sf7df08f}+, r}q !^ @)%(

:yflgo ;dfrf/

g]kfndf jfx\o nufgLsf] cj;/ / cj:yf

…g]kfndf nufgLsf] lbUbz{g M cj;/ / cj:yfÚ gfds k':tssf] P]gfdf x]bf{ ljb]zL nufgLstf{nfO{ g]kfndf tfg]/ /fVg] cj:yf Hofb} bogLo b]vfkb{5 . utjif{ t g]kfnsf] cfly{s j[l4 g} C0ffTds /x]sf] -)=^ k|ltzt_ . g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgsf] j[l4b/ ;g\ () sf] bzsdf o; If]qdf s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgsf] j[l4b/ P]gfdf x]bf{ kfls:tfgsf] -#=& k|ltzt_ eGbf /fd|f] / a+unfb]zsf] -$=* k|ltzt_ ;dt'No b]vfk¥of] . ef/t / >Ln+sfsf] -%=# k|ltzt_ eGbf sdhf]/ g} /x\of] . s'n u|fx:y{ pTkfbgsf] ^ k|ltzt j[l4b/n] To; d'n'ssf] cfly{s l:ylt, :yfloTj, hgtfsf] cfo, jrt, pkef]u Ifdtfsf] cj:yf hgfp"5 . g]kfnsf] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbg, k|ltJolQm cfo, k|ltJolQm qmo zlQm ;a} l5d]sL d'n'sx¿sf] eGbf sdhf]/ b]vfkg'{sf] cy{ g]kfndf ul/Psf] nufgLsf] ;'/Iff, k|ltkmn c¿sf] eGbf sd x'G5 eGg] :ki6} b]lvG5 .

To;f] t o; If]qsf] ;a}eGbf ;jn / 7"nf] cy{tGq dflgPsf] ef/tdf eGbf cufl8 cfly{s pbf/Ls/0f k|lqmof cf/De ul/Psf]n] g]kfndf k|ToIf ljb]zL nufgLdf ;+rflnt cfof]hgfx¿ sd 5}gg\ . pQm k':tsdf hgfOPcg';f/ g} @))! sf] gf]e]Da/;Dd & ;o @ j6f pBf]ux¿n] j}b]lzs nufgLsf] cg'dlt lnO;s]sf lyP . h;dWo] ^* j6f /2 eP .

— ef/t / rLg h:tf ;+;f/sf ;a}eGbf ;DefJo 7"nf ahf/aLrsf] cjl:ylt
— ;"Id cfly{s, ;fdflhs / t'ngfTds ¿kdf pbf/ cy{tGq
— ;3fpg ;Sg] / ;:tf] sfdbf/
— kof{Kt k|fs[lts / ;f+:s[lts ;DklQ
— ;fgf] / kx'"r of]Uo k|zf;g / ;fdfGotM Jofkf/–dGqL ;/sf/ .

g]kfndf w]/} b]zsf pBdLx¿n] nufgL u/]sf 5g\ . t/, ltgsf] ;+Vof c¿sf] t'ngfdf sd 5 . /, nufgLsf] cg'kft klg sd 5 . g]kfndf ef/t, ;+o'Qm/fHo cd]l/sf, ad'{8f, hfkfg, rLg, 8]gdfs{, a]nfot, gj]{, kfls:tfg, sf]l/of, l;+ufk'/, O6fnL, lkmlnlkG;, cfo/Nof08, a+unfb]z, hd{gL, la|l6z, dflh{g cfONof08, yfOn}08, dn]l;of, kgfdf, >Ln+sf, x+us+u -rLg_ / k|mfG; ;a} 7fp"sf pBdLx¿n] nufgL u/]sf 5g\ . nufgLn] klg ljljw If]q ;d]6]sf] 5 . ljQ ;]jf, cfjf;, aLdf, h'6, hnljB't, jg:klt £o", xNsf k]o, cf}iflw, z[ª\uf/ k|zf;g, hl8a'6L, v]tL / k|zf]wg, gS;f+sg, a}lsË, lrof, ljB'tLo ;fdfg, lgdf{0f, xf]6n, kfOk, pBf]u, dn pTkfbg, d]l8sn sn]h, l8«lhª, 6«fG;km/d/ pTkfbg, lrgL, sfuh, r'/f]6, ufd]{G6 h:tf pTkfbg / ;]jfd"ns If]qdf ljb]zL nufgL cfO/x]sf] 5 .

Jojwfg

g]kfndf j}b]lzs nufgL ug{ ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ;d:of o;sf] ef}uf]lns cjl:yt klg ePsf] 5 . ;d'b| t6nfO{ cfkm\gf] ;Ldfgfn] g5f]Psf] g]kfndf ;fdfg 9'jfgL dx"uf] kb{5 . h;n] k|lt:kwL{ ahf/df ;fdfgsf] d"No dx"uf] agfp"5 . pkef]Qmfx¿n] Pp6} :t/sf ;fdfg rog ug'{kbf{ t'ngfTds ¿kdf ;:tf ;fdfg rog ub{5g\, To;n] pTkfbgd"ns pBf]udf afx\o nufgLnfO{ a9L k|efljt kfl/lbPsf] 5 . t];|f] d'n'saf6 cfofltt sRrf kbfy{df #) k|ltzt :yfgLo d"No clej[l4 u/L pTkfbg ePsf j:t'x¿nfO{ dfgjLo ahf/sf] ;xh kx"'r lbg] Joj:yfn] ef/tLo ahf/ lng] 7fp" t v'nf 5 . t/, s'g} pBdLn] ToxL nufgL ef/tdf u/]/ To:t} j:t' pTkfbg ul/lbof] eg] ef/tLo ahf/sf] cfzfdf g]kfndf nufgL ug]{ pBdLn] ========= kb{5 .

;8s oftfoft b]ze/ ;'ne x'g g;Sg' / ;8s 9'jfgL dx"uf] x'g' klg nufgLstf{sf nflu ;d:ofsf ¿kdf b]vfk/]sf 5g\ . h;n] b]zsf h'g;'s} efudf pBf]u vf]n]/ b]zleqsf] ahf/ cf]u6\g / ljb]zdf lgof{t ug{ ;Sg] ;DefjgfnfO{ lgs} ljs6 agfO/x]sf] klg 5 .

g]kfndf k|fKt hgzlQm ;:tf] eP klg cbQ x'g' csf]{ la8Dagf ePsf] 5 . cbQ sfdbf/sf] pTkfbsTj sd x'G5 . sd pTkfbsTj ePsf] hgzlQmaf6 sfd ln"bf, dx"uf] kg{ hfG5 . To:t} sd{rf/Lsf] pTkfbsTj x}g, hLjg / ;fdflhs ;'/Iffd'vL >d P]g klg nufgLstf{x¿n] Jojwfgsf] ¿kdf lnPsf 5g\ . sltko df};dL pBf]ux¿n] cfjZos kbf{ sd{rf/L lng] / grflx"bf x6fpg ;lsg] …xfo/ P08 kmfo/Ú gLlt ePsf] P]gsf] dfu u/]sf 5g\ . ;+/If0fd'vL P]g x'"bf sfdbf/n] pTkfbg / ;]jf k|bfgdf sd Wofg lbg] u'gf;f] pBf]ukltx¿sf] /xL cfPsf] 5 . nufgLstf{x¿n] s'n gfkmfsf] % k|ltzt sd{rf/Lsf] cfjf;sf nflu / !) k|ltzt af]g;sf] ¿kdf af"8\g'kg]{ k|fjwfg klg jt{dfg >d P]gdf 5, h;nfO{ nufgLstf{n] af]emsf] ¿kdf lnPsf 5g\ . e}/x]sf gLlt, P]g–lgodsf] OdfGbf/Lk"j{s kfngf gx'g', k|zf;sx¿df :jljj]sLo clwsf/ lglxt ePsf]n] 3";vf]/L, e|i6frf/ / l9nf;':tL JofKt x'g' / /fhgLlts cl:y/tf sfod /xg'nfO{ klg ljb]zL nufgL leœofpg] k|lts"n jftfj/0fsf nflu lhDd]jf/ 7flgPsf] 5 .

cj;/x¿

;d'b| t6nfO{ b]zsf] ;Ldfgfn] g5f]P klg cfkm\gf] b]zdf vfgLhGo pBf]u, cGo pBf]usf nflu sRrf kbfy{ gkfP klg s]xL If]qdf eg] cGo b]zdf ul/Psf] nufgLn] eGbf g]kfndf ug{] nufgLn] a9L k|ltkmn lbg] :ki6 5 . g]kfnsf] k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{, oxf"sf] j}ejzfnL ;+:s[ltn] ubf{ ko{6gsf] If]qdf nufgLsf w]/} ;Defjgfx¿ 5g\ . ljdfg;]jf ;+rfng xf];\, jf xf]6n /]i6'/f" jf /f]df~rsf/L ko{6sLo v]ns'b, dgf]/~hg :ynx¿ g} lsg gx'g\, ltgnfO{ ;+rfng ug]{ afx\o nufgLn] /fd|f] k|ltkmn kfp"5 . To:t} s[lif, lzIff, :jf:Yo h:tf ;]jfd"ns pBf]udf ul/Psf] nufgLsf] klg kof{Kt k|ltkmn cfPsf] 5 . s[lifdf /fd|f] k|ltkmn kfpg] kof{Kt ;Defjgf 5 . hl8a'6L v]tL k|zf]wg, cf}iflw sf/vfgf / pBf]udf g]kfndf x'g] t'ngfTds gfkmf 8fa/ g]kfnsf] ;kmntfn] g} b]lvPsf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] csf]{ ;DefJo nufgLsf] If]q hnljB't pTkfbg / ljt/0fdf klg xf] . h;sf] 7"nf] Jofkf/ l5d]sL ef/t Go"g cfk"lt{sf] ;+s6 em]n]/ a;]sf] 5 . of] cWoogn] g]kfndf ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;"u ;DalGwt If]qdf nufgLstf{nfO{ lg;+sf]r cfpg cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . hxf" jif]{gL # xhf/ sDKo'6/ :gftsx¿ pTkfbg x'g] ub{5g\ .

nufgLstf{sf] ;/f]sf/

g]kfndf cfpg rfxg] nufgLstf{sf nflu ufO8 tof/ kfbf{ cWoog 6f]nLn] oxf" nufgL ul//x]sf pBdL;"u nufgL ug]{ cfwf/sf] af/]df lh1f;f /fVof] . pBdLx¿n] /f]rs hjfkm lbP . g]kfnsf] ;f}Gbo{ / k|fs[lts ;Dkbfsf] sf/0fn] klg oxf" nufgL ug{ pko'Qm /x]5 . oxf"sf] ;f+:s[lts / k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{sf sf/0f ko{6g If]qdf nufgL cfpg ;Sg] /x]5 eg] t/fO{sf] pi0fb]lv lxdfnsf] lr;f] hnjfo' ePsf] g]kfndf s[lifsf] Joj;foLs/0f ug{] pBf]u kmi6fpg] ;Defjgf /x]5 . g]kfnsf] csf]{ cfsif{0f eg]sf] ef/t / rLgaLrs} cjl:ylt /x]5 . t];|f] t'ngfTds nfesf] kIf tflnd lbg ;lsg] ;:tf sfdbf/sf] k|fKotf /x]5 .

ca ;/sf/n] s] s'/fdf Wofg lbg'k5{ eGg] s'/fsf] hjfkm klg pBdLx¿n] lgs} ;l6s lbPsf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] b[li6df xfn e}/x]sf gLlt, P]g / lgodx¿sf] klg OdfGbf/Lk"j{s sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5}g h'g h¿/L 5 . To:t} b]zdf /fhgLlts l:y/tf klg nufgLstf{sf] nflu h¿/L x'"bf] /x]5 . /fd|f] k"jf{wf/, sfdbf/x¿sf] bIftf / ;Lk clej[l4 ug{ k|lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿sf] :yfkgf / lgof{t k|a4{g If]qsf] :yfkgfnfO{ klg pBdLx¿n] p7fPsf 5g\ .

u'gf;f] ;'Gg] t/ x6fpg s'g} kxn gug]{ ;/sf/sf] sfo{z}nL, nufgL lkmtf{ nfg] ;xh Joj;fo, zflGt ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt, e|i6frf/d'Qm, k|efjsf/L / bIf k|zf;g klg nufgLstf{n] vf]h]sf /x]5g\ .

pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3df ef"8e}nf]
Pp6} ;+:yfdf b'O{ cWoIf

w/fg . pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 ;'g;/Lsf] w/fg–! l:yt k|wfg sfof{nodf clxn] tgfjsf] l:ylt /x]sf] 5 . ;+3sf] kmfu'g #) ut] a;]sf] sfo{;ldltsf] a}+7sn] cWoIf vu]Gb| >]i7nufot s}nfz cu|jfn, /fdcjtf/ zdf{, /fdcjtf/ cu|jfn / vhfGrLbf; cu|jfnnfO{ ;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;b:otfaf6 g} x6fpg] ;j{;Ddt lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . pxf"x¿ kf"r} hgfnfO{ ;+:yfsf] lxtljk/Lt x'g]u/L hfn;fhLk"0f{ / lst]{ ljwfg lgdf{0f u/]sf] / lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nonfO{ ;d]t e|ddf kf/L btf{ u/fPsf] cf/f]k nufOPsf] 5 .

>]i7nfO{ cWoIf kbaf6 x6fOPkl5 k|yd pkfWoIf kjgs'df/ cu|jfn ;+3sf] sfo{jfxs cWoIfdf dgf]gLt ul/g'ePsf] 5, t/ cWoIf kbsf] s';L{df eg] cem} klg vu]Gb| >]i7 g} al;/xg' ePsf] 5 . kmfu'g !# ut]b]lv g} gof" ljwfg nfu" eO;s]sf] x'"bf cfkm"nfO{ k'/fgf] ljwfgsf] ;xfotfdf ;+3af6 lgisf;g ug{ sfo{;ldltn] g;Sg] pxf" atfpg'x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf clxn] cWoIf / sfo{;ldltsf ;b:ox¿aLr 6s/fjsf] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 .

;+3sf] @)%& ;fn sflt{s @^ ut] ;DkGg ePsf] @% cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;efn] /fdcjtf/ zdf{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf vu]Gb| >]i7, s}nfz cu|jfn, /fdcjtf/ cu|jfn / vhf~rLbf; cu|jfn ;lDdlnt ljwfg d:of}bf ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] . /, ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lb+b} ljwfg ;+zf]wg ;ldltsf kf"r} hgfnfO{ ;+3sf tTsfnLg dxf;lrj df]xgsfhL zfSon] d+l;/ * ut] kq k7fpg' ePsf] lyof] . To;} cg'¿k @^ d+l;/, @)%& df ;+of]hs zdf{n] ljwfg d:of}bf ;+3df btf{ u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . pQm ljwfg dof}bfnfO{ ;+3sf] sfo{;ldltn] cg'df]bg u/]kl5 ! c;f]h @)%* df a;]sf] @^ cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;efdf yk cg'df]bgsf lglDt k]z ul/Psf] lyof] . t/ $) k|ltzt ;b:ox¿sf] pkl:ylt rflxg] ;+3sf] ljwfg cg';f/ u0fk"/s ;+Vof gk'uL pQm k|:tfj x6fOPsf] lyof], t/ cWoIf >]i7nufot ljwfg ;+zf]wg ;ldltsf cGo ;b:ox¿n] gof" ljwfg ut kmfu'g !# ut]b]lv g} nfu" x'g]u/L lhk|sfdf btf{ u/fPkl5 ;+3sf sfo{;ldlt ;b:ox¿n] cfklQ k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ . sfo{;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf sfo{sfl/0fL ;b:ox¿nfO{ hfgsf/L glbO{ / a}7sdf ;d]t 5nkmn gu/fO{ hfn;fhLk"0f{ tl/sfn] cWoIfnfO{ c;Lldt clwsf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] gof" ljwfg btf{ u/fPsf] eGb} ;+3sf sfo{;ldlt ;b:ox¿n] gdfGg] atfp"b} cfPsf 5g\ .

sfo{;ldltdf /x]sf !% ;b:ox¿dWo] cWoIf >]i7sf] ljkIfdf !# hgf /x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] o; gof" ljwfgdf …cWoIfnfO{ tfgfzfx agfpg vf]lhPsf]Ú eGb} cfnf]rgf u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy} /fdcjtf/ zdf{n] ;+3df a'emfpg' ePsf] ljwfgsf] d:of}bf / lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf a'emfpg' ePsf] ljwfg d:of}bf km/s–km/s ePsf] atfp"b} o;nfO{ lst]{sf] ;+1f lbPsf 5g\ .

;+3sf] sfo{;ldltåf/f sfo{afxs cWoIfdf dgf]gLt kjgs'df/ cu|jfnsf cg';f/ gof" ljwfg k|lqmof gk'¥ofO{ ha/h:tL nflbPsf] 5 . pxf" eGg'x'G5– æ;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 cg'df]bg u/fP/ sfo{;ldltn] btf{ u/fpg'kg]{df ljwfg ;+zf]wg ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿ cfkm} lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf uO{ ljwfg btf{ u/fPsf] x'"bf cj}wflgs / k|lqmofut q'l6 /x]sf] 5 .Æ ;+3sf k"j{ cWoIf ljho 8fufsf cg';f/ @% cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;efkZrft\ n]lvPsf] dfOGo"6df cWoIf >]i7n] hfn;fhLk"0f{ tl/sfn] ljwfg dgf]dfgL 9+un] ;+zf]wg u/L cfkm" ;b:o /x]sf] …ljwfg ;+zf]wg ;ldltn] g} lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf k]z ug]{ clwsf/ kfPsf]Ú eGg] a]xf]/f yk]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . o; sfo{sf lglDt >]i7n] dfOGo"6 n]Vg] sfof{no ;lrj dbgs[i0f >]i7sf] ;xof]u lnPsf] kQf nfu]sf] k"j{ cWoIf 8fuf atfpg'x'G5 . sfof{no ;lrj dbgs[i0f >]i7 vu]Gb| >]i7sf ;f9'bfO x'g\ . o;afx]s dfOGo"6af6 tTsfnLg cWoIf ljho 8fuf, dxf;lrj df]xgsfhL zfSonufotsf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] x:tfIf/ ePsf] k[i7 x6fO{ k5fl8 ylkPsf] k[i7df ljwfg ;+zf]wg ;ldltsf kf"r} hgfn] x:tfIf/ u/]sf] pxf" b]vfpg'x'G5 .

ptf vu]Gb| >]i7 @% cf}+ ;fwf/0f;efsf] dfOGo"6df cfkm"n] lst]{ u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ c:jLsf/ ug'{x'G5 . olb ;f] s'/f k|dfl0ft eP cfkm" h:tf];'s} ;hfo ef]Ug klg tof/ /x]sf] pxf" atfpg'x'G5 . dfOGo"6df laafbo'Qm kl/R5]b o:tf] 5– ætt\kZrft\ ;fwf/0f ;b:o >L /fdcjtf/ cu|jfnHo"sf] k|:tfjdf ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ a'"bfx¿ ;+zf]wg u/L ;+zf]wg ;lxtsf] ljwfgnfO{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no ;'g;/Ldf k]; u/L :jLs[lt ;d]t lngsf nflu /fdcjtf/ zdf{ -;+of]hs_ / vhf~rLbf; cu|jfn, vu]Gb| >]i7, s}nf; cu|jfn, /fdcjtf/ cu|jfnx¿ ;b:o /x]sf] clwsf/ ;DkGg kf"r ;b:oLo ljwfg ;+zf]wg ;ldlt u7g ug]{ ;j{;Ddltn] lg0f{o ul/of] .Æ h;df …ljwfgnfO{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no ;'g;/Ldf k]; u/L :jLs[lt ;d]t lngsf nfluÚ eGg] c+z kl5 ylkPsf] eGb} kjg cu|jfnnufotsf sfo{;ldlt ;b:ox¿n] lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . ;f] dfOGo"6df #) hgfsf] x:tfIf/ /x]sf] 5 . t/ ;+3sf sfo{;ldlt ;b:o ch'{g 9sfnn] kmfu'g !( ut] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ >]i7dfly sf/afxLsf] dfu ub}{+ n]Vg' ePsf] Ps kqdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ ;fwf/0f ;efdf !* hgfsf] dfq} pkl:ylt /x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . xfn ;f] dfOGo"6 vu]Gb| >]i7n] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no w/fgdf nfxf5fk u/]/ /fVg lbg'ePsf] 5 . dfOGo"6sf] pQm ;Ssnk|lt o; b]zfGt/ k|ltlglwn] x]g{ dfUbf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|x/L lg/LIfs lzjxl/ af:sf]6fn] ;DalGwt kIfsf] cg'kl:yltdf x]g{ lbg gldNg] atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .

ljwfg ;+zf]wg ;ldltsf kf"rhgf ;b:ox¿ cfkm"x¿åf/f ;+zf]lwt ljwfgdf …k|f]S;LÚ dtsf] k|fjwfgnfO{ k"0f{¿kn] x6fOPsf] sf/0f sfo{;ldltsf ;b:ox¿n] tLj| lj/f]w u/]sf] atfp"5g\ . ljwfg ;+zf]wg ;ldltsf ;+of]hs /fdcjtf/ zdf{sf cg';f/ …k|f]S;LÚ dtsf sf/0f ;+3df w]/} ljs[ltx¿ b]lvPsf lyP . @) jif{ cl3b]lv aGb eO;s]sf kmd{x¿sf] r'gfj cfpg] a]nfdf gjLs/0f u/]/ To;}sf] gfdaf6 dt v;fNg] tyf cGo Jofkf/LnfO{ ha/h:tL cfkm\gf] k|efjdf kf/]/ cfkm"n] rfx]sf] dflg;nfO{ lhtfpg] k|j[lQ xfjL ePsf] sf/0f ;+3df jf:tljs pBf]uL–Jofkf/Ln] :yfg gkfPsf] pxf" atfpg'x'G5 . zdf{sf cg';f/ …k|f]S;LÚ dtsf] k|fjwfg vf/]h ug{s} lglDt @% cf}+ ;fwf/0f ;efn] lbPsf] …Dof08]6Ú pkof]u u/L ;efkltnfO{ zlQm ;DkGg agfOPsf] ljwfg tof/ ul/Psf] xf] .

o;/L b'O{ kIfsfaLr 6Ss/ rn]sf] cj:yfdf ;+3sf sd{rf/Lx¿ s;sf] cfb]z dfGg], s;sf] gdfGg] eGg] cGof}ndf k/]sf b]lvG5g\ . Jofkf/Lx¿ klg cndndf k/]sf 5g\ . t;y{ of] emu8fsf] lg¿k0f rf"8f]eGbf rf"8f] ul/g'kg]{ pgLx¿sf] rfxgf /x]sf] 5 .

k/z' >]i7

cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf nflu dxf;lGwMrdTsfl/s ;dfwfg xf]Og

df/jfg dfsfg dfs{/

ss -cfO{=kL=P;\=÷Pg\=kL=cfO{=_ . cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/ /Iff;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo dxf;lGw o; jif{ sfof{Gjog x'"b}5 . t/, …ljBdfg cGo cGt/f{li6«o b:tfj]hx¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf] ;Gbe{df x]bf{ of] dxf;lGwk|lt cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿ pT;flxt aGg'kg]{ l:ylt sd} 5Ú eg]/ If]qLo ljz]if1x¿ eG5g\ .

;g\ !(() sf] cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGwnfO{ cfk|jf;L tyf ltgsf kl/jf/n] Pp6f ;sf/fTds pknlAwsf] ¿kdf lnPsf 5g\ . !@ jif{sf] k|of;kl5 o;nfO{ @) b]zn] cg'df]bg u/]sf 5g\ . t/, of] qmddf cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ leœofpg] b]zx¿n] o;sf] lj/f]w u/] . @) j6f b]zn] cg'df]bg gu/];Dd of] dxf;lGw sfof{Gjogdf hfg g;Sg] k|fjwfg 5 .

Oi6 l6df]/n] aL;f}+ /fi6«sf] ¿kdf ut l8;]Da/df of] dxf;lGwnfO{ cg'df]bg u¥of] . of] cg'df]bgnfO{ /fi6«;+3n] :jLsf/ u/]kl5 o;} jif{ dxf;lGw sfo{Gjogdf cfpg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ leœofpg] / To:tf sfdbf/ k7fpg] b]zx¿sf] k|lta4tfsf] sfof{Gjog Jojxf/df ;sf/fTds x'g]5 eGg] s'/fdf cfzf sd} 5 . æ;g\ !($& sf] cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/ /Iff;DaGwL dxf;lGwnfO{ clxn];Dd a]jf:tf ul/Psf] 5 . of] k[i7e"lddf gof" dxf;lGwk|lt Tolt pT;fxL x'g'kg]{ sf/0f 5}g,Æ cGt/f{li6«o >d ;+u7gsf 8L=kL=P= gfo8'n] Pl;ofnL cfk|jf;L ;DaGwL Pp6f uf]i7Ldf eg] .

gfo8'sf cg';f/ cfO{Pncf] dxf;lGw () sf] sfof{Gjog To:t} l:yltdf 5 . æs}of}+ b]zdf of] dxf;lGw cToGt sdhf]/ cj:yfdf 5 . >d sfg'gsf] sfof{Gjog /fd|/L e}/fv]sf] 5 ls 5}g eGg] lg/LIf0f ug]{ k|0ffnL /fd|f] 5}g,Æ pgL eG5g\ .

æof] dxf;lGwsf s]xL dxTjk"0f{ kIfx¿ nfu" ul/g] 5 eg]/ ;/sf/x¿n] ;'lglZrt ug'{ o; ;Gbe{df dxTjk"0f{ x'G5,Æ pgL eG5g\ . /fi6«;+3Lo dxf;lGw !(() n] btf{ gePsf cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿ ;d]tsf] clwsf/ /Iff ug]{ k|fjwfg u/]sf] 5 . o; cy{df of] cu|ufdL 5 . cfO{Pncf] dxf;lGwn] sfg'gL x}l;otsf cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] dfq s'/f u/]sf] 5 .

ædxf;lGw dxTjk"0f{ 5 . lsgls o;n] ;/sf/x¿nfO{ sfd ug{ bafa lbG5 . of] /fd|f] ;'¿jft xf],Æ o'g]:sf] PrcfO{eL tyf dfgj cf];f/ k;f/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o sfo{qmdsf ;+of]hs 8]le8 km]guf]N8 eG5g\ .

æt/ o;n] jf:tjd} ;d:of ;dfwfg u5{ eGg] dnfO{ nfUb}g . cGt/f{li6«o cfk|jf;sf] s'/f ubf{ s}of}+ hl6ntfx¿ x'G5g\, h;nfO{ km/s 9Ën] ;dfwfg ul/g'k5{,Æ pgL eG5g\ . sfof{Gjogsf] k|Zg klg 5 eg]/ gfo8' eG5g\ . dxf;lGw nfu" ePkl5 o;nfO{ cg'df]bg gug]{ cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ leœofpg] s}of}+ 7"nf b]znfO{ o;sf] sfof{Gjog u/fpg] s'/fdf dgfpg ufx|f] 5 . dxf;lGw cg'¿ksf /fli6«o sfg'g lgdf{0f u/fpg ufx|f] 5 .

of] dxf;lGw cg'df]bg ug]{ clwsf+z b]zx¿ sfdbf/ ljb]z k7fpg] ;fgf b]zx¿ 5g\ . æcGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw nfu" ePkl5 sfdbf/x¿n] To;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog u/fpg ;/sf/nfO{ bafa lbg'k5{,Æ gfo8' eG5g\ .

æt/ o:tf] e}/fv]sf] 5}g . 3/]n' sfdbf/x¿sf] l:yltsf] lg/LIf0f ug{ slxNo} s'g} lg/LIfs cfPsf] b]Vg'ePsf] 5 <Æ gfo8' k|Zg u5{g\ . sfof{Gjogaf/] k|i6 Joj:yf gePsf] sf/0f vf;u/L dlxnf cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿nfO{ k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . Pl;ofnL cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿dWo] dlxnfsf] ;+Vof lgs} 7"nf] 5 .Æ o'lgkm]dsL hLg 8L s'Gxf elG5g\ .

æo:tf dlxnf sfdbf/x¿sf] JolQmut kIf k'¿ifsf] t'ngfdf a9L ;Dj]bgzLn x'G5 . pgLx¿ zf/Ll/s tyf of}g zf]if0fsf] lzsf/ aG5g\, ;f+:s[lts kIfkft, j}jflxs ;DaGwsf ;d:of / 5f]/f5f]/Ldfly kg]{ gsf/fTds k|efj h:tf ;d:of pgLx¿n] ef]Ug'k5{,Æ pgL elG5g\ .

pgsf cg';f/ dlxnflj¿4 ;a} k|sf/sf e]befj cGTo ug]{ dxf;lGw h:tf cGo sfg'gL Joj:yfsf] sfof{Gjog klg cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/ /Iffsf nflu cfjZos 5 . /fi6«;+3Lo of] dxf;lGw ;a}eGbf a9L cg'df]bg ePsf] cGt/f{li6«o b:tfj]h xf] .

æof] dxf;lGwsf] s]xL ;Ldf 5g\, t/ o;n] clwsf/x¿sf] dfkb08 lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . sfdbf/ ljb]z k7fpg] b]zsf nflu of] Pp6f alnof] xltof/ x'g;S5,Æ pgL elG5g\ .

t/ ;a}eGbf gsf/fTds kIf s] 5 eg] sfdbf/ ljb]z k7fpg] b]zx¿aLr g} clwsf/sf] dfkb08af/]df Psdt 5}g . o:tf] l:yltdf sfdbf/ leœofpg] b]zdfly bafa lbg ufx|f] x'G5 .

a9LeGbf a9L cbIf sfdbf/nfO{ ljb]z k7fP/ ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g ug]{ w"gdf nfu]sf b]zx¿sf] cfkm\g} :jfy{ x'G5 . gfo8' eG5g\, æcfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf xslxtaf/] cGt/f{li6«o ;xdlt sfod ug{ ufx|f] 5 . s]xL jif{cl3 cGt/f{li6«o >d ;+u7gn] sfdbf/ k7fpg] / leœofpg] b]zx¿aLr ;xdlt vf]Hg u/]sf] c;kmn k|of; xfd|f ;fd' pbfx/0fLo 5 .Æ

Ps s/f]8 () nfveGbf a9L cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿ Pl;ofdf 5g\ eg] Pl;ofaf6 hfg]x¿sf] lx;fadf ljZjJofkL ¿kdf of] ;+Vof b'O{ s/f]8 %) nfveGbf a9L 5 eGg] cg'dfg cGt/f{li6«o ;d"xx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .

æo:tf sfdbf/dWo] slDtdf cfwf hlt t dlxnf dfq} 5g\ . oL dWo] w]/}h;f] 3/]n' sfddf, dgf]/~hg pBf]u / …c:jefljsÚ cj:yfdf sfd u5{g\ .Æ kmf]8{ kmfp08]zg lkmlnlkG;sL sfl/bfb yf/fg elG5g\ . ax/fOg, s'j]t, stf/, cf]dfg / ;fpbL c/]ljof ;a}eGbf a9L ljb]zL sfdbf/ leœofpg] b]zx¿ x'g\ .

k"jL{ Pl;ofsf hfkfg / blIf0f sf]l/of tyf blIf0f k"jL{ Pl;ofsf l;+ufk'/ / dn]l;of a9L sfdbf/ cfslif{t ug]{ b]zdf k5{g\ .

;d:of 5g\, t/ klg !(() sf] dxf;lGw cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] xslxt /Iffsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ klxnf] sbd xf] eGg] wf/0ff dfgj clwsf/jfbLx¿sf] 5 . ljZje/ !# s/f]8 hlt cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ 5g\ .

cGo s'/fx¿sf cltl/Qm of] dxf;lGwn] cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/x¿af/] :ki6 dfkb08 tyf :t/ lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . cfk|jf;;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;+3sf cg';f/ of] dxf;lGwn] dflg;sf] t:s/L tyf cf];f/–k;f/ ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ b]zx¿aLr ;xof]u lj:tf/ ug{ d2t ug]{5 .

Unf]an PnfoG; Pu]Gi6 6«flkms Og cf]egsL bLk/~hgL /fO{sf cg';f/ Wofg lbg'kg]{ cGo kIf klg dxTjk"0f{ 5g\ . cfk|jf;nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ kfl/jfl/s k|j[lQnfO{ Wofg lbg'k5{ .

pgL elG5g\, ædlxnf sfdbf/x¿sf] xslxt /Iffsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o sfg'g / b:tfj]hn] dfq} x'"b}g . w]/} sdfP/ Nofpm eGg] kfl/jfl/s bafan] dlxnfx¿nfO{ afWo agfPsf] x'G5 . To;}n] of] kIfnfO{ klg dxTj lbOg'k5{ .Æ æxfdL ;/sf/dfly bafa lbO/fV5f}+ . t/, ;/sf/ jf sfg'geGbf klg a9L bafk"0f{ cj:yf kl/jf/n] l;h{gf u/]sf] x'G5– dlxnfx¿dfly . sdfpg ljb]z uPsf dlxnfx¿sf ;fd' ljsNk x'"b}g, lsgls 3/df /x]sf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿ a9LeGbf a9L wg sdfpm eg]/ bafa lbO/fv]sf x'G5g\,Æ pgL eG5g\ .

æbf"tLÆ km]/]/ u|fxs 7U5g\, 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿

zDe' b'jf8L

sf7df8f}+ . 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿n] lbp";} ld6/df …8]8LÚ xfg]/ 6\ofS;L rnfpg yfn]kl5 6\ofS;L r9\g] ofq'x¿ dsf{df kg{ yfn]sf 5g\ .

a]n'sL ( ah]b]lv laxfgL ^ ah];Dd dfq 6\ofS;Lx¿n] 8]8L -8]8 rfh{_ xfg]/ 6\ofS;L rnfpg kfpg] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . oBlk 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿ g} 6\ofS;L gfk, hf"r ug]{ ;/sf/L sfof{no gfktf}n ljefu;"u ldn]/ lbp";} 8]8L xfGg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] ug{ yfn]kl5 6\ofS;L r9\g] ofq'x¿ 7uLdf kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ .

af=!h= ^$#$ gDa/sf 6\ofS;L rfns ;f]d tfdfªsf cg';f/ lrghfgsf sltko 6\ofS;L 8«fOe/nfO{ sld;g lnP/ gfktf}n ljefun] g} ld6/ ldnfOlbg] u/]sf] 5 . t/, ljefucGtu{t 6\ofS;L, 6\ofDk' OsfO{sf k|d'v /fd cfwf/ zfx eg] 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿ :jo+n] ld6/ u8a8 u/L rnfpg] u/]sf] x'g;Sg] atfp"5g\ . pgL eG5g\, æx/]s jif{ gfktf}n ljefudf 6\ofS;L, 6\ofDk'n] ld6/ hf"r u/fpg' kb{5 gq sf/afxLdf k5{g\ .Æ

t/ obfsbf 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿n] ld6/ aS;sf] …l;nÚ tf]8]/ tf/ hf]8L ld6/ l56f] rNg] agfpg] u/]sf] af=!h= @*^& gDa/ 6\ofS;Lsf dflns k|]d e§/fO{ atfp"5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿n] 6\ofS;L dflnsnfO{ x/]s lbg a]n'sL % ;o a'emfpg}k5{ . t]n vr{ rfnsn] 5'§} cfDbfgL u/L Joxf]g'{k5{ . u'l8/xg] 6\ofS;LnfO{ lbgdf % ;o a/fa/sf] t]n nfU5 . af=!h= *^! gDa/sf 6\ofS;L rfns efj lszg /]UdL 6\ofS;L dflnsx¿n] lbgsf] %) ¿k}of" dfq 36fOlbg] xf] eg] ld6/ u8a8 g'xg;Sg] ts{ ub{5g\ . t/ pgL eg] cfkm\gf] 6\ofS;Lsf] ld6/sf] …l;nÚ 7Ls ePsf] bfaL u5{g\ . pgL eG5g\, æt]nsf] efp a9]kl5 t xfdLnfO{ dlxgfdf !* ;o 3f6f k5{, 3f6f s;/L Joxf]g]{ < t]nsf] efp a9] klg ;fx'n] 6\ofS;Lsf] /]6 36fp"b}gg\, ef8f a9\b}}g xfdL s] u/f}+ .Æ rfns /]UdL cfqmf]lzt x'"b} hjfkm lbG5g\ .

6\ofS;L rfnsx¿ cfkm}+df Psn] csf{sf] kf]n vf]Ng kl5 kb}{gg\ . Ps 6\ofS;L rfns b]zfGt/;"u s'/f ub}{ eG5g\, æld6/ u8a8 ubf{ l;nnfO{ s]xL gu/L ld6/ aS;sf] …bf"tLÚ abn]/ rnfpg] 6\ofS;L rfns w]/} 5g\ .Æ To;/L km]/abn ubf{ kmnfdsf] …bf"tLÚ /x]sf] 7fp"df Knfli6ssf] …bf"tLÚ /fv]/ ld6/ l56f] rNg] agfp"5g\ . k|lt ! lsnf]ld6/ 6\ofS;L r9\bf !@ b]lv !$ ¿k}of" ltg{ ofq'x¿ afWo 5g\ . To;dfly ld6/ u8a8 x'gyfn]kl5 ofq'x¿nfO{ emg\ dsf{ k/]sf] 5 . æ6\ofS;Lsf ld6/ 7Ls 5g\ eg]/ s;/L ljZjf; ug{' <Æ 6\ofS;L r9\g] ofq'x¿sf] oxL Pp6} u'gf;f] kfOG5 .

æuf8L hfddf kbf{ 6\ofS;Lsf] …j]l6ª rfh{Ú ltg'{k5{ . cem lbp";} …8]8LÚ xfGg] 6\ofS;Lsf]] kmGbfdf k/]kl5 ufx|f];fx|f]df klg s;/L 6\ofS;L r9\g' <Æ af=!h= @&!& gDa/sf] 6\ofS;Laf6 emb}{ u/]sf ofq' p4j yfkf atfp"5g\ .

o;/L sltko 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿ 6\ofS;L dflnsnfO{ b}lgs % ;o a'emfP/ t]n vr{ Joxf]bf{ kmfObf slQ klg g/xg] x"'bf afWo eP/ 6\ofS;Lsf] !–@ sn a9fpg] u/]sf] tYonfO{ ;lhn} :jLsf5{g\ . olt lj£g nfkjf{xL x'"bf ;d]t g t 6\ofS;L dflnsn] ljrf/ k'¥ofPsf 5g\, g t gfktf}n ljefu h:tf ;DalGwt lgsfosf] g} To;tkm{ rf;f] b]lvG5 .

lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/sf] /sd ;lsof]

sf7df8f}+ . cfly{s ;d:ofaf6 hsl8Psf ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfx¿n] klg ;lhn};"u :jf:Yo pkrf/ ug{ ;s"g\ eGg] p2]Zon] :jf:Yo dGqL 8f= pk]Gb| b]jsf]6fn] cjnDag u/fp"b} cfpg'ePsf] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/ /fxt sfo{qmdcGtu{tsf] /sd oxL dlxgfaf6 ;lsg] ePkl5 sfo{qmd ;+rfngdf ;d:of pTkGg x'g] ePsf] 5 .

:jf:Yo lzlj/ ;~rfngsf nflu :jf:Yo dGqfnon] ! s/f]8 ¿k}of" 5'6\ofPsf] lyof] . pQm /sdaf6 Ko'7fg, b}n]v, c5fddf :jf:Yo lzlj/ /fvL ;lsPsf] 5 eg] oxL @@ ut]b]lv #) ut];Dd c3f{vf"rLdf lzlj/ ;+rfng x'g] ePsf] 5 . tLgj6f lhNnfsf u/L () nfv %* xhf/ vr{ ePsf] 5 eg] c3f{vf"rLdf ^ nfv &) xhf/ vr{ x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] :jf:Yo dGqfnosf k|jQmf 8f= a]gLaxfb'/ sfsL{n] atfpg'eof] . o;/L pQm /sd c3f{vf"rLdf nlu;s]kl5 of] cfly{s jif{df pQm zLif{sdf # nfv &@ xhf/ dfq /xg] ePsf] 5 . pQm af"sL /sdn] c¿ s'g} Ps lhNnfdf ;d]t lzlj/ rnfpg gk'u x'g] ePsf]n] dGqfnon] lzlj/ rnfpgsf nflu cy{ dGqfno;"u /sd yk ug{ dfu ug]{ ;f]rdf /x]sf] ;|f]tn] atfof] . lzlj/ ;+rfngsf nflu egL dGqfnon] ! s/f]8 ¿k}of"sf] af"8kmf"8, ;+rf/df %) xhf/, sfof{no vr{df ! nfv, ef8fdf ! nfv % xhf/, OGwg vr{df @ nfv %) xhf/, ljljwdf !% nfv, ;fdflhs ;]jf cg'bfgdf $% nfv, sfo{qmd e|d0f !# nfv, d]lzg/L cf}hf/df @) nfv / af"sL /sd 6]8LPdf 5'6\ofPsf] lyof] . sfsL{n] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ pQm sfo{qmdaf6 ;j{;fwf/0f lgs} nfeflGjt ePsfn] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug'{kg]{ / o;sf nflu h;/L klg /sd h'6fpg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . t/, lzlj/ ;+rfng ubf{ :yfgLojf;L :jo+;]jsx¿af6 ;]jf lnOb}+ cfPsf]n] lzlj/af6 klg :jo+;]jsx¿s} dfG5] a9L nfeflGjt ePsf] u'gf;f] cfPsf] sfsL{n] atfpg'eof] . lzlj/ ;+rfng ubf{ 36Ldf klg ^) b]lv &) hgfsf] 6f]nL hfg] u/]sf] 5 . pQm 6f]nLdf w]/} d]h/ ck/];gx¿ ;d]t ul/Psf] 8f= sfsL{n] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfpg'eof] .

ptf Pp6f lhNnfdf lzlj/ ;+rfngsf nflu nluPsf cf}iflwx¿ lkmtf{ Nofpg] rng gePsf]n] klg rf/j6} lhNnfdf pkrf/ ubf{ /sd ;lsPsf] ts{ s]xL 8fS6/x¿sf] 5 . olb /sd yk gePdf tLg dlxgf lzlj/ ;+rfng gx'g] ePsf] 5 .

Ifo/f]u pkrf/df k|efjsf/L ljlw æ86\;Æ

sLt{g clwsf/L

sf7df8f}+ . sf7df8f}+ u0f]z:yfg 3/ ePsf clgn /l~htnfO{ em08} 8]9 jif{cl3 Ifo/f]un] ;dfTof] . cfkm"nfO{ Ifo/f]u nfu]sf] yfxf kfpgf;fy pgn] 86\; pkrf/ s]Gb|df uP/ lgoldt ¿kdf cf}iflw vfg yfn]kl5 pgL :j:y eP . cf7 dlxgfsf] cf}iflw ;]jgkl5 pgL k"0f{ :j:y ePsf] ! jif{ eO;s]sf] 5 . æ6L=aL=sf] la/fdLnfO{ g/fd|f] b[li6sf]0faf6 x]l/"bf]+ /x]5,Æ pgn] atfP . Ifo/f]usf] nIf0f b]lvPkl5 rgfvf] x'g'k5{ / glhs}sf] :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf h"rfpg'k5{ . æIfo/f]uLnfO{ g/fd|f] b[li6n] x]g'{ kb}{g . ;a}sf] ;xeflutf ePdf Ifo/f]u lgd"{n x'G5 .Æ /l~htn] b]zfGt/;"u eg] .

gla/fO{ pkrf/ u/] lgsf] x'g] t/ aLr}df bafO{ vfg 5f]8] alNemg] k|s[ltsf] of] /f]usf] pkrf/ ljlwdWo] ;aeGbf k|efjsf/L ljlw k|ToIf lgu/fgLdf ul/g] pkrf/ cyf{t\ …86\;Ú ljlw ePsf] 5 . g]kfnn] ;g\ !((^ df gd"gfsf] ¿kdf eQmk'/, k;f{, gjnk/f;L / s}nfnLdf 86\; pkrf/ljlw ;'¿ u/]sf] lyof] . xfn clw/fHoel/ ;a} lhNnfdf @ ;o (# j6f 86\; pkrf/ s]Gb| tyf ( ;o %) pks]Gb| /x]sf 5g\ . 86\; pkrf/ s]Gb|df la/fdLnfO{ :jf:ysdL{sf] k|ToIf lgu/fgLdf cf}iflw VjfOG5 .

ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7gn] ;g\ !((# df Ifo/f]usf] ;DaGwdf ljZjJofkL cfsl:ds kl/l:ylt 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . ljZjdf k|To]s lbg Ifo/f]uaf6 kf"r xhf/ hgfsf] d[To' x'g] u5{ . ljZjdf ;a} lsl;dsf Ifo/f]uLx¿sf] ;+Vof ! s/f]8 ^) nfv /x]sf] 5 . &% k|ltzt Ifo/f]uL !% b]lv $% jif{ pd]/sf x'g] u5{g\ . o:t} (% k|ltzt Ifo/f]uL ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zx¿df /x]sf 5g\ . /fli6«o Ifo/f]u s]Gb|sf k|d'v tyf ;fs{ Ifo/f]u s]Gb|sf k|d'v 8f= bL3{ l;+x jdn] lbg'ePsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ g]kfnsf $% k|ltzt hg;+VofnfO{ Ifo/f]un] k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ¿kn] k|efj kfg]{ u/]sf] 5 . ;fs{ d'n'sdf dfq ljZjsf Ifo/f]uLdWo] #! k|ltzt Ifo/f]uL /x]sf 5g\ . æg]kfndf Ifo/f]uLsf] pkrf/ k4lt / kQf nufpg] b/ ljZj :jf:Yo ;+3n] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] :t/eGbf dfly /x]sf] 5,Æ 8f= jdn] eGg'eof] . g]kfndf *) xhf/df k|ToIf Ifo/f]u 5 . o:t} jflif{s $) xhf/ Ifo/f]uL ylkg] ljleGg cWoogx¿n] b]vfPsf 5g\ . 8f= jdsf cg';f/ 86\; k|ljlw g]kfnsf (! k|ltzt hgtf;fd' k'u]sf] 5 / o;dWo] () k|ltzt la/fdLsf] 86\; ljlwaf6 ;kmntfsf ;fy pkrf/ e}/x]sf] 5 .

g]kfnsf *) xhf/ Ifo/f]uLdWo] @) xhf/df ;g]{ lsl;dsf] Ifo/f]u /x]sf] 5 . ;fs{ d'n'sdf jflif{s @% nfv Ifo/f]uL ylkg] ljleGg tYof+sx¿n] b]vfPsf 5g\ . 8f= jdsf cg';f/ Pr=cfO{=eL= ePsfx¿nfO{ Ifo/f]usf] bf]xf]/f] ;+qmd0f x'g] vt/f Hofbf x'G5 . ;fs{ If]qdf !* nfv eGbf a9L
hgtfdf Pr=cfO{=eL= / Ifo/f]usf] bf]xf]/f] ;+qmd0f /x]sf] 5 .

Ifo/f]un] ;a}eGbf a9L pTkfbgzLn ;d"xnfO{ k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . tLg rf}yfO{ Ifo/f]uL !% b]lv $% jif{sf /x]sf 5g\ . slt /f]uLx¿n] Ifo/f]u n'sfpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . æ/f]u n'sfpgfn] cfkm"nfO{ dfq xf]Og c¿nfO{ klg xflg k'U5 . To;}n] /f]u gn'sfcf}+ ;a} ldn]/ Ifo/f]u lgjf/0f ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofcf}+ .Æ 8f= jdn] eGg'eof] .

w/fgdf d]lgGhfOl6;sf] cft+s

k/z' >]i7

w/fg . w/fgsf cf}iflw k;nx¿df oltv]/ …l;k|f]km\nf]S;fl;gÚ gfds cf}iflwsf] dfu cToGt} a9]sf] 5 . dflg;x¿ sDkgL x]/L ;ft ¿k}of"b]lv rf}w ¿k}of" k|ltuf]6f;Dd kg]{ pQm cf}iflw cfkm" / cfkm\gf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf] lglDt lsg]/ nfg yfn]sf 5g\ . s]xL lbgcl3 w/fgl:yt aL=kL= :jf:Yo k|lti7fgdf gof" lsl;dsf] /f]u lgl:sPsf] / ;f] /f]u nfUgaf6 aRg pQm cf}iflw PlG6afof]l6ssf] ¿kdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] ;dfrf/ :yfgLo …Anfi6Ú b}lgsdf 5flkPkl5 ahf/df pQm cf}iflwsf] dfu PSsf;L a9]sf] xf] .

efg'rf]sl:yt Ps cf}iflw k;n] cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf ;a} ;b:ox¿n] ;f] PlG6afof]l6s vfO;s]sf] atfp"5g\ . cfkm\gf] k;ndf ;f] PlG6afof]l6s vf]Hg cfpg] dflg;sf] ;+Vof a9]sf] cg'ej pgn] u/]sf 5g\ . To:t}, 5ftfrf]sl:yt w/fg cf}ifBfnosf clht /f0ff klg w]/} dflg;x¿ …l;k|f]km\nf]S;fl;gÚ / To:t} lsl;dsf cGo cf}iflwx¿ vf]Hb} cfpg yfn]sf] atfp"5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ ;f] cf}iflw jf:tjdf 6fOkmfO8sf] pkrf/df k|of]u ul/G5 .

s]xL lbgcl3 aL=kL= :jf:Yo k|lti7fg w/fgdf pkrf/fy{ egf{ ul/Psf Ps afnsdf d]lgGhfOl6; ;d"xsf] …d]lgËf] sf]sn d]lgGhfOl6;Ú (Meningococcal \Meningitis) gfds /f]u km]nf k/]sf] Toxf"sf lrlsT;sx¿n] hfgsf/L lbPsf lyP . /f]uLsf] Zjf;, xflR5p" / xfjfsf] dfWodaf6 klg ;g]{ tyf /f]u nfu]sf] c7f/ 306fb]lv kf"rlbgleqdf d[To' x'g] pQm /f]usf] cf}iflw g]kfndf pknAw gePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . ;f] /f]u nfu]kl5 Hj/f] cfpg], 3f"6L b'Vg], 5f/] /f]u h:t} a]xf]; x'g], z/L/df kmf]sf cfpg] h:tf d]lgGhfOl6;l;t ldNbfh'Nbf nIf0fx¿ b]lvg] tyf ;f] /f]u s'g} klg pd]/sf dflg;df nfUg ;Sg] atfOPsf] 5 .

gof" lsl;dsf] /f]u b]lvPsf] ;To eP klg olt laWg cflQg'kg]{ l:ylt eg] g/x]sf] atfpg'x'G5– 8f= tkg t/kmbf/ . pxf"sf cg';f/ hrfpg cfPsf la/fdLx¿n] PlG6afof]l6ssf] gfd n]lvlbg s/ ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . cfkm"sxf" clxn];Dd Pp6f klg To:tf /f]uL gcfPsf] atfp"b} pxf" eGg'x'G5– æ8fO/]S6 sG6\ofS6af6 dfq ;g]{ ePsf]n] of] /f]u xNnf rn]hlt vt/gfs eg] xf]Og . To;}n] dflg;x¿ oltljlw ql;t x'g'kg]{ h¿/L 5}g .Æ

kfsf yf¿ ljBfyL{ P;=Pn=;L=sf] hf"rdf

albof{af6 kms]{/ lbg]z uf}td

sf7df8f}+ . cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/L / gfltgLsf] x'n;"u} ljut & jif{b]lv ljBfno wfp"b} u/]sf %# jifL{o /fw]Zofd yf¿ P;=Pn=;L= kf; u/]/ …df8\;fÚaÚ x'g] ;kgf ;fsf/ kfg{ sDd/ s;]/ nfu]sf 5g\ . pgL klg o;jif{sf] P;=Pn=;L= k/LIffdf lszf]/lszf]/L;"u s'd h'wfp"b} ljBfno txsf] of] …kmnfd] 9f]sfÚ l5rf]Ng cft'/ 5g\ .

klZrd alb{of abfnk'/– ! abfnk'/ ufp" lgjf;L /fw]Zofd yf¿ )%@ ;fndf Ps}k6s tLg sIffdf egf{ ePsf lyP . cfkm\gf] ;kgf ;fsf/ kfg{ pgL cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/L / gfltgfltgL;"u} 3/af6 sl/a % lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f /fhfk'/ ahf/df cjl:yt cd/ ;lxb bz/y pRr dfWolds ljBfnodf hfGy] . pd]/df cfkm"eGbf w]/} ;fgf lszf]/lszf]/L;"u a;]/ k9\y] . /, ;Gt'i6 eP/ kms{Gy] . gfltgLnfO{ Sofl/o/df /fv]/ ;fOsnsf] k]8n 3'dfp"b} cfkm"eGbf sfG5f lzIfs–lzlIfsfaf6 1fgfh{g u/]sf /fw]Zofd P;=Pn=;L= kf; x'g] s'/fdf 9'Ss 5g\ . æP;=Pn=;L= t h;/L eP klg kf; ug}{k5{,Æ pgn] b[9tf JoQm ub}{ cufl8 yk], æ;s]5' eg] SofDk; klg hfG5', g;s] ufp"sf s]6fs]6LnfO{ k9fP/ a:5' .Æ

…b'O{ hf]Osf kf]OÚ eP klg /fw]Zofdn] s'gf k;L ¿g' k/]sf] 5}g . klxnf] kTgL x'"bfx'"b} bf];|LnfO{ eufP/ NofPsf /fw]Zofd yk /x:o vf]Nb} eG5g\, æsfG5LnfO{ /fd|L b]v]/ h]7Lsf] ;Nnfxdf g} leœofPsf] x'" . sfG5Ln] k9fOdf lgs} ;xof]u u/]sL 5 .Æ pgsf] h]7L kTgLsf] s]xL cl3 lgwg ePsf] lyof] . h]7L kTgLaf6 hGd]sf ;Gtfgx¿dWo] h]7f] / dfOnf] 5f]/fn] rf/ / tLg sIff dfq k9]/ :s'n hfg} 5f]8]kl5 cfkm\gf] ;kgf etfe'ª ePsf]df b'Mlvt /f]wZofd ;f] ;kgf k"/f ug{ cfkm}+ sl:;Psf x'g\ . skfn km'n] klg k9\g] hf"u/ b]vfP/ gk9\g] 5f]/fx¿nfO{ pgn] nlHht t'NofOlbPsf 5g\ . sfG5L kTgLaf6 hGd]sf 5f]/fåo s's'nfn / ;f]dk|;fbsf ;fy} 5f]/Låo uLtf / dLgf Pjd\ Ps ;fgL gfltgL;"u lg;+sf]r ljBfno hfg]–cfpg] ub{5g\ .

ljutdf dWokfg / w'd|kfgdf /dfpg] /fw]Zofd ljBfno egf{ ePkl5 o;k|sf/sf] s'ntaf6 6f9f /x]sf 5g\ . cfly{s Pj+ z}lIfs ¿kdf ljkGg dflgg] yf¿ ;d'bfoaf6 olt kfsf] pd]/df P;=Pn=;L= k/LIff lbg] pgL g} klxnf] JolQm x'g\ . pgsf] nugzLntf Pjd\ pT;fx b]v]/ xf};nfk"j{s s}nfnL lhNnfsf b'O{hgf JolQmn] ;Q/L ¿k}of" sfkL lsGg k|bfg u/]sf lyP . o;sf cltl/Qm pgn] xfn;Dd s'g} ;xof]u kfPsf 5}gg\ .

nfvf}+ lszf]/–lszf]/Lx¿;"u o;jif{ eod'Qm jftfj/0fdf ljBfno hLjgsf] v'8\lsnf kf/ ug{ cu|;/ /fw]Zofd a"9f] pd]/sf] cWoogsf] s:tf] kmn rfVg kfp"5g\, To;sf nflu P;=Pn=;L=sf] glthf g} kv{g k5{, t/ 1fg xfl;n ug{ pd]/n] 5]Sb}g .

kfNkfdf n3'pBd Jofkf/ d]nf

slj/fh g]kfn

kfNkf . pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 kfNkfsf] cfof]hgfdf cfufdL j}zfvsf] klxnf] xKtf tfg;]gdf …n3' pBd Jofkf/ d]nf @)^)Ú cfof]hgf x'g] ePsf] 5 .

gj jif{sf] cj;/ kf/]/ cfof]hgf x'g nfu]sf] of] n3' d]nfaf6 lhNnfdf /x]sf ;fgf tyf n3' pTkfbgnfO{ pkef]Qmf ;dIf k'¥ofpg, gof" k|ljlwaf/] hfgsf/L lbg d2t k'Ug] nIo lnOPsf] 5 .

o;}u/L pBdL / k|ba4{gstf{aLrsf] b"/L sd ug]{ / :yfgLo k/Dk/fut nf]s ;+:s[ltsf] hu]{gf ug{ klg d]nfn] ;3fpg] p2]Zo cfof]hsx¿n] lnPsf 5g\ .

d]nfdf ^) j6f lhNnf / lhNnf aflx/sf :6nx¿ /flvg] atfOPsf] 5 . :yfgLo gf/fo0f:yfg km"naf/Ldf x'g] e]nf ;DkGg ug{ $! ;b:oLo d"n cfof]hs ;ldlt / To; cGtu{t !@ j6f pk;ldlt lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . h; cg';f/ cy{ ;+sng pk;ldlt ;+of]hs ;+ho k|wfg, k|rf/k|;f/ ;+of]hs e"if0f /fhnj6, :6n Joj:yfkg ;+of]hs k|jL0f ah|frfo{, ;'/Iff tyf :jo+;]js ;+of]hs /fh]zs'df/ zfSo /xg'ePsf] 5 . o:t} ;f+:s[lts Joj:yf pk;ldlt ;+of]hs /fh' dxh{g, l6s6 Joj:yf pk;ldlt ;+of]hs cf]d cn]uf], d"Nof+sg tyf hg;Dks{ ;ldlt ;+of]hs kz'klt e§/fO{ x'g'x'G5 .

o;}u/L :jfut ;Tsf/ tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ pk;ldlt ;+of]hs rsf]/dfg zfSo, d"nåf/ / d~r Joj:yf ;+of]hs If]qdfg zfSo, :jf:Yo;]jf tyf vfg]kfgL 8f]n/fh kf7s, emf"sL tyf ¥ofnL Joj:yf choaxfb'/ >]i7 /xg'ePsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ pk;ldlt ;+of]hs e"if0f /fhnj6n] atfpg'eof] .

kfNkfdf klxnf]k6s cfof]hgf ug{ nfluPsf] o:tf] k|sf/sf] d]nfn] oxf"sf] v:s"bf] Jofkf/ Joj;fonfO{ a9fjf lbg d2t k'Ug] cfzf pBf]uL÷Jofkf/Lx¿n] lnPsf 5g\ .

d]nf ;DkGg ug{ cfof]lht d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf pBf]u pkfWoIf dw'bofn ;}+h" /xg'ePsf] 5 .

pQm d]nfaf6 kfNkfsf afl;Gbfx¿n] lgs} g} /fxt ldNg] dx;"; u/]sf 5g\ . clxn] pQm d]nfnfO{ ;kmntfsf ;fy ;DkGg ug{sf nflu kfNkfjf;Lx¿ sf"wdf sf"w ldnfP/ cufl8 a9\g
yfn]sf oqtq b]lvG5g\ . pQm d]nfn] s]6fs]6Lb]lv j[4;Ddsf] dg lvRg] cg'dfg kfNjf;f;Lx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .

¿b|fIfM cfDbfgLsf] /fd|f] ;|f]t

k"0f{ /fO{

s]p/]kfgL–* /fDr]sf nf]saxfb'/ vqLn] o; jif{ t ;jf nfv ¿k}of" cfDbfgL u/] . h;af6 b;}"–ltxf/ vr{ 6fg{ dfq xf]Og, k'/fgf C0fkfg ltg{ / clnslt v]t hf]8\g klg pgL ;kmn eP . cfkm\gf v]taf/Lsf sfGnfx¿df 7l8Psf b;–afx| af]6 ¿b|fIf kmNg yfn]kl5 b;"}–ltxf/ vr{ / cGo 3/ vr{ o;}n] wfGg] u/]sf] 5 . pgL v';L x'"b} eG5g\– æ¿b|fIf t xfd|f] nflu j/bfg g} eof] .Æ pgsf] ¿vdf o; jif{ PSsfO; d'v] ¿b|fIf klg kmn]sf] lyof] .

lbªnf eg]/ lrlgg] pQ/L ef]hk'/sf d"nkfgL, s]p/]gLkfgL / t'+u]R5f uflj;x¿ ¿b|fIfsf d'Vo pTkfbg If]q x'g\ eg] To; cf;kf;sf If]qx¿df klg tLj| ¿kdf ¿b|fIf v]tLsf] lj:tf/ e}/x]sf] 5 . lxhf]cfh To; e]usf clwsf+z afl;Gbfsf] d'Vo gub]afnL g} aGg k'u]sf] 5– ¿b|fIf . x/]s 3/df sd;]sd Ps af]6 ¿b|fIf b]lvG5 . gePsfx¿n] klg wdfwd /f]Kg yfn]sf 5g\ .

To; e]udf …bfgfÚ eg]/ lrlgg] ¿b|fIf Joj;flos aGgdf o;sf] v]tL ug{ emGem6 gx'g' t/ /fd|f] bfd kfpg ;Sg' g} k|d'v sf/0f ePsf] d"nkfgL–% cf"k6f/L lgjf;L uf]kLaxfb'/ du/ atfp"5g\ . pgs} egfOdf x/]s jif{ sd;]sd rfnL;, krf; xhf/ ¿k}of" ¿b|fIfaf6} cfDbfgL x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

x'g klg Psk6s /f]k]kl5 t];|f] jif{b]lv ;fdfGo kmn nfUg yfNg] o;sf] j[Ifdf kf"rf}+ jf 5}6f}+ jif{b]lv dgUu] kmn nfU5 . Psk6s /f]k]sf] bfgfn] ;of}+ jif{;Dd kmn lbO/xG5 . kmn]sf] kmnnfO{ o;f] kf]sf] kf/]/ lbªnf eGHofª nUof], uf]hLel/ 6Gg k};f cfp"5 .

¿b|fIfsf] x/]s bfgfdf x'g] Ps lsl;dsf] k|fs[lts 3]/f]nfO{ d'v elgG5 . o;} d'vn] bfgfsf] d"No lgwf{/0f ub{5 . lbªnf eGHofª\ ahf/sf bfgf Jofkf/L 6Lsfk|;fb rfkfufO"sf] egfOdf –æPsd'v] ¿b|fIf b'n{e / clt dx"uf] x'G5 . Psd'v] ¿b|fIfsf] nfvf}+ ¿k}of";Dd kg{ ;S5 t/ Tof] e]l6b}+g .Æ ;f7L jif{eGbf dflysf] pd]/ k'lu;s] klg cfh;Dd pgn] Psd'v] bfgf b]v]sf 5|}gg\ .

;fteGbf w]/} d'v ePsf bfgfx¿nfO{ d'vbf/ eGg] rng 5 . To;}u/L b'O6f bfgf k|fs[lts ¿kdf hf]l8Psf]nfO{ Hjfnf / tLgj6f hf]l8Psf]nfO{ lqd'v eGg] ul/G5 . d'vbf/, Hjfnf / lqd'vnfO{ k|ltuf]6f kf"r ¿k}of"b]lv d'vsf] cfwf/df xhf/f}+ ¿k}of";Dd k5{ . w]/}d'v x'g] bfgf b'n{e x'G5 . t/, k|z:t dfqfdf kfOg] ;fdfGo bfgfsf] rflx" uf]6f uGtL x}g l6gsf] lx;fan] vl/b–laqmL x'G5 . ¿v}el/ x'g] ;fdfGo bfgfsf] bfd k|ltl6g krf; ¿k}of";Dd lbªnf ahf/df rn]sf] 5 .

cfjfn a|Dxrf/L if8fgGb clwsf/Ln] lj=;+= !*@) lt/ lbªnf eGHofªb]lv blIf0fkl§sf] kfvf]df ¿b|fIf /f]k]sf lyP . pgn] gd{b]Zj/ dxfb]j, Zn]idfGts dxfb]j / u'¿s'n ;+:s[t kf7zfnfsf] :yfkgf u/]kl5 To; cf;kf;df ;Lldt ;+Vofdf ¿b|fIf /f]k]sf lyP . pg}sf] l;sf] ub}{+ pgsf r]nf / c¿x¿n] cfkm\gf 3/ cf;kf;df /f]Kg yfn] . ;'¿df o;sf] dfnf nufpg] / af]6sf] sf7bfp/f agfpg]eGbf cGo s'g} k|of]hg lyPg .

lj=;+= @)#) b]lv :yfgLo Jofkf/L uf]ljGb a:g]tn] ufp"3/df kmn]sf bfgf ;:tf]d} ePklg vl/b ug{ yfn]kl5 o;n] Joj;flos ¿k lng yfNof] / ;a}sf] rf;f] ¿b|fIftkm{ df]l8of] . t/, lgs} nfdf] cGt/fn eO;Sbf klg o;n] k"0f{ Joj;flos ¿k eg] lnO;s]sf] 5}g / klg cfDbfgLsf] k|d'v ;|f]t eg] cjZo ag]sf] 5 . d"nkfgL–@, lrp/Laf]6]sf wgaxfb'/ tfdfªsf] egfO 5– æbfgf gx'g' xf] t b'O{ rf/ k};f cfDbfgL g} x/fp"5 .Æ pgL yK5g\ æbfgf v]tL efUodf klg e/ kg]{ h:tf] nfU5 lsgeg] s;}sf]df d'vbf/} d'vbf/ kmN5 s;}sf]df kmNb}g .Æ

Jofkf/L uf]ljGb a:g]t lbªnfdf k|ltjif{ ;f7L nfv ¿k}of";Ddsf] bfgf lsga]r x'g] atfp"5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ bfgfsf] d'Vo cGt/f{li6«o ahf/ ef/tsf] jf/f0f;L xf] . ;fy} g]kfnsf d'Vo wfld{s :ynx¿ klg ¿b|fIfsf /fd|f ahf/ x'g\ . h;df kz'kltgfy, u'x\o]Zj/L nufotsf cGo zlQmkL7x¿ klg kb{5g\ . To;}u/L lxGb"x¿ /xg] ljZjsf d'Vo ;x/x¿df klg lbªnfs} bfgf k'¥ofOg] ul/G5 .

¿b|fIf pTkfbg lbªnfafx]s ;+v'jf;efsf] rGbgk'/, kfªrf, vf"baf/L / pQ/L ef]hk'/s} b]p/fnL, g]kfn]8f"8f rf}sL8f"8f, s'n'ªdf klg x'g yfn]sf] 5 . t/ o;sf] Jofkfl/s s]Gb| eg] lbªnf g} xf] .

d"nkfgL–@ df kg]{ lrp/Laf]6], em's]{ynf / pbok'/ If]qdf ;a}eGbf w]/} ¿b|fIf pTkfbg x'g] csf{ Jofkf/L g/]z a:g]t atfp"5g\ . cfw'lgs 9+un] o;sf] v]tL ug{ kfv|Laf; s[lif s]Gb|af6 Ps bzs cl3 g} k|z:t cWoog cg';Gwfg eP klg ¿b|fIfsf] v]tLn] cem} k"0f{ Joj;flostf kfpg eg] ;s]sf] 5}g .

-;f}hGoM If]qLo ;~rf/ ;|f]t s]Gb|–lj/f6gu/_

hxfh s'bf{ Po/kf]6{df lj/fdL d/]

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

lbSt]n . xjfO{ oftfoftsf] dfq ;'ljwf /x"b} cfPsf] b'u{d lhNnf vf]6fªdf cf7 dlxgf cufl8b]lv lgoldt ¿kdf xjfO{ oftfoft ;+rfng gx'"bf pkrf/ u/fpg ;dodf sf7df8f}+ cfpg gkfP/ w]/} la/fdLn] Po/kf]6{df g} Hofg u'dfpg] cj:yf ;[hgf ePsf] 5 .

ljut cf7 dlxgf cufl8 dfcf]jfbLx¿n] nfld8f"8f Po/kf]6{sf] 6fj/df cfuf] nufOlbPkl5 nfld8f"8fsf] p8fg ;]jf clgoldt ePsf] xf] . h;sf sf/0f ofq' / la/fdLx¿sf] larNnL x'"b} cfPsf] 5 .

;f]xL cjlwdf pkrf/sf nflu sf7df8f}+ tyf lj/f6gu/ nfg egL Po/kf]6{df NofO{ k'¥ofOPsf aL;hgfeGbf a9L la/fdLx¿ Po/kf]6{df Kn]g s'bf{s'b}{ d/]sf 5g\ . :yfgLo afl;Gbf Pj+ e]6]g/L 8fS6/ w|'j e§/fO{n] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfPcg';f/ clxn] nfld8f"8f Po/kf]6{ d;fg3f6 h:tf] d"bf{x¿ y'k|f] nfUg] 7fp" h:tf] ePsf] 5 . xKtf, b; lbgdf Ps k6s hfg] u/]sf] Kn]g klg lgwf{l/t ;dodf hf"b}g h;n] ofq'x¿ cGof}ndf k/]sf 5g\ . ljut cf7 dlxgf cufl8 g} cfuf] nufP/ Iflt agfPsf] Po/kf]6{ dd{t gug'{ / ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ lgoldt ¿kdf Po/kf]6{df g} /fVg] kl/kf6L ldnfpg g;Sgfn] o:tf] ;d:of pTkGg ePsf] nfld8f"8fsf cf/=Pg=P;L=sf ;jcl;:6]06 /d]zs'df/ >]i7 atfpg'x'G5 .

oftfoftsf] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] Psdfq Kn]gsf] dfu{df klg pTkGg ;d:ofsf sf/0f vf]6fª dfu{df klg pTkGg ;d:ofsf sf/0f vf]6fª lhNnfsf dfq geP/ ;f]n' / cf]vn9'+ufsf s]xL afl;Gbfx¿ ;d]t k|efljt x'gk'u]sf 5g\ .

ut laxLaf/ dfq pkrf/sf nflu sf7df8f}+ Nofpg nfluPsf ;fthgf ladf/LdWo] s'le08] uflj;sf t]haxfb'/ /fO{ Kn]g r9\g @ ld6/ af"sL x'"bf d/]sf lyP . pgnfO{ tLg lbg cufl8b]lv emf8fjfGtfn] ;tfPsf] lyof] . ;ft hgf ufp"n]x¿n] @ lbg cufl8b]lv nfld8f"8f NofO{ k'¥ofPsf lyP . pgL hxfhsf] bz{g u/]/ dg{ afWo eP . c¿ % hgf ladf/L eg] tLg p8fgdf cfpg ;kmn ePsf lyP . t/, zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudsf] p8fgdf cfpg] t/v/df /x]sf Pshgf la/fdL p8fg g} SoflG;n ePkl5 cfpg kfPgg\ . nfld8f"8fdf olt / lgudsf] ;]jf rfn" 5 . xKtf lbg s'/]kl5 Psk6s cfOk'Ug] Kn]g SoflG;n eP klg ofq'x¿ c;fWo} kL8fdf kb{5g\ . ;do sf6\g cK7\of/f] t 5"b}5 . sf7df8f}+ cfP/ pkrf/ ug]{ vr{ Toxf" vf"bfa:bf g} ;lsG5 .

;ft lbg;Dd () ¿k}of" 5fssf] eftn] lk/f]lnPsf :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿ c"Wof/f] d'v nufp"b} kf]sf k'Gt'/f af]sL lx"8\g afWo x'G5g\ .

lzj/flq d]nfsf qmddf xn]zL dxfb]jsf] bz{gsf nflu uPsf sltko ofbjx¿ Kn]g ghf"bf nfld8f"8fdf g} nfdf] ;dob]lv s'l//xg afWo 5g\ .

o'4lj/fdkl5 klg Kn]gsf] cJojl:yt cfudg / k|:yfgn] ofq'x¿ hlQs} k|efljt x'"b} cfPsf 5g\ . el/ofx¿ zfxL g]kfn jfo' ;]jf lgudsf] lj1fkg /flt ;jf gf} ah]dfq k|;f/0f x'g] x'"bf pgLx¿ &) ¿k}of" ln6/sf] d§Lt]n afn]/ ;w+}el/ Kn]g cfOxfN5 ls egL /]l8of] ;'lg/xg afWo 5g\ . pgLx¿ Kn]g lbgf;fy ef/L af]Sg hfg] dgl:yltdf x'G5g\ . sltko el/ofx¿ t ef/L g} gkfO{ To;} kmls{g] u/]sf 5g\ .

ef/L af]Sg cfPsf vfkf{sf ;'ef; e'h]n, 8Nn' ;fsL{n] b'Mv a];fp"b} Kn]g cfp"5 eg]/ cfof] Kn]g g} cfp"b}g ef/L klg slxn]sfxL" dfq kfOG5 . kfPsf lbg vfg kfOG5, gkfPsf lbg ef]s} kms{g'k5{ eg] . pgLx¿n] Kn]gsf] lj1fkg dfq laxfg–a]n'sfsf] ;dodf lbg] u/] klg s]xL /fxt ldNg] atfP . To:t} Kn]g lgoldt ¿kdf cfp"bf cfkm"x¿n] /fd|f] cfly{s nfe p7fPsf] t/ cfhef]ln lhp"g g} ufx|f] ePsf] pgLx¿n] atfP . lgoldt ¿kdf Kn]g lbP /fd|f] x'g] ts{ pgLx¿sf] 5 eg] ofq'x¿ klg o;df ;xdt 5g\ . xKtfdf Ps k6s dfq uP klg af/sf] Plsg ug'{kg]{ ts{ pgLx¿sf] 5 .

l6lrªdf 5'6, sLlt{k'/df d]ufxn

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . lqe'jg ljZjljBfnon] sl/a @ xhf/ ljBfyL{ Ifdtfsf] k/LIff ejg sLlt{k'/df j}zfv ! ut] lznfGof; ug]{ ePsf] 5 . ! jif{leq} lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug]{ nIo lnOPsf] ;f] k/LIff ejg lgdf{0f ePkl5 k/LIffsf sf/0f ljBfyL{n] u'dfpg'k/]sf] cWoogsf] d'Vo ;do -# dlxgf hlt_ jrt x'g] ePsf] 5 . d]ufxn lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ nufot ;ft ;"qLo dfu /fvL cfGbf]ngdf pq]sf] g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf] bafadf pQm ejg lgdf{0f ug{ lqlj /fhL ePsf] xf] . o;sf cnfjf lqe'jg ljZjljBfno cfkm\gf] cflËs SofDk;cGt/utsf] lqlj lzIf0f c:ktfndf lqljsf ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu c:ktfnn] k|bfg ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;]jfdf krf; k|ltzt 5'6 lbg /fhL ePsf] 5 . g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3n] ljleGg ;ft ;"qLo dfu /fvL u/]sf] cfGbf]ngsf] kl/0ffd :j¿k ljZjljBfno ;f] lg0f{o ug{ afWo ePsf] xf] .

o;sf cnfjf lqljn] g]kfn lghL :jf:Yo ;+3sf cWoIf ef]nf l/hfn;"u ljBfyL{x¿df nfUg] :jf:Yof]krf/ vr{df ;x'lnot lbg cfu|x u/]sf] 5 eg] >L % sf] ;/sf/cGtu{tsf c:ktfn / :jf:Yo s]Gb|x¿df pkrf/ u/fp"bf nfUg] z'Nsdf krf; k|ltzt /sd 5'6 u/fpg] ;DaGwdf :jf:YodGqL;"u ePsf] 5nkmndf ;sf/fTds cfZjf;g kfPsf] atfPsf] 5 . ;+3sf] cGwf–ckfË hghflt;"u ;DalGwt dfudf ;sf/fTds lg0f{o ub}{ lqe'jg ljZjljBfnon] lgodfg';f/ egf{ ePsf cGwf–ckfË ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ lgMz'Ns egf{ lng] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 eg] cGo blnt, hghflt, lk5l8Psf b'u{d If]qsf ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu 5fqj[lQnufot ;'ljwfx¿sf] ;d]t Joj:Yff u/L ;f]sf] nflu Ps sf]if :yfkgf ug]{ ePsf] 5 . lqljn] cfkm\gf lzIfs sd{rf/Lx¿ c¿ lzIf0f ;+:yfdf ;+nUg x'g' lqljn] xfnsf] lgod s8fOsf ;fy nfu" ug{ Ps ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf hf/L ug]{ ePsf] 5 . ;f] ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] @ dlxgfleq klg lgodfg';f/ gug]{ lzIfs sd{rf/LnfO{ lgodfg';f/ ug]{ atfOPsf] 5 .

o;}u/L ;+3åf/f /flvPsf] z}lIfs C0f ;DaGwdf klg lq=lj= uDeL/ eO{ kl/0ffd pGd'v ePsf] atfPsf] 5 . z}lIfs k|df0fkqsf] cfwf/df z}lIfs C0f pknAw u/fpg 7f]; ¿kdf sxf"af6 s]–s:tf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsG5 ;f]af/] cWoog u/L l;kmfl/; ;fy Ps dlxgfleq k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ 8f= tLy{k|;fb ld>sf] ;+of]hsTjdf # ;b:oLo ;ldlt klg u7g ul/;s]sf] 5 .

;+3åf/f /flvPsf] ljBfyL{ ;DaGwL 3/ef8f ;DaGwdf lqljn] pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqL tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqL, dxfgu/ Pj+ gu/kflnsfx¿;"u ;f] ;DaGwdf kqfrf/ u/]sf] / lqljdf nufgL j[l4 ug]{ ;DaGwdf cfGtl/s ;|f]t kl/rfng Pjd\ cGo ;Defjgfx¿ cWoog ug{ 8f= ;Gtf]if/fh kf}8]nsf] ;+of]hsTjdf tLg ;b:oLo ;ldlt ;d]t u7g ul/;s]sf] 5 .

ljleGg ;ft ;"qLo dfu /fvL kmfu'g÷r}t dlxgfdf u/]sf] sl/a Ps dlxgf nfdf] cfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt o; pknlAwnfO{ pkof]u, k|rf/ / cg'udg ub}{ ;+3if{nfO{ cl3Nnf] r/0fdf n}hfg] g]lj;+3n] hgfPsf] 5 .

ls;fg ;+3df sf]O/fnf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}" . r}t !# ut]b]lv !% ut];Dd g]kfn ls;fg ;+3sf] eQmk'/df ;DkGg bf];|f] dxflwj]zgn] jf;'b]j z/0f sf]O/fnfsf] ;efkltTjdf !% ;b:oLo s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf] rog u/]sf] 5 . ;j{;Ddltaf6 rog pQm ;ldltn] nj>L Gof}kfg], bLks kf}8]n, jf;'b]j clwsf/L, efg' l;Ub]n, 6]s/fh e§/fO{, lbg]z kf08], ljZj]Zj/ ofbj, zlznfn rf}w/L rqmdfg 8+uf]n, kml0fsfGt 5Ts'nL, s[i0f lu/L, eutaxfb'/ nfdf, /fdrGb| e§, g/]Gb| sf]O/fnf, >LdtL zf/bf ;'j]bL /xg'ePsf] 5 .

clwj]zgn] !* c;f]hsf] zfxL sbdn] hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf dfly 7f8f] k|xf/ ePsf] 7x/ ub}{ To:tf] ;Rofpg zflGtk"0f{ ;zQm cfGbf]ng ug]{, ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] o'4 lj/fdnfO{ ;sf/fTds ¿kdf ln"b} o;nfO{ :yfoL zflGtdf kl/0ft ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg], dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/aLr x'g] zflGt jftf{df /fhg}lts kf6L{sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'g] x'"bf hgfwf/ ePsf kf6L{x¿nfO{ ljZjf;df lnP/ jftf{ ;kmn t'Nofpg bjfj l;h{gf ug]{, @)$^ sf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngsf] pknlJwnfO{ ;+/If0f ub}{ g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg xfn k"0f{ ¿kdf lqmofzLn agfpg k|ltlglw;efsf] k'gM:yfkgf cfjZos ePsf]n] cljnDa k|ltlglw;ef k'gM:yfkgfy{ zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngdf pqg], hgcfGbf]ng @)$^ sf] pknlJwsf] hu]gf{ ug{ k|hftGqdf ljZjf; /fVg] ;Dk"0f{ k|hftflGqs zlQmnfO{ ;xsfo{ ug{ j[xb\ k|hftflGqs Pstfsf] ;"qdf cfj4 x'g cfx\jfg ug]{ /fhgLlts lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

o;n] e'6fgL z/0ffyL{sf] ;d:of cljnDa ;dfwfg u/L ltgnfO{ ;–;Ddfg :jb]z kms{g] Joj:yf ldnfpg, xfn O/fsdf rln/x]sf] o'4 ;dfKt u/L zflGt :yfkgf ug{ pQm o'4sf sf/0f hf]lvddf k/]sf ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL sfdbf/x¿sf] cfjZos ;'/Iffsf] k|jGw ldnfpg, >L % sf] ;/sf/n] xfn} ck|Toflzt ?kdf k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Noj[l4 u/]sf] / o;af6 vf;u/L ls;fgju{nfO{ 7"nf] dsf{ k/]sf]n] pQm lg0f{o lkmtf{ lng ;/sf/;"u cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .

dn]v'df …cfsl:ds c:ktfnÚ

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

dn]v' . ;8s b'3{6gfdf k/L ;dodf pkrf/ geP/ x'g] d/0faf6 k[YjL /fhdfu{df ;jf/L ug]{ ofq'x¿ hf]lug] ePsf 5g\ .

k[YjL /fhdfu{sf] gf}aL;]–d'lUnª v08df x'g] clws ;jf/L b'3{6gf / b'3{6gfdf k/L uDeL/ 3fOt] ag]sfx¿sf] ;dodf pkrf/ x'g g;Sbf ePsf] d/0fnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL dn]v'df lghL k|of;df …cfsl:dsÚ …8«dfÚ c:ktfnsf] :yfkgf x'g] ePsf] 5 . …k|mfO08; ckm g]kfnÚ cfly{s, k|fljlws / Joj:yfksLo ;xof]udf lgdf{0f x'g] pQm c:ktfnsf] lznfGof; ;DkGg eO;s]sf]] 5 .

kmfOgfG; ckm g]kfnsf cWoIf lgdf gf]a'{ z]kf{ / wflbªsf k"j{ ;f+;b /fh]Gb| kf08]n] ;+o'Qm ¿kdf lznfGof; ug'{ePsf] pQm c:ktfn jif{ lbgleq} ;+rfngdf cfpg] atfOG5 . pQm c:ktfn lgdf{0fsf nflu :yfgLo a]gL3f6 ufp" ljsf; ;ldltn] ^ /f]kfgL hUuf pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 . cfly{s ;|f]t kmfOgfG; ckm g]kfnn] h'6fpg] ePsf] 5 .

of] If]qdf cflws b'3{6gf x'g], c:ktfn klg gePsf] / b'3{6gfsf 3fOt]x¿ sf7df8f}+, e/tk'/ k'Ug' cufj} dl/;Sg] cj:yf b]lvPsf]n] xfdL b'3{6gfsf ;a} 3fOt]sf] ;Dk"0f{ pkrf/ ug{ g;lsP klg ltgnfO{ cfsl:ds pkrf/ lbP/ arfpg ;lsof];\ eg]/ of] c:ktfn vf]lnPsf] xf] . b'3{6gfdf k/]sf] dfG5]nfO{ arfpg ;lsof] eg] uDeL/ rf]6sf pkrf/ c¿ ;|f]t ;fwg ;DkGg 7fp"df u/fpg] ;do k|fKt x'G5 .

ko{6sx¿sf] klg cTolws cfjfudg x'g] Jo:t dfu{sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] k[YjL /fhdfu{sf] gf}aL;] d'lUnË v08sf] dWodfudf aGg] of] c:ktfn lgdf{0fdf ko{6g Joj;foLx¿n] :j]lR5s cfly{s ;xof]u ug]{ cfzf o;sf lgdf{tfx¿n] lnPsf 5g\ . ko{6g Joj;foLx¿sf] :j]lR5s of]ubfg, k|m]G8;\ ckm g]kfnsf] ;xof]u / :yfgLo a]gL3f6 uflj;sf] ;+o'Qm k|of;df of] c:ktfn ;+rfng x'g]5 . c:ktfn ;+rfngdf :jb]zL ljb]zL :jo+;]jLx¿nfO{ klg ;]jf ug]{ cj;/ lbOg]5 . k|m]08; ckm g]kfnsf cWoIf z]kf{n] hgfpg'eP cg';f/ of] c:ktfnn] 3'DtL :jf:Yo lzlj/ klg ;+rfng ug]{5 .

cf/f]xL NxfDkf gof" sLlt{dfgsf] tof/Ldf

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . gjf}" k6s;Dd ;u/dfyfsf] ;kmn cf/f]x0f u/]sf NxfDkf u]n' z]kf{ cfwf/ lzlj/af6 !% 306fsf] 5f]6f] cjlwdf ;u/dfyfsf] lzv/df k'Ug] gof" nIo lnP/ ;u/dfyflt/ nfu]sf 5g\ .

pgL ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fsf] :j0f{ hoGtL cj;/df of] nIo xfl;n ug{ cu|;p/ ePsf x'g\ .

o; ;DaGwL hfgsf/L lbg r}t !# ut] cfof]lht k|]; ;Dd]ngdf pgn] eg], æ;g\ !((( df ;u/dfyfsf] ;kmn cf/f]x0f u/]kl5 :j0f{ dxf]T;jsf] cj;/df sLlt{dfg /fVg] u/L cf/f]x0f ug]{ ljrf/ u/]sf lyP . clxn] To;}nfO{ ;fsf/
¿k lb"b}5' .Æ

pgn] o;k"j{ !((#, !(($, !((%, !((^, !((&, !((*, !((( df @ k6s / @))! df ;u/dfyfsf] ;kmn cf/f]x0f ul/;s]sf 5g\ . pgn] ^ k6s g]kfntkm{af6 / # k6s ltAatlt/af6 lzv/ cf/f]x0f u/]sf lyP .

cfwf/ lzlj/af6 ;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f]df k'Ug] ;do cGbfh ul/;s]sf] atfpg] NxfSkf ;don] ;fy lbPdf cem sd ;dodf cf/f]x0f ug]{ atfp"5g\ . o;k6s pgn] ;u/dfyfsf] rr'/f]df @ lkm6 nfdf] lkQnsf] rGb|–;"o{ c+lst g]kfnsf] /fli6«o em08f klg uf8\g] ePsf 5g\ . ;u/dfyf afx]s a¿0fT;], rf]–o", cfdfbAndsf] klg pgn] k6s k6s cf/f]x0f ul/;s]sf 5g\ .

;]gfgL ;+3sf] sfo{;Dkfbg ;ldlt u7g

sf7df8f}+ . oxL r}q & ut] g]kfn k|hftGq ;]gfgL ;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /ljejgdf a;]sf] a}7sn] s]Gb|Lo sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 .

;+3sf ;efklt lrqs'df/ >]i7sf] ;efkltTjdf ul7t pQm ;ldltsf] pk;efkltdf dfz{n h'n'd zfSo / nIdLk|;fb >]i7, dxf;lrjdf df]xgl;+x yfkf, sf]iffWoIfdf >L a]vf/Tg zfSo, k|jQmfdf 6+sk|;fb s"8]n, ;b:odf Zofdnfn >]i7, efg'eQm ;'j]bL, hgfb{gk|;fb kmf}hbf/ /xg' ePsf] 5 .

@)^) j}zfv @) ut]leq lhNnf clwj]zg ;DkGg u/L k|To]s lgjf{rg If]qaf6 #–# hgf s]Gb|Lo k|fljlwssf] gfdfjnL s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fO;Sg'kg]{ lg0f{o klg u/]sf] 5 .

ef]hk'/] k|hftflGqs d~rsf] k'gu{7g

b]zfGt/ ;Djfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . ef]hk'/] k|hftflGqs d~rsf cWoIf s]bf/ sfsL{n] d~rsf] k'gu{7g ug'{ePsf] 5 .

ef]hk'/af6 sf7df8f}+ cfO{ ljleGg k];fdf cfa4 /xL sf7df8f}+df :yfoL÷c:yfoL ¿kdf a;f]af; ug]{ g]kfnL sf+u|];;"u ;Da4 ef]hk'/]x¿sf] ;femf ;+:yfsf] ¿kdf ljsl;t ef]hk'/] k|hftflGqs d~rnfO{ cem ;zQm / k|efjsf/L agfpgsf] nflu sfo{;ldlt k'g{u7g ul/Psf] ljZjf; cWoIf sfsL{n] lnPsf 5g\ . lj:tfl/t sfo{ ;ldlt o;k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .

cWoIfdf s]bf/ sfsL{, pkfWoIf gu]Gb| /fO{, dxf;lrj nId0f a:g]t, sf]iffWoIf /]vaxfb'/ yfkf, ;b:ox¿df sf]lkn yfkf, t]haxfb'/ /fO{, Ps/fh ltldlN;gf, u0f]z a'9fyf]sL, o'j/fh sfsL{, s[i0f /fodfemL, uh]Gb| sfsL{, rf]n]Gb| 9sfn, ;"o{ /fO{, ¿b| rfkfufO", sf}lznf /fO{, km'jf{ z]kf{, bf}nt clwsf/L, eQm /fO{, lzj 9sfn /x]sf 5g\ .

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