sf7df08f}+, r}q !^ @)%(

klxnf] kfgf

kf6L{x¿nfO{ wgu9L ;Daf]wgsf] cfzf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f++} . ef/tsf ljleGg wfld{s :ynx¿sf] P3f/ lbj;Lo e|d0fkl5 cfh :jb]z lkmtL{ xf]OaS;g] /fhbDktLaf6 hgtfsf nflu s:tf] k|:ffb NofOaS;]sf] 5, To;sf] ;+s]t ;'b"/klZrdf~rnsf] wgu9Ldf r}q @! ut] x'g] clegGbg ;df/f]xaf6 k|fKt x'g] cfzf /fhgLlts bnx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .

wfld{s e|d0fsf] cfj/0f lbP klg >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 ef/tsf k|wfgdGqL c6n laxf/L jfhk]oL, /fi6«klt cAb'n snfd cfhfb, ljkIfL bnsL g]t[o ;f]lgof ufGwL, pk Pj+ u[xdGqL nfns[i0f cf8\jf0fL, ljb]zdGqL hh{kmgf{lG8h;"u ePsf] s'/fsfgLsf] k|efj wgu9Ldf k|s6 x'g] ck]Iff w]/}n] u/]sf 5g\ . pRr:t/Lo ;"qn] hgfP cg';f/ ef/tsf g]tfx¿n] >L % nfO{ /fhgLlts bnx¿;"u åGå x}g ;'dw'/ ;DaGw sfod /fvL /fhgLlts ;dfwfg vf]Hg cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . ef/tLo /IffdGqL hh{ kmgf{lG8;n] t dfcf]jfbLk|lt b]lvPsf] g/d Jojxf/k|lt c;Gt'li6 JoQm ub}{ g]kfndf cft+sjfb lgd"{n kfg{ cfkm" h:tf];'s} ;xof]u ug{ klg tof/ ePsf] s'/f atfpg'ePsf] lyof] . ef/tLo g]tfx¿n] dfcf]jfbLn] ef/tsf lkk'N; jf/ u|'k / dfcf]O:6 sDo'lgi6 ;]G6/ h:tf cft+sjfbL ;d"x;"u ;DaGw gtf]8];Dd cf}krfl/s ¿kdf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cft+ssf/Ls} bhf{df /fvL Jojxf/ ug]{ u/]sf] 5 .

;"qx¿sf cg';f/ >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] sf+u|];–Pdfn]k|ltsf] k"jf{u|x cem} ;lsPsf] 5}g . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf;"usf] JolQmut O{iof{sf sf/0f sf+u|];nfO{ ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tjdf nUg df};'kmnfO{ ¿lr 5}g . xf]n]/L k|s/0fkl5 g} /fhf / sf+u|]; ;efklt sf]O/fnfsf] ;DaGw clt dw'/sf] bhf{df k'Ug ;kmn ePg . c;f]h !* kl5 t sf]O/fnf / /fhfaLrsf] b"/L emg\ a9]sf] 5 . To:t}, g]skf Pdfn]sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnnfO{ eg] zfxL ;+xf/sf] vf]hljg l/kf]6{df c;xof]u u/]sf] sf/0f Tolt e/kbf]{ g]tfsf] ¿kdf lnOaS;b}+g .

pRr ;"qx¿n] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ …/fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ 5f]8]/ lx+8\of] eg] /fhgLlts b'3{6gf lglDtG5Ú eg] k|Zg ubf{ >L % af6 ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 ;d]t ;j{;Ddltn] plrt 7x¥ofPsf] k|ltlglw;ef Ao""tfpg g;lsg] hfgsf/L lbOaS;]sf] lyof] . df};'kmaf6 cfkm\gf] k|fyldstf zflGt ePsf] / hgtfsf] ¿lr klg ToxL ePsf] x's'd ePsf] lyof] . df};'kmn] zflGtaxfn geO~h]n o;/L g} rnfOaS;g] / b]znfO{ czflGtsf] d'vdf nu]/ 5f8\g]sf xftdf k'gM ;Qf glbOg] :ki6 kfl/aS;]sf] lyof] .

bnx¿sf] dfgl;stf

em08} ^ dlxgfkl5 cfP/ ;]gf k'gM:yfkgf jf ;j{bnLodWo]sf] s'g} klg ljsNkn] /fli6«o ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg x'g] s'/fdf ;xdt ePsf /fhgLlts bnx¿ clxn] /fhfnfO{ wDSofP/ cfkm\gf] cg's"nsf] lg0f{o u/fpg k|of;/t 5g\ . lxhf] g]kfnu~hdf ePsf] cGt/lqmofTds sfo{qmdn] klg ;+o'Qm ¿kdf cfGbf]ng ug{'kg]{ s'/fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] zlgaf/ lj/f6gu/df cfof]lht cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdn] klg bnx¿n] @)$^ ;fnsf] k|hftGq / @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] /Iffy{ ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngdf hfg'kg]{ lgisif{ lbPsf] 5 .

t/ em08} *% dlxgf;Dd lx+;fTds cleofgdf nfu]sf] zlQm zflGtk"0f{ jftf{sf] k|lqmofdf ;+nUg ePsf] a]nf s:tf] cfGbf]ng ug]{ eGg] ;d:of eg] kf6L{x¿nfO{ k/]sf] 5 . zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng ;/sf/ / b/af/n] gh/cGbfh ug]{, tf]8kmf]8 / lx+;fTds ug{ cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] cfr/0fn] glbg] . To:tf] cfGbf]ng ;+rfng e}xfNof] eg] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] cfnf]rgf vfg'kg]{ 8/ klg ltgnfO{ 5 . oltv]/ zflGtsf] lj/f]wdf :j/ lgsfNg]x¿nfO{ zflGtsf afwssf ¿kdf lng] ;Defjgf klg 5 .

To;f] t c;f]h !* ut]kl5 /fi6«, cfkm\gf] kf6L{ / ax'bnLo Joj:yfdf ljZjf; ug]{ ;a} kf6L{x¿nfO{ Pp6} s'/fdf c8\ofpg g;Sbf bnsf g]tfx¿sf] ljZj;gLotf s]xL sd ePsf] 5 . t/, jftf{sf] k|:tfj k]z ubf{, o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ff ubf{ / cfrf/;+lxtf hf/L ug]{ ;do;Dd kf6L{x¿sf] e"ldsf z"Go /x]sf] lyof] . cfrf/;+lxtf ;]gf ljeflht eO{ ;fj{ef}d;Qf g} ljeflht x'"bf klg bnx¿n] k|Zg u/]gg\ . ;a} s'/fsf] r'krfk ;dy{g u/] . dfcf]jfbLsf] k|efjleq s;sf] lgoGq0fdf /xg], ;'/Iff an / /fhgLlts sfo{stf{ k|j]z u/]/ cfkm\gf u}/;}lgs lqmofsnfk ;+rfng ug{ kfpg]÷gkfpg] af/]df klg ltgn] lg0{fo ug{ ;s]gg\ .

/fhf / dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] rnfvLk"0f{ sbdnfO{ ;+;bLo kf6L{x¿n] a'em\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] sf+u|]; / Pdfn]nfO{ ;Qfsf] lziff{;gdf k'Ug glbg h:tf];'s} pkfo ckgfpg] / ;Demf}tf klg ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . ;f] kf6L{sf tkm{af6 kmfu'g @& ut] g]skf Pdfn];"u kf"r a'"b] ;xdltkqdf x:tfIf/ ul/Psf] 5  . h;df @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngsf] pknlJwsf] /Iff ug]{ / k|ltudg lj¿4 ;+3if{ ug]{ b]zsf k|d'v ;d:ofnfO{ zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLlts dfWodaf6 ;dfwfg vf]Hg], c;f]h !* sf] sbd c;+j}wflgs ePsf] / To;af6 k|ltudgsf] vt/f ePsf]n] To;sf lj¿4 ;xsfo{ u/]/ cufl8 a9\g] g]skf Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbLaLrdf ljutdf ePsf s6'tfk"0f{ ;DaGwnfO{ cfTd;ldIff ub}{ ljleGg sfo{qmddfkm{t\ ;'dw'/ agfpg] s'/f pNn]v 5 . Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbLsf aLrdf s6'tfk"0f{ ;DaGwnfO{ dw'/ agfpg !& j6f a'"bf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

h;df Ps csf{k|lt b'ef{jgf gkm}Nofpg], Pdfn]sf] sfo{qmddf /f]s gnufpg], sfo{stf{x¿dfly cfqmd0f gug]{, /fhgLlts bnsf uf]i7L ;]ldgf/, sfo{qmd tyf ;efdf jfwf Jojwfg l;h{gf gug]{, ljutdf Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf uNtL, sdLsdhf]/L 5fgljg ug]{, @)$^ sf] pknlJwsf] /Iff ug{ cl3 a9\g] / To;sf nflu h'g;'s} pkfo cjnDag ug'{k/] klg tof/ x'g] tTsfnLg kl/l:yltdf 5nkmn u/L lg0f{odf k'Ug] s'/fx¿ pNn]v 5g\ .

pQm ;xdlt kl5 klg g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] g]skf Pdfn]nfO{ k]Ng rflx" 5f]8]sf] 5}g . Pdfn] ;"qn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ g]skf Pdfn]sf] dsjfgk'/sf] kmfk/jf/L Onfsfdf r}q !# ut] hgcleofg sfo{qmd lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . t/ pQm lgwf{l/t sfo{qmdnfO{ dfcf]jfbLsf Onfsf sld6L cWoIfsf] Pp6} kqn] /f]lslbof] . pgn] cfkm\gf] cfwf/ Onfsfleq c¿ s'g} /fhgLlts kf6L{nfO{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ lbg] gLlt kf6L{sf] g/x]sf] / cfkm\gf] tx;Dd kf6L{ x]8Sjf6{/af6 cGo /fhgLlts bnx¿;"u ul/Psf] ;xdltsf] hfgsf/L gcfPsf]n] c¿nfO{ sfo{qmd ug{ glbg] xfsfxfsL g} atfPsf lyP .

dfcf]jfbLx¿n] Psflt/ b'O{ ;Qfdfq} sfod /x]sf] / sf+u|]; Pdfn] nufotsf cGo ;+;bjfbL kf6L{x¿nfO{ ls /fhfsf] k5fl8 ls cfkm\gf] k5fl8 nfUg cg'/f]w ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ eg] slxn] sfxL" d'n'sdf lqkIfLo /fhgLlts ;Gt'ng /x]sf] / ca vf]lhg] /fhgLlts lgsf;df ;+;bLo kf6L{x¿sf] klg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'g] s'/f atfp"b} cfPsf 5g\ . o;/L ;+;bLo kf6L{x¿ dfcf]jfbL / /fhfsf] d';f v]nfO{df cNdlnPsf 5g\ .

jfdb]jnfO{ >[¨f/k6f/
;b\efjgfkl5 Pdfn] km'6fpg] b/afl/of clei6

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . ;Qfdf /x]sf] g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{nfO{ dxflwj]zg :ynaf6} cf}krfl/s ¿kdf ljeflht u/L sdhf]/ kf/]kl5 …km'6fp / /fh u/Ú eGg] dGq hKg] b/afl/ofx¿ cfkm\gf] ;Dk"0f{ pmhf{ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ PsLs[t dfS;{jfbL n]lggjfbLnfO{ km'6fpg nufPsf 5g\ .

pRr ;"qx¿n] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ clxn] Pdfn]sf] ;+:yfkg kIf / cNkdt b'j} kIfdf b/afl/ofsf] OR5f cg';f/ rNg] uf]6Lx¿n] laafb pTsif{lt/ k'¥ofp"b} cfPsf 5g\ . hgsk'/sf] ;ftf}+ dxflwj]zgdf cNkdtsf ljkIfLx¿nfO{ pgLx¿sf] …jfd k'8\s]Ú sb b]vfpg ;kmn x'g'ePsf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn kIfn] o;/L k]Ng yfn]sf] 5 ls pgLx¿ kf6L]{ 5f]8]/ hfg ;s"g\ . o:tf] k]nfg ug{ dxf;lrjnfO{ afWo kfg{ O{Zj/ kf]v/]n / k|bLk g]kfn h:tf rt'/ g]tfx¿sf] xft /x]sf] atfOG5 . /fwfs[i0f d}gfnLnfO{ kf]ln6Ao"/f]af6 kfvf nufPkl5 jfdb]j uf}td / v8\uk|;fb cf]nLnfO{ klg ckdflgt u/]/ kf6L{af6 knfog u/fpg ;lsof] eg] kf6L{sf] cfufdL clwj]zgdf dxf;lrjsf] bfa]bf/sf ¿kdf b]lvg kfpg] cfzf b'j}nfO{ 5 . uf}td / cf]nL /x'~h]n pgLx¿ t];|f] k+lQmdf /xg'kb{5 . o;}n] ;+:yfkg kIfsf] k]nfO a9\b} uPsf] 5 . xfn} dfq ul/Psf] ljefuLo x]/km]/df klg cf]nL–uf}td kIfsf sfo{stf{x¿ kfvf kfl/Psf 5g\ . ltgsf] 7fp"df ;+:yfkg kIfsf dfG5] /flvof] . k|rf/ ljefub]lv c~rn, ;lrjfno ToxL 9+un] u7g ul/Psf] 5 .

cNkdt kIfsf g]tf jfdb]j uf}tdsf nflu kf6L{sf] k]nfO …s] vf]H5;\ sfgf cf"vf]Ú ;fljt ePsf] 5 . pxf" kf6L{;"u cem} åGå a9fP/ ljutdf em+} of lgisfl;t x'g OR5's x'g'x'G5 of clt ckx]ngf u/]sf] cf/f]kdf PSn} jf ;fd"lxs ¿kdf lg:sg tof/ x'g'x'G5 . Pdfn] g]tf uf}td Pdfn] ljeflht u/]/ aflx/ lg:s"bf ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tjb]lv lnP/ dfcf]jfbLsf] :yfoL sld6L;Ddsf cfsif{s k|:tfj pxf"sxf" cfO/x]sf 5g\ . b/af/sf b'O{ ;lrj uP/ uf}tdnfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf] ckm/ u/]sf lyP . kb kfPkl5 Tof] lbnfpg]sf nflu h] klg ug{ tof/ x'g] / @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmsf] k|ltlglwTj klg x'g] ePsf]n] jfdb]jnfO{ l;+ufg{ yflnPsf] atfOG5 . b/af/sf] hf]8 eg] jfdb]jnfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf] cfZjf;g b]vfP/ Pdfn] kl/Tofu ug{ nufOG5, sdn rf}nfufO{" h;/L . wgu9Lsf] clegGbg cufl8 Pdfn]af6 km'6fOof] eg] clegGbgkl5 pxf"nfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf] kbjL klg lbOg] 5 .

Pdfn] g]tf jfdb]j uf}td cfp"bf klg dfcf]jfbLnfO{ s'g} gf]S;fg gkg]{ atfOG5 . Pdfn] sdhf]/ eof], kmfObf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ g} . ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj jfdkGyL / cfkm\gf d"No dfGotfsf ;dy{s sxf" k'Ug] eof] . dfcf]jfbLn] lnPsf gLltx¿sf] ;dy{gb]lv zflGtjftf{ k|lqmofdf efu glnP jf o;sf] lj/f]w u/] ;+;bLo kf6L{x¿sf] cl:tTj ;dfKt x'g] qmflGtsf/L efif0f ug]{ JolQm g} pxf" x'g'x'GYof] .

g]skf Pdfn]sf] gjul7t s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt / kf]ln6Ao"/f]df :yfg gkfpg'ePsf Pdfn] g]tf /fwfs[i0f d}gfnLnfO{ klg dfcf]jfbLx¿n] kf]ln6Ao"/f]sf] ;b:osf] nflu cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . ;"qx¿n] b/af/L b"tx¿ Pdfn] g]tf cf]nLnfO{ kmsfpg klg uPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . t/, pxf"n] pwf/f] s'/fdf Tolt rfv lbg'ePg . g]skf Pdfn]sf] ;+:yfks kIfn] cf]nLk|lt ;xfg'e"lt /fVg] kqsf/x¿nfO{ k|rf/ sld6Laf6 x6fOPsf] / pgLx¿sf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] k]|; rf}tf/L klg e+u ug]{ tof/L u/]sf] yfxf kfP/ k|]; rf}tf/Lsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sn] cfufdL j}zfv @% / @^ ut] tfg;]gdf dxflwj]zg ul/lbg] ePsf] 5 .

ax'bnlj?4 if8\oGq x'g lbGgf}"M dfcf]jfbL

) jftf{ slxn] x'G5 <

xfdL s'g} klg a]nf jftf{ ug]{ eg]/ g} ;fj{hlgs ePsf 5f}+ . k'ghLn] eg] h:t} !* ut] lgwf{l/t ePsf] eg] xf]Og . jftf{ ug{sf nflu ljZjfl;nf] jftfj/0f x'g'k¥of] eGg] xfd|f] dfu 5 . t/, ljZjfl;nf] jftfj/0f aGg ;s]sf] 5}g .

) kf"r s]Gb|Lo ;b:osf] d'lQm / tkfO{{x¿dfly nfu]sf] d'2f lkmtf{ gx'"b} jftf{ cufl8 a9\5 ls a9\b}g <

pxf"x¿ cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ug'{x'G5 clg xfdLnfO{ af]nfP/ jftf{ u/f}+ eGg'x'G5 . pxf"x¿sf] cbfntsf] sfg'gsf] dof{bf pxf"x¿n] g} hfGg] s'/f xf] . To;}n] xfdLn] xfd|f lglDt xf]Og pxf"x¿nfO{ tkfO{+sf] dof{bfsf nflu dfq} eP klg d'2f vf/]h ug'{xf];\ eg]sf xf}+ . xfdL t tkfO{+sf] ;+j}wflgs sfg'g gdfGg] x'gfn] xfdLnfO{ s'g} c;/ kb{}g . tkfO{+nfO{ ;+s6df kf5{ eg]/ xfdLn] pxf"x¿nfO{ eg]sf 5f}+ .

t}klg xfdL oxf" cfPsf 5f}+ . pxf"x¿nfO{ g}lts ¿kdf a"Rgsf lglDt d'2f vf/]h ug]{ / xfd|f ;fyLx¿nfO{ l/xf ug]{ k|lqmof ;'¿ ubf{ /fd|f] x'G5, To;kl5 dfq} jftf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9\5 .

) jftf{ cufl8 /fhf;"u e]6\g] s'g} sfo{qmd 5 <

clxn] g} To:tf] s'g} sfo{qmd ag]sf] 5}g . cvaf/df o;cl3 k|rf/df cfPh:tf] o;cl3 e]6 ePsf] xf]Og . xfdLn] /fhtGqsf] af/]df :ki6 c8fg x'"bfx'"b} klg cfjZos k¥of] eg] /fhf;"u klg jftf{ ug{ tof/ 5f}+ . clxn];Dd xfdLn] /fhfnfO{ e]6 u/]sf 5}gf}+ .

) tkfO{+x¿sf] jftf{ 6f]nLdf dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj 5}g lg <

xfdLn] klxNo} klg o; ;DaGwdf sl7gfO k/]sf] hfx]/ ul/;s]sf 5f}+ . dlxnfx¿sf] xfd|f] cfGbf]ngdf lgs} 7"nf] e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . pxf"x¿nfO{ ;d]6\g kfPsf] eP cem} /fd|f] x'GYof] . k|fljlws sf/0fn] dfq} 5'6\g'ePsf] xf] . o;sf] cy{ s] xf]Og eg] clxn];Ddsf] j}wflgs Pjd\ cu|ufdL ljrf/ af]s]/ cfPsf ;Dk"0f{ ju{, hflt, ln+usf] d'lQm xfdLn] rfxg] x'gfn] xfd|f] jftf{ 6f]nLn] dlxnfsf af/]df jftf{df ;zQm 9+un] p7fpg] 5 .

) tkfO{+ ax'bnLo k|0ffnLdf gof" df]8]n k|:t't u5f}{+ eGg'x'G5, s:tf] df]8]n rfx'g'x'G5 <

xfdLn] vf]h]sf] gof" k|0ffnL eg]sf] xfd|f] gof" hgjfbL k|0ffnL tTsfn k|fKt ug]{ xf]Og . clxn] /fhfn] vf]h]sf] h:tf] t s'g} klg xfntdf x'g ;Sb}g . ca )$& ;fnkl5 c;f]h !* ut];Ddsf] ;+;bLo Joj:yf oyfl:yltdf /xg ;Sb}g . o;af6 cufl8 hfg}k5{ . xfd|f] rfxgf t gof" hgjfbdf g} hfp" eGg] xf], t/ xfdLn] rfx]/ dfq} klg x'"b}g . clxn]sf] /fhgLltdf lqkIfLo ;Gt'ng 5 . To;nfO{ :jLsf/ ub}{ clxn] ePsf] ax'bnLo k|0ffnL eGbf cln cufl8 hfp" eGg] xf] . clxn]sf] k|0ffnLdf /x]sf s'/fx¿ /xG5g\ / /fVg}k5{ . t/ of] ck"/f] 5 . o;df ;'wf/ ug'{k5{ . clxn]sf] k|hftGq eGgfn] cf}krfl/s k|hftGq xf] . h;df dt xfNg] clwsf/ 5, t/ lgjf{lrt x'g] clwsf/ eg] 5}g . To;}n] xfdLn] jf:tljs / cfjZos k|hftGq h'g ax'bnLo g} x'G5 t/ To;df ljleGg ln+u, hflt / ;d'bfosf] k|ltlglwTj /xG5, To:tf] ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] s'/f xfdLn] u/]sf xf}+ . of] jftf{sf qmddf o;sf] af/]df :ki6 /flvg] 5 . xfdLn] vf]h]sf] @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] gof"vfn] k|hftGq xf] .

) o'4 kLl8tx¿sf] k'g:yf{kgfsf nflu s'g} To:tf] sfo{qmd 5 <

ha;Dd /fhgLlts s'/f ;dfwfg x'"b}g, ha;Dd /fhgLlts ;+/rgf kl/jt{g x'"b}g ta;Dd kLl8tsf] k'g:yf{kgf eP/ klg To;sf] s'g} cy{ /x"b}g . To;}n] xfd|f] klxnf] k|fyldstf /fhgLlts ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg x'g'k¥of] eGg] xf] . c¿ s'/f kl5 g} x'G5 .

) hgtfn] t zflGt rfxG5g\ lg xf]Og < /fhgLlts d'2fdf cj/f]w cfof] eg] o;df ;d:of cfp"5 xf]Og / <

hgtfn] zflGt dfq} xf]Og cu|ufdL kl/jt{g klg rfx]sf 5g\ .

) uf]nd]rdf s–s;sf] k|ltlglwTj x'G5 <

uf]nd]rdf ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts zlQmx¿;lxt ljleGg hflt, ;d'bfo, lnËnufot ;Dk"0f{ gful/s ;dfhx¿sf] k|ltlglwTj x'g'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] egfO xf] .

) ax'bnLo Joj:yf / /fhtGq dfGg'ePsf] xf] <

xfdLn] clxn];Ddsf] sfo{qmd eg]sf] gof" hgjfbL ;Qf dfq} xf] . xfdLn] /fhtGq dfg]sf xf]Ogf}+ .

) b'O{ aGb'swf/L ldn]/ k|hftGqsf] lj¿4 if8\oGq u/]sf] elgG5 lg <

xfdLx¿ ax'bnLo Joj:yf, k|hftGqk|ltsf] s'g} klg if8\oGqdf ;xefuL x'g ;Sb}gf}+ .

) uf]nd]r s;n] af]nfpg] <

h;n] af]nfP klg x'G5 . t/, Oltxf; x]g]{ xf] eg] s'g} klg kl/jt{gdf ljb|f]xL kIfn] g} g]t[Tj ug]{ ub{5 .

) /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ gof" ;Qf / k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] aLrdf sxf" /fVg'x'G5 <

/fHo / /fhgLlts zlQm km/s–km/s s'/f x'g\ . /fHodf sfo{kflnsf, Gofokflnsf, ;]gf, k|x/L ;a} kb{5g\ . t/, /fhgLlts kf6L{, ;/sf/ eg]sf] /fHosf] Pp6f c+u dfq} xf] . To;sf/0f b'O6f ;]gf / b'O6f ;Qf elgPsf] xf] . k'/fgf] ;Qf rflx+ /fhfsf] g]t[Tjdf 5, csf]{ gof" ;Qf xfd|f] g]t[Tjdf 5 . /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] hg;dy{g eP klg pxf"x¿;"u ;Qf 5}g . To;f] x'gfn] ltgsf] l:ylt cK7\of/f]df 5 . pgLx¿nfO{ ldq zlQmsf] ¿kdf lnPsf 5f}+ / jfO{kf; ug]{ of]hgf 5}g . ;+o'Qm eP/, /fhf;"u klg sltko s'/fdf ;+jfb u/L cufl8 hfp" eGg] xfd|f] cfu|x xf] .

) uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngn] ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg] lg0f{o u/]g eg] dfGg'x'G5 <

dfcf]jfbL eg]sf] Pp6f kf6L{ dfq} geO{ ax';+Vos hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj ul/;s]sf] kf6L{ xf], of] oyfy{ xf] . ;a} kIf ;lDdlnt uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngn] cu|ufdL lg0f{o g} u5{ eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 . xfdLn] dfGg]–gdfGg] eGg] k|Zg} cfp"b}g .

) jftf{ ;kmn x'G5 <

jftf{ ;kmn x'g'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] dfGotf xf] .

) ;ft jif{kl5 ;fj{hlgs x'"bf s:tf] cg'ej ePsf] 5 <

;ft jif{kl5 aflx/ cfp"bf d]/f] unf klg cj¿4 ePsf] 5 . ;ft jif{sf] cGt/fndf cfp"bf klg ;fyLx¿n] ;lDem/fVg'ePsf] 5 . o;n] efjljef]/ u/fPsf] 5 .

) /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿;"u ;xsfo{ x'G5 ls x'"b}g <

/fhgLlts kf6L{x¿;"u xfd|f] ;xsfo{ lglZrt ¿kdf x'G5 . lxhf] klg lyof], cfh klg 5, ef]ln klg /xg] 5 .

) jftf{ 6f]nLdf /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf] ;xeflutf /xg'k5{ ls kb}{g <

jftf{sf] qmddf nf}/f] pEofOlbP klg xfdLnfO{ cfklQ x'"b}g . t/, To:tf] JolQm x'g'k¥of] hf] clwsf/ k|fKt / lg0f{o ug{ ;Ifd x'g'k¥of] .

) jftf{sf] a]nf hg;]gfsf] ;xof]u s:tf] xf]nf <

-afbn_ jftf{sf] lg0ff{os k|Zg xf] of] . ;Qfsf] d]¿b08 eg]sf] ;]gf xf] . To;}sf] cfwf/df c¿ l6s]sf x'G5g\ . kf6L{n] nlrnf] x'g] eg]sf] a]nfdf ;]gf dfG5 ls dfGb}g eGg] k|Zg p7\5 . xfd|f] ;]gf s'g cfwf/df cfPsf] 5 / s'g cfwf/df of] kl/rflnt ePsf] 5 < ;]gfn] kf6L{nfO{ ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 ls kf6L{n] ;]gfnfO{ ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 < xfd|f] l;4fGt qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt xf] eGg] xfd|f] ljZjf; 5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ cg';f/ ;]gf rN5, ;]gfsf] cfb]z cg';f/ kf6L{ rNb}g . kf6L{ nlrnf] x'g'k5{ eG5 eg] xfd|f] ;]gf nlrnf] x'G5 / ca b[9 x'g'k5{ eG5 eg] b[9 x'G5 . o;y{ ;]gfsf] kf6L{nfO{ k"0f{ ;xof]u /xG5 .

;]gfn] hgtfsf] ;]jf ug]{ xf] . of] hgtfsf] clwgdf x'g'k5{ . hgk|ltlglwsf] clwgdf x'g'k5{ .

) tkfO{+x¿n] klg of] ;/sf/nfO{ k|ltudgsf/L eGg'ePsf] 5, c¿ bnx¿n] klg ;f]xL s'/f elg/fv]sf 5g\, k|ltudgsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ ;/sf/n] cu|udgtkm{sf] kl/0ffd lbg;S5 <

xfdLn] ;Qfsf] s'/f ul//fv]sf 5f}+ . xfdL k'/fgf] ;Qf;"u s'/f ug{ u}/fv]sf 5f}+ . Tof] ;Qfdf rfx] nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ a;"g\ of lul/hfafa' of dfwj g]kfn a;"g\, hf] a:5g\ ltgLx¿;"u xfdLn] jftf{ ug]{ xf] . cem 1fg]Gb| ;/sf/ cfkm}+ ToxL+ cfP/ a;] klg xfdL pg};"u jftf{ u5f}{+ .

) tkfO{+x¿sf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu rf}w ;fndf h:t} x'g] t xf]Og <

;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu b/af/ k/:t sDo'lgi6 / g]kfnL sf+u]|;n] 5f]8]sf x'g\ . o;sf] hjfkm klg pgLx¿n] g} lbg'k5{ . xfdLnfO{ t ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfWodaf6 dfq} hgtfdf c;nL ;Qf cfp"5 eGg] nfU5 .

) cfhsf] lgisif{ s] xf] <

g]kfnL ;dfh cu|udgsf] ;+3f/df 5 . o;nfO{ s;}n] /f]Sg ;Sb}g . h;n] /f]Sg vf]H5, Tof] Hjfnfd'vLd'lg wl;G5 .

8f= e§/fO{n] cbfntsf] cfb]z gdfGg]

sf7df8f}+ . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf k|r08 Pjd\ cGo jl/i7 g]tfx¿ 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{, /fdaxfb'/ yfkf -afbn_ nufotnfO{ &) lbgleq pkl:yt x'g k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gn] Dofb hf/L u/]sf] b'O{ ;ftfkl5 ;fj{hlgs ePsf g]tfx¿n] cbfntsf] cfb]z gdfGg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ .

k|f/lDes kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdfkm{t\ zlgaf/ ;fj{hlgs x'g'ePsf dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;+of]hs Pjd\ :yfoL sld6L ;b:o 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] jt{dfg ;+ljwfg Pjd\ sfg'g cfkm\gf] kf6L{n] gdfGg] x"'bf cfkm"nfO{ o;n] km/s gkfg]{ t/ ;/sf/L kIfnfO{ g}ltstfsf] cfwf/df d'2f vf/]h ug{ cfu|x ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lb"b} eGg'eof]– æxfdLdflysf] d'2f vf/]h ug'{;\, tkfO{+nfO{ g}lts ;+s6 k5{ eg]/ xfdLn] eg]sf 5f}+ .Æ 8f= e§/fO{n] d'2f lkmtf{ gln"bf ;/sf/nfO{ g} cK7]/f] kg]{ atfp"b} cufl8 yKg'eof]– æxfdL t of] ;+ljwfg / sfg'g g} dfGb}gf}+ .Æ

l;Gw'nLsf] ledfg Onfsf k|x/L rf}sL cfqmd0fdf k|ToIf÷ck|ToIf ¿kdf ;+nUg /x]sf] bfaL ub}{ bfo/ ul/Psf] d'2fdf k'g/fj]bg cbfnt, kf6gn] dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿nfO{ ;Q/L lbgleq cbfntdf pkl:yt x'g kmfu'g @* ut] cfb]z lbPsf] lyof] .

k'g/fj]bg ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{non] bfo/ u/]sf] ;f] d'2fdf dfcf]jfbLsf cGo g]tfx¿ zDe' 9'+ufgf / s'df/ bfxfnnufotsf g]tfx¿nfO{ klg cbfntn] Dofb hf/L u/]sf] lyof] .

lbg]z uf}td

kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf h] b]lvof]

— kqsf/ ;Dd]ng ul/Psf] jL/]Gb| cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|sf] klZrd åf/ aflx/ kqsf/x¿sf] eL8df k|x/Ln] hyfefjL nf7L rfh{ u¥of] .

— sf"wdf lel8of] Sofd]/f / xftdf k|];–kf; af]s]sfx¿nfO{ klg k|x/Ln] nf7L a;f{Psf] b]lvGYof] .

— nf7L rfh{ u/]kl5 eL8df y'k|} kqsf/ / Pshgf aRrf RoflkPsf lyP . ;8sdf h'Qf / rZdfx¿ v;]sf b]lvGy] .

— nf7L rfh{af6 jl/i7 kqsf/ w|'jxl/ clwsf/L, lxdfn kflIfssf lzj ufp"n], lxdfno 6fOD;sf kqsf/ gj/fh rfln;], vf]hkqsfl/tf s]Gb|sf tf]of bfxfnnufotsf kqsf/ 3fOt] ePsf lyP .

— nfdf] ;do;Dd nfOgdf a:bf klg leq k|j]z gu/fPkl5 cfqmf]lzt kqsf/x¿n] s]xLa]/ kqsf/ ;Dd]ng alxisf/ ug]{ eGb} gf/fjfhL u/]sf lyP .

— To;} ;dodf 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{sf efO lzjk|;fb e§/fO{ ;f] :yfgdf em'lNsPkl5 kqsf/x¿ / cGo dflg;x¿ …afa'/fd bfO † gd:sf/ ††Ú eGb} pgLk|lt e'mlDdPsf lyP .

— kqsf/ ;Dd]ngsf] lgwf{l/t ;doeGbf !% ldg]6 kl5 $ ah]/ !% ldg]6 hf"bf kqsf/x¿n] ;Dd]ng xnsf] klZrd 9f]sf k]n]/ v'Nnf ul/lbPkl5 ;f/f dflg; x\jf/ x\jf/tL ;Dd]ng s]Gb|leq bf}8]sf lyP .

— kqsf/ ;Dd]ng:yn aflx/ dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf tLg nfOg 5]sjf/ b]v]kl5 bf}8]/ x:ofªkm:ofª ub}{ k'u]sf kqsf/x¿ lg/fz ePsf b]lvGy] .

— kqsf/ ;Dd]ng :yndf 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{ ;lxtsf jftf{ 6f]nLdf kf"r ;b:ox¿ $ ah]/ $) ldg]6 hf"bf Pp6f sf/ / tLgj6f 6\ofS;Ldf r9]/ cfOk'u]sf lyP .

— pxf"x¿ cfp"bf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] …hgo'4 hf/L 5, hgu0ftGq g]kfn lhGbjfbÚ sf] gf/f nufPsf lyP .

— ;Dd]ng xnleq y'k|} u}/kqsf/ / gfgL af]s]sf xh'/cfdfx¿ ;d]t kqsf/;"u} a;]sf b]lvGy] .

— kqsf/ ;Dd]ngsf] cJojl:yttf b]v]/ kqsf/x¿ …kqsf/ ;Dd]ng klg Jojl:yt ¿kdf ug{ g;Sg]n] s] b]z rnfpnfg\ <Ú egL l6Kk0fL ul//x]sf lyP .

— kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf ! ;o @) hgf :jo+;]js v6fOPsf] lyof] .

— kqsf/x¿nfO{ leq hfgaf6 /f]ls/x]sf qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{sf cWoIf b]j]Gb| k/fh'nLnfO{ kqsf/x¿n] tkfO{+nfO{ …b]j]Gb| k/fh'nLÚ xfdLn] agfPsf] xf], s] km"lt{ u5f}{ < egL k|Zg ubf{ pgL gfhjfkm ePsf lyP .

— leq % ;o ;L6 Ifdtf ePsf] xndf sof}" ;L6x¿ vfnL b]lvGy] t/ aflx/ kqsf/x¿nfO{ k|j]z ug{ lbOPsf] lyPg .

— ;Dd]ng s]Gb|leq em'08 em'08 ¿kdf b]lvg] eL8x¿df s] s'/f eO/x]sf] 5 egL s]xL dflg; lrxfO/x]sf b]lvGy] .

— ;Dd]ng aflx/ t}gfy k|x/Lx¿ pT;fxljxLg b]lvGy] .

— kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf 8f=e§/fO{n] $ ah]/ $$ ldg]6 hf"bf …l9nf ePsf]df Ifdf rfxG5f}"Ú eGb} sfo{qmd ;'¿ ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pxf"n] jftf{ 6f]nLdf dlxnf k|ltlglwTj u/fpg g;s]sf]df klg Ifdf dfUg'eof] .

— 8f=e§/fO{n] ;ft jif{kl5 v'nf eP/ kqsf/x¿sf dfem af]Nbf cfkm\gf] unf ca¿4 ePsf] atfpg'eof] .

— kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf jftf{ 6f]nL ;b:o b]j u'¿ª, s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f / /fdaxfb'/ yfkf dft[sf ofbjsf] aLrdf a:g'ePsf] lyof] .

— kf"r hgf g]tfx¿sf k5fl8 kf"r hgf uf8{ -dfcf]jfbLs} zAbdf …:6fkmÚ_ plePsf lyP .

— kqsf/x¿sf y'k|} k|Zgaf6 8f=e§/fO{ klG5g vf]h]sf] cg'ej kqsf/x¿n] u/]sf lyP .

— 8f=e§/fO{n] ;z:q k|x/L dxflg/LIfs s[i0fdf]xgsf] xTof af/]sf] k|Zgdf t o:tf k|Zgn] jftf{ ljyf]Ng ;S5 eGb} kqsf/x¿nfO{ t;f{pg'ePsf] lyof] .

— sfo{qmddf 8f=e§/fO{ pQ]lht b]lvg'x'GYof] eg] af"sL ;b:ox¿ zfGt .

— s]xL ;do klxn] g} ;fj{hlgs ePsf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f eg] d';'d';' xf"l;/xg'ePsf] lyof] .

— kqsf/ ;Dd]ngkl5 lrof vf"b} kqsf/x¿ …gof" ;Qfsf] lrofÚ eGb} 7§f ul//x]sf lyP .

t'nf clwsf/L

d"Noj[l4n] hgtf cfxt

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . vf8Lo'4sf sf/0f k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ cefj x'G5 ls eg]/ ql;t g]kfnL gful/sx¿sf] lrGtfsf] kmfObf p7fO{ >L % sf] ;/sf/n] d+unaf/ k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df ef/L d"No j[l4 u/]sf] 5 . pBf]u jfl0fHo If]qsf] k|ltlglwTj ub}{ cfpg'ePsf pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqL dx]znfn k|wfg / ;:s[lt ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqL /ljeQm >]i7 dlGqkl/ifb\df /x"bf/x"b} cGo ljsNkdf Wofg} glbO{ ul/Psf] d"No j[l4n] pkef]Qmfsf] 9f8 t ;]s]s} 5 . olb dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/n] aflx¥ofsf ;+;bLo kf6L{x¿n] o;nfO{ Soflk6nfOh u/] eg] d"No j[l4 ;/sf/sf] cj;fgsf] sf/0f aGg ;Sg] ;Defjgf klg p:t} 5 .

g]kfn cfon lgudn] ef/tsf] cfO{=cf]=;L=af6 t]n Nofp"b} cfPsf]df Ps jif{;Dd lgudn] ;/sf/n] d"No j[l4 gubf{ d'gfkmf /sdaf6 wfGb} cfPsf] lyof] . t/, lgud;"u j}zfv dlxgfdf t]n Nofpg] /sd gePkl5 lgudn] ;/sf/;"u b'O{ xKtf cufl8 dfq Ps ca{ ¿k}of" dfu u/]sf] lyof] . pQm /sd dfu ubf{ Ol08og cfon skf]{/]zgn] ca pwf/f] t]n glbg] / af"sL klxnfsf] /sd () s/f]8 ;d]t l5§} e'QmfgL lbg cg'/f]w u/]sf] lyof] . o;/L cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf o'4 ePsf] a]nfdf t]nsf] xfxfsf/ ePdf emg\ ;+s6 pTkGg x'g] cj:yfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL /sd lbg g;s]kl5 Psf]xf]/f] ¿kdf ;/sf/n] d"Noj[l4 u/]sf] 5 . t/, d"Noj[l4 s]sf nflu eGg] s'/f ;/sf/L kIfn] clxn];Dd hgtfx¿nfO{ k|i6\ofpg g;Sbf ;/sf/ cfnf]lrt aGg k'u]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No k"j{ GofofwLz 6f]kaxfb'/ l;+xsf] cWoIftfdf ul7t ;ldltn] lbPsf] ;'emfj cg'¿k d"No lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] elgPsf] 5 . t/, 6f]kaxfb'/ l;x+n] lgudsf] l/kf]6{df ^( a'"bfsf] l/kf]6{ lbPsf] h;df Pp6f dfq a'"bf nufP/ abgfd u/fpg vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . To:t} l8n/ Pzf]l;P;gsf cWoIf x/]Gb|axfb'/ >]i7n] ;/sf/n] ;ldltsf] l/kf]6{nfO{ sfof{Gjog gu/]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf"sf cg';f/ clxn]sf] d"Noj[l4 ;/sf/sf] afWofTds kl/l:ylt xf] . o;n] lgudnfO{ tTsfn tLgj6f kmfObf u/fPsf] 5– t]n cfk"lt{sf] ;+s6 6/]sf], rf]/L lgsf;L lg¿T;flxt ePsf] / lgudnfO{ l9n} eP klg /fxt ldn]sf] 5 .

t/, lguddf ePsf] clgoldttf / r'xfj6 /f]syfd ug]{, s'kg l;:6dsf] c:ki6tf ls6fg ug]{ h:tf sfo{df rf;f] gb]vfOPsf] / ;ldltsf] l/kf]6{ k"0f{ ¿kdf ;fj{hlgs gu/]sf] cf/f]k >]i7n] nufP .

ptf cfon lgudsf k|jQmf pd]z bfxfnn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ clxn]sf] lgudsf] d"No j[l4af6 klg dfl;s !@ s/f]8 ¿k}of" lgudnfO{ 3f6f x'g hfg] atfP . o;eGbf cufl8 lgudnfO{ ^^ s/f]8 ¿k}of" k|lt dlxgf 3f6f x'"b} cfPsf] lyof] . t/, ca eg] cfon lgudnfO{ ;a}eGbf a9L Uof";df 3f6f ePsf] klg bfxfnn] atfP . bfxfnn] atfP cg';f/ k|lt l;ln08/ lgudnfO{ ! ;o (@ ¿k}of" 3f6f /x]sf] / l8h]ndf ¿= ! ¿k}of" 3f6f /x]sf] bfxfnn] atfP . ef/tdf k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No 7fp" / kl/l:ylt cg';f/ a]Un} 5 . t/, ef/tsf] x]bf{ k]6«f]n / l8h]nsf] d"No a]Unfa]Un} b]lvG5 . h:t} k]6«f]n snsQfdf k|ltln6/ %^ ¿k}of" % k};f kg]{ u/]sf] 5 eg] db|f;df %* ¿k}of" % k};f, d'DaO{df ^! ¿k}of" *) k};f kg]{ u/]sf] 5 . To:t} l8h]n snsQfdf #% ¿k}of" ^% k};f, db|f;df #* ¿k}of" ** k};f / aDa}df $$ ¿k}of" ^% k};f k5{ . To:t} d§Lt]nsf] d"Nodf klg Ps¿ktf kfOGg . t/, ef/tdf t]nsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ cGo kf"rj6f lghL sDkgLx¿ x'"bf s]xL ;:tf] kfOg] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf eg] Psflwsf/ k|fKt cfon lgudn] slDkl6;g ug'{ gkbf{ clgoldttf a9L ePsf] GofofwLz 6f]kaxfb'/ l;+x atfpg'x'G5 . clxn] g]kfn cfon lgudn] /S;f}n, l;nu8L, kmf/d];u~h, a/}nL, cnfO{, uf]/vk'/, sfgk'/ / aGy/faf6 leœofpg] u/]sf] 5 .

clxn]sf] d"No j[l4 kl5sf] lgudsf] 3f6fnfO{ eg] lgudleqsf] r'xfj6 / clgoldttf /f]Sg ;s]df ;d:ofsf] lg/fs/0f x'g] ts{ l;+x / >]i7 b'j}sf] 5 . To:t} cGt/f{li6«o ahf/sf] dfkb08 cg'¿k g} d"Nosf] ;dfof]hg ug'{kg]{ ts{ pgLx¿sf] 5 . l;+xn] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgdf kxf8L lhNnfx¿df ;d]t t]nsf] d"Nodf Ps¿ktf x'g'kg]{ s'/f n]lvPsf] 5 . x/]Gb|axfb'/ >]i7n] eg] pQm l/kf]6{ l5§} ;fj{hlgs ug'{ x'g] ePsf] 5 . cfon lgudsf] of] d"No /lx/x]df lgudn] ! jif{df 3f6f k'tf{n u/L ;Sg] 5 eg] xfn Ps dlxgf;Ddsf] nflu t]n :6s /fVg;Sg] Ifdtf lgud;"u 5 .

d"Noj[l4 lj¿4 ;+o'Qm ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng

sf7df8f}+ . ;ftj6f lhDd]jf/ ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿n] xfn} k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df ul/Psf] d"Noj[l4 lkmtf{ lng /fhfnfO{ r}q @) ut]sf] clN6d]6d lbPsf 5g\ . æcToGt} u}/lhDd]jf/ 9+un] ul/Psf] o; d"No j[l4n] ;du| ahf/nfO{ g} k|efj kfg]{ ePsf]n] ;f] ;do ;Ldfleq d"No j[l4 lkmtf{ gug]{ xf] eg] xfdL ;8s cfGbf]ngdf pqg] 5f}+ .Æ g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf dxfdGqL uugaxfb'/ yfkfn] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfpg'eof] .

;ft ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] z'qmaf/ /Tgkfs{df ;8s kqsf/ ;Dd]ng Pjd\ cNk ;dosf] rSsfhfd u/]sf lyP .

)#^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ng h:t} o;k6ssf] cfGbf]ng klg /fHo kIflj¿4 vlgg ;Sg] ;Defjgf clws /x]sf] atfp"b} dxfdGqL yfkf lgisif{df gk'uL cfGbf]ng g/f]lsg] atfpg'x'G5 . cfufdL j}zfv !) ut] :jljo' lgjf{rgsf] tof/Ldf h'6]sf ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿ ;f] ldlt cufj} ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿ kl/0ffddf k'Ug b[9 ePsf] cg]/f:jljo'sf pkfWoIf eQm u'¿ª atfpg'x'G5 . ;ft ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿n] to u/] cg';f/ r}q @) ut];Dd k|rf/fTds sfo{qmd -krf{ ljt/0f / kf]i6l/ª_, @! ut] SofDk;x¿df b]zJofkL d;fn h'n';, @@ ut] pkTosfleq ;/sf/L uf8L u'8\g glbg], r}q @# ut] lbp";f] @ ah] clw/fHoel/ l/Qf l;ln08/ / Uofn]gsf] h'n';, r}q @% ut] b]zJofkL cfwf 306f rSsf hfd / r}q @& ut] cfon lgud s]Gb|Lo sfof{no 3]/fp ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 . r}q @& ut];Dd klg dfu k"/f ePg eg] pkTosf / g]kfn aGbsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;d]t ug]{ ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .

pQm g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ ;dly{t ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] cfh cfOtaf/ lq–rGb|af6 d"No lj/f]wL h'n'; PSn} lgsfNg] hgfPsf] 5 .

;lrjx¿sf] kbfjlw ;ft jif]{ x'g] g} eof]

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . d'Vo ;lrj ljdnk|;fb sf]O/fnfb]lv lnP/ jl/i7 ;lrjx¿sf] lj/f]w /x"bf/x"b} rGb ;/sf/s} kfnfdf ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kbfjlw b'O{jif{ a9fpg] u/L lghfdtL ;]jf P]g ;+zf]wgsf] k|of; ;fsf/ x'g] 5f"6sf"6 b]lvPsf] 5 . pRr ;"qx¿n] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ cfufdL ljxLaf/sf] Soflag]6df o;;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] 6'+uf] nufOg] 5 . ;Da4 ;|f]tsf cg';f/ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqL /d]zgfy kf08] / d'Vo ;lrj 8f= ljdnk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] k|lti7fsf] ljifo ag]sf] of] P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ k|lqmof k'¥ofpg dGqLn] Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}+s, zf;sLo sfo{qmd tyf Ps csf]{ bft[ ;+:yfsf] ;d"xnfO{ kbfjlw yKbf pko'Qm x'g] s'/fdf ;xdt u/fpg'ePsf] 5 . cl3Nnf]k6s Sofljg]6af6 7f8f] ;+zf]wg k|:tfj n}hf"bf ljjfb cfPkl5 ;/sf/n] o;k6s nf]s;]jf cfof]u k/fdz{ ;d]t lnP/ k|lqmof k'¥ofpg] ePsf] 5 . ;"qsf cg';f/ ;/sf/n] ef]ln ;+zf]wg d:of}bf nf]s;]jf cfof]u;"u k/fdz{sf nflu k7fp"b}5 . s]xL gnfu]df nf]s;]jf cfof]unfO{ ;d]t ;xdlt lbgsf nflu bafa lbOg] ePsf] ;|f]t ;"qn] atfof] . olb nf]s;]jf cfof]un] ;xdlt glbPsf] v08df klg 7f8f] ;+zf]wg k|:tfj NofP/ P]g kfl/t ug{ sfg'g Gofo tyf ;+;bLo Joj:yf ;lrj pbo g]kfnL >]i7, ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;lrj / k|wfgdGqLsf ;Nnfxsf/x¿n] dGqLx¿nfO{ ;'emfj lb"b}+ cfPsf 5g\ . cfof]usf k|d'v a]u/ ;/sf/n] ;+zf]wg u/]df cfof]un] b/af/ k7fpg] jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf k|zf;sLo a]¿h' clgoldttf ePsf] hfgsf/L lbg] ePsf] 5 .

s] 5 ;+zf]wgdf <

df3sf] klxnf] ;ftfdf dfq lghfdtL ;]jfdf ug}{kg{] ;'wf/sf af/]df ;lrjx¿sf] Ps ;ldltn] !% k]h nfdf] k|ltj]bg tof/ kf/L ;lrj :t/df dfq 5nkmnsf nflu ljt/0f u/]sf] lyof] . pQm ljtl/t k|ltj]bgdf k|zf;gnfO{ :jR5, lgikIf, bIf / sd{k|lt ;dlk{t u/fpg'sf ;fy} dgf]an pRr, ;jn / ;'b[9 /fVgsf nflu P]gdf ;fdlos ;'wf/ ug'{k/]sf] Joxf]/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . clxn] ToxL l/kf]6{nfO{ ;'wf/ u/L k'gM ;+zf]wgdf Nofpg nfluPsf] 5 .

pRr kb:y sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;]jf cjlw @ jif{ yk ug'{kg]{, pd]/sf] xb a9Ldf @ jif{ a9fpg'kg]{, a9'jf / ;¿jf;DaGwL k|fjwfgnfO{ bl/nf] kfg'{kg]{, ;x–;lrj / cGo ;lrj txsf] v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfaf6 x'g] a9'jf x6fO{ cGt/lqmofTds k|ltof]lutfnfO{ hf]8 lbg] k|:tfjx¿ ;]jfdf ;dfj]z x'g] ePsf 5g\ .

P]g ;+zf]wg ePkl5 ;lrj ge}sg lgj[Q x'g cf"6]sf, Dofb ;lsg nfu]sf cfz] sd{rf/Lx¿ nfeflGjt x'g]5g\ eg] pT;fxL / pmhf{zLn o'jf sd{rf/Lx¿ eg] kbfjlw / pd]/ 9Ns]sf sd{rf/LnfO{ /fv]/ gof" pT;fxnfO{ /f]Sg vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nufpg yfn]sf 5g\ .

To;f] t lghfdtL ;]jf P]g o;eGbf cufl8 @)$( ;fndf d'Vo ;lrj tLy{dfg zfSosf kfnfdf / csf{ d'Vo ;lrj s]zj/fh /fhe08f/Lsf] sfo{sfndf klg ;+zf]wg ug]{ k|oTg ul/Psf] lyof], t/ kl/l:ylt pxf"x¿sf] cg's"n gx'"bf P]g ;+zf]wg x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . clxn] ;+zf]wg x'g nfu]sf a'"bfx¿df csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ s'/f t s] 5 eg] lghfdtL P]gdf cfGtl/s a9'jf ubf{ xfn sfod /x]sf] z}lIfs of]UotfnfO{ !%, ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/]sf] cg''ejjfkt\ !%, sfo{bIftf $) / h]i7tf @* gDa/ lbg] k|fjwfgnfO{ ;d]t kl/jt{g ul/g] ePsf] 5 . ;Da4 ;"qn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ z}lIfs of]UotfnfO{ d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/af6 x6fpg vf]lhPsf] 5 . sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] $), ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/]sf] #) / h]i7tfsf] #) gDa/ /fv]/ ;+zf]wg k|:tfj kfl/t ug]{ tof/L ul/Psf] 5 .

P]g ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ / ug{ gkg]{ u/L b'O{ efudf ljeflht sd{rf/Lx¿sf] cf–cfkm\g} c8fg clxn] klg oyfjt\ ¿kdf b]vfk/]sf] 5 . ;+zf]wg ug]{ kIfx¿n] ;+zf]wg ug}{kg]{ ts{ /fVb} eg]sf 5g\, æ/fHon] bf]xf]/f] cfly{s ef/ v]Kg' k/]sf]n] ;]jf cjlw / pd]/sf] xb a9fpg'kg]{ 5 .Æ clxn] %* jif{ pd]/ k'u]kl5 :jtM cjsfz x'g] k|fjwfg eP klg cjsfz ubf{ P]g cg'¿k yk @ jif{ ;]jf cjlw hf]8L % jif{ k'¥ofP/ k]g;g lbg] k|fjwfg 5 . t/, ;f]xL sd{rf/LnfO{ ^) jif{;Ddsf] pd]/ xb ls6fg u/L ;]jf cjlwdf a:g lbPdf /fHonfO{ sd cfly{s ef/ kg]{ 5 . cg'ej k|fKtn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg /fd|/L ug{ ;Sg], To:t} ljb]znufot blIf0f Pl;ofdf ;d]t ^) jif{sf] k|fjwfg ePsf] ts{ pgLx¿sf] 5 . t/ csf]{ kIfsf] ts{ eg] cf]N8 Oh uf]N8s} cjwf/0ff Nofpg] xf] eg] gof" pmhf{ af]s]sf o'js sd{rf/Lx¿sf] dgf]an lug]{, a]/f]huf/L a9\g] / pknlAwdf sdL cfpg'sf ;fy} k|lt:kwf{df ljZj;fd' hfg ufx|f]kg]{ 5 .

stf/ / zfg]jflgsf] æsf]8 ;]ol/ªÆ

sf7df8f}+ . b'O{ lbgsf] cGt/df dn]l;ofsf] SjfnfnDk'/sf] ;d'b\3f6g p8fg ug{ cu|;/ zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgud / stf/ Po/j]haLr pQm ;]S6/ / p8fgdf …sf]8 ;]ol/ªÚ x'g] ePsf] 5 .

æof] gof" k4ltn] b'j} ;+:yfnfO{ nfe k'U5 .Æ lgudsf ;+rfns tyf ko{6g Joj;foL cfª\l5l/ª z]kf{n] eGg'eof] . vf;u/L s'g} Ps Po/nfOgsf] p8fg :ylut jf /2 eof] eg] jf yf]/} ofq' eP klg 3f6f ;x]/ p8fg ug'{kg]{ cj:yfdf o:tf] k4ltn] b'j}nfO{ ;3fp"5 . csf]{ Po/nfOgsf ofq' cf];f/]/ ;DalGwt Po/nfOgn] 3f6f p8fg x'g kfpg] 5}g eg] h;sf] ljdfg p8]g / cfkm\gf Kof;]Gh/ csf{]df k7fof], To;n] klg l6s6sf] /sdsf] lglZrt /sd kfp"5 . p8fg g} gu/L k};f cfp"5 .

zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudn] l6s6 laqm]tfx¿af6 e'QmfgL lng ePsf] l9nfO / 8'a]sf] /sd lkmtf{ ug{sf nflu klg :yfoL k|aGw ug{ nfu]sf] 5 . lgudsf] pRr Joj:yfkgn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ ca l5§} laN; ;]6nd]G6 k|f]u|fd -aL=P;=kL=_ nfu" x'g] 5 . of] k|f]ufd nfu" ePkl5 lgudsf l6s6 a]Rg] / a]Rg rfxg] ;a} Ph]G6x¿ cGt/f{li6«o gful/s p88\og ;+u7gsf] aL=P;=kL= ;b:o aGg'kg]{ 5 . ;b:o aGg w/f}6L /fVg'k5{ . pgLx¿n] cfkm"n] l6s6 a]Rg] s'g} Po/nfOgsf] /sd ;dodf jf kl5 klg r'Qmf u/]gg\ eg] ltgLx¿ sfnf] ;"rLdf r9\5g\, ltgn] c¿sf] sfd ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ . t/, l6s6 a]Rg lbg] Po/nfOgsf] /sd eg] 8'Ag] 5}g lsgls c¿ ;+u7gn] l6s6 a]Rg] Ph]G;Lx¿sf] z'Ns aLdf u/fPsf] x'G5 / To;af6 Iflt Joxf]l/lbg] 5 .

/fhgLlts ;xeflutf / cfly{s cj;/ ljgf ljb|f]x /f]lsGg

ljgf]bljqmd l;hfklt

z/0ffyL{ ;DaGwL pRr cfof]udf sfo{/t /x"bf >Ln+sfsf] bL3{sfnLg u[xo'4nfO{ glhsaf6 lgofNg'ePsf ljgf]bljqmd l;hfklt xfn} sf7df8f}" cfpg'ePsf] lyof] . g]kfndf rn]sf] cft+sk"0f{ ljb|f]x, cf/De ePsf] zflGt jftf{ / bL3{sfnLg zflGt :yfkgfsf] ljifodf b]zfGt/n] pxf";"u lh1f;f /fVof]–

) s] zflGt jftf{ ;kmn xf]nf <

xf]nf gxf]nf eGbf klg o;nfO{ ;kmn kfg'{kg]{ cfjZostf 5 .

) aflx/af6 x]bf{ dfcf]jfbLx¿ jftf{df lsg cfP h:tf b]lvG5g\ <

dfcf]jfbLx¿ lsg h+un k:g] lgwf] u/] < To;sf ljleGg sf/0fx¿ xf]nfg\ t/ x]bf{ s] b]lvG5 eg] olb zfGt g} eof] eg] klg s] ug]{ < pgLx¿n] Tof] ljlwsf] ;+u7g agfO;s]sf /x]5g\ . ltgLx¿nfO{ sxf" nUg], s'g sfddf nufpg], vf; dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] d'2f s] t < s]k|lt nlIft 5 < zflGtk"0f{ jftfj/0f agfpg'kg]{ xf] / ljsf;sf] af6f]df nfUg'kg]{ xf] jf s] xf] < pxf"x¿ lk; k|f];];df t cfpg'eof] t/ pxf"x¿ cfkm}+nfO{ yfxf 5}g ls cfkm\gf] uGtJo:yn s] xf] t < csf]{tkm{, clxn] cGt/f{li6«o jftfj/0f cToGt} pgLx¿sf] lvnfkmdf uof], ;fdflhs ;+/rgf, pgLx¿af6 ePsf cfqmd0f, JolQmxTof h:tf s];n] logLx¿ ;fdflhs ¿kdf g} cnf]slk|o aGg yfn] / logLx¿nfO{ aGb's af]s]sf] cj:yfdf g} ultljlw cufl8 ;+rfng ug{ emg\ sl7g x'g yfNof], ;}lgs zlQm emg\ alnof] x'"b} uof] . k|x/Lx¿ ;+ul7t ¿kdf cufl8 a9\g yfn]sf] a]nfdf logLx¿n] ;donfO{ a'em] . gof" /fhf, gof" /fhgLlts l:ylt / ;do a'em]/ g} pgLx¿ jftf{df cfPsf x'g\ .

) ;}lgsLs/0f, cGt/f{li6«o ¿kdf cft+sjfblj¿4 x'g;Sg] cfqmd0f h:tf k|lts"n l:ylt /f]Sg /fhgLlts ¿kdf dfq} cfPsf x'g\ ls <

;}lgs sf/jfxL ;'¿ ul/;s]kl5 logLx¿nfO{ cK7\of/f] cfPsf] lyof] . xf], pgLx¿n] cfkm\gf] Sof8/x¿nfO{ klg a9fpg ;Sy], t/ slt;Dd a9fpg] olsg lyPg . To;df klg xfd|f] h:tf] ef}lts ;'ljwf ;DkGg gePsf] d'n'sdf Ps 7fp"af6 csf]{ 7fp"df hfgsf nflu cToGt} ufx|f] x'G5 . ;do a9L nfU5, To;df klg ef/t / rLg b'j} d'n's logLx¿sf] lj¿4df ePsf]n] logLx¿n] jftf{ ug{ cfjZos lyof], jftf{df a;f+} eGg], slt;Dd ;}lgs Sof8/ a9fpg], ultljlw h:t} a}+s n'6], t/ slt;Dd a}+s n'6\g], cfh t a}+s n'6\5g\, sfuh RofT5g\ ef]ln sxf" hfg] . To:t}, cfof]hgfsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] ;/sf/ olb pgLx¿sf] l:ylt lalu|Psf] eP pgLx¿k|lt em'Sg'kg]{ afWotf ;/sf/nfO{ /xGYof] / <

;/sf/ / gof" /fhfsf] afWotf xf] . ;/sf/n] klg h;/L x'G5 hgtfsf efjgfx¿nfO{ sb/ ub}{ dfcf]jfbLx¿;"u o'4lj/fdsf] :jLsf/ ug{{'kg]{ cj:yf lyof] . h;nfO{ /fi6«k|lt ddtf 5, To;sf nflu t of] n8fO" kmh'n n8fO" lyof] . ha hgtfn] zflGtsf] l:ylt rfx]sf 5g\, To;n] ubf{ of] efjgfsf] sb/ ug{' ;/sf/sf] Pp6f Dof08]6 klg x'g] 5 . /fhgLlt klg nlrnf] ¿kdf cufl8 a9\g] ef] . o;n] ubf{ b'j}sf nflu o:tf] jftfj/0f cfOnfUof] . hgtfsf] zflGtsf] rfxgf sb/ ug]{ cj:yf ;[hgf ePsfn] b'j}nfO{ of] cj:yf cToGt} ;'xfp"bf] eof] .

) >Ln+sfdf hgljd'lQm k]/]d'gfsf] ljb|f]x lyof] . ltgLx¿ d"nwf/df cfP, t/ tldn ;d:of b]lvof], g]kfndf klg To:t} t x'"b}g <

dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg eof] eg] hftLo ;d:of, afx'g, If]qLn] s] u5{g\ eg] g]jf/x¿sf] ;f];fO6Ldf h'g efjgf 5 To;n] g/fd|f] cj:yfdf k'¥ofpg;S5 . To:t} t/fO{lt/ dw]zLx¿sf] ls/f"t d'lQm df]rf{, lnDa'jfg d'lQm df]rf{, td'jfg, s0ff{nL d'lQm df]rf{ h:tf ljleGg hftLo / If]qLo df]rf{x¿n] g/fd|f] cj:yf ;[hgf ug{ ;S5g\ ;dfhdf . dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu clxn] lk;km'n k|f];];sf] h'g ¿kdf nfluPsf] 5, o;n] ;xL ¿k lnPg eg] ef]lnsf] cj:yfdf c¿ df]rf{x¿ klg p7\g ;Sg] ;Defjgf /xG5 . s'g} hflt cufl8, s'g} hflt k5fl8 agfPsf] v08df ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g g;Sg] ;Defjgf a9L 5 . To;}n] lk;km'n k|f];];df ;a} hfltx¿sf] efjgfnfO{ ;d]6]/ cufl8 a9\g ;Sg'k5{ .

t/, >Ln+sfsf] h]eLkL / ln§]sf] ;d:of cnu xf] . tldnx¿sf] ljb|f]x ;'¿ eof] !(%) df . pgLx¿n] clxn] k[ystfjfbL cfGbf]ng g} ;'¿ u/] . h]eLkLsf] ljb|f]x gS;fnjfbLsf] h;/L ;'¿ eof] . pgLx¿n] ljb|f]x u/] . t/ kl5 r'gfjdf hf"bf pgLx¿n] g/fd|f];"u k/fho Joxf]g'{k¥of] . logLx¿sf] l:ylt klg ToxL x'g;S5 . hgtfn] zflGt lj/f]wL, lx+;fk|]dL JolQmnfO{ dg k/fpg ef]ln hgtfn] r'gfjdf x/fP eg] logLx¿dWo]sf s]xLx¿n] cj;/ gkfPsf] v08df k'gM k|r08 afa'/fdsf] ;f6f] c¿ g} s'g} JolQmnfO{ cufl8 a9fP/ cfGbf]ngdf pqg ;S5g\ .

ljZjJofkLs/0fsf] of] o'udf s'g} klg /fhgLlts ;d:of aGb's af]s]/ ;dfwfg x'G5 eGg] cj:yf 5}g . t/, cfO{=cf/=P= h:t} cfqmfds eP/ gof" u|'k lg:sg ;S5 . otftkm{ klg Wofg lbg'k5{ lsgeg] ltgLx¿sf] nflu klg ;f]Rg'k5{ . ltgLx¿nfO{ ljsf;df s;/L nufpg ;lsG5 < ltgLx¿nfO{ r'gfjdf Nofpg] ls gNofpg] eGbf klg ljsf;sf] k|ltkmn slt kfp"5g\ eGg]tkm{ ;f]Rg'k5{ . klxnf] r/0fdf zflGt :yfkgf eGg], bf];|f] r/0fdf ar]sf] zlQmnfO{ b]zsf] ;du|sf] pTyfgsf nflu pkof]u ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . dfG5]x¿ lhp Hofg cfx'lt lbP/ lx"8\g yfn]sf 5g\ . Tof] lx"8]sf] sf/0fnfO{ xfdLx¿n] clxn]b]lv g} kQf nufP/ cufl8 a9\g'k5{ .

csf]{ kIf eg]sf] bL3{sfnLg zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfg xf] . h;sf nflu xfd|f ;|f]t / ;fwgx¿ k|of]u ug'{k5{ . klxnfsf of]hgfx¿df of]hgfx¿ eP t/ sfof{Gjog eg] ePgg\ . h:t} cfkm\gf] ufp" cfkm}+ agfp", :jfjnDag sfo{qmd ;'¿ eP t/ tL sfo{qmdx¿ hgtfsf dfemdf eg] k'Ug ;s]gg\ . o'jf lk+9Lx¿n] tL sfo{qmdx¿k|lt dxTj lbPgg\ . h;n] ubf{ tL sfo{x¿x¿n] ufp"–ufp"sf afl;Gbfx¿nfO{ cfslif{t ug{ ;s]g .

) !* c;f]hkl5 t of] cfGbf]ngsf] pb\ud / lgzfgf cs}{ /x]5 eGg] k|i6 ePg / <

dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf] p2]Zo lzlIft a]/f]huf/L ;d:of, ef]ln ltgLx¿nfO{ o:tf] sfo{qmd cfp"5 eg]/ ;/sf/n] eGg / lbg g;Sg' h:tf sf/0fn] of] cfGbf]ng a9]sf] xf] . xfdLx¿n] of] a]/f]huf/L zlQmnfO{ ljsf;df nufpg ;Sg'k5{ . h:t} s[lifdf ljsf;, u|fdL0f pBf]usf] ljsf; ug]{ h:tf sfd ePdf o'jf hgzlQm To;tkm{ nfUg] 5 . yfOn}08df klg o:tf] ePsf] lyof] . h+un k;]sfx¿ klg ljsf;df cfPsf lyP . o'jf lk+9Ln] /f]uhf/ kfof] / eljiosf] af6f] b]Vof] eg] cufl8 a9\bf] /x]5 . ;xL af6f] eg]sf] o'jf lk+9Lsf] /f]huf/Lsf] af6f] xf] . /f]huf/Lsf] af6f]tkm{ xfdLx¿ gnfUg] xf] eg] csf]{ s'g} dfcf]jfbL eP/ lg:sg ;S5 .

) xfd|f ;|f]t–;fwgn] ltgsf] cf+sfIff k"/f ug{ ;Dej 5 <

olb ljsf;sf] ult a9\of] eg] x'g;S5 . lul/hfafa' klxnf]rf]l6 k|wfgdGqL x'"bf kf"r÷;ft k|ltzt a9]sf] lyof] . Tof] a9]sf] u|f]yaf6 lk5l8Psf ju{x¿df af8\g ;s] x'g;S5 . klZdgfnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] u|fdL0f pBf]u rnfpg cTofjZos 5 . s[lifdf cfwfl/t, hg;+Vof cfwfl/t x'g ltgLx¿sf] ;+Vof 36fp"b} hfg'k¥of] . Tof] ;d:ofnfO{ 36fp"b} hf"bf klg ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf 5 . ljleGg lsl;dsf gof" j:t'x¿ ljsl;t tj/af6 nufpg'kg]{, h:t} cd]l/sf–a]nfotsf ;fgf ls;fgn] ckgfPsf] ljlw xfd|f]df 7"nf ls;fgx¿n] nfu" ug{ ;S5g\ . To:t} aflx/L ahf/df s]sf] dfu 5, To;sf] dfu cg';f/sf ;fdfgx¿ pTkfbg ug{ ;Sg'k¥of] . km"nsf] aLpnufot ljleGg lsl;dsf s[lif ;fdfu|Ltkm{ Ps ju{nfO{ nufpg ;lsG5 . sd;]sd Pp6f r/0fdf t pgLx¿sf] cfly{s l:ylt a9\5 . To;n] ubf{ kl5sf] h]g]/]zg To;tkm{ cfslif{t x'g;S5 . o;n] ubf{ pgLx¿df d'gfkmf cfp"5 . h] hlt sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng eP To;tkm{ Tof] k':tfn] rf;f] /fVg ;S5 . /fhgLlts ;xeflutf / cfly{s cj;/n] ljb|f]xsf] ;+efjgf cGTo u/fp"5 .

) lk; k|f];]; ;kmn eof], pgLx¿ klg cfP, r'gfj klg eof] . %÷& dlxgfdf sfd lbg ;s]g eg] s] x'G5 <

xfdL;"u d'VotM tLgj6f ;|f]tx¿ 5g\ . Pp6f hgzlQm, csf]{ kfgL / s[lif . clxn];Dd ljZjn] g]kfnLx¿nfO{ OdfGbf/, ;f]emf], cg'zfl;t ¿kdf lnb}+ cfPsf] 5 . To;sf] dfu c;Lldt 5 . k};f x'g]x¿n] sfd cfkm" ug{ rfxb}+gg\ . pgLx¿n] gug]{ sfd xfd|f] hgzlQmnfO{ u/fp"bf x'G5 . o'/f]k–cd]l/sf, vf8L hxf" klg xfd|f] dfu a9\g ;S5 . csf{] xf], kfgLsf] ;b'kof]u ug{ ;Sg'k¥of] . xfdLn] kfgLnfO{ ljB'tsf] ¿kdf dfq x]¥of}+ . kfgLsf] ¿kdf k|of]u u/]s} 5}gf}+ . ca Tof] lbg w]/} 6f9f 5}g . xfdL kfgLnfO{ kfgLs} ¿kdf a]Rg ;S5f}+ . s[lifdf xfdLn] k/Dk/fut lgjf{xd'vL k|0ffnL 5f]8]/ Joj;foLs/0f u/]s} 5}gf}" . Joj;foLs/0fdf hfgf;fy dfG5]n] a9L pTkfbg u5{ . a9L cfocfh{g u5{ .

) clxn] h]]eLkL 5}g, tldnsf] dfq} rrf{ 5 lsg <

h]eLkL rflx+ sNr/n /]e'n];gaf6 pTkGg ePsf] ;fgf] o'jf ;d"x h'g d'VotM l;+xfnLx¿n] ;'¿ u/]sf] cfGbf]ng xf] . Pn6L6Lsf] d'ed]06 tldnx¿n] ha cfkm"n] ;f]r]sf] :jfoQtf kfPgg\, To;kl5 ;'¿ u/]sf] d'ed]06 xf] . tldnx¿n] klxnf aGb's af]s]/ lx+8]sf lyPgg\ . klxnf zflGtsf] jftfj/0faf6 ul//x]sf lyP, ha zflGtaf6 ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] af6f] b]vf k/]g ta l;+xfnLx¿ Hofb} /]l8sn x'"b} uP . tldnx¿nfO{ bdg ub}{ uP . Tof] l:ylt cfpg yfn]kl5 clg dfq tldnn] aGb's af]Sg yfn]sf] xf] . tldnsf] g]t[Tj Tolt ;jn klg 5}g . k|efs/0f cfk}m+ lzlIft 5}gg\ . Tof] ;d"xn] Snf; :6unsf] gf/f lbP/ r]Uj]ef/fsf] dfpT;]t'ªsf] 6]slgs ckgfP . To;kl5 km]l/ ToxL dfG5]n] r'gfj n8\of], xf¥of] . To; kl5 e"ldut eof] . km]l/ p;n] ;+u7g u¥of] . kl5 logLx¿ k'gM g]:gflni6 gf/fdf cfPsf 5g\ . n8fO" rflx+ :jtGqtfsf nflu dfq xf] eg]sf 5g\ .

) tkfO{+sf] b[li6sf]0fdf tldnn] rflx+ :yfgLo :jfoQtf kfof] / To;sf] k|efs/0f cfkm}+ k|d'v eP eg] rnfpg ;Sb}gg\ <

To;kl5 rflx+ csf]{ r/0f ;'¿ x'G5 . To;kl5 /fhg}lts :jtGqtf x'G5 . ltgLx¿n] :jtGq ¿kdf k|hftflGqs kf6L{x¿ agfpg yfN5g\ . k9]n]v]sf sd JolQmx¿n] dfq aGb'ssf] ;dy{g u5{g\ . tldnnfO{ s] ljZjf; eof] eg] Pn=6L=6L=n] pgLx¿sf] lxtsf] ;+/If0f u5{ eGg] . h;n] ubf{ s;}sf] afa'cfdfnfO{ Pn=6L=6L= n] df/]sf] eP klg 5f]/f5f]/Ln] Pn=6L=6L=nfO{ ;dy{g u/], lsgls Tof] ePsf] eP l;+xfnLn] xfdLnfO{ dfb{Yof] eGg] k¥of] . Tof] pgLx¿sf] /fli6«o lrgf/Lsf] ¿kdf lyof] . ljb]zdf uPsf ^ nfv hlt >Ln+sfnLx¿n] Pn=6L=6L=nfO{ lg/Gt/ ;xof]u u/] . pgLx¿ Tof] ;d:ofnfO{ aNemfpg rfxG5g\ . lsgls ;d:of ;lN6P ltgLx¿ :jb]z kms{g' k5{ . o'/f]k cd]l/sf, z/0ffyL{ ePsfx¿, ToxL+sf] hLjgz}nLdf af"r], clxn] Tof] 5f]8\g rfxGgg\ . pgLx¿n] /sd lbG5g\, h'g /sdaf6 aGb's lsGg ;S5 / ;/sf/;"u o'4 ug{ ;kmn ePsf 5g\, t/ xfdLx¿ sxf" Tof] cj:yf cfpg ;Sb}g . xfdLx¿ sxf"af6 ef/t hf"bf z/0ffyL{ x'"b}g . rLg ;Ldf gf3]/ hfg] cj:yf klg 5}g . z/0ffyL{ eP/ o'/f]lkog d'n'sx¿df hfg klg Tolt ;Dej ePg . ef]ln dfcf]jfbLsf] Ps u'6n] a}+s n'6\g] h:tf sfo{ u/]df Ps lsl;dsf] jf/ Osf]gf]dL x'g yfN5 . Tof] ePdf ;d:of cem a9L x'ghfG5 .

) hg;xeflutf, ljs]Gb|Ls/0f h:tf s'/fdf t xfdLn] !@ jif{df 7Ls} af6f] ;dft]sf /}’5f}+ t <

a/fa/ /fhg}lts ;xeflutf ;Dej 5 . ljs]Gb|Ls/0f k|f];];nfO{ ufp"df k'¥ofOof] eg] h;sf] cfsf+Iff dfly hfg]5, Tof] dfly hfG5 / hf] rfxb}+g Tof] 3/df g} a;]/ ;dfhn] pTkfbg u/]sf] lrh kfp"5 . To;df hftLotf eGg] s'/f cfp"b}g .

xfdLn] ;xL l;4fGt nfu" ug{ ;lsG5 ls ;lsb}+g eGg' eGbf klg k|To]s hgtfx¿nfO{ !@ jif{df xfdLx¿n] eljiosf] Uof/]06L ug{ ;Sg] vfnsf of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿ nfu" ug{ ;s]gf}+, h;sf] sf/0f dfcf]jfbL k}bf eP . klxnf k~rfotsf] sf/0fn] ePsf lyP . k|hftGqsf] dd{ cg';f/sf] sfd ufp"df a:g]x¿n] a'em\g ;Sg] vfnsf ePgg\ . aGb's af]Sg] k|lqmof / k|hftflGqs k|lqmof km/s 5 . aGb's af]Sg cfpg] cj:yf lbg' ePg . ljsf;sf] s]xL g s]xL k|ltkmn kfpg] l:ylt ef]u ug{ kfPsf] eP of] cj:yf cfpg] lyPg . xfdLx¿sf] s:tf] cfTdLotf 5 ljb]zdf e]6 eof] eg] Toxf" g]kfnL xf}" eg]/ glhlsG5f}" .

cd]l/sgx¿ cd]l/sg xf] eGbf klg dxTj /fVb}g, t/ xfdLx¿ g]kfnL eg]kl5 hxf" klg plQs} ;f}xfb|tf 5 . hflt x}g, of] csf]{ lhNnfsf] c¿ :6]6sf] eGg] g} 5}g of] g]kfnLx¿sf] 7"nf] u'0f xf] . t/ pgLx¿ s;/L g]kfnL–g]kfnLaLr 6fpsf] sf6\g ;xdt eP, o;sf] sf/0f ax'dt g]kfnLnfO{ lrQ a'em]sf] 5}g . clxn];Ddsf] cj:yf x'"b} kf6f] ;xL eGg ;lsGg . Psflt/ zlQm s]Gb|Ls/0f x'"bf e|i6frf/ a9\of] . zlQm ljs]Gb|Ls/0f ePsf] eP of] cj:yf cfpg] lyPg .

) af6f] ;df]t]sf] lyof] lg < hgo'4n] lauf¥of] . ^ jif{ 36fpg k¥of] . v/fa logLx¿ kf] /x]5g\ <

b'j} zlQmx¿ unt af6f]df lx"8]sf lyP . ;xL af6f] klxNofP o:tf sfo{x¿ lj:tf/} cfkm}+ x6]/ hfG5g\ . yfONof08df klxnf o:t} ePsf] lyof] . hgtfx¿ zflGt / k|ultsf] dfu{ g} cjnDag ubf{ /x]5g\ eGg] k|i6 ePsf] 5 .

) oxL l:ylt slt~h]n l6Sg ;S5 < kf6L{x¿ lsgf/f /fv]/ /fhf / dfcf]jfbLn] rnfpg] <

o;sf k|d'v v]nf8Lx¿ /fhf, /fhg}lts bnx¿sf nflu of] Eofs'd hlt v/fa 5, Tolt g} hgtfsf nflu . tL; jif{sf] k~rfotn] s] b]vfof] eg] /fhf clxn] To;/L clegGbg vf"b}, :jfut vf"b} lx+8\g] xf] eg] pm Ps lbg x6]/ hfg ;S5 . klxn] hgtfn] /fhfn] 6]s]sf] w"nf] 6fpsfdf /fVnf, t/ kl5 9'+uf] l6k]/ lxsf{p"5 . /fhf jL/]Gb| Tolta]nf nf]slk|o eP ha hgtfsf] Dof08]6 :jLsf/ u/] . clxn]sf] /fhfn] klg Tof] a'em]sf g} 5g\ . olb To;sf] lvnfkdf uP eg] pgsf nflu g} b'ef{Uo x'g;Sg] 5 . clwsf/ klxnf dfUg] xf] . geP vf];]/ lng] xf] . k|hftGqdf hgtfx¿n] cljZjf; u/]sf /x]5g\ eg] /fhfn] ;f]r]sf xf]nfg\– b]pjfnfO{ x6fp"bf . t/ Tof] g]t[Tjsf] nflu dfq hgtfx¿ c;Gt'i6 lyP eGg] a'em]/ sfd ug'{k5{ . olb o:tf] xf]Og eg]/ …kfj/ ;f]Ú u/]df ;do kl/l:yltn] sf]N6] gk]mnf{ eGg ;lsGg . xfd|f]df >Ln+sfsf] h:tf] cj:yf cfO;s]sf] 5}g . jftf{df /fhg}lts bnx¿nfO{ ;dfj]z u/L ;Demf}tf ug'{k5{ .

) jftf{ ;kmn kfg{ afx\o hut÷bftf g]kfnsf ;xof]uLsf] e"ldsf s] x'g;S5 <

cGt/f{li6«o b]zx¿sf] e"ldsf xfdLx¿n] rfx] cg';f/sf] x'g] xf] . cfkm" cfkm"x¿aLrsf] n8fO"df ljb]zL u'xfg'{ x'"b}g . s'g} d'n'snfO{ 8fSg ;lsG5 t/ of] 3/sf] emu8fnfO{ cfkm"–cfkm" g} ldn]/ ;dfwfg ug{'k5{ . d"n s'/f kqmg ;Sg'k5{ .

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