Kathmandu, Sunday, February 15, 2004,  Falgun 03, 2060. 

klxnf] kfgf

;lqmo /fhtGqsf] ofqfdf /fhf

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfnu~hsf] ;Daf]wgkl5 /fhf !# jif{cl3 cfkm}+n] :jLsf/ u/]sf] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] dfGotfaf6 kl5 x6]/ k'gM ;lqmo /fhtGqsf] k|ltufdL ofqflt/ nDs]sf] 5n{Ë ePsf] 5 . c;f]h !* sf] k|ltudg ;Rofpg bafa lb"b} cfPsf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf kIfkftL k|d'v ;+;b\jfbL /fhgLlts bnx¿ /fhfsf] kZrufdL ofqfsf] lj?4df efjL /0fgLlt agfpg h'6]sf 5g\ . o; qmddf lxhf] ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf a;]sf] s]Gb|Lo hgcfGbf]ng ;+of]hg ;ldltsf] a}7sn] kmfu'g & ut] k|hftGq lbj;sf] lbg ;+3if{sf efjL sfo{qmdx¿ 3f]if0ff ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

/fhfsf] dg;fo 5n{Ë

nf]stGqsf kIfw/ /fhgLlts zlQm / a'l4hLjLx¿sf] Pp6} lgisif{ 5– g]kfnu~hsf] ;Daf]wgnfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ /fhf ;+j}wflgs eP/ a:g grfx]sf] 5nË ePsf] 5 . df3 @% ut] cfOtaf/ dWo klZrdf~rnjf;Lsf gfp“df b/af/sf] lgb]{zgdf /fhfjfbLx¿n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] clegGbg sfo{qmddf >L % n] elgaS:of]– …casf lbgx¿df /fhf b]lvg] t/ g;'lgg], hgtfn] cf“z' aufp“bf klg x]/]/ a:g] cj:yf 5}g .Ú /fhfaf6 cleJoQm of] jfSosf] /fhgLlts cy{ xf]– ca >L % ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] dfGotfcg'¿k a:g tof/ xf]OaS;Gg . /fhfsf] ;f] ;Daf]wgnfO{ ljZn]if0f ub}{ /fhgLltzf:qL k|f= s[i0f vgfn eGg'x'G5– …;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqk|ltsf] /fhfsf] k|lta4tf cf]7] elQmdfq xf] eGg] s'/f df};'kmsf cfr/0f / Jojxf/n] k'li6 ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . /fhfsf] kl5Nnf] ;Daf]wgn] klg df};'km ;+j}wflgs ;Ldfdf a:g clgR5's ePsf] 5n{Ë kf/]sf] 5 . o; s'/fdf ca sf]xL klg e|ddf a:g' x'"b}g .Ú

lnlvt dGtJodf >L % n] dfcf]jfbL / lj3l6t ;+;b\sf /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ Pp6} txdf /fv]/ o;/L nfl~5t ug]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . ljZj Oltxf;n] pTs[i6 zf;g Joj:yf 7x¥ofPsf] ax'bnLo Joj:yfnfO{ g]kfndf c;kmn l;4 ug]{ b'ik|of;x¿, hgtfsf] lxtdf gaf]Ng] t/ ;Qfsf] xfgyfkdf Jo:t eP/ k|hftGqnfO{ g} sdhf]/ agfpg], lgd'vf hgtfnfO{ cft+lst t'Nofpg], 7"nf] b'Mv u/]/ agfPsf] ljsf;sf ;+/rgf eTsfpg] h:tf b]z / hgtflj/f]wL ultljlwx¿ ca aGb x'g'k5{ .

cyf{t\ /fhfsf b[li6df xltof/ af]s]/ xToflx+;f / cft+s dRrfpg] dfcf]jfbL / zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngdf ljZjf; ug]{ ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x¿ Ps} x'g\ . ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x¿nfO{ /fhfaf6 lbOPsf] of] bhf{n] :jo+ /fhfsf] lgot phfu/ ug{ d2t u/]sf] 5 .

;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] 3]/fdf cfkm" a:g grfx]sf] ;Gb]z t /fhfaf6 g]kfnu~h ;Daf]wgdf o;af/] pRrf/0f;d]t gu/]/ lbOPsf] 5 . ljutdf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqk|lt lg/Gt/ ¿kdf k|lta4tf JoQm ub}{ cfPsf]df df};'kmn] o;k6s ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] dfq pNn]v ul/aS;]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ cfGbf]ng/t g]tfx¿n] ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] cfj/0fdf /fhfn] ;lqmo /fhtGq rfx]sf] ljZn]if0f u/]sf 5g\ . ca /fhfn] lgb{nLo k~rfotsf] 7fp“df ax'bnLo Joj:yf /fv]/ #) jif{df em}+ ;lqmo /fhgLlt ug{ vf]h]sf] b]lvG5 .

To;f] t kf}g] tLg jif{cl3sf] csNkgLo b/af/ xTofsf08kl5 u2Lg;Lg ePsf] s]xL ;dokl5 jt{dfg >L % 1fg]Gb|af6 bz{ge]6sf qmddf kqsf/x¿nfO{ …cfk"m bfh' h:tf] r'k nfu]/ ga:g]Ú ljrf/ JoQm ul/aS;]sf] lyof] . /fhfsf tL cleJolQmx¿ k|lt

k|hftflGqs v]dfaf6 Toltv]/ JoQm ul/Psf] cfz+sf cfh cfP/ s7f]/ ;Todf ?kfGt/0f x'g nfu]sf] 5 . To;sf] Ps jif{kl5 @)%( c;f]h !* ut] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] dd{nfO{ s'lNrP/ /fhfaf6 lgjf{lrt b]pjf ;/sf/ ckb:y ug]{ / sfo{sf/L clwsf/ cfkm\g} xftdf lng] sfd ePsf] lyof] . To;otf /fhfaf6 cfkm\gf] dgf]dfgLdf b'O{j6f ;/sf/ u7g ug]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . lgwf{l/t ;dodf r'gfj ug{ c;Ifd eg]/ tTsfnLg ;/sf/ ckb:y u/]sf] !^ dlxgf lalt;Sof] . t/, r'gfj x'g] ;+s]t;Dd b]lv"b}g . en} /fhf / /fhfsf] ;/sf/af6 r'gfjsf] /6 nufpg] sfo{ lg/Gt/ hf/L /x]sf] lsg gxf];\ . kf6L{x¿n] /fhfnfO{ ;+j}wflgs dof{bfdf rNgsf] nflu cg'go–ljgo ul//x] t/ /fhfaf6 To;sf] pk]Iff eO/x\of] . To;kl5 gof“ jif{sf] ;'?jft;“u} kf6L{x¿ /fhfnfO{ ;+ljwfgsf] 6ofsdf Nofpg bafad"ns la/f]wdf pqg afWo eP . ;8s cfGbf]ng ;'? ePsf] klg !) dlxgf lalt;s]sf] 5 . t/ /fhfaf6 ;+jfb / ;xdltsf] af6f] /f]Hg'sf] ;f6f] ;lqmo /fhtGqtkm{ Psf]xf]/f] cu|;/ xf]OaS;]sf] 5 .

;do;“u} /fhfsf cleJolQmx¿df :j/ a9\b} uPsf] :ki6 cfef; kfOG5 . lj/f6gu/df PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] /fhtGq k|hftGqsf nflu eGg] /fhfsf] efiff To;sf] tLg dlxgfkl5 wgu9Ldf k'Ubf cs}{ eO;s]sf] lyof]– ænf]stGqdf rNg' /fh;+:yfsf] ckl/jt{gLo k|lta4tf xf] .Æ g]kfnu~h k'Ubf /fhfsf] pQm k|lta4tfn] gof“ cy{ vf]H5– hgtfsf] b'Mv x]g]{ t/ gaf]Ng] / hgtfn] cf“z' aufp“bf klg x]/]/ a:g] cj:yf 5}g .

;a} lj/f]wdf

/fhfsf] ;lqmo /fhtGqjfbL dxŒjfsf+Iffn] el/Psf] ;f] ;Daf]wgsf] /fhf ;lqmo x'"bf lglxt nfe kfpg] afx]s ;a}lt/af6 tLj| lj/f]w eO/x]sf] 5 . ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] df]rf{df /x]sf] sf+u|];, Pdfn]nufot kf“r kf6L{, ;+o'Qm jfddf]rf{ / g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ nufot nf]stGqsf] kIfw/ ;a} kf6L{x¿n] /fhfsf] ;Daf]wgdf ;lGglxt s'/fk|lt tLj| c;xdlt k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ . c? t c? k"j{ k+rx¿sf] kf6L{ /fk|kf ;+:yfkg kIfn] ;d]t /fhfsf] ;+af]wgaf6 ;lqmo /fhtGqsf] cfef; kfPsf] 5 . p To;sf] lj/f]wdf ePsf] bfjL u/]sf] 5 .

lxhf] ;DkGg ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ng ;+of]hg ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] lg0f{odf elgPsf] 5– æ/fhfaf6 ToxL+ JoQm ljrf/x¿ g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$&, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo ;+;bLo k|hftGqsf] dd{, efjgf tyf g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgfljk/Lt 5 .Æ /fhfaf6 g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ @)$^ ;fneGbf cufl8sf] l:yltdf k'¥ofpg] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] dd{ljk/Lt /fhfsf] rfxgf b]lvPsf] atfp“b} tL bnx¿n] cfk"mx¿sf] cufl8 hgtfnfO{ jf:tljs ¿kdf clwsf/ ;DkGg t'Nofpg hgcfGbf]ngsf] ljsNk gePsf] :ki6 kf/]sf] 5 . kf“r bnn] hgtfsf] clwsf/ k|flKtsf] nflu ;a}nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ hgcfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL x'g cfx\jfg ;d]t u/]sf 5g\ .

kf“r bn oltv]/ hgcfGbf]ngnfO{ s;/L ;zQm agfpg] eGg] /0fgLlt agfpg h'6]sf 5g\ . k|To]s kf6L{n] cf–cfkm\g} 9+un] tof/ kf/]sf] /0fgLlt / sfo{qmdnfO{ oxL rf/ ut] a:g] s]Gb|Lo hgcfGbf]ng ;+of]hg ;ldltsf] a}7sdf k]; ul/g] hfgsf/L Pdfn] g]tf ;'efif g]Dafªn] b]zfGt/nfO{ lbg'eof] . kmfu'g & ut] ;fj{hlgs ul/g] ;+3if{sf gof“ sfo{qmdx¿ klg ;f]xL a}7sn] to ug]{ s'/f pxf“n] atfpg'eof] .

o;/L /fhf k|ltufdL lbzflt/ cu|;/ x'"b} hf“bf df};'km / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqjfbL kf6L{x¿sf aLrdf b'/L / ;+3if{ cfufdL lbgx¿df emg\ a9\b} hfg] b]lvG5 .

/fhfsf cleJolQm;“u ef/t c;Gt'i6

sf7df8f}+ . /fhfn] cd]l/sL ;fKtflxs klqsf …6fOdÚnfO{ lbPsf] cGtjf{tf{k|lt l5d]sL /fi6« ef/tn] c;Gt'li6 JoQm u/]sf] 5 .

ldq/fi6« ef/tsf k|wfgdGqL c6n laxf/L afhk]oLn] g]kfnl:yt ef/tLo b"tfjf;df kmf]g u/L …/Úsf ljz]if k|ltlglwdfkm{t cfk\mgf] c;Gt'li6 k//fi6« ljz]ifb"t 8f= e]ifaxfb'/ yfkf;dIf k'¥ofpg lgb]{zg lbg'ePsf] hfgsf/L Ps pRr ;dfrf/ ;"qn] b]zfGt/nfO{ lbPsf] 5 .

…6fOdÚnfO{ lbPsf] cGtjf{tf{df /fhfaf6 ;8s cfGbf]ngdf ;lqmo ljBfyL{n] nufPsf] u0ftGqsf] gf/fnfO{ /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] …bafa /0fgLltÚsf] ¿kdf lnOalS;Psf] atfp“b} :ju{jf;L /fhf >L % jL/]Gb|sf] pbf/tfnfO{ sdhf]/Lsf ¿kdf lnP/ w]/} JolQmx¿n] b'¿kof]u u/]sf] cf/f]k nufOalS;Psf] lyof] .

cGtjf{tf{df– /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] dfuk|lt /fhfsf] egfO lyof]– o;sf] cy{ pgLx¿ ;/sf/df Do'lhsn r]o/ eO/xf];\ eGg] rfxG5g\ eGg] x'G5 . s] Tof] g} xf] t xfdLnfO{ rflxPsf] < clxn] d uDeL/ 5' eGg] s'/f pgLx¿n] a'em\b}5g\ eGg] nfu]sf] 5 .

/fhgLlts bn / ax'bnLo Joj:yfk|lt cGtjf{tf{df JoQm s7f]/ cleJolQmk|lt cfklQ hgfp“b} ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL afhk]oLn] c;Gt'li6 JoQm u/]sf] ;Da4 ;"qn] atfPsf] 5 . /fhfaf6 æ6fOdÆ;“usf] cGtjf{tf{df rnfvLk"0f{ efiffdf cfk"m ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/Ifs ePsf] / ;+ljwfg eP;Dd ;a}nfO{ ;+ljwfgsf] 3]/fdf tflg/xg] cleJolQm JoQm ePsf] lyof] . t/, kl5Nnf]k6s g]kfnu~hdf cfof]lht dWoklZrdf~rn gful/s clegGbg ;df/f]xdf æcasf lbgx¿df /fhf b]lvg] t/ g;'lgg], hgtfsf] b'Mv x]g{] t/ gaf]Ng], hgtfn] cf“z' aufp“bf klg x]/]/ dfq a:g] cj:yf 5}gÆ eGg] cleJolQm hfx]/ u/]/ zf;g ;~rfngdf ;lqmo x'g] clenfiff k|s6 ul/aS;]sf] lyof] .

e|i6frf/lj?4 dxfe|i6frf/ clVtof/sf d'lVtof/

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . clVtof/sf d'lVtof/ ;"o{gfy pkfWofon] e|i6frf/Lx¿sf] gfdsf] ;"rL agfpg] qmdd} cfkm}+n] s/f]8f}+ s'DNofPsf] tYox¿ km]nf k/]sf] 5 . clVtof/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]unfO{ e|i6frf/lj?4 cfqmfds ¿kdf cufl8 a9fpg] qmdsf] k|f/Des} k|d'v cfo'Qm pkfWofon] s'DNofpg] sfd klg ;'? u/]sf lyP .

pkfWofon] e|i6frf/df ;+nUg /xL cs't ;DklQ sdfPsf] elgPsf JolQmx¿sf] ;"rL clVtof/df cfkm}+n] btf{ ug{ nufO{ To;}sf] cf8df e|i6frf/;DaGwL P]g kfl/t u/fpg]b]lv g]tf tyf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ sf/afxLsf] qf; b]vfP/ /sd c;'Nb} cfO/x]sf] /x:o v'n]sf] 5 .

pkfWofon] clVtof/df a;]/ e|i6frf/sf] cf/f]kdf ;'? u/]sf] sf/afxLsf] k|lqmof Psbd} gf6sLo / ;'lgof]lht /x]sf] k|:6 x'"b} cfPsf] 5 . rt'¥ofO"k"0f{ tl/sfaf6 k|d'v cfo'Qmdf lgo'Qm ePsf pkfWofon] of]hgfa4 ¿kdf /fhgLlts kf6L{sf g]tf / /fhb/af/;d]tnfO{ cfkm\gf] ceLi6 k"/f ug]{ sfddf km;fpg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . clVtof/df cfpgf;fy @)%* df3 !! ut] k"j{ cy{dGqL, ;lrj, ;x;lrjnufotsf Ps ;o &@ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] gfd ;dfj]z u/L e|i6frf/ u/]sf] cf/f]kdf clVtof/df ph'/L xfNg nufOof] . clVtof/ ;Da4 ;"qsf cg';f/ ;f] ph'/L pkfWofos} ;lqmotf / lgb]{zgdf ul/Psf] lyof] . ph'/Ldf ;"o{gfy cfkm}+n] cg';GWffg dxfzfvf g+= ! cf=sf= ug]{ egL tf]s nufPsf 5g\ . ph'/Ldf @)$^ ;fnkl5sf ;a} cy{dGqL;lxt k"j{ /fHodGqL uf]kfn /fO{, rLgsfhL >]i7, e/taxfb'/ zfxb]lv xfnsf d'Vo ;lrj ljdn sf]O/fnf, ;lrj nf]sdfgl;+x sfsL{, gf/fo0f l;Njfn, ef]h/fh l3ld/];d]t cy{ dGqfnocGtu{t /fh:j lgsfodf sfd ug]{ ;x;lrjb]lv vl/bf/;Ddsf sfd{rf/Lx¿sf] gfdjnL 5 . pgLx¿dfly emG8} $! ca{ ¿k}of“ e|i6frf/ u/]sf] cf/f]k nufOPsf] 5 .

t/ olt uDeL/ k|s[ltsf] ph'/L hfx]/ ug]{ JolQmx¿ eg] sfNklgs 5g\ . h;df /d]z l3ld/] k/]jf8f“8f, /fd]5fk, ;tL; vftL kfNkf, xl/cf]dk|;fb zdf{ b'/f8f“8f ndh'ª, kjg /fhnx6 jL/u~h pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ph'/L ug]{x¿sf] k|:6 7]ufgf / ;Dks{ :yfg;d]t 5}g . oBlk ph'/Ldf sf/afxL ePkl5 sld;gsf] dfu eg] ul/Psf] 5 . oxL sfNklgs ;"rLdf pNn]lvt gfdfjnLaf6 g} 5fg]/ $& hgfsf] ;"rL tof/ u/L @)%( ;fpg @( ut] zL3| sf/afxLsf] dfu ub}{ csf]{ ph'/L clVtof/df btf{ ul/of] . /fds[i0f s7fot, d+unahf/sf] gfddf btf{ ul/Psf] of] ph'/L clVtof/ k|d'v pkfWofosf] rfn lyof] eGg] bfaL clVtof/ ;Da4 ;"qsf] 5 . of] ph'/Ldf klg dxfzfvf g+= ! sf kml0fGb| uf}tdnfO{ lbg] egL pkfWofon] tf]s nufPsf 5g\ . rfvnfUbf] s'/f t s] 5 eg] h'g lbg of] ph'/L btf{ eof] To;} lbg oxL ;"rLcg';f/ /fh:jsf @@ efO sd{rf/LnfO{ clVtof/n] 5fkf df/]/ kqmfp u/L sf/afxL ;'? u/]sf] 5 . /, To;sf] ef]lnkN6 e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f;DaGwL P]g /fhb/af/af6 nfndf]x/ nfu]/ aflx/ cfPsf] lyof] . /fh:jsf @@ sd{rf/LnfO{ sf/afxL u/]kl5 ;f]xL ;"rLcg';f/ yk b'O{ hgfdfly sf/afxL ePsf] 5 . t/, ;f]xL ph'/Lsf] ;"rLdf ! gDa/ e|i6frf/Ldf k/]sf / cGo JolQmx¿dfly clVtof/n] clxn];Dd rf;f] b]vfPsf] 5}g . kl5Nnf] $& hgfsf] ;"rLcg';f/ sf/afxLdf gkg]{ /fh:jsf sd{rf/Lx¿df xfnsf /fh:j cg';Gwfg ljefusf dxflgb]{zs bLk a:g]t, lzIff ;lrj ljBfw/ dlNns, a[x:klt kGt, s'n/fh 1jfnL, l8s/b]j e§, /fdgfy d}gfnL, bL3{/fh d}gfnL, lgd{nxl/ clwsf/L, /fdxl/ cof{n, ;'bLkrGb| zfx, n]vgfy zdf{, hLjg af“:sf]6f, nfnz+s/ l3ld/], efg'eQm 9sfn, /d]z rfln;], df]xgk|;fb zfx, 1fg]Gb| sfsL{, s[kfz' z]kf{, >Ls[i0f k|;fO{+, /fds[i0f ltdlN;gf, pd]z /]UdL, 6]saxfb'/ s];L, eLd l3ld/], e/tj+zL r"8fn / dw' kf}8]nnufotsf sd{rf/Lx¿ /x]sf 5g\ .

ph'/Ls} cfwf/df sd{rf/Lx¿dfly e|i6frf/lj?4 sf/afxL ug]{ clVtof/sf] gLlt xf] eg] oL sd{rf/Lx¿ lj?4 clVtof/n] clxn];Dd lsg sf/afxL u/]g eGg] k|Zg p7\5 . clVtof/leqsf hfgsf/ sd{rf/Lx¿;d]t k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] æs;}nfO{ sfvf / s;}nfO{ kfvfÆsf] /j}ofk|lt c;Gtf]if JoQm ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . ;"qx¿sf cg';f/ sf/afxL gug'{sf] /x:o æe|i6frf/lj?4 e|i6frf/Æ ug'{ g} xf] . k|d'v pkfWofon] oL sd{rf/Lx¿;“u df]6f] /sd lnP/ sf/afxL yf“tL /fv]sf] clVtof/ ;"qsf] bfaL 5 . k|d'v pkfWofo cfo'QmnfO{ o; wGbfdf dftxftsf sd{rf/L kml0fGb| uf}td / csf{ Ps sfsL{ y/sf sd{rf/Ln] ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . logLx¿n] sf/afxLsf] oxL ;"rL b]vfP/ /fh:jsf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ sf/afxLsf] wDsL lbO{ /sd c;'nL /x]sf] bfaL ;Da4 ;"qsf] 5 . clVtof/sf] o:tf] lqmofsnfkaf6 kLl8t sd{rf/Lx¿n] cfkm\gf] gfd pNn]v gug]{ ;t{df clVtof/sf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ sf/afxLaf6 aRg 7"n} /sd a'emfPsf] s'/f :jLsf/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] egfO lyof]– æclVtof/sf] wDsLkl5 xfdL;“u s]xL pkfo lyPg, a]OHht x'g'eGbf a? k};f g} a'emfOof] .Æ t/, sltko sd{rf/Lx¿;“u} ph'/L / sf/afxLsf] log} ;"rL b]vfP/ bf]xf]¥ofP/;d]t /sd c;'n]sf] bfaL ;Da4 ;"qn] u/]sf] 5 .

pkfWofosf] 3'dfO

k|d'v cfo'Qm eP klg sdhf]/ sfg'gsf sf/0f z'?df k|foM lgliqmo a;]sf pkfWofon] P]g kfl/t u/fpg klg 7"n} rnfvL u/]sf] b]lvG5 . P]gs} nflu e"ldsf agfpg klxnf]k6s !&@ hgfsf] ;"rL agfP/ ph'/L u/fOof] . pkfWofon] Tof] ;"rL b]vfP/ Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn;“u sf+u|]; / e|i6 sd{rf/LnfO{ tx nufpg] cj;/ ;'emfPsf lyP eg] tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf -hf] Tolta]nf æk|hftflGqsÆ+sf g]tf alg;Sg'ePsf] lyof]_ nfO{ lul/hf sf+u|]; tx nufpg] c:qsf] ¿kdf b]vfOlbPsf lyP . pkfWofon] o:t} sfNklgs / a]gfdL ph'/Lsf] xjfnf lbP/ e|i6frf/;DaGwL sfg'g Nofpg b/af/nfO{ ;d]t ;lqmo kf/]sf] b]lvG5 . g]tfnfO{ sd{rf/L tx nufpg] / sd{rf/LnfO{ g]tf 7Ls kfg]{ eGg] pkfWofosf] rt'/ kmd'{nfcg';f/ g} Tolta]nf P]g kfl/t ePsf] lyof] . ;a}nfO{ cfkm\g} ldof]df 3'dfpg ;kmn ePsf k|d'v pkfWofo, nx8s} e/df h;nfO{ hltv]/ klg uw{g ;dfTg ;Sg] cj:yfdf 5g\ . t/, pkfWofon] clVtof/sf] gfddf e|i6frf/lj?4 u/]sf] ædxfe|i6frf/Ædfly 5fglag ug]{ s'g} lgsfo eg] b]lv"b}g . cfkm"dflysf] ph'/L / sf/afxLnfO{ pkfWofon] s]xL ;docl3 r'gf}tL;d]t lbO;s]sf 5g\ . e|i6frf/lj?4sf] dxfe|i6frf/sf] of] l:ylt slxn];Dd rln/xg] xf] eGg ;lsGg .

/fjnsf] dfxf}n

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sfo{sf/L cWoIfaf6 g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] ueg{/df km8\lsPsf 8f= ltns /fjnlj?4 jfl0fHo a}+sdf 5"bf e|i6frf/ u/]sf] y'k|} ph'/L clVtof/df k/]sf] lyof] . b'O{ jif{cl3 pkfWofon] /fjnnfO{ jofgsf] nflu kq;d]t sf6]sf lyP t/ s'/f] kqeGbf cufl8 a9]g . b'j}aLr ;xdlt eof] . /fi6« a}+ssf kf“rhgf clws[t :t/sf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ clVtof/df ljz]if1sf ¿kdf k7fOof] . tna ;'ljwf ;a} /fi6« a}+s cfkm+}n] a]xf]g]{ u/L b'O{ jif{cl3 k7fOPsf tL sd{rf/Lx¿ clxn] klg clVtof/df sfo{/t 5g\ .

c¿nfO{ sf/afxL ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofP/ cfkm" hf]lug] ueg{/ /fjnsf] of] tl/sf sDtLdf /fi6« a}+ssf ljz]if1x¿ clVtof/df /x];DdnfO{ 9'Ss 5 .

uu{sf] ægful/stfÆ o:tf] 5

sf7df8f}+ . ;'/]zs'df/ cu|jfnn] emfkf lhNnf vh'/uf5L uflj; j8f g+= ^ sf] jtg /fvL @)%$ ;fn ebf} @) ut] j+zhsf] cfwf/df emfkf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq lnPsf lyP . cu|jfnsf] of] gful/stf k|df0fkq gSsnL ePsf] 7x/ ePkl5 emfkf lhNnf k|zf;gn] cu|jfnsf] g]kfnL gful/stf k|df0fkq hkmt u/L sf/afxL ;'? u/]sf] 5 .

t/, sf/afxLsf] 6'+uf] nufpg'sf] ;§f emfkfsf k|lhc 6Lsf/fd zdf{n] kmfOn g} cfkm+}n] /fv]/ u'kr'k a:g'ePsf] 5 . k|lhc zdf{n] st} cu|jfn;“usf] ldnf]dtf]sf sf/0f sf/afxL yf“tL /fVg vf]Hg'ePsf] t xf]Og eGg] k|Zg p7\g yfn]sf] 5 . ;'?df sf/afxL ug{ ;lqmo b]lvg'ePsf k|lhc PsfPs æt}+ r'k d} r'kÆ x'g'af6 sf/afxLk|lt cfz+sf plAhPsf] xf] .

cu|jfn gful/stfsf] cnfjf ljleGg u}/sfg'gL wGbfdf ;d]t ;+nUg /x"b} cfPsf 5g\ . cu|jfnn] cj}w ¿kdf cfoft u/]sf] tLg 6«s rsn]6 jL/u~h eG;f/n] hkmt u/]kl5 pBf]u ljefusf] sf/afxLlj?4 ;jf]{Rrdf bf];|f]k6s cGtl/d cfb]z dfu ug{ k'u]sf lyP . t/, cbfntn] lgj]bsn] s'g} klg cfwf/ b]vfpg g;s]sf] hgfp“b} cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L ul//xg' gkg]{ lg0f{o ;'gfPsf] 5 . csf]{lt/ cu|jfnn] pBf]u ljefudf btf{ g} gu/L u}/sfg'gL tj/df æk/fuÆsf] pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . t/, o; ;DaGwdf sf/afxLsf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfon] rf;f] b]vfPsf] eg] kfO"b}g . sf]7f/L k|f]8S6, sfgk'/sf] cg'dlt lnO{ pTkfbg ul/Psf] æk/fuÆ clxn];Dd pBf]u ljefudf btf{ 5}g / pBf]u ljefuaf6 pTkfbg cg'dlt klg lnOPsf] 5}g . æk/fuÆ sf]7f/L k|f]8S6, sfgk'/sf] æcG8/ nfO;]G;Æ elgP klg sf]7f/L k|f]8S6n] cg'dlt lbPsf] eGg] s'/fdf g} cfz+sf 5 . Od]n lr7LnfO{ g} cu|jfnn] æcG8/ nfO;]G;Æsf] cg'dltsf ¿kdf k|rf/ ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . t/, o:tf] kqnfO{ cflwsfl/s ¿kdf dfGotf lbO"b}g .

;ft ljBfyL{sf] Pp6} df]rf{

k|ltudglj/f]wL cfGbf]ngdf Ps};fy d;fn / d"bf{jfbsf] gf/f lnP/ pq]sf ljBfyL{ cfufdL :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] lgjf{rgdf klg ;+o'Qm ¿kdf hfg] lg0f{o u/]sf 5g\ . zlgaf/ a;]sf] ;ft ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] a}7sn] gLltut ¿kdf ;f] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf cWoIf u'?/fh l3ld/]sf cg';f/ cfh a:g] ;ft ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] a}7sn] ;+o'Qm Kofgn lgdf{0f ug]{ agfOg]5 . zlgaf/ a;]sf] a}7skl5 hf/L lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5– …ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf] alnbfgLk"0f{ ;+3if{af6 k|fKt ePsf] :jljo'sf] cl:tTjnfO{ sfod /fVg xfdL ;ft ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] dha't Pstfåf/f cf;Gg :jljo' lgjf{rgdf ;+o'Qm ¿kdf ;femf pDd]bjf/L v8f ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] . o;k6ssf] lgjf{rgnfO{ k|ltudglj?4 s]Gb|Ls[t ug{ / ljBdfg :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] cl:tTjnfO{ ;dfKt kfg]{ nIonfO{ Wj:t agfpg o:tf] k|sf/sf] lg0f{o ug'{k/]sf] a}7sdf ;xefuL cg]/f:jljo' dxf;lrj lvdnfn e§/fO{n] atfpg'eof] .Ú ;ft ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] a}7sdf ;xefuL Ps k|ltlglwsf cg';f/ cufl8 lg/Gt/ ¿kdf lhTb} cfPsf SofDk;x¿df ;f]xL ljBfyL{ ;+u7gnfO{ o'lgog 5f]8\g] af“sL SofDk;x¿df l:ylt x]/L tfnd]n ldnfpg] eGg] 5 .

t/ l:ylt x]/L tfnd]n ldnfpg] eGgfn] cGof}n l;h{gf eg] ePsf] 5 . vf;u/L Pdfn] clvn cfk"m alnof] x'" eGb} cfPsf] 5 . o:tf] l:yltdf g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3nufotsf ljBfyL{ ;+u7gnfO{ k]Ng vf]Hg] dgf]j[lQn] u|l;t x'g] z+sf eg] 5 .

k|hftflGqssf] c;xdlt

;ft ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] lg0f{onfO{ r'gf}tL lb"b} g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 -k|hftflGqs_ n] eg] cfk\mgf] pDd]bjf/L lbg] ePsf] 5 . ;+3sf ;xdxfdGqL sNof0f u'?ªsf cg';f/ ldqjt k|lt:kwf{sf nflu pgLx¿ pDd]bjf/L lbg]5g\ . lgjf{rgdf gx'g] l:ylt lgDTofO{ o'lgog vf/]h x'g] z+sf pTkGg ePsf] l:yltdf ;+o'Qm Kofgnsf] cjwf/0ff cl3 ;fl/Psf] l:yltdf k|hftflGqs g]lj;+3sf] o; lsl;dsf] x7 slt;Dd 3fts x'g;S5 kl5 g} yfxf x'G5 . csf]{tkm{ ;+o'Qm Kofgndf h'6]sf ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿ eg] cfGtl/s k|lt:kwf{df h'6]sf 5g\ . ;+o'Qm Kofgn lgdf{0f ug]{ l:yltdf pgLx¿nfO{ s;/t eg] 7"n} ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .

g]lj;+3nfO{ kmnfdsf] Ro"/f

o;k6ssf] :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] lgjf{rg g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf nflu kmnfdsf] Ro"/f ePsf] 5 . vf;u/L g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ljefhgkl5 ;+3df klg ePsf] km'6sf] c;/n] ;+3n] cfk\mgf] sltko SofDk;x¿ u'dfpg ;Sg] nv sfl6Psf] 5 . o:t} ;DefjgfnfO{ dWogh/ /fVb} g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf] df3 @@ ut] ;DkGg a}7sn] s'g} ;do ;+u7g 5f]8]/ aflxl/Psfx¿nfO{ ;;Ddfg lkmtf{ x'g cfx\jfg;d]t u/]sf] lyof] .

g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf] cfGtl/s ljjfbsf sf/0f klg g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3nfO{ lgjf{rg yk r'gf}tLk"0f{ ePsf] 5 . k|ltudglj/f]wL cfGbf]ngdf rlr{t ePsf dxfdGqL uugs'df/ yfkfsf] jt{dfg cWoIf u'?/fh l3ld/];“u Tolt ldNtL 5}g .

qm=;+= SofDk; g]lj;+3 cg]/f:jljo' g]lj;+3 -k|hftflGqs_

! lqe'jg ljZjljBfno 6s/fh u'?ª ljho /fO{ lhth+u a:g]t

@= g]kfn n SofDk; gu]Gb| s'dfn rGb| zfxL

gj/fh yklnof

#= z+s/b]j SofDk; nId0f s8]n åfl/sf pk|]tL 8]s/fh, z'e/fd, k|sfz dxh{g

$= kb\dsGof SofDk; ljlgtf clwsf/L /fds'df/L emf“sL d}of“ a:g]t, dfof /fO{

%= ljZjefiff SofDk; cfgGb/fh lqkf7L /fhg /fO{ ;Gtf]if e§

gf/fo0f 9'+ufgf

^= kf6g ;+o'Qm SofDk; of]u]Gb| /fO{÷ljgf]b zfSo czf]s 7s'/L ls/0f eut

&= lq–rGb| afa'/fhf lrqsf/ dfj/ ;'g'jf/ ;/f]h yfkf

bLks e§/fO{

*= g]kfn sdz{ -ldgejg_ o'j/fh l;+x sdn/fh ;'g'jf/ sNof0f clwsf/L

(= kz'klt ax'd'vL s'Gb|g/fh sfkm\n] w'|j l3ld/]÷hLjg /fO{ ;'/h clwsf/L !)= cd[t ;fOG; a}s'07dfg hf]zL 6]s/fh k5fO{ sdn /]UdL

!!= ;/:jtL pQd ld> uf]ljGb uf}td

/fhs'df/ kf7s

!@= /Tg/fHo e"k]Gb| /fO{ afnuf]kfn pkfWofo laaz jfOjf

;ljg tfdfª sfnL a'9f

!#= afNdLls cs'/ clwsf/L ;fu/ l/hfn

!$= sf7df8f}+ lzIff k|bLk x'dfufO{ clgn ;fx

sf]ifg kGt

!%= dx]Gb| /Tg lg/~hg yfkf df]xg uf}td emns s7fot

!^= klAns o'y /ljGb|nfn xf8f leid /fjn

!&= hgk|zf;g ;'efif zdf{ kfjtL{ cof{n

!*= eQmk'/ a= /ljg;g k|hfklt /f];g kf}8]n

!(= OlGhlgol/ª /d]z sfsL{ ljho e§/fO{ clgn 9sfn

gf/fo0f ;'j]bL

@)= lrlsT;fzf:q lzjnfn cfrfo{

@!= ;fgf]7LdL ljdn k'g ;'/]Gb| dfnL

@@= nlntsnf nIdL kf08

@#= afg]Zj/ df]xg sfsL{ k|eft s6'jfn dfgjaxfb'/ 7f}t

gljgf nfdf lbks cdufO{

@$= u|fld0f cfbz{ wd{ kf}8]n dfwj ltldN;Lgf 6]s/fh zfxL

@%= yfkfynL led;]g

@^= g/b]jL lr/~hLjL e§/fO{

gGblszf]/ zfx

pkTosf aflx/

!= lj/]Gb| ax'd'vL lrtjg l8NnL/fd -ldng_ nfld5fg] 3gZofd s"8]n

@= afns'df/L lrtjg pQd hf]zL

#= zlxb :d[lt a= lrtjg dfwj s8]n

$= k[YjLgf/fo0f kf]v/f sdn/fh 9sfn ;f]leot 9sfn

%= dx]Gb| df]/ª s]bf/ sfsL{÷/fdg/]z ofª

^= jglj1fg kf]v/f u0f]z sfsL{

&= lqe'jg a=Sof= kfNkf lxdfn >]i7

*= /f/f a=Sof= hgsk'/ lr/~hLlj k'8f;}gL

(= ;'g;/L a=SofDk;g z'lgn zfx

!)= dx]Gb| a=Sof= w/fg Zofd kf]v/]n

!!= dx]Gb| a=Sof= g]kfnuGh bLks e08f/L÷odgfy l3ld/] /Tg vqL

!@= a'6jn a= SofDk; k|hfkfn lu/L anaxfb'/ kf08]

!#= 7fs'//fd a= Sof= ;Gtf]if l;+ cho ofbj

!$= d]rL SofDk; hutaxfb'/ a:g]t

!%= s}nfnL a= SofDk; k"0f{ s'"j/

;+/If0f If]qdf cfO{PghLcf] ;lqmo
h}ljs ljljwtfk|lt /fHo pbf;Lg

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . ljZj jGohGt' sf]if -8An'8An'Pkm_ n] g]kfnsf r'/] / t/fO{ If]qsf] 7"nf] e"–efunfO{ ;+/If0f If]qsf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug]{ gfddf xhf/f}+ 3/–kl/jf/sf] ljrNnL kfg]{ ePsf] 5 .

ljZj jGohGt' sf]ifn] r'/] / t/fO{ ;+/If0fsf nflu jfUdtLb]lv od'gf gbL;Dd ;+/If0f ug]{ clt dxŒjfsf+IfL sfo{qmd cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 . of] If]qnfO{ ;+/lIft If]q 3f]if0ff ug]{ / h}ljs ljljwtfaf/] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ sf]ifsf] p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 . of] If]qsf] ;+/If0f ;+o'Qm ¿kdf sfd ug{ ;g\ !((( df g]kfn / ef/taLr ;Demf}tf ePsf] lyof] . g]kfndf jg dGqfno / sf]ifsf] sf7df8f}+l:yt sfof{noaLr ;g\ @))) df ;Demf}tf eO{ @))! b]lv sfo{qmd ;'? eO;s]sf] 5 . klxnf] r/0f sfo{qmdsf nflu kf“r jif]{ ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 eg] To;sf nflu nueu ^) nfv cd]l/sL 8n/ a/fa/sf] ah]6 5'6\ofOPsf] ;Da4 ;dfrf/ ;"qn] atfPsf] 5 .

h}ljs ljljwtfsf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ s0f{lk|o gf/f cufl8 ;f/]/ cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿n] b]zsf] k|fs[lts ;DklQdfly dgk/L ul//x"bf klg g]kfn ;/sf/n] jf:tf u/]sf] 5}g . jg dflkmof, jGohGt' cf/If0f ljefu, jgljefu / jg dGqfnosf pRrkb:y sd{rf/LnfO{ JolQmut nfe lbnfP/ sf]ifn] ;+/lIft If]qsf gfddf kmfObf p7fO/x]sf] 5 .

l5d]sL /fi6« rLgn] cfkm\gf] ;+/lIft If]qdf s'g} klg ljb]zL ;+:yf jf JolQmnfO{ k|j]z ug{ lb"b}g . ;+/lIft If]qdf h}ljs ljljwtfsf] cWoog–cg';Gwfgdf cfkm\gf gful/snfO{ g} kl/rfng ub{5 . To:t} csf]{ l5d]sL /fi6« ef/tdf klg ;+/If0f gLlt cToGt s8f 5 . cfO{PghLcf] PghLcf] t s] cfkm\g} hgtfnfO{ klg ;+/lIft If]qdf k|j]z lbPsf] 5}g . Toxf“ ;a} sfd ;/sf/n] dfq ub{5 . t/, g]kfndf jGohGt' sf]ifsf] dgk/L xflnd'xfnL rn]sf] 5 .

g]kfnaf6 h}ljs ljljwtfsf] rf]/L ePsf s}of}+ 36gf ;fj{hlgs gePsf] xf]Og . g]kfndf kfOg] u'rL Rofp, tLt] kmfk/, of;f{ u'Daf h:tf s}of}+ dxŒjk"0f{ jg:kltdfly clxn] g} clwsf/ hdfO;s]sf] tLtf] oyfy{ x'"bfx'"b} ;/sf/n] nfrf/L sfod} /fv]sf] 5 . o:tf jg:kltsf] pTklQsf] clwsf/ xTofpgdf sf7df8f}+l:yt s]xL s"6gLlts lgof]u / bftf /fi6«x¿aLr g} tfgftfg x'g] u/]sf] Ps ljZj:t ;"qn] atfPsf] 5 .

clxn] ;+/If0fsf gfddf s/f]8f}+ ¿k}of“ 5/]/ g]kfnsf] h}ljs ljljwtfaf6 caf}+{ kmfObf lng] s'lT;t p2]Zon] jGohGt' sf]if ;lqmo ePsf] 5 . olta]nf ;+/If0f s;sf nflu eGg] k|Zg p7\g yfn]sf] 5 . ;+/If0f If]qdf /x]sf] 7"nf] dfgj j:tLsf] ;]jfsf nflu ls h+unL hgfj/sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu < of] k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbg g;s]kl5 jGohGt' sf]if, g]kfn sfof{non] ljifosf] uDeL/tfnfO{ df]8\g ;~rf/sdL{nfO{ dfWod agfP/ k|rf/afhL ;'? u/]sf] 5 . sf]ifn] JolQmut ;Dks{sf cfwf/df :ynut l/kf]l6{ª u/fpg ljz]if ah]6;d]t kl/rfng u/]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . o;}aLr sf]ifsf] g]kfnl:yt sfof{non] JolQmut / ;+:yfut ¿kdf ;~rf/sdL{x¿nfO{ k|of]u u/]/ ;+/If0f If]qsf] k|rf/ cleofg 5]8]sf] 5 . ut df3 bf];|f] ;ftf Pp6f PghLcf]sf] ;+of]hgdf ;~rf/sdL{nfO{ kfNkf, bfª, alb{of, s}nfnL / s~rgk'/ e|d0f u/fOPsf] lyof] . h;sf nflu sf]ifsf] g]kfnl:yt sfof{non] pQm PghLcf]nfO{ b'O{ nfv ¿k}of“ ;xof]u u/]sf] lyof] . To;sf] lx;fa–lstfa kf/bzL{ g/x]sf] sf]if ;Da4;"qn] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfof] . jg;lrj r08Lk|;fb >]i7sf] bafadf k|fKt b'O{ nfv ¿k}of“ s;/L s]–s]df vr{ eof] eGg]af/]df pQm PghLcf]sf af“sL kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;'O"sf] ;d]t glbOPsf] Ps ;b:o atfp“5g\ .

dfcf]jfbL e]ifdf ;}lgs cft+s

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

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g[z+; ;}lgs bdglj?4 af/fjf;Ln] zlgaf/ Ps h'n'; k|bz{g u/L ;b/d'sfd aGb u/]sf 5g\ . ;'/IffsdL{n] h'n';dfly gfËf] x:tIf]k u/]/ kGw| /fp08 xjfO kmfo/ u/]kl5 h'n';df ;DnUg JolQmx¿ ;+ul7t eP/ ;'/IffsdL{sf] k|ltsf/df pq]sf 5g\ . clxn] sn}of ahf/df s'g} ;'/IffsdL{ lx"88'n ug]{ l:ylt 5}g . /fHokIf o; 36gfdf u}/lhDd]jf/ 9+un] k|:t't ePsf] 5 . b]zfGt/;“u s'/f ub}{ af/fsf k|lhc dfwjk|;fb /]UdL eGg'x'G5– clxn] l;len cyl/6L ;}lgssf] dftxtdf ePsfn] xfdLn] ;}lgssf] lj?4df af]Ng ldNb}g .

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pQm kbdf k|zf;lgs If]qaf6 g]t[Tj /x"b} cfPsf]df To;nfO{ kl/jt{g ug]{ / /fhgLlts lgo'lQmsf] k|fjwfg :yflkt ug]{ leqleq} if8\oGq eO/x]sf] dlGqkl/ifb\ ;lrjfno ;"qaf6 yfxf ePsf] 5 .

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k"j{;lrj dx]Gb|gfy cof{n / dGqL tfdfªaLr o;} ljifodf s'/f gldn]kl5 cGttM cof{nn] ;hfo :j¿k dlGqkl/ifb\ ;lrjfnosf] k'ndf ylGsg'k¥of] . cof{nn] d]nDrLsf] jt{dfg ;+u7g ;+/rgf kl/jt{g ubf{ bftf /fi6«sf k|ltlglwx¿n] g?rfpg] Jofjxfl/s ts{ cl3 ;f/]sf lyP . t/, dGqL a'l4dfgsf ;fd' ts{ l6Sg ;s]g . clxn] ;fdGo k|zf;g dGqfnoaf6 ;?jf u/L NofOPsf tLy{/fh zdf{nfO{ u7g cfb]z kl/jt{g ug{ ;xdt u/fpg]df dGqL tfdfª 9'Ss 5g\ . t/, u7g cfb]z km]g]{ k|:tfj dlGqkl/ifb\n] cg'df]bg g} ul/xfNof] eg] klg ljjfbdf /x]sf] d]nDrL vfg]kfgLdf yk ljjfb rls{g] ;dfrf/ ;"q atfp“5 .

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