Kathmandu, Sunday, October 31, 2004,  Kartik 15, 2061. 

;dfrf/

x/fp“b}5g\ sf7df8f}+sf r/fx¿

lbg]z sfsL{

sf7df8f}+ . bz jif{ cufl8;Dd dWoafg]Zj/ rf“bgLgu/sf /fh' kf]v/]n r/Lx¿sf] lr/la/ cfjfh;“u x/]s laxfg Ao'"emg] ub{y] . t/, cfhef]ln Toxf“ To:tf] cfjfh bGTosyf eO;Sof] . cfhef]ln pgsf] 3/cufl8sf] ;]lknf] a'6\ofgsf] 7fp“df cUnf3/x¿ ag]sf 5g\ . lsl;d–lsl;dsf cfjfh lgsfNg] r/fx¿ clxn] Toxf“ 5}gg\ . Toxf“sf] wflknf] hldgdf l;ds'v'/f, as'Nnf cflb r/fx¿nfO{ af/af/ b]Vg kfOGYof] . kf]v/]n eG5g\– æclxn] g oxf“ vfnL 7fp“ 5, g tL r/fx¿ g} otf cfp“5g\ .Æ

ljut !% jif{df sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf ;x/Ls/0fn] hlt h}ljs ljljwtf / jftfj/0fdf x|f; cfPsf] 5, Tof] ;fob} c?df cfPsf] xf]nf . klxn] sf7df8f}+df dflg;sf] a;f]af;sf] rfk ga9\bf ;fgfltgf l;d;f/hGo If]qx¿ a9L ePsf] / Toxf“ cfl>t r/fx¿ klg dgUu] ePsf] r/f ljifodf g]kfnsf k|yd ljBfjfl/lw 8f= x]d;fu/ a/fn atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“sf cg';f/, ;x/LIf]qaf6 t s]xL hftsf r/fx¿ nf]k eO;s]sf 5g\ . sf7df8f}+sf] cfsfzdf clxn] bzeGbf a9L k|hfltsf r/fx¿ p8\g 5fl8;s]sf 5g\ . dgf]x/f vf]nfdf kfOg] /fh x'l66\ofp“, u|Liddf pkTosf cfpg] /fgL r/L, Ps k|sf/sf] uf]a|] rf“r/ 8+u/ lu4, ;fgf] v}/] lu4, 3f]n s:b/L, hn cK;/f pkTosfdf b]Vg kfO"b}g . r/fx¿sf] nflu rflxg] k|fs[lts af;:yfgsf] ljgfz / dfgjl;lh{t lqmofsnfkn] k}bf u/]sf] c;'/Iffn] g} ;of}+ jif{b]lv pkTosfdf a:b} cfPsf oL r/fx¿ lj:yflkt ePsf x'g\ . g]kfndf r/f ;+/If0f / cWoog l9nf] ;'? ePsfn] klg slt k|hfltsf r/fx¿ pkTosfaf6 nf]k eO;s] eGg] olsg tYof+s kfpg ;lsPsf] 5}g .

hg;ª\Vof j[l4 / cJojl:yt ;x/Ls/0fn] pkTosfdf kfOg] uf8]{g a8{;\ klg ;+s6df kg{ yfn]sf 5g\ . au}+rfdf kfOg] elgg] oL r/fx¿ tL; k|Hffltsf 5g\ . h;df Wjf“;] lrj], uf}+wnL, af“s] as'Nnf lrqs] eb|fO{, sfnf] lrj], sfnf] lrn, kft l;pg] lkm:6f], ;]tf] as'Nnf, d}gf r/L, k'm;|f] 6fps], ;f/f}+, uf]w"nL lkm:6f], af}+8fO{, lxdfnL eb|fO{, km';|f] l6sl6s, kmfk|] r/f, 3/ sfu, 3/ e"u]/f, lkm/lkm/] uf+}ynL, rGrn] lkm:6f], cf;sf]6] as'Nnf, h+unL sfu, jgf¿kL, wf]ljgL r/L, ¿v r'Oof“, sfnf] a+'u]r/f, s+7] ;'uf, h'/]nL sf]rnuf“8], nf6f]sf];]/f], s'n]{ 9'+s'/, uf]dfo", dxflrn, ¿v e"u]/f, ;]tf] s07] dfl6sf]/] / ufhn] lktr/L kb{5g\ . g]kfn kIfL ;+/If0f ;+3n] oL au}+rfdf kfOg] r/fx¿sf] tYof+s ;+sng ul/x/]sf] To; ;+:yfsL l/;r{/ Ozfgf yfkf atfp“l5g\ . ;x/LIf]qdf uf8]{g j8{sf] klg af;:yfg ljgfz eO/x]sfn] t'ngfTds ¿kdf ;'/lIft dflgPsf] jfUdtL, lji0f'dtL cflb gbL lsgf/sf emfª–emf8Ldf oL r/fx¿ cf>o lnO/x]sf 5g\ . Toxf“ klg ;'/lIft / :j:ys/ jftfj/0f eg] 5}g . k|b"lift gbLsf] kfgLn] tL r/fx¿sf] :jf:Yodf s:tf] c;/ k/]sf] 5, s'g} lgsfoaf6 klg o;sf] cWoog ePsf] 5}g .

g]kfn clw/fHoe/sf r/fx¿sf] cjnf]sg / cWoogd} ;Dk"0f{ hLjg nufgL ug'{ePsf &$ jifL{o xl/z/0f g]kfnL …sfhLÚ sf7df8f}+df r/fsf] of] cj:yf b]v]/ lg/fz eO;Sg'ePsf] 5 . tLg;o jif{sf] Oltxf;df a]nfotL /fhb"t a|fog x6;G;kl5 g]kfnsf r/fsf] ;DaGwdf cWoog ug]{ xl/z/0f g]kfnL klxnf] JolQm x'g'x'G5 . pkTosfsf] ;x/LIf]qdf r/fsf] ;Gbe{df g]kfnL eGg'x'G5– æca ;Dej g} 5}g, r/f ;+/If0f ug{ . h+un ljgfz eO;Sof] . 3/}–3/dfq 5 .Æ

jftfj/0f k|b"if0f, af;:Yfg ljgfz, cfxf/sf] cefj cflb sf/0f g} pkTosfaf6 s]xL k|hfltsf r/f x/fPsf 5g\ . r/fx¿sf] nflu pko'Qm jftfj/0f, 3f“;]d}bfg, ¿vj[If cflbsf] gfdf]lgzfg gePkl5 of] cj:yf pTkGg ePsf] xf] . of] cj:yfdf r/fx¿sf] ljljwtfdf uDeL/ lu/fj6 t cfPsf] 5 g}, ePsf r/fx¿ klg ;+VofTds ¿kn] 3l6/x]sf 5g\ . pkTosfsf ;x/LIf]qsf] ;Gbe{df nf6f]sf];]/f]sf s]xL k|hflt, uf}+ynL, as'Nnf / cGo s]xL uf8]{g j8{ /x]sf 5g\ . ePsf r/fx¿sf] klg lubf]{ ;+Vofn] yk r/fx¿ klg nf]k x'g;Sg] vt/fdf /x]sf] lj1x¿ atfp“5g\ .

s]xL k|hfltsf r/fx¿ h:t} ;f/f}, e"u]/f, k/]jf, dn]jf cflb k/Dk/fut sfnb]lv g} r/fx¿ dflg;sf] glhs a:g ?rfp“5g\ . dflg;sf] 3/df /flvPsf Kjfndf u'"8 agfP/ logLx¿ a:g] u/]sf eP klg cfhef]ln agfOg] cfw'lgs 3/x¿df Kjfn g/fVg] ul/Psf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ dflg;sf 3/sf Kjfndf a:g] r/fx¿ lj:yflkt x'g] vt/f klg a9]sf] 5 . r/fn] 3/df u'"8 nufpg'nfO{ z'e;+s]t dfGg] k/Dk/fut ljZjf; w'ldn x'"b} uPsfn] of] ;d:of cfPsf] csf{ r/fljb\ 6Lsf lu/L atfpg'x'G5 . x'g klg cfw'lgstfn] uf“h]sf] pkTosfsf] ;x/LIf]qsf clwsf+z 3/df r/fsf] nflu eg]/ 5'§} KJffnsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] kfO"b}g . ufp“3/df agfOg] k/Dk/fut g]kfnL 3/df cem} klg ds}sf] em'Qf /fVg] 6\jfsnsf] d'lg r/fx¿nfO{ u'"8 agfpg KJffn /fVg] ul/G5 .

a;fO" ;/fOsf] qmddf hf8f]df pQ/af6 blIf0flt/ hfg] / udL{df blIf0faf6 pQ/ hfg] 3'dGt] r/fx¿sf] ;+Vofdf klg Jofks lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . ofqfsf] qmddf tL r/fx¿n] sf7df8f}+ pkTosfnfO{ s]xL dlxgf latfpg] ynf]sf] ¿kdf k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf lyP . r/fljb\ lu/Lsf cg';f/, blIf0f ef/taf6 udL{ dlxgfdf pkTosf cfpg] s's' / ÎnfOSofy/ r/fsf] ;+Vofdf sdL cfpg yfn]sf] 5 . c;'/Iff / jftfj/0fLo kl/jt{gsf sf/0f o;f] ePsf] xf] .

;+/If0f ;Dej 5 <

pkTosfdf klxn] kfOg] t/ clxn] nf]k eO;s]sf ;Ld;f/IF]q dg k/fpg] r/fx¿nfO{ kmsf{pg ca ;Dej 5}g . lsgls pkTosfsf c4{;Ld;f/ If]qsf] clxn] gfdlgzfg 5}g . kIfLljb\x¿sf cg';f/, ;a} kIfaf6 k|of; x'g] xf] eg] ePsf r/fsf] ;+/If0f ug{ ;lsG5 . 8f= a/fnsf cg';f/, k'/fgf ¿v gsf6\g], gof“ ¿v /f]Kg], 7fp“–7fp“df u'"8 afs; -g]:6 aS;_ /flvlbg] / r/f lzsf/LnfO{ /f]Sg] u/]df s]xL xb;Dd ;+/If0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

sf7df8f}+ / nlntk'/ hf]8\g] yfkfynL k'nd'lg cjl:yt o"Pg kfs{df g]kfn kIfL ;+/If0f ;+3n] r/f af;:yfg agfpg] of]hgf agfPsf] 5 . z+vd"nb]lv yfkfynL k'nsf] aLrdf o"Pg kfs{ ljsf; ;ldltaf6 ;+3n] k|fs[lts au}+rfsf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug{ s]xL hUuf % jif{sf] nflu lnhdf lnPsf] 5 . To; If]qdf ¿v–la?jf /f]Kg] / ;/;kmfO ug{ qmd hf/L eP klg cfzftLt ¿kdf sfd eg] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o"Pg kfs{ g} cfÎgf 3f]lift sfo{qmd ;dod} ;DkGg ug{ g;s]sf] a]nfdf kIfL ;+/If0f ;+3n] s;/L sfd ug]{5 . Tof] eg] k|tLIffsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 .

;d]6\g ;s]g sfg'gn] r/fsf d'2fnfO{

ko{6sLo b[li6n] dxŒjk"0f{ dflgPsf r/fsf] ;Gbe{df g]kfndf 5'§} sfg'g 5}g . t/, r/f;DaGwL Joj:yf /fli6«o lgs'~h tyf jGohGt' ;+/If0f P]g, @)@( df 5 . pQm P]gn] sfnf] :6s{, ;]tf] :6s{, ;f/;, 8f“km], d'gfn, v/dh'/, ;fgf] v/ dh'/ / 7"nf] wg]znfO{ ;+/lIft kIfLsf] ;"rLdf /fv]sf] 5 . ;do;fk]If ¿kdf of] P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg gul/Psfn] abln"bf] cj:yfsf s'/fx¿nfO{ ;d]6\g g;s]sf] /fli6«o lgs'Gh tyf ;+/If0f ljefusf dxflgb]{zs 8f= tLy{dfg df:s]sf] 7x/ 5 . 8f= df:s]sf cg';f/, ;+/If0fsf] ;"rLdf /x]sf sltko r/fsf] cj:yf /fd|f] /x]sf] 5 eg] sltko yk gof“ r/fx¿ nf]k x'g] vt/fdf 5g\ . r/fljb\ 8f= a/fn klg ;+s6df k/]sf yk gof“ r/fx¿nfO{ ;+/If0f ;"rLdf /fVg'kg]{df hf]8 lbg'x'G5 .

To;}u/L, pQm P]gn] ;+/lIft kIfL lzsf/ u/L df/]df jf 3fOt] agfPdf kf“r ;ob]lv bz xhf/ ¿k}of“;Dd hl/jfgf jf tLg dlxgfb]lv b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfosf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

;/sf/n] jGohGt' kfng, k|hgg tyf cg';Gwfg sfo{gLlt, @)^) df 8f“km] d'gfn, lrnnufotsf r/fx¿ kfNg kfpg] agfPsf] 5 . tL r/fx¿ kfNg rfxg] ;+3–;+:yfn] Ohfht tyf aLp, k|f0fL pknAw u/fPafkt b:t'/ ltg'{kg]{ x'G5 . 8f“k]mafx]s ;a} lsl;dsf r/fx¿sf] nflu Ohfhtafkt kf“rxhf/ / aLp, k|F0fLafkt k|ltr/f ? % xhf/ ltg'{kb{5 .

x/fP tL ;jfO{

r/fx¿sf] ;Gbe{df klxn]–klxn] w]/} uLt ;jfO{x¿ x'g] u/]sf] bf]nvfsf (( jifL{o k[yLaxfb'/ sfsL{ atfpg'x'G5 . t/, cfhef]ln xfd|f] hghLjg k|s[ltaf6 la:tf/} ljd'v x'"b} uPsfn] :jefljs ¿kdf r/fx¿af6 klg 6f9f x'"b} uPsf] 5 . g]kfnL hglha|f]df r/fsf] u'"8sf] af/]df Pp6f 6'Ssf 5–

9's'/sf] lnl;lk;L h'/]nLsf] dfgf]

d} hfjf] lrkm's]{sf] tLgtn] 5fgf]

klxnf] y'k|} r/f;DaGwL ;jfO{x¿ ufpg ;Sg] (( jifL{o sfsL{sf] :d[ltdf clxn] Pp6f dfq ;jfO{ ofb 5 .

;'g–;'g ;fyLefO d s]xL eG5'

r/f hflt ;a}sf] ;jfO{ sxG5'

k|yd sf]sn] s]6L dfUg uof]

lbg x]g]{ eg]b]lv eb|fO{ r/f] eof]

jgaf6 nfxf“r]n] sf7 vf]kL Nofp“Yof]

3/ a;L d':6]n] c/fg dfq nfp“Yof]

sgf{n km'sL hfg yfNof] s'y's]{ r/f]

jgaf6 8f“km]n] uxgf Nofp“Yof]

/fgLr/L a]x'nL s'y's]+ a]x'nf] .

;'>L wgsf] uf}+ynLk|]d

yfkfynLsf] k'n t/]kl5 s'k08f]ndf Pp6f ls/fgf k;n 5, h;nfO{ uf}+ynL3/ eg]/ :yfgLo dflg;x¿ / r/fk|]dLn] lrGg] ub{5g\ . rfnL; jifL{o ;'>L wg >]i7sf] pQm k;nnfO{ y'k|} uf}+ynLx¿sf] ljut !@ jif{b]lv cfÎgf] lk|o af;:yfg agfPsf 5g\ . df}:fdcg';f/, 36a9 x'"b} hfg] oL uf+}ynLx¿ k|To]s jif{ a9Ldf !% ;o / 36Ldf @ ;osf] x/fxf/Ldf k'Ug] ub{5g\ . afx|} dlxgf uf}+ynLx¿ o; 3/df b]lvP klg k|hgg ;dodf logLx¿sf] ;ª\Vof 36\g] ub{5 .

>]i7 cfÎgf] k;ndf uf}+ynLx¿ o;/L /lQPsf] b]Vbf dgdg} cfglGbt x'lG5g\ . elG5g\– æk|s[ltsf] z'4 k|f0fL r/fx¿ x'g\ . dflg;n] h:tf] 5nsk6 logLx¿n] hfGb}gg\ .Æ uf}+ynLsf] ;+utn] pgnfO{ klg ;/n / ;Gtf]ifL agfPsf] 5 . uf+}ynLsf] nflu eg]/} pgn] pQm k;n ef8fdf lbPsL 5}gg\ . ef8fdf lbg] xf] eg] ;lhn} dlxgfsf] !)÷!% xhf/ cfpg ;S5 .

x/]s laxfg ^ ah] k;nsf] 9f]sf p3fgf{;fy uf}+ynLx¿ cfxf/fsf] vf]hLdf x'x{'tL{ aflx/ lg:sG5g\ clg ;f“em ^ aHbf–gaHb} km]l/ ToxL k;nleq cfOk'luxfN5g\ . sltko uf}+ynLn] k;nsf] l;lnªdf u'"8 agfPsf 5g\ eg] c¿rflx" k;nsf] jNnf] 5]pb]lv kNnf] 5]p;Dd 6f“luPsf 8f]/Ldf lj>fd u/]/ /ft s6fp“5g\ . uf+}ynLx¿ Toxf“ a:bf ltgn] lji6f klg ub{5g\ . lji6f k;nsf ;fdfgx¿df gk/f];\ eg]/ wg >]i7 uf}+ynLx¿ lbgel/ cfxf/f vfP/ cfO;s]kl5 ;fdfgx¿dfly Knfl:6s cf]5\ofpg Jo:t /xlG5g\ . uf}+ynLx¿ ;f“em af;:Yfg kmls{g] a]nfdf ;'>L wg h;/L eP klg k;nd} al:5g\ . k;ndf c¿ sf]xL a;]sf] cyjf cfÎgf] cg'kl:yltdf uf+}YfnLn] af;:yfg glrg]/ kms]{nf eÌ] ;'>L >]i7nfO{ 7"nf] lrGtf x'G5 .

s]xL ljb]zL r/fk|]dLx¿sf] To; uf}+ynL 3/ k;nnfO{ dd{t–;Def/ ul/lbg] k|:tfj u/]sf lyP . t/, wg >]i7sf] kl/jf/n] dd{t–;Def/ u/]kl5 uf}+ynLx¿n] af;:yfg dg gk/fpnfg\ eg]/ pQm k|:tfj c:jLsf/ u/] . ^ dlxgfcufl8 k;n ;fx|} kmf]xf]/ h:tf] b]lvPkl5 klxn]sf] /ª;“u ldNbf]h'Nbf] tl/sfn] k;ndf sfnf]–v}/f] /+u/f]ug ul/of] . geGb} uf+}ynLx¿ em'lSsP . /, Toxf“ cfPgg\ . ;of}+sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf uf}+ynLx¿ !÷@ j6fdf dfq ;Lldt /x] . wg >]i7sf] uf}+ynLk|]daf6 tflgP/ xf]nf, clxn] k]ml/ tL r/fx¿ cfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . clxn] To; k;ndf Ps;o %) hlt uf}+ynLx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . wg >]i7sf cg';f/, ebf}b]lv df3;Ddsf] of] ;do uf}+YfnLsf] ;+Vof la:tf/} a9\b} hfg] df};d xf] .

dy'/fsf] /S;Ldf /fhZjsf] r':sL

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . cfGtl/s /fhZj ljefun] gSsnL cGtMz'Ns l:6s/ k|of]u u/]sf] cleof]udf >L l8li6n/Lsf] b'O{j6f 6«sx¿ kqmfp k/]sf] emG8} 8]9 dlxgf lalt;Sbf;Dd sf/afxL k|lqmof cufl8 ga9fPkl5 ljefusf] e"ldsfdfly g} k|Zg p7\g yfn]sf] 5 . ut c;f]h ^ ut] /fhZj cg';Gwfg ljefun] ;'?df lan gePsf] hgfp“b} kqmfp ul/Psf >L l8li6n/Lsf b'O{j6f 6«sx¿ kl5 cGtMz'Ns l:6s/ gSsnL k|of]u u/]sf] cfz+sfdf cg';Gwfg / sf/afxLsf nflu cfGtl/s /fhZj ljefudf k7fPsf] lyof] .

t/, ljefun] clxn];Dd sf/afxLsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg ;s]sf] 5}g . ljefusf lgb]{zs /0faxfb'/ >]i7 cGtMz'Ns l:6s/sf] j}wtf hf“Rg /f]gfi6 / k|x/L k|wfg sfof{nodf k7fOPsf]df Toxf“af6 hjfkm gcfO;s]sfn] sf/afxL cufl8 a9fpg g;s]sf] atfp“5g\ . >]i7sf] egfO lyof]– ælkmlhsnL x]bf{ yfxf gx'g] ePsfn] cflwsfl/s hf“rsf] nflu k7fOPsf] 5 .Æ t/, ;Da4 ;"qsf cg';f/, kqmfp ul/Psf] 6«sdf /x]sf] >L l8li6n/Lsf] …af]08Ú lJx:sLdf k|of]u ul/Psf] cGtMz'Ns l:6s/ gSsnL ePsf] k|:6 5'6\ofpg ;lsG5 . h'g ;SsnLeGbf ;fOh / l;l/on gDa/;d]t leÌ ePsf sf/0f gSsnL ePsf] nueu k|dfl0ft h:t} 5 . t/, ljefun] ;xh / ;/n tj/df g} 5'6Øfpg ;lsg] cGtMz'Ns l:6s/ 5fglagsf nflu /f]gfi6 / k|x/Ldf k7fP/ sf/afxLnfO{ ;':t agfPsf] ljefus} sltko sd{rf/Lx¿n] cf/f]k nufpg yfn]sf 5g\ . >L l8li6n/Lsf] gSsnL l:6s/ kqmfpkl5 p;sf tLg÷rf/ 7fp“sf uf]bfdx¿df ;d]t 5fkf df/L lzN8 ul/Psf] lyof] . lzN8 ul/Psf uf]bfdx¿ nut /fvL 5f]l8;s]sf] lgb]{zs >]i7 atfpg'x'G5 . t/, gSsnL l:6s/ k|of]u u/]sf] cfz+sfdf 5fkf df/L lzN8 ul/Psf] uf]bfd lsg / s] -<_ cfwf/df 5f]l8of] < Tof] eg] :ki6 x'g;s]sf] 5}g . ha ls 6«ssf] sf/afxL …l/kf]6{Ú gcfPsf] egL yf“tL /flvPsf] 5 .

>L l8li6n/Ln] cGtMz'Ns l:6s/ gSsnL k|of]u u/L /fhZj 5Nb} cfPsf] s'/f gf}nf] xf]Og . /, o;n] gSsnL l:6s/ k|of]u u/L s/f]8f}+ /fhZj 5Nb} cfPsf] tYo o;} 36gfaf6 klg phfuf/ eO;s]sf] 5 . emG8} zt k|ltzt s/ ltg'{kg]{ /S;Ldf gSsnL cGtMz'Ns l:6s/ k|of]u u/L /fhZj rf]g]{ wGbfdf cGo y'k|} l8li6n/L / lao/ pTkfbsx¿;d]t ;+nUg /x"b} cfPsf 5g\ .

/fhZj p7\tLsf] b[li6sf]0fn] dxŒjk"0f{ dflgPsf] /S;Ldf v'n]cfd s/f]8f}+ /fhZj rf]/L eO/x]sf] tYo ;fj{hlgs x'"bf;Dd cfGtl/s /fhZj ljefun] yk cg';Gwfg / sf/afxL cufl8 a9fpg'sf] ;§f crDdsf] df}gtf ;f“w]/ a;]sf] 5 . ljefusf] df}gtfnfO{ cy{k"0f{ dflgPsf] 5 / o;df s/f]8f}+sf] v]n ePsf] rrf{ ;j{q 5, h;df ;/sf/df ;+nUg kf6L{ / dGqL;Ddsf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . gSsnL cGtMz'Ns l:6s/;lxt kqmfp k/]sf 6«sx¿ klg uf]bfdsf tfnf vf]lnPem}+ Tolta]n} ;kmfO lbP/ 5f]8\g] ;f“7uf“7 leqleq} ;DkGg eO;s]sf] lyof] . t/, PsfPs 36gf ;fj{hlgs ;~rf/–dfWoddf cfPkl5 clxn] …lnËl/ËÚ u/]/ pDsfpg] k|of;df nfu]sf] ;"qn] hgfPsf] 5 .

ljefun] cGtMz'Ns l:6s/sf] j}wtf h"rfpg] …gf6sLoÚ v]n v]n]/ k|x/L / /f]gfi6df k7fPkl5 clxn] >L l8li6n/Lsf k|d'v ;~rfns dy'/f df:s] k|x/L / /f]gfi6df ;d]t ldnfpg] / l/kf]6{ l9nf] / cg's"n agfO{ k7fpg] bf}8w"kdf nfu]sf 5g\ . To;}n] klg k};fsf] andf /fhgLlt1 / sd{rf/L b'j}nfO{ d';f agfpg ;kmn df:s]dfly sf/afxL x'g] ;Defjgf IfL0f aGb} uPsf] 5 .

g]kfnL e"–efu ef/tLo sAhfdf
;ft ;o ljufxf hldg cltqmd0f

x+z/fh Gof}kfg]

s}nfnL . ef/tLo kIfn] ;of}+ laufxf g]kfnL e"–efu cglws[t ¿kdf cltqmd0f u/]sf] 5 . s}nfnL lhNnfsf] k/f;g uflj;–*, ljrkmf“6df ef/tLo k|zf;sx¿n] k'/fgf] ;Ldf:tDe ldr]/ g]kfnL e"–efu cltqmd0f u/L gof“ ;Ldf:tDe uf8]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL e"–efu ef/tLox¿n] cfÎgf] sAhfdf lnPsf 5g\ .

ef/tLox¿sf] cltqmd0fkl5 :yfgLo ljrkmf“6 /fli6«o lgdfljsf] cl:tTj;d]t ;+s6df k/]kl5 ;LdfIf]qsf :yfgLo g]kfnLx¿ cfqmf]lzt aÌ k'u]sf 5g\ . t/, :yfgLo k|zf;gn] eg] clxn];Dd s'g} k|ltlqmof hgfPsf] 5}g .

ef/tLo kIfn] g]kfn–ef/t ;+o'Qm ;Ldf ;j]{If0f 6f]nLsf] ;xdlt eGb} g]kfnL e"–efuleq cfP/ gof“ ;Ldf:tDe uf8]sf] xf] . ;f] ;Ldfdf kg]{ ;flassf] ($ gDa/ ;Ldf:tDeeGbf lgs} dfly &&# gDa/sf] gof“ ;Ldf:tDe ufl8Psf] 5 . h'g :yfgLojf;L :jLsfg{ tof/ 5}gg\ . :yfgLo gf/fo0f rGbn] lbPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/, ($ gDa/sf] ;Ldf:tDesf] ;§fdf eGb} g]kfnL e"–efu ldr]/ &&# gDa/sf] gof“ ;Ldf:tDe ufl8Psf] 5 . ha ls ($ gDa/sf] k'/fgf] ;Ldf:tDe gof“ :tDeeGbf emG8} tLg lsnf]ld6/ blIf0f ef/tLo h+unglhs /x]sf] b]lvG5 . :yfgLojf;L ef/tLokIfn] ;LdfIf]qdf cGo y'k|} k'/fgf ;Ldf:tDex¿;d]t g]kfnL e"–efutk{m cltqmd0f u/L ;f/]sf] cf/f]k nufp“5g\ .

ef/tLo kIfn] cltqmd0f u/L gof“ ;Ldf:tDe 7f]s]kl5 @)%# ;fnb]lv ;~rfng x'"b} cfPsf] ljrkmf“6 :s'nsf] bz laufxf hldg;d]t ef/tdf ufleg k'u]sf] 5 . h'g hldg @)%@ ;fndf tTsfnLg ;'s'daf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof]un] :s'nsf] gfddf btf{ u/L lkmN8 a'sdf sfod u/]sf] 5 . /, :s'nn] jflif{s %) xhf/df ;f] hldg 7]Ssfdf lbO{ cfocfh{g ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . :s'nsf] 7"nf] cfo;|f]tsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] hUuf ef/tLo kIfn] cltqmd0f u/]kl5 :s'nsf] z}lIfs ultljlw ;'rf? /fVg;d]t sl7gfO x'g] ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks ;"o{k|;fb kf}8]n atfpg'x'G5 .

o;}u/L, ef/tLo kIfn] cfÎgf] gof“ ;Ldf:tDeleq kf/]sf] …Kof/f tfnÚ;d]t :yfgLo k'/fgf / hfÌ]–a'‰g] g]kfnLx¿ g]kfns} e"–efu ePsf] atfp“5g\ . :yfgLo cln cG;f/L eG5g\– æljut @)@* ;fnb]lv o;} l;dfgfdf a;]/ hUuf sdfP/ vfO/x]sf] 5' . d]/f] cf“vfcufl8 /ftf/ft ef/tLox¿n] g]kfnL e"–efu sAhf u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfnLsf] af; p7fp“bf klg lsg g]kfn ;/sf/ r'k a;]sf] 5 <Æ

ef/tLokIfn] k'/fgf ;Ldf:tDex¿ eTsfpg] / g]kfnL e"–efudf /ftf/ft ;fg]{ jf gof“ :tDe lgdf{0f u/L g]kfnL e"–efu cltqmd0f ug]{ 36gfx¿ af/Daf/ bf]xf]¥ofp“b} cfPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts cl:y/ / sdhf]/ ;/sf/sf sf/0f ljut s]xL jif{otf ef/tLo zf;sx¿af6 g]kfnL ;Ldf cltqmd0f ug]{, ;LdfIf]qdf cglws[t ¿kdf 7"nf af“wx¿ lgdf{0f u/L g]kfnL e"–efudf pl7af; nufpg] ldrfxf k|j[lQ z[+vnfa4 ¿kdf a9\b} uPsf] 5 . ;/sf/sf tk{maf6 ef/tLo cltqmd0flj?4 7f]; cfklQ hgfpg g;Sbf klg x]kfxf dgf]j[lQdf ;'wf/ cfpg g;s]sf] b]lvG5 . nfdf] v'nf;Ldf Jojl:yt ug]{ g]kfn–ef/t ;+o'Qm ;Ldf ;j]{If0f ;ldlt u7g u/L clwsf+z ljjfb / hl6ntfx¿ ;ldltdf y'kfl/Psf] 5 t/ ;ldltsf] sfd–sf/afxL k|efjsf/L / ;sf/fTds x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf ef/tLokIfn] eg] ;Ldf ;j]{If0f ;ldltsf] xjfnf lb"b} dgf]dfgLk"0f{ 9+uaf6 ;Ldf ldRg] sfd x'"b}cfPsf] 5 . t/, ef/tlj?4 /fhgLlts g]t[Tjnufot pRr kbflwsf/Lx¿;d]t af]Ng tof/ b]lv"b}gg\ .

;+s6df k/]sf] 5– k~r}afhf

o1 a~hf8]

bfª . æs'g} ;dodf ljjfx, j|taGw, k"hfcfhf, /f]kfO", ;Ktfx, o1, dxfo1nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ v';Lsf sfo{x?df k~r}afhf ahfOGYof] .Æ ca t w]/} h;f]nfO{ k~r}afhfsf] gfd ;'Gbf klg crDd nfUg yfln;Sof] . t/, s] ug'{, hdfgf ablnO;s]sf] 5 . k~r}afhfsf] :yfg ljleÌ lsl;dsf cfw'lgs afhf / 8«d;]6n] lnO;Sof] . jf:tjdf of] b'Mvsf] s'/f xf] . of] egfO lqe'jggu/ gu/kflnsf jf8{ g+= % cDafk'/ lgjf;L k~r}afhf jfbs ljgaxfb'/ g]kfnLsf] xf] .

;'Gb}df dfG5]nfO{ k|k'mNn agfpg] k~r}afhfn] ljz]ifu/L lxGb" ;dfhdf a9L dxŒj /fVb5 . of] afhf bdfO{+hflt;“u ;DalGwt 5 . 6]Dsf], 9f]nsL, bdfxf, ;gO{, gl;{+x, 3f]Ss/ / ‰ofnLnufotsf afhfx?sf] ;lDd>0fnfO{ g} k~r}afhf elgG5 . jf:tjdf of] k|yf k|frLgsfnb]lv g} ;'? ePsf] kfOG5 . t/, s]xL ;do otf k~r}afhf nf]k x'g] qmd tLj| ¿kdf a9\b} uPsf] 5 .

afNosfnb]lv g} afa'afh];“u afhf ahfpg l;Sg ;'? u/]sf %# jifL{o ljgaxfb'/ g]kfnL ce}m klg cfÎgf] 5f]/f / gfltsf] ;fy afhf ahfpg lx"8\g] ub{5g\ . of] k];fnfO{ cfÎgf] hfltsf] uxgfsf] ¿kdf x]g]{ ljgaxfb'/df k];fnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] 7"nf] wf]sf] 5 . t/, cfÎgf] z]ifkl5 cfÎgf ;Gtfgn] k];fnfO{ lg/Gt/tf b]nfg\ eÌ] s'/fdf ljZj:t 5}gg\, pgL . cfÎgf] kfnfsf afhf ahfpg] ;Dk"0f{ ;fyLx¿ dl/;s]sfn] cfk"mnfO{ dfq o;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg wf}–wf} k/]sf] pgL atfp“5g\ . r}t]bz+} / a8fbz}+df :yfgLo clDas]Zj/L dlGb/df bz+} cjlwe/ g} lgoldt afhf ahfp“b} cfPsf] atfpg] ljgaxfb'/n] o; k];faf6 cfk"mnfO{ /fd|f] kmfObf x'g] eP klg plrt cj;/ gkfOg', hgzlQmsf] cefj / ul/aLnufotsf ljljw ;d:ofn] To;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg g;s]sf] atfp“5g\ .

afa'n] afhf ahfPsf] b]v]/ /x/n] cfk"mn] klg afhf ahfpg l;s]sf] / s]xL 7fp“df afhf ahfpg lx"8] klg cfk"mn] kl5 uP/ To; k|yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf glbg] ljrf/ ljgaxfb'/sf !# jifL{o 5f]/f gf/fo0f g]kfnLsf] 5 . pgL eG5g\, …cfhef]ln af;“u afhf ahfpg uOG5, kl5 t s] afhf ahfOPnf / < s:tf] nfh nfU5, ;fyLx¿n] klg lvHofp“5g\ . a? w]/} k9\g'knf{ / c¿ hflu/ ug'{knf{ . afhf ahfpg uP klg s;}n] /fd|f] eGb}g, a? pN6} of] t bdfO{+ kf] /x]5 eG5g\Ú– gf/fo0fsf] yk syg lyof] .

csf{ k~r}afhf jfbs dfgaxfb'/ g]kfnL klg &÷* jif{klxn]b]lv ljleÌ rf8kj{df afhf ahfp“b} cfPsf 5g\ . k~r}afhfnfO{ hf]ufO/fVg] cfk"mx¿sf] 7"nf] OR5f eP klg ul/aLsf] sf/0f To;nfO{ k"/f ug{ g;s]sf] dfgaxfb'/ atfp“5g\ . æx]g'{xf];\ g, xfdL cfk}+m ul/a 5f+}, ;w+}el/ afhf ahfpg] s'/f klg x'"b}g, slxn]sfxL" ahfP/ vfg k'Ub}g clg s] ug'{ t < xfd|f] ;d:of eg]sf] ;f“em–laxfg xftd'v hf]g'{ xf] lg, dfgaxfb'/n] u'gf;f] kf]v] . pgL cufl8 eG5g\, …x]g'{;\, oxf“sf dfG5]n] k~r}afhfsf] dxŒj a'e]msf 5}gg\, c¿ dx"uf] k};f lt/]/ b]zL afhf agfp“5g\, k~r}afhfdf jf:t} /fVb}gg\ .Ú

jt{dfg ;dodf k~r}afhf nf]k x'"b} uPsf] / To;sf] plrt ;+/If0f ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf ePsfn] o; k];fnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] ljrf/ csf{ k~r}afhf jfbs lji0f' g]kfnLsf] 5 . t/, ljleÌ sf/0fn] pgsf] /x/ /x/d} ;Lldt 5 . vf; s'/f] t k~r}afhf eg]sf] bdfO{+hfltn] ahfp“b} cfP klg of] /fi6«s} klxrfg xf] . o;sf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu ;a}n] kxn ug'{kg]{ xf] . xfd|f] dfq} t s] kf] nfU5 / < lji0f' atfp“5g\ . pgL cufl8 yK5g\, …dfG5] ;a} ablnO;s], pgLx¿n] gof“–gof“ afhf vf]H5g\ . s;n] /f]lhlbG5 / k~r}afhfnfO{ < cem pN6} afhf ahfp“bf klg s:tf] ?l9jfbL afhf ahfp“5g\ eg]/ x]K5g\ .

csf{ k~r}afhf jfbs dbg g]kfnL klg cfÎgf] afa'–afh]sf] kfnfb]lv ahfp“b} cfPsf] o; afhfnfO{ cfk"mx¿sf] hf]ufO/fVg] ljrf/ ePsf] atfp“5g\ . cfk"mn] klg cfÎgf afa'af6} afhf ahfpg l;s]sf] atfpg] dbgn] o; k];faf6 /fd|F] cfDbfgL x'g;Sg] atfp“5g\ . t/, cfk"mx¿n] o;nfO{ /fd|f] kl/dfh{g ug{ g;s]sf] :jLsf5{g\, pgL . cfk"mx¿n] Ps lsl;dsf] 8«]; l;nfpg] / gof“ afhf vl/b ug{ g;s]sf] klg pgL atfp“5g\ . h] eP klg o; k];fnfO{ hf]ufO/fVg] b[9tf JoQm ub{5g\, pgL . jf:tjdf of] xfdL bdfO{+ hflts} uf}/j xf] . lhh'afh]sf] kfnfb]lv rNb}cfPsf] s'/fnfO{ xfdLn] To;} TofUg klg t ldn]g lg † To;}n] ca l5§} gof“ 8«]; agfpg] ;'/df 5f+}, k'/fgf / lau|]sf afhfsf] 7fp“df gof“ afhf agfpg] ljrf/ u/]sf 5f+} . o;af6 xfdLnfO{ s'g} g/fd|f] ePsf] 5}g . a?, plrt ;Ddfg kfPsf 5f}+ .

k~r}afhf g]kfns} uf}/jsf] k|tLs xf] . o;sf] nf]k x'g'df bdfO{+hfltsf] dfq} s'g} bf]if 5}g . bf]ifsf efuLbf/ t xfdL ;a} xf+} . nf]k x'g nfu]sf] ;+:s[lt / k/Dk/fnfO{ hf]ufO/fVg'df t xfdL lzlIft ju{sf] emg\ 7"nf] lhDd]jf/L 5 . :yfgLo k|flj a]n3f/Lsf k|wfgfWofks lji0f'k|;fb kf}8]n atfpg'x'G5 . g]kfnaf6 k~r}afhf nf]k x'"b} hfg' b'Mvsf] s'/f xf] . o;sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx¿n] cfk;df pr–gLrsf] efjgf TofuL ltgsf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu cf–cfÎgf] :yfgaf6 ;Sbf] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg'kg]{ wf/0ff k|wfgfWofks kf}8]nsf] 5 .

k~r}afhf nf]k x'g'df c1fgtf, clzIff x'"bf–x'"b} klg klZrdL ;+:s[ltsf] tLj|¿kdf ePsf] k/;+:s[tLs/0f / cfTd;ftLs/0f ePsf] atfpg'x'G5, :yfgLo a'l4hLjL lgTofgGb zdf{ . t/, yf]/} JolQm dfq o;sf] ;+/If0fdf nfu] ;lhn} ;+/If0f x'g] wf/0ff pxf“sf] 5 .

clj/n ;flxTo ;dfhsf] u7g

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

l;Gw'kfNrf]s . g]kfnL efiff–;flxTosf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/ ug]{ p2]Zo lnO{ l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] af8]ufp“ uflj;df Ps ;flxlTos ;+:yfsf] u7g ul/Psf] 5 . …clj/n ;flxTo ;dfhÚ gfds ;f] ;+:yfsf] ;+of]hsdf lhNnfsf nf]slk|o slj ob'gfy …j;Gtk'/]Ú /xg'ePsf] 5 . ;flxTo Pj+ kqsfl/tfsf If]qdf lhNnfdf 5l/P/ /x]sf k|ltef / ltgsf /rgfnfO{ k|:k'ml6t ug]{ p2]Zon] ;f] ;+:yfsf] u7g ul/Psf] ;+:yfsf ;+of]hs slj j;Gtk'/]n] atfpg'eof] . gjul7t ;+:yfsf cGo kbflwsf/Lx¿df nf]sufos xl/ yfkf, kmf]6f]kqsf/ ch'{gljqmd yfkf, kqsf/ a'l4k|;fb cfrfo{ …:jKgLnÚ, ejgfy cfrfo{ …:jtGq 7'NbfOÚ, zzLgfy cfrfo{ …zPg zfnLgÚ / gj/fh ljs /x]sf 5g\ . ;+:yfn] cfp“bf] nIdLk"hfsf lbg :yfgLo tLg3/] 7f“6Ldf Ps ;flxlTos sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ ePsf] 5 . ;fy}, ;f]xL lbg ;fwf/0f;efdfk{mt ;dfhsf] sfo{;ldltnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg'sf ;fy} efjL /0fgLltsf af/]df ;d]t k|sfz kfl/g] hfgsf/L ;+:yfsf ;b:o kqsf/ a'l4k|;fb cfrfo{ …:jKgLnÚn] lbg'eof] .

cfh /ljz+s/sf] k|jrg

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

sf7df8f}+ . …cf6{ ckm lnleªÚsf k|jt{s >L >L /ljz+s/ cWofTdsf] dfWodaf6 ljZjzflGt;DaGwL k|jrgsf] l;nl;nfdf lxhf] /fhwfgL sf7df8f}+ cfOk'Ug'ePsf] 5 . h]6 Po/j]hsf] ljdfgaf6 ck/fGx lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn cjt/0f ug'{ePsf /ljz+s/ k|jrgs} l;nl;nfdf jL/u~h k|:yfg u/L Toxf“ k|jrg lbP/ k'gM sf7df8f}+ kms{g'ePsf] lyof] .

cfh ;f“em jL/]Gb| cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|df pxf“sf] cfWoflTds k|jrgsf] sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 . k|jrg k|]d, Jofjxfl/s af}l4stf / c;Lldt s?0ffdf s]lGb|t /xg]5 . g]kfndf /x]sf eQmhgx¿sf] ljz]if cfu|xdf pxf“ g]kfn cfpg nfUg'ePsf] xf] . k|jrg e|d0fsf] qmddf /ljz+s/n] jflif{s ¿kdf ljZjsf #) b]lv $) b]z e|d0f ug]{ ug'{x'G5 .

cf6{ ckm lnleª bz{gsf k|jt{s tyf ;'bz{g lqmofsf k|rf/s /ljz+s/sf ljZjzflGt;DaGwL sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ /fi6«;+3n] ;d]t cfÎgf] sfo{qmddf ;dfj]z u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf klg cf6{ ckm lnleªsf] zfvf sfof{no v'ln;s]sf] 5 . u'? /ljz+s/sf] of] e|d0fn] g]kfn / ef/t b'O{b]zaLrsf] wfld{s ;DaGw cem k|uf9 x'g] ljZjf; lnOPsf] 5 .

l3ld/]nfO{ ;kmfO

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ k"j{ /fHodGqL nId0fk|;fb l3ld/]sf] ;|f]t gv'n]sf] ;DklQ;DaGwL d'2f clVtof/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . ut sflt{s @ ut] a;]sf] clVtof/sf] a}7sn] ;f] lg0f{o u/]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

pRr:t/Lo ;DklQ 5fglag cfof]usf] k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df x}l;oteGbf a9L ;DklQ /fv]sf] cfz+sfdf 5fglag u/]sf] clVtof/n] 5fglagsf qmddf To:tf] ge]l6Psf] egL l3ld/]sf] ldl;n tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . To;}u/L o;} k|sf/sf] d'2fdf 5fglagdf kg'{ePsf ;lrj nf]sdfgl;+x sfsL{n] klg ;kmfO kfpg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“x¿ b'j}hgfnfO{ @)^) j}zfv ! ut] k'hL{ sf6L clVtof/n] 5fglag ul//x]sf] lyof] .

hubDafsf] :qmØfk An]8–808L

sf7df8f}+ . cfoft Jofkf/af6 pBf]udf km8\sf] df/L 5f]6f] ;dodf y'k|} pBf]ux¿ ;~rfng u/L k|rf/df cfPsf] z+s/ ;d"xn] pBf]ux¿af6 t:s/L u/L s/f]8f}+sf] /fhZj rf]/L ub}{ cfPsf] ;dfrf/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

z+s/ ;d"xn] e}/xjfdf :yfkgf u/]sf] hubDaf l:6n clxn] /fhZj rf]/L / t:s/Lsf] d'Vo s]Gb| ag]sf] bfaL ;Da4 Joj;foLx¿sf] 5 . hubDaf l:6nn] e}/xjfdf 808L pBf]usf] cnjf :qmØfk An]8 agfpg] KnfG6;d]t nufPsf] 5 . vf;u/L sjf8Lsf ¿kdf ;+sng ePsf] kmnfdsf 6'qmfx¿nfO{ unfP/ 808Lsf] nflu cfjZos / pko'Qm An]8 agfpg] k|lqmofnfO{ :qmØfk An]8 eGg] ul/G5 . hubDafn] sjf8Laf6 808L An]8 agfO{ cfk+}mn] 808L pTkfbg ug'{sf cnjf cGo pBf]ux¿nfO{ ;d]t laqmL ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . Joj;foLx¿sf cg';f/, hubDafn] :qmØfk An]8 cfkm}+n] pTkfbg ug'{sf ;fy–;fy} ef/taf6 cfoft;d]t ug]{ ub{5 / cGo pBf]ux¿nfO{ ;:tf]df lbg] u/]sf] atfOG5 . /, o;sf nflu 808L agfpg sd;n / ;:tf] dflgg] :qmØfk An]8 7"nf] dfqfdf eG;f/ 5nL t:s/L u/]/ Nofpg] u/]sf] bfaL ;dfrf/ ;"qsf] 5 . eG;f/ 5nL u/]sf sf/0f cGo pBf]ux¿nfO{ ;d]t ef/taf6 cfoft ug'{eGbf ;:tf] kg]{ ePkl5 hubDaf;“u} lng] u/]sf] atfOG5 . pgLx¿sf cg';f/, hubDafn] ef/taf6 7"nf] dfqfdf :qmØfk An]8 eG;f/ 5nL u/L leœofP/ pBf]usf] pTkfbgsf gfddf laqmL ug]{ ePsfn] klg ;:tf] kg{ uPsf] xf] .

csf]{lt/ ut;fn 808L An]8sf] efp a9\g'cl3 hubDafn] sDtLdf ^ dlxgfsf] nflu k'Ug] An]8 a'lsª u/L k|tLt–kq;d]t vf]ln;s]kl5 g]kfn gleœofO{ ef/td} laqmL u/]sf] ;Da4 Joj;foLx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . h;df s/f]8f}+sf] ljb]zL d'b|f ckrng / /fhZj 5nL u/]sf] x'g ;Sg] cfz+sf ul/Psf] 5 . z+s/ ;d"xsf d'Vo ;~rfns z+s/ uf]Nofg Ps bzs cl3;Dd ;fdfGo Jofkf/L lyP . vf;u/L t];|f] d'n'saf6 a]l/ª cfoft u/L ef/tdf laqmL ug]{ cj}w wGbfaf6 5f]6f] ;dodf g} cs't k};f sdfpg ;kmn ePsf] Jofkf/Lx¿ atfp“5g\ . /fhZj rf]/L / ljb]zL d'b|f ckrngaf6 dfly p7]sf uf]Nofgn] xfn cfP/ pBf]usf gfddf t:s/L ul//x]sf] ;dfrf/ ;"qx¿n] bfaL u/]sf 5g\ . z+s/ ;d"x uf]Nofg;“u} Jofkf/L lji0f' Gof}kfg] / clgn hfl6ofsf] ;d]t ;fe]mbf/L /x]sf] atfOG5 .

sd ef8fb/df h]6df ofqfsf] cj;/

sf7df8f}+ . o'/f]k tyf cd]l/sfdf cfGtl/s p8fgdf Voflt sdfPsf] ljdfg kmf]s/ !)) h]6nfO{ sl:ds Po/n] g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s p8fgdf k|of]u u/]sf] 5 . ut dËnaf/b]lv sl:ds Po/n] lj/f6gu/–g]kfnu~h / e}/xjf;Ddsf] lgoldt p8fg o;} hxfhaf6 ;'? u/]sf] 5 . o; k|of;sf] yfngLkl5 cfGtl/s xjfO{ p8fgdf h]6 ljdfgsf] xjfO{;]jf k|bfg ug]{ sl:ds g]kfndf klxnf] ljdfg sDkgL aGg k'u]sf] 5 .

ljVoft /f]N; /f]o; sDkgLåf/f lgdf{0f ul/Psf] kmf]s/ !)) h]6 Po/qmfÎ6sf] ofq'Ifdtf ! ;o %) /x]sf] 5 . h]6 ljdfg;“u} ofq' sd b/df ofqf ug]{ cj;/ ;d]t kfpg] ePsf 5g\ .

sl:dsn] g]kfnu~hsf nflu @ xhf/ @ ;o ¿k}of“ ef8f lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . h'g cGo ljdfg sDkgLsf] t'ngfdf ! xhf/ # ;on] ;:tf] 5 . lj/f6gu/sf nflu cGo sDkgLsf] t'ngfdf emG8} cfwf sd cyf{t\ ! xhf/ ^ ;o ef8fb/ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 eg] e}/xjfsf nflu ! xhf/ % ;o ¿k}of“ k|ltofq' lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . P;cf]cfO{ ;d"xsf cWoIf ;'zLn >]i7sf cg';f/, hxfhdf k|z:t Ifdtf ePsfn] ;:tf]df u'0f:t/Lo ;]jf lbg sDkgL ;Ifd ePsf] xf] . sl:dssf] of] 5'6sf] Kofs]hkl5 g]kfnsf cGo ljdfg sDkgLx¿df ofq'nfO{ 5'6 lbg] s'/fdf k|lt:kwf{ a9]/ uPsf] 5 . k|lt:kwf{sf] of] ¿knfO{ g]kfnsf] xjfO p8fg ahf/df ;sf/fTd ¿kdf x]l/Psf] 5 .

csf]{ h]6 Po/qmfÎ6 NofOPkl5 cGt/f{li6«oIF]qdf klg p8fg eg]{ sDkgLn] hgfPsf] 5 . e}/xjfaf6 nvgpm / jf/f0f;L p8fg eg]{ cg'dlt kfPsf] sDkgLn] e'6fg, d'DaO{ / a}+ªnf]/, a}+ss / sf]nDaf];Dd p8fg eg]{ tof/L ul//x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

sflnsf]6df lzIffsf] sfnf] kf6f]

sn]Gb| ;]h'jfn

sflnsf]6 . sflnsf]6sf] 8fFkm] k|:tfljt lgDgdfWolds ljBfno / d'd|f pk:jf:Yo rf}sLsf] ejg …;femfÚ 5 . @)%^ df dfcf]jfbLn] pk:jf:Yo rf}sL /x]sf] ejg eTsfOlbPkl5 To;otf ljBfnos} Pp6f sf]7fdf :jf:Yorf}sL ;/]sf] 5 . o;} lhNnfdf /x]sf] e+s k|fylds ljBfno ejgsf] 5fgf kfgL r'lxg] / 3fd l5g]{ ePsf] rf/ jif{ lalt;Sof] . of] h:tfsf] t:t} 5 . ejg x'g' / gx'g'sf] s'g} cy{ 5}g .

sflnsf]6sf] vl:sFbf] z}lIfs cj:yfsf] sf/0f b]vfpg] oL b'O{ ljBfno t To;sf pbfx/0f dfq x'g\ . ufO{ rg]{ rf}/ / ?vsf] 5xf/Ldf a;]/ k7gkf7g u/fpg] ljBfno ;d]t sflnsf]6df gePsf xf]Ogg\ . cyf{t\ o; lhNnfsf ljBfnosf] ef}lts cj:yf lgs} bf?0f x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . Pp6f c;n ljBfno lgdf{0fsf] nflu d]?b08 g} dflgg] ejg g} gePkl5 ToxfFaf6 s:tf] z}lIfs k|ultsf] cfzf ug]{ <

lhNnf lzIff sfof{no sflnsf]6sf cg';f/, ut jif{sf] k|j]lzsfdf lhNnfe/Laf6 !# hgf dfq pQL0f{ eP . ;lDdlnt k/LIffyL{ x]bf{ pQL0f{ ;+Vofn] % k|ltzt klg gf£b}g . lgs} lg/fzfhgs o; glthfaf6 sltko ljBfnodf t lzIfsx¿ lj?4 gf/fafhL g} eof] . sdhf]/ lzIfssf] sf/0f ljBfyL{ km]n eP eGg] unt dflg;stfn] cleefjsnfO{ pQ]lht agfof] .

t/, z}lIfs:t/ j[l4sf] nflu Pp6f c;n lzIfssf] hlt e"ldsf x'G5, Tolt g} ljBfnodf ef}lts Pj+ z}lIfs ;fwgsf] ;d]t k|ofKttf cfjZos kb{5 eGg]df g t ;/sf/n] dxz'; u/]sf] b]lvof] g t cleefjsn] g} . pN6} ;/sf/n] tLg jif{;Dd nuftf/ lgn -z"Go_ x'g] ljBfnox¿nfO{ gl;ot;lxt cg'bfg s6f}tL ug]{ b'ef{Uok"0f{ gLlt sfof{Gjog u¥of] . o;n] ubf{ ;/sf/af6 yf]/} e/f];f kfPsf sflnsf]6sf ;/sf/L ljBfnox¿sf] z}lIfs cj:yf emg\ vl:sg] ;Defjgf a9]sf] 5 .

e+s k|fylds ljBfnosf lzIfs wd{/fh s7fot ljBfnosf] 5fgf g} gePkl5 rsf]{ 3fd nfu]sf] lbg / kfgL k/]sf] lbg k7gkf7g g} aGb ug'{k/]sf] b'Mv];f] ub{5g\ . æk9fO{ x'g] hDdf lbgsf] cfwf efu klg k9fO{ x'Fb}g eg] ljBfyL{x¿n] s;/L l;Sg ;Sb5g\ <Æ s7fot k|Zg u5{g\ . pgL yK5g\, æTo;df klg z}lIfs ;fdu|Lsf] t gfd lgzfgf g} 5}g .Æ

s]xL jif{ klxn];Dd cleefjsx¿n] 5fgf dd{t ug]{ u/]sf] ePtf klg kl5Nnf] ;do ;/sf/af6 qmf]lwt eO{ cleefjsx¿n] To;tkm{ a]jf:tf u/]sf] cleefjs /h P]8Ln] atfP . :jf:Yo rf}sLnfO{ ;d]t cfkm\g} ejgdf /fVg afWo kfl/Psf] 8fFkm] k|:tfljt dfljsf Ps lzIfs eG5g\, æljleGg lsl;dsf la/fdLx¿ cfpg] qmdn] ubf{ k7gkf7gdf afwf k'u]sf] dfq 5}g, ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ;d]t dfgl;s tgfjn] ;tfPsf] 5 . la/fdLn] lrRofx6 ag]sf] jftfj/0faLr cWoog u/]sf afnaflnsfx¿n] s] l;Snfg\ / /fi6«n] ltgLx¿af6 s:tf] cfzf /fVnf <Æ

:yfgLo kqsf/ cho/fh jdsf] zAbdf æ?vsf] 5xf/Ldf / ufO{ rg]{ rf}/df k9fO{ x'g] ljBfnosf] cj:yf gfh's / sxfnLnfUbf] 5 .Æ lhNnfsf @) dflj;lxt sl/a @ ;o ljBfnox¿n] ;/sf/af6 gfd / :jLs[lt t kfPsf 5g\ t/ ;xof]u / ;b\efj eg] clxn];Dd kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ .Æ

jif]{gL ljBfno cg'bfgsf] gfddf cfpg] nfvf}+ ?k}ofF vr{ ePsf] egL km5\of}{6 ul/+bf / z}lIfs cj:yf hxfFsf] txL+ /xFbf ;d]t To;sf] jf:tljstfaf/] ;/sf/n] vf]hljg u/]sf] kfOb}+g . æTolt dfq xf]Og, cGt/f{li6«o bft[;+:yfx¿af6 z}lIfs ;'wf/sf] nflu cfpg] /sd sflnsf]6df afn'jfdf kfgL vGofP em}+ ePsf] 5 .Æ kqsf/ adn] eg], æbz jif{ cl3 lgdf{0f eO;s]sf] ljBfno ejg rfn" jif{df rnfPsf] em'7f] lan k]z u/]/ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿aLr g} /sd afF8kmfF8 ug]{ sfd x'G5 eg] ufO{ rg]{ rf}/ / ?vsf] 5xf/Ldf k9fO{ ;+rfng ug]{ ljBfnon] s]sf] cg'bfg kfpg' <Æ o;af/]df lhNnf lzIff sfof{nosf Ps sd{rf/L eG5g\, æobL ;/sf/L tyf cGt/f{li6«o If]qaf6 cfPsf] cg'bfg /sd ;b'kof]u x'g] xf] eg] oxfFsf] z}lIfs :j?k g} kl/jt{g x'g;S5 .Æ

lzIff n]v ;Fufnf]÷lzIff kqsf/ ;d"x

t:s/aLr g} df/fdf/

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

gjnk/f;L . ufO{ / uf]?sf] t:s/L u/]afkt cfPsf] /sdsf] af“8kmf“8sf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ ljjfb pTkGg ePkl5 t:s/x?aLr cfk;df ljjfb x'"bf Ps t:s/n] xfg]sf] uf]nL nfu]/ csf{] t:s/ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ .

gjnk/f;Lsf] /tgu~h ufp“sf kKk' rf}xfgn] s§fåf/f rnfPsf] uf]nL g/;xL ufp“sf wgaxfb'/ u'?ªsf] v'§fdf nflu 3fOt] ePsf] / b'j} ufp“sf t:s/ 36gfkl5 g/;xL ufp“af6 efu]sf 5g\ . ut c;f]hdf ePsf] 36gfdf 3fOt] ePsf u'?ªsf] ef/tsf] uf]/vk'/df pkrf/ eO/x]sf] u'?ªsf kl/jf/n] atfPsf 5g\ . o; 36gfkl5 /tgu~h / g/;xL ufp“sf t:s/x? Ps–csf{nfO{ l;Wofpg nfu]sf 5g\ .

c;f]h dlxgfsf] clGtdlt/ /tgu~hsf t:s/ kKk' rf}xfg, d'Ìf sf]x/L, lg/f]p / g/;xL ufp“sf Zofd u'?ª, 9saxfb'/ u'?ª, /fd' lj=s= / wgaxfb'/ u'?ª cfk;df ldn]/ @ ;o ufO{ / !@ uf]? ljh}k aGwfsf] !& g+= d'lgsf] % g+= 7f]Ss/af6 gf/fo0fL gbL kf/ u/fO{ ;':tfaf6 ef/t laxf/sf ufO{–uf]?sf Jofkf/LnfO{ ;'lDkPkl5 tL Jofkf/Laf6 k|fKt /sdsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ t:s/x?aLr df/lk6 / uf]nL rn]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . pQm 36gf eO;s]kl5 /tgu~hsf t:s/x?nfO{ o;} ufp“df a;f]af; ePsf ef/taf6 km/f/ 8f“sfx? d'Ìf vf“, kxndfg sf]O/L / l6sf]/L ldof“n] ;fy lbPsf 5g\ eg] log} 8f“sfx?sf] ;xof]udf b'j} ufp“sf t:s/x?n] ufO{–uf]?sf] t:s/L ub}{ cfPsf] /x:o clxn] cfP/ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . /, log} 8f“sfåf/f /tgu~hsf t:s/nfO{ xltof/ lbOPsf] klg yfxf ePsf] 5 . /tgu~hsf t:s/ u|'k;“u a}8f}nL ufp“sf OGb|lht ofbj / u'7L k|;f}gL ufp“sf d'lGb|sf s]j6 gfdsf t:s/x? ;+nUg ePsf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . s'l8of uflj; jf8{ g+ $ an'jf 6f]nsf t:s/sf ;d|f6\ ;fjf“ gfdsf JolQmn] klg lbgx'" ufO{ / uf]?sf] t:s/L u/fp“b} u/]sf] s'/f /]jf ufp“jf;Lx? atfp“5g\ . s}of}+ t:s/Ldf kqmfp k/]sf ;fjf“sf] lj?4 d'2f klg rln/x]sf] 5 . ljb|f]xL g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] gjnk/f;L lhNnfdf hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 gf/fo0fL gbLsf] lsgf/sf] jfl/sf] IF]q / g]kfn–ef/t ;Ldf;“u hf]l8Psf] ;LdfIf]q dfcf]jfbLx?n] cfÎgf] sAhfdf lnPkl5 ;LdfIf]qaf6 x'g] t:s/Ldf Jofks j[l4 ePsf] 5 .

klSnxjf, g/;xL, s'l8of uflj;sf] gf/fo0fL gbLsf] lsgf/sf] IF]qdf ;'/Iff lgsfosf] s'g} cËsf] kf]i6 olta]nf 5}g eg] ptf gf/fo0fL kfl/ ;':tfdf /x]sf] k|x/L kf]i6sf OGrfh{ k|x/L gfoa lg/LIfs hËaxfb'/ l;+xnufot kf]i6df sfo{/t cGo k|x/Lx? ufO{–uf]?sf t:s/x?;“u ldn]/ cfly{s nfe lng pBt 5g\ .

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt gjnk/f;Ln] jiff}{+–jif{b]lv gf/fo0fL gbLsf] 7f“8L3f6sf], tf/3f6sf] 7]Ssf lb"b} cfPsf]df g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] 7]Ssfdf /f]s nufO{ o;jif{b]lv tf/3f6sf] sfd dfcf]jfbLx? cfk}+mn] u/]sf 5g\ .

;+:yfut ljsf;n] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/

t'n;f tfDnL

wgs'6f . wgs'6fsf dlxnfx¿ ljleÌ ;+3–;+:yfx¿df cfa4 eO{ hLjg:t/df cfd"n kl/jt{g Nofpg'sf ;fy} ;fdflhs sfo{df ;d]t cu|;/ x'g yfn]sf 5g\ .

klxn] ;fgf] l;dfnLsf] l;6fn] af/]sf] 3/df a;L laxfg–a]n'sfsf] 5fs 6fg{ / Ps;/f] nufpg wf}–wf} kg]{ ef/tL ld> gfu]Zj/L ;d"xdf cfa4 ePkl5 pgn] cfÎgf] hLjg:t/df kl/jt{g u/L kSsL 3/, 6]lnlehg, 6]lnkmf]g cflb ;'ljwfo'Qm 3/df a:g ;kmn x'g'sf ;fy} 5f]/f–5f]/Lx¿nfO{ af]l8{ª :s'ndf k9fpg klg ;kmn ePsL l5g\ .

hUufsf] gfddf ^ /f]kgL kfvf]af/L / l;dfnLsf] l;6fsf] em'k|f] dfq ePsL ld>n] ;fd'bflos ;+:yfaf6 t/sf/L v]tLsf nflu lbOg] ls:tfaGbL % xhf/ C0faf6 t/sf/L pTkfbg u/L To;af6 ePsf] cfDbfgLn] e}+;L, ufO{ kfnL b"w / t/sf/Laf6 sdfPsf] /sdn] cfh ;'vb\ Pj+ ;kmn hLjgofkg ug{ yfn]sL l5g\ .

ef/tL dfq geP/ a]nx/fsf uflj;sf dlxnfx¿ ;d"xdf ul7t dlxnf ax'p2]ZoLo ;+:yfdf cfkm" cfa4 ePkl5 dlxnfx¿sf] ;fdflhs / cfly{s :t/df klg w]/} kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . ckl/lrt JolQm;“u s'/f ug{ g;Sg] Pj+ ghfGg]x¿ clxn] ldl6ªdf ;xefuL eO;s]kl5 ;fdflhs ;d:ofsf] lgsf; lgsfNgsf nflu 5nkmn u/L lgsf; lbg / gu/kflnsfdf cfO{ a}+sdf cfly{s sf/f]af/ klg cfk+}m ug{ ;Sg] ePsf 5g\ .

8f“8fahf/ uflj; j8f g+= # lgjf;L ltndfof dfVvf cfÎgf] ljrf/ kf]lV5g\, …a'xf/L r]nLÚ gfds ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf ha cfa4 ep“, Tof] ;+:yfdfk{mt uflj; sfo{qmdsf] ;xof]udf g]kfnsf] e|d0f ug]{ cj;/ kfp“ . e|d0f ubf{ To; e]usf dlxnfx¿ bf]sfg u/]sf] b]v]kl5 d}n] klg :yfgLo ljsf; sf]ifaf6 !) xhf/ C0f lnO{ bf]sfg vf]n"], k;naf6 cfPsf] /sd s]xL jrt u/]+ eg] af“sL efOsf 5f]/f–5f]/LnfO{ k9\g vr{ eof] .

klxn] aflx/km]/ lx"8]/ s]xL sfd ug{sf] nflu 3/af6 km';{b lyPg, km';{b eP klg xfdLnfO{ 3/kl/jf/af6 aflx/ lx"8\g 5'6 lyPg . t/, ha ;d"xdf ;+ul7t ePkZrft\ ljBfno ;/;kmfO, af6f] dd{tdf nfUg yfn]kl5 ;d"xsf] sfddf cfhef]ln 3/kl/jf/n] klg ;xof]u ug{ yfn]sf] ltndfof ofVvf atfp“l5g\ .

o:t} cg'ej 5, :yfgLo lgd{nf sfsL{ . klxn] dnfO{ sfnf] cIf/ e}+;La/fa/ nfUYof] . t/, clxn] ljleÌ ;+3–;+:yfdf cfa4 ePkl5 tL ;+:yfaf6 ;~rflnt k|f}9 sIffdf a9\g yfn]kl5 k9\g÷n]Vg hfÌ'sf ;fy} cfly{s cj:yf klg ;'l3|Psf] 5 . ef/tL, ltndfof, lgd{nfx¿ pbfx/0f dfq x'g\ . oL dlxnfx¿ h:t} ;of}+ dlxnf Pp6f g Pp6f ;+3–;+:yfdf cfa4 ePkl5 af}l4s / cfly{s :t/ j[l4 ePsf] :yfgLo s]bf/ bfxfn atfp“5g\ .

sf]O/fnfsf] km'tL{

kz'{/fd ;'j]bL

g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ df]/ªsf ;efklt gf/fo0fk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] ljhofbzdLsf] cj;/df ul/Psf] lrofkfg ;df/f]xsf] Jofks 6Lsfl6Kk0fL x'g yfn]sf] 5 . gjn sfj/fsf] Sjfln6L la:s'6 / cfzs/0f ;~r]tLsf] ;~r]tL lrof lgMz'Ns k|fof]hg u/L cfof]lht pQm sfo{qmddf ;f] kf6L{sf dxfdGqL ljhos'df/ uR5]bf/ ;dy{s k"/} pk]lIft ePsf lyP .

o;}u/L Pdfn]sf lhNnf:t/sf s]xL g]tfx?afx]s cGo kf6L{sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?åf/f c3f]lift ?kdf alxisf/ ul/Psf] pQm lrofkfg ;df/f]xdf g]kfnL sf+u|];af6 lgisfl;t jfuL sfo{stf{x?sf] xflnd'xfnL lyof] .

;df/f]xdf ;efklt sf]O/fnfn] Pdfn]sf lhNnf g]tfx?nfO{ cfufdL lgjf{rg–;“u;“u} ldn]/ uP g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ w"nf] r6fpg ;Sg] atfp“b} ubf{ Pdfn] g]tfx? cfkm"x? df]/ªdf PSn} ;Ifd ePsf] eGb} hjfkm lbPkl5 sf]O/fnf r'k x'g k'u]sf lyP .

cfoft a9\of], lgsf;L 36\of]

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

lj/f6gu/ . k"jf{~rn ljsf;If]qaf6 ;d'b|kf/ lgsf;L )%(÷)^) sf] t'ngfdf o; cfly{s jif{ )^)÷)^! df sdL cfPsf] 5 .

utjif{ & ca{ %& s/f]8 &$ nfv %& xhf/ a/fa/sf] ;fdfg ;d'b|kf/ lgsf;L ePsf] lyof] eg] of] jif{ & ca{ ## s/f]8 ** nfv (@ xhf/ a/fa/sf ;fdfgx? ;d'b|kf/ lgsf;L ePsf] Jofkf/ k|aGw s]Gb| k"jf{~rn If]qLo sfof{no lj/f6gu/n] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

ut cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf of] cfly{s jif{ # k|ltztn] lgsf;Ldf sdL cfPsf] eP klg tof/L kf];fs lgsf;Ldf !) k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf] sfof{nosf k|d'v lbnLks'df/ cof{nn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

k"jf{~rnIf]qaf6 krf;eGbf a9L b]zx?df #% eGbf a9L ;fdfgx? ;d'b|kf/ lgsf;L x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o;/L lgsf;L x'g] k|d'v j:t'x?df tof/L kf];fs, 5fnf, d';'/Lsf] bfn, pmgL, un}+rf, g]kfnL sfuh / ;f]af6 ag]sf ;fdfgx? k|d'v ?kdf /x]sf] pQm sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .

utjif{ ;d'b|kf/tkm{ ^ ca{ #% s/f]8 %( nfv %& xhf/a/a/sf] tof/L kf];fs lgsf;L ePsf]df of] jif{ % ca{ &! s/f]8 &% nfv !$ xhf/ a/fa/sf] tof/L kf];fs lgsf;L ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L ;d'b|kf/af6 )%(÷)^) df !) ca{ ^ s/f]8 $^ nfv @) xhf/ a/fa/sf] ;fdfg k}7f/L eOcfPsf] lyof] eg] of] jif{ !@ ca{ %( s/f]8 ^) nfv &# xhf/ d"Noa/fa/sf] ;fdfg k}7f/L ePsf] klg ;f] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .

;8s k'glg{df{0f x'g]

b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

lj/f6gu/ . df]/ª lhNnfsf] k'/fgf] ;b/d'sfd /+u]nL uflj;df hfg] lj/f6gu/–/+u]nL ;8ssf] k'glg{df{0f ul/g] ePsf] 5 . lj/f6gu/b]lv /+u]nL, j/8+uf x'"b} pnf{af/L uflj;;Ddsf] ^* lsnf]ld6/ nfdf] ;8s cfufdL kmfu'g–r}tb]lv k'glg{df{0f ul/g] k"jf{~rn ;8s l8lehg sfof{no lj/f6gu/n] hgfPsf] 5 . lj/f6gu/–/+u]nL ;8s k'glg{df{0fsf nflu >L % sf] ;/sf/ / Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}+s -P8LaL_ aLr ;Demf}tf eO;s]sf] / af6f] agfpgsf nflu cfjZos 6]G8/ klg vf]ln;s]sf] k"jf{~rn ;8s l8lehg sfof{no lj/f6gu/sf lgldQ sfof{no k|d'v ah|df]xg sf]O/fnfn] atfpg'eof] . ;f] ;8s v08 cToGq hL0f{ ePkl5 lj/f6gu/–/+u]nL v08df rNg] oftfoft / dfnafxs 6«sx? cfjt–hfjt ug{ sl7gfO x'"bf ;f] e]usf $) uflj;sf sl/a @) nfv hgtf k|efljt ePsf 5g\ . ;8s hL0f{ x'"b} uPkl5 /+u]nL uflj;nufot ;f] If]qdf pTkfbg x'g] s[lif ;fdu|Lx? lj/f6gu/ ahf/;Dd Nofpg sl7g ePsf] s[ifsx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . x'nfsL ;8ssf] ?kdf ;d]t kl/lrt lj/f6gu/–/+u]nL ;8ssf] k'glg{df{0f ePkl5 emfkf lhNnf / lj/f6gu/ cfjthfjt ug{;d]t ;lhnf] x'g] klg ;f] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . lj/f6gu/–/+u]nL ;8s v08df clxn] b}lgs ?kdf ofq'afxs a; / dfnafxs 6«s u/L b}lgs @ ;ob]lv @ ;o %) ;jf/L–;fwgx? cfjt–hfjt ug]{ atfOPsf] 5 .

v'nf h]n M dfgjLo ;]jfsf] ;+s]t

j;Gt l/dfn

5ofnL; ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngsf] anaf6 bnx? v'nf k|lt:kwf{df plqg kfP klg h]nsf aGbLn] ck]Iffs[t dfgjLo Jojxf/ k|fKt ug{ ;ls/x]sf lyPgg\ . k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf kl5 sf/fuf/ aGbLsf lgldQ d'lQm cleofgsf] 9f]sf v'Ng]df aGbLx? cfzfjfbL lyP . cufl8 cufl8 h:t} ;trfnL; ;fndf ab|L/fd e08f/Lsf] cWoIftfdf u7g ePsf] sf/fuf/ ;'wf/ ;ldltn] lbPsf] ;'emfjn] Jojxfl/s ?k lng ;s]g . Joj:yfsf] kl/jt{g kl5 ;/sf/ ;+rfngdf /x]sf clwsfz+ JolQmx? h]nsf] ;d:of;“u kl/lrt lyP . hL0f{, k'/fgf, v08x/ ejg, lr;f–cf]l;nf l5l8 rf]6fx?df ljtfPsf JolQmx? ;/sf/df uPkl5 h]nn] o'ufGtsf/L kl/j{tgsf] ?k lng]df w]/}n] cfzf u/]sf lyP . oBlkM Jojxf/df To;f] eg] x'g ;ls/x]sf] lyPg .

dfgjclwsf/sf] ;+/If0fdf cfPsf] ljZjJofkL nx/n] l9n} ePklg h]naGbLnfO{ pGd'lQmsf] af6f]lt/ a9\gaf6 eg] /f]Sg ;s]g . o;}sf] kl/0ffd :j?k JolQmsf clwsf/sf] /Iff, ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g ul/g' kg]{ dfGotfn] 7fp“ lnb} uof] . :jtGq gful/ssf cnfjf /fHoåf/f :jtGqtf vf];]/ aGbL agfOPsf gful/ssf lglDt a9L eGbf a9L dfgjLo Jojxf/ ul/g' kg]{ cfjfh d'vl/t eO/x]sf] 5 .

;fd'bfoLs ;]jf / v'nf sf/fuf/ k|0ffnL aGbLsf] dfgjLo kIfnfO{ ;+/If0f ug{ a9L k|efjsf/L ePsf] afx\o d'n'sx?sf] cg'ejn] b]vfPsf] kfOG5 . ;fd'bfoLs ;]jfdf ;fgfltgf ck/fw ug{ pBt JolQmnfO{ ck/fw u/] jfkt h]ndf gk7fO{ ;dfhs} aLrdf /fv]/ ;'wfl/g] k|of; ul/G5 . o;n] s}bL hLjg latfPkl5 cfpg ;Sg] cljZjf;sf] ;d:of x6fpg ;S5 . xfd|f] Jojxf/ / k|rng h]n k/]kl5 ;dfhn] JolQm dfly sn+ssf] 6Lsf nufOlbG5 . a]nfot, lhDdfj] / l5d]sL d'n's ef/t nufotf w]/} d'n'sdf ;fd'bfoL ;]jf ;kmn 7xl/Psf] kfOG5 . ef/tdf ljut !)) jif{ b]lv ;fd'bfoLs ;]jfsf] cEof;n] ;kmntf kfO/x]sf] 5 .

sltko cj:yfdf dflg; ;+j]bgf u'dfP/ klg ck/fwhGo 36gf 36fO/x]sf x'G5g\ . cfj]usf cnfjf dfgjLo sdhf]/L / e'njz x'g uPsf cfk/flws lqmofsnfkdf s7f]/ b08sf] ljsNk cjnDjg ug'{kg]{ la1x? atfp“5g\ . lqe'jg ljZjljBfno dfg]lj1fgsf k|fWofks d'/f/Lk|;fb /]UdL …JolQmn] s:tf] cj:yf, kl/j]z / ;Gbe{df ck/fwhGo sfo{df pBt ePsf] 5 To;sf] lgbfg ul/g' kg]{ dfGotf /fVg'x'G5 . cGhfg / cfj]udf cfP/ ck/fw ug{ pBt JolQmnfO{ sf/fjf;sf] ;hfon] ;'wfg{ g;Sg] /]UdLsf] 7x/ 5 .Ú ;fgfltgf ck/fwdf pBt JolQmsf] lgldTj aGb sf/fjf;sf] ;6\6fdf ;fd'bfoLs ;]jf ;kmn x'g;Sb5 . ;fd'bfoLs ;]jfdf ljBfno, c:ktfn, :yfgLo lgsfo nufotsf :yfgdf JolQmnfO{ sfddf nufpg ;lsG5 . cbfntn] tf]s]sf] ;t{ d'tfljssf lqmofsnfkdf JolQm cfj4 /xg' kg]{ ;fd'bfoLs ;]jfsf] nIo xf] . ;t{ adf]lhdsf lqmofsnfkaf6 al~rt eP To; cj:yfdf JolQm aGb sf/fuf/ leq hfg' kg]{ afWotf klg cfpg ;Sb5 .

oBlkM v'nf sf/fjf; k|0ffnL eg] cln k[ys cfr/0f u|x0f u/]sf] kfOG5 . nfdf] ;hfo tf]lsPsf aGbLsf lgldTj v'nf sf/fjf;sf] of]hgf cufl8 ;fl/Psf] 5 . tLg jif{eGbf a9L ;hfo tf]lsPsf JolQmsf] lglDt v'nfsf/fuf/ k|0ffnL nfu" x'G5 . s}b ;hfosf] Ps ltxfO{ b08 kfPkl5 dfq v'nfsf/fjf;sf lglDt aGbL 5gf]6 x'g ;Sb5 . aGbL 5gf]6 ubf{ /fd|f] cfr/0f k|bz{g cjnDag ug]{ aGbLnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOG5 . nfdf] ;do h]ndf a;]/ Ps} rf]6L ;dfh kms{g ;d:of gxf];\ elg v'nfsf/fjf; k|rngsf] yfngL ul/Psf] xf] . sf/fjf;df a;]/ klg ljleGg Joj;foLs sfddf nufP/ aGbLnfO{ ;lqmo / hfu?s agfO/fVg] v'nfsf/fjf;n] nIo /fv]sf] 5 . o;n] aGbLdf /x]sf zLk / sf}znnfO{ arfO" /fVg d2t ub{5 . s[lif kmfd{, 7"nf–7"nf ;/sf/L ejg lgdf{0f / ;8s lgdf{0fdf aGbLnfO{ ;lqmo u/fpg ;s]df /fHodfly kg]{ cfly{s af]em 36\g ;Sb5 . /, JolQm ;dfhdf kmls{Pkl5 k'gM sfddf nflu/xg k|]/0ffbfoL x'G5 .

;fd'bfoLs ;]jf / v'nfsf/fjf;sf] ;'ljwf ;a} aGbLn] kfpg eg] kfp“b}gg\ . kl/jf/ / ;dfhsf lglDt a9L 3fts 7flgPsf ck/fwdf ;+nUg JolQm oL ;'ljwfaf6 al~rt /xg] u/]sf 5g\ . hLp df:g] a]Rg], hj/h:tL s/0fL, s}baf efu] eufPsf], eG;f/ rf]/L lgsf;L k}7f/L, nfu" cf}ifwsf] sf/f]jf/, e|i6rf/ ;DjGwL, hf;';L ;DjGwL ck/fwdf pBt aGbLn] kl/s[it s}bb08sf] pkef]u kfpg] 5}gg .

xfdLsxf“ nfu" x'g nfu]sf] ;fd'bfoLs ;]jf / v'nfsf/fjf; ;a} aGbLsf lglDt nfu" x'g ;s]df GofoLs x'g;Sg] sf/fuf/sf aGbLx? atfp“5g\ . nfdf] ;dob]lv eb| aGbL u[xdf sf/fjf;sf] ;hfo ef]lu/x]sf cf]d u'?ª ;a}sf lglDt of] Jojxf/ nfu" ePdf Gofo x'g]df cfzfjfbL 5g\ . cGoyf of] Joj:yfn] cem} klg c?c? pQ/s'df/ bhL{ alg/xg ;Sg\ .Ú lrtjg 6f“8L gu/kflnsfsf r]nLa]6L a]rlavgdf bhL{ @) jif{ $ dlxgf sf/fjf;df a;]/ clxn] dfgl;s ;Gt'ng u'dfpg k'u]sf 5g\ . /fd|f] zLk / sf}zn x'"bf x'"b} klg nfdf] sf/fjf;sf] kl/0ffd :j?k To:tf] x'g ;Sg] k|fWofks /]UdLsf] 7x/ 5 .Ú

;fdfGotM tLgrf/ jif{sf] sf/fjf;sf] lhjgn] klg aGbLnfO{ cfkm\gf] uNtL af]w u/fpg ;Sg] aGbL u'?ª atfp“5g\ . kl/aGbdf h]nsf] 3]/f leq k/]sf sltko JolQmsf lglDt nfdf] sf/fjf; 3fts ;fljt x'g] lj1x?n] atfp“b} cfPsf 5g\ . ;fljlt u/fpg] gfddf oftgf lbg] k|ltsf/fTds :j?ksf] b08 ljlw cjnDjg eO/x"bf lgbf]{if JolQm klg sf/fjf;sf] ;hfo ef]Ug ljjz x'g;S5g\ .

oftgfnfO{ b08 ljlwsf] k|lqmof agfpg] k|rng rln/x]sf] xfd|f] h:tf] d'n'ssf lglDt v'nf sf/fuf/ ;a} aGbLsf lglDt nfu" ul/g ;lsPdf dfgjLo x'g;Sg] nfdf] aGbL hLjg latfPsf aGbLx? atfp“5g\ .

aGb sf/fjf;sf] ljsNksf ?kdf g]kfndf klg ;fd'bfoLs ;]jf / v'nf sf/fuf/ ca sfof{Gjosf] kIfdf hfb}5 . ;fd'bfoL ;]jfsf ?kdf sf7df8f}+ / emfkf lhNnf 5gf]6df k/]sf 5g\ eg] v'nfsf/fuf/sf lglDt sf7df8f}+ / lrtjgdf o;sf] kl/If0f x'g]5 . …aGbLsf lglDt of] gof“ cj;/sf ?kdf cfPsf] / sf/fuf/ k|zf;gsf] lglDt P]ltxfl;s sfo{sf] yfngL klg ;fljt x'g]df sf/fuf/ Joj:yfkg ljefusf dxflgb]{zs o'j/fh kf08] ljZjf; ug'{x'G5 .Ú sf/fuf/ -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_ cWofb]z @)^! n] aGbLsf lgldTj dfgjLo k|s[ltsf] nflu u/]sf] yfngL ;kmn x'"b} uPdf ;fd'bfoLs ;]jf / v'nfsf/fjf; aGb sf/fjf;sf] ljsNksf ?kdf cfpg;S5 .

klxnf] kfgf | dgf]/~hg | ;Dkfblso . cy{tGq | cg'ej÷cGtjftf{ | v]ns'b | ;flxTo ;/f]j/ | ljrf/÷laZn]if0f | b]z÷b]zfj/ | k|ltls|of