Economy The Deshanter - Weekly (Nepal)

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sf7df8f}+ . tftf]kfgL eG;f/af6 cj}w¿kdf k}7f/L ePsf 7"nf] kl/0ffdsf ;fdfgsf Jofkf/Lx¿nfO{ clgoldt ¿kn] ;3fpg] eG;f/ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ sf/afxL x'g] ePsf] 5 . /fhZj cg';Gwfg ljefusf dxflgb]{zs dfwjk|;fb 9sfnsf cg';f/, Ps eG;f/ clws[t;lxt cGo tLg ;fgf bf]ifL sd{rf/LnfO{ sf/afxLsf] nflu eG;f/ ljefunfO{ lgb]{zg lbOPsf] 5 .

/fhZj cg';Gwfg ljefun] cl3Nnf] ;ftf kqmfp u/L sf/afxL cufl8 a9fPsf ^ dWo] rf/ 6«sdf k|1fkgkqdf 3f]if0ff u/]eGbf a9L kl/0ffdsf / 3f]if0ff gul/Psf ;fdfg k]mnf k/]sf lyP . kqmfp k/]sf 6«ssf ;fdfgdWo] () k|ltztsf] /fhZj 5Ng] k|of; ul/Psf] lyof] . cf/h] OG6/k|fOh]hsf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] cTolws /fhZj 5nLsf b'O{ 6«s ;fdfgafkt /fhZj cg';Gwfg ljefun] w/f}6L /sd:j¿k ( nfv $$ xhf/ c;'ln;s]sf] 5 . h;dWo] 5nLsf ;fdfgafkt ^ nfv ^$ xhf/ $ ;o !*, h]nafkt $% xhf/ / d"No clej[l4s/ -Eof6_ 5n]afkt cf/h] OG6/k|fOh]haf6 @ nfv #% xhf/ c;'lnPsf] lyof] . cfwf 6«ssf] kl/0ffddf /x]sf] On]lS6«s lsTnLdf # ;o %) lk;sf] dfq k|1fkgkq u/fO{ ## ;o ^^ lk; Nofpg vf]lhPsf] lyof] . l:ks/, KoflG6g a|f08sf] x]8 P08 ;f]Nh/, s/g lhG6; kfOG6, lelhP aS; -sDKo'6/;DaGwL_ cflb ;fdfg klg kl/0ffdeGbf w]/} km/s kg]{ u/L NofOPsf] lyof] . ^& xhf/ ¿k}of“a/fa/sf] Kofg 8«fOe, ^% xhf/a/fa/sf ;'6s];sf] Knfl:6s Rofgn cflb ;fdfgsf] k|1fkgkqdf 3f]if0ff g} ul/Psf] lyPg . To;}u/L sltko ;fdfgsf] /fhZj lt/]/ klg tL ;fdfg cfoft gu/L cs}{ k|j[lQsf] ;fdfg kfOPsf] lyof] . $ xhf/ yfg a]aL k]lG6hsf] /fhZj lt/] klg Pp6f 6«sdf a]aL k]lG6hsf] gfdf]lgzfg lyPg . @ ;o @@ yfg NofG8sf8{ sDKo'6/, 6]lnkmf]g HjfOG6 aS;, sDKo'6/ lk|G6/sf 6f]g/sf] lglZrt kl/df0fsf] /fhZj ltl/Psf] k|1fkgkq eP klg ltgsf] 7fp“df cs}{ ;fdfg e]l6Psf] lyP . Jofkf/Lx¿sf] clgoldt :jfy{nfO{ k"lt{ ug{ eG;f/ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] :ki6 ldnf]dtf] / ;xof]ulagf of] ;Dej lyPg .

To;}u/L ^ j6fdWo] csf]{ Ps 6«sdf bfjf /]Zdf OG6/k|fOh]hsf] gfddf 9'jfgL ePsf] rKkn, l6–;6{, ?dfnnufotsf ;fdfgx¿ k|1fkgkqdf 3f]if0ff u/]sf] eGbf @ nfv !% xhf/ ¿k}of“ eGbf a9L d"Nosf e]l6Psf lyP . bfjf /]Zdf OG6/k|fOh]hn] d"No clej[l4s/df $ nfv @) xhf/ 5nL u/]sf];lxt s'n ^ nfv #% xhf/ w/f}6L /sd c;'n u/L sf/afxL cufl8 a9fOPsf] ljefusf lgb]{zs s'nk|;fb r"8fnn] hgfpg'ePsf] 5 . s]Pd ODk]S;sf] gfddf cfoft ul/Psf] :ofp k|1fkgkqdf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] ( xhf/ ( ;o s]hLeGbf !! xhf/ * ;o #@ s]hL a9L k]mnf k/]sf] lyof] . dfnwgL :ofp bfaL ug{ gcfPkl5 ljefun] @ nfv #^ xhf/ laqmL u/L w/f}6Ldf pQm /sd /fv]sf] 5 . ljefusf cg';f/, dfnwgL xfn;Dd ljefusf] ;Dks{df cfPsf] 5}g .

kqmfp k/]sfdWo] bLkHof]lt 6«]l8ª, l;Gw' OG6/g];gn / d'lQmgfy OG6/k|fOh]hsf] gfddf NofOPsf @ j6f 6«sx¿sf ;fdfg eg] 3f]if0ff ul/Pcg';f/, kfOPsfn] 5f]l8Psf] ljefun] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfof] . ljefusf cg';f/, 5f]l8Psf tL ;fdfgwgLx¿af6 $ nfv ¿k}of“ d"No clej[l4s/afkt c;'lnPsf] lyof] .

Pc/kf]6{ / tftf]kfgL /x:odo

clgoldt /fhZj 5nLdf ;w+}el/ rlr{t /x"b} cfPsf b'O{ eG;f/ laGb'x¿ lqe'jg ljdfg:yn eG;f/ / tftf]kfgL eG;f/df hlt ;hutf ckgfP klg clgoldttf hf/L /x]sf] /fhZj cg';Gwfg ljefusf dxflgb]{zs dfwjk|;fb 9sfnn] :jLsfg'{ePsf] 5 . uf}/, ;nf{xL, wgu9L, g]kfnu~h h:tf ef/t;“usf] gfsfdf clgoldttfdfly ul/Psf] ljefusf] sf/afxL kl5 k|z:t ;'wf/ eP klg ljdfg:yn / tftf]kfgLdf k|z:t r'gf}tL b]lvPsf] dxflgb]{zs 9sfnsf] egfO lyof] . k6s–k6s clgoldt /fhZj 5nLsf rlr{t 36gfx¿ tL b'O{ laGb'af6 ePsf]df ;/sf/n] sf/afxL u/] klg To; k|sf/sf /fhZj 5nLsf 36gfdf Go"gtf cfPsf] 5}g .

O6x/L, kyn}of, yfgsf]6, sf]xnk'/, g]kfnu~h / a'6jnl:yt eG;f/ o'lg6df lgoldt cg'udg ug{ /fhZj cg';Gwfg ljefusf] Ps 6f]nL u7g ePsf] dxflgb]{zs 9sfnn] b]zfGt/nfO{ atfpg'eof] . of] 6f]nLsf] u7g kf“r lbgcl3dfq ePsf] lyof] .

/fhZjdf j[l4

zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 ag]sf] gof“ dlGqd08nsf cy{dGqL dw's/zdz]/ ha/fn] ljefusf] sf/afxL;DaGwL cf“s8f dfu u/]kl5 df3 d;fGt;Ddsf] tYofÍ ljefun] lgsfn]sf] lyof] . h;cg';f/, rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] xfn;Dd * s/f]8 *( nfv ^* xhf/ # ;o &^ ¿k}of“a/fa/sf ;fdfg hkmt u/L eG;f/af6 /fhZj 5Ng]dfly sf/afxL ul/Psf] ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . of] /sd cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ @)^)÷)^! sf] o;} cjlwsf] t'ngfdf * s/f]8 *# nfv !$ xhf/ ^ ;on] a9L xf] . ut cfly{s jif{sf] df3 d;fGt;Dd & nfv %# xhf/ & ;o ¿k}of“a/fa/ dfqsf ;fdfg hkmt ul/Psf] lyof] . d"No clej[l4 s/ 5nL ug]{pk/ cg';Gwfg u/L cfGtl/s /fhZj ljefun] rfn" cfjsf] xfn;Dd &! nfv @( xhf/ @ ;o ** ¿k}of“ c;'n]sf] 5 . utjif{ Eof6 5Ng vf]Hg]x¿af6 $# nfv %* xhf/ * ;o #& ;Íng ePsf] lyof] .

cGtMz'Nstk{m gSsnL l:6s/ k|of]u u/L cGtMz'Ns 5Ng] ljleÌ dlb/f pBf]uaf6 ! s/f]8 * nfv *# xhf/ & ;o %@ w/f}6L lnO{ cfGt/s /fhZj ljefudf 5fglag eO/x]sf] ljefu ;|f]tn] hgfPsf] 5 . ;|f]tsf cg';f/, 5fglakl5 5nL ug]{ dlb/f pTkfbs sDkgLx¿af6 @ ca{ $% s/f]8 ¿k}of“eGbf a9L cGtMz'Ns p7\g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . gSsnL l:6s/ k|of]u u/L s/f]8f}+sf] /fhZj 7Ug] wGbfdf ;+nUg dlb/f pTkfbs sDkgLx¿ >L l8li6n/L, afaf l8li6n/L, rl08sf l8li6n/L / ;'dL l8li6n/L /x]sf 5g\ .

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dxf;]7 / >]i7 pTs[i6 Joj:yfks

;fN6 6«]l8ª skf]{/];gsf sfo{sf/L k|d'v k/d]Zj/ dxf;]7 pTs[i6 Joj:yfks / dlxnf ;xsf/L ;dfhsL sfo{sf/L cWoIf ;/:jtL >]i7n] pTs[i6 dlxnf Joj:yfkssf] ;Ddfg k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 . dxf;]7 / >]i7nfO{ pQm ;Ddfg g]kfn Joj:yfkg ;+3n] pTs[i6tfsf] cfwf/df 5gf}6 u/L k|bfg u/]sf] xf] . ;+3sf] @$cf}+ jflif{sf]T;jsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf pkfWoIf 8f= zÍ/ zdf{n] cfjlws Ph]G8fx¿sf] k|fylds 5gf}6 xfd|f] of]hgf Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL ljZjd} pTs[i6 dflgPsf] agfpg'ePsf] lyof] . g]kfnh:tf] clt sd ljsl;t /fi6«df cfjlws of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ nfu" ul/Psf] Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL pTs[i6 dflgPsfn] cfufdL dfr{ dlxgfdf k]l/;df x'g] Ps dGqL:t/Lo ;Dd]ngdf g]kfnnfO{ sfo{kq k|:t't ug{ cfdGq0f ul/Psf] 8f= zdf{n] atfpg'eof] . of]hgf / gLltlgdf{0fdf pTs[i6 g]kfnsf] bL3{sfnLg cfly{s ljsf; ;':t x'g' Ps lj8Dagfs} ¿kdf lnOPsf] 5 .

s/5nLdf jfl0fHo a}+s klg

sd{rf/L sNof0f sf]ifaf6 jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] /sd ljt/0f ubf{ s/f]8f}+sf] cfos/ s§f gu/]sf] /x:o v'Ng cfPsf] 5 . /fhZj cg';Gwfg ljefusf] k|f/lDes 5fglagkl5 of] s'/f kQf nfu]sf] xf] .

gf}j6f jfl0fHo a}+ssf] sf]if ;~rfng;DaGwL sfuhft 5fglag ubf{ em08} @) s/f]8 ?k}of“ clu|d cfos/ p7\g af“sL /x]sf] / o:tf] k|s/0fdf ;a}h;f] jfl0fHo a}+sx? d'l5Psf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] cfÎgf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ tna ljt/0f ubf{ ;|f]td} cfos/ s§f u/L ljt/0f ug'{kg]{df cfly{s jif{ @)%$÷)%% b]lv @)%(÷)^) ;Dd ljleGg k|of]hgsf nflu /fhZj g5'§\ofO{ ljt/0f ug]{ u/]sf lyP . tnanufot cGo lx;fa vftfx? /fhZj sfof{nodf a'emfpg] u/] klg ;~rosf]if;DaGwL vftf eg] a'emfpg] gu/]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

af]g; af“8]/ af“sL /x]sf] d'gfkmfsf] #) k|ltzt /fi6« a}+sdf /xg] sNof0fsf/L sf]ifdf hDdf ul/g] afl0fHo a}+sx?sf] ljlgoddf pNn]v 5 . h;cg';f/ af“sL &) k|ltzt ;DalGwt a}+sx?n] cfÎgf] sNof0fsf/L sf]ifdf /fVg] ub{5g\ . sNof0fsf/L sf]ifaf6 jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] dfl;s tnaafx]ssf ;Dk"0f{ ;'ljwf tyf ;x'lnotx? h:t} :jf:Yo ;'ljwf, ljb]z e|d0f, k|f]T;fxg /sd cflbdf vr{ ug]{ u/]sf lyP . ljefun] ;DalGwt a}+ssf] af]g; /sd af]g;kl5 /x]sf] af“sL /sd, /fli6«o :t/sf] sf]ifdf hDdf /sd, k|lti7fg :t/sf] sd{rf/L sNof0f sf]ifdf hDDf /sd sNof0f sf]ifaf6 vr{ ePsf] /sd clu|d cfos/ s§f u/] . gu/]sf] bflvnf /sd ljefun] x]l//x]sf] 5 .

Pe/]i6 a}+ssf] d'gfkmf a9\of]

rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf] ^ dlxgfdf ut cfjsf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf Pe/]i6 a}+s lnld6]8sf] ;~rfng d'gfkmf @! k|ltztn] a9]sf] pQm a}+sn] hgfPsf] 5 . a}+ssf cg';f/, rfn" cfjdf ;~rfng d'gfkmf !* s/f]8 ^( nfv @) xhf/ ?k}of“ /x]sf] 5 .

a}+såf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf a}+ssf] shf{ k|jfx @% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ !( s/f]8 *) nfv k'u]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . lgIf]k ;+sngdf !* k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ * ca{ &$ s/f]8 () nfv ?k}of“ k'u]sf] 5 . d'gfkmf j[l4sf] sf/s tŒj ;an k|0ffnL tyf k|lqmof / k]zfut cjwf/0ff ePsf] a}+ssf] 7x/ 5 .

xfn a}+sn] !% j6f zfvfaf6 u|fxsx¿nfO{ a}+lsË ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . OlaPn 8]la6 sf8{sf] k|of]u a}+ssf] @% j6f P6LPd ;]G6/df ug{ ;lsg] pQm lj1lKtdf hgfOPsf] 5 . To:t}, a}+ssf] …Plgx]o/ a|fGr a}+lsË l;:6dÚcGtu{t u|fxsn] Pp6f zfvfdf vftf eP csf]{ zfvfaf6 sf/f]af/ ug{ ;lsg] ;'ljwf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . :d/0fLo /xf];\, a}+sn] 3/38]/L shf{, z}lIfs shf{, sf/ shf{, ladf shf{ cflb ljleÌ shf{ k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

x'g] eof] lad:6]s a}7s

sf7df8f}+ . ljd:6]s :jtGq Jofkf/ If]q cGtu{t ljd:6]s Jofkf/ jftf{ ;ldltsf] t];|f] a}7s kmfu'g # ut] b]lv /fhwfgLdf x'g] ePsf] 5 . g]kfndf ljsl;t /fhgLlts 36gfqmdsf] sf/0f ljd:6]s ;b:o /fi6«x?n] g]kfn;“u cf}krfl/s ;Dks{ u/]sf lyPgg\ . pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnosf ;x;lrj k'?iff]Qd cf]emfsf cg';f/ ;b:o /fi6«sf k|ltlglwx? ;a}n] a}7sdf efulng] k|ltj4tf hgfPkl5 k"j{lgwf{l/t a}7s ;Dej ePsf] xf] . g]kfndf x'g nfu]sf] of] klxnf] ljd:6]s a}7s xf] .

g]kfnnufot ef/t, aËnfb]z, >LnÍf, e'6fg, yfONof08 / DofGdf/ ;b:o /x]sf] ;Ë7g lad:6]ssf] g]kfndf x'g] elgPsf] a}7s lad:6]ssf] klxnf] a}7s xf] .

lad:6]s ;b:o /fi6«x¿aLr cfpg] jif{ ;g\ @))^ kl5 :jtGq Jofkf/ If]qdf hfg] ;Demf}tf eO;s]sf] 5 . h;cg';f/ k|yd r/0fdf ;g\ @))^ h'nfO{b]lv j:t'df :jtGq Jofkf/ ;'? x'g] / ;]jf tyf nufgLdf ;g\ @))& b]lv sfof{Gjogdf cfpg] of]hgf 5 . ut d+l;/ t];|f] ;ftfdf ef/tsf] gof“ lbNnLdf a;]sf] lad:6]ssf] a}7sdf :jtGq Jofkf/;DaGwL d:of}bf k]z ul/Psf] lyof] . 5nkmndfk{mt d:of}bfnfO{ clGtd ¿k lbg klg sf7df8f}+df x'g] elgPsf] a}7s dxŒjk"0f{ dflgPsf] 5 .

cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu lad:6]s :jtGq Jofkf/sf pTklQsf] lgod, Jofkf/ pbf/Ls/0f sfo{qmd eG;f/ tyf Jofkf/ ljlwx¿, ;+j]bgzLn j:t'sf] ;"rL ljZjJofkL ;+/If0f / lad:6]s ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg ;+/If0f If]qx¿ d:of}bfdf pNn]v 5g\ . ;b:o /fi6«x¿dWo] clt sd ljsl;t /fi6«x¿nfO{ ;x'lnot cfoft–lgof{t ;/nLs/0f ug{ klg of] a}7s dxŒjk"0f{ dflgPsf] 5 .

ljjfb ;dfwfg cfof]usf] af/]df yfONof08n] tof/ kf/]sf] d:of}bfdfly 5nkmn x'g] sfo{qmd lad:6]ssf] cf;Ì a}7sdf /x]sf] 5 . lad:6]s sfo{;ldltsf] t];|f] a}7sn] If]qLo ;xof]u cfbfg–k|bfgsf nflu s[lif, pBf]u / Jofkf/ ;xhLs/0f u/L tLg pkIf]q to ul/Psf] 5 . x/]s pkIf]qdf kl/of]hgf l8hfOgsf nflu s[lifdf >LnÍf, pBf]udf ef/t / Jofkf/ ;xhLs/0fdf yfONof08 ;+of]hs /x]sf 5g\ . k//fi6« ;lrj:t/sf] a}7sn] kl/of]hgfx¿ tof/ kf/L ;b:o /fi6«x¿af6 kfl/t eO;s]kl5 sfof{Gjogdf hfg]5 . lad:6]s ;b:o /fi6«n] cfk;df ug]{ cGtIf{]qLo sf/f]af/ !) k|ltzt dfq ePsf] cj:yfdf ;xof]u cfbfgk|bfg kl5 Jofkfl/s ;DaGw a9\g] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .