfWodaf6 ;dfhnfO{ gof“ s'/f k|bfg ug'{sf cnfjf ;fdflhs r'gf}tLx¿sf] ;fdgf ug{ of]Uo aGg]h:tf y'k|} u'0fx¿ pgn] of] lzIffdf b]v]sL l5g\ .

x'g t clxn] c~h' dfq} x}g, ;+:s[t lzIff k9\g] /x/ ug]{ 5fqfx¿ -5f]/Lx¿_ y'k|} 5g\ . . jfNdLls ljBfkL7sf] dWodf txdf cWofkg/t ;'lgtf /fO{sf] egfOdf– æs'g} k'/fgf s'/fsf] vf]hL ug'{ k¥of] eg] klg ;+:s[t efiff hfGg' clgjfo{h:t} x'G5, k'/fgf s'/f k|foM ;+:s[t efiffdf n]lvPsf 5g\ . To:tf ljifosf cWoog / cg';Gwfg ug'{ k¥of] eg] ;+:s[t geO{sg x'"b}g . To;}n] klg k'/fgf / n's]sf s'/fx¿sf] cWoog ug{sf lglDt dnfO{ ;+:s[tn] cfslif{t u/]sf] 5 .Æ ;+:s[t lzIffsf ljBfyL{ ;'lgtfh:t} y'k|} o'jtLx¿n] ljleGg ljBfkL7df cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ .

;+:s[t lzIff cWoog ug]{ qmddf efiff k|lzIf0f lnO/x]sL csL{ 5fqf lgt'sf] egfOdf– æo;af6 gof“ s'/f l;lsG5 g}, kl5 ;dfhsf cGoIf]q;“u k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] s'/} klg cfp“b}g . of] efiffnfO{ jt{dfg / eljiosf r'gf}tL ;dfwfg ug]{ l:yltdf k'¥ofpg' g]t[TjbfoL c+usf] lhDd]jf/L xf] eGg] c~h'sf cg';f/ cnUu} /fi6«efiff ePsf d'n'sx¿n] cfkm\g} efiffdf ;a} sfd ug{ ;s]sf 5g\ eg] ;+:s[tnfO{ ToxL :t/df k'¥ofpg g;lsg] sf/0f 5}g klg .Æ

;+:s[tk|lt df]x hufpg wfld{s / k'/ftgjfbL ;f]rdf ;'wf/sf] vf“rf] efiff lj1x¿ cf}"Nofp“5g\ . clxn] dx]Gb| ljZjljBfnocGtu{tsf sn]h:t/sf ljBfkL7x¿df % ;o #& hgf 5fqfx¿n] ljleGg txdf cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ . k'¿if ljBfyL{x¿sf] t'ngfdf lgs} sd eP klg dlxnf ljBfyL{x¿sf] ;+Vofn] cfsif{0f 5 eGg] k|:6 b]vfPsf 5g\ . ;+:s[t efiff k"hfcfhf ug]{ sfddf ;Lldt /x"b} cfPsf] eP klg ;dfhdf k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ nIo /fv]/ 5fqf -s]6L_ x¿n] kl9/x]sf 5g\ . ;+:s[t ljZjljBfnocGtu{t dlxnf ljBfyL{x¿sf] cfsif{0fdf j[l4 eP klg ;do ;fk]If kf7\oqmd x'g ;s]sf] b]lv"b}g . oxL l:yltn] lg/Gt/tf kfPdf clxn] ePsf] dlxnf ljBfyL{x¿sf] cfsif{0fs 36\g] 8/ oyfjt 5 .

jfNdLls ljBfkL7 k|frfo{ 8f= /fdrGb| uf}td eGg'x'G5– æ5fqf -s]6L_ x¿ ;+:s[t lzIffk|lt lgs} g} cfslif{t x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . o;n] l;+uf] ;+:s[t lzIffsf] dxŒjnfO{ cem a9L k|:6\ofPsf] 5 . t/, olt x'"bfx'"b} klg 5fqf -s]6L_ x¿sf] lglDt cfsif{0f a9fpg] vfnsf sfo{qmdx¿ cfjZos 5g\ . Tof] eof] eg] of] ;+Vofdf lgs} g} j[l4 x'g] 5 .Æ ;+:s[t lzIffsf] eljio ;+s6df k/]sf] a]nfdf dlxnf ljBfyL{x¿sf] a9\bf] cfsif{0fnfO{ eg] gsfg{ ;ls"b}g . …;+:s[t k9]/ s]xL ug{ ;ls"b}gÚ eGg] hgdfgl;stfsf] cufl8 o;n] lgs} cy{ /fv]sf] lj1x¿ atfp“5g\ .

;+:s[t lzIffsf] k7gkf7gsf] Oltxf; nfdf] eP klg ;do ;fk]If ;'wf/ x'g g;s]sfn] ljBfyL{x¿sf] cfsif{0f 3l6/x]sf] 5 . 36\bf] cfsif{0fnfO{ a9fpg lzIffdf cfw'lgsL/0f x'g'kg]{ dfu ljBfyL{x¿n] ul//x]sf 5g\ . t/ ;+:s[t lzIffnfO{ cfw'lgsL/0f ug{ eg] g]t[TjbfoL lgsfon] Wofg k'¥ofpg ;s]sf] b]lv"b}g . dx]Gb| ;+:s[t ljZjljBfnon] cfkm\gf] eljionfO{ hu]gf{ ug{ lzIffnfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f ub}{ n}hfg'kg]{ /fo ljBfyL{x¿sf] 5 . ;+:s[tsf ljBfyL{x¿ eG5g\– æclxn] s]xL cfsif{0f a9\bf] eP klg ;'wf/ x'g ;s]g eg] cGttM sl7gfOx¿ cfpg] 5g\ . 5fqfx¿sf] nflu ljZjljBfnon] 5'§} / cfsif{0f Kofs]hsf sfo{qmd Nofpg'k5{ . dlxnf, blnt hghflth:tf If]qdf ljz]if cfsif{0fsf sfo{qmd Nofpg ;s] clxn]sf] ;+VofeGbf lgs} a9L 5fqf ;+:s[t lzIffk|lt cfslif{t x'g]5g\ .Æ ;+:s[t lzIffn] k"hfcfhf ug'{, wfld{s cg'i7fgdf lnKt x'g] k/Dk/fjfbL ;f]r;“u} k9\g] 5fqfx¿n] Hof]ltif, vuf]n zf:qnufotsf If]qdf y'k|} pknlAwx¿ xfl;n u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] pknlAwn] ubf{ g} 5fqfx¿df ;d]t cfsif{0f a9]sf] kfOG5 . dlxnfx¿sf] cfsif{0fdf j[l4 ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfon] Wofg lbg'kg]{ dfu ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . k|frfo{ 8f= uf}tdsf] syg 5– æxfd|f] ;dfhdf dlxnfx¿n] of] ug{ x'G5, of] x'"b}g eGg] af/j~b]hsf s'/fx¿ klxn]b]lv x'"b} cfPsf lyP, t/ Tof] s'/f s]xL jif{otf x/fP/ uPsf] 5 . To;}n] dlxnfx¿ klg of] lzIffdf cfslif{t eO/x]sf 5g\ .Æ dlxnf ljBfyL{x¿ ;+:s[t lzIffk|ltsf] cfsif{0f;“u TolQs} lg/fz klg x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . of] lzIff u|x0f u/]/ /fd|f] sfd kfpg ;ls"b}g ls eGg] pgLx¿df 8/ 5 . æTo:tf] sfo{sf] cGTo ug{ ljZjljBfnon] Wofg k'¥ofpg' k5{ .Æ pgLx¿sf] egfO 5 . t/ ;+:s[tsf ljBfyL{x¿sf] eljio lglZrt ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfo gnfu] Tof] lg/fzfn] l;+uf] If]qnfO{ g} k|efljt kfg{ ;S5 . To;}n] ;+:s[t lzIffdf cfsif{0f j[l4 ug{ bL3{sfnLg of]hgfsf] th'{df;“u} hLljsf]kfh{gsf] Uof/]G6L ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf 5 .

– gf/L r]tgf n]vdfnf

cwj}+"z] zfg]jflg, sfG5f] stf/eGbf sdhf]/ †

o;k6s /fi6«k|d'v >L % dxf/fhflw/fh;lxt /fhkl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿n] j}b]lzs e|d0fdf hf“bf cfkm\gf] /fli6«o Wjhfafxs hxfhsf] pkof]u ug{ kfOaS;]g . stf/sf] bf]xfx'"b} a]nfotsf] n08g k'Ug] /fhkl/jf/sf] e|d0fnfO{ o;k6s em08} $% jif{sf] gful/s p8\8ogsf] Oltxf; ePsf] zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudn] ;3fpg ;s]g . lsgls bf]xfdf o;n] cfkm\gf] lgoldt ;]jf ;'¿ g} u/]sf] lyPg eg] o'/f]k ;]S6/sf] p8fg klg ljdfgsf] cefjdf 8]9 jif{ cl3b]lv aGb 5 .

o;k6s g]kfnsf] /fhkl/jf/sf] ;]jf rnfpg] ;f}efUo kfof], cGt/f{li6«o p8fgdf sfG5f] dflgPsf] stf/ Po/j]hn] ;g\ !((& df @ j6f Po/a;af6 cfkm\gf] p8fg Oltxf; cf/De u/]sf] stf/ Po/j]hsf] ;kmntfsf] syf ;f9] rf/ bzssf] ofqf pd]/ kf/ u/]sf] zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudsf nflu cg'z/0f ug{ nfos 5 . em08} ;f9] ^ jif{sf] cjlwdf o;n] cfkm\gf] ljdfg ;+Vof @$ k'¥ofPsf] 5 . h;df @ ;o @$ b]lv @ ;o %) ;L6 Ifdtfsf Po/a; A300-600R, ! ;o $$ ;L6 Ifdtfsf Po/a;, A320, @ ;o #* ;L6 Ifdtfsf Po/a; A330-200 ljdfgx¿ ;]jfdf 5g\ .

of] cjlwdf o;n] dWok"j{ Pl;og / o'/f]ksf d'Vo ko{6sLo / Jofkfl/s s]Gb|x¿df cfkm\gf] ;]jf lj:tf/ u/]sf] 5 . stf/ Po/j]hsf] p8fg klqsf cf]l/S;df hgfOPcg';f/ o;n] dWok"j{df ;+o'Qm c/a Old/]6\;sf] ;f/hxf“, b'aO{, cfa'wfaL, cf]dfgsf] d:s6, ax/fOg, s'j]t, O/fssf] af;/f, ;fpbL c/]laofsf] l/ofb, h]bfx, bdbd, hf]8{gsf] cDdfg, l;l/ofsf] bdf:sd, n]jgfgsf] a]¿t, odgsf] ;fgfdf cfkm\gf] ;]jf k'¥ofPsf] 5 . To:t}, clk|msfdf ;'8fgsf] vft'{d / OlhK6sf] sfo/f] / df]/Ssf]sf] ;fAnfª\sf klg o;n] ;]jf lj:tf/ u/]sf] 5 . o'/f]kdf O6fnLsf] /f]d / ldnfg, :jLh/Nof08sf] h'l/r, hd{gLsf] k|m\of8km6{ / Do'lgv k|mfG;sf] k]l/;, n08gsf] Dofgr]:6/ / x\ofy|', ¿;sf] d:sf]df stf/n] cfkm\gf] ;]jf lj:tf/ ul/;s]sf] 5 . k"jL{, blIf0fk"jL{ / blIf0f Pl;ofsf] ahf/nfO{ klg stf/n] 5f]8]g . o;n] ef/t / kfls:tfgsf rf/rf/ 7fp“df p8fg yfNof] . kfls:tfgsf] k];fj/, O:nfdfjfb, nfxf]/ / s/frLdf o;n] lgoldt p8fg ul//x]sf] 5 eg] ef/tsf] d'DaO{, x}b/fjfb, sf]lrg, lqj]Gb|df . g]kfnsf Pl/of Dofg]h/ 1fg cd/ l;w] eG5g\, ælbNnLdf ;]jf ;+rfngsf] cg'dlt gkfP/ dfq xf], gq ;'¿ gx'g] s'/} 5}g .Æ stf/ Po/j]h / stf/sf] ;/sf/ klg cfkm\gf] p8fg lj:tf/df olt pbf/ 5g\ ls pgLx¿n] sf7df8f}"af6 dn]l;ofsf] SjfnfnDk'/ p8fg ug{ kfpg] ;Demf}tf u/] / zfxL g]kfn jfo' ;]jfn] rfx]sf] v08df bf]xfaf6 o;/L g} …lkmkm\y /fO6Ú cGtu{t o'/f]kdf ;]jf ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg] clwsf/ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ lbP . stf/n] g]kfnsf] ko{6sLo ahf/ 5f]8\g] s'/} lyPg . o;n] sf7df8f}"df xKtfsf] !! p8fg;Dd ul//x]5 . To:t} a+unfb]zsf] 9fsf, yfOn}08sf] a}+ss, >Ln+sfsf] sf]nDaf], dfnåLk, O08f]g]l;ofsf, hfstf{, lkmlnlkG;sf] dlgnf / xªsªsf] ko{6sLo ahf/df klg o;n] cfkm\gf] ;]jf lgoldt lbO/x]sf] 5 .

ca cf“vf cd]l/sf, rLg, hfkfg / ci6«]lnof

;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x] klg Joj;flos sfo{df ;/sf/L x:tIf]kaf6 d'Qm dflgPsf] stf/ Po/j]hn] clxn] cfkm\gf] cf“vf cd]l/sL ahf/df nufPsf] 5 . efjL uGtJosf] ¿kdf o;n] cd]l/sfsf] n; PGhn;, 6f]/06f], Go'of]s{ / km\nf]l/8fnfO{ lnPsf] 5 eg] rLgsf] a]Olhª, hfkfgsf] 6f]lsof] / ci6«]lnofsf] l;8\gLdf cfkm\gf] ;]jf k'¥ofpg] of]hgf klg o;sf ;fy} cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL ahf/df o;n] n08gsf] x]y|'af6 p8fg eg]{5 eg] a]Olhª, 6f]lsof] / l;8\gLsf nflu dn]l;ofsf] SjfnfnDk'/af6 .

e}/x]sf] ahf/df lbuf] / clws ;'ljwf ;DkGg ;]jf lbg] / gof“ 7fp“df ;]jf lbgsf nflu o;n] cfkm\gf] ljdfg yKb}5 . k]l/; Po/ ;f]sf cj;/df !( h'g @))# sf lbg stf/ Po/j]hn] k|mfG;sf] Po/a; sDkgLaf6 % jif{leq % ca{ !) s/f]8 8n/df #@ j6f Po/a;sf hxfh vl/b ug]{ ;Demf}tf u/]sf] 5 . pQm ;Demf}tfcg';f/ ;g\ @))$ b]lv @))* sf aLrdf A330-200/300 ;]l/hsf !$ j6f hxfh stf/n] Nofpg]5 . o;df yk ^ j6f A330 ;]l/hsf yKg ;lsg] ljsNk v'nf /flvPsf] 5 . To:t} ;g\ @))^ b]lv @)!) sf] aLrdf A340-600 ;]l/hsf b'O{ gof“ hxfh ylkg] 5 . o;df cf7j6f ylkg] ljsNk klg /flvPsf] 5 . A321 ;]l/hsf b'O{j6f ljdfg t o;}jif{sf] cGTo;Dd ylkg] 5g\ . o;} ;Demf}tf cg'¿k g} ;g\ @))$ sf] dWoaf6 Po/a;n] stf/ Po/j]hnfO{ A330-200 ;]l/hsf b'O{ ljdfg ef8fdf pknAw u/fpg] 5 .

ahf/ lj:tf/sf cg]s pkfo

!! xhf/ $ ;o #& ju{ lslddf km}lnPsf] / hDdf ^ nfv hg;+Vof ePsf] stf/nfO{ ko{6sLo uGtJo agfpg Toxf“sf] ;/sf/ / stf/ Po/n] klg dgUu] dg km'sfPsf 5g\ . cd]l/sf, a]nfot, k|mfG;, O6nL, hd{gL, Sofg8f, ci6«]lnof, Go"lhNof08, hfkfg, g]b/Nof08, a]lNhod, nSh]dju{, :jLh/Nof08, cli6«of, :jL8]g, gj]{, 8]gdfs{, kf]r'{un, cfo/Nof08, u|L;, :k]g, df]gfsf] Eofl6sg l;6L, cfO;Nof08, cGbf]/f, ;fgdfl/of], lnGr]:6fOg, a|'gfO, l;+ufk'/, dn]l;of, xªsª / blIf0f sf]l/ofdf gful/snfO{ o;n] bf]xf cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yndf %% l/ofndf !$ lbgsf] eL;f k|bfg ub{5 . o;n] ;g\ @))$ sf] …jN8{ 6«fen P08 6'l/Hd sfplG;nsf] jflif{s ;Dd]ng cfof]hgf ug]{ lhDd]jf/L klg lnPsf] 5 . h;n] stf/nfO{ ko{6sLo uGtJo agfpg ;3fpg]5 . stf/ Po/j]hsf g]kfn If]q k|aGws 1fgcd/ l;3] eGb5g\, æstf/df /fd|f ;d'Gb|aLr -lsgf/f_, 8]h6{ ;kmf/L, l;lkªsf cj;/x¿ k|fKt 5g\ . ko{6sLo uGtJo aGg ;Sg] y'k|} cfsif{0f 5g\ .Æ ;fg} d'n's eP klg o;n] ;g\ @))& sf] Pl;ofnL v]ns'b k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ug]{ ePsf] 5 .

o;n] bf]xf ljdfg:yn bf];|f] r/0f lj:tf/df !% s/f]8 8n/ nufgL ub}{5 . h;n] o;sf] Ifdtf xfnsf] #% nfv ofq' cfjfudgaf6 ^) nfv k'¥ofpg]5 . yk kf“rj6f kfls{ª j], b'O{ x\ofË/, 8\o'6L lk|m ;ksf] :yfg lj:tf/ / @ xhf/ sf/ kfls{ª If]q lj:tf/df of] /sd vr{ x'g]5 . t];|f] r/0fsf] lj:tf/df klg Po/j]hn] % s/f]8 8n/ vr{g] 5 . t];|f] r/0fsf] lj:tf/kl5 bf]xf ljdfg:yn To; If]qsf] cfsif{s ljdfg:yn x'g] bfaL g]kfnsf If]q k|aGws cd/ l;w]sf] 5 . ;'/lIft, e/kbf]{ / ofq' ;]jfk|]dL jfo';]jfdf bl/Psf] stf/sf] ;kmntfsf] /x:o csf]{ klg 5 . o;n] Jofj;flos JolQmx¿nfO{ dfq cfkm\gf] ;]jfdf lnG5 . g]kfn If]q k|aGws cd/ l;w]sf cg';f/ clxn] %% b]zsf gful/sx¿ stf/ Po/j]hsf] ;]jfdf 5g\ .

hDdf ;f9] ^ jif{ cufl8 cfkm\gf] ;]jf yfn]sf] stf/ Po/j]hsf] ;kmntf $% jif{ k'u]sf] cwj}"z] zfg]jflgsf nflu O{iof{ / cg's/0fof]Uo b'j} 5 . lgudsf ;+rfns, ;/sf/ / sd{rf/Lx¿ JolQmut nfedf x}g ;+:yfut lxtdf ;dlk{t e}lbP 6flS;Psf] lgud s'g} lbg af}"l8g klg ;S5 . /fi6« jf ;/sf/ k|d'v cfkm\g} /fli6«o Wjhfafxssf ;jf/L ug{ kfpg] 5g\ .

clwsf/L

g]kfnnfO{ 8ANo"=6L=cf]= ;b:otf / g]kfnsf zt{

oxL efb| @$ b]lv @* ;Dd d]lS;sf]sf] Sofgs'g ;x/df cfof]hgf x'g] ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] kf“rf}" dlGq:t/Lo a}7sdf g]kfnn] o;sf] ;b:otf kfpg] ePsf] 5 .

;fpg #) -cu:6 !%_ df :jLh/Nof08sf] h]g]efdf ;DkGg g]kfnsf] ;b:otf;DaGwL sfo{bnsf] a}7sn] g]kfnnfO{ ;b:otf lbnfpg ;xdlt lbPsf] 5 . o:tf sfo{bnn] cf}krfl/s a}7sdf g]kfnn] ;g\ @))@ -;]K6]Da/ !@_ / ;g\ @))) -d] @@_ df efu lnO;s]sf] lyof] .

pQm sfo{bnn] a}+sdf hjfkm lbg hfg'ePsf g]kfnL sfo{bnsf ;b:o k|r08dfg >]i7sf cg';f/ ljZjsf] Jofkf/ lgodg ug{] cGt/f{li6«o ;+u7gdf clt sd ljsl;t d'n'sx¿nfO{ k|ltlglwTj u/fpg'kg]{ afWotf 7"nf /fi6«x¿nfO{ klg lyof] . To;dWo] 8ANo"=6L=cf]= sf] ;b:otf lng] k|lqmofdf /x]sf ( d'n'sdWo] ;aeGbf w]/} r/0f kf/ u/]/ ;b:otf kfpg of]Uo cj:yfdf k'Ug nfu]sf b]z rog ubf{ sDaf]l8of / g]kfn k|fyldstfdf kg{ k'u] .

o;nfO{ w]/}n] j/bfgsf] ¿kdf klg lnPsf 5g\ . g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 sfo{bnsf] hjfkm lbg / ;Demf}tf ug{ uPsf 6f]nLsf ;b:ox¿ o;k6ssf] ;Demf}tf d'n'ssf] lxt cg's"n ug{ ;lsPsf]df b+u 5g\ . pgLx¿sf cg';f/ ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g k|j]z u/]kl5 To;sf s8f k|fjwfgx¿af6 arfpg kof{Kt ;do / zt{x¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .

zt{x¿M

pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnon] hgfPcg';f/ g]kfnn] u/]sf k|lta4tfnfO{ b'O{ efudf ljefhg ug{ ;lsG5 . -!_ Jofkf/ k|0ffnL;“u ;DalGwt lgod, ljlgod / sfg'gx¿ -@_ j:t' / ;]jfsf nflu ahf/ kx'"r cj:yf .

) k|0ffnLut k|lta4tfdf sfg'gn] cTofjZos elgPsf afx]ssf j:t' / ;]jfx¿df d"No lgoGq0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g . g]kfn klg ToxL z}nLcg'¿k lgof{t ug]{ ;b:o /fi6«x¿nfO{ kg{;Sg] k|lts"n k|efjnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL d"No lgoGq0f dfgs Jojxf/df Nofpg] 5 .

To:t} j:t' / ;]jfsf] Jofkf/;“u ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ k|zf;lgs sfo{x¿sf] zL3| k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu GofofwLs/0fsf] :yfkgf / th'{df jf k|lqmof lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . o:tf] GofofwLs/0f sfof{Gjog ug]{ k|zf;lgs lgsfoaf6 lgikIf / t6:y x'g]5 . k'g/fjnf]sg k|lqmofdf k'g/fjnf]sg of]Uo s'g} klg k|zf;lgs sfo{af6 k|efljt s'g} klg JolQm jf ;+:yf -OG6/k|fOh_n] ljgf b08;hfo" clkn ug{ kfpg] cj;/ klg ;dfj]z ePsf] x'G5 .

) j:t' / ;]jfsf] lgof{t / cfoft;“u ;DalGwt sfg'g / lgodx¿ ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf k|fjwfgx¿ cg'¿k btf{ ul/g]5 / ;a} z'Ns / s/x¿ x6fOg] 5 . cyf{t\ o;sf ;fydf clt ;f}ljWo k|fKt d'n's /fli6«o arfpsf nflu Ohfht / cGo z'Nsx¿sf] lbOPsf] ;]jf ;d]6\g -se/ ug{_ nufpg ;lsg]5 .

) d"No clej[l4 / cGtMz'Ns;lxt cfGtl/s s/x¿ clje]bL z}nLdf nufpg ;lsg] 5 .

) cfofltt ;fdfgdf nufp“b} cfPsf eG;f/ b/afx]ssf z'Ns / dxz'nx¿ b'O{b]lv !) jif{sf] ;dofjlwdf x6fpg'kg]{ . o:tf z'Ns / dxz'nx¿ k'gM Nofpg gkfOg] .

) cfoft / u}/s/ dfkb08x¿ h:tf] Ohfht, sf]6f, k|ltaGw, cg'dlt, k"j{ :jLs[lt, k"j{ Ohfhth:tf s'g} klg s'/fx¿sf] ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf k|fjwfg cg'¿k cf}lrTo ;fljt ug{ ;lsg] 5}g / ltgdflysf] kl/0ffTds aGb]h pGd"ng x'g]5 .

) eG;f/ / d"Nof+sg ;Demf}tf, Jofkf/sf k|fljlws cj/f]w ;Demf}tf, ;/;kmfO / k|lt ;/;kmfO dfkb08sf ;Demf}tfx¿ @))& sf] hgj/L ! ;Dd k"0f{ ¿kdf nfu" ug'{ kg]{5 . oL ;Demf}tfx¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu g]kfnn] ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf ;b:o / ax'/fli6«o ;+:yfx¿;“u k|fljlws ;xof]u dfq u/]sf] 5 .

) pTklQsf lgod;DaGwL kl/lw, o;sf] k|sfzg / lgwf{/0f, pTklQsf] lgod;DaGwL ;Demf}tf cg'¿k x'g]5 .

) eljiodf g]kfn k"j{–rnfgL lg/LIf0f lgsfo -OG6/k|fOh_ sf] ;]jfdf ;+nUg x'g]5 . o;n] o:tf] k|0ffnL ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] lk|–;Lkd]g lg/LIf0f ;Demf}tf cg'¿k g} x'g]5 . ;/sf/sf] gfddf ;+rfng x'g] o:tf] lgsfo klg ;+u7gs} ;Demf}tf cg'¿k ;+rfng x'g]5 / o;dfkm{t\ cfoft ug]{ cfotstf{x¿n] ;/sf/n] lnPsf] k|zf;lgs lg0f{odf u/]h:t} k'g/fjnf]sg ug{ kfpg]5g\ .

) lgof{ts d'n'sx¿n] ckgfpg] 8lDkª / cg'bfgh:tf Jofkf/sf c:jR5 tl/sflj¿4 g]kfnL pBf]ux¿nfO{ arfpg g]kfnn] P06L8lDkª, cgd]n
s/ / ;'/Iff dfkb08;DaGwL sfg'gx¿ ;b:otf kfPsf] ! jif{leq Nofpg] 5 .

) ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf ePsf jf lghL If]qsf Jofkfl/s ;+:yfx¿ h;nfO{ ljz]if ;x'lnot lbOPsf] lyof] . ltgLx¿nfO{ ljZjJofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;Demf}tf;“u tfbfTDo /fVg] u/L gof“ lgod / sfg'gcGtu{t NofOg]5 .

) ;g\ @))& sf] hgj/L ! ;Dd af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/sf] Jofkf/;DaGwL kIfsf ;Demf}tf -l6«K;_ sf] k"0f{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ . g]kfnn] s] ;'lglZrt u/]sf] 5 eg] o; cjlwdf g]kfnn] kl/jt{g ug]{ s'g} sfg'g, lgod / cEof;x¿ l6«K; ;Demf}tfsf k|fjwfgx¿ eGbf sd /xg] 5}gg\ . l6«k ;Demf}tf cg'¿k agfpgsf nflu gof“ P]g NofOg]5 . h;n] ef}uf]lns ;+s]t, PsLs[t dfu{, k|ltlnlk clwsf/, 6]«8dfs{, Kof6]G6 / cf}Bf]lus l8hfOgh:tf Jofkfl/s /x:ox¿ ;'/lIft ug]{5 . jg:kltsf hfthfltsf] ;+/If0f ug{ cnUu} sfg'g NofOg]5 . l6«k ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf nflu klg g]kfnn] k|fljlws ;xof]u dfu]sf] 5 .

) Uof6 !(($ sf] bkmf !), Uof6\;sf] bkmf # / ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf cGo ;Demf}tfx¿df :yflkt ul/Pcg'¿ksf] kf/blz{tf sfod ug{ j:t' / ;]jfsf] Jofkf/ jf l6«K;nfO{ k|efljt ug]{ ;a} lgod, sfg'g / ;fdfGo k|rlnt dfkb08x¿ cflwsfl/s /fhkqdf jf cGo cflwsfl/s ;|f]tdf t'¿Gt k|sflzt ul/g]5 jf To:tf lgod sfg'gx¿ o;sf] k|sfzgkl5 k|efjsf/L x'g]5g\ jf sfof{lGjt x'g]5g\ .

) ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;Demf}tfcGtu{tsf s'g} klg ;Demf}tfsf af/]df b]zsf] tof/Lsf af/]df !@ dlxgfleq k|f/lDes hfgsf/L k|:t't ug'{kg]{5 .

) g]kfnn] lgof{t cg'bfg;lxt cGo cg'bfg / sfpG6/ Eoflnª k|lqmofaf6 cfGtl/s pBf]unfO{ cg'bfg lbg] clwsf/ sfod /fv]sf] 5 . o;n] s[lif If]qnfO{ pTkfbgsf] !) k|ltzt cg'bfg lbg] clwsf/ sfod /fv]sf] 5 .

) g]kfnn] ;/sf/L vl/b / sk8f, /;folgs xfdf]{gfOh]zg h:tf xfdf]{gfOh]zgdf s] ax'/f{li6«o ;Demf}tfdf hfg rfx]g t/ ;"rgf k|ljlwsf pTkfbgdf kf“r jif{df s/ x6fpg ;xdt ePsf] 5 .

) g]kfn cfkm\gf] Jofkf/ k|0ffnLnfO{ ljZjJofkf/ ;+u7g cg's"n agfpg cfkm\gf #* j6f P]g / lgodx¿ ;+zf]wg ug{ jf gof“ Nofpg ;xdt ePsf] 5 .

ahf/ kx'"r k|lta4tf

j:t' ;]jfM g]kfnn] (( k|ltztdflysf] s/b/ ljz]if :t/dfly ga9fpg] k|lta4tf JoQm u/]sf] 5 . clwsf+z pTkfbgx¿df g]kfnn] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 .

) sfod b/df sl/a $ ;o s/ nfOg 5g\ . sfof{Gjogsf] kf“r jif{sf] cjlwdf ;"rgf k|ljlwsf pTkfbg s/ d'Qm x'g]5g\ . sl/a %) s/ nfOgx¿ xfnsf] b/eGbf tn x'g]5g\ . sfof{Gjogsf] ;dofjlw !) jif{sf] 5 . dxz'n 36\g] k|lta4tf ePsf pTkfbgdf g]kfnsf pTkfbgx¿ kg]{ 5}gg\ . jf ;DefJo k|lt:kwf{Tds nfe ePsf ;fdfg kg]{ 5}gg\ .

) ;b:otf lng] ;do;Dd u}/s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu cf};t ;Ldfb/ sl/a $) k|ltzt 5 . o:tf] ;Ldfb/ ;+qmd0f cjlwkl5 @# k|ltzt x'g]5 .

) xfnsf] sfod b/eGbf tn s'g} klg s[lif pkh ;Ldfª\sg 5}g . ;b:otf lng] lbg;Dd s[lif pkhdf o:tf] cfefl/t cf};t eG;f/ z'Ns ;Ldfb/ sl/a %! k|ltzt 5 / ;b:otf ePsf] # jif{df o:tf] ;Ldf b/ $@ k|ltzt x'g]5 . ;"lt{ / ;"lt{hGo kbfy{sf] pTkfbgdf @)) k|ltzt x'g]5 .

) ci6«]lnof, Sofg8f, o'/f]k]nL o'lgog, ef/t, hfkfg, dn]l;of, Go"lhNof08 / cd]l/sf;“u
o:tf] clwsf/sf] nflu cg'/f]w ul/Psf] 5 .

;]jf If]q

ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gn] juL{s[t u/]sf sl/a !^) j6f pkIf]qdWo] g]kfnn] &) j6f pkIf]qdf ;zt{ k|lta4tf hfx]/ u/]sf] 5 . h;dWo] cfwf hlt pkIf]qx¿ ljQLo / b"/ ;+rf/;“u ;DalGwt 5g\ .

g]kfnn] k|lta4tf hgfPsf If]qdf sfg'gL ;]jf -ljb]zL sfg'g Joj;foLsf] u[x sfg'g, t];|f] d'n'ssf] sfg'g / cGt/f{li6«o sfg'g_ n]vfk4lt, n]vfk/LIf0f, cfls{6]Sr/ / Ol~hlgol/ª ;]jf, e]6g/L ;]jf, sDKo'6/ / To;;“u ;DalGwt ;]jf, cg';Gwfg / ljsf; ;]jf, s'l/o/ ;]jf -j}b]lzs uGtJo / pTklQ:yfg_, b"/;+rf/, l;len Ol~hlgol/ªsf] lgdf{0f, sldzg Ph]06 ;]jf, zfvf ;]jf, ;+ul7t ;fdfu|Lsf yf]s / v'b|f ;]jf, pRr / o'jf lzIff, jftfj/0fLo ;]jf, ljQLo ;]jf, c:ktfn ;]jf, juL{s[t xf]6n / /]i6'/f“, l;g]df, kfOk, oftfoft ;]jf, e08f/0f ;]jf cflb 5g\ .

oL ;a} If]qx¿ jf s'g} Psdf cfpg] j}b]lzs nufgLstf{n] g]kfnL nufgLstf{;“u ;+o'Qm nufgLsf] sfd ug'{kg]{5 . s'n k""hLsf] *) k|ltzt;Dd j}b]lzs nufgL lbOg] 5 . ;+o'Qm k""hL sDkgLdf k|aGws / lj1x¿nfO{ dfq sfd ug{ lbOg]5 .

5nkmn / :jfutsf] cf]O/f]

g]kfnL 6f]nL sf7df8f}" lkmg]{ lalQs} h]g]ef Sofgs'g a}7s / g]kfnsf] ;b:otf ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ug{ sf7df8f}"df ;]ldgf/x¿ cfof]hgf x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . g]kfn–la|6]g r]Da/ ckm sdz{n] u/]sf] a}7sdf t /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf ;b:o 8f= o'j/fh vltj8fn] eGg'eof], æd}n] t of]eGbf of] k6s clnslt v'Dr]/ eg] klg ;b:otf lng] af6f] vf]n]/ cfpg';\ eg]sf] lyp“ . t/, pxf“x¿n] t olt /fd|f] / /fi6«lxt cg's"n x'g]u/L sfd ug'{eP5, of] 6f]nL awfO{sf] kfq 5 .Æ

g]kfn–la|6]g r]Da/ ckm sdz{sf cltl/Qm g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3, g]kfn r]Da/ ckm sdz{n] klg 8ANo"=6L=cf]=sf] ;b:otf;DaGwL uf]i7L ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .

tof/L / nfe

g]kfnsf ;Demf}tfsf/x¿n] ;/sf/ / lghL If]qsf] kof{Kt tof/L k'uf];\ / ljZj ahf/sf] c;Lldt ahf/df g]kfnL pTkfbg lgof{t u/L g]kfn wgL xf]cf];\ eGg] 9+un] tof/Lsf nflu !) jif{;Ddsf] ;dofjlw, cfkm\gf] bIftf / bvntf gePsf] If]qdf k|fljlws ;]jf kfpg] clwsf/ ;'/lIft u/]/ cfPsf 5g\ . t/, ;/sf/ / lghL If]qn] To; cg'¿k tof/L ug{ ;s]g eg] g]kfnn] nfesf] ;§f xflg dfq} Joxf]g'{kg]{ cj:yf klg cfp“5 . lsgls g]kfnn] o:tf w]/} ;lGw–;Demf}tf / ;Dd]ngx¿df
;Demf}tf u/]sf] 5, h;sf] cj:yf gubf{ / ubf{df s'g} cGt/ cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;do k"j{jtM lalt/x]sf] 5 .

afndlGb/ M cgfyx¿sf] ;xf/f

bLks/fh e§/fO{

sf7df8f}" . !# jif]{ wgs[i0f rf}nfufO{+n] & jif{ klxn] Pp6f b'3{6gfaf6 afa'cfdf u'dfPkl5 pgL h'Dnfaf6 afndlGb/sf] zfvfdf cfP . pgLh:t} %!@ hgf a];xf/f afnaflnsf clxn] afndlGb/sf ljleGg !) j6f afnu[xdf /x]sf 5g\ .

b'3{6gfaf6 cleefjs u'dfPsf, cg}lts ;DaGwaf6 hGd]/} la5f]l8Psf tyf c:ktfndf a]jfl/;] cj:yfdf /x]sf afnaflnsfnfO{ c:ktfn / :yfgLo k|zf;gsf] l;kmfl/;df afndlGb/n] ;+/If0f ug]{ u/]sf] 5 .

kl5Nnf] ;dodf lx+;faf6 cleefjs u'dfPsf afnaflnsfnfO{ wgu9L / slknj:t'sf] afnu[xdf ;+/If0f ul/Psf] s'/f afndlGb/sf u[xJoj:yfkg ljefu k|d'v /fds[i0f ;'j]bL atfpg'x'G5 .

cgfy / a];xf/f afnaflnsfsf] ;+/If0f / ;'/Iff ug]{ p2]Zon] :yfkgf ePsf] afndlGb/ gS;fndf dfq} clxn] @!( hgf o; lsl;dsf afnaflnsf /x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] x]/rfx ug{ !# hgf …j]jL s]c/Ú /xg'ePsf] 5 .

a]jfl/;] cj:yfdf /x]sf gjhft lzz'b]lv cfkmGt u'dfPsf ^ jif{;Ddsf afnaflnsfnfO{ ;+/If0fsf] nflu oxf“ k7fOg] ul/Psf] 5 . u[xlj1fg ljefu k|d'v ;'j]bLsf cg';f/ k|lt dlxgf (÷!) hgf afnaflnsf egf{sf] nflu oxf“ NofOg] ul/Psf] 5 .

afndlGb/n] oxf“ egf{ ePsf afnaflnsfsf] plrt nfngkfng ug'{sf] ;fy} pgLx¿sf] k7gkf7gsf] lhDdf lng] u/]sf] 5 eg] k"0f{ ¿kdf cfTdlge{/ agfpg ljleGg lsl;dsf k|fljlws tflnd lbnfOg], pgLx¿nfO{ gf]s/L vf]lhlbg] u/]sf] s'/f sfof{no k|d'v /fh]Zj/ lg/f}nf atfpg'x'G5 .

oxf“ NofOPsf afnaflnsfnfO{ !! jif{ gk'u'~h]n;Dd afnu[xdf /fv]/ /v]b]v ul/G5, To;kl5 pd]/sf] cfwf/df cGoqsf afndlGb/df k7fOg] u/]sf] 5 . @# jif{b]lv afnaflnsfsf] x]/rfx ub}{ cfpg'ePsL dfOnL nfdfnfO{ oxf“sf afnaflnsf cfkm\g} ;Gtfgh:tf] lk|o nfU5g\ . pxf“ eGg'x'G5, æd]/f] ljjfx ePsf] 5}g t/ d}n] w]/} ;Gtfg x'sf{PsL 5' .Æ pgLx¿n] …cfdfÚ eg]/ af]nfp“bf pxf“nfO{ ;fx|} v'zL nfU5 .

To;}u/L ljut !^ jif{b]lv afnaflnsfsf] x]/rfx ub}{ cfpg'ePsL sNkgf vqLnfO{ oxf“sf afnaRrf cfkm\gf ;GtfgeGbf Kof/f] nfUg] atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“ eGg'x'G5, æ;'¿;'¿df aRrf :ofxfbf{ s]xL ufx|f] x'GYof] t/ ca s]6fs]6Lljgf lbg sf6\g} ufx|f] x'G5 .Æ

s] vf“bf s] /f]u nfU5 <

— u'6\vf, kfg, ;'kf/L, hbf{, v}gLh:tf cDdnx¿ vf“bf d'vdf 3fp, vl6/f x'g], lha|f], luhfnufot d'v tyf 3f“6Lsf] ljleGg efudf SofG;/ x'g] ub{5 . d'v;DaGwL /f]usf ;fy} 3f“6L, k]6, sn]hf], /Qm;~rf/ / gzfhGo /f]ux¿ nfUb5g\ .

— r'/f]6, la"8L, uf“hf, tdfv'h:tf cDdnx¿n] ¿3fvf]sL, bd, Ifo/f]u / 3f“6L, Zjf;gnL Pjd\ kmf]S;f]sf] SofG;/, Ifo/f]u, d'6' tyf Zjf; gnL;DaGwL /f]ux¿, gzf;DaGwL ;d:ofx¿nufot cGo ;fgf7"nf /f]ux¿ nfUg ;S5 .

— /S;L, hf“8, ljo/, 5\ofªh:tf s'/fx¿sf] ;]jgaf6 k]6 tyf sn]hf]sf] SofG;/, cN;/, d'6'sf] s8f /f]ux¿nufot cGo s8f / 3fts /f]ux¿ nfUg] ;Defjgf a9L x'G5 .

— gkfs]sf], sf“rf], /fd|/L ;kmf gu/]sf] vfg] s'/fn] emf8fkvfnf, ckr / cGo ;+qmfds /f]ux¿ pTkGg u/fp“5 .

— 9';L k/]sf] abfd, crf/x¿ tyf kf]n]/ 89fPsf] vfgf, ;]s'jf, kf]n]sf] df;' cflbn] ckr tyf SofG;/ /f]usf] hLjf0f'nfO{ leœofp“5 .

— a9L df;' vf“bf ljz]if u/L kfrg k|0ffnLsf ljleGg efusf] SofG;/, ckr, slAhot, cNsfO{nufot ;of}" k|sf/sf df;'hGo ;d:ofx¿ cfOkg{ ;S5g\ .

— a9L lrKnf]o'Qm vfgf vf“bf ckr, slAhot, df]6f]kg, d'6'sf] /f]u, pRr /Qmrfkh:tf s8f ;d:ofx¿n] ;tfpg ;S5 .

— a9L lk/f]o'Qm vfgf vf“bf Uofl:6s, slAhot, cN;/, ckr / cNsfO{ x'g] ;Defjgf x'G5 .

— a9L u/d d;nfo'Qm vfgf vf“bf k]6sf /f]ux¿, kTy/L, cNsfO{, lk;fahGo ;d:ofx¿nufot cGo ;fgf7"nf efudf /f]ux¿ nfUg ;S5g\ .

— a9L g'go'Qm vfgf vf“bf d[uf}nfsf] /f]u nfUg], d'6' / /Qmrfk;DaGwL ;d:of x'g], ;'lgg], /Qmb'lift x'g]nufot cGo y'k|} ;d:ofx¿ hlGd5g\ / a9L g'g vfg' d[To'sf] sf/0f ;d]t x'g;S5 .

— a9L lr;f] vfgf vf“bf gfs, 3f“6L / 5ftLsf ;d:ofx¿ x'g], ckr / cfp“hGo /f]u x'g] x'G5 .

— a9L tftf] vfgf vf“bf d'vdf af/Daf/ vl6/f cfpg], vfgf gnL b'Vg] / Toxf“ 3fp x'g] jf Uofl:6s–cN;/ x'g], 3f“6LhGo ;d:ofx¿ x'g;S5g\ .

— a9L tLtf]o'Qm vfgf vfgfn] z/L/df PSsfl; /Qm;s{/f 36\g], /Qm ljzfQm x'g], emf8fkvfnf rNg], a]xf]; x'g], sdhf]/L / l/+u6f nfUg] ;d:ofx¿ cfOkg{ ;S5g\ . sltko tLtf vfgfhGo kbfy{n] d[To' ;d]t lgDTofp“5 .

— a9L u'lnof vfg]s'/fx¿n] dw'd]x /f]u Nofpg;S5 . To:t}, df]6f]kgf, d'6'sf /f]ux¿ klg nfUg ;S5 .

— a§fdf aGb ePsf /;fogx¿ ldl;Psf k'/fgf s[lqd k]o tyf h';h:tf vfg]s'/fx¿n] t'¿Gt jf w]/}kl5 3fts ;d:ofx¿ pTkGg ug{ ;S5 . /;folgs tŒjx¿n] ljifsf] ¿kdf l9nf] rf“8f] vt/fk"0f{ ;d:of lgDTofpg ;S5 .

— d}bfaf6 ag]sf s'/fx¿n] slAhot, cNsfO{, k]6 / cfGb|fsf cGo /f]ux¿ nfUg]nufot yk ;d:ofx¿ pTkGg ug{ ;S5 .

— w]/} s'/f ld;fP/ vf“bf vfB ljiffQmtf, ckr, emf8fkvfnfnufot cGo ;fgf7"nf ;d:ofx¿ cfpg ;S5g\ .

;fef/– :jf:Yo dfl;s

jg dGqfnodf tLhsf] z'esfdgf

g]kfn lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;+u7g ljefuLo sfo{;ldlt -jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno_ n] ldlt )^) efb| !! ut] Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L @)^) ;fnsf] tLhsf] cj;/ kf/]/ pQm dGqfnocGtu{t % ljefudf sfo{/t dlxnf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ c6n ;f}efUosf nflu z'esfdgf cfbfg–k|bfg ug]{ / kl/ro u/fpg] kl/rofTds sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u¥of] .

pQm sfo{qmddf sfo{;ldltsf cWoIf, ;lrj, ;x–;lrj / s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglwn] dlxnf dfqsf] dxfg\ rf8 tLhsf] cj;/df c6n zf}efUosf nflu z'esfdgf dGtJo lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/df jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno, jg ljefu, /fli6«o lgs'~h tyf jGohGt' ;+/If0f ljefu, e" tyf hnfwf/ ;+/If0f ljefu, jg:klt ljefu / jg cg';Gwfg ljefudf sfo{/t dlxnf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

Ho]i7 gful/s eQf /S;L vfg kof{Kt

uDeL/f ;xgL

af/f . >L % sf] ;/sf/n] ljt/0f ub}{ cfPsf] Ho]i7 gful/s eQfn] dlxgfel/ /S;L vfg kfPsf]df ;o jif{ gf3]sf wg'sbf; b+u 5g\ .

>L % sf] ;/sf/n] ^% jif{ gf3]sf g]kfnL gful/snfO{ k|lt dlxgf ?= Ps ;o krf; ?k}of“sf b/n] Ho]i7 eQf ljt/0f ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . af/f lhNnfsf] u08s ax'c/L uflj; j8f g+= * gf}tg lgjf;L Ps ;o jifL{o wg'sbf;n] klg k|To]s dlxgf ¿= Ps ;o krf; ¿k}of“ Ho]i7 gful/s eQf jfkt kfp“5g\ . x/]s lbg ;f“em k/]kl5 pgL kf“r ¿k}of“sf] Ps kfp“ /S;L ;]jg ug]{ ub{5g\ .

a[4 wg'sbf;sf Pp6f 5f]/f, b'O{j6L a'xf/L, tLg hgf gflt / rf/ hgf gfltgLx¿ 5g\ . pgsf tLg hgf 5f]/Lx¿sf] laxfjf/L eO;s]sf] 5 . pgsf 5f]/f / a'xf/Lx¿n] clxn] jL/u~h ahf/df t/sf/Lsf] laqmL–ljt/0f u/L u'hf/f rnfp“b} cfPsf 5g\ . t/ j[4 wg'sbf; eg] 5f]/f, a'xf/Lsf] eft, /f]6L / t/sf/Ldfly ;/sf/n] a[4 eQf ylklbP/ cfkm"dfly 7"nf] pksf/ u/]sf] ;DemG5g\ . lsgls o;af6 pgnfO{ dBkfg ug{sf nflu s;};“u k};f dfUg' k/]sf] 5}g / eg]sf] a]nfdf dBkfg ug{ kfPsf]df pgL b+u 5g\ .

;o jifL{o wg'sbf;n] #) jif{sf] pd]/b]lv nuftf/ /S;L vf“b} cfPsf] atfp“5g\ . /S;L vfg k};f k'u]g eg] pgL glhssf] c;O{sxf“ z/0f kb{5g\ . c:yfoL k|x/L kf]i6 u08s -af/f_ sf c;O{ b]jnfn ofbjsf cg';f/ afa', afh]sf] pd]/sf wg'sbf;n] xft k;f/]kl5 sxL" a"9f] ef]s} gd¿g\ egL pgLx¿n] vfhf vfg k};f lbg] u/]sf] atfp“5g\ . t/ /S;Lsf cDdnL wg'sbf; To;n] klg dBt[i0ff g} d]6fp“5g\ .

ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g k|j]zsf r'gf}tLaf/] 5nkmn

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

g]kfn–la|6]g r]Da/ ckm sdz{ P08 O08li6«hsf] cfof]hgf / g]kfn rf68{ PsfpG6]06\; ;+3sf] ;xcfof]hgfdf oxL efb| * ut] ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:otfaf6 pAhg] cj;/ tyf r'gf}tLx¿sf] ;DaGwdf cfwf lbj;Lo 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . g]kfn Pp6f nfdf] ofqfkl5 !% cu:6, @))# df h]g]efdf ;DkGg jls{ª kf6L{sf] a}7sdf ;xdltdf k'u]kl5 cfp“bf] ;]K6]Da/ !) tfl/vdf blIf0f cd]l/sL /fi6« d]S;Lsf]sf] s]gs'gfdf xg] kf“rf}" dGqL:t/Lo a}7sdf cf}krfl/s ¿kdf g]kfnnfO{ ;b:otf lbg] ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfn ;fgf] cfly{s tyf pTkfbgzLn If]q xf] . g]kfnsf] cfkm\gf] df}lnskgf, k|lt:kwf{Tds / t'ngfTds If]qx¿ Psflt/ 5g\ eg] jt{dfg cf}Bf]lusLs/0f csf]{lt/ /x]sf] 5 . 8An"=6L=cf]= h:tf] lgodg ;+:yfsf] ;b:otf lnO;s]kl5 ljleGg sfg'gx¿sf] ;+zf]wg tyf gof“ sfg'g lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . /fhgLlts, k|zf;lgs / gful/s ;dfh Psh'6 eO{ 8An"=6L=cf]= h:tf] ljZjJofkLs/0fnfO{ y]Ug ;Sg] /fli6«o /0fgLlt th'{df ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 . ljZj Jofkf/ k|j]zkl5 b]zsf] pBf]u Jofkf/ s;/L a9fpg] eGg] ljifodf s]lGb|t /xL cfof]hgf ul/Psf] pQm sfo{qmddf pBf]udGqL dfggLo >L xl/axfb'/ a:g]tn] ;+u7gsf] ;b:otf lnO;s]kl5 /fi6«n] ckgfpg' kg]{ /0fgLltsf] af/]df k|sfz kfg'{ePsf] lyof] . 5nkmn sfo{qmddf jls{ª kf6L{sf] a}7sdf ;xefuL eP/ cfpg'ePsf pBf]u dGqfnosf ;x;lrj >L k|r08dfg >]i7, 8f= kf]if/fh kf08], /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf ;b:o 8f= o'j/fh vltj8f, cy{dGqfnosf ;Nnfxsf/ dw's/ zdz]/ ha/f, zDe'z/0f sfo:yn] efu lng'ePsf] lyof] . 5nkmn sfo{qmdsf cfof]hs g]kfn–la|6]g r]Da/ ckm sdz{ P08 O08li6«hsf ;efklt >L /fh]Gb|s'df/ v]tfgn] g]kfnn] ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gdf k|j]z kfPkl5 ljZjJofkLs/0fnfO{ y]Ug /fhgLlts, k|zf;lgs / gful/s ;dfh Psh'6 eO{ /fli6«o /0fgLlt th'{df u/L OdfGbf/Lk"j{s sfd ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf ;xcfof]hs ;+:yfsf cWoIf gf/fo0f ahfhn] jftf{sf/x¿n] g]kfnnfO{ kof{Kt ;do Nofpg'eP klg To;nfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ ;/sf/ / lghL If]q b'j}n] b]znfO{ cfkm\gf j:t' / ;]jf cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df clxn]eGbf laqmL ug{;Sg] cj:yfdf k'¥ofpg pko'Qm sfo{qmd Nofpg cfu|x ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

;x/L afn lzIff sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L aGb}5

lht]Gb| lh;L

hf8f] xf];\ jf udL{, z+s/ kl/of/ To;sf] lrGtf ub}{gg\ . Psflaxfg} k9fOsf] w'gdf lx"8\g] z+s/sf xftdf sfkL, lstfa / k]lG;n b]Vg]x¿ l6Kk0fL ul/xfN5g\, æx'g]vfg] kl/jf/df hGd]sf] eP of] l76f] pTs[i6 5fq eP/ lg:sGYof] xf]nf †Æ

a'6jn gu/kflnsf, bLkgu/df a:g] z+s/ cgf}krfl/s ;x/L afn lzIff sfo{qmdsf ljBfyL{ x'g\ . pgnfO{ k9fpg] sfo{df ;+nUg /]vf kf08] elG5g\, æz+s/ Ifdtfjfg 5g\, k9\g] rfxgf ePsf]n] xf]nf pgL cfkm\gf] ;d"xdf pTs[i6 5g\ .Æ

lgDgjuL{o kl/jf/sf z+s/nfO{ cfly{s cj:yf sdhf]/ ePsf] sf/0fn] lbp“;f]el/ dfUb} lx"8]/ u'hf/f ug'{k5{ . cfkm\gL b[li6ljxLg cfdf;“u;“u} dfUb} lx"8\g] z+s/ cfkm\gf] ;d:of atfpg] qmddf eG5g\, æafa' t 5g\ t/ 3/df ;3fpg s'g} rf;f] /fVb}gg\ . xfdL cfdf–5f]/fn] lbgel/ dfUb} h]–h;f] kfp“5f}, To;}n] hLjg wfg]sf 5f}" .Æ

k9]/ s]xL aGg] wf]sf] z+s/sf af]nLdf emlNsG5g\ . æk9\g ;fx|} dg nfU5, k9]/ g} t s]xL aGg kfOPnf oxL g} /]vf ld;n] klg eGg'ePsf] 5Æ, pgL cfkm\gf dgdf nfu]sf s'/f yKb5g\ .

z+s/h:t} cj:yfsf afnaflnsfsf nflu o'lg;]kmsf] ;xof]udf a'6jn gu/kflnsfåf/f ;x/L lzIff sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] xf] . ;x/leq a;f]af; ul//x"bf klg ljeGg sf/0fn] lg/If/ cj:yfsf afnaflnsfnfO{ ;fIf/ agfpg ^ jif{b]lv of] sfo{qmd ;~rfng x'"b} cfPsf] 5 . æo; cjlwdf gu/kflnsfleqsf Ps xhf/ & ;o @% hgf afnaflnsf ;fIf/ dfq ePgg\, To;af6 pTk|]l/t eO{ Ps xhf/ @ ;o $! hgf t ;/sf/L ljBfnod} egf{ ;d]t eP,Æ a'6jn gu/kflnsfsf sfo{qmd clws[t lgd{nf zdf{ atfp“l5g\ . ^ b]lv !$ jif{ pd]/sf afnaflnsfnfO{ lbOg] ;x/L afn lzIffsf] klxnf] tx pQL0f{ ug]{nfO{ # sIff / bf];|f] tx pQL0f{ ug]{nfO{ % sIffsf] :t/ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

;x/L afn lzIff sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L x'g'df ;a}eGbf k|d'v sf/0f lzIff lbg] tl/sf g} ePsf] a'lemG5 . a'6jn gu/kflnsf –@ a:g] c~h'gf / ;h'gf b'O{ lbbLalxgLnfO{ t ;x/L afn lzIff sfo{qmdn] olt;Dd cfslif{t u¥of] ls pgLx¿ klg yk lzIff lngsf nflu ljBfnodf egf{ eP . ca t Ps lbg klg cg'kl:yt x'g'kbf{ pgLx¿nfO{ c;lhnf] dx;'; x'g] u5{ . cf7 jifL{of c~h'gf elG5g\, æk9]/ xfdLn] w]/} yf]s a'em\g ;Sof}", gk9]/ lhGbuL g;lk|g] /}Ú5, To;}n] ca t xfdL :s'n 5f]8\b}gf}" .Æ

c~h'gfsf afa' ua¿2Lg ldof“n] ;8s lsgf/ h'Qf k;n u/L cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf] e/0fkf]if0f ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . cfkm\gf ;Gtfgsf] k9fOk|ltsf] nugn] pgLnfO{ ;d]t pT;flxt agfPsf] 5 . 5f]/Lx¿tkm{ O+lut ub}{ ua¿l2g eG5g\, æk9\g yfn]kl5 pgLx¿ 1fgu'gsf s'/f ug{ yfn]sf 5g\, 3/df lzIff / :jf:Yo;DaGwL rrf{ u5{g\ .

h;/L eP klg logLx¿ /fd|} sIff;Dd k9"g\ eGg] d]/f] rfxgf 5 .Æ pgL o;sf] >]o ;x/L afn lzIff sfo{qmdnfO{ lbg r'Sb}gg\ .

a'6jn gu/kflnsfsf ;fd'bflos kl/rfns dgf]hs'df/ v8\sf afnlzIff sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePs} sf/0f a'6jnsf] !# ;o hlt afnaflnsf ljBfno hfg yfn]sf] atfp“5g\ . pgL eG5g\, æafn lzIff ;'¿ x'g] ;dodf lgwf{l/t ;+VofeGbf a9L ljBfyL{ egf{ x'Gy], clxn] t @ j6f j8fsf afnaflnsf hDdf ubf{ klg Pp6f sIff ;~rfng ug{] ;+Vofsf] k'Ub}g . cyf{t\ klxn]sf] bf“hf]df lg/If/sf] ;+Vof 36\b} 5 .Æ

afn lzIff sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsfl/tf a'em]/ g} a'6jn gu/kflnsfn] To;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] p2]Zon] …Ps ljBfyL{ Ps cleefjsÚ sfo{qmd ;'¿ u/]sf] 5 . gu/kflnsfsf] sfo{qmd clws[t lgd{nf zdf{sf cg';f/ o'lg;]kmn] ;xof]u ug]{ ;dofjlw ;lsPkl5 klg ;x/L afn lzIffsf] sIff ;~rfngnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg cleefjs vf]Hg] k|of; yflnPsf] xf] .

a'6jnl:yt lzjgu/ ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;ldltn] ^ hgf afnaflnsfnfO{ cleefjsTj lnO{ k9fpg yfn]sf] 5 . ;ldltsf cWoIf e';fn s];L eG5g\, æof] sfo{qmdn] Psbd} k|efljt agfof] . Pshgfn] ;fgf] ;xof]u ubf{ klg st} vft] eP/ hLjg latfp“b} u/]sf] afns ;fIf/ aGg ;S5 eg] of] Pp6f cj;/ xf]
eGg] d}n] a'em]sf] 5' . oxL a'em]/ dnufot ;ldltsf cGo ;fyLx¿n] cleefjsTj lng cu|;/ ePsf xf}" .Æ

Tolt dfq geO{ ;ldltn] tL ^ hgf afnaflnsfnfO{ k|j]lzsf jf To;b]lv pRr tx;Dd lzIff cWoogsf nflu ;xof]ukl5 jg If]qd} pko'Qm hflu/ ;d]t lbg] ePsf] cWoIf s];L atfp“5g\ .

-;f}hGoM If]qLo ;~rf/ ;|f]t s]Gb|, g]kfnu~h_

klxnf] kfgf | ;Dkfblso | dgf]/~hg | cg'ej÷cGtjftf{ | ljrf/÷laZn]if0f | v]ns'b | k|ltls|of