Economy The Deshanter - Weekly (Nepal)

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clxn] ;a} If]qdf lg/fzfhgs l:ylt 5 . g]kfnsf] d'Vo If]q eg]sf] ko{6g xf] . ut ;fnsf] t'ngfdf s]xL k|ult b]lvP klg k'/fgf] cj:yfdf kms{g ;s]sf] 5]g . o;n] ubf{ xf]6n Joj;fo k|efljt ePsf] 5 . lalhg];sf] cefjdf $÷% jif{cl3sf] eGbf cfh cfwf /]6df xf]6nx¿ rln/fv]sf 5g\ . To;}n] of] If]qsf] l:ylt cToGt v/fj 5 . tof/L kf];fsn] s]xL lksck u/] klg kl5Nnf dlxgfx¿df #%÷$) k|ltzt lgof{tdf x|f; cfPsf] 5 . Dofg'ÎofSrl/ªsf] s'/f ubf{ ;/sf/L pBf]ux¿ k|foMh;f] ;a} aGb g} eO;s]sf 5g\ . lghLIf]qsf] cj:yf x]bf{ s]xL Po/ nfOG;sf] ;+Vof a9] klg g]sf]g Po/, dfpG6]g Po/h:tf Po/ aGb eof] . ca c¿ klg aGb xf]nfg\ . k|d'v If]qx¿ x]bf{ l:ylt ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g . vfnL s] eg] dg;'gn] ;fy lbPsf sf/0f s[lif pTkfbg /fd|f] eof] / hL8LkLdf ;xof]u k'u]sf] 5 . l5d]sL /fi6« ef/tsf] j[l4b/ pRr /x]sf] 5 t/ xfdLn] To;sf] kmfObf lng ;ls/fv]sf 5}gf}+ .

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xfd|f] df}lns ;+/rgfdf g} l8km]S6 5 . cf}Bf]uLs/0f ubf{ …a]l;sÚ s'/fdf guP/ ef/tLo ahf/ cWoog u/]/ Toxf“ s] lgof{t ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] x]g'{kYof]{ . ef/tLo pRr j[l4b/n] ubf{ pgLx¿n] eG;f/ nufotsf dx;'n 36fP/ xfd|f]eGbf ;:tf] agfP . h;n] ubf{ lxhf] otfaf6 ef/t hfg] ;fdfgx¿ cfh ef/taf6 g]kfn cfpg yfNof] . Joj;foLx¿ zflGt–;'/Iffsf sf/0f ;d:of pTkGg ePsf] atfp“5g\ t/ d ToltnfO{ dfq sf/0f dflGbg“ . zflGt–;'/Iff Pp6f ;d:of xf] t/ d'Vo s'/f eg]sf] g} ;+/rgfut ;d:of xf] / cfwf/e"t pBf]u s] xf], To;df Wofg k'¥ofPgf}+ .

l5d]sL /fi6«;“u c;n ;DaGw /fVg] u'h/fn …8S6l/gÚ cg'¿k ha ;g\ !((^ df ef/t;“u gof“ Jofkf/ tyf kf/jxg ;lGw eof] . To;kl5 g]kfndf Jofkf/sf cj;/ a9\of] t/ xfdLn] @÷# jif{;Dd o;af6 nfe lng s'g} klg u[xsfo{ u/]gf}+ . ha ;g\ !((&÷!((* kl5 g]kfn lne/, 8fa/ g]kfn, sf]nu]6 kfndf]lnd h:tf s]xL pBf]ux¿ cfpg yfn] . pgLx¿n] ;'?cft dfq s] ug{ yfn]sf lyP, To;kl5 b'O{j6f s'/fn] c;/ kf¥of] . klxnf], xfd|f] ;fgf] lrQ, pgLx¿n] s]s] g n'6]/ vfg yfn] eGg] ;f]Rof}+ . pgLx¿nfO{ lgof{tdf cfos/ gnufpg] Uof/]G6L u/]sf lyof}+ t/ la:tf/} Ps k|ltzt;Dd s/ nufpg] elgof] / x'“bfx'“b} kf“r jif{ gk'Ub} c¿ pBf]u;/x ul/lbof}+ . …Aofs s6Ú eof] . o;n] bf]xf]/f] df/ kf¥of], sld6d]G6 ePg . To;sf nflu ;fOhPan OGe]:6d]G6 cfpg lbg'kYof]{ .

clxn] xfd|f] cfly{s ;|f]t / cj:yfnfO{ lrq0f u/]/ ljb]zLx¿n] c;kmn /fi6«tkm{ pGd'v ePsf] eGg] egfO rrf{df NofPsf 5g\ . tkfO{+nfO{ To:tf] nfU5 <

Tof] t kSs} xf] . clxn] /f]huf/Lsf] ;d:of a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x¿ 36\b} uPsf] 5 . z}lIfs If]qdf s]xL k|ult ePsf] lyof] t/ z}lIfs If]qdf klg clglZrttfsf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf eof] . clxn] cfP/ ;a} lsl;dsf cfqmd0f ToxL If]qdf eO/x]sf] 5 . /fhgLlts ¿kdf dfq geP/ ;/sf/n] ;d]t gLltut ¿kdf …P6\ofsÚ ul//fv]sf] 5 . Tof] ;]S6/ klg clxn];Dd hlt nufgL eof] To;}df …;:6]gÚ ug{lt/ nfu]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] $÷% jif{df /fd|f] sfd eg]sf] ljb]zL /f]huf/sf] cj;/ xf] . bz nfv g]kfnLx¿ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df ljb]z uPsf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . To;n] ubf{dfq cy{tGq wflgPsf] 5 . /fh:jsf] s'/f ubf{ clxn];Dd %) ca{ k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . ;/sf/n] /fh:j c;'nLdf j[l4 eof] eGb}5 t/ s'g …a];Údf j[l4 eof] Tof] x]g'{k5{ . $)÷$% ca{sf] /fh:j d'n'ssf nflu s'g} 7"nf] s'/f] xf]Og . 8n/df s'/f ubf{ Ps ca{ 8n/;Dd k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . k|ltJolQm cfodf j[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ah]6sf] &)÷*) k|ltzt vr{ j}b]lzs ;xof]u / C0fdf rln/fv]sf] 5 . /fh:jaf6 k|zf;lgs vr{ wfGg ;ls/fv]sf 5}gf}+ . hxf“;Dd …km]n/ :6]6Úsf] s'/f 5, xfdL sDkgLsf] xsdf ;DklQeGbf bfloTj a9L ePdf a}+s …qmK;LÚlt/ hfG5 . t/, b]zsf] s'/fdf To:tf] s'g} kl/efiff 5}g . To;}n] …km]n/ :6]6Ú eGg] gof“ …6«dnf]hL SjfOgÚ ePsf] xf] . xfdL Totflt/ nlDs/fv]sf 5f}+ .

t/ Pp6f /fd|f] s'/f s] 5 eg] xfd|f] b]zsf] PS;6g{n sdl;{on al/ª s]xL klg 5}g . hlt klg j}b]lzs C0f 5– ljZja}+s, Pl;ofnL ljsf; a+}sh:tf ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+:yfut C0f 5 . xfd|f] l/–k]d]G6 Ifdtf sdhf]/ ePs} sf/0f hfkfg, hd{g h:tf b]zn] !) jif{cl3 g} hlt lbg ;lsG5 …u|fG6Ú g} lbg], C0f glbg] eGg] lg0f{o u/] . To;}n] hlt klg C0f 5, afWotfjz cfPsf] ljsf; C0fdfq 5 . xfdL;“u PS;6g{n sdl;{on al/ª gePsf]n] of] sG6«L …Snf]h 8fpgÚ xf]nf eGg] cj:yfdf xfdL 5}gf}+ . csf{lt/ bft[ lgsfox¿sf] k|fyldstf klg …r]GhÚ eP/ cfO/x]sf] 5 .

j}b]lzs ;xof]udf ljQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmd rln/fv]sf] 5 . of] slQsf] ;'wf/f]Gd'v ePsf] cg'ej ug'{ePsf] 5 <

d]/f] ljrf/df t ljQLo IF]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmd …km]nÚ eO;Sof] .

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klxnf] t lkmu/x¿ aflx/ cfpg'k¥of] . b'O{÷rf/ s/f]8 d'gfkmf t unf{ . t/, d]/f] egfO s] xf] eg] oL b'j} a}+sdf Joj:yfkg vr{dfq k|ltjif{ %) s/f]8 ?k}of“ 5 . of] %) s/f]8 ?k}of“ klg Toxf“ vr{df n]Vg'k¥of] lg . Tof] k};frflx“ g]kfnL hgtf / s/bftfn] ltg]{, a}+ssf] jf;nftdf vr{ gn]Vg] . clg d d'gfkmfdf uP“ eGbf ldn]g . b'j} a}+sn] sd{rf/L :j]lR5s cjsfzcGtu{t *)÷*) s/f]8 ?k}of“ vr{ u/]sf] 5 . Tof] klg g]kfnL hgtfn] a]xf]g]{ eg]kl5 d'gfkmf PsfplG6ª lx;fan] gb]vfP/ cfkm\g} lx;fan] lgsfNg] xf] eg] b]lvOxfN5 . klxnf a}+s h'g gf]S;fgdf uPsf] lyof] Tof] vr{sf] sf/0fn] xf]Og . shf{ c;'nL ug{ g;Sbf PgkLP a9\g uO{ gf]S;fg b]lvPsf] xf] . logLx¿n] cfkm" cfpg'eGbf cufl8sf] jif{df ePe/sf] x'g]÷gx'g] k|f]lehgdf xflnlbP . klxn]sf] Joj:yfkgn] v/fj shf{afkt sd k|f]lehg b]vfP/ lx;fa Dofg'Kn]6 ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] . h'g s'/f s]kLPdhLsf] k|ltj]bgn] phfu/ ul/lbof] . gof“ Joj:yfkgn] h]–hlt …;6{kmnÚ lyof], Tof] ;a} k|f]lehgdf xflnlbof] . To;}n] ubf{ p;n] v/fj shf{sf] ef/jxg ug'{k/]g .

csf]{lt/ a}+lsª If]qdf sf6]{lnª eO/fv]sf] 5 . a}+sx¿n] lgIf]k Aofhb/ km6fkm6 36fP t/ nufgLdf 36]sf] 5}g . oL a}+sx¿n] klg lgIf]k Aofhb/ 36fp“b} uP . /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+sn] k'; d;fGtdf b'O{ s/f]8 d'gfkmf u/]sf] 5 . b'O{ s/f]8 d'gfkmf eP klg %) s/f]8sf] Joj:yfkg vr{n] klxn]eGbf klg lalu|Psf] cj:yf b]vfp“5 . Tof] vr{nfO{ klg /fVg] xf] eg] …l/onÚdf gf]S;fg emg\ a9\of] .

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;d:of Pp6f dfq 5}g . lgrf]8df eGg] xf] eg] c;'nL x'g g;s]sf] v/fj shf{ g} d"n h8 xf] .

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5}g . ca t emg\ bf]xf]/f] df/ k¥of] . lgrf]8 Tof] xf] .

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s]kLPdhLn] @( j6f ;'emfj lbPsf]df Pp6fdfq sfd u¥of}+, ljb]zLnfO{ Joj:yfkg lbof}+ . h'g ;a}eGbf ;lhnf] sfd lyof] . logLx¿nfO{ …OSjfon k'l6ªÚdf k|lt:kwL{ agfpg] w]/} g} sl7g sfo{ xf] . t/, ljsNk b'O{6f dfq 5g\ ls t aGb ul/lbg'k¥of] ls ;'wf/ ug'{k¥of] . olt 7"nf] a}+s 5, aGb ubf{ o;sf cfkm\g} ;d:of 5g\ . To;df c¿ afWotfx¿ klg 5g\ . b'O{j6f a}+sdf sd{rf/L ;~rosf]ifsf] dfq emG8} !) ca{ lgIf]k 5, To:t} zflGt ;]gfsf] ^÷& ca{ 5 . o;sf] cfwf/df klg a}+s rnfpg ;lsG5 eGg] xf] . of] lgIf]kdf ;/sf/sf] Uof/]G6L 5 .

/fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] 8]9 ca{ / g]kfn a}+ssf] Ps ca{ k'“hL 5 . xfd|f] lx;fan] /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] @) ca{ / g]kfn a}+ssf] !% ca{ ?k}of“ gf]S;fgdf 5 . oL b'j} gf]S;fgnfO{ k"lt{ gu/L d'gfkmf s;/L ug'{x'G5 < To:tf] d'gfkmfnfO{ t …ld/fSsnÚ eG5' d .

To;f] eP ljb]zL Joj:yfkgsf] nflu h'g vr{ ePsf] 5 . …l/hN6Úsf] lx;fan] Tof] /sd …a]:6Ú ePsf] xf] <

h'g tl/sfn] oL b'O{ a}+ssf] Joj:yfkg rln/fv]sf] 5 . of] gePsf] eP cem} w/fzoL x'“b} hfGYof] xf]nf . To;nfO{ /f]Sg] sfdrflx“ u/]sf] 5 . …l86f]/]6Ú x'g lbPg . bft[;+:yfnfO{ ljZjf; lbnfpgsf nflu klg Joj:yfkg ljb]zLnfO{ lbOPsf] xf] . kf]lnl6sn k|];/df shf{ k|jfx ePkl5 Joj:yfkgdf g]kfnLnfO{ /fVbf c;'nLdf klg …k|];/Ú cfp“5 eGg] xf] . t/, logLx¿nfO{ klg s] cK7\of/f] k¥of] eg] xfdLn] c¿ kf/fld6/x¿ lkmS; ul/lbPgf}+ . vfnL Joj:yfkg dfq lbof}+ . k|m]; Soflk6n OlGh]S6 u/]gf}+, logLx¿ cG8/ Soflk6ndf rln/fv]sf 5g\ . b'O{ jif{df …:6f6\;Ú d]g6]g ug{ olt /sd vr{ ug{ h?/L lyof] ls lyPg d sd]G6 ug{ rfxGg .

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;St}gg\ . klxnf] t nIo s] xf] Tof] kf/bzL{ 5}g . /fi6« a}+s / Joj:yfkg kIfaLrdf dfq Tof] ;Lldt 5 . csf]{lt/ d}n] a'em]cg';f/ tf/u]6ld6 ug]{ s'/fdf O:s]k ug{ af6f] w]/} /flvlbPsf] 5 . h:tf] v/fj shf{ PgkLP klxnf] jif{ !) k|ltztdf / bf];|f] jif{df kf“r k|ltztdf emg]{ eGg] 5 . of] g} Pp6f c;Dej nIo xf] . lbg]n] klg s;/L lbof], lng]n] klg s;/L lnof] † d}n] a'em]sf] 5}g . To;df s] 5 eg] ;/sf/n] ;DklQ Joj:yfkg sDkgL v8f ug]{ / v/fj shf{ Toxf“ 6«fG;km/ ug]{ eGg] 5 . o;af6 t Toxf“ 6«fG;km/ ul/lbPkl5 t :jtM Tof] -PgkLP_ !) k|ltzt / kf“r k|ltztdf emg]{ eof] . clxn] pgLx¿n] PPd;L Nofpg k|];/ lbO/fv]sf 5g\ . PPd;L cfPkl5 ;d:of ;dfwfg u5f}+{ eGg] xf]Og, of] t vfnL ;d:of kG5fpg] sfddfq xf] .

c;'nLsf nflu klg …l8kmN6/Úsf] …Sof6uf]/LÚ 5'6\ofP/ …l/se/L kf]ln;LÚ Nofpg'kg]{ xf]Og <

d]/f] ;'emfjdf klxn] t C0fLsf] af/]df lj:t[t cWoog u/]/ bl;ot tof/ ug'{k¥of] . a}+ssf] C0f ;b'kof]u / b'¿kof]usf] cj:yfdfq 5'6\ofpg] xf] eg] klg To;;“u …l8nÚ ug{ ;lhnf] x'G5 .

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xf], klxn] t C0fLsf af/]df yfxf kfpg'k¥of] . h;sf] h]Go'g lalhg]; 5, h]Go'g ¿kdf xf]6n agfof] t/ ko{6gsf sf/0f 8'Aof] eg] To;nfO{ x\ofª u/]/ k};f t lb“b}g . csf]{n] cf]e/ OGEjfO; u/]/ xf]6n t agfof] t/ k};f b'¿kof]u u¥of] / p;n] klg Osf]gf]dL …8fpg 6g{Úsf] kmfObf lnO/fv]sf] 5 eg] p;nfO{ t …8fpg 6g{Ú;“u t dtna 5}g lg . To;nfO{ t k};f …/fO6ckÚ u/] klg …l/se/LÚ ;hfo x'g'k¥of] . hf] h]Go'g ubf{ub}{ l8kmN6/ x'G5, To;nfO{ / hfgLhfgL ab\gfdL ug]{nfO{ Pp6} ju{df /fVg' unt eof] . clxn] C0f c;'nL GofowLs/0f eGg] u7g ul/Psf] 5 . To;sf] cy{ d}n] a'em\g ;s]sf] 5}g . lwtf] lnnfd ug{ ;a}eGbf ;lhnf] P]g xfdLsxf“ 5 . a}+sn] ;"rgf lbP/ lwtf] cfkm}+n] sAhf ug{ ;S5 . lwtf] sAhf cfkm"n] gu/]/ GofowLs/0fdf hfg'sf] cy{ 5}g .

a}+s C0fdf …;Lldt bfloTjÚsf] ljjfb pl7/fv]sf] 5 . o;df cGt/f{li6«o k|rng s:tf] 5 < s] x'g'kg]{ xf] h:tf] nfU5 <

;Lldt bfloTjsf] s'/f 7Ls xf] . ;+;f/df lalhg]; rNg] g} o;}sf] cfwf/df xf] . sDkgL P]gcg';f/ klg ;~rfnsx¿sf] bfloTj s'g a]nf;Dd ;Lldt 5 eg] ha;Dd p;n] …u'8km]yÚdf sfd u5{ . …u'8km]yÚdf sfd ubf{ub}{ gf]S;fgdf uof] eg] ;Lldt bfloTjsf] ;'/Iff 5 . t/, ;Lldt bfloTjsf] ;'/Iffdf cfkm\gf] kmfObf lnP/ sDkgL gf]S;fgLdf uof] eg] ;Lldt bfloTjn] ;'/Iff lb“b}g . of] g} cGt/f{li6«o k|rng xf] .

xfd|f] h:tf] ;fgf] cy{tGq ePsf] b]zdf clxn] y'k|} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿ cfPsf 5g\ . oL ;a} …;:6]gPanÚ 5g\ <

Osf]gf]lds ;fOh d"n s'/f] xf]Og . Osf]gf]dL slQsf] cg's"n 5 . dfu slt 5 eGg] s'/f x]g'{kg]{ x'G5 . h;/L b'O{ ;/sf/L a}+s cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] kmd{df l/Eo' eof] To;/L g} cGo a}+sx¿ klg l/Eo' u/fpg] xf] eg] Tolt uPu'h|]sf] l:yltdf gxf]nf t/ pgLx¿n] b]vfPsf] h:tf] …/f]h lkSr/Ú klg 5}g . oxf“ jf;nft Dofg'Kn]6 u/]/ ;~rfnsx¿n] k};f vfg] k|j[lQ rln/fv]sf] 5 . aflx/ /fd|f] b]vfp“bf–b]vfp“b} leqleq slt lau|“b} uO/fv]sf 5g\ . ljQLo ;+:yfx¿sf] s'/f ubf{ /fi6« a}+sn] cTolws tfg]/ nflu/fv]sf] 5 . /fi6« a}+s g} of] eb|uf]n agfpg nfu]sf] 5 . km]l/ Toxf“ kf]lnl6sn OGÎn'oG;sf] s'/fx¿ cfO/fv]sf] 5 . jfl0fHo a}+sx¿ !* j6f k'u]sf 5g\, c¿ b'O{j6f kfOknfOgdf 5 . kmfOgfG; sDkgLx¿nfO{ /fi6« a}+sn] lsg, /]u'n]6 u/, / klAnSnL ;]o/ a]r eg]/ kmf];{ ug'{k¥of] < kmfOgfG; sDkgL t ljZjf;df rNg] xf] . c¿ d'n'sdf klg gga}+lsª kmfOgfG; sDkgL x'G5 .

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ljZj a}+ssf] C0f ;xof]udf ;'? ul/Psf] ljQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmd cnkq kg]{ ;Defjgf b]lvPsf] 5 . ljZja}+sn] ljQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmdk|lt ;/sf/ k|lta4 gb]lvPsf] cf/f]k nufp“b} bf];|f] r/0fsf] ljQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmdsf nflu C0f /sd :jLs[t ug{ ut laxLaf/ a:g'kg]{ ljZja}+s af]8{ a}7s :ylut ePkl5 o:tf] ;Defjgf b]lvPsf] xf] .

ljQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmdcGtu{t ;/sf/n] g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 / /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] Joj:yfkg ljb]zLnfO{ s/f/df lbg'sf ;fy} g]kfn /fi6«a}+ssf] l/–:6Srfl/ª sfo{ ;'? u/]sf] 5 . b'O{ jfl0fHo a}+ssf] Joj:yfkg ljb]zLnfO{ lbOP klg a}+s ;'wf/df pNn]Vo k|ult eg] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . v/fj shf{s} sf/0f w/fzoL x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] a}+ssf] shf{ c;'nLsf nflu cfjZos ;xsfo{sf nflu ;/sf/ ;xof]uL gePsf] cf/f]k ljb]zL Joj:yfkg / ljZja}+sn] nufPsf] 5 . a}+s ;'wf/sf nflu ljb]zL Joj:yfkg leœofPsf] nfdf] ;do lalt;Sbf klg ;/sf/n] ;DklQ Joj:yfkg sDkgL -Pdd;L_ :yfkgf gu/]sf sf/0f sl7gfO pTkGg ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

C0fL c;'nL sf/afxLsf] lglDt ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ub}{ cfP klg ;DklQ Joj:yfkg sDkgL gePs} sf/0f sf/afxL k|lqmof cufl8 a9\g g;s]sf] egfO a}+s Joj:yfkgsf] 5 . Pd;Lsf] :yfkgf / sfo{ k|f/De geP;Dd oL b'j} a}+ssf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ b]vfpg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . To;}n] klg ljb]zL Joj:yfkgsf] u'gf;f]sf] cfwf/df ljZja}+sn] c;Gt'li6 JoQm u/]sf] ;Da4;"qn] hgfPsf] 5 .

ljQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmdsf] bf];|f] r/0fdf oL b'O{ a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ :j]lR5s cjsfz lbg]nufotsf sfo{qmdx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . bf];|f] r/0fsf] ;'wf/ sfo{qmdcGt{ut /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] lghLs/0f ul/g] of]hgf /x]sf] 5 . a}+s l8kmN6/df 7"nf / k|ltli7t Joj;foLx¿ cu|k+lQmdf /x]sf sf/0f cfGtl/s bafadf ?dlnPsf] ;/sf/nfO{ ljZj a}+ssf] c;Gt'li6n] cK7\of/f] kfg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . o;df ;/sf/ slQsf] k|lta4 / ;+j]bgzLn aG5 eGg] s'/f x]g{ eg] af“sL 5 .

5x/faf6 ljB't\

dgfª . dgfª lhNnf wf/fkfgL uflj;– !, tfn ufp“df lghL nufgLdf 5x/faf6 ljB't\ pTkfbg ul/Psf] 5 . wf/fkfgL uflj;sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf;d]t /xg'ePsf :yfgLo lgjf;L rGb|axfb'[/ u'?ªsf] lghL nufgLdf ;f] ljB't\ pTkfbg sfo{ ;'? ePsf] xf] .

sl/a $) 3/ ;+Vof /x]sf] ;f] wf/fkfgL uflj;cGtu{t kg]{ tfn ufp“df rf/ nfv #% xhf/ ¿k}of“sf] nufgLdf @)%# ;fndf kf“r lsnf]jf6 Ifdtfsf] ljB't\ pTkfbg u/]sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf u'?ªn] atfP . u'?ªn] s[lif ljsf; a}+s dgfªaf6 rf/ nfv #% xhf/ C0f ;xof]udf lghL nufgLdf ljB't\ pTkfbg u/]sf x'g\ .

cGgk"0f{ kbofqf If]qcGtu{t kg]{ ko{6sLo tfnufp“df ko{6g Joj;fosf nflu klg lah'nL cfjZos /x]sf] dx;'; u/L 5x/fsf] kfgLaf6 ljB't\ pTkfbg u/]sf] pgn] b]zfGt/;“u atfP . ljB't\ pTkfbg ug]{ k|]/0ff eg] dgfª lhNnf s[lif ljsf; a}+ssf] tTsfnLg sfof{no k|d'vaf6 kfPsf x'g\ . $) 3/ w'/L /x]sf] wf/fkfgL uflj; tfndf ljB't\ k|of]u:j¿k k|ltlrd dlxgfsf] ^) ¿k}of“ z'Ns lng] u/]sf] u'?ªn] atfP . k|ltdlxgf ljB't\ pTkfbg z'Nsaf6 kf“r xhf/ ¿k}of“ cfDbfgL x'g] atfp“b} pgn] ;ft jif{df a}+saf6 lnPsf] C0f r'Qmf ul/;s]sf] klg atfP .

;f]xL uflj;sf ko{6g Joj;foLx¿ 5x/fsf] kfgL k|of]u u/L ljB't\ pTkfbg x'g' ;sf/fTds sfo{ ePsf] atfp“5g\ . ljB't\ pTkfbgaf6 Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ lgs} ;'ljwf ePsf] :yfgLo ko{6g Joj;foL hLjg u'?ªn] atfP . ko{6g Joj;fodf :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] cfsif{0f a9\g'[n] ljB't\ cfk"lt{df sdL cfPsf] atfp“b} ljB't\ Ifdtf a9fpg'kg]{ pgn] atfP .

ljB't\ pTkfbgdf nufgL ub}{ cfPsf rGb|axfb'/ u'?ªn] ufp“sf] hg;+Vof j[l4;“u} ljB't\sf] cfjZostf klg a9]sfn] yk ljB't\zlQm a9fpg] nIo /x]sf] atfP . !* j6f 7"nf xf]6]n, 5 ;fgf xf]6]nx¿ / :yfgLo uflj;sf] dfunfO{ ;d]t b[li6ut u/L yk !) lsnf]jf6 ljB't\ pTkfbg ug]{ nIo /x]sf] 5, pgn] eg] .

#) b]lv #% lsnf]jf6;Dd ljB't\ pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] of] 5x/faf6 !% lsnf]jf6 lah'nL pTkfbg ug{ !% b]lv @) nfv ¿k}of“;Dd nfUg]5 . yk ljB't\ pTkfbg ug{ kfj/ xfp; g} gof“ agfpg'kg]{ / d]l;g klg gof“ Nofpg'kg]{5 . To;}n] yk ljB't\ pTkfbgdf s]xL a9L ;do nfUg]5 . tLg jif{leqdf !% lsnf]jf6 Ifdtfsf] ljB't\ pTkfbg ug]{ nIo /fv]sf] 5'– u'?ªn] eg]

— s[i0fdl0f a/fn

cem} slt n'l6g]

d's]z kf]v/]n, e}/xjf

l $ kmfu'g @)^) df 8f“sfx¿sf] Ps ;d"xn] ¿kGb]xLsf] dqmx/ * sflnsf:yfgsf !! 3/af6 tLg nfv d"No a/fa/sf] wgdfn n'6] .

l o;cl3 !) df3 @)^) df ;f]xL uflj;sf] sfG5Lahf/sf ( 3/af6 ;fd"lxs ¿kdf Ps nfv gub;lxt !( tf]nf ;'gsf u/uxgf n'l6of] .

l * d+l;/ @)^) df a'6jnsf] /fddlGb/ nfOgsf u+ufk|;fb kGyLsf] n' @ k %)!& gDa/sf] df]6/;fOsn, b'O{ tf]nf ;'g / !% xhf/ gub n'6]/fx¿n] n'6]sf 5g\ . ;f“em k]:tf]n b]vfp“b} n'l6of] .

¿kGb]xLdf x'g] u/]sf n'6kf6sf 36gfx¿dWo]sf oL t s]xL pbfx/0fdfq x'g\ . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ¿kGb]xLsf cg';f/ !) ebf} @)^) ;/sf/ dfcf]jfbL jftf{ e+u ePotf $% eGbf a9L n'6kf6sf 36gfx¿sf] hfx]/L kl/;s]sf] 5 . t/, 36gfdf ;+nUg ePsf ck/fwLx¿ clxn];Dd kqmfp kg{ g;s]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ¿kGb]xLsf k|x/L pk/LIfs 9saxfb'/ sfsL{ atfpg'x'G5 .

n'6]/fx¿n] tL 36gfaf6 #% nfveGbf a9Lsf] wgdfn n'6]sf] hfx]/L k|x/L sfof{nosf] d'3f zfvfdf btf{ ePsf] 5 . o;/L n'6kf6df ;+nUg ePsf 8f“sfx¿n] dfcf]jfbL / ;'/IffsdL{x¿sf] /fd|/L ¿k e]ifwf/0f ug{ l;s]sf 5g\ . ut df3sf] klxnf] xKtf ¿kGb]xLsf] z+s/gu/ uflj;sf nfndl0f kf]v/]nsf] 3/df ;'/IffsdL{ ag]/ vfgtnf;L ug{ k;]sf pgLx¿n] sl/a kf“r nfv a/fa/sf] wgdfn n'6]sf lyP . hfg] a]nfdf cfkm"x¿ dfcf]jfbL ePsf] / s;}nfO{ va/ u/]df dfl/lbg] wDsL lbPsf] kLl8t atfp“5g\ . To;}u/L df3sf] klxnf] xKtf g} lhNnfsf] l6s'nLu9 uflj;sf] b'uf{gu/df xltof/;lxt cfPsf 8f“sfx¿n] klxn] cfkm"nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{ atfO{ 3/leq k|j]z u/]sf lyP eg] 3/leq k|j]z u/]kl5 dfcf]jfbL ePsf] atfp“b} ;fd"lxs ¿kdf kf“r 3/df n'6kf6 dRrfPsf lyP . /fltsf] ;dodf cfpg] 8f“sfx¿n] dfcf]jfbL ag]/ k|x/LnfO{ va/ ug{] u/]df dfg]{ wDsL lbPkl5 clwsf+z 36gfsf kLl8tx¿n] l9nf] u/L k|x/LnfO{ va/ ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . n'6kf6af6 kLl8t b'uf{gu/sf zf]efs/ rfkfufO{+ eG5g\– xltof/ b]vfp“b} va/ u/]df l;Wofpg] wDsL lbG5g\ . xfdLsxf“ kLl8t ph'/L ug{ l9nf] cfp“5g\ . Tolt a]nf;Dd ck/fwL ;'/lIft 7fp“df k'lu;Sb5g\, k|x/L pk/LIfs sfsL{ eGg'x'G5 .

ufp“df ePsf k|x/Lrf}sL c;'/Iffsf sf/0f lhNnf ;b/d'sfddf :yfgfGt/0f u/]kl5 8f“sfx¿n] kmfObf p7fp“b} cfPsf 5g\ .

dfcf]jfbL / ;'/IffsdL{x¿sf gfddf cem} slt k|tfl8t x'g]kg]{ xf] < ¿kGb]xLjf;Lx¿n] oxL k|Zg ub{5g\ .

kfNkfdf yk tLg PkmPd

slj/fh g]kfn

kfNkf . kxf8L lhNnf kfNkfdf yk tLg PkmPd ;~rfngsf] cg'dlt kfO{ tLj|:t/df sfo{/t 5g\ .

blIf0f Pl;ofd} klxnf] u|fdL0f:t/sf] /]l8of] ;kmntfk"j{s ;~rfng ePsf] rf/ jif{kl5 ;"rgf k|ljlwdf kx“'r a9fp“b} tLg PkmPdn] sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf x'g\ . @)%^ ;fndf :yfgLo dbgkf]v/f ufp“ ljsf; ;ldltsf hgtfn] ;fd'bflos /]l8of] dbgkf]v/f :yfkgf u/]sf lyP . h'g !)^ bzdnj ( d]3fxh{df clxn] lgoldt ¿kdf cf7 306f k|;f/0f eO/x]sf] 5 .

o;afx]s ljut Ps 8]9 jif{sf] cjlwdf oxf“sf /fhgLlts g]tfx¿, Jofkf/L / kqsf/;d]tsf] ;lqmotfdf d'lQmgfy PkmPd ;xsf/L /]l8of] tyf klZrdf~rn PkmPd / >Lgu/ PkmPd b'O{ Jofj;flos /]l8of]n] ;~rfng cg'dlt kfPsf 5g\ . oL tLgj6} PkmPd clxn] k|;f/0fsf] tof/Ldf ;+3if{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . tLgj6} PkmPdx¿sf] :6'l8of] lgdf{0f, 6fj/ lgdf{0f / hgzlQm h'6fpg] sfo{ wdfwd eO/x]sf] PkmPd ;~rfnsx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . PkmPdx¿sf] k|;f/0f ;'? x'g] lqmofsnfk;“u} lxhf]cfh kfNkfdf ;"rgf k|ljlwaf/] hgrf;f] a9\g yfn]sf] 5 . tfklg sltko k|a'4 JolQmTjx¿ of] k|ltk:wf{nfO{ /fhgLlts nx8 eGg klg a]/ nufp“b}gg\ . lsgls PkmPdx¿df ;Da4 JolQmx¿dWo]sf ;~rfngsf txdf /xg] JolQmTjx¿ s'g} vf; kf6L{;“u cfa4 /x]sf] k|:6} b]lvG5 . tyflk ;~rfnsx¿ eg] /fhgLltaf6 PkmPd ljns"n} d'Qm /xg] wf/0ff JoQm ub{5g\ .

((=$ d]3fxh{df k|;f/0fsf] cg'dlt kfPsf] klZrdf~rn PkmPdsf cWoIf /fhgk|;fb kGt cfkm\gf] PkmPdn] klZrdf~rn If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] u/L dgf]/~hgfTds, ;flxTo, gf/LpTyfg, kof{j/0f, ;dfrf/d"ns sfo{qmd / ;d;fdlos 36gfqmddf a9L s]lGb|t /x“b} b]zljb]zsf ultljlw ;d]6\g] atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“n] s'g}a]nf k|d'v Jofkfl/s s]Gb| /x]sf] tfg;]gaf6 k|;f/0f x'g] of] PkmPdn] ubf{ kj{t, u'NdL, afUn'ª, Ko'7fg, c3f{vf“rL, :ofª\hf, sf:sL;d]tnfO{ ;d]6\g] x'“bf Jofkfl/s k|of]hgsf nflu Pp6f …Kn]6kmd{Ú aGg] wf/0ff pxf“sf] 5 .

To:t} d'lQmgfy PkmPdsf sfo{jfxs cWoIf emk]Gb| u}/]sf] ljrf/df ;fd'bflos /]l8of] / ;a}If]qsf] k|ltlglwTj ePsfn] o;sf >f]tf g} cfkm\g} lsl;dsf x'g] x'“bf vf;} k|lt:kwf{ x'g] 5}g .

>Lgu/ PkmPdsf cWoIf eLd;]g sfsL{ ;/sf/n] lnPsf] pbf/Ls/0f gLltcg'¿k /]l8of] v'Ng' ;fdfGo ePsf] atfp“b} …hf] ;Ifd x'G5 ToxL l6S5Ú eGg'x'G5 .

ptf ;fd'bflos /]l8of]sf ¿kdf Vofltk|fKt ;fd'bflos /]l8of] dbgkf]v/fsf :6];g Dofg]h/ u'0ffv/ cof{n eg] ca v'Ng] /]l8of]n] cfkm\gf] /]l8of]nfO{ vf;} c;/ gug]{ atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“sf] ljrf/df ufp“sf hgtfnfO{ ;d]6]/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsfn] lj1fkg lbgsf nflu o;n] v'nf af6f] eg] cjZo lbg]5 .

:yfgLo a'l4hLjL eg] kfNkf lhNnfdf clxn];Dd Pp6f klg b}lgs klqsf k|sfzg x'g g;s]sf] kl/k|]Iodf rf/j6f PkmPd s;/L ;~rfng x'g] egL k|Zg ub{5g\ . km]l/ kfNkfsf] glhs} a'6jndf klg yk b'O{j6f PkmPd ;~rfngsf] tof/Ldf /x]sfn] / oxf“sf] nIo lj1fkg ;|f]t klg ToxL g} x'g] x'“bf / jt{dfg kl/l:ylt k|lts"n /x]sfn] klg :yfloTjaf/] z+sf ug'{ pko'Qm b]lvG5 .

/]l8of] v'Ng] ePkl5 lxhf]cfh tfg;]gdf /]l8of];DaGwL tflnd lng]x¿sf] ;+Vof lgs} a9]sf] 5 . ;'?df g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] @) hgfnfO{ cfwf/e"t /]l8of] kqsfl/tf tflnd lbPkl5 :yfgLo ;+3;+:yf oxf“;Dd ls sDKo'6/ OlG:6Ro'6x¿n] ;d]t pb\3f]if0f / k|fljlws tflnd lbg yfn]sf 5g\ . tLg÷rf/ dlxgfsf] cjlwdf o; lsl;dsf tflnd lng]sf] ;+Vof kf“r ;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'u]sf] 5 . a'6jn, sf7df8f}+sf PkmPddf sfo{/t JolQmTjx¿sf] gfd lnP/ tflnd lb“bf Psflt/ oL ;+:yfx¿n] gfkmf ug{ klg u/]sf 5g\ eg] o'jfo'jftLdf …cf/=h]=Ú aGg] nx8 rn]sf] 5 . ToxL sf/0fn] >Lgu/ PkmPd / klZrdf~rn PkmPdsf] cfjZostf;DaGwL lj1fkgdf lgs} eL8 k9\g yfn]sf] 5 . oBlk l;sf? pb\3f]ifsn] dfq} :t/Lotf s;/L b]nfg\, Tof] k|Zg eg] clxn]b]lv g} p7\g yfn]sf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ sfo{/t kqsf/x¿ eg] pT;flxt b]lvPsf 5g\ pgLx¿n] cj;/ kfpg] lglZrt g} 5 . To:t} a]/f]huf/sf nflu klg cj;/ h'6\b}5g\ .

cfufdL j}zfv;Dddf k|;f/0f ug]{ nIosf ;fy cl3a9]sf oL PkmPdx¿ kfNkf lhNnfsf] P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s, z}lIfs, ko{6sLo ;Defjgf / dxŒjnfO{ phfu/ ug{ ;xof]uL x'g] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .

b"/;~rf/ ;'ljwf / rf;f] a9\b}5

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfndf b"/;~rf/sf] If]qdf lghLIf]qaf6 o'gfO6]8 6]lnsd lnld6]8n] 8An'PnPn k|ljlwdf tf//lxt 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k|bfg ug{ yfn]sf] s]xL ;dootf df]laln6L, ;Lldt df]laln6L, ;L8LPdP / hLP;Pd h:tf b"/;~rf/sf k|fljlws zAbx¿ PsfPs rrf{df cfPsf 5g\ . s]xL lbg klxn] ;/sf/n] ;Lldt–df]laln6L If]qdf lnPsf] o'ufGtsf/L lg0f{o / o'gfO6]8 6]lnsdn] ;Lldt df]laln6L ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ ;Defjgf a9]kl5 clxn] hgdfg;df o; k|ljlwsf af/]df pT;'stf a9]sf] 5 . o'6LPnsf] cfudg;“u} b"/;~rf/ If]qn] 7"nf] km8\sf] df/]sf] 5 . h;af6 b"/;~rf/ ;]jf ;xh aGg k'u]sf] 5 .

s'g} Ps ;x/leq, ;x/–;x/aLr tyf b]z–b]zsf aLr k|bfg ul/g] df]afOn ;]jf df]laln6L xf] . o;df lgjf{w?kdf /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o /f]ldª ;]jf, lk|–k]8, P;PdP; ;]jfnufotsf cGo y'k|} ljz]iftfx¿ /x]sf x'G5g\ . t/, ;Lldt df]laln6L cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] Pp6f lj:tfl/t ?k tyf jfo/n]; nfOg n'k -8An'PnPn_ sf] Pp6f cË dfq xf] . tflŒjs ?kdf 8An'PnPn slGkmu'/];g / ;Lldt df]laln6L eGg' Pp6} xf] . o;n] ;fwf/0ftof 5f]6f] b"/L -P;8L;LPrP_ leq ;Lldt /f]ldª ;'ljwf k|bfg ub{5 . o; ;'ljwfcGtu{t pkef]Qmfn] To; b"/Lleq hxf“ kmf]g u/] klg :yfgLo sns} ?kdf u0fgf x'G5 . o;n] ;x/–;x/sf] aLrdf jf b]z–b]zsf] aLrdf /f]ldª ;]jf eg] k|bfg ub}{g . o;df lk|–k]8 ;]jf, P;PdP;sf] ;'ljwf klg lbOPsf] 5}g . oL b'j} Ps–csf{sf k|lt:kwL{ ;]jf xf]Ogg\ . o;n] ljleGg ju{nfO{ nIo u/L ;]jf k'¥ofpg] p2]Zo /fv]sf] 5 .

;fdfGotM df]laln6L aGb–Jofkf/ tyf Joj;fo ug]{n] pRr cfo ju{sf pkef]Qmfx¿n] k|of]u ub{5g\ . ;Lldt df]laln6L w]/} g} ;:tf] x'g] x'“bf dWod cfo ju{sf vf;u/L ljBfyL{, v'b|f laqm]tf, sd{rf/L, u[x0fLh:tf JolQmx¿n] ;fdflhs k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . gAa]sf] bzsdf df]laln6Ln] pBf]u Joj;foLx¿nfO{ /f]ldË / PS;];df cfwfl/t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfn] lbP/ b"/;~rf/sf] If]qdf qmflGt NofPsf] lyof] . xfnsf jif{x¿df ;Lldt df]laln6Ln] ;fdfGo hg;d'bfonfO{ cltl/Qm ;'ljwf;lxtsf] b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfg u/]/ y'k|} b]zdf ;"rgf qmflGt NofOlbPsf] 5 .

df]laln6L / ;Lldt df]laln6L;“u} clxn] g]kfnL ahf/df ;L8LPdP tyf hLP;Pdsf af/]df klg rrf{ ;'? ePsf] 5 . b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf oL b'O{ leGgfleGg} k|ljlwdWo] hLP;Pd l;dsf8{df cfwfl/t df]afOn ;]jf xf] o;n] /f]ldªnfO{ ;lhnf] agfpg'sf ;fy} lk|–k]8 ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ / x\ofG8 ;]6 k|of]u ug]{ klg ljsNk k|bfg u5{ . ;L8LPdP k|ljlwrflx+ 8An"PnPn If]qdf k|of]u x'g] l;dsf8{lagfsf] k|ljlw xf] . o;df lk|–k]8 ;]jf x“'b}g eg] x\ofG8;]6sf] ;'ljwf klg ;xh dflg+b}g .

b"/;~rf/sf] If]qdf k|of]u x'g] pko'{Qm k|fljlws zAbfjnLx¿ cfdg]kfnL pkef]Qmfx¿sf nflu gof“ / k|fljlws zAb ePsf sf/0f tL ;a} ;]jfx¿ Pp6} x'g\ ls eGg] efg k/]sf] 5 . t/, oL ;a} km/s–km/s ;'ljwf / ;]jf ePsfn] logLx¿sf] k|of]u klg km/s km/s 9+un] x'g] OR5f ltgLx¿sf]] pkof]lutf klg km/s–km/s /x]sf] 5 .

PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf cl3 al9/x]sf cfd pkef]Qmfx¿n] sd vlr{nf] tyf yk ;'ljwf;lxtsf] b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ ck]Iff /fVg' :jfefljs xf] . o; qmddf ;/sf/n] cjnDag u/]sf] pbf/ b"/;~rf/ gLltsf sf/0f cfpg nfu]sf] ;Lldt df]laln6Lk|ltsf] rf;f] a9\b} uPsf] 5 . pkef]Qmfx¿sf] cfjZostf / rfxgfcg';f/sf] k|ljlw / ;]jf pkof]u ug]{ cj;/ k|bfg u/]/ ;Dks{;lxtsf] ;xh hLjg JotLt ug{] pgLx¿sf] rfxgf / cfjZostfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' h?/L b]lvG5 .

ah]6 cefjn] k'nsf] sfd aGb

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

l;Gw'kfNrf]s . d]nDrLaf6 ;b/d'sfd rf}tf/f hf]8\g] OGb|fjtL gbLdfly lgdf{0f ul/g nfu]sf] kSsL k'nsf] sfd cfwf gx“'b} k};fsf] cefjn] Ps jif{cl3b]lv sfd /f]lsPsf] 5 .

Ps s/f]8 $& nfvdf cf/;L;L efudfq k"/f ePsf] / af“sL l/l;ª / k'nb]lv ahf/;Dd b'O{ s/f]8 %) xhf/sf] sfd ug{ ;/sf/n] k};f glbPsf] s'/f 7]s]bf/ k|sfz >]i7 atfp“5g\ .

@)%( sf] ah]6 efif0fdf ^) nfv 5'6\ofOof], kl5 $) nfvdfq /ftf] lstfadf /flvof] . clxn] cfP/ ljleGg sf/0fn] @% nfveGbf a9L ;/sf/n] glbg] s'/f u/]sf] 5 . kmnfd dfq Ps ;o !# d]l6«s 6g rflxG5 . e'QmfgL k};fsf] lhDdf ;8s ljefun] lnG5 eg] rf/ dlxgfdf k'nsf] sfd ;DkGg ug]{ atfp“b} 7]s]bf/ >]i7 eG5g\– ah]6 glbP cem rf/ jif{ klg nlDag ;S5 . lhNnfsf] klZrdL e]usf @* uflj;sf hgtf lh/f]lsnf] bf]nfn3f6x'“b} ^! lsnf]ld6/sf] af6f] lhNnf ;b/d'sfddf ljleGg sfdsf nflu hfg afWo 5g\ . hgtfnfO{ k|ToIf ;'ljwf k'¥ofpgsf] nflu #! lsnf]ld6/df ;xh} ;b/d'sfd k'Ug ;lsg] rf}tf/f– lkkn8f“8f v08sf] df]6/af6f] @)$( ;fnb]lv ljZjvfB ;+3sf] ;xof]udf lhlj;dfkm{t sf]bfnf] vg]sf] e/df ljut b'O{ jif{cl3b]lv gjnk'/ahf/;Dd lgoldt a; ;~rfng ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 .

xfn ljleGg sf/0f b]vfO{ g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] ljut tLg dlxgf cl3b]lv a; ;~rfng aGb u/]sf] 5 . r}t dlxgf;Dd OGb|fjtL k'nsf] jfl/sf] efu;Dd ;a} sfd k"/f x'g]5 . t/, af6f]sf] sfd k"/f eP klg k'nsf] sfd aGb x'gfn] ubf{ ;b/d'sfd hfg] ;of}+ afl;Gbfn] c;'ljwf ef]Ug'k/]sf] 5 .

km]jf ;+/If0fsf] lrGtf

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

ko{6sLo gu/L kf]v/fsf] k|d'v cfsif{0f km]jftfnsf] kfgL cToGt k|b"lift eO;s]sf] jftfj/0fljb\x¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . dfgjclwsf/, jftfj/0f sfg'g tyf c;n zf;g lqmofsnfk ;dfhsf] cfof]hgfdf km]jftfn;DaGwL jftfj/0fLo Gofosf kxnx¿ ljifos Ps cGtlq{mof sfo{qmddf lj1x¿n] ;f] tYo cl3;f/]sf x'g\ .

;x/LIf]qaf6 km]jftfndf ;f]e}m ldl;g] ;]tL gx/, a'nf}bL vf]nf, lkm8\s] vf]nf / 9nx¿df kf]v/]nLn] afy?d, lsrg, 6\jfOn]6sf] dnd"q;d]t ld;fpg' / tfnsf] 5]p5fpsf v]taf/Ldf xflng] /f;folgs dn tyf ljiffbLsf] a9\bf] k|of]un] of] ;d:of b]lvPsf] xf] .

cWoogcg';f/ lkm8\s] vf]nfsf] kfgL ldl;Psf] 7fp“ O{= sf]nLsf] ;+Vof k|lt Ps ldnL kfgLdf $! xhf/ ;ft ;o %) kfOPsf] 5 . ;]tLgx/ tfndf k|j]z ug]{ 7fp“df of] ;+Vof 5 xhf/ n'uf w'g] If]qx¿df ;ft ;o ePsf] kfOPsf] jftfj/0f sfg'gljb\ gf/fo0f a]Naf;]n] atfpg'eof] .

k|lt Ps ;o ldlnln6/ kfgLdf sf]lnkmd AofS6]l/ofsf] ;+Vof !) eGbf sd ePdfq kfgL vfg] k|of]hgsf nflu pko'Qm dflgG5 . km]jftfnsf] kfgLdf e]l6Psf] sf]lnkmd AofS6]l/ofsf] dfqfsf] sf/0f tfnsf] kfgL dfgj k|of]hgsf nflu pko'Qm gePsf] lj1x¿n] cf}+NofPsf 5g\ .

of] tYofÍn] ljiffbLnufotsf /;fogn] klg tfnsf] kfgL k|b"lift ePsf] b]vfp“5 . tfnsf] kfgLdf /;fog tyf vlgh nj0fx¿sf] dfqf a9\g'n] hns'DeL h:tf cgfjZos la?jfx¿ tfndf emflË“b} uPsf 5g\ .

km]jftfndflysf] pTkGg r'gf}tL ;DaGwdf Ps sfo{kq k|:t't ub}{ k[YjLgf/fo0f SofDk; kf]v/fsf pkk|d'v 8f= ljZjsNof0f k/fh'nLn] km]jftfn @@ jif{sf] cjlwdf dfq @^ k|ltztn] ;+sL0f{ ag]sf] atfpg'eof] .

tfnsf] ulx/fO kf“r ld6/ 36]sf], hne08f/0f Ifdtfdf #!=)) k|ltztn] x|f; cfPsf] atfp“b} hnfwf/ If]qaf6 a;]{lg k|lt x]S6/ #) 6gsf b/n] tLg nfv &) xhf/ 6g kfuf] df6f], u]u/ cfP/ tfndf y'lk|Psf] 5– pxf“n] eGg'eof] .

km]jftfn hnfwf/ ;+/If0f cfof]hgfsf cg';f/ a;]{lg tfn ^=& x]S6/sf b/n] k'l/+b} cfPsf] 5 . ljut !(*! b]lv @))! sf] @) jif{] cjlwdf dfq} hnfwf/ If]qsf uflj;df @* k|ltztn] / kf]v/f pkdxfgu/kflnsf;lxtsf] hnfwf/ If]qdf Ps ;o %& k|ltztn] hg;+Vof j[l4 ePsf] 5 . oxL sf/0fn] dfgj lqmofsnfkaf6 klg tfn k|b"lift / k'l/+b} uPsf] cfof]hgfsf] 7x/ 5 .

kf]v/fsf] k|d'v cfsif{0fsf ¿kdf /x]sf] km]jftfnsf] ;+/If0fdf tTk/tfsf ;fy sfof{/De gu/]df cfufdL bzsleq g} km]jftfn kmf]xf]/ kf]v/Ldf kl/0ft x'g] jftfj/0fljb\x¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . /fi6«s} bf];|f] 7"nf] tfn km]jfsf] ;+/If0fdf >L % sf] ;/sf/, ko{6g Joj;foL, pBf]u Joj;foL, jftfj/0fljb\x¿ / :jo+ gful/s ;dfh;d]t eO{ oyfzL3| tfn ;+/If0fdf h'6\g'kg]{ lj1x¿sf] 7x/ 5 .