sf7df08f}+, h]i7 !* @)^)

:yflgo ;dfrf/

cGt'df u|fdL0f ;+u|xfno

vu/fh l3ld/]

laxfg Toxf“ ;'g;fg lyof] . ( aHg nfu]kl5 ufp“n]x¿ xftdf k'/fgf j:t'x¿ lnP/ >L cGt'–@ sf sfzLgfy l3ld/]sf] 3/df hDdf x'g yfn] . Ps kl5 csf]{ ub}{ hDdf ePsf ufp“n]x¿n] l3ld/]s} 3/sf] l;s'jfnfO{ af/a]/ u/] / !) gaHb} Pp6f ;+u|xfno tof/ kf/]] k'/fgf j:t'x¿sf] . Onfd dxf]T;j;“u} cGt' dxf]T;jsf] cj;/df ut j}zfv ! ut]af6 ;'? ePsf] k'/fgf j:t'x¿sf] ;+sngnfO{ ufp“n]x¿n] …cGt' P]ltxfl;s u|fdL0f ;+u|xfnoÚ egL Gjf/g;d]t u/]sf 5g\ . Onfdsf] >LcGt' jf8 g+= @ df :yflkt u|fdL0f ;+u|xfno clxn] Onfd lhNnfsf] yk cfsif{0f ag]sf] 5 . ;+u|xfnodf u|fdL0f hghLjg emNsfpg] / ;dfhaf6 x/fO;s]sf j:t'x¿ /flvPsf 5g\ . oxf“ b'O{ ;o ;q jif{ k'/fgf] wfld{s k':ts, b'O{ ;o jif{ k'/fgf] ;:kg -s's/_, ztflAbcf}"cl3 a]nfotdf ag]sf k'/fgf] lsTnL, sf7sf] rng gePsf] cj:yfdf sk8f /fVg] ul/Psf] 8]nL /flvPsf] 5 . o:t}, Pp6} sf7af6 ag]sf] snfTds e}";L b'x'g] …ufef]Ú tyf %) jif{cl3;Dd k"jL{ g]kfndf dfq k|rngdf /x]sf] ljgf 9s jhg ug{ ;lsg] ln8] kNnf ;+u|xfnodf /flvPsf] 5 . @)) jif{ k'/fgf] ;:kg s's/ >LcGt'–# lgjf;L df]xgnfn lu/Lsf rf/ k':t] lhHo"afh] an' lu/Ln] bflh{lnªaf6 ef/tdf lal6«; zf;g x"'bf NofPsf] eGg] egfO kfOG5 . o:t}, ;+u|xfnodf /flvPsf] tLgd'v] aQL ;dfna'ª lgjf;L s[i0f tfdfªsf] 3/df km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . tLglt/ d'v ePsf] of] aQL nfdfx¿n] cfkm\gf] lkt[ sfh]{ / k"hfdf dfq k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf] hfgsf/L tfdfªn] lbPsf 5g\ . of] aQL;d]t @)) jif{eGbf cl3sf] ePsf] hfgsf/L tfdfªn] lbPsf 5g\ . ;'uf}nL ;lGw x'g'eGbf k"j{ lj=;+= !*$# df n]lvPsf] wfld{s k':ts ljjfx sfo{;“u ;alGwt /x]sf] 5 . of] k':ts >LcGt'–# sf l8NnL/fd vltj8fsf lhHo"afh] ;f]dgfyn] ljjfx sfo{df k9\g] u/]sf lyP . ækl5 of]eGbf ;lhnf] k':ts cfPsfn] of] yGSofP/ /flvPsf] lyof] . clxn] x]bf{ t of] lgs}] dxTjk"0f{ /x]5Æ– kl08t l8NnL/fd vltj8fn] eg] . pQm k':ts bflh{lnª–sflnªkf]ªl:yt Ps JolQmn] xftn] ;+:s[t efiffdf n]lvPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . kmnfd, cfNd'lgod tyf lkQnsf] k|rng x'g'eGbf cl3 ls;fgx¿n] k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf sf7sf snfTds 8f8", h?, ;+u|xfnosf yk cfsif{0f ag]sf 5g\ . o:t} ^) jif{ k'/fgf] 9'Ëfdf s'lbPsf] zLnfkq >LcGt'–@ lgjf;L j]bk|;fb l3ld/]sf] 3/df km]nf k/]sf] lyof] .

;+u|xfnodf /flvPsf cGo j:t'x¿df k/Dk/fut t]n k]Ng] sf]n, t]n /fVg] sf7sf] rf}"7f], xjg ug]{ ;'/f], bxL hdfpg] xk]{, ljjfxdf k|of]u ul/g] bxL 7]sL, 3'd, k"hfsf ;fdfu|L, uf}/L ufO{sf] 306L tyf !%) jif{ k'/fgf] rDd/ /x]sf] 5 . @))% ;fnsf] uf]/vfkq tyf 3f]8fsf] hLg /x]sf 5g\ . @))% ;fnsf] uf]/vfkqdf ;Dk"0f{ s[lif hGo j:t'x¿sf] b/ efp ePsf] sf/0f o;sf] ufp“3/df 7"nf] dxTj ePsf] s'/f &% jif]{ 6+sgfy 9sfnn] atfP . OnfdnfO{ ;d'Ggt agfpg] !! …cÚ dWo]sf] cn}"rL l6Kg] cf}hf/ ;d]t oxf“ x]g{ kfOG5 . Onfdsf] % …cÚ cfn', clDd|;f], cf]ng, cn}"rL / cb'jfdf ^ …cÚ ylkP/ !! …cÚ k'u]sf] 5 . h;df cGt'8f“8f, cltly ;Tsf/, cg's"n xfjfkfgL, cls{8 km"n, crDdsf] sL/f / cyf]{8S; lrof ylkP/ !! …cÚ k'u]sf] hfgsf/L >LcGt' uflj;sf lgjt{dfg pkfWoIf Ps/fh l3ld/]n] lbPsf 5g\ . cGt'8f“8f / cls{8 km"n oxf“ dfq kfOg] ePsfn] o; 7fp“sf] yk dxTj ePsf] egfO l3ld/]sf] /x]sf] 5 . To:t} ;+u|xfnodf tfg a'Gg] rvf{, !%) jif{ k'/fgf] lkQn] nf]xf]6f, a}7s] a6'sf cflb x]g{ nfos j:t'x¿df kb{5g\ . ;+u|xfnodf /flvPsf sltko j:t'x¿ clt k'/fgf ePsfn] s;n], sxf“af6 Nofof] eGg] s'/f 5'§fp“g} ufx|f] ePsf] 5 . oL j:t'x¿ s;/L ufp“3/df cfP eGg] s'/f cfkm"x¿nfO{ k"0f{ hfgsf/L gePsf] egfO >LcGt'–@ sf sfzLgfy l3ld/]sf] 5 . oxf“ o:tf ^$ lsl;dsf j:t'x¿ ;hfOP/ /flvPsf] 5 . ænf]k eP/ hfg nfu]sf / u|fdL0f hghLjg ‰mlNsg] k'/fgf j:t'x¿sf] ;+/If0f g} xfd|f] bfOTj xf] .Æ >LcGt'–@ sf ^% jifL{o sfzLgfy l3ld/]n] eg] . k'/fgf j:t'x¿ x]g]{ dflg;x¿sf] eL8 b]v]/ pT;flxt x'"b} cGt' ko{6g ljsf; s]Gb|sf ;lrj wgs'df/ cfn]n] eg]– æg]kfn PsLs/0fsf] ;dob]lvsf ljleGg j:t'x¿ xfd|f ufp“–3/df 5l/P/ /x]sf] kfOof]]], o;nfO{ xfdL yk Aojl:yt u/L ug]{5f} .Æ >L cfn]sf cg';f/ o; dxf]T;jdf dfq sl/a tLg xhf/ ko{6sx¿n] ;+u|xfnosf] cjnf]sg u/]sf lyP . o; u|fdL0f ;+u|xfnonfO{ cfufdL c;f]h dlxgfb]lv 5'§} 3/ agfP/ Jojl:yt 9+un] /flvg] hfgsf/L cGt' ko{6g ljsf;n] lbPsf] 5 . Oltxf;ljb\ tyf Onfd SofDk;sf ;xk|fWofks h'4 j}Bsf cg';f/ >LcGt' tyf ;dfna'ª Pp6f P]ltxfl;s If]q xf] . g]kfn PsLs/0ftfsf uf]vf{nL kmf}hx¿ Toxf“ uP/ a;]sf lyP, To;tfsf pgLx¿n] 5f8]sf xltof/ tyf k'/fgf j:t'x¿ o; If]qdf k|z:t e]l6G5g\ . h;nfO{ Ps}7f“pdf hDdf ug{;s] oxf“ lgs} dxTjk"0f{ ;+u|xfno agfpg ;lsG5 . j}Bsf cg';f/ >LcGt'sf hutaxfb'/ n]Krf / OGb|hLt k'nfdLsf] 3/df uf]vf{nL kmf}hn] g]kfn PsLs/0ftfsf k|of]u u/]sf v'"8f -t/jf/_ e]l6Psf] 5 . t/ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] n}hfG5g\ eGg] 8/n] pgLx¿n] b]vfpg dflg/x]sf 5}gg\– j}Bn] eg] .

j[xQ/ hgsk'/ ljsf;sf] $) nfv /sd lk|mh

sdn ;fx

hgsk'/wfd . hgsk'/ If]qsf] wfld{s, ;f+:s[lt Pj+ P]ltxfl;s :ynx¿sf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g ug{ :yflkt j[xQ/ hgsk'/ ljsf; If]qdf ljjfb pTkGg x'"bf $) nfv /sd lk|mh x'g k'u]sf] 5 .

o;n] ubf{ ;+/If0fsf] kvf{Odf /x]sf wfld{s w/f]x/x¿ dd{t–;Def/ x'g gkfpg] ePsf 5g\ . k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgfkZrft\ >L % sf] ;/sf/n] kz'klt / n'lDagL ljsf; sf]if h:t} j[xQ/ hgsk'/ ljsf; If]q :yfkgf u/L ;d'lrt, wfld{s Pj+ ;f+:s[lts ljsf; ug{] ;f]r agfPsf] lyof] . o; ljsf; If]qn] wg'iff / dxf]Q/L lhNnfdf /x]sf] wfld{s, P]ltxfl;s Pj+ ;f+:s[lts :ynx¿sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ lhDdf kfPcg'?k jflif{s ^) nfvsf] of]hgf 5'6\ofpg] sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

j[xQ/ hgsk'/ ljsf;sf cWoIf / lg= k|d'vaLr rNb} cfPsf] jfbljjfbsf] v]nn] ;Dk"0f{ sfo{ ;f+:s[lts ko{6g tyf gful/s p88\g dGqfnon] /f]lslbPsf] lyof] . o;/L sd{rf/LnfO{ tna v'jfpg] sfo{ afx]s ;d:t ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{x¿ k"0f{tM /f]lsg uP . ljefun] lgsf;f ePsf] /sd ;d]t grnfpg] cfb]z lbPkl5 gj lgdf{0f / dd{t–;Def/ ;Dk"0f{ sfo{ :ylut x'guPsf 5g\ . j[xQ/ hgsk'/ ljsf;sf] ;Dk"0f{ sfuhftx¿ clxn] clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfgn] cg';Gwfg ul/;s]sf] 5 .

j[xQ/ ljsf;n] o; cfly{s jif{df hfgsL dlGb/sf] 5fgf dd{t ug{df kf“r nfv, bz/y tnfp j/k/ kmnfd] af/ nufpg kf“r nfv, /fddlGb/df 9n lgdf{0fnufotsf sfdx¿ ug{ rfnL; nfv ah]6 5'6\ofPsf] lyof] . Tof] /sd o;jif{ lk|mh x'g] ePsf] 5 . o;af6 ;ldltnfO{ bf]xf]/f] gf]S;fg kg{ uPsf] 5 . Psflt/ cfp“bf] ah]6df ylkg;Sg] l:yt cfof] eg] csf]{lt/ k'/fgf ;f+:s[lts w/f]x/sf] ;dodf dd{t–;+ef/ x'g g;Sbf ltgsf] cfo' 5f]l6g k'u]sf] 5 . wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts Pjd\ Pltxfl;s w/f]x/x¿nfO{ ;+/If0f ug{ ko{6g tyf ;+:s[lt dGqfnon] laafb kfvf nufpgsf] ;§f ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] sfo{ /f]Sg uPsf]df af}l4s hut lrlGtt 5 .

rf]/L, 8s}tL / ckx/0f ug]{ h]ndf

uDeL/f ;xgL

sn}of . dfcf]jfbLsf] gfddf rf]/L, 8s}tL Pjd\ ckx/0f h:tf sfo{df ;DnUg ^ hgf cleo'Qmx¿nfO{ Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no, l;d/fn] a'waf/ jL/u~h sf/fuf/ k'¥ofPsf] 5 . Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no o;k"j{ sfg'gL sf/fafxLsf] nflu lhNnf cbfnt af/f, sn}ofdf tL cleo'QmnfO{ k]; u/]sf] lyof] . b;L;lxt kqmfp k/]sf cleo'QmnfO{ af/f lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ u/L / k'k{Ifsf] nflu sf/fuf/ zfvf sfof{no jL/u~h k'¥ofOPsf] xf] .

8f“sf Pjd\ ckx/0f u/]sf] cleof]udf kqmfp k/L h]n rnfg x'g]x¿df k;f{ lhNnfsf] la?jfu'7L uflj; j8f g+= % sf ;'/]z ;xgL, P]= j8f g+= # sf u0f]z ;xgL, P] j8f g+= ^ sf uf]jw{g vf“ rf}w/L, P]= a:g] /fdzfxL dfemL, x/k'/ uflj; j8f g+= $ a:g] hu?k dx/f / P]= a:g] hf]luGb| ;fx t]nL /x]sf] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no l;d/fn] hgfPsf] 5 .

Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no l;d/f -af/f_ sf k|d'v k|x/L lg/LIfs z/bs'df/ tfdfªsf cg';f/ pgLx¿n] ;fvM :6Ln O= k|fln l;d/f, tyf l;d/f uflj; j8f=g+= * a:g] cf]ds[i0f sfsL{, d]ifaxfb'/ s'"j/, e]ifaxfb'/ v8\sf, 8'dvfgf uflj; j8f g+=$ a:g] z]/axfb'/ 3n], dg nfdf, /d]znfn l;+x nfdf, /fh' k'8f;}gL, rGb|axfb'/ yfkf, hLjgfy ltldlN;gf / gj/fh 9sfnsf] 3/df nfvf}"sf] gub, ;'grf“bL Pjd\ dfn;fdfg n'6]sf] / hLtk'/–#, hLtk'/ ahf/ a:g] /fh]Gb| ;xgLsf] 5f]/f jL/]Gb| ;xgLnfO{ ckx/0f u/]sf lyP .

;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] o'4lj/fdk"j{ dfcf]jfbLsf] 8/n] ;'/IffsdL{x¿sf] u:tL cj?4 ePsf] a]nf dfcf]jfbLsf] gfddf k];]j/ 8f“sfx¿n] z[ª\vnfa4 ?kdf af/f lhNnfsf ljleGg ;x/–ahf/ tyf ufp“ a:tL / cf}Bf]lus Pjd\ Jofkfl/s k|lti7fgx¿df 8s}tL Pjd\ n'6kf6 ug]{ u/]sf lyP . logLx¿ ToxL ;d"xsf] ePsf] atfOG5 .

;nf{xLsf] afn sNof0f ;ldlt hgr]tgfdf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

dn+ujf . afnaflnsfnfO{ lzIff, :jf:Yonofot Go"gtd cfwf/e"t cfjZostfx¿ pknAw u/fP/ eljio ;'lglZrt u/fpgsf nflu lhNnf afn sNof0f ;ldlt ;nf{xLn] ljz]if cleofg yfn]sf] 5 . @)%#, >fj0f @) ut] u7g ePsf] lhNnf afn sNof0f ;ldltn] afn ljsf;sf ljleGg sfo{qmd klg to u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltsf cWoIf clwjQmf >L a]gLaxfb'/ sfsL{n] lbg'ePsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ lhNnfel/sf ;a} ufp“ ljsf; ;ldlt / ljBfnox¿df kl/kq u/L !^ jif{d'lgsf ckfË, cIfd / a]jfl/;] afnaflnsfsf] tYofÍ ;+sng e}/x]sf] 5 . clxn];Dd @@ j6f uf=lj=;= af6 @%@ afnaflnsfsf] gfdfjnL pknAw ePsf] 5 . ;ldlt u7g ePkl5 o;n] afnaflnsfsf] clwsf/ ;+/If0f;DaGwL P]g, @)$* / lgod @)%! sf af/]df hfgsf/L lbnfpg dn+ujf / hgsk'/df ;a}nfO{ clgjfo{ lzIffsf] nflu :s'n k7fpg], afnaflnsfnfO{ kf]lnof] vf]k, 8L=kL=6L= bfb'/f, x]kf6fOl6; h:tf vf]k lng nufpg / kf]if0fsf nflu cf/De ePsf] le6fldg P h:tf sfo{qmddf clgjfo{ ;xefuL u/fpg klg o;n] oy]i6 ;3fp“b} cfPsf] 5 . ckfË, a]jfl/;] -;8s vft]_ afnaflnsf e]l6Pdf ltgsf] ;+/If0fsf] lhDdf o;n] lng] u/]sf] 5 . o;n] cTolws hf]lvdk"0f{ sfddf aGb]h nufpg'kg]{, afn sfdbf/ /fVg gx'g] h:tf ljifodf r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd klg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

e}+;L–Jofkf/Laf6 em08} s/f]8 3"; c;'nL †

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

af/f . k|rlnt P]g–sfg'gljk/Lt k|x/Lx¿sf] /sd c;'Ng yfn]kl5 /fhwfgLnufotsf 7"nf] v;L -/f“uf–e}";L_ sf] kl/sf/sf pkef]Qmfx¿ cfly{s ef/ Joxf]g{ afWo ePsf 5g\ .

7"nf]v;L -/f“uf–e}";L_ sf] k}7f/L ug]{ ?6df kg]{ k|x/L / 6«flkms lj6x¿n] clgoldt ?kdf /sd c;'Nb} cfPsf 5g\ . rfn' cf=j= )%(.)^) sf] >fj0f–r}q;Dd ( dlxgfdf hLtk'/sf /f“uf–e}";L ahf/af6 Ps xhf/ b'O{;o *& 6«s cyf{t\ #* xhf/ 5 ;o @@ yfg /f“uf–e}";Lx¿ sf7df8f}" pkTosftkm{ rnfg ul/Psf] kz' Sjf/]G6fOg r]s kf]i6, kyn}ofn] hgfPsf] 5 .

hLtk'/–sf7df8f}" dfu{df kg]{ !) j6f k|x/L / 6«flkms kf]i6x¿n] tL /f“uf–e}";Lsf] 6«sx¿af6 ( dlxgfdf ?= (^ nfv %@ xhf/ % ;o 3"; /sd c;'nL u/]sf] ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 . dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf] gjnk'/ 3/ eO{ b'O{ bzsb]lv /f“uf–e}";Lsf] vl/b–laqmL ub}{ cfPsf a}s'07 >]i7sf cg';f/ sl/a 8]9 bzsb]lv of] 3";sf] /sd ltg{ afWo ePsf] atfp“5g\ . k|x/Ln] tf]s]adf]lhd /sd glbP ljleGg P]g–sfg'g tyf sf/afxLsf] wDsL lbO{ 306f} 6«s /f]Sg] ePsf]n] ;f] /sd lbg afWo ePsf] atfp“5g\ .

kz'k+IfLhGo Joj;fo ;+3 g]kfnsf cg';f/ af/fsf] hLtk'/df k|To]s ;f]daf/ / z'qmaf/ /f“uf–e}";Lsf] vl/b–laqmL x'G5, / k|To]s ahf/n] sl/a ?= Psnfv %) xhf/ k|x/L / 6«flkmsnfO{ 3"; lbg'kg]{ Jofkf/Lx¿ atfp“5g\ .

3";sf] sf/0f

d'n'sL P]gsf] rf}kfof dxnsf] # g+= / !^ g+= adf]lhd …cl3b]lv rlncfPsf] b]jtfsf] k"hfdf ufO{ afx]s c? :qL hflt rf}kfof anL lbO{ dfg{ x'G5Ú n]lvPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s s'g} :qL hflt rf}kfof s;}n] dfg{ x'"b}g . …ufO{afx]s o;} dxnsf] # g+= alv{nfk :qL hflt rf}kfof dfg]{nfO{ lauf] adf]lhd / ule{0fL df/]sf] /x]5 eg] lauf]sf] bf]Aa/ hl/jfgf ug'{k5{Ú eGg] n]lvPsf] 5 . of] g} 8]9 bzsb]lv k|x/Lsf nflu 7uL vfg] xltof/ ag]sf] 5 . o;afx]s pgLx¿n] ;jf/L P]gljk/Lt cf]e/ nf]8 ePsf] atfP/ Ps bzsb]lv 6«flkmsn] ;f] /sd /fhZj a'emfpg x}g, 3/ vr{sf] ?kdf c;'nL ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .

sfg'gL ;xfotf kl/of]hgf jL/u~hsf k|d'v clwjQmf bfdf]b/ kf}8]nsf cg';f/ d'n'sL P]gsf] rf}kfof dxnsf] # g+= / !^ g+= kz' jwzfnf / df;' hf“r P]g, @)%% åf/f vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 eg] ;jf/L P]gljk/Ltsf ;jf/L ;fwg jf ;jf/L rfnsx¿nfO{ # k6sdf ?= b'O{ ;o;Dd 6«flkms k|x/Ln] hl/jfgf ug{ kfpg] sfg'gL Joj:yf ePsf] clwjQmf kf}8]nn] atfpg' eof] . df;' hf“r P]g, @)%% sf cg';f/ hxf“;'s}af6 klg cfofltt kz'k+IfLsf] Sjf/]G6fOg k/LIf0fkZrft\ leq\ofpg lbOg' kb{5 . /, :j:Yos/ k'li6 ePkl5 dfq} jw u/L df;' k|of]hgsf nflu laqmL–ljt/0f ug{ kfOG5 .

;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] cfb]z ljk/Lt ljleGg lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltx¿n] klg ;]jf z'Nssf] gfddf k|lt 6«s ?= b'O{ xhf/ Ps ;o ;f7L ln"b} cfPsf]df ut jif{ ;8s cfGbf]ng u/L 5'6sf/f kfOPsf] 5 eg] ca ;Dk"0f{ Joj;foLx¿ Psh'6 eP/ k|x/Lsf] c;'nLlj?4 sfg'gL tyf ;fdflhs sf/afxL ul/g] r]tfjgL kz'k+IfLhGo Joj;fo ;+3 g]kfnsf sf]iffWoIf xL/fsfhL zfxLn] lbg'eof] .

sf7df8f}" pkTosfdf b}lgs % ;oj6f /f“uf–e}";L tyf kf8f–kf8Lx¿ df;' k|of]hgsf] nflu vkt x'g] u/]sf] 5, h;df ;f9] kf“r bzsb]lv hLtk'/ ahf/n] ;/fxgLo dfqfdf cfk"lt{ ub}{ cfPsf] tYofª\sn] hgfPsf] 5 eg] k|x/Lsf] 3"; /sd c;'nLsf] ef/ cGttM pkef]Qmfx¿n] g} v]Kg' k/]sf] df;' Joj;foLx¿ atfp“5g\ .

hLtk'/b]lv sf7df8f+};Dd Ps 6«s

/fFuf–e}+;Lsf] 3"; b/

hLtk'/ -af/f_ #))

kyn}of -af/f_ %))

/ftf]df6] -dsjfgk'/_ %))

gjnk'/ -dsjfgk'/_ #))

e/tk'/ -lrtjg_ %))

/fdgu/ -lrtjg_ %))

d'lUnª -wflbª_ !)%)

uh'/L -wflbª_ !)%)

vfgLvf]nf #))

yfgsf]6 -sf7df8f}"_ @%))

hDdf &,%))÷–

au/ jgM ufp“n]nfO{ wg

/]vfs';'d /]UdL

rf/ jif{cl3;Dd …d;fg] rf}/Ú sf] gfdn] lrlgYof] . dfG5] hnfpg] / l;gf] uf8\g] 7fp“ lyof] . glhs}sf a:tLdf c? a]nf w"nf] p8]/ km'Ë b]lvGYof] eg] jiff{df;df af9L k;]/ hUuf–hldg, aflngfnL aufp“Yof], 3/x¿ eTsfp“Yof] . t'n;Lk'/–^, uf]nf}/fl:yt kft'vf]nfsf au/ 5]p5fpsf 8f“8fx¿df clxn] ;'ulGwt 3f“;, vo/, aa'n, OlknOlkn, l;;f+}, asfOgf], cf“ksf la?jf nxnx a9]sf 5g\ . 6f]ns} zf]ef ag]sf] of] 7fp“ d?e"ldt'No e};s]sf] o; If]q clxn] ;'g/L dlxnfsf] gfssf] 6Nsg] km'nL eg] To;} ag]sf] xf]Og, uf]nf}/f / /fO{vlnofg ufp“sf hgtfn] o:tf] agfPsf x'g\ . pgLx¿n] …;/:jtL ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xÚ u7g u/]/ lhNnf jg sfof{no bfªdf btf{ u/fP / e"–;+/If0f sfof{noaf6 la?jf NofP/ /f]k] . æxfd|f] jgdf clxn] ljleGg hftsf cf7 xhf/eGbf a9L la?jf 5g\,Æ ;d"xsf cWoIf /]zdaxfb'/ e08f/L eG5g\, æcf“6] c;Dej s]xL /x]g5 . 9'Ëfdf klg km"n km'nfpg ;ls"bf] /}Ú5 .Æ uf]nf}/f / /fO{vlnofg ufp“sf ! ;o #) 3/w'/Lsf sl/a * ;o pkef]Qmfn] bfp/f–3f“; / v/sf nflu 306f}+ rxfg'{kg]{ cj:yf ca 5}g . æa? ar]sf] ;dodf c? s]xL sfd u/]/ cfo–cfh{g ug{ yflnPsf] 5,Æ pkef]Qmf ;'zLnf sfsL{ atfp“l5g\ .

;/:jtL ;fd'bflos jg pke]fQmf ;d"xn] ! nfv #$ xhf/ ?k}of“sf] nfutdf b'O{ sf7] kSsL ejg agfP/ Pp6f s]f7f ef8fdf lbPsf] 5 . ;d"xsf ;lrj Clif/fh Gof}kfg] eG5g\, æjgleq cf7 xhf/ ?k}of“sf] nfutdf Pp6f s'jf klg agfOPsf] 5 . tLg jif{cl3 ljZj jftfj/0f lbj;sf] pknIodf jg, jftfj/0f / e"–;+/If0f;DaGwL hgr]tgf hufpg] …emnsÚ gfds :dfl/sf k|sfzg ul/of] . clxn] ;fd'bflos jgsf] gfd cg';f/ …;/:jtLÚ sf] d"lt{ :yfkgf ul/"b}5 .Æ

b'O{ jif{cl3;Dd d/]sf dfG5] hnfpg], hgfj/ uf8\g] ul/Psf] t'n;Lk'/–*, a6f]nk'/df kg]{ kft'vf]nfs} csf]{ Pp6f au/df klg o;}u/L x'ls{b"}5– dfofn' ;fd'bflos jg . jiff{t\sf] ;dodf ulh{b}" cfPsf] kft'vf]nfn] 5]p5fpsf ufp“a:tL / pAhgL x'g] v]taf/L :jf7\7} n}hfg] u/]sf] au/ clxn] x/fe/f 5 . a6f]nk'/sf afl;Gbfx¿ jgdf uP/ la?jfsf] uf]8d]n, x]/ljrf/ ul//xG5g\ . au/d} nxnxfPsf] ;/:jtL ;fd'bflos jg b]v]/ ;fd'bflos jg agfPsf] atfp“5g\– pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf cWoIf dx]Gb| rf}w/L . pgL eG5g\– æxfd|}h:tf] 7fp“df Tolt /fd|f] jg eof] eg] xfdLn] klg cf“6 u¥of}+ eg] s] gxf]nf / eGg] nfUof] .Æ csf]{lt/, ;f“w–l;dfgfsf] au/ ldlrPnf / s;}n] a:tL a;fpnf eGg] 8/n] klg ;fd'bflos jg lgdf{0f u/]sf] cWoIf rf}w/Ln] atfP . dfofn' ;fd'bflos jg klg lhNnf jg sfof{nodf btf{ eO;s]sf] 5 . !^ x]S6/ If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] o; jgdf y/Ly/Lsf la?jfx¿ /f]lkPsf 5g\ . a6f]nk'/sf @( 3/w'/L pkef]Qmfx¿ cfa4 dfofn' ;fd'bflos jgjf6 ;a} pkef]QmfnfO{ 3f“; / v/ k'Ug yfn]sf] 5 .

;/:jtL / dfofn' ;fd'bflos jgs} af6f] ;dft]sf] 5– l;h{gf ;fd'bflos jgn] klg . of] rflx" a6f]nk'/sf yf? hfltsf dlxnfx¿n] agfPsf x'g\ . kft'vf]nf / ods] vf]nfsf]aLrdf kg]{ pgLx¿sf] ufp“ / v]taf/LnfO{ x/]s jif{ oL vf]nfdf cfpg] af9Ln] 8'afp“Yof] . sf7, bfp/f, 3f“;kft, df6f] lng tLg–rf/ 306fsf] af6f] hfg'kYof]{ . log} b'Mvn] lk/f]lnPsf dlxnfx¿n] /]l8of]df ;fd'bflos jgsf] s'/f ;'g]/ of] sfd yfn] . l;h{gf ;fd'bflos jg pke]fQmf ;d"x clxn] lhNnf jg sfof{nodf btf{ x'g] k|lqmofdf 5  . ;d"xsL cWoIf zdf{ rf}w/L elG5g\– æbfp/f–3f“;sf] ;d:of t lyof] g} . !#–!$ jif{ klxn] jiff{t\sf] e]nn] cf7–gf} 3/ aufPsf] / x/]s jif{ b'Mv lbg] u/]sf] klg la;]{sf lyPgf}+ .Æ a6f]nk'/sf dfofn' / l;h{gf b'j} jgsf sfdsfh / sfuhkqx¿ a9\g yfn]kl5 pgLx¿n] ldn]/ &% xhf/ ?k}of“sf] vr{df b'O{sf]7] sfof{no ejg klg agfPsf 5g\ .

;/:jtL, dfofn' / l;h{gf ;fd'bflos jgx¿ bfªsf] au/df x'sf{OPsf jgsf s]xL pbfx/0f dfq} x'g\ . k|fs[lts ;fd'bflos jgsf] ;+Vof @ ;o $) ePsf] bfªsf au/ / vfnL jg If]qdf j[If/f]k0f u/]/ lgdf{0f ul/Psf ;fd'bflos jgx¿ !@ j6f 5g\ . lhNnf jg clws[t hLjgs'df/ 7fs'/sf cg';f/ To:tf ;fd'bflos jgn] lhNnfsf] s'n ! nfv (@ xhf/ x]S6/ jg If]qdWo] ! xhf/ @ ;o &@ x]S6/ cf]u6]sf / !* xhf/ % ;o () 3/– kl/jf/nfO{ ;d]6]sf 5g\ . yf]/} jgIf]q / cfDbfgL eP klg oL ;fd'bflos jgx¿n] au/df jg ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkg u/]/ pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ af9L / 8'afgsf] vt/faf6 s]xL ;'/lIft cg'ej u/fpg tyf bfp/f, 3f“;, v/ cflbsf] hf]uf8 ul/lbg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ .

a6f]nk'/, uf]nf}/f / /fO{vlnofg ufp“ glhs k|fs[lts jgx¿ 5}gg\ . rf/–kf“r lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f /x]sf tL jgdf ;xefuL gu/fOPsf] Ovn] klg :yfgLo pkef]Qmfx¿n] log} au/nfO{ ;fd'bflos jgdf kl/0ft u/]sf x'g\ .

d;?d len]hM anDa'

bLks bfxfn

sf7df8f}"sf] dftftLy{l:yt anDa' ufp“sf k|foM k|To]s 3/df laxfg a]n's} Rofpsf] t/sf/L kfSg] u5{ . anDa'sf /fdz/0f >]i7nfO{ Rofps} sfdn] EofO{–gEofO{ 5 . pgn] eg]– æs] ug'{, ahf/;Dd k'¥ofpg', b}lgs kfgL 5s{g', km]l/ gof“ aLp pTkfbg ug]{ l;hg klg ;'? eof], Eofpg} uf¥xf] ePsf] 5 .Æ cflwsfl/s ?kdf 3f]if0ff geP klg …d;?d len]hÚ sf] ?kdf kl/lrt anDa'sf k|foM k|To]s 3/sf s[ifsx¿sf] lbgrof{ /fdz/0fsf] eGbf km/s 5}g . æs] v]taf/L, s] 3/df, sf]7f–rf]6f htf–htf x]¥of] Rofp g} RofpÆ, anDa's} csf{ s[ifs xl/s[i0f >]i7n] eg] .

k/fn, 5\jfnL, ds}sf vf];N6f, pv'sf 5f]qmf h:tf j:t'sf] k|of]uaf6 3/leq} klg pdfg{ ;lsg] / plrt d"Nosf] ;Defjgf af]s]sf] Rofp v]tLtkm{ s[ifsx¿ cfslif{t x'g] qmd a9\bf] 5 . ;lhn} ahf/ kfpg ;lsg], cfkm} vfg klg x'g], km';{bs} a]nfdf klg v]tL ug{ ;lsg] x'"bf cfkm" Rofp v]tL tkm{ cfslif{t ePsf] s[ifs /fdz/0fn] atfP . s[lif k];fdf nfu]sfx¿sf] b}lgs cfDbfgLsf] e/kbf]{ :yfg cf]u6\g ;Sg] x'"bf Rofp v]tL ug{ OR5's s[ifsx¿nfO{ >L % sf] ;/sf/n] tflndnufotsf ;'ljwfx¿ pknAw u/fp“b} cfPsf] 5 .

k|fs[lts tj/n] h+undf dfq pd|g] 9';L Rofp xfnsf lbgx¿df s[lqd tj/n] v]tL ug]{ pGgt / ;/n k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5 . To;}n] klg s[ifsx¿ cfslif{t ePsf] lj1x¿ atfp“5g\ . sGg] Rofp / uf]a|] Rofp pTkfbg ug]{ gof“ k|ljlwx¿sf ljsf; ePsf 5g\ . o:tf Rofpx¿ udL{ / hf8f] df};dsf nflu 5'§f5'§} hftsf kfOG5g\ . sGg] Rofp pTkfbgsf nflu 3/ j/k/ kfOg] k/fn, 5\jfnL, ds}sf vf];]N6f / pv'sf 5f]qmf h:tf j:t'x¿nfO{ cfjZos nDafOdf 6'qm\ofOG5 . To;/L 6'qm\ofOPsf k/fn cflb j:t'nfO{ ;kmf;“u kvfn]/ akmfpg'k5{ . k/fn akmfp“bf df6f]sf] 3\ofDkf]sf] k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 . To;/L akmfOPsf] k/fn cflbnfO{ !@Æx!* cyjf !^x @^Æ ;Dd cfsf/sf Knfli6sx¿df Ps kq k/fn / Ps kq aLp u/]/ /f]Kg'k5{ . o;/L aLp /f]lkPsf] Knfli6sdf KKjfnx¿ kfl/Psf] x'g'k5{ . h;sf] d'v /fd|f];“u af“w]/ # xKtf;Dd cWof/f] sf]7fdf /fVg' k5{ . o;/L aLp /f]lkPsf] tLg xKtfkl5 aLp 9';Ldf kl/0ft x'G5 . To;kl5 Knfli6s sf6]/ 9';LnfO{ O"6dfly Ps–Ps laQfsf] km/sdf /fVbf * lbgkl5 Rofp l6Kgsf] lgldQ pko'Qm x'G5 . t/, To;aLrdf sf]7fsf] tfkqmd @% b]lv #) l8u|L ;]lN;o; x'g'kg]{ Rofp ljz]if1 8f= s]z/L nIdL dfgGw/ atfpg' x'G5 . pxf“sf cg';f/ o;/L klxnf] k6s Rofp l6k]sf] @ b]lv # dlxgf;Dd & b]lv !) lbgsf] km/sdf Rofp l6lk/xg ;lsG5 . o;sf lgldQ Rofp l6k]s} lbgaf6 lbgdf @–# k6s kfgL 5ls{/xg' k5{ .

t'ngfTds ?kdf sGo]eGbf cln km/s nfUg] uf]a|] Rofp pTkfbg k|ljlwsf nflu k/fn h:tf kbfy{x¿af6 pTkflbt sDkf]i6 dndf cfjZos kb{5 . dn tof/ kfbf{ dnnfO{ Ps lkm6sf] 6'qmfdf 6'qm\ofP/ % lkm6sf] juf{sf/ s'Go' nufO{ o'l/of, Pdf]lgod ;Nkm]6, l6«kn ;'k/ km:k]6, s[lif r"g kmdf{lng g'ef/ / 8]6f];fn cfjZos dfqfdf nufot cGo ljlw k"/f u/]kl5 @% lbgleqdf sDkf]i6 dn tof/ x'G5 . c;f/0–;fpgdf tof/ ul/Psf] dndf c;f]hb]lv d+l;/;Dd, k'if / df3df tof/ ul/Psf] sDkf]i6 dndf kmfu'g b]lv j}zfv;Dd Rofp v]tL ug{ ;lsG5 . dn tof/ ePkl5 tLg lkm6sf] rf}8fOdf ^–& OGr prfO;Ddsf] sDkf]i6 dnåf/f 8\ofª tof/ ug'{k5{ . lj1x¿sf cg';f/ sl/a ! 6g dndf @) b]lv #) af]tn;Dd aLp /f]Kg ;lsG5 . sDkf]i6 dnaf6 8\ofª tof/ u/]kl5 8\ofªsf] ;txaf6 tLg lkm6 ulx/f]df aLp /f]lkG5 / aLp /f]lkPsf] tLg ;ftf;Dd 8\ofªnfO{ Knfli6s / sfuhn] 5f]Kg'k5{ . k6s–k6s kfgL klg 5s{g' k5{ . kfgL 5s{bf sfuh dfq} leHg] u/L :k|] ug'{k5{ . o;/L aLp pTkflbt Rofp sGo] Rofp h:t} @, # dlxgf;Dd & b]lv !) lbgsf] km/sdf k'gM l6Kg ;lsG5 .

Rofp ljif]z1 8f= dfgGw/sf cg';f/ !)) s]=hL= k/fnaf6 pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] sGo] Rofpaf6 aLp, OGwgnufotdf vr{ s6fP/ @ xhf/eGbf a9L d'gfkmf ug{ ;lsG5 eg] Ps xhf/ s]=hL= k/fndf pTkflbt uf]a|] Rofpaf6 cGo s]ldsn cflb ;a} vr{ s6fP/ klg cf7 xhf/eGbf a9L gfkmf ug{ ;lsG5 . æ3/leq a;La;L km';{bsf] ;dosf] ;b'kof]u u/]/ j}slNks tyf b¥xf] cfDbfgLsf] ;|f]t ag]sf] x"'bf o;tkm{ s[ifssf] cfsif{0f a9]sf] 5Æ, dfgGw/ eGg'x'G5 .

æ3/d} a;]/ yf]/} nufgL / kl/>ddf cfDbfgL x'g] x'"bf o;nfO{ d}n] k};f kmNg] k|ljlw eg]sf] 5'Æ, s[ifs /fdz/0f >]i7n] atfP . o;/L Rofp pTkfbg If]qdf ljsf; ePsf] pGgt k|ljlwsf sf/0f o;tkm{ s[ifsx¿df a9\b} uPsf] cfsif{0fnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ o;sf] k|aGw ug{ ;/sf/n] plrt sbd rfNg'kg]{ lj1x¿sf] ;'emfj 5 . 3/d} a;La;L jflif{s ?kdf &) xhf/eGbf a9L cfDbfgL ug{ ;kmn ePsf]n] anDa'jf;Lx¿ o;nfO{ sf]7fleq k};f kmNg] k|ljlw dfG5g\ .

k|ljlw n]vdfnf÷k|ljlw ;~rf/ ;d"x

a'4sf] hGdynf] k|b"if0fsf] rk]6fdf

v]]6/fh bfxfn

>L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 a'4 hoGtLsf cj;/df gjlgld{t dfofb]jL dlGb/sf] ;d'b\3f6g u/L ;j{;fw/0fsf nflu v'nf ul/aS;]kl5 n'lDagLdf csf]{ cfsif{0f ylkPsf] 5 . zflGtsf k|tLs uf}td a'4sf] hGd:yfg ljZje/sf a'4dfuL{x¿sf] dfq xf]Og zflGtk|]dL ;a} dflg;x¿sf] uGtJo aGg] ;Defjgf lnP/ plePsf] 5 . t/, o; If]qleq a9\b} uPsf] k|b"if0fn] eg] dfG5]sf] dg lvGg kfb{5 . ;f“Rr}, ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rLdf /x]sf] …n'lDagLÚ g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] nflu dfq geO{ ljZjsf ;Dk"0f{ zflGtlk|o nf]ssf nflu kljq / uf}/j ug]{ ynf] xf] . o;sf] ul/df lr/sfn ko{Gt oyfjt\ /fVg] p2]Zon] klg o; I"]qsf] ;d'lrt ljsf; u/L ljZjsf] nflu …zflGt pBfgÚ ;f]r cg';f/ g} ;g\ !(&* df hfkfgsf k|l;4 jf:t'ljb\ k|f]km];/ s]Ghf] 6f“u]n] n'lDagLsf] u'¿of]hgf tof/ kf/] .

k|f]km];/ 6f“u]n] tof/ kf/]sf] u'¿of]hgfn] !!%) lj3fxf -&&) x]S6/_ If]qkmn cf]u6]sf] 5 . u'¿of]hgf cg';f/ n'lDagL ljsf; If]qsf] nDafO $=* ls=ld= / rf}8fO !=^ ls=ld= /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] cfsf/ cfotfsf/ 5 . /, u'¿of]hgf cg';f/ d'VotofM oxf“sf] ljsf; If]qnfO{ # efudf af“l8Psf] 5 . tL x'g\ M !_ n'lDagLu|fd (Lumbini village) @_ d7dlGb/ If]q (the monastic zone) / #_ kljq pBfg If]q (the sacred garden) pk/f]Qm u'¿of]hgf cg';f/ n'lDagLsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;'¿ u/]/ sltko sfdx¿ ;DkGg e};s]sf klg 5g\ s]xL af“sL b]lvG5g\ . n'lDagL ljsf; If]qdf sl/a %)) x]S6/ -$((=(( x]=_ If]qkmndf lj=;+= @)#@ ;fnb]lv j[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ u/L lj=;+= @)$$ ;fn;Dddf Ps r/0fsf] sfd k"/f ul/of] . nufOPsf j[Ifx¿ kmi6fpg g;s]/ d/]sf 7fp“df aLr–aLrdf k'gM j[Iff/f]]k0f ug]{ sfd klg eof] . oxf“ nufOPsf j[Ifx¿ d'VotofM l;;f}+, l;dn, ;fn, d;nf, sNsL, nx/]kLkn, c;gf, sbd, cf“k, lnrL, s6x/, hfd'g, lgDa', u'nfkm hfd'g, cgf/, t't, aa'n, vo/, sdf{, a]n, l6s, czf]s, ;fpg], hfkml/Gbf, l;l/;, cdnf, OdnL -ltqL_, ;l/kmf, vf]6] ;Nnf;d]tsf hDdf ! ;o !$ hftsf af]6–la¿jfx¿ kb{5g\ .

uf}td a'4sf] hGd:ynnfO{ au}"rf agfpg ;j{k|yd j[Ifx¿ /f]Kg' / x'sf{p“g' g} k|d'v sfd lyof] / ;f] cg';f/ ul/of] klg . t/ s] n'lDagL If]qdf s]Ghf] 6f“u]n] lrGtg u/] h:t} u/L j[Ifx¿af6 k"0f{ xl/ofnL k|bfg ePsf] 5 t < ;f“Rr} oxf“sf] jftfj/0fdf j[Ifx¿ zf]efodfg 5g\ t < cflb k|Zgx¿df ;a}sf] Wofg lvlrPsf] 5 . lgZro klg h'g sNkgf u/]/ n'lDagLdf j[Iff/f]k0f sfo{ ul/of] ;f] sNkgf cem} ;fsf/ ePsf] 5}g . oxf“ nufOPsf jiff}{ k'/fgf l;;f}+sf j[Ifx¿ clxn] klg pxL cj:yfdf 5g\ . lhªlu|Ë k/]sf, sf]xL km:6fpg g;s]sf t sf]xL To;} ;'Sg yfn]sf b]lvG5g\ . j[Iff/f]k0f ubf{ klxn] xfjfkfgL / df6f]sf] cWoog u/]/ To;df ;'xfp“bf] vfnsf] j[Iff/f]k0f ug'{kg]{df ;f] gu/L cGwfw'Gw la¿jf /f]Kg] sfd u/]sf]n] /f]k]sf af]6x¿n] klg oyf]lrt ;+/If0f kfp“g ;s]gg\ . ufp“n]x¿sf] 5f8f k|j[lQ egf}+ of n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifsf] ;'/Iff lgsfosf] sdhf]/Ln] ubf{ nufOPsf j[Ifx¿ st} ufO{a:t'n] vfP/ x's{g lbPgg\ t st} 3f“;Lx¿n] sf6]/ gi6 u/] . st} la¿jfn] kfgL g} gkfP/ ;'s] .

xl/ofnL If]qleq cr]n gLnufO{, :ofn / v/fof] kof{Kt dfqfdf kfOG5g\ . t/ oyf]lrt dfqfdf 3]/fa]/f gx'gfsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ Toxf“ ePsf gLnufO{x¿ j/k/sf] ufp“df k;]/ ufp“n]x¿sf] afnL dgUu] gf]S;fg k'¥ofp“g] ub{5g\ . kmn:j¿k n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifsf] Joj:yfkgk|lt ufp“n]x¿ ¿i6 ePsf b]lvG5g\ . To:t} u/L lx+;f ug{ /f]s nufOPsf] zflGt If]qsf] j/k/ -ljsf; If]q aflx/_ ufO{ lg:s]sf] v08df ufp“n]x¿n] lk6]/ nv]6\g] ub{5g\ eg] :ofn / v/fof] kfP eg] dfg]{ k|of; ub{5g\ . ljsf; If]qsf] j/k/ pko'Qm tj/n] / ;a}lt/ 3]]/fa]/f gx'"bf Toxf“sf hgfj/x¿n] klg ;'/lIft hLjg hLpg kfPsf 5}gg\ .

n'lDagL If]qdf sl/a ! ;o %) k|hfltsf r/fx¿ kfOG5g\ . ;fOa]l/og ;f/;x¿ klg l;hgdf oxf“ cfpg] ub{5g\ . l;Ëf] n'lDagL ljsf; If]qdf w]/} k|sf/sf ;f}Gbo{ af]s]sf r/fx¿ b]Vg kfOG5 . t/, r/fx¿sf] ;+/If0fsf] klg oxf“ cefj v6\lsPsf] 5 .

OG6/g]zgn qm]g kmfp08]zg, o'=P;=P= (International Crane Foundation, U.S.A) / n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifaLr ;f/; ;+/If0fsf nflu ;g\ !(($ df b'O{ kIfLo ;Demf}tf ul/of] . tbg'¿k ;f] ;+:yfn] n'lDagL If]qdf kfOg] ;f/; ;+/If0fsf] nflu kxn ub}{ cfPsf] tYo sf]ifsf] k|zf;gdf ePsf sfuhkqaf6 k'li6 x'G5 . t/, Jojxf/df ;f“Rr} sfd ePsf] eg] kfO"b}g . pQm ;+:yfn] slxn] /fhwfgLsf rf/tf/] xf]6]ndf t slxn] n'lDagL cf;kf;s} 7"nf–7"nf xf]6]nx¿df uf]i7L u/fP/ ;f/; ;+/If0fsf] gfddf 7"nf] wg/fzL vr{ ub{} cfPsf] eP tfklg o;af6 s'g} ;sf/fTds kl/0ffd eg] lg:s]g . ;f/;sf] ;+Vof lxhf]eGbf cfh 36\g] qmddf 5 / ;+:yfsf] sfo{qmdn] cfzf u/]h:tf] pknlAw xfl;n ePg . n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifsf sd{rf/Lsf] egfOdfM æ;f“Rr} ;f/; ;+/If0f ug]{ of]hgf g} xf] eg] o;sf] sfof{no klg n'lDagL If]qd} :yfkgf ul/g'kYof]{ / x/]s lbg o;n] bQlrQ eP/ sfd u/]sf] b]lvg' kb{Yof] . cGoyf of] e"n—e'n}of dfq xf] .Æ n'lDagL If]qsf r/fr'¿ËLx¿sf] nflu rflxg] l;d;f/ If]qsf] cefj, s[ifsx¿n] k|of]u ug]{ ljiffbL tyf rf]/L l;sf/Lsf sf/0f oxf“ ePsf ;f/;nufotsf cGo r/fx¿ klg ;+s6u|:t cj:yfdf k'u]sf 5g\ .

n'lDagL u'¿of]hgfn] lglb{i6 u/]cg';f/ kljq pBfg (sacred garden) / u'DaLo If]q (monastic zone) df uf8L u'8fp“g kfO"b}g . ;fy} To; If]qsf] af6f] -u'¿of]hgf cg';f/_ u|fe]n dfq x"'g]5 . lkr -kSsL_ agfp“g] k|fjwfg klg 5}g . ;f]xL lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd clwsf+z af6f]x¿ u|fe]n ag]sf 5g\ . /, Toxf“ uf8Lx¿ dhfn] u'8\b5g\ . u|fe]n /f]8df u'8]sf rf/kfª\u|] uf8Lx¿n] km\of“Sg] u/]sf w"jf / p8fp“g] w"nf]n] k}bn ofqf ug]{ dflg;x¿nfO{ k|b"if0fn] ;tfp“5 . pBfg If]qleq Psk6s ofqf ubf{ w"nf]sf] xf]nL v]n] ;/x x'G5 . o;n] Ps tM z/L/ ;Dk"0f{ b'u{Gw u/fp“5 eg] bf];|f] Zjf;–k|Zjf; k|lqmofnfO{ c;/ u/L bd, a|f]GsfOl6;nufotsf cg]sf}+ /f]ux¿ klg lgDTofp“5 . aflx/af6 cfPsf ko{6sx¿ o:tf] w"nf] / w"jf“sf] rk]6fdf k/]sf 5g\ / cfkm"n] sNkgf u/]eGbf km/s vfnsf] cg'e"lt lnP/ n'lDagLaf6 kms]{sf 5g\ . t/ o;df s;n] Wofg k'¥ofpg] t <

n'lDagL If]qdf e|d0f ug{ cfpg] ko{6sx¿ w]/}h;f] ef/t eP/ cfpg] ub{5g\ . clwsf+z ko{6sx¿ oxf“ cfP/ af; a:b}gg\ . olt;Dd ls vfgf vfg] cj;/ klg kfp“b}gg\ jf rfxGgg\ . To;}n] l/hj{ uf8Ldf cfPsf ko{6sx¿n] vfgfsf] nflu NofPsf] …nGr ks]6 (lunch pocket) n'lDagL If]qdf a;]/ vfG5g\ . n'lDagLdf cem"};Dd kmf]xf]/ km\of“Sg] ef“8f] (container) sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5}g . t;y{ tL ko{6sx¿n] cfkm"n] vfgf vfPkl5 nGr ks]6 hyfefaL km\of“Sg] ub{5g\ . kmn:j¿k n'lDagLsf] kljq ynf]df htftt} ldg/n jf6/sf af]tn, Knfli6ssf ef“8f, sfuhsf 6'qmf tyf nGr Kofs]6x¿ oqtq km\oflnPsf] kfOG5 . To;}u/L n'lDagL pBfgdf jgef]h ug{ cfpg]x¿sf] eL8n] klg kmf]x/L jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/fp“g yk d2t k'¥ofPsf] 5 . cS;/ ljbfsf] ;dodf 6f9f–6f9fsf dflg;x¿ klg oxf“ jgef]h ug{ cfp“5g\ / hxf“ kfof] ToxL" dgf]/~hg ug]{ ub{5g\ . o;df cem}";Dd s;}n] /f]s 5]s ug{ ;s]]s} 5}gg\ .

udL{ofd -vf;u/L r}qb]lv h]7;Dd_ df jif]{gL 89]nf] nfUg] ub{5 . j[Iff/f]k0f If]qdf clUg lgoGqs /]vfsf] s'g} Joj:yf gul/Psf] x'gfn] 89]nf]n] aNn–aNn /f]k]/ x'sf{pg nfu]sf ¿vx¿ 89fp“5 / gi6 ub{5 . Toltdfq x}g, 89]nf]sf] sf/0fn] klg Toxf“ a:g] h+unL hgfj/ / r/fr'¿ËLx¿ n'lDagLsf] cf>o:yn aflxl/g afWo ePsf 5g\ . t/, o;df s;}sf] Wofg k'u]sf] b]lv"b}g .

n'lDagL pBfgleq cg]s y/Lsf leIf'x¿ 5g\ . Ps y/L ;SsnL leIf' 5g\ / tL ;f“RrL g} a'4sf cg'ofoL x'g\ . t/ s]xL o:tf klg leIf'x¿ 5g\ hf] u]¿ j:q klxl/P/ leIf'sf] ¿k wf/0f u/L leqleq cg]s vfn] g/fd|f ultljlw u/L zflGt pBfg / kljq ynf]df ;f+:s[lts lj;+ult k}bf ub{5g\ . o; If]qsf] ljsf;qmd;“u} of] k|lqmof lelqPsf] 5 / a]nfavtdf u]¿ j:qwf/L gSsnL leIf'n] u/]sf lqmofsnfkx¿ 5fkfdf cfO/x]sf 5g\ . t/ To;sf] lgoGq0fsf nflu e/kbf]{ tyf 7f]; sbd cem};Dd rflnPsf] 5}g  . h;n] ubf{ of] a9\b} uof] / o;n] a'4sf] gfd lasfPsf] 5 .

n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifn] clxn] Joj:yf u/]sf] kfls{ª If]q (parking area) df cJojl:yt 5fk|f, k;n tyf 6x/fx¿ 5g\ . k;nx¿ tyf xf]6nx¿af6 lg:s]sf] kmf]xf]/ kfls{ª If]qsf] j/k/ To;} km\of“Sg] ul/G5 . zfGt pBfgdf /dfp“g tyf 3'Dg hfg] hf] sf]xL dflg; klxn] ToxL kfls{ª If]qdf k|j]z u/L Tof] kmf]xf]/af6 k|efljt x'G5 / n'lDagLk|lt cfkm\gf] wf/0ffdf gs/fTds ;f]r k}bf ug]{ df}sf kfp“5 . Toqf] ljsf; If]qdf clxn];Dd kmf]xf]/ km\of“Sg] Pp6f klg sG6]g/ -ef“8f]_ st} /flvPsf] b]lv"b}g . of] sfo{sf nflu n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifsf] slxn] Wofg k'Ug] xf]nf <

n'lDagL If]q;“u} hf]l8Psf j:tLx¿df clwsf+z d';ndfg ;d'bfox¿sf] afx'Notf ePsf] kfOG5 . r]tgf, clzIff / ul/aLsf sf/0f To; If]qsf afl;Gbfsf] hghLjg ;fx|} Go"g:t/sf] /x]sf] 5 . zf}rfnosf] cefjdf af6f]sf] 5]pdf g} lb;f–lk;fa u/L b'u{Gw km}nfOPsf] 5 . n'lDagL cfpg] sltko ko{6sx¿ kmf]xf]/ / b'u{Gwsf] sf/0fn] ljsif{0f k}bf u/]sf] 5 . k8l/of, dlxnfjf/, t]g'xjf, xgf{dk'/, Psnf, k;f{rf}/fxf, lzjul9"of cflb :ynx¿ n'lDagL pBfgsf cleGg c+ux¿ x'g\ . n'lDagL;“u} hf]l8Psf ahf/ If]qx¿ k8l/of / dlxnfjf/df Jojl:yt 9nsf] k|aGw 5}g . jiff{ofddf kfgLn] lglb{i6 af6f] gkfp“bf kmf]xf]/sf] b'u{Gw emg} km}ng yfNb5 / of] k|lqmofn] cg]s k|sf/sf /f]ux¿ lgDTofp“5 .

ufp“df d'l:ndx¿sf] jfx'Notf ePs} sf/0f j/k/ dl:hbx¿ ag]sf 5g\ / laxfg ;vf/} cNnfxsf] k"hf–cfhfsf nflu d'l:nd wdf{jnDjLx¿n] u/]sf] k|fy{gfsf] cfjfhn] n'lDagL If]qleq zflGtsf] Wofg ug]{x¿sf] Psfu|tfnfO{ e+u ul/lbG5 . o;nfO{ /f]Sg ;Sg] s'g pkfo 5 t < o;df n'lDagLk|lt rf;f] /fVg] ;+3;+:yfn] s'g} pkfo ;f]r]sf 5g\ ls < To:t} a'4sf] zflGte"ldsf] j/k/ lqmlZrog wd{ k|rf/sx¿ klg kfOg yfn]sf 5g\ / oxf“;Dd ls n'lDjgL glhs} rr{sf] lgdf{0f klg e};s]sf] 5 .

a'4sf] hGdynf] n'lDagL ;a} k|sf/sf] k|b"if0fsf] rk]6fdf k/]sf] 5 . h}ljs ljljwtfsf] x|f;, Wjlg k|b"if0f, jfo' k|b"if0f / ;+f:s[lts ljrng ;d]t oxf“ k}bf ePsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] dfq geO{ ljZjs} ;Dkbfsf] ¿kdf dflgPsf] o; ynf]nfO{ oL ;a} k|b"if0faf6 hf]ufp“g' ;a}sf] ;femf st{Jo xf] . t/, o;sf nflu n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifsf tkm{af6 clu|d e"ldsf lgjf{x x'g'kb{5 . n'lDagLsf] rf/}lt/ k"0f{¿kdf bl/nf] 3]/fa]/f nufpg', s8f ;'/Iffsf] k|aGw ug'{, xl/ofnL If]qdf clUg lgoGqs /]vfsf] Joj:yf ug'{, dWod:t/sf xf]6nx¿ lgdf{0f ug'{, u|fe]n /f]8df kfgL 5s]{/ w"nf] gp8\g] agfpg', kmf]xf]/ km\of“Sg] sG6]g/sf] Joj:yf ug'{, j/k/ ufp“df r]tgf a9fp“g] sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ug'{, ko{6sx¿sf nflu Jojl:yt ufO8sf] Joj:yf ug'{, gSsnL leIf'x¿dfly sf/afxL ug]{ lgod agfpg', ;/;kmfOsf] sfo{qmd cleofgsf ¿kdf ;+rfng ug'{, a'4 bz{gsf] k|rf/–k|;f/ ug'{, sfof{nosf] Joj:yfkgdf ;'wf/ ug'{ cflb g} o;sf] ;'wf/sf nflu rfNg'kg]{ sbdx¿ x'g\ .

n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifdf ljut !@ jif{b]lv g]t[Tj txsf] x]/fkm]/Ln] ljsf; sfo{nfO{ cj/f]w k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ljutsf oL jif{x¿df Ifdtfsf] cfwf/dfeGbf g]tfsf] s[kfdf sf]ifsf] af]8{sf] pkfWoIf, ;b:o ;lrj, ;b:ox¿ tyf of]hgf k|aGwssf] ;d]t rog x'g] k/Dk/f rNof] . o;}sf] kl/0ffd :j¿k To:tf JolQmx¿ sfdk|lt eGbf cfkm"nfO{ egf{ ug]{ g]tfk|lt jkmfbf/ ag] . Toxf“ sfo{/t jiff}{ k'/fgf / of]Uo sd{rf/Lx¿ To:tf] Joj:yfkgsf] tn /x]/ sfd ug'{kbf{ ;w}+ lbSbf/Lsf] cj:yfdf 5g\ . /, ;lqmo ¿kdf sfd ug]{ dfgl;stfdf 5}gg\ . To;}n] ljut !@ jif{b]lv sd{rf/Lsf] dfgl;stf lu/]sf] b]lvG5 . kbf]Gglt k|lqmof klg k"0f{ ¿kdf rfs/L / rfKn';Ldf cfwfl/t 5 . k|hftflGqs cEof;df lat]sf !@ jif{n] af]8{sf ;b:onfO{ h;n] v';L t'Nofof] To;s} dfq kbf]Gglt x'g] gq hxf“sf] txL" /xg] k|j[lQsf] ljsf; u/fof] . b]zn] uj{ ug]{ ynf], ko{6g s]Gb|, zflGtsf] tkf]e"ld, cGt/f{li6«o klxrfg cflb af]s]sf] n'lDagL jftfj/0fLo / /fhlglts b'j}vfn] k|b"if0fn] u|l;t 5 . ;f“RrL g} ;/sf/n] n'lDagLnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o pBfg agfpg rfx]sf] xf] eg] s]jn jftfj/0fLo k|b"if0f dfq d'Qm u/]/ k'Ub}g– oxf“ ljBdfg /fhgLlts k|b"if0faf6 klg d'Qm kfg{ ;Sg'kb{5 . clg dfq /fi6«sf] 5lj cGt/f{li6«o :t/df /xg] 5 . cGoyf cGt/f{li6«o zflGt pBfg agfpg] ;kgf ;w}" cw'/f] g} x'g]5 .

jGohGt' ;+/If0fsf] nflu afx|j6f kf]v/L tof/

af/f . jGohGt' k|]dLx¿n] cf/Ifleqsf jGohGt'nfO{ ;d]t x]/rfx ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . xfn}dfq sf7df8f}"sf k|e'zdz]/ ha/fn] cfkm\g} ;|f]t, ;fwg / /fli6«o ljsf; tyf jGohGt' ljefusf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf k;f{ jGohGt' cf/Ifleq afx|j6f kfgL kf]v/L lgdf{0f ul/lbg' ePsf] 5 . af/f, k;f{ / dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf] $ ;o (( ju{ ls=ld= ;dtn h+unL e"–efu cf]u6]sf] k;f{ jGohGt' cf/Ifsf jGohGt'x¿ cf/Ifleq vfg]kfgL gkfP/ ef}tfl/"b} dWojtL{ If]qsf ufp“a:tLx¿df ;d]t cfpg] u/]sf lyP . ;+/lIft cf/If aflx/ cfp“bf jGohGt'nfO{ rf]/L lzsf/Lx¿n] dfg]{ / sAhfdf lng] ub}{ cfPsf lyP . ca lgs'~hleq kfgLsf] aGbf]a:t ePkl5 jGohGt'sf] o:tf] rf]/L lzsf/ /f]lsg] cfzf ;+/If0fljb\x¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .

k"j{ lrkm jf8]{g /fdk|Lt ofbjsf] k|fljlws ;xof]u / ha/fsf] ;fwg ;|f]tdf vlgPsf tL kf]v/Ln] % ld6/b]lv @) ld6/;Dd km/flsnf] / !) lkm6;Dd ulx/f] ePsf] ;f] cf/If sfof{nosf lrkm jf8]{g huGgfy l;+xaf6 yfxf ePsf] 5 . tL kf]v/Lx¿df vf]nfsf] kfgL / jiff{sf] kfgL ;+sng u/]/ /flvg] ePsf] 5 . ha/fn] ut j}zfv !& ut] lgMz'Ns pknAw u/fpg' ePsf] :sfOd|]6/ d]l;g lnP/ >L % dx]Gb| k|s[lt ;+/If0f sf]ifsf] ;fd'bflos ljsf; zfvfsf ;Nnfxsf/ Pjd\ e"=k" lrkm jf8]{g /fdk|Lt ofbjn] laxfg ^ ah]b]lv a]n'sf ^ ah];Dd !^ lbgdf ;f] !@ j6f kf]v/L tof/ kfg'{ ePsf] lyof] . ef8fdf lnPsf] eP b}lgs !@ 306f rNg] ;f] d]l;gsf] ef8f dfq !^ lbgdf ?= rf/ nfv k'Ug] s'/f hLtk'/sf kf]v/L wgL clgn l;+xn] atfpg'eof] .

g]kfnsf] klxnf] lgs'~h zfxL lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] ;Ldfª\sg ug]{ e"k" jf8]{g ofbj eGg'x'G5– æo; k;f{ jGohGt' cf/Ifdf kfgL k|r'/ dfqfdf pknAw eof] eg] lrtjgsf u}"8f;d]t cf]xf]/–bf]xf]/ ug]{ ;Defjgf 5 . jGohGt'sf] ;+/If0fkl5 ko{6g k|j4{g ug{ ;lsG5 . kf]v/L agfpg] qmddf oxf“ af3, lrt'jf, uf}/LufO{, rf}l;+xf, gLnufO{, h/fof] Pjd\ a"b]n / lrQnsf] ;d"x b]lvPsf] lyof] .\

klxnf] kfgf | ;Dkfblso | dgf]/~hg | ljrf/÷laZn]if0f | cg'ej÷cGtjftf{ |