sf7df08f}+, kmfNu'0f !* @)%(

cg'ej cGtjftf{

;+;b\ e¨ eO;s]kl5 bnx¿sf] s] dfGotf 5 / <

;lRrtzdz]/ ha/f , k"j{ k|wfg;]gfklt

-o'4lj/fd u/L jftf{df cfPsf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ h+un hfg glbg] / /fHosf] sfa'df /fVg] pkfo s] 5g\ < ;f"Rr} clxn]sf] o'4lj/fd / jftf{ k|lqmofnfO{ k"j{ ;}lgsn] s;/L x]/]sf 5g\ < ca b]zdf cfGtl/s ljb|f]x x'g glbg] pkfox¿ s] 5g\ t < zflGt jftf{sf] k"j{ ;GWofdf pAh]sf oL k|Zgx¿sf hjfkmsf nflu xfdLn] k"j{ k|wfg;]gfklt ;lRrtzdz]/ hj/f nfO{ pko'Qm ;Dem\of}" . @)!) ;fndf clkm;/ Sof8]6af6 zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] >Lgfy a6flnog cGtu{t k|j]z u/L @)$$ ;fn h]7 ! ut]b]lv @)$* ;fn h]7 ! ut];Dd zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] k|wfg;]gfklt /xg'ePsf &! jifL{o ha/fn] b]zfGt/ k|d'v ;+jfbbftf afa'/fd cof{n ;"u nfdf] jftf{ ug'{eof] . k|:t't 5, jftf{sf d"n c+zx¿— ;+=_

) k"j{ ;]gfkltsf] x}l;otn] jt{dfg o'4lj/fdnfO{ s;/L x]g'{ePsf] 5 <

d'n'sdf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf ;}lgsn] cfkm\g} g]kfnL;"u o'4 ug'{k/]sf], cfkm\g} g]kfnLnfO{ dfg'{k/]sf], sltko 36gfdf t bfh'n] efOnfO{ / efOn] bfh'nfO{ dfg'{k/]sf] 5 . Tof] b]Vbf Pp6f l;kfxLsf] gftfn] ;fx|} b'MvL x'GYof}}+ . t/, l;kfxLx¿ st{Jokfng ug{sf nflu, cfkm" b]zsf nflu, /fhfsf nflu, cfkm\gf] kN6gsf nflu ;dlk{t x'G5g\ . pgLx¿n] s]xL x]g{ kfp"b}"gg\ . st{Jo kfngf ug{ p;n] dg'{–dfg'{kg]{ afWotf lyof] .

clxn] o'4lj/fdsf sf/0f Tof] afWotf x6\g uof] . b]zdf zflGt cfof] . l;kfxLn] t cjZj /fxtsf] Zjf; lnPsf] x'g}k5{ . lsgeg] g]kfnLnfO{ g} dfg'{ Hofb} b'MvbfoL s'/f xf] . Tof] b'Mvb\ kl/l:yltaf6 s'g} klg l;kfxLn] qf0f ldn]sf] cg'ej u/]sf] x'g'k5{ . d}n] klg ToxL cg'ej u/]sf] 5' . t/, Tof] l;kfxLn] dfq} xf]Og, ;Dk"0f{ hgtfn] klg clxn] 7"nf] /fxt k|fKt u/]sf] dx;'; u/]sf 5g\ . ;'/Iff lgsfo ;a} ufp"3/df lyPgg\ . ufp"3/x¿df ;'/Iff lgsfo gePsf]n] dfcf]jfbLx¿ hxf" klg hfGy], rGbf p7fp"by], s'6lk6sf] 36gf x'GYof], sltko 7fp"df dfg]{ sfd klg x'GYof], To;n] hgtf ql;t lyP, slxn] s] x'G5 eg]/ . @$ 306f af"Rg kfpg] ls gkfpg] < cfkm\gf] 3/ n'l6g] xf] ls cfuhgL x'g] xf] ls † To:tf] cj:yfaf6 clxn]sf] o'4lj/fd x'g'nfO{ hgtfn] /fxt kfPsf] cg'ej u/]sf 5g\ .

) cGt/f{li6«o dfGotf cg'¿ksf] ‘ljb|f]xL’sf] dfGotf lbP/ ‘o'4lj/fd’ u/L /fHo g} jftf{df hf"bf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ a9L x}l;ot lbPsf] eG5g\ lg <

clxn] pgLx¿nfO{ s'g} lrh lbO;lsPsf] t 5}g . clxn] o'4lj/fd ug{sf lgldQ Hostilation x¿ aGb x'g'k¥of] . o'4 aGb x'g'k¥of] . zfxL ;]gf clxn] cs}{ If]qdf 5, dfcf]jfbLx¿ clxn] xltof/ lnP/ cfkm\g} :yfgdf 5g\ . sf]xL h+undf 5g\ t sf]xL ufp"3/df klg cfPsf 5g\ . hxf" klg x'g] oxL xf] . klxnf o'4lj/fd g} x'G5 . o'4lj/fdsf nflu s'g} k|lqmof ckgfpg' kb}{g . To;kl5 ca s] ug]{ < eGg] s'/f cfp"5 . dfcf]jfbL ;z:q n8fs'x¿nfO{ s] ug]{ < otf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] aGbL ePsfx¿nfO{ s] ug]{ < ljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f agfpg aGbLx¿ 5'6fpg] sfd klg e}/fv]sf 5g\ . oL lrhx¿ jftf{df x'g] s'/f x'g\ . clxn] b'O{ kIfsf] ;b\efjgfn] xfdL n8\b}gf}+, hgtfnfO{ ql;t agfpb}gf}+ eGg] s'/fx¿ eP / o'4lj/fd eof] . o;sf] nflu s'g} ljz]if k|lqmof x'g'kg]{ h:tf] nfUb}g . s] kl/l:yltn] o'4lj/fd x'G5 < Tof] dfq} cfjZos 5 . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ klg s]xL kl/l:yltn] o'4lj/fdsf nflu k|f]T;flxt u/]sf] x'g'k5{ . >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{ klg kl/l:yltn] k|f]T;flxt u/]sf] x'g'k5{ . kl/l:ylt eGgfn] hLtxf/sf] s'/f eGg] xf]Og . dfcf]jfbLx¿ klg n8\b} lyP . cfqmfds g} lyP, zfxL ;]gf klg alnof] x'"b} u}/x]sf] lyof], >L % sf] ;/sf/df klg g]kfnleq g]kfnd} g]kfnLn] dfg'{k5{ eGg] l:ylt aGb x'g'k¥of] eGg] rfxgf lyof], To;k|lt Jofks bjfj a9\b} uPsf] lyof] / dfcf]jfbLdf klg ToxL ePsf] lyof] . cflv/df dfcf]jfbLn] g]kfnLnfO{ g} dfb}{ uPkl5 cflv/ hgtfn] klg s] ;f]Rg] dfcf]jfbLsf nflu < cyjf zfxL ;]gfnfO{ s] ;f]Rg] hgtfn], slt;Dd g]kfnLnfO{ g} dfg]{ eGg] s'/f pl7/fv]sf] g} lyof] . o:t} a]nfdf crfgs o'4lj/fd ePsf] 5 . of] lgs} /fd|f] sbd xf] . o;nfO{ s'g} k|lqmof k"/f ug'{k5{ h:tf] nfUb}g .

) jftf{df dfcf]jfbLx¿ OdfGbf/ eP/ cfPsf x'g\ ls s'g} cGo lgot 5 <

b]pjfhL k|wfgdGqL x'g'ePsf] a]nfdf klg jftf{ $ dlxgf hlt rn]/ eË eof] . jftf{ ;'¿ ePkl5 …n]gb]gÚ rflxG5, rflxG5 . o'4lj/fdnfO{ :yfoL zflGtsf] ¿kdf hfgsf nflu b'j} kIfaf6 n]gb]g x'G5 / x'g' klg k5{ . Tof] ePg eg] o'4lj/fd eË klg x'g;S5 . s:tf] lsl;dsf] jftf{ x'G5, Tof] jftf{ >L % sf] ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLn] dfq} u/]/ x'g] klg xf]Og . o;sf ljleGg kIfx¿ 5g\ . h;df /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ kb{5g\ . pgLx¿ klg To;df cfpg h¿/L 5 . ;fdflhs ;+u7gx¿, dfgjflwsf/jfbL ;+u7gx¿ 5g\ . oL ;a} kIfx¿ a;]/ jftf{ u/]sf] v08df rflx+ /fd|f] x'G5 .

clxn] dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/af6 k6s–k6s x's'd ePsf] 5, ;a}hgf ldNg' k5{, jftf{ ug'{kb{5, zflGt k|fKt ug'{ kb{5 eg]/ . lj/f6gu/df klg x's'd eof], ut kmfu'g & ut] k|hftGq lbj;sf] pknIodf klg x's'd aS; ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLx¿ zflGt k|lqmofdf cfO/x]sf 5g\, ;sf/fTds b]lvPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ;/sf/;"u jftf{sf] k|lqmof ;'¿ u/]sf klg 5g\ . dfcf]fbLx¿n] klg ljleGg /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿;"u 5nkmn cufl8 a9fO/x]sf 5g\ . o; l:ylt;DdnfO{ x]bf{ dfcf]jfbLx¿;"u s'g} To:tf] z+sf ug{ ;lsg] 7fp" 5}g . a¿ /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ vf; u/L lj3l6t ;+;b\df afx'Notf /fVg] kf6L{x¿ jftf{sf] ;DaGwdf ;sf/fTds ;xof]u lbOg;s]sf] l:yltdf z+sf nfU5 slxn] s;}sf] cGtl/d ;/sf/df cfpg] eGg] s'/f klg ;'lgG5, uf]nd]rdf a:g] eg]/ klg ;'lgG5, oL 7"nf kf6L{x¿ g} slxn] o;sf] lj/f]w ub{5g\ . oL 7"nf kf6L{x¿af6 g} låljwfsf] jftfj/0f ;[lht ePsf] b]lvG5 . olb /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿af6 of] jftf{df ;+nUg geP/ jftf{ kl5 eª\u x'g uof] eg] ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLn] bf]if s;nfO{ lbG5g\ < ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL t ;a} ldn]/ of] jftf{ ;'lNemof];\, jftf{ /fd|f] xf];\ eGg] rfxG5g\, g]kfndf zflGt xf];\ eGg] rfxG5g\ . Totfkl§ xfdLx¿ cufl8 a9\g' kb{5 .

) t/ bnx¿ t cfkm"x¿nfO{ kfvf nufp"b} 5g\ eG5g\ lg †

– kfvf nufpg] sfd eof] eGg ldNb}g . clxn] o'4lj/fd dfq} ePsf] 5 . c¿ s]xL ePsf] 5}g . o'4lj/fd t ljut & jif{b]lv lsg ePg < ;ft jif{ cufl8;Dd pgLx¿s} ;/sf/ lyof], To;avt o'4lj/fd eP/ c¿n] lsg o'4lj/fd ePg eg]/ eg]sf] eP s] x'GYof] t < clxn] To:t} s'/f cfof] . clxn] o'4lj/fd dfq} ePsf] 5 . jftf{ t 6'lËPsf] 5}g . ca o'4lj/fd ubf{ ;efdf efif0f u/]/ ug]{ s'/f xf]Og . b'O{y/Lsf] n8\g] kmf}hn] gn8\g] jftfj/0f agfpgsf nflu t o:t} k|lqmofsf] jftf{ x'G5 . w]/} kf/bzL{ x'G5 eg]/ sfd 5}g, o:t} lsl;dsf] g]uf]l;P;g xg' kb{5 . uf]Ko g]uf]l;P;g g} rflxG5 . o'4lj/fd eO;s]kl5 o;nfO{ s'g ¿kdf n}hfg' k5{ eg]/ aNn ;Nnfx ug{ ;lsG5 .

;a} kIfsf] ;xdltsf nflu >L % sf] ;/sf/, k|wfgdGqLn] af/Daf/ /fhgLlts g]tfx¿nfO{ cfpg'xf];\ 5nkmn u/f}+ eGg'ePsf] 5 . t/ Tof] 5nkmn alxisf/ ug]{ sfd /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . zflGt k|lqmofdf nfu]sf dGqL gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] klg ;a}hgf ldn]/ hfg'kb{5 eg]/ af/Daf/ eg]sf 5g\ . o;f] eGbfeGb} klg cfkm" cfP/ Psarg gaf]n]sf] l:yltdf kfvf nufpg vf]lhof] eg]/ eGg] <

) dfcf]jfbLx¿ cem} u0ftGq 5f]8\of}+ eGb}gg\ . Tof] l:yltdf clxn] cfkm" k|lts"n jftfj/0f /x]sf]n] dfq} jftf{df cfPsf eGg] 5 lg <

of] kl5 g]uf]l;P;gdf yfxf x'g] s'/f xf] . eljiodf s] x'G5 eGg] s'/f a8f ;Dj]bgzLn 5 . olb /fd|f];"u d]nldnfksf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf x'g] xf] eg] dfcf]jfbLn] klg gldNg] s'/fx¿ 5f8\g kb{5 xf]nf . otf -/fHo_ af6 klg lgodsfg'g, dof{bfn] ldNg] s'/f klg 5f8\g' k5{ . Tof] eljiosf] s'/f xf] . ca dfcf]jfbLn] klg clxn] cln nlrnf]kg b]vfPsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 .

) dfcf]jfbLx¿ /fHon] ;}GoLs/0f ub}{ uPsf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\, To;sf] k|efj pgLx¿df :ki6 kg]{ x'gfn] c:yfoL d'lQmsf nflu o'4lj/fd u/]sf t xf]Ogg\ <

g]kfn clw/fHosf] !!÷!@ ;o ls=ld= b"/Lsf] l;dfgf 5 . clwsf+z efu kxf8L 5 . g]kfnsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu jf:tjdf slt ;]gf rflxG5 eGg] n]vfhf]vf x'G5 . Tof] lx;fa lstfa cg';f/ g} l5d]sL /fi6«x¿n] cfkm\gf] z}Go an /fVg] u/]sf 5g\ . !(^@ df rLg;"u o'4 x'g'eGbf cufl8 ef/tdf ;]gfsf] ;+Vof ax't sd lyof] . % nfveGbf klg sd lyof] . crfgs rLgaf6 sf/afxL ePkl5 d'n'ssf] arfpsf nflu :yn ;]gf dfq} b;nfv ge} gx'g] b]lv ;f]xL cfs8fsf] ;]gf /flvof] . a+unfb]zdf ! nfv @% xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf 5 . hals p;sf] If]qkmn xfd|f] eGbf 7"nf] 5}g . >Ln+sfdf ln§]sf] ;+3if{ x'g'eGbf cufl8 g]kfnL ;]gf a/fa/sf] ;+Vofdf lyof] . (, !) xhf/dfq lyof] .

clxn] 8]9nfv ;+Vofdf 5 . clxn] g]kfndf dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ldl>t sf/0faf6 ;[hgf ePsf] xf] . Pp6f ljsf; x'g'kg]{ 7fp"df x'g g;Sg', ljsf; gePkl5 cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] lk5l8Psf dflg;df cfly{s ;+s6 kg{ uof] / a]/f]huf/Lsf] l:ylt ;[hgf x'g uof] . o:tf] cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ltdLx¿nfO{ qf0f k'¥ofp"5f}+, ltdLx¿sf] ;+s6af6 d'lQm lbnfp"5f}+ eg]/ h'g gf/f lbP To;nfO{ pgLx¿n] cfTd;ft u/] .

csf]{, xfd|f] g]kfndf ;}lgssf] ;+Vof nueu %)÷%@ xhf/ dfq} 5 . To;kl5sf lbgx¿df g]kfn k|x/LnfO{ ;'b[9Ls/0f ug]{ k|lqmof rNof] . g]kfn k|x/L )$* ;fnlt/ #) xhf/ hlt dfq} lyof] . kl5 To; ;+VofnfO{ a9fP/ %) xhf/ hlt ul/of] . t/, b'ef{Uojz k|x/L ;+Vof t a9\of] t/ sfd ug{ ;Ifd ePg . To;sf/0f 7"nf] If]qdf ;'/Iff …Eofs'dÚ eof] . ;b/d'sfd hxf" ;]gfx¿ vl6Psf lyP, Tof] 7fp" rflx+ …kmnÚ x'g ;s]g . bfª / c3f{vf"rLdf pgLx¿n] s]xL ;do sAhf u/]kl5 k'gM zfxL ;]gfn] sAhf u/\of] . hxfhxf k|x/L a;]sf lyP, Toxf"Toxf" pgLx¿n] ;kmntf k|fKt u/] . Toxf" s] b]lvof] eg] ;'/Iffdf xfd|f] sdhf]/L 5, ;+Vof k'u]g . kxf8L 7fp"df x]bf{ jNnf] 8f"8faf6 kNnf] 8f"8f glhs} b]lvG5 . t/ Toxf" k'Ug lgs} ;do nfU5, To:tf] d'n'sdf ;'/Iff lgsfosf] ;+Vof a9\g' kb{5 . zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;+Vof Ps nfv aL;, kRrL; xhf/ x'g' kb{5 . Tolt ePdf o:tf 36gf eljiodf k'gM bf]xf]l/g ;Sb}g . zfxL ;]gf o:t} sdhf]/ /lx/xg] xf] eg] clxn] dfcf]jfbLsf] ;d:of cfof], ef]ln csf]{ ;d:of cfp"5 . To; sf/0fn] ;}lgsLs/0f eGg] zAb k|of]u ubf{ clnslt ljrf/ ug'{kb{5 . Pp6f 3/df em\ofn 9f]sf alnof] 5}g eg] jf v'n} 5 eg] rf]/n] 3/ leqsf ;fdfgx¿ lnP/ hfg ;S5 . zfxL ;]gf eg]sf] /fi6«¿kL 3/sf] ;'/Iff ug]{, cfkm\gf] d'n'ssf] ;'/Iff ug]{ sjr xf] . g]kfndf ljb]zL ;]gfsf] cfqmd0f x'"b}g, ePdf klg g]kfnn] s] ug{ ;S5 / < eGg] h'g k|j[lQ xfdLdf /x\of] Tof] k|j[lQn] ubf{ zfxL ;]gfsf] ;zlQms/0f cufl8 a9\g] k|lqmof aGb eof] . Tof] aGb ePsf] glthf xfdLn] clxn] b]Vof}+ . To;sf] kl/0ffd xfdLn] ef]lu/x]sf 5f}+ . To;sf/0fn] cfkm"nfO{ geO{ gx'g] Go"gtd …kmf];{Ú a9fpg', Jojl:yt ug'{nfO{ ;}lgsLs/0f ug'{ elgGg . ;'/Iffsf] klg lzIff, :jf:Yo, ljsf; h:t} cfjZostf 5 .

) pgLx¿ jftf{sf] jftfj/0f agfpg] gfddf g} oL sfd ug{ x'"b}g elg/fv]sf 5g\ lg †

;/sf/n] ug]{ sfd t ug'{k5{ . ;/sf/n] ug]{ sfdnfO{ pgLx¿n] ef"hf] xfNg vf]h] eg] jftf{sf] s'/f t km]l/ cufl8 ga9\g ;S5 . ;/sf/n] yftL /fVg'kg]{ vfnsf s]xL sfdx¿ xf]nfg\ . dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/sf] s'/f ldNof] eg] t g]kfnsf] s'/f cfp"5 . g]kfnsf] nflu cfjZos sfd–sf/jfxL t ug}{ k5{ .

) cl3 klg Psk6s jftf{ eP/ c;kmn eO;s]sf] 5 . ca /fHon] s] s'/fnfO{ ;RofPdf pgLx¿ k'gM h+un hfg afWo x"'b}gg\ <

;a}eGbf d'Vo s'/f t xfdLx¿sf] kIf eGgfn] jftf{ ug{ hfg] kIf dha't x'g'k5{ . vfnL >L % sf] ;/sf/n] / PSn} jftf{df hfg' x'"b}g, ;Dk"0f{ gful/s ;dfh klg o;df ;xefuL x'g'kb{5, /fhgLlts bnx¿ klg ;+nUg x'g'kb{5, To;f] ePsf] v08df jftf{ dha't x'ghfG5 . To;f] geP/ vfln >L % sf] ;/sf/n] dfq}, dfcf]jfbLn] dfq} jftf{ ug{ jfWo x'g' k/]sf] v08df of] jftf{ ;kmn eP klg csf]{ ;d:of pTkGg x'''''g;S5 .

csf]{, zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf o'4lj/fd eof] eg]/ Aof/]sdf kms{g] cj:yf cfpg' x'Gg . klxn] zfxL ;]gf ;a}h;f] Aof/]sdf g} lyof] . zfxL ;]gf n8fO"df hfg] s'/f lyPg . crfgs zfxL ;]gfdfly xdnf eof], bfªdf . To;nfO{ x]bf{ ;/sf/ t}of/L l:yltdf g/x]sf] a'lemGYof] . clxn] k"/} g]kfnL To;sf] nflu tof/ eP/ a;]sf] v08df, ;'/IffsdL{ klg tof/ eP/ a;]sf] v08df To:tf] 36gf bf]xf]l/g] l:ylt cfp"b}g .

) jftf{ c;kmn eof] eg] klg dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ g}lts ¿kdf o'4df hfg gldNg], ;}GozlQm klg vQd x'g] s'g} pkfo 5 <

clxn] /fHo s'g} s8f sf/afxLlt/ pGd'v ePsf] v08df jftf{ layf]lng ;S5 . jftf{sf] ljZjf;df j[l4 ub}{ n}hfg'kb{5 . jftf{ klg ub}{ ug]{, wf]sf lbg] sf/afxL ub}{ ug]{ sfd eof] eg] of] k|lqmof layf]lnG5 . To;sf/0f wf]sfkl§ hfg' x'"b}g .

) Ph]08faf6 k/f:t ug{ ;lsGg <

s'/f ub}{ hf"bf ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsG5 . h:t} jftf{sf] qmddf dfcf]jfbL n8fs'x¿sf] ljifo cfpg ;S5 . ltgLx¿sf] s'g} Joj:yf ug{ ;lsG5 ls cyjf w]/} dfG5];"u clxn] xftxltof/ 5 . ;a};"u xftxltof/ /fVg h¿/t x'"b}g ls e¿jf aGb's af]s]sf] dfG5], afx|af]/ af]s]sf] dfG5] clxn] ldlnl;of ePsf 5g\ . hgtf;"u lnPsf] xltof/ pgLx¿;"u 5 . ltgLx¿nfO{ s] ug]{ < zfxL ;]gf ;"u;"u} lnPsf]nfO{ s] ug]{ < aflx/af6 xltof/ NofPsf] eP ltgLx¿nfO{ s] ug]{ < To;nfO{ jftf{af6} xn ug]{ s'/f xf] .

) ;f"Rr}, dfcf]jfbLx¿;"u /x]sf] xltof/ / ;]gf s] ug]{ t <

jftf{ ;'lNem;s]kl5 t dfcf]jfbL csf]{ SofDkdf, /fhgLlts bnx¿ csf]{ SofDkdf eGg] /xb}gg\ . jftf{ ;kmn ePkl5 pgLx¿ xfd|} ;dfhdf cfp"5g\ . b'O{j6f kmf}h t kSs} /xb}"gg\ . Pp6} zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf g} /xG5 .

ltgLx¿nfO{ zfxL ;]gfdf ;fd]n ug{ ;lsG5 . h:tf] pbfx/0f g} x]bf{ ))& ;fnsf] a]nfdf klg zfxL ;]gf lyof] . ljb|f]xLx¿n] d'lQm;]gf u7g u/]sf lyP . To;df vf;u/L ef/tLo ;]jfdf sfd u/]sfx¿ lyP . 8f= s]=cfO{=l;+xn] ;f]xL ;]gfsf] cf8df ljb|f]x u/L l;+xb/jf/ sAhf u/]sf lyP . kl5 Tof] d'lQm ;]gfnfO{ /Iff andf kl/0ft ul/Psf] lyof] . /Iff bn klg kl5 dfl;P/ xf]duf8{ eGg] :yfkgf eof] . # a6flnog xf]duf8{ zfxL ;]gfdf ufleof] . ljb|f]xLx¿ d'lQm ;]gf x"'b} Jojl:yt eP . ljkIfdf /x]sf dflg;x¿nfO{ ;'/Iff lgsfodf Nofpg] k|lqmof xfd|f] klxn] b]lv g} 5 . ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu t NofOg} k5{ lg †

) eg]kl5 dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xLx¿nfO{ klg ;]gfdf ;dfj]; u/fpg ;lsG5 <

g;lsg] s] 5 / < b'O{y/L s'/f ubf{ ldn] ug{ x'G5 . ltgLx¿ klg g]kfnL g} x'g\ lg . ljb]zL xf]Ogg\ . g]kfnLnfO{ g]kfnLdf ;fd]n u/fpg s'g} ufx|f] s'/f xf]Og .

) /fhgLlts ljrf/wf/fn] lbdfu e/]sfx¿nfO{ x'Nbf ;fd"lxs ljb|f]x x'g ;Sb}g <

Tof] s'/f PsLs[t x'"bf To;sf] n]vfhf]vf zfxL ;]gfn] ug{k5{ . zfxL ;]gfdf /fhgLlts k|lzIf0f t x'"b}g, t/ cfkm\gf] zlQm a[l4 ug{sf nflu l;kfxLsf] st{Jo af]w u/fOG5 . o;k|sf/n] zfxL ;]gfn] tflnd lbg], pgLx¿nfO{ st{Joaf]w u/fpg] sfd t u5{ lg † To;kl5 pko'Qm dfG5]x¿ ;]gfdf cfp"5g\ .

) clxn] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngsf] s'/f cfPsf] 5, To;nfO{ s;/L ;+rfng ug'{ k5{ <

uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng eGgfn] /fhgLlts kf6L{sf dfG5]x¿ o;df x'g' k¥of], gful/s ;dfhsf x'g'k¥of], dfcf]jfbL x'g'k¥of] . >L % sf] ;/sf/ x''''g'k5{ . To;df cfkm\gf–cfkm\gf s'/fx¿ /fVg'k¥of] . jftf{6f]nL klg Psy/L 5, uf]nd]rsf] Ogk'6 klg cfpg'k¥of] . Tof] cfPkl5 dfcf]jfbLsf jftf{sf/ / >L % sf] ;/sf/sf jftf{sf/x¿nfO{ ;a} b[li6af6 k|fKt x'G5 / To;af6 cufl8 a9\g ;lhnf] x'G5 . uf]nd]rn] lg0f{o ug]{ s'/f ePg . of] t jftf{sf/x¿n] g} ug]{ s'/f xf] . t/, uf]nd]rn] s:tf] nfOgdf jftf{ ug'{k5{ eg]/ dfu{bz{g ug'{kb{5 .

) uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng s;n] af]nfpg] <

xfd|f] sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ >L % sf] ;/sf/df 5 . pgLx¿sf] dfcf]jfbLdf 5 . clxn] ug]{ t logLx¿ g} x'g\ . c¿sf] t clwsf/ b]lvb"}g, t/ af]nfof] eg] >L % sf] ;/sf/n] otfaf6, dfcf]jfbLn] ptfaf6 ug'{k¥of] .

) >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{ t bnx¿n] dfGotf lbPsf 5}gg\ lg †

/fhgLlts bnx¿sf] klg dfGotf 5}g eGg ;lsG5 lg † ;+;b\ g} e+u e};s]kl5 t pgLx¿sf] s] dfGotf /x\of] / < ltgLx¿ ;+;bdf r'gfa lht]/ cfPsf /fhgLlts bnx¿ t x'g\ . clxn] dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 7"nf] ;bfzotf /flvaS;]sf] 5 . pxf"sf] dfu{lgb]{zg adf]lhd g} of] ;/sf/n] ToxL nfOgdf s'/f u/]sf] 5, /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ dfGotf lbPsf] g} 5 . h;/L pgLx¿ ;+;b\ ;b:o ePsf] s'/f u5{g\ To;}u/L jt{dfg k|wfgdGqL klg ;+;b\ ;b:o x'g'x'GYof] . ;a} s'/fnfO{ dfGotf glbg] xf] eg] ;a} yf]ssf] csf]{ ljsNk vf]Hg'kg]{ x'G5 . To;sf/0f, ;+u7g lj36g e};s]kl5 dfGotf s;}sf] klg 5}g . t/ otfkl§ s;}n] ;f]Rg x'"b}g . of] gsf/fTds ;f]rfO xf] . ;d:of xfd|f] kf]N6fdf 5 . &–* jif{cl3b]lvsf] u[xo'4sf] ;d:of, of] u[xo'4 ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu t xfdL ;a} ldNg'k¥of] . eË eP/ xf]Og ls ;a} ldn]/ lgdf{0f u/L ;d:of ;'NemG5 . xfd|f] ;d:of u[xo'4sf] ;d:of xf] . of] u[xo'4nfO{ s;/L ;dfwfg ug]{ Totfkl§ g} hfg'k5{, ;fgf dl;gf s'/fdf clNemg] ;do 5}g .

) cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] s'/f cfPsf] 5, of] s:tf] x'g'k5{ <

clxn] bnx¿sf] egfO ldln/fv]sf] 5}g . Pdfn]n] slxn] cGtl/d ;/sf/df cfp"5 eg]sf] ;'lgG5, sf"u]|; rflx+ To;df gcfpg] eG5 . o;n] Pp6f nfOg g} lng ;s]sf] 5}g . nfOg lng] xf] eg] t clxn] ;/sf/ /fhgLlts bnx¿;"u a;]/ s'/f u/] t ;d:of ;'NemG5 lg † ga;]/ Tof] ;d:of eO/fv]sf] 5 . of] 7"nf] ;d:of xf]Og, 7"nf] ;d:of t u[xo'4sf] xf] . u[xo'4nfO{ ;dfKt u/]/ zlGt Nofpg' Tof] 7"nf] ;d:of xf] . /fhgLlts bnx¿ / ;/sf/aLr jftf{ g} gx'g], dfGotf 5}g eGg] xf] eg], ;/sf/n] klg logLx¿nfO{ dfGotf 5}g eGg] xf] eg] ;a}yf]s eË dfq x'G5 .

) s:tf] ;+/rgf eof] eg] ;dfwfg x'g;S5 <

s'g} JolQm jf kf6L{sf] s'/f gu/]/ ;a}sf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] ;/sf/ eP /fd|f] x'G5 . clxn] g]kfndf ljleGg ljrf/sf /fhg}lts bnx¿ 5g\, ;+3;+u7gx¿ 5g\ . To;sf/0fn] ;a}sf] k|ltlglwTj x'g' kb{5 . xfd|f] ;d:of ;a}n] ljrf/ k'¥ofP/ b[9 ;+slNkt eP/ zflGt Nofp"5f}+, cfd :jfy{sf s'/f TofU5f}+, h¿/t k¥of] eg] kf6L{sf] :jfy{ klg TofU5f}+ / zfGt jftfj/0fdf r'gfa u/fp"5f}+ / ;/sf/ agfp"5f}+ eg]/ uPsf] v08df afwf knf{ h:tf] nfUb}g .

) bnx¿sf] k|ltlglwTjdf k|Zg cfp"5 lg † s;–s;nfO{ u/fpg] eGg] <

k|wfgdGqLn] af/Daf/ elg/fVg' ePsf] 5 ls ;a}hgf ldnf}+ eg]/ . gcfPsf] sf] 5 < o;df 7"nf bnx¿ ;a} ldn]/ s'/f u/] t ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg lg:sL xfN5 lg † oxf" sf]xL klg a:b} ga;]/ of] s'/f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lsgeg] ;+;b\df kmnfgf]sf] olt k|ltzt pkl:ylt 5 eg] t x'G5 lg † To;}n] >L % af6 klxn] g} of] ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ Pp6f ;xh af6f] lgsfNgsf] nflu klg k|lta4tf JoQm ul/aS;]sf] lyof] . >L % sf] To; avtsf] ;/sf/sf] DofG8]6 s] lyof] eg] ;+;b\ lj36g eof], ^ dlxgfdf r'gfj x'g ;s]g, ! jif{ nDAofpg l;kmfl/; ul/of] . Tof] dxf/fhflw/fhn] :jLsf/ u/L aS;]g . pxf"af6 of] /fi6«sf nflu wf]sf x'G5 eGg] 7x/ eof] . Tof] c;xh kl/l:yltaf6 lgsf; k|fKt ug{sf nflu wf/f !@& sf] k|of]u u/L clxn]sf] ;/sf/sf] u7g ul/aS;]sf] xf] . Tof] cj:yf b]lv g} >L % af6 ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿nfO{ ;/sf/ agfpg dfG5] k7fpm eg]/ x's'd ePsf] lyof] . dlxgflbg;Dd ;/sf/ s'l/alS;of] . st}af6 s]xL /];kf]G; cfPg . gcfPkl5 afWo eP/ >L % af6 of] ;/sf/ u7g ug{nfO{ k|wfgdGqLnfO{ lgb]{zg aS; eof] . dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/af6 t To; avtb]lv g} lj3l6t ;+;b\sf bnx¿sf] ;xof]u lng] k|of; ul/aS;]sf] xf] . dfOg; ug]{ clek|fo t >L % sf] Toltv]/ klg lyPg . clxn] $ dlxgfkl5 ut kmfu'g & ut] klg ;f]xL s'/f bf]xf]¥ofOaS;]sf] 5 .

) ;+ljwfg;efdf 5nkmn ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf] 5 elgG5, ;+ljwfg;ef h¿/L 5 <

;+ljwfg;ef eGg', ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg eGg' gldn]sf] s'/fx¿ ldnfpg' dfq} xf] . clxn]s} h'g ;+ljwfg 5 Tof] ;+ljwfgnfO{ h¿/t k/]sf v08df /fd|f] ;b\efjgf /fv]/ ;a}n] a;L s'/f u/] ;a}yf]s x'G5 . of] !@ jif{df ePg eg] s] ePg < Tof] gePsf] s'/fnfO{ s;/L ;Rrfpg] < ;'wfl/Psf] ;+ljwfgaf6 sfd rN5 eg] lsg ;+ljwfg;ef rflxof] / < ;fob h¿/t kb}{+g . oxL ;+ljwfgnfO{ g} !@ jif{hlt h'g cEof; u¥of}+ To;df xfdLnfO{ g} s] ldn]g t < eGg] xfdLnfO{ yfxf xf]nf lg t < Tof] gldn]sf s'/fx¿ ldnfpg ;lsG5 eg] To;}af6 klg s'/f ;'lN6G5 xf]nf .

) ;+ljwfg;efdf hf"bf ;zt{ hfg] ls lgMzt{ hfg] <

;+ljwfg;efdf hfg x'"b}g eGg] xf]Og . !@ jif{sf] ljs[lt ldnfpg' k5{ . xfd|f] ))& ;fnb]lv )!& ;fn;Ddsf] cg'ej 5 . )!& ;fnb]lv )$^ ;fn;Ddsf] cg'ej 5 . )$^ ;fnb]lv clxn];Ddsf] cg'ej 5 . oL tLgj6f sfndf /fd|f klg sfd eP, g/fd|f sfd klg eP . g/fd|f s]–s] eP ltgLx¿nfO{{ x6fpg' k5{ . /fd|f]nfO{ c¿ bl/nf] agfpg' k5{ . cflv/ ;+ljwfg ;ef eg]sf] klg ToxL xf], ;+ljwfgnfO{ ;Rofpg] eGg] klg Tolx xf] .

) eg]kl5 lgzt{ ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg ;S5f}+ <

hfg g;Sg] t b]lVbg" .

) uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng / ;+ljwfg;efdf bnx¿ u0ftGqdf hfg ;S5g\ <

of] t ;}4flGts s'/f dfq} nfUb5 ls ;a} u0ftGqdf hfnfg\ eGg] s'/f . bnx¿ klg hgtfaf6 r'lgP/ cfPsf dflg;x¿ x'g\ . hgtfn] 5n{Ë b]v]sf 5g\ ls of] d'n'sn] clxn] qf0f s;/L kfof] eGg] . & jif{b]lv rn]sf] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] af6f] b]lvPsf] lyPg . t/ clxn] dxf/fhlw/fh ;/sf/ :jo+af6 kxn ul/aS;]/ ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] af6f]df uO/fv]sf] 5 . !@ jif{sf] k|hftflGqs cEof;sf] bf}/fgdf dxf/fhlw/fh ;/sf/sf] e"ldsf x]bf{, ;+ljwfgsf] cIf/;M kfngf /fh;+:yf afx]s c¿ s;}n] u/]g . !@ jif{df To;f] eGbfeGb} klg xfd|f] g]kfnL hgtfn] /fhf rflxb}+g u0ftGqaf6 /fi6«klg Nofp"5' eg]/ eGg]jfnf 5}g . Tof] t cGwf] dfG5]n] dfq} eGg] s'/f xf] . lsgeg] !@ jif{df s] eof] t < /fhfsf] e"ldsf s] lyof] t < xfdL ;a}n] b]lv/fv]sf] s'/f xf] . ;a} /fhgLlts g]tfx¿n] g} eg] ls xfdLx¿af6 uNtL eof] t/ /fhfaf6 ePsf] 5}g eg]/ . o;f] x'"bfx'"b} klg hgtfn] /fhf rflxb}+g eg]/ eGb}df hgtfnfO{ lg0f{o ug{ lbpmg\ g . of] s;}n] JolQm ljz]ifn] lg0f{o ug]{ s'/f xf]Og, ;Dk"0f{ hgtfn] lg0f{o ug'{kg]{ s'/f xf] . ;Dk"0f{ hgtfsf] dgdf clxn] /fhfaf6 qf0f kfPsf 5f}+, /fhf geOlbPsf] eP d'n'sdf s] x'GYof] < eGg] 5fk k/]sf] 5 . To;sf/0f u0ftGq cfp"5 eGg] s'/fdf ljrlnt x'g'k5{ h:tf] nfUb}g .

) ;+ljwfg;ef of ;+zf]wgdf /fhfsf] clwsf/ s6f}tL x'g] ;Defjgf slt 5 <

;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg x'"b}df, /fhfsf] clwsf/ s6f}tL x'"b}g a¿ /fhfsf] clwsf/ yk x'G5 . xfd|f] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgdf ljs[lt /f]Sgsf nflu /fi6«fWoIf;"u x'g'kg]{ clwsf/ /x]g . clxn] !@ jif{sf] bf}/fg h];'s} eP klg To;sf] af/]df af]Ng] clwsf/, grflxg] s'/f eP To;nfO{ ;Rofpg] clwsf/ /fhfdf ePg . ;+ljwfg;ef xf];\ of s'g} klg ;+j}wflgs ;'wf/ xf];\ To;df g/fd|f] sfdsf/jfxLnfO{ /f]Sg] Joj:yf x'g'kb{5 / Tof] cfp"5 . Tof] hgtfn] klg Nofp"5g\ . lsgeg] ;Rofpg] zlQm t /fh;+:yf afx]s c¿ s;}df b]lvPg . dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ klg /fh;+:yf g} cufl8 a9] dfq} ;dfwfg x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf 5 .

) eg]kl5 ca aGg] jf ;'wf/ x'g] ;+ljwfgdf /fhfsf] clwsf/ a9\5 g} <

a9\g] dtna k|hftGqnfO{ cf"r cfpg vf]h]sf] v08df To;nfO{ ;'/Iff lbgsf nflu, To;af6 ljs[lt cfPsf] v08df To;nfO{ ;xL af6f]df nufpgsf nflu /fh;+:yfnfO{ ;+ljwfgdf s]xL Joj:yf ug}{k5{ . /fh;+:yfn] g]kfnLnfO{ lauf/]sf] 36gf slx+ e]6\b}gf}+ . /f0ff zf;gsf] lg/+s'z zf;gnfO{ x6fpg >L % lqe'jg g} nfluaS:of] . clxn] !@ jif]{ zf;g sfn clGtd sfn;Dd /fhf jL/]Gb| g} ;+ljwfgsf] cIf/zM kfngf ul/aS:of] . )$^ ;fndf ab\gfd xf]OaS;]sf] /fhf >L % jL/]Gb| :ju]{ x'"bf ;f/f hgtf /f]P, l;+uf] g]kfn /f]of] . clxn] klg >L % af6 c;xh kl/l:yltaf6 ;xh kl/l:yltdf Nofpgsf nflu wf/f !@& nufO{aS;]sf] xf] . Tof] nufPsf] ef]lnkN6b]lv g} >L % af6 Pp6f cGt/Ld ;/sf/ agfcf}+ / o;af6 dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;'Nemfcf}+, r'gfjdf hfcf}+ eGg] x's'd x'"b}5 . To;sf/0f /fh;+:yfn] xd]zf ====== s/0f rfn]sf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf /fh;+:yfsf] zlQm 36\g'k5{ eg]/ hgtfn] eG5 h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g .

) ;]gfsf] lgoGq0fsf] ljjfb rNg] u/]sf] 5, s;sf] lgoGq0fdf x'g'k5{ ;]gf <

efUon] >L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/ k/d;]gflwklt xf]OaS;]sf] x'gfn] ;]gf hf]luof] . gq k|zf;g /fhgLlts/0f eof] . sfd ug{ g;Sg] c;Ifd eof], k|x/Lsf], u'Ktr/ ljefusf] Tolx xfnt eof] . ;]gfsf] klg !@ jif{df /fhgLlts/0f e}lbPsf] eP clxn] oxf" dfcf]jfbLsf] /fHo x'GYof] . efUoa; >L % df /x]sf] x'gfn] To;df /fhgLlts/0f ePg . Tof] ghf]luPsf] eP clxn] dfcf]jfbLn] zf;g uy]{ .

) eg]kl5 ;]gf ;+;b\sf] dftxtdf hfg'x'"b}g <

clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ha;Dd xfdL kl/kSj x'"b}gf}+, xfdLx¿df ;f]Rg] zlQm cfp"b}g ta;Dd ;]gf clxn] h;/L /x]sf] 5 To;/L g} /xg'k5{ . d'n'ssf] :yfloTjsf] lglDt of] h¿/L 5 . gf/fo0fdfg lah'S5]n] ;d]t ljb]zL zlQmsf] ;fdgf ug]{ /fhf l;jfo c¿ 5}g eg]/ . /fhfn] ;]gfnfO{ 7fp"df /flvaS;]sf] 5 . olb ;+;b\df uP/ /fhgLlts/0f ul/g] xf] eg] lau|]sf] zfxL ;]gfsf] s] dtna /xG5 / < /f0ff zf;gsf] a]nfdf klg ;]gfsf] clnslt /fhgLlts/0f ePsf] lyof] . kmnfgf] hg]{nsf] olt kN6g, kmnfgf]sf] olt eg]/ efu nufOGYof] . To;af6 hg]{nx¿aLr g} df/sf6 x'GYof] / To;sf] kl/0ffd t ;a}n] efu]s} xf] . To;sf/0f ;]gf Pp6} sdf08df a:g'k5{ . /fi6«fWoIf s} cGt/ut /xg'k5{ .

) dfcf]jfbLn] :j= /fhf jL/]Gb|;"u c3f]lift sfo{ut Pstf 5 eGg', k"j{ ;]gfkltsf] lzjk'/L efif0f, h]7 * sf] ;+;b\ lj36g / c;f]h !* sf] zfxL 3f]if0ffnfO{ x]bf{ /fhf / dfcf]jfbLn] ;xsfo{ k|dfl0ft x'"b}g / <

)%# ;fnlt/sf] lrkm wd{kfnj/l;+xnfO{ dxf/fhflw/fhn] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ s] ug'{kb{5 eg]/ of]hgf agfpg lgb]{zg lbOaS;]sf] lyof] . Tolx cg'¿k pxf"n] of]hgf agfP/ k]z ug'{eof] . zfxL ;]gfn] lbPsf] of]hgfdf &) s/f]8 hlt ah]6 Joj:yf ug'kg]{ atfOPsf] lyof] . t To; avtsf] ;/sf/n] Tof] of]hgfnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]g . dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu k|x/Ldfly %)÷^) s/f]8 vr{ ul/of] . olb Tof] xf] eg] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of dxf/fhlw/fhaf6 pAhfO{aS:of] eGg ldNb}g . To;f] x'"bf] xf] t dxf/fhlw/fhn] of] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu cfdL{nfO{ of]hgf agfpg x's'd x'Gy]g . b'ef{Uojz, Tof] of]hgf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] g} gdfg]sf] xf] . ;]gfdf lhDd]jf/L glbP/ k|x/Ldf lhDd]jf/L lbPsf] xf] . Tolx cg';f/ 36gfqmd oxf";Dd cfPsf] xf] . To;sf/0fn] of] s'/f ;To xf]Og .

klxnf] kfgf | :yflgo ;dfrf/ | ;Dkfblso | dgf]/~hg | ljrf/÷laZn]if0f | v]ns'b