sf7df08f}+, df3 !( @)%(

klxnf] kfgf

o'4lj/fdkl5 :yfoL zflGtsf] lrGtf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLsf k|ltlglwaLrdf df3 !% ut] sfod ePsf] o'4lj/fdsf] ;xdltn] b]ze/ /fxtsf] cg'ej e}/x]sf] eP klg of] l:yltn] :yfloTj kfp"5, kfp"b}g eg] ;+zon] eg] hGd lnPsf] 5 .

ljz]if u/L o'4lj/fdsf r/0f;Dd cfOk'Ubf ePsf sfo{ / To;df ;+nUg kIf Pj+ k|ltlglwx¿sf] af/]df kof{Kt hfgsf/L gcfPsf] sf/0fn] /fhgLlts / u}/ /fhgLlts b'j} If]qdf o:tf] cfz+sfsf] hGd ePsf] xf] .

g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf k|r08åf/f !% df3df k|]lift k|]; jQmJodf jftf{ cufl8 a9fpgsf nflu o'4lj/fd ul/Psf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm"n] cufl8 ;f/]sf Go"gtd zt{x¿ k'/f u/] cfkm\gf] kf6L{ jftf{sf] nflu tof/ /x]sf] hgfPsf] lyof] . cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] kf]lnl6Ao"/f]sf] a}7ssf] xjnf lbb}+ !& d+;L/df hf/L ul/Psf] lj1lKtdf dfcf]jfbLn] ;d:ofsf] lgsf;sf] nflu csf]{ k|d'v lg0f{o u/]sf lyP . h;df /fhgLlts kf6L{sf sfo{stf{nfO{ ef}lts sf/jfxL ug]{ / ljsf;sf k"j{wf/ Pj+ ef}lts ;+/rgfnfO{ klg Iflt gk'¥ofpg] s'/fsf] cnfjf ;+s6sf] zflGtk"0f{, ;sf/fTds / cu|ufdL /fhg}lts lgsf;sf] lgldQ ;a} /fhgLlts kIfsf ;fy} k'/fgf] ;Qfsf ;+rfns;"u ;d]t jftf{ / ;Djfb cufl8 a9fpg ;lsg] / a9fpg'kg]{ s'/fnfO{ :ki6 kf/]sf] lyof] . /, pko'Qm jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ePdf jftf{ ug]{ eg]/ s]Gb|Lo jftf{ 6f]nL ;d]t u7g ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] lyof] .

!& d+;L/sf] jQmJon] ;/sf/;"u ;Dks{ ;Demf}tf / jftf{ ug]{ lhDdf ;f]xL 6f]nLnfO{ lbOPsf] b]vfp"5 . To;kl5sf b'O{ dlxgfsf] k|of;n] o'4lj/fdsf] l:ylt NofPsf] hgfp"5 . g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf] jftf{ 6f]nLsf] gfd ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5}g . -t/ kf6L{sf jl/i7 kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ To;sf] ;+of]hs /x]sf] cg'dfg ul/b}+5_ .

;"qx¿sf cg';f/ jftf{ sld6Ldf dfcf]jfbL g]tf b]j u'¿Ë /x]sf] yfxf kfPkl5 jt{dfg ;/sf/n] pg} dfkm{t\ o'4lj/fdsf] cj:yf ;[hgf u/]sf] xf] . ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqL gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] dfcf]jfbL g]tf u'¿ËnfO{ sf:sL / csf{ g]tf sf];L sdf08/ ;fu/ If]qLnfO{ Onfdaf6 /fhwfgL NofP/ jftf{ ug'{ePsf] atfOG5 . Psy/L ;"qx¿n] of] aLrdf ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbL ;}lgs g]tf /fdaxfb'/ yfkf -afbn_ nfO{ sf7df8f}+df e]6L s'/f u/]sf] klg bfjL u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf cg';f/, jt{dfg ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ePb]lv g} dfcf]jfbL ;d:of jftf{af6 ;dfwfg ug{ OR5's /x]sf] / ;/sf/sf] ;bf;o a'emL dfcf]jfbLn] zflGtjftf{sf] sf8{ kmfn]sf x'g\ . Tof] cj:yfdf jftf{k"j{sf] jftfj/0f agfpg Tof] :t/sf g]tfx¿sf] ;Dks{ c:jefljs dflgb}+g . lsgsL s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] kf]ln6Ao'/f]sf] k"0f{ a}7sn] !& d+;L/ k"j{ g} of] ;/sf/;"u jftf{ ug]{ lg0f{o u/L jftf{ 6f]nL u7g u/]sf] lyof] . jftf{ k|lqmofsf s'g} klg r/0fdf ;xefuL x'g' kf6L{ lg0f{o ljkl/t x'Gy]g . pRr txsf g]tfx¿nfO{ pRr :t/Lo ;'/Iff lbP/ NofOg] ePsf]n] d'7e]8 / zf/Ll/s cfqmd0fsf] ;Defjgf x'g] l:ylt /xGy]g .

of] l:ylt sfod u/fpg >L % n] g} !# ut] /ftL dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿;"u k|ToIf e]6]sf] eGg] ;dfrf/nfO{ ;|f]tx¿n] k'li6 u/]sf 5}gg\ . ;"qx¿sf] s] bfjL 5 eg] hgo'4 z'¿ ePb]lv g} ef/tLo e"lddf ;'/lIft /x]sf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿nfO{ g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts, cfly{s ljsf; cj¿4 x'g k'u]sf] ljlzi6 l:yltdf ef/tn] /fhf;"u ldNg t k/} hfcf];\ g]kfn k:g} klg lbb}+g . pgLx¿sf cg';f/ @))& ;fndf /fhf / sf+u|]; b'j} lbNnLdf x'"bfx'"b}, @))& ;fnsf] lqkIfLo ;Demf}tf ubf{ /fhf / sf+u]|; g]tfx¿nfO{ e]6\g lbOPsf] lyPg . clxn] pgLx¿sf] xftdf k/]sf olt 7"nf afu]{lgËrLk pgLx¿n] 5f]8\g] s'/} cfp"b}g . To;}n] clxn] dfcf]jfbL g]tf k|r08 / 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ ef/tLo e"ld d} ;'/lIft /x]sf] bfjL ul/Psf] 5 . -t/ s]xL ;"qx¿n] eg] pgLx¿nfO{ jftf{sf] lgx'"df cd]l/sf k'¥ofOPsf] klg hgfPsf 5g\ ._

!% df3sf] jQmJonfO{ x]bf{, dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] Wofg jftf{sf] 6]a'naf6 uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;efsf] k|flKtdf s]lGb|t b]lvG5 . t/ ;/sf/nfO{ eg] r6f/f] 5 . dfcf]jfbLx¿n] jft{sf] k"j{ zt{sf ¿kdf aGbL agfOPsf tyf j]kQf kfl/Psf cfkm\gf sfo{stf{sf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ug{ cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . ;f] cg'¿k ;/sf/L kIfsf jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;+of]hs tf]lsg'ePsf dGqL k'gn] h]n e|d0f ;'¿ ug'{ePsf] 5 . t/, crDdsf] s'/f of] 5 ls clxn] dfcf]jfbL lx/f;tdf slt k|x/L, ;]gf, afnaflnsf / ;j{;fwf/0f dflg;x¿ 5g\, To;sf] cflwsfl/s /]s8{ ;/sf/;"u 5}g . oyfl:yltdf ;/sf/ dfq} jftf{df a:of] eg] w]/} s'/fsf] ;Gt'ng gldNg;sg] hf]lvd oyfjt\ 5 .

dfcf]jfbLx¿n] clxn] kf6L{sf] Go"gtd sfo{gLlt ag]sf] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;efsf kIfdf ;+u7gfTds / zflGtk"0f{ hgkl/rfngsf sfdx¿nfO{ lg/Gt/ a9fpg sfo{stf{nfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf 5g\ . o;n] ut jif{sf] h:tf] dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ ;+ul7t eP/ lx+8\g], cfd;ef ug]{ / cfkm\gf] ;+u7gsf] ¿kdf hg;/sf/ jf :yfgLo ;/sf/ u7g ug]{ :jtGqtf lbg;S5 . t/ o'4lj/fd eP/ jftf{ grNbf s] ug{ x'g] s] ug{ gx'g] < dfG5] dfg{ xltof/ k|of]u ug{ dfq gkfOg] xf] jf xltof/ lnP/ lx+8\g aGb ug'{kg]{ xf] To;sf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf s;n] to ug]{ To;df lgSof}{n 5}g .

cfkm"n] ;+lrt u/]sf] vfBfGgb]lv xltof/ / uf]nLu¶f ;lsb}+ hfg], cfkm"nfO{ Vjfpg] :yfgLo dfG5] ufp" 5f]8\b} knfog x'g], ;'/Iff lgsfodf cfqmd0f ug{ dfgj 9fn aGg] dfG5] klg kfpg sl7g cj:yfsf] ;fdgf dfcf]jfbLn] ul//xg k/]sf] x'gfn] jftf{df hfg' pgLx¿sf] nflu afWotf g} lyof] . ;ftjif{ n8\bf klg s'g} Pp6f lhNnf, If]q sAhf u/L Toxf" cfkm\gf] zf;g ;Qf :yflkt ug{ g;s]sf]n] pgLx¿df xltof/af6 /fHo lhTg] cfTd/lt oyfy{df kl/0ft x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf klg lyof] . To;}n] pgLx¿ jftf{sf lglDt cft'/ t lyP . t/ c¿ kf6L{x¿ /fhf / /fhfsf] bofsf] ;/sf/;"u 6fl9b}+ ubf{ ltg};"u glhlsg vf]Hbf cfkm"dfly z+sf unf{g\ eg]/ dfcf]jfbLx¿ ;z+lst lyP . t/, jftf{sf] sf8{ km\of"s]sf] b'O{ dlxgfkl5 Tof] cfz+sf aLrd} pgLx¿ /fhf / /fhfsf] ;/sf/;"u o'4lj/fd / zflGtjftf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg tof/ ePsf 5g\ .

of] l:yltn] g]kfnsf pBdL, Jofkf/L, ;j{;fwf/0f, g]kfnsf ljsf; ;xof]uL ldqx¿ ;a}nfO{ v'zL t t'NofPsf] 5 . of] l:ylt lgdf{0f ug{ dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;'bLk kf7s, dNn s]= ;'Gb/, l;Gw'gfy Kofs'/]nn] cfkm\gf] 7fp"af6 / lxdfnozdz]/ ha/f, /fh]Gb| v]tfg nufog !# hgf pBdL–Joj;foL / a'l4hLjLx¿n] zflGt jftf{sf] lglDt u/]sf] kxnsf] klg 7"nf] of]ubfg 5 . To;n] /fhf / ;+;bLo bnx¿aLr c;dembf/L a9]sf] a]nfdf klg dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ zflGt jftf{df cfpg] af6f] vf]Ng ;3fPsf] lyof] .

t/, jftf{sf] d"n r/0fdf k|j]z gePsf]n] To;df jftf{ s;/L hfG5, To;k|lt eg] ;+zo g} 5 . o;}n] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng clxn]nfO{ clt dxTjk"0f{ 7flgPsf] 5 . lsgsL ;+ljwfg;ef, cGtl/d ;/sf/b]lv d'n'sn] xfn Joxf]/L /x]sf ;d:ofsf] bL3{sfnLg ;+j}wflgs / /fhgLlts ;dfwfgsf] lbzf lgb]{zg To;n] lbg] 5 . ;/sf/, dfcf]jfbL, /fhgLlts bnx¿, gful/s ;dfh / g]kfnsf ljsf; ;xof]uL ldqx¿ ;r]t e}lbPgg\ eg] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngd} xfd|f] zflGt k|lqmof uf]ndfndf km":g] hf]lvd klg oyfjt\ /xG5 . To;f] eP/ k'gM zflGt k|lqmof c;kmn x'guof] eg] cfpg] lbgdf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ g]kfnsf] ;'/Iff zlQmn] lgoGq0f ug{ ;Sb}g / cGttM dfcf]jfbLx¿n] k|f/De d} 7f]s'jf u/]h:tf] ljb]zL kmf}h cfpg] 9f]sf v'N5 .

a}+sn] s:g] †

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . ljb]zLsf] Joj:yfkg cGtu{t ;~rflnt x'g k'u]sf g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 / /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+sn] ca cfkm\gf] 8'a]sf] ;f"jf–Jofh s;]/ e'QmfgL ug]{ ;+s]t b]vfPsf 5g\ . b'a} a}+sn] 7"nf C0fLx¿nfO{ b}lgs cvjf/sf] k|yd k[i7df lj1fkg 5kfP/ To:tf] cg'/f]w ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ .

xfn}dfq g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8n] cfkm\gf] g]t[Tjdf /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s, sd{rf/L ;+ro sf]if / g]kfn P;=aL=cfO{+ a}+s ldn]/ nufgL u/]sf] Oi6g{ ;'u/ ldnnfO{ C0f r'Qmf ug{ ;"rgf hf/L u¥of] . g]kfn a}+ssf] @$ s/f]8 %) nfv, jfl0fHo a}+ssf] !$ s/f]8 %) nfv, P;=aL=cfO{+= a}+ssf] $ s/f]8 / sd{rf/L ;+ro sf]ifsf] !# s/f]8 @% nfv u/L hDdf %^ s/f]8 @% nfv nufgL ePsf] Oi6g{ ;'u/ldnn] e'QmfgL tflnsf cg'¿k s'g} klg a}+ssf] shf{ r'Qmf u/]sf] lyPg .

pQm sDkgLsf ;+:yfks uf]N5f, zf/bf, /f7L ;d"x / ;+3fO{ ;d"xn] ;DalGwt a}+sx¿sf] Psn C0fL ;Ldfaf6 aRg sDkgLsf] z]o/ kl/jf/ jfx]ssf cfkm\gf / c¿ sDkgLsf] gfddf /fv]sf lyP . pgLx¿n] hg;fwf/0fnfO{ 5'6\ofPsf] !% k|ltzt z]o/ clxn];Dd lgisfzg u/]sf] 5}g . ;+:yfksx¿n] g]kfn O08li6«on P08 sdz{ a}+s vf]nL nfvf}" dflg;sf] lgIf]k ;+sng u/]sf 5g\ . t/ csf]{lt/ cfkm}n] lnPsf] C0f ;dodf r'Qmf ug{ ;s]gg\ . a}+sn] @)%& r}qdf @( s/f]8 !* nfv *) xhf/ ;fjf" / ^ s/f]8 &# nfv %^ xhf/ Jofh af"sL /x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lyof] .

o;}u/L /fli6«o afl0fHo a}+sn] klg dxfnIdL ;'u/ km\ofS6«Ldf ;~rfns jL/]Gb|s'df/ sgf}l8ofnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgfdfkm{t\ shf{ r'Qmf ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . clwsf+z 3/fgLof pBf]ukltx¿n] lnPsf] shf{ glt/]/ 8'Ag k'u]sf oL a}+sx¿sf] Joj:yfkg s/f/df lng]x¿n] ;a}nfO{ ;fj{hlgs tfs]tf ug]{ w/ b]vfPsf 5g\ . ljutdf ;/sf/L ;f];{, kmf];{ nufP/ ar]sf ;fx'x¿nfO{ o;k6s eg] bofdfof g/fVg] ePsf 5g\ .

cf]nL / jfdb]j pb\3f6g ;Daf]wgaf6 jl~rt
Pdfn]sf]] dxflwj]zgdf k'gM s6'tfsf] lahf/f]k0f

sdn ;fx

hgsk'/wfd . g]skf Pdfn]leqsf] zlQm ;+3if{ dxflwj]zgkl5 emg} a9]/ hfg] l:ylt b]vfk/]sf] 5 . lxhf] hgsk'/sf] P]ltxfl;s !@ laufxf d}bfgdf ;DkGg ePsf] eJo pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf ;+:yfkg kIfn] cNkdt kIfsf jl/i7 g]tfx¿ v8\uk|;fb cf]nL / jfdb]j uf}td b'j}nfO{ af]Ng] cj;/af6 jl~rt u/fOlbP .

pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf af]Ng] cj;/ gkfPsf] x'gfn] cf]nL–uf}td kIfw/x¿ lrl9Psf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] cfkm\gf] km/s dtsf] b:tfj]hnfO{ dxflwj]zgsf] aGb;qdf k|:t't u/L k|ltlglwx¿ slGeG; ul/g] ts{ lbPsf 5g\ . xndf k|:t't u/]sf] km/s dtn] slt sfo{stf{sf] ;dy{g kfp"5 Tof] eGg sl7g 5 . t/, g]kfn kIfw/ eg] cf]nL kIfn] Ps rf}yfO dt kfpg] bfjL ub{5g\ . t/ cf]nL kIfsf sfo{stf{x¿ ax'dt k|ltlglw cfkm\gf] kIfdf ePsf] bfjL ub{5g\ . of] s'/fsf] 6'+uf] nufpg x'g] lgjf{rg ljlw klg ljjfbdf k/]sf] 5 .

k|ltlglw rogdf cfkm\gf kIfsf sfo{stf{x¿ a9L cfPsf]n] 9'Ss b]lvPsf dxf;lrj g]kfnsf] ;+:yfkg kIf dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwaLr cfkm\gf] k|:tfj v'nf dtbfg u/fpg] kIfdf 5 eg] km/s kIfw/ cf]nL cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 k|:t't km/sdt / ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgfnfO{ clwj]zg k|ltlglwx¿aLr uf]Ko dtbfgdf nfluof];\ eGg] rflx/xg'ePsf] 5 .

o'4lj/fdsf] ;dy{g

g]skf Pdfn]sf] ;ftf}+ dxflwj]zgsf] pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf af]Ng] /fli6«o kf6L{sf g]tfx¿n] ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr xfn} ;DkGg ePsf] o'4lj/fdsf] :jfut / ;dy{g u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf dxfdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnfn] t cfkm\gf ;efkltsf] egfOnfO{ ;dy{g ub}{, xTof lx+;f Tofu]/ cfpg] dfcf]jfbL;"u uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng / jftf{df ;a} /fhgLlts bnnfO{ ;dfj]z u/fpg'kg]{ dfu g} /fVg'eof] .

g]skf Pdfn]sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] d'n's / hgtfsf] lxt rfxg] cfkm\gf] kf6L{n] lx+;fsf] cGTonfO{ ;sf/fTds ¿kdf lnPsf] atfp"b} eGg'eof], æt/ s'g} klg axfgfdf @)$^ ;fnsf] pknAwLnfO{ lg:t]h kfg{ / ax'bnLo Joj:yfnfO{ ;dfKt ug]{ vfnsf s'g} lsl;dsf ;Demf}tfnfO{ Pdfn] :jLsfg{ ;Sb}g .Æ

;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL o'4lj/fdnfO{ ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{sf cWoIf clds z]/rg, g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf dxfdGqL b]j]Gb| ld>, /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o v]d/fh kl08tn] klg ;dy{g ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

/fhfnfO{ ;+ljwfgdf af"lwg]

cfkm\gf] pb\3f6g efif0fdf g]skf Pdfn]sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] kf6L{sf] ;ftf}+ dxflwj]zgn] /fhfnfO{ ;+j}wflgs bfo/fdf ;Lldt ug]{ s'/f ls6fg ul/ 5f8\g] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . >L % af6 Pdfn] g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ u7g x'G5 jf ;/sf/df Pdfn]nfO{ dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ef/ k|fKt x'G5 eGg] cfzfdf em'l08P/ !* c;f]hsf] zfxL sbd lj/f]wL cfGbf]ngnfO{ 5f]8]/ clwj]zglt/ nfu]sf] Pdfn] o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ffn] eml:sPsf] klg 5 . kf6L{x¿ 6'6fP/, km'6fP/ cfkm\gf] b'gf] ;f]em\ofpg]x¿n] Pdfn]nfO{ hgsk'/af6 ;Un} kms{g lbg] x'g\ jf xf]Ogg\ eGg] eo klg Psy/Ldf knfPsf] 5 .

/fhfnfO{ k"jf{~rnsf] lj/f6gu/n] clegGbg u/]sf] Ps dlxgfleq} dWo t/fOdf cfof]lht Pdfn] dxflwj]zg pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf Pdfn]n] j[xt hg ;xeflutf h'6fPsf] lyof] . t/ df};dn] eg] Pdfn]nfO{ Tolt ;fy lbPg .

Pdfn]sf] dxflwj]zgnfO{ lrlgof sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf pm sf]Ë ofË, ef/tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{, dfn]sf bLkfª\s/ e§frfo{ ef/tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf k|ltlglwn] klg ;Daf]wg ug{'ePsf] lyof] . cfhb]lv Pdfn]sf] aGb ;q hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgfdf ;+rfng x'g] ePsf] 5 .

;z:q k|x/L dxflg/LIfs s[i0fdf]xgsf] xTof c´} /x:odo

k|bLk kf]v/]n

sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLsfaLr cf}krfl/s o'4lj/fdsf] b'O{ lbg cufl8 ;z:q k|x/Lsf] xTof lsg eof] xf]nf < ;z:q k|x/L ansf dxflg/LIfs s[i0fdf]xg >]i7sf] ut cfOtaf/ ul/Psf] xTofsf] ljifo olta]nf ;'/Iff kl/ifb\sf] dflyNnf] lgsfodf g} cg';Gwfgsf] k|d'v Ph]08f alg/x]sf] 5 . cg';Gwfgstf{x¿n] h'6fPsf] k|f/lDes tYof+sdf eg] >]i7 nufot cGo ljlzi7 >]0fLsf JolQmx¿nfO{ dfg]{ of]hgf dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] pkTosf Ao'/f]n] * dlxgf cufl8 g} agfPsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . o;sf] hfgsf/L u'Ktr/x¿n] >]i7nfO{ u/fPsf klg lyP . cfkm\gf u'Ktr/af6 kfPsf] ;"rgfnfO{ >]i7n] ;f]xL a]nf a;]sf] ;'/Iff kl/ifb\sf] a}7sdf ;d]t /fVg'ePsf] Ps pRr k|x/L clws[tn] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfPsf 5g\ . pxf"n] tTsfnLg dGqL, axfnjfnf dGqL, s]xL e"k" ;lrjx¿ / pRr k|x/L clws[tx¿sf] xTofsf] nflu dfcf]jfbLx¿n] /fhwfgLdf v6fPsf] ljz]if b:tfdf ;j{;fwf/0f ju{sf] eGbf a]Un} klx/g nufPsf, s'G8n, lhG; kfOG6, lxn ePsf h'Qf nufP/ cfw'lgs o'jf / o'jtLh:t} glrlgg] dlxnfnfO{ v6fPsf lyP . o:tf] Joxf]/fsf] ;s'{n/ kfPkl5 dxflg/LIfs >]i7n] ;'/Iff kl/ifb\df cfkm\gf] s'/f /fVg'eof] . t/ To;nfO{ s;}n] Tolt jf:tf u/]gg\ . t/, pqm l/kf]6{ g} clxn] cg';Gwfgsf] nflu e/kbf]{ cfwf/sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] bfjL k|x/L ;"qsf] 5 . To;f] t s[i0fdf]xg >]i7n] cfkm\gf] xTof x'geGbf b'O{ ;ftf cufl8 dfq ;'/Iff kl/ifb\sf] a}7sdf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] df3sf] bf];|f] ;ftfb]lv /fhwfgLleq k|x/L, ;]gf / jl/i7 dGqLx¿sf] xTof ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf] u'Ktr/ k|ltj]bg klg ;'/Iff kl/ifb\sf] a}7sdf k]z ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

pQm l/kf]6{df tTsfn nlIft b]lvPsfx¿df dGqLåo wd{axfb'/ yfkf, sdn rf}nfufO{+, ;xfos dGqL uf]kfn blxt, u'Ktr/ ljefu k|d'v nfnaxfb'/ yfkf, hgky k|x/L k|d'v ZofdeQm yfkf, /fh]Gb|axfb'/ l;+x, ;z:q k|x/L k|d'v s[i0fdf]xg >]i7, PcfOhL ;xaL/ yfkf, l8cfOhLx¿ cDa/ l;+x yfkf / /f]lxt yfkfsf] xTof ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] sfuhftsf ;fy} pkTosfdf vl6Psf dfcf]jfbL JolQmx¿sf] gfd ;d]t v'nfPsf] sfuhkq xft kf/]sf] l/kf]6{ k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] .

sf7df8f}+, eQmk'/, nlntk'/df u/L dfcf]jfbLsf pkTosf Ao'/f] sdf08df ljleGg pkgfd u/]sf dfgaxfb'/ yfkf, b]j]Gb| k/fh'nL, ls/0f kf}8]n, ljho 9sfn, 1fg]Gb| lqkf7L, s'df/ of]Ghg, k|bLknfn la;L, ¿b|/fh cfrfo{, k'¿iff]Qd l3ld/], ltns lg/f}nf, /fhg ltdlN;gf, k'¿iff]Qd vltj8f, k'¿iff]Qd ;fksf]6f, s[i0f s];L, g]q ljqmd rGb, cd[t dxh{g, /dfz/0f dxh{g, /d]z k|hfklt, /fdgfy d}gfnL, a}s'07x/L >]i7, >L/fd vf]Oh', k]df nfdf u/L em08} @% hgf 5fkfdf/x¿ vl6Psf] pNn]v lyof] . To:t} nlntk'/sf nflu kmf}hL sdf08/df /fdz/0f dxh{g, eQmk'/sf nflu lbnaxfb'/ k|hfklt / sf7df8f}+sf nflu dfgaxfb'/ yfkf v6fPsf] hfgsf/L b'O{ ;ftf cufl8 ;'/IffsdL{x¿nfO{ cfPsf] lyof] . pQm l/kf]6{ k|:t't eP nuQ} pkTosfsf k|d'v tTsfnLg l8cfOhL xfnsf PcfOhL /ljsfGt cof{nn] pkTosfsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu xfnsf] eGbf 8an ;+Vofdf ;'/IffsdL{x¿ kl/rfng ug'{kg]{ l/kf]6{ k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

k|x/L pRr ;"qn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ dfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 ;ft lbg laTbf klg dxflg/LIfs >]i7sf] xTofsf] lhDd]jf/L lnOPsf] 5}g . ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr jftf{sf] ;Defjgf a9\b} uP/ dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] nlIft y|]6df >]i7 qmdzM tn kb}{ uPsf] cj:yfdf ePsf] ck|Tofl;t xTofsf] k5fl8 l5d]sL d'n'ssf u'Ktr/ ;+:yfsf] xft x'g;Sg] cg'dfg ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] g} ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . To;f] t lgjf{lrt ;/sf/sf] cGt/ut /xL kl/rflnt x'g zfxL ;]gfn] cfgfsfgL u/]kl5 k"0f{tM ;+;b\ / ;/sf/sf] clwg cGt/ut x'g]u/L dfcf]jfbL bdg s} nflu tTsflng k|d lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] Psn kxnaf6 ;z:q k|x/L an u7g ePsf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbL, cGo zlQm s]Gb|x¿ kl5 o;af6 ;Gt'i6 lyPgg\ . k"0f{t ;/sf/sf] lgoGq0fdf /xg] cw{;}lgs k|s[ltsf] of] an ;'/Iffsf] uf]Ko ;"rgfaf6 jl~rt /xb}gYof] . Psy/L ljZn]ifsx¿ s] ljZjf; ub{5g\ eg] !* jif{b]lv cfTdlge{/ aGg /ljejgsf] ln+sg :s'ndf cWofkg/t >LdLtL g'8'k >]i7dfkm{t\ g]kfn / l5d]sL d'n'sx¿sf] ;DaGw, g]kfndf rn]sf] ;z:q ljb|f]xdf dnhn k'¥ofpg] sf/sx¿sf af/]df cgf}krfl/s jftf{df cd]l/sf h:tf] zlQmzfnL d'n'ssf g]kfnl:yt vf; kbflwsf/Lx¿;Dd ;"rgf k'Ug] eon] of] xTof ul/Psf] xf] . cd]l/sL b'tfjf;df sfo{/t b'O{ lgDg :t/Lo sd{rf/Lsf] xTof x'g' / ltgsf] xTof/f kQf gnfUg'sf ;fy} dxflg/LIfs >]i7sL kTgL g'8'k >]i7nfO{ ln+sg :s'n 5f]8\g dfcf]jfbLsf tkm{af6 lg/Gt/ cfPsf bjfjsf k[i7e"ldnfO{ x]bf{ o;nfO{ gkTofpg'kg]{ s'g} sf/0f b]lvGg . of] xTofaf6 csf]{ ;Gb]z lbg vf]h]sf] klg b]lvG5 ls g]kfnsf ;'/IffsdL{x¿ cfkm\gf] xltof/ hf]ufpg ;Sg] cj:yfdf 5}gg\ . / pgLx¿nfO{ lbPsf] xltof/ ljb|f]xLsf] xftdf ;lhn} k'U5 . of] sf]0faf6 x]g]{ xf], of] xTofdf g]kfnsf] ;}Lgs ;'b[9, ;Ifd / ;jn gxf];\ g]kfnn] aflx/af6 xltof/ Nofpg g;sf];\ eGg] zlQmx¿ nfu]sf] cg'dfg lg:sG5 .

To;f] t g]kfnn] xftxltof/ lsGbf / ;'/Iff kmf}hsf] ;+Vof a9fp"bf klg l5d]sLsf] s/s/ ;'Gb} cfpg'k/]sf] 5 . ptf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ;d]t ;ft lbg laTbf ;d]t xTofsf] lhDd]jf/L lnPsf 5}gg\ . @)%* ;fn df3 !# ut] pgsf] ;+v'jf;efdf /x]sf] k'Vof}{nL 3/ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] hnfPsf lyP . 7Ls To;sf] Ps jif{df df3 !@ ut] >]i7s} xTof u/] eg] !# ut] pgsf] d[t z/L/ klg 3/ hnfPs} lbgdf v/fgL eof] .

cg';Gwfg sxf" k'Uof] <

;z:q k|x/L dxflg/LIfs s[i0fdf]xg >]i7, pgsL >LdtL g'8'k >]i7 / c+u/Ifs ;O{ ;"o{ /]UdLsf] df3 !@ ut] cfOtaf/ laxfg &M!% ah]b]lv &M@% ah]sfaLrdf xTof ePsf] ;DaGwdf clxn];Dd pRr:t/Lo 5fgljg ;ldlt u7g geP klg pRr lgsfox¿af6 g} lgs} rf;f] / r'gf}tLsf ;fy cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf 5g\ . pQm xTofsf] cg';Gwfg ug{sf nflu clxn] l8cfO{hL s]zj a/fnnfO{ ;+u7gaf6 leqL ¿kdf tf]lsPsf] 5 .

k|x/L cg';Gwfgsf qmddf xTofdf ;+nUg /x]sf lbg]z >]i7 elgg] s[i0f ;+}h' kf6g xl:k6ndf lt3|fdf uf]nL nflu Od/h]G;L sIfdf egf{ ePsf a]nfdf ;dfltPsf 5g\ . t/, ;}+h';"u ;+nUg /x]sf ;fyLx¿sf] ljj/0f lbg cem} ;+}h' cgsgfO/x]sf 5g\ .

kf6g xl:k6ndf lgh ;+}h' egf{ x'"bf eg] ljgo >]i7 7]ufgf ag]kf n]vfP/ egf{ ePsf lyP . pQm s'/f xl:k6ns} gfd btf{ ePsf] kmfonaf6 v'Ng uPsf] 5 . pgL pQm xl:k6ndf &M#) ah] ljgf uflh{og egf{ ePsf lyP . pQm 36gfsf] af/]df xl:k6ndf vl6Psf k|x/Lx¿n] kQf nufPsf lyP . clxn] g]kfn k|x/Ln] x/]s xl:k6nx¿df ck/fwLx¿sf] klxrfgsf nflu k|x/Lx¿ v6fpg] u/]sf] 5 . v6fPsf k|x/Lx¿n] u]6df g} ladf/Lx¿sf] k|s[lt x]/L l6kf]6 ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ .

o;}sf cfwf/df kf6gdf pkrf/ u/fpg PSn} k'u]sf ljgo / lbg]z pkgfd u/]sf ;+}h'nfO{ af"of v'§fsf] lt3|fdf uf]nL nflu x8\8L ef"lrPsf] cj:yfdf pkrf/ sIfaf6 g} k|x/Lx¿n] cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ k|x/L xl:k6n k'¥ofPsf lyP .

cg';Gwfgsf qmddf g} pgsf] uf]hLaf6 ljj]s pkgfd u/]sf] kl/rokq km]nf kf/]sf] lyP . cGttM pgn] cg';Gwfgstf{x¿;"u cfkm\gf] jf:tljs pkgfd ljj]s /x]sf] :jLsf/]sf 5g\ . ljj]s pkgfd u/]sf] pQm JolQm g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] pkTosf Ao'/f] ;b:o / s]Gb|Lo 5fkfdf/ /x]sf] s'/f cg';Gwfgsf qmddf ;'/IffsdL{n] km]nf kfl/;s]sf 5g\ . )! sf]8{ gDa/ ePsf] pQm cleo'Qmsf] z/L/df Pr=8L= n]v]sf] / s]xL nlIft JolQmx¿sf] gfd n]v]sf] sfuhftsf cltl/Qm (^(!)&%&& gDa/sf] k]h/ / lbg]z >]i7 n]v]sf] kl/rokq k;{af6 km]nf kf/]sf 5g\ .

clxn];Ddsf] cg';Gwfgdf pQm sf08df xs]{ tfdfË eGg] s'df/ tfdfË / cfzf eGg] clDasf >]i7 pkm{ nLnf >]i7 pkgfd /x]sL 5fkfdf/ x'g;Sg] cg'dfg nufOPsf] 5 . s[i0fdf]xg >]i7sf] xTofsf] of]hgf Ps dlxgf cufl8b]lv ag]sf] s'/f ;}+h'n] aofgdf atfPsf 5g\ . To:t} s[i0fdf]xg >]i7sf] kmf}hL sf/jfxLsf nflu of]hgf agfpg] of]hgfsf/x¿df s'df/ kf}8]n, lbns'df/ k|hfklt, /fdz/0f dxh{g, /d]z k|hfklt, pd]z tfdfË nufotsf JolQmn] ;fy lbPsf] s'/f cg';Gwfgn] k|:6\ofpg yfn]sf] 5 .

;'/IffsdL{sf] g]t[Tj ;Dxfn]sf JolQmx¿ klg of] 36gf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] 36fPsf] xf] elg Plsg ug{;Sg] cj:yfdf 5}gg\ . pgLx¿ anhkm\tL ¿kdf dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] Ps ;d"xnfO{ kmsfO km'NofO{ lsg]/ 36fPsf] sfo/ 36gfsf ¿kdf o;nfO{ lnG5g\ . clxn] pkTosfdf dfcf]jfbLx¿af6 nlIft aGb} uPsf eL=eL=cfO=kL= / eL=cfO=kL=x¿sf nflu kf"r ;o eGbf a9L lghL ;'/IffsdL{x¿ kl/rfng ug]{ Joj:yf k|x/L ;+u7gn] ldnfPsf] 5 . clxn] ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] pkTosfdf /x]sf eL=cfO=kL=x¿sf nflu …sÚ, …vÚ, …uÚ, …3Ú u/L rf/ efudf juL{s/0f u/L PshgfnfO{ !@ b]lv lnP/ ! hgf;Dd ljz]if tflnd k|fKt c+u/Ifsx¿ lbPsf] 5 .

o;/L lbPsf c+u/IfsdWo] …sÚ / …vÚ ju{df kg]{ eLcfO{kLx?sf] ;'/Iffy{ vl6Psf ;'/IffsdL{x¿dWo] PsnfO{ a'n]6k|'km Hofs]6 ;d]t lbOPsf] 5 .

;Rrf /fi6«;]jssf] cj;fg

cUnf] sb, x+;d'v cg'xf/, eb| Jojxf/, ;bfrf/, lzi6 / g/d af]nL, uxlsnf] ljrf/, ;/n ldhf;, st{Jok|ltsf] ;dk{0f h:tf ljz]if u'0f ePsf ;z:q k|x/Lsf k|yd dxflg/LIfs s[i0fdf]xg >]i7, cfttfoLx¿sf] xTofsf] lzsf/ aGg'eof] . ltgLx¿n] pxf"sL >LdtL g'8'k >]i7 / c+u/Ifs ;"o{ /]UdLnfO{ klg af"sL /fv]gg\ .

hGdb} ljjfbdf k/]sf] ;+:yfsf] kd'v eP/ klg pxf"n] 5f]6f] cjlwdf o;nfO{ :yflkt u/fO;Sg'ePsf] lyof] . zlQm s]Gb| dflgPsf ;a} /fhgLlts bnx¿, g]tfx¿;"usf] ;DaGw dfq} x}g, /fli6«o Pstfsf] k|tLs ag]sf] /fh;+:yf, g]kfnsf] ;'/Iffsf] uf}/j ag]sf] zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf;"u klg lgs6 / ljZjf;of]Uo ;DaGw ljsl;t u/]/ pxf"n] cfkm\gf] ;+u7gnfO{ ljjfb/lxt 9+un] cufl8 a9fpg'ePsf] lyof] . of] gof" ;+u7g hGd]/ :yflkt x'"bf klg st} e|i6frf/sf] ljjfbdf k/]g . g]kfnsf] e"–/fhgLltsf] ljlzi6 1fg ePsf]n] g} x'g;S5, ;}Go ;fdu|L cfk"lt{ / hgzlQm ljsf;df ef/t–cd]l/sf b'j}sf] ;Gt'ng ldnfP/ lx+8\g'ePsf ;z:q dxflg/LIfs >]i7nfO{ dft[e"ldsf] ;]jf ug{af6} /f]s] cfttfoLx¿n] . b]zfGt/ kl/jf/ >]i7 bDklQ / /]UdLsf] d[tfTdfsf] rL/ zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt kl/jf/k|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf JoQm ub{5 .

b}lgs ;osf, lbg uP †

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] wfs wDsLdf k/]/ 3/ kl/jf/ 5f]8L efUg ljjz ePsf clw/fHosf sl/a # xhf/ JolQmx¿n] o'4 lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 kfp"b} cfPsf] lj:yflkt eQfaf6 jl~rt x'g'kg]{ ;Defjgf a9\g yfn]sf] 5 .

o;/L lj:yflkt eP/ eQf vfg]x¿df ^$ lhNnfsf dfcf]jfbLx¿af6 nlIft eP/ ;'/lIft :yntkm{ nfu]sf JolQmx¿ g} 5g\ . t/ clxn];Dd dfcf]jfbL cToGt} k|efljt lhNnfsf ¿kdf ulgPsf ¿s'd, /f]Nkfsf eg] sf]xL klg JolQmn] lj:yflkt eQf kfPsf 5}gg\ . To:t} lj:yflkt eQf clxn];Dd u|x0f gug]{ lhNnfdf tfKn]h'Ë, ;Kt/L, sf7df8f}+, eQmk'/, af/f, k;f{, dsjfgk'/, dgfª, d':tfª / kfNkf u/L !! j6f dfq /x]sf 5g\ .

lhNnf lhNnfaf6 u[x dGqfnodf k7fPsf] l/kf]6{ cg';f/ clxn];Dd ;a}eGbf a9L lj:yflkt eQf u|x0f ug]{ lhNnfsf afl;Gbfx¿df nlntk'/ @ ;o !%, ;f]n'v'Da' ! ;o %(, b}n]v ! ;o @$, ;'v]{t ! ;o $&, sfnLsf]6 ! ;o !&, alb{of ! ;o !, ndh'ª ! ;o ! /x]sf 5g\ .

To:t} kf"ry/ ##, Onfd @$, emfkf @), ;+v'jf;ef !&, wgs'6f !%, t]x|y'd *, ef]h'k/ #, ;'g;/L !, df]/ª !^, cf]vn9'+uf &%, vf]6fª !(, pbok'/ @^, l;/xf &, bf]nvf !!, /fd]5fk %@, l;Gw'nL ^), ;nf{xL !!, wg'iff %, dxf]Q/L @, /;'jf @, g'jfsf]6 !&, sfe|]knf~rf]s %@, l;Gw'kfNrf]s !), wflbª %$, /f}tx6 $^, lrtjg !%, sf:sL #, :ofª\hf @#, tgx'" #(, uf]/vf &@, kj{t (, DofUbL $&, afUn'ª (^, gjnk/f;L $, ¿kGb]xL !, slknj:t' !, u'NdL @(, c3f{vf"rL #, ;Nofg ^$, Ko'7fg #%, bfª *&, af"s] &, hfh/sf]6 ^), h'Dnf ^!, x'Dnf (, d'u' !*, 8f]Nkf @, c5fd !(, 8f]6L, #@, s}nfnL !$, aemfª @!, afh'/f !&, sGrgk'/ @@, 88]Nw'/f $%, a}t8L ##, hgfn] eQf vf"b} cfPsf 5g\ . t/ o;/L eQf vfg]sf] ;+Vof of] eGbf rf/ kf"r ;osf] ;+Vofdf a9L /x]sf] u[x dGqfnosf k|jQmf uf]k]Gb|axfb'/ kf08]n] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .

b]pjf ;/sf/sf] kfnfdf lj:yflkt kl/jf/sf k|To]s ;b:onfO{ b}lgs Ps;o eQf lbg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . clxn] lj:yflkt kl/jf/x¿sf nflu dfq u[x dGqfnon] b}lgs # nfv ¿k}of" lbb}+ cfPsf] 5 . pQm /sd u0f]zdfg zflGt cleofg sfo{qmdsf] ah]6af6 lbO"b} cfPsf] 5 . To;f] t u0f]zdfg zflGt cleofgsf] nflu egL ;/sf/n] 5'6\ofPsf] & s/f]8 /sddf kf}if d;fGt;Ddd} % s/f]8 ^! nfv, %& xhf/ ^ ;o !% ¿k}of" vr{ eO;s]sf] lyof] / af"sL /sd klg clxn];Ddsf ckfË, 3fOt] kl/jf/ / dfcf]jfbLåf/f dfl/Psf kl/jf/sf ;b:onfO{ lbOb}+ cfPsf] ! nfv %) xhf/ ¿k}of klg o;} /sdaf6 lbgfn] /sd vftfdf ;lsO;s]sf] 5 .

utjif{ eg] pQm zLif{sdf * s/f]8 &% ¿k}of" 5'6\ofOPsf] lyof] / ;f]xL cjlwdf & s/f]8 $* nfv @$ xhf/ * ;o &* dfq vr{ ePsf] lyof] .

qmflGtsf/Ln] aGb u/fP/} 5f8\g]

sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/ tyf dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fdsf] 3f]if0ff u/] klg cg]/f:jljo" qmflGtsf/Låf/f kmfu'g ! ut]b]lv ug]{ elgPsf] clglZrtsfnLg lzIf0f ;+:yf aGb eg] lkmtf{ glng] ePsf 5g\ . a'waf/ /fhwfgLdf v'nf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng ub}{ cfkm"n] cl3 ;f/]sf !# ;"qLo dfux¿ tTsfn k'/f ug{ ;lsg] g} ePsfn] klg cfkm"x¿ kl5 gx6\g] pgLx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . ;/sf/åf/f k|:t't @( a'"b] z}lIfs ;'wf/ sfo{qmdnfO{ 6fn6'n] / pwf/f] atfp"b} KofA;gåf/f nfu" ul/Psf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf / Go"g z'Ns s6f}tLnfO{ ck'/f] atfPsf 5g\ .

o;cl3 lghL tyf cfjf;Lo ljBfnox¿n] nufPsf] rsf]{ z'Ns x6fpg'kg]{ clvn qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{sf] dfusf ;DaGwdf lzIff If]qsf ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] /fhwfgLdf a;]sf] /fli6«o e]nfn] lglZrt dfkb08 tf]lslbPsf] 5 . pQm dfkb08nfO{ KofA;g tyf Pg–KofA;gn] s8fOsf ;fy nfu" ug]{ k|lta4tf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf 5g\ .

lzIff If]q;"u ;/f]sf/jfnf ;+:yfx¿n] Pg–KofA;gsf] k|yd /fli6«o clwj]zgn] kfl/t u/]sf] z'Ns ;Ldf / KofA;gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] z'Ns s6f}tL Ps};fy nfu" ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] z'Ns ;Ldf / KofA;gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] z'Ns s6f}tL Ps};fy nfu" ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . lzIff If]qsf ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] pQm e]nfn] kmfu'gb]lv x'g] elgPsf] clglZrtsfnLg lzIf0f ;+:yf aGbaf/] lzIff dGqfno uDeL/ eO{ tTsfn jftf{sf dfWodaf6 ;xdltdf k'uL ;dfwfg vf]Hg dfu u/]sf] 5 .

lghL ljBfnosf] ;+u7g Pg–KofA;gn] b'O{ jif{cl3 to u/]sf] z'Ns lgwf{/0fnfO{ s8fOsf ;fy nfu" ug]{ ePsf] 5 . pQm z'Ns lgwf{/0fdf ;b:o ljBfnon] dfl;s z'Ns k"j{ k|fylds txdf @ ;o %) b]lv ^ ;o ¿k}of";Dd, k|fylds txdf # ;o %) b]lv ^ ;o %) ¿k}of";Dd, lgDg dfWolds txdf $ ;o %) b]lv & ;o %) ¿k}of";Dd / pRr dfWolds txdf * ;o %) b]lv ! xhf/ %) ¿k}of";Dd lng kfpg] Joj:yf tf]lsPsf] lyof] .

lghL ljBfnox¿sf] csf]{ ;+u7g KofA;gn] klg k"j{ k|fyldsdf # ;o % ;o ¿k}of" z'Ns lng] ljBfnon] !) k|ltzt z'Ns s6f}tL ug'{kg]{, k|fylds ljBfnon] clwstd ¿kdf !% ;o ¿k}of" lng kfpg]df !% k|ltzt s6f}tL ug'{kg]{ / dfWolds ljBfnosf] clwstd @ xhf/ ¿k}of" z'Nsdf @) k|ltzt s6f}tL ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . @ xhf/ ¿k}of"eGbf dfly lng] pRr dfWolds ljBfnon] eg] @% k|ltzt s6f}tL u/L oxL df3b]lv nfu" ug]{ lg0f{o ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 .

KofA;g / Pg–KofA;gsf] lg0f{ok|lt /fhwfgLsf s]xL ljBfnon] eg] c;xdlt hgfPsf 5g\ . /fhwfgLsf s'g} klg ljBfnox¿ pQm dfkb08nfO{ xfn;Dd nfu" u/]sf] yfxf x'g cfPsf] 5}g eg] sltko ljBfnox¿ o; lg0f{ok|lt cGof}ndf k/]sf 5g\ .

clw/fHodf !) xhf/eGbf a9L lghL ljBfno 5g\ . clvn qmflGtsf/Ln] z'Ns lgwf{/0f nufotsf ljifodf Ps jif{otf ljleGg r/0fdf z}lIfs cfGbf]ng hf/L /fv]kl5 lghL ljBfno ;xh ¿kdf ;+rfngdf cfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . lzIff If]q;"u ;Da4 lgsfosf] tYof+s cg';f/ lat]sf] Ps jif{df clw/fHosf & ;oeGbf a9L lghL ljBfno aGb e};s]sf 5g\ . o; ljifodf lzIff dGqfnon] uDeL/ eO{ tTsfn ;dfwfg ug'{k5{ eGg] lzIffljb\x¿sf] dfu /x]sf] 5 .

b'uf{ kf}8]n, k|lzIffyL{

;LdfjtL{ ef/tdf P;P;aL t}gfy

lht]Gb| lh=;L=

¿kGb]xL . ef/t ;/sf/n] cft+sjfb lgoGq0f ug]{ p2]Zon] g]kfnsf] ¿kGb]xL / gjnk/f;L lhNnf;"u hf]l8Psf] ;Ldf If]qdf cw{;}lgs an :k]zn ;le{; Ao"/f] -P;=P;=aL=_ t}gfy u/]sf] 5 .

ef/tsf] dxf/fhu~h lhNnf;"u hf]l8Psf] () ls=ld= b"/Ldf ;f]daf/b]lv t}gfy ul/Psf] ;f] kmf];{ cGtu{t !! j6f a6flnog :yfkgf ul/Psf 5g\ . k|To]s a6flnogdf u'Ktr/x¿, lrlsT;s Pj+ sdf08f] ;}lgs u/L cTofw'lgs xltof/o'Qm ! ;o $) hgf /x]sf 5g\ .

ef/tsf] s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/ dftxtsf] P;=P;=aL= kmf];{ ;'gf}nL ;Ldf If]qdf ;xfos sdf08/sf] sdf08df t}gfy ul/Psf] 5 . ;Ldf If]qb]lv sl/a Ps;o ld6/sf] b"/Ldf t}gfy ePsf] pQm kmf];{df kf"r ls=ld= cGt/df a6flnog rf}sL :yfkgf ul/Psf] ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx¿n] hgfPsf 5g\ . ut jif{ t}gfy x'g] elgPsf] ;f] kmf];{ k|fljlws sf/0fn] l9nfO{ ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .

ef/t ;/sf/n] ;Ldf If]qdf a9\b} uPsf] cft+ssf/L ultljlw Pj+ cj}w t:s/L lgoGq0fsf nflu ut jif{b]lv g]kfn–ef/t ;Ldf If]qdf P;=P;=aL= kmf];{ t}gfy ;'¿ u/]sf] lyof] . pQ/f~rn k|b]zdf t}gfy ;'¿ ul/Psf] ;f] kmf];{ g]kfn–ef/taLrsf] ! xhf/ & ;o ^* lsnf]ld6/ b'/Ldf kg]{ a+ufn, l;lSsd, laxf/ / pQ/ k|b]zdf kl/rfng e}/x]sf 5g\ . ;f] kmf];{sf Ps pRr clwsf/Ln] @$ xhf/ ;+Vofdf cw{ ;}lgsx¿ kl/rfng ePsf] hgfPsf 5g\ .

g]kfn–ef/t ;Ldf ;'/Iff Pj+ cft+ssf/L ultljlw lgoGq0f ug]{ p2]Zon] ef/tn] ;g\ !((& df ;Ldf k|x/L t}gfy u/]sf] lyof] . /fHo ;/sf/cGtu{tsf] ;Ldf k|x/L t}gfykl5 ;LdfjtL{ ck/fw cft+ssf/L ultljlwdf sdL gcfPsfn] ef/t ;/sf/n] P;=P;=kL= kmf];{ t}gfy u/]sf] xf] .

cTofw'lgs xltof/ / ljz]if ;}Go tflnd k|fKt ;f] kmf];{n] ef/t–kfls:tfg ;Ldf If]qsf] hf"r sflZd/nufotsf] b+ufu|:t :yfgdf ;kmntf k|ffKt u/]sfn] g]kfn–ef/t;Ldf If]qsf t}gfy ul/Psf] pRr clws[tn] hg;+3if{nfO{ atfP . ;LdfjtL{ If]qaf6 g]kfndf cft+ssf/L ultljlw ;+rfng ul//x]sf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ;xof]u kfO/x]sfn] ef/tn] P;=P;=kL= kmf];{ t}gfy u/]kl5 To;df sdL cfpg] dfcf]jfbL ultljlw lgoGq0fdf ;3fp k'Ug] ljZjf; g]kfnL ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .

cfrf/;+lxtf jftf{sf] d]¿b08 xf]

cfh g]kfndf ;a} hgtfn] zflGtsf] sfdgf ul//x]sf] cj:yf 5 . zflGt ckl/xfo{ klg 5 . ljut & jif{b]lv e}/x]sf] lx+;fTds åGånfO{ cGTo u/]df dfq} zflGt :yflkt x'G5 . o;} qmddf ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr ;Djfb eO{ jftf{sf] dfWodaf6 lgsf; kfpg'k5{ . csf]{tkm{ ;'/Iff lgsfosf] kl/rfngaf6 klg zflGt sfod ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] dfGotf ;+;f/df rlncfPsf] 5 . cyf{t\ ;sf/fTds zflGt Pj+ gsf/fTds zflGt, zflGt k|fKt ug]{ km/s km/s dfWod x'g\ . xfdL ;sf/fTds zflGtsf] kIfdf 5f}+ . åGånfO{ Joj:yfkg ubf{ j}rfl/s ¿kfGt/0f x'g'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] dfGotf xf] . o;}qmddf ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr jftf{sf] ;Defjgf / sf]l;z ljut @@ dlxgfb]lv rNb} cfPsf] 5 .

clxn] o'4lj/fd ePsf] 5 . of] :jfutof]Uo s'/f xf] . of] o'4lj/fdnfO{ ;sf/fTds 9+un] lng'k5{ . o'4lj/fdkl5 s] x'g'k5{ eGg] x]g'{ clxn] dxTjk"0f{ 5 . o'4lj/fd ;"u;"u} @ j6f s'/f x'g'kYof]{ . Pp6f xf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf . ;aeGbf klxn] cfrf/ ;+lxtf lgdf{0f u/L b'j} kIfn] x:tfIf/ ug'{k5{ / To;sf] kfngf b'j} kIfaf6 x'g'k5{ . cfrf/ ;+lxtf kfngf u/]sf] 3f]if0ff ug'{k5{ / o:tf] cfrf/ ;+lxtfnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug'{k5{ . dfcf]jfbLn] klg cfkm\gf] kf/fn] lx+8\g yfNnfg\, rGbf p7fpg yfNnfg\, xltof/ af]Snfg\, ckx/0f unf{g\ o:tf ofjt s'/fnfO{ lgoGq0f ug'{k5{ . To;kl5 jftf{sf] k|lqmofdf s;/L a:g] jftf{sf kIfx¿ sf] sf] x'g\ < o;sf] k|lqmofsf] ;dofjlw slt x'g] < oL ;a} s'/fsf] lgSof]{n x'g'k5{ . t/ clxn] oL s'/fx¿ b]lvPsf 5}gg\ . oL s'/fx¿ gb]lv+bf jftf{nfO{ :j:Yo ¿kdf cufl8 a9fpg afwf cfpg] 8/ 5 . cfrf/ ;+lxtf g} jftf{nfO{ 6'Ëf]df k'¥ofpg] ljifo xf] . To;sf/0fn] ubf{ of] dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . o;df jftf{df a:g]b]lv lnP/ jftf{ cjlwe/ ug{ x'g] jf gx'g] b]lv lnP/ jftf{sf] z}nL, o;sf kl/0ffddf hfg ;Sg] Pj+ uO;s]kl5sf ;Defjgfsf ;Gbe{df ;d]t o;df ;fd]n ul/Psf] x'G5 . To;sf/0f cfrf/ ;+lxtf x/]s jftf{sf] d]¿b08 xf] . To;sf/0f jftf{ ;'¿ ug'{eGbf cl3 b'j} kIfn] cfrf/ ;+lxtf lgdf{0f ug{tkm{ cEof; ug'{kb{5 .

csf]{ xf] cg'udg . x/]s jftf{df cg'udg cToGt h¿/L x'G5 . cg'udg ug{sf nflu Pp6f lgsfonfO{ lhDdf lbg'k5{ . b'j} kIfn] x:tfIf/ u/]/ cg'dlt lbPsf] cg'udg 6f]nLn] b'O{ kIfsf] af/]df u/]sf] l/kf]6{ cg'¿k b'j} kIf lx+8\g'k5{ . clxn] >Ln+sfdf ToxL eO/x]sf] 5 . g]kfndf klg cGt/f{li6«o /]8qm; of :Sof08]g]leog d'n'sx¿n] cg'udg u/L lb+bf lgikIf x'g;S5 . To;}n] clxn] # j6f s'/f :ki6 ¿kdf tTsfn ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . cfrf/ ;+lxtfdf x:tfIf/, cg'udg ug]{ lgsfo / ;do tflnsfsf] lgwf{/0f . of] k|f¿ksf] cfwf/df jftf{sf] df]8n cufl8 a9fpg'k5{ . x/]s lx+;fTds cfGbf]ngdf /fHodf ljleGg Stake holder x'G5g\ . g]kfndf /fhf, ;/sf/, dfcf]jfbL, /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ / gful/s ;dfh o:tf Stake holder x'g\ . logLx¿nfO{ pk]Iff ubf{ o;n] lgsf; kfp"5 h:tf] nfUb}g .

clxn] oL kIfx¿nfO{ :ki6 ¿kdf pk]Iff u/]sf] g} eg]/ eGg t ;lsb}+g . o'4lj/fdsf] k|lqmofdf hf"bf w]/} k"j{ ;dGjosf r/0fsf sfdx¿ x'G5g\ . jftf{ cufl8sf cEof;x¿df ;a} s'/f eGg'k5{ eGg] 5}g . Tof] cEof; clxn] ;lsPsf] 5 . t/ ef]ln ;a} s'/f kf/bzL{ 9+un] cfpg'k5{ . jftf{ ubf{ ;fdfGotof Ph]08fnfO{ t];|f] r/0fdf /fVg'k5{ . dfuaf6 slxNo} jftf{ x'"b}g . lsgeg] dfudf hfgf;fy c;xdltx¿ cufl8 cfOxfN5g\ . w]/} cgf}krfl/s s'/fx¿sf] cfwf/df ;xdltsf] jftfj/0f alg;s]kl5 cf}krfl/s jftf{df dfq} Ph]08fx¿df 5nkmn x'G5 . To;/L jftf{ cufl8 a9fpg'kg]{ eGg] jftf{sf] l;4fGt xf] .

clxn] s] s'/faf6 jftf{ ;'¿ ug'k5{ eGg] s'/f dxTjk"0f{ 5 . clxn] /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ @)$^ ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ arfP/ jftf{ ;'¿ ug'{k5{ / of] ;+ljwfgdf s]xL rf]6 nfu]sf] 5 Tof] x6\g'k5{ eGg] ub{5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx¿ eg] ;+ljwfg;efsf] s'/f ub}{5g\ . Toxf" of] ;+ljwfgsf] s'/} 5}g . To;}n] of] ;+ljwfgaf6 jftf{ ;'¿ x'G5 ls ;+ljwfg;efaf6 jftf{ ;'¿ x'G5 < Tof] k|i6 ¿kdf cfpg'k5{ . clgdfq} jftf{ kl/0ffdd'vL x'G5 .

jftf{sf Ph]08fdf s;/L s'/f ug]{ eGg] sfd vf;u/L ;/sf/ /fhgLlts bnx¿ / dfcf]jfbLn] to ug]{ s'/f xf] . pgLx¿n] gful/s ;dfhsf] ;d]t ;+nUgtfdf /fhgLlts Ph]08f to ug'{k5{ . o; l:yltdf gful/s ;dfhn] cfkm\gf] ljrf/nfO{ Ph]08fdf ;dflji6 u/fp"5 . o;f] eof] eg] jftf{df Ph]08f to ug{ ;lhnf] k5{ . t/ clxn] b'j} kIfaLr …xf]djs{Úsf] sdL b]lvPsf] 5 . o;eGbf cl3 klg k6sk6s dfcf]jfbLn] ;/sf/;"u / ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbL;"u cfkm\gf k|:tfjx¿ k7fpg] u/]sf klg x'g\ . dfgjclwsf/jfbLx¿sf] dfWodaf6 of] x'g] u/]sf] klg lyof] . clxn] dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ ;/sf/n] s]xL a9L lbPsf sf/0f pgLx¿ ptfkl§ uP/ o'4lj/fdsf] ;Demf}tf ug{ k'u]sf 5g\ . of] afx]s …xf]djs{Ú kof{Kt ePsf] b]lvb}+g . ca klg jftf{ ;'¿ ug'{cl3 k"j{ tof/L ug'{k5{ . xfdLn] tof/ u/]sf] k|f¿k cg';f/ ^ dlxgfb]lv ! jif{;dsf] jftf{ cjlwsf] k|f¿k /flvPsf] lyof] . t/ /fHo / ;/sf/n] o;nfO{ slt ;do /fV5 Tof] t eGg ;lsGg t/ o;nfO{ rf"8} 6'ª\Uofpg] eGg] bjfjdf hfg] xf] eg] o;sf] cs}{ ¿k x'g;S5 . To;}n] o;nfO{ xtf/df / bjfjdf jftf{nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg' x'"b}g .

cl3Nnf] k6s z]/axfb'/ b]pjf cfkm"n] ;ky ln+bflnb}+ o'4lj/fd ug]{ 3f]if0ff ug'{eof] . To;n] jf:tjdf s'g} …xf]djs{Ú gePsf] k'li6 ub{Yof] . klxn]sf] jftf{ xtf/df ;'¿ ul/Psf] lyof] . Tof] xtf/sf] k5fl8 b'j} kIfsf] lglxt :jfy{ lyof] . clxn] To:t} xtf/ / lglxt :jfy{ b'j} kIfsf] gxf];\ . leq Pp6f :jfy{ x''G5 / aflx/ csf]{ s'/f ul/G5 . Tof] cfwf/df xf] eg] tof/L ul/"b}g . clxn] klg tof/L 5}g . xtf/ b'j}nfO{ ePsf] 5 t/ jftf{df a:g' cufl8 tof/L ug]{ ;do 5 . Ps 8]9 dlxgfdf tof/L ug{ ;lsG5 .

o; k|sf/sf] lx+;fTds åGå ePsf] x/]s d'n'sdf b;f}+ k6s jftf{ ePsf] 5, bzf}+ k6s o'4lj/fd ePsf] 5 . o'4lj/fd ;sf/fTds xf] pT;fxaw{s 5 . t/ ljz]if pT;flxt eg] x'g'kb}{g . of] kl/0ffdpGd'v slQsf] x'G5 To;df e/kg]{ s'/f xf] . x'g t o'4lj/fd ge}sg klg jftf{ x'g ;S5 . t/ o'4lj/fdn] /rgfTds lsl;dn] k|f/lDes lbzfdf 7"nf] d2t ub{5 . hxf" dfG5] dfg]{ qmd /f]lsG5, dfgjflwsf/ xgg x'g] sfo{ /f]lsG5, Tolta]nf åGådf b'j} kIf ;sf/fTds x'G5g\ . jftf{nfO{ kl/0ffdd'vL agfpgsf lgldQ o'4lj/fd u/]/ ;'¿ ul/Psf] jftf{ a9L ;kmn x'G5 . t/ clxn] jftf{nfO{ a'em\g] sf]lz; ul/Psf] 5}g . o;sf] /fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o cWoog ljgf o;nfO{ ;/n ¿kn] x]g'{ x'"b}g . jftf{sf] kl/0ffd cfpg'k5{ eGg] s'/fdf b'j} kIf ljZj;gLo x'g'k5{ . x/]s jftf{nfO{ z+sfsf ¿kdf cufl8 a9fpg] xf] eg] ;d:of l;h{gf e}xfN5 . To;}n] clxn] k"jf{Eof; w]/} af"sL 5g\ . kIfx¿ k"jf{Eof;df h'6\g'k5{ / cfGtl/s cEof; klg ug'{k5{ . cfGtl/s cEof;df cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] s'/f, ;dofjlwsf] s'/f, cg'udgsf s'/f cfp"5g\ eg] k"jf{Eof;df o;df ;+nUg x'g] lgsfo JolQmx¿;"usf] 5nkmn / ;Djfb kb{5g\ . ;/sf/n] klg /fhgLlts bnx¿;"u ;Djfb a9fpg'k5{ . o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ff x'"bf;Dd eGg g;lsPsf s'/fx¿ klg kf/bzL{ agfpg'k5{ . jftf{sf] qmddf Pp6f ljGb'df gk'u'~h]n ePsf s'/fx¿ v'nf ug'{ x'Gg . /fHon] h'g v'nf gu/L sfd u¥of] Tof] sfd ;sf/fTds 5 . ca eg] v'nf ug'{k5{ . /fHon] s] s] u¥of], s'g s'g s'/fdf ;xdlt u¥of] / o'4lj/fd eof]– Tof] /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ eGg'k5{, gful/s ;dfhnfO{ eGg'k5{ . kf/bzL{ lx;fan] clxn];Dd ePsf s'/fnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug'{k5{ . To;kl5 Ph]08fdf hfg' cl3 km]/L s]xL uf]Ko sfdx¿ 5nkmn ug]{ sfdx¿ /fHon] ug'{k5{ . ;a} s'/f v'nf ub}{ uof] eg] klg jftf{ c;kmn x'G5 . k'/fgf] jftf{sf] h:t} k|rf/afhL ub}{ jftf{ ug]{ xf] eg] clxn] klg jftf{ c;kmn x'G5 . To;}n] casf] jftf{sf] qmddf o:tf s'/fdf Wofg lbg'k5{ . b'a} kIfaf6 jftf{nfO{ k|efljt ug]{ vfnsf sfo{qmdx¿ /f]Sg'k5{ . To;nfO{ cfrf/ ;+lxtfdf n]Vg'k5{ / ;+nUg kIfnfO{ pk]Iff ug'{x'"b}g . o;f] u¥of] eg] dfq} clxn]sf] o'4lj/fd kl/0ffddf hfg ;S5 .

jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ d'n'ssf 7"nf /fhgLlts bnx¿n] :jLsf/ u/]sf 5}gg\ . clxn] ;+ljwfgn] lbPsf] ;+;b\ / :yfgLo lgsfo b'j} cl:tTjdf 5}gg\ . o:tf] a]nfdf ;fj{ef}d hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ t bnx¿ g} xf] . To;sf/0f ;+;b\ geP klg lxhf]sf] ;+;b\df k|ltlglwTj ug]{ bn eg]sf] ;fj{ef}d x'g\ . lj3l6t ;+;b\df g]kfnL sf+u|]; / g]skf Pdfn] k|d'v bnsf] ¿kdf 5g\ . oL bnx¿nfO{ pk]Iff u/]/ logsf] ;xdlt ljgf jftf{sf] kl/0ffd cfpg ufx|f] 5 . cfOxfn] klg To;nfO{ nfu" ug{ ufx|f] x'G5 . oL bnx¿ ;f] lg0f{odf c;+nUg e}lbP eg] s] x'G5 < lxhf] g]skf dfcf]jfbL /fHo;"u c;+nUg x'"bf o:tf] l:ylt cfof] eg] c¿ 7"nf kf6L{x¿ c;+nUg x'"bf k|:tfljt uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng s;/L ;Dej x'g] < ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ s;/L u7g x'g] < o;df dflg;nfO{ cfZro{ nfu]sf] 5 . logLx¿sf] cefjdf of] jftf{ :j:Yo ¿kdf cufl8 a9\g ;Sb}g . w]/} k|of;n] ag]sf] jftfj/0fdf dGqL gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] jftf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg ;kmn x'g'ePsf] 5 t/ ;a}yf]s kfP", c¿nfO{ :jLsf/ u/]gg\ eg]/ eGg' ckl/kSjtf xf] . of] jftf{sf] df]8ndf q'l6 xf] . k|f/lDes l:yltdf g} o;/L c¿sf] e'ldsfnfO{ c:jLsf/ ul/G5 eg] logn] ef]ln /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ klg c:jLsf/ ug{ ;S5g\ . t/, To:tf] eof] eg] b'ef{Uo x'G5 . To;f] eof] eg] jftf{sf] df]8n ghfg]sf] 7x5{ . o'4lj/fd ug'{ dfq} 7"nf] s'/f xf]Og . 7"nf] s'/f t jftf{sf] df]8ndf k|j]z u/fp"b}, k4ltdf b'j} kIfnfO{ nUb} kl/0ffddf Nofpg' xf] .

k|:t'ltM afa'/fd cof{n

;'/IffsdL{sf nflu tgfjd'Qm sfo{qmd NofOg]

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

dfcf]jfbL hgo'4sf qmddf 3fOt] ePsf, ckx/0faf6 d'Qm ePsf, o'4sf qmddf dfcf]jfbLtkm{ 7"nf] Iflt k'¥ofP/ dfcf]jfbLx¿af6 nlIft ePsf xhf/f}+ ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] cfkm\gf dgdf pTkGg ePsf qf;bLk"0f{ tgfjnfO{ s]xL xb;Dd sd u¿g\ eGgfsf vflt/ ;'/Iff lgsfox¿n] tgfj x6fpg] ljz]if sfo{qmd Nofpg] tof/L ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . nfdf] Oltxf; af]s]sf] k|x/L ;+u7gdf clxn];Dd tgfjd'Qm x'g]vfnsf] tflnd gx'"bf ;+u7gsf w]/} k|x/Lx¿n] cfkm\gf] dfgl;s, zf/Ll/s, af}l4s / cfly{s ;a} lsl;dsf] ;Gt'ng u'dfpg k'Ug' k/]sf] ts{ k|x/L pRr ;"qsf] 5 .

;"qn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ dfcf]jfbL o'4 k5fl8 k|x/L k]zf Hofb} tfgfjk"0f{ aGb} uPsf] 5 . h;sf sf/0f sl/a % b]lv & xhf/sf] ;d"xdf ;'/IffsdL{x¿ /fhLgfdf lbg] t/v/df 5g\ t/ ltgLx¿sf] /fhLgfdf :jLs[t gug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] 5 . hgtfsf] hLpwgsf] ;'/Iffy{ vl6Psf k|x/Lx¿ lbg k|ltlbg cfkm+} tgfjdf km:gfn] ;+u7gx¿n] ;f]r] cg';f/sf] pknlAw xfl;n ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . To;}n] k|x/L g]t[Tjn] ;+u7gdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿sf] juL{s/0f u/L tgfj 36fpg] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ ;f]r k|x/L pRr clws[tx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . k|x/L ;"qsf cg';f/ clxn] k|x/L kmf];{df k|x/LnfO{ tgfjaf6 d'Qm /fVgsf nflu hgzlQmnfO{ tLg lsl;ddf juL{s/0f u/L ;'xfp"bf] lsl;dsf] tflnd lbg] tof/L ePsf] 5 . o; cg'¿k k|x/LnfO{ ;fdfGo k|x/L / 3fOt] tyf tgfju|:t k|x/L u/L ;d]l6g] ePsf] 5 . o;/L juL{s/0f u/L tgfj 36fpg] vfnsf] sfo{qmd tyf tflnd lbgsf nflu ;+u7gnfO{ o;eGbf cufl8b]lv g} ljb]zLzlQm s]Gb| nufot ;+u7gleqs} pRr clws[tx¿sf] ;ldltn] lbPsf] ;'emfj cg'¿k g} ;+u7gn] tgfj 36fpg] vfnsf] ljz]if sfo{qmd ;'¿ ug{ nfu]sf] bfjL ;"qsf] 5 .

;fdfGo k|x/Lx¿sf] juL{s/0fdf xfnsf] l:yltdf klg dfcf]jfbL k|efljt lhNnfdf ljleGg sf/0fn] gvl6Psf To:tf k|sf/sf k|x/L o;k|sf/sf] juL{s/0fdf kg]{ ePsf 5g\ . oL k|x/Lx¿ klg tgfjk"0f{ cj:yfaf6 d'Qm eg] b]lvb+}gg\ . ;"qsf] bfjL 5, hgzlQmsf] cefjn] logLx¿df sfdsf] ef/, sfddf dflyNnf] lgsfoaf6 x'g] x:tIf]k lbPsf] lhDd]jf/L ;dodf k"/f ug{ g;Sg', 5f]6f] ;dodf g} cg';Gwfg stf{sf] cGt} ;¿jf x'g', sfof{noaf6 g} gsf/fTds ;f]rfO cfpg', OdfGbfl/tfk|lt Ps csf{df z+sf pkz+sf ug'{, sfdsf] ef/af6 d'Qm ePsf] cj:yfdf ;d]t labf, cf/fdsf] Joj:yf glbg', kbf]Gglt / k'/:sf/sf] kl/aGbaf6 jl~rt ug'{ h:tf sfo{n] w]/} k|x/Lx¿df tgfj pTkGg x'ghfg] ts{ ;|f]tsf] 5 . h;sf sf/0fn] k|x/Lx¿df 6fpsf] b'Vg], 5flt b'Vg], k]6df slAhot x'g], k|];/ a9\g], PsfGtk|]dL / z+sfn' x'g] h:tf c:jefljs u'0fx¿ b]vfkg]{ u/]sf] ;"qsf] 5 .

To:t} lgGb|f gnfUg], lgb|f nfu] klg tl;{P/ p7\g], ;fgf ;d:ofnfO{ 7"nf ;d:ofsf ¿kdf lng], lbPsf] sfd e'Ng], ;se/ sfdaf6 x6\g] jf kG5g] afgLsf] ljsf; x'gyfN5 . pQm ;'emfjdf oL ;'emfjx¿ ;d]t gf]6 ul/Psf] ts{ tL ;'/IffsdL{sf] 5 . To:t} k|x/L ;]jfdf nfdf] ;do tgfju|:t lhNnfdf a;]sf t/ d'7e]8df s'g} zf/Ll/s vt/f jf Iflt gk'u]sf k|x/Lx¿ ljleGg dfgl;s tgfjdf /xg] u/]sf] bfjL ;'/Iff ;"qx¿sf] 5 . o:tf k|x/Lx¿nfO{ ;fdfGo pkrf/ u/fPdf e/kbf]{ ;]jf lng ;lsg] ;f]rdf k|x/L ;+u7g g} ljZj:t 5 . o:tf k|x/Lx¿sf] 5gf]6 u/L dgf]j}1flgs tyf ;do;fk]If pkrf/ x'g cfjZos 5 . h; cg'¿k o; ju{df lgDg cg';f/sf k|x/Lx¿ /fVg] kl/aGb ldnfpg yflnPsf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbL;"u d'7e]8df k/L aRg ;kmn ePsf, dfcf]jfbLaf6 d'Qm ePsf, ckx/0fdf kl/ 5f]l8Psf, :yfgfGt/ x'g af"sL / y|]8 ePsf, d'7e]8df /fd|f] sfd u/]sf t/ k|f]T;flxt x'g af"sL, sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 d2tsf] sdLn] ladf/L x'g], labfdf klg tgfju|:t / kfl/jfl/s ;d:of ePsf, d'7e]8df dfcf]jfbLtkm{ Iflt k'¥ofPsf t/ v'Nnf ¿kdf aflx/ cfpg grfxg] k|x/Lx¿nfO{ of] juL{s/0fdf /flvPsf] 5 .

To:t} 3fOt] / tgfju|:t k|x/Lsf] ;d"xdf d'7e]8sf] ;dodf 3fOt], ckfË tyf czQm ePsf k|x/Lx¿nfO{ /flvg] ePsf] 5 . 3fOt] k|x/L PsfPs Pp6f ;fdfGo k|x/Laf6 ckfË tyf czQm cj:yfdf k'Ug k/]sf sf/0f Hofb} g} tgfju|:t cj:yf x'g] ePsf]n] o; ju{df /fVg nfluPsf] 5 .

k|x/L ;+u7gn] k/]sf k|x/Lx¿nfO{ s;/L k'gM ;lqmo cj:yfdf Nofpg ;lsg] sfo{df af/Daf/ ;f]r ljrf/ u/] klg clxn];Dd cfly{s ;|f]tsf ;fy} hgzlQm s} cefjn] pQm sfo{ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . t/, k|x/L ;+u7g s} pRr clwsf/Lx¿af6 tgfj x6fpg] pkfosf ljifodf Ps l/kf]6{ k|x/L k|wfg sfof{nodf k]z u/]kl5 k|x/Lx¿sf nflu tgfj d'Qm kfg]{ vfnsf s]xL ;'wf/fTds sfo{qmdx¿ ;+u7gleq cfpg] ePsf 5g\ .

o;/L k]z ePsf] l/kf]6{df tgfju|:t sd{rf/Lx¿sf nflu ;ftj6f sfo{ tTsfn ug}{kg]{ b]vfOPsf] s'/f k|x/L pRr ;"qn] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfof] . h;df tgfju|:t k|x/Lx¿ dfgl;s ¿kdf clt g} sdhf]/ x'gfn] ;dodf pkrf/ u/fpg'kg]{, tgfju|:t k|x/L sd{rf/Lx¿ dfbs kbfy{sf] a9L ;]jg u/L kL8f e'Ng] af6f]df nfUgfn] emg\ k|x/Ldf tgfj pTkGg x'g] u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePsf]n] o;nfO{ Go"g ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

To:t} d'7e]8df k/]sf sd{rf/Lx¿df k'gM xf};nf j[l4 ug{nfO{ :yfg kl/jt{gsf] cfjZostf kg]{, lhNnf, c~rn / If]qsf] ;fy} sf7df8f}+df pkrf/sf nflu NofPsf k|x/LnfO{ e]6\g], xf};nf a9fpg] / pgLx¿sf] axfb'/Lsf] k|z+;f ug]{, 3fOt]nfO{ 3fOt] cj:yfdf klg cj:yf x]/L r'k nfUg glbg] . 3fOt]sf] kl/jf/ tyf 3fOt]nfO{ k/]sf] ;d:of tyf sdL sdhf]/L af/]df ;f]wk'5 u/L pknAw x'g;Sg] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg'kg]{, dfcf]jfbL clt k|efljt lhNnfaf6 sd k|efljt / hg3gTj sd ePsf] lhNnf tyf If]qdf :yfgfGt/0f u/L qmdzM k|x/Lx¿nfO{ lhDd]jf/L yk ub}{ n}hfg'kg{] ;'emfjdfly k|x/L ;+u7gsf] dflyNnf] lgsfodf 5nkmn eO;s]sf] / ca l5§} ah]6sf] Joj:yf u/L sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{tkm{ ;+u7g cufl8 a9\g] ;|f]tn] atfof] .

pQm pRr ;ldltsf] ;'emfjdf k|To]s lbg k|x/Lx¿nfO{ s'g} g s'g} sfo{df nufpg'kg]{, zf/Ll/s Jofofd, v]n, dgf]/~hgfTds ;fdfu|Lsf] Joj:yf ul/lbg] . km';{tsf] a]nfdf cgfjZos s'/f ;f]Rgaf6 jl~rt ug{sf nflu /]l8of] 6]lnlehgsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg'kg]{ . dgf]/~hgfTds lsl;dsf ;fdfu|L x]g]{ / v]Ng] kl/aGb ldnfpg] / PsfGt 7fp"df a:g glbO{, ;dosf] af"8kmf"8 u/L aLraLrdf cf/fd u/fpg], wfld{s, ;f+u7lgs sfo{df gof" gof" s'/fsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg] / cft+ssf/Lx¿k|lt ljt[i0ff km}nfpg] vfnsf sfo{qmd lbg] ePsf] 5 .

t/ tgfj 36fpgsf nflu /Iff dGqfnon] ;d]t ljz]if sfo{qmd Nofpgsf nflu ;/sf/;"u yk /sd dfu u/L ;s]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn k|x/Ln] eg] yk /sdsf] dfu xfn;Dd u/]sf] 5}g .

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